Livingwithtechnology。

一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备，教师要准备好教案为之后的教学做准备。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。那么，你知道教案要怎么写呢？为了让您在使用时更加简单方便，下面是小编整理的“Livingwithtechnology”，供您参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

郑集城区校区高二英语备课组学案Module7Unit1Reading
Learningaims:
1.Studentswillbeabletoreadsomeexhibitionboardsaboutthehistoryoftelevisionandaudiodevices;
2.Studentswillbeabletoknowthereadingstrategy---understandingsubtitles;
3.Studentswillbeabletotalkaboutthedevelopmentofotherelectronicdevices.
Learningimportantanddifficultpoints:
Learnhowtoquicklyobtaininformationinatextbyunderstandingthesubtitles.
Learningmethods:Discussionandtask－basedactivities
Step1课前学习：
A.词形变换
1.uncertain____________(n.)
2.electric_____________(n.)
3.demand_____________(adj.)
4.apply______________(n.)
5.evolution___________(v.)
6.assume______________(n.)
7.convenience__________(adj.)
8.superior_____________(opp.)
9.variety________________(n.)
10.delight_______________(adj.)B.写出下列动词以及过去式、过去分词
1.上发条，缠、绕vt.____________________________________________
2.播放vt._______________________________________
3.运用，应用；申请vt.vi._________________________________
4.投放市场，发起/动vt.____________________________________
5.需要，要求v.__________________________________________
6.跳，跳跃，谈起vi.___________________________________________
C.记住下列形容词、副词
1.无线的adj._____________2.优越的，占优势的adj.________
3.电的adj.________________4.便携的adj.__________________
5.总共，总而言之adv._______________6.从个人角度，亲自adv,________
D.写出下列名词
1.回顾，综述___________________2.播送，广播__________________
3.消费者________________________4.信号，暗号___________________
5.快乐__________________________6.方便，便利___________________
E.短语翻译:
1.比…优越______________________2.上市，面市_______________________
3.各种各样的________________________4.给……上发条__________________________
5.涌现，迅猛发展______________________
Step2Pre-reading导读
Fastreadingforgeneralideas
方法指导：Gothroughthepassageasquicklyaspossibleandtrytofindanswerstothetwoquestions.Justfocusonandidentifytheinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.
1.Wheredidthewriterfindthispieceofwriting?

2.Whatisitabout?

Detailedreadingforimportantinformation
(Explanation)
本文为科技类的说明文，信息量很大，时间跨度很长，但其中内容多为客观事实，从语言学习的角度，只需了解即可。所以阅读的重点应在于如何获取信息和如何进行信息分类等，需要深层次理解的内容其实并不多。但鉴于今后在学习和工作中会遇到大量此类文章，面对信息量巨大且看似枯燥的这篇文章，如何迅速高效地抓住关键信息？
通过快速浏览课文，找出关键字词，如：development、history、in1925、laterin1928等一系列时间指示语，从而抓住文章的脉络，即时间线索，再依次找到有关其发展历史的关键信息。
1.ReadingthedevelopmentofTV
Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytogetthemostimportantinformationinsuchalongpassage?________________________________
Fillintheeventhappeninginaparticularyear.
1925WirelessTVtransmissions,USA1923-1927______________________
1928___________________________1928-1929______________________
1929___________________________1948___________________________
1951___________________________1962___________________________
1989___________________________1996___________________________
2.Readingthehistoryofaudiodevices
1877Thefirstrecordingofahumanvoice1931_____________________________
1948_____________________________1954_____________________________
1958_____________________________1979_____________________________
1982_____________________________1986_____________________________
1987_____________________________1992_____________________________
3.Trueorfalseexercises(Page4PartC1)
4.Detailedquestions
1.WhyisitstilluncertainwhoinventedTV?

2.WhyaredigitalTVsuperiortosatelliteTV?

3.WhatadvantagehasthenewconceptofWebTVbroughttopeoplesinceitwasintroducedin1996?

4.Whatwerethemajordisadvantagesofthefirstrecordplayer?

5.WhatdidthepopularityofMP3resultin?

5.Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext:
1)Whenandwherewasthefirstlong-distanceTVbroadcastmade?
A.In1925intheUSA.B.In1926intheUK.C.In1928intheUK.D.In1928inboththeUSAandtheUK.
2)WhomightbetheinventorofthefirstTV?
A.VladimirZworykinfromRussia.B.PhiloFarnsworthintheUSA.
C.JohnLogieBairdfromScotland.D.Itremainsuncertain.
3)HowmanycountrieshaveputdigitalTVintooperationaccordingtothepassage?
A.Onlyone.B.Alreadytwo.C.Atmostthree.D.Atleastfour.
4)WhomighthaveattributedtothedevelopmentoftheWalkman?
A.TwoJapaneseengineers.B.ThreeAmericanscientists.
C.ThomasEdison.D.EmileBerliner.
5)WhatisthemainfactorthatcausesthespringupofmusicwebsitesallovertheInternet?
A.ThepopularityofWalkman.B.ThedevelopmentoftheMDplayer.
C.ThedevelopmentofMPstechnology.D.ThewideuseofDiscman.
6)Fromthepassageweknowthat______.
A.satelliteTVdeliverscleanerpicturesthandigitalTV.
B.55%ofhouseholdsinChinawerereceivingdigitalTVsignalsby2004.
C.WebTVistheTVsetcombinedwiththeWorldWideWeb.
D.morecolorthanblack-and-whiteTVsetswerebeingusedbefore1967
6.Fillintheblankswithwordsgiveninthebox.(Page5PartE)
Step3Readingstrategy:understandingsubtitles
Subtitlesappearaftertitlesandgiveyoumoreinformationaboutthetextthanthetitles.
Subtitlescanshowhowatextisorganized.Readthetextagainandfigureouthowthistextisorganized.Completethefollowingchart.
TV
(Inorderoftime){
Audiodevices
(Bytypesofequipment){

Step4掌握分析下列句子并译成汉语。

1.(Line3)Regularpublicbroadcastingfollowedshortlyafter,firstbeginningon11May1928inNewYork.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.(Line17)SatelliteswereusedtobroadcastTVbeginningin1962.wwW.JAb88.Com

__________________________________________________________________
3.(Line36)1931wastheyearwhenaGermancompanybegantomakethefirsttaperecorders,whichcouldrecordandplaysoundsonatapewoundaroundaroundobject.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.(Line50)ThisislikeaminiCDplayerbutcanalsorecordmusicandisveryeasytocarry,beingverysmall,asthename“mini”indicates.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Step5随堂检测：

TVandaudiodevices:areview

TV

Earlyhistory*Threemen,VladimirZworykin,PhiloFarnsworthandJohnLogieBaird,wereconsideredtohavemadethegreatest1._______tothedevelopmentofTV.
*ThefirstpublicTVbroadcastwasmadein2._______intheUSA.
*Colorbroadcastsbeganin1951,over3._______yearsaftercolorTVwasfirstshownin1929.

Modernage
*CableTVbeganintheUSAin1948.
*4.________satellitestobroadcastTVbeganin1962.
*5.________standardsfordigitalTVweresetin1989andconsumersintheUSAhadaccessto200channelsin1994.
*WebTVset-topboxesfirstcameontothemarketin1996,which6.________theTVsetwiththeInternet.

Audiodevices
Earlyhistory*ThomasEdison7.________ahumanvoicein1877forthefirsttime
*EmileBerlinerinventedthefirstrecordplayerin1887.
*ThefirstLPsweremade8._____in1958.
Taperecordersandplayers*Thefirsttaperecorders,whichcouldrecordandplaysoundsonatape,weremadein9._______in1931.
*ThetransistorwasinventedbythreeAmericansin1948.TwoyoungJapaneseengineersboughtthe10.________andcreatedthetransistorradio.
*11._______sawthebirthofcassetterecorders.
*TheWalkmanwasintroducedin1979.
12.______technology*ThefirstCDscameontothemarketin1982.ThenextnewdevelopmentwastheMDplayer.
*MP3technologywasfirst13.________byGermansin1987.ThankstothepopularityofMP3players,alotofmusicwebsitesofferingsMP3music14.________allovertheInternet
Step6课后学习：
1.复习巩固本课时讲义重要内容,熟读课文。
2.划出课文中短语。
学习感悟：
1.我学会了：________________________________________________________________
2.我的困惑是(还有哪些不理解的地方)：_________________________________________

M7Unit1Livingwithtechnology
Welcometotheunitandreading
Keys:
Fastreading
1.Onthedisplayboardsatamediaandtechnologyexhibition.
2.ThedevelopmentofTVandradiodevices.

Step1ReadingthedevelopmentofTV
Followthechronologicalorder(inorderoftime)
1925WirelessTVtransmissions
1923-1927EarlyformsofTVinvented
1928firstlong-distanceTVbroadcast
1928-1929Regularpublicbroadcasting
1929ColorTVshown
1948CableTV
1951Colorbroadcasts
1962SatelliteTV
1989InternationalstandardsfordigitalTV
1996WebTVset-upboxes
Step2Readingthehistoryofaudiodevices

1877Thefirstrecordingofahumanvoice
1931Thefirsttaperecorders
1948Transistorinvented
1954Cassetterecordersdeveloped
1958ThefirstLPs(long-playrecords)
1979TheWalkmanintroduced
1982ThefirstCDsproduced
1986WalkmanwasaddedtotheOxfordEnglishdictionary
1987DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedinGermany
1992TheMDplayerwasdeveloped
Step3Detailedquestions
1.BecausemanypeoplecontributedtothedevelopmentofTV
2.BecausedigitalTVallowsthesameservicestobedeliveredwithclearerpicturesthanbefore.
3.WebTVset-topboxescombinestheTVsetwiththeWorldWideWeb.WithinteractiveTVprogramming,youcanplayalongwithgameshows,respondtoquestionnairesandchattootherviewers.
4.Thefirstrecordplayerhadtobewoundupbyhandandonlyplayedarecordfortwominutes.
5.MajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.

Step4Trueorfalseexercises
True:1267False:345
Step5Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext:
DDBACC
Readingstrategy:understandingsubtitles
TVEarlyhistoryofTV
(Inorderoftime){Themodernage:cableTV,satelliteTV,digitalTV
Audiodevices
Earlyhistoryofaudiodevices
(Bytypesofequipment){Taperecordersandplayers
Soundgoesdigital
Fillintheblankswithwordsgiveninthebox.

1.wireless2.broadcasting3.Britain4.65

5.2006.households7.households8.recorders9.compact10.Germany

随堂检测：
1.contributions2.19253.204.Using5.International6.combines7.recorded8.available
9.Germany10.patent

扩展阅读

高三英语Livingwithtechnology教案

一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要好好准备好一份教案课件。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收，帮助教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能写好呢？以下是小编为大家精心整理的“高三英语Livingwithtechnology教案”，仅供参考，希望能为您提供参考！

M7Unit1Livingwithtechnology
单元测试
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
1.Ifeltquite________whatIwassupposedtodothen.
A.unsureofB.uncertainaboutC.certainD.sure
2.Hesaidhewouldcome;Hedidn’t,________.
A.evenifB.eventhoughC.althoughD.though
3.Ten________thestudentsareabsent.
A.percentofB.percentageofC.percentD.percentage
4.They_____invitediftherehadbeenroom.
A.wouldhavebeenallB.wouldhaveallbeen
C.allwouldhavebeenD.wouldallhavebeen
5.Theydrovealongwithallthecarwindows________.
A.woundupB.windingonC.windedupD.windup
6.Themotherdiedwhenthechildwasborn,soithadtobebroughtup________.
A.withahandB.byhandC.bythehandD.athand
7.Applysomemedicine______hiswound.
A.onB.forC.toD.in
8.Thelandladyledtheway________thetenantaroundherhouse.
A.inshowingB.showingC.intoshowD.showingin
9.Scientificexperiments__studentswithouttheteacher’sinstructionscanbedangerous.
A.carryoutB.carryingoutbyC.carryingbyD.carriedoutby
10.________isknowntousall,onlythetheory________practicecanbepractical.
A.Which,baseonB.Which,basedonC.As,basedonD.As,basingon
11.---Howcomeasimplemeallikethiscostssomuch?
---Wehave________inyourbillthecostoftheteapotyoubrokejustnow.
A.addedB.includedC.obtainedD.charged
12.Goodworkersarealways________inthefactory.
A.indemandB.onneedC.byrequestD.forrequirement
13.Thesituationishardto________,becauseheisn’tamaneasyto________.
A.bedealt,communicateB.bedealtwith,becommunicated
C.dealwith,communicatewithD.deal,becommunicatedwith
14.________theirfriendshipgrewintolove.
A.BydegreeB.BydegreesC.TodegreeD.Todegrees
15.Shepassedtheentranceexameasily,_________ofherfamily.
A.withthedelightB.withdelightC.tothedelightD.tothedelights
二、完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分）
NeverMissTheChance
EachspringbringsanewblossomofwildflowersintheditchesalongthehighwayItravel_16_towork.
Thereisoneparticularblueflowerthathasalwayscaughtmyeye.Ivenoticedthatitbloomsonlyinthe_17hours,theafternoonsunistoowarmforit.Everydayforapproximatelytwoweeks,Iseethosebeautifulflowers.
Thisspring,I_18awildflowergardeninouryard.Icanlookoutofthekitchenwindowwhile_19_thedishesandseetheflowers.Ive_20_thoughtthatthoselovelyblueflowersfromtheditchwouldlook_21_inthatbedalongsideotherwildflowers.EverydayIdrovepasttheflowers_22_,"Illstoponmywayhomeanddigthem.""Gee,Idontwanttogetmygoodclothesdirty..."_23_thereason,Ineverstoppedtodigthem.Myhusbandevengavemeafoldingshoveloneyearformytrunktobeusedforthat_24_purpose.
Onedayonmywayhomefromwork,I_25_toseethatthehighwaydepartmenthadmowedtheditchesandtheprettyblueflowerswere_26_.Ithoughttomyself,"Waytogo,youwaitedtoolong.Youshouldhavedoneitwhenyoufirstsawthem_27thisspring."
Aweekagowewere_28andsaddenedtolearnthatmyoldestsister-in-lawhasaterminalbraintumor.Sheis20yearsolderthanmyhusbandand_29_,becauseofageanddistance,wehaventbeenas_30asweallwouldhaveliked.Icouldnthelpbut_31theconnectionbetweentheprettyblueflowersandthe_32_betweenmyhusbandssisterandus.IdobelievethatGodhasgivenussometime_33_toplantsomewonderful_34_thatwillbloomeveryyearforus.
Andyes,ifIseetheblueflowersagain,youcanbetIllstopand_35_themtomywildflowergarden.
16.A.everydayB.dailyC.DaylyD.oneday
17.A.morningB.eveningC.nightD.noon
18.A.beganB.putC.startedD.set
19.A.doneB.doC.doingD.todo
20.AseldomB.hardlyC.oftenD.never
21.A.greatB.greatlyC.wellD.greater
22.A.thoughtB.thinkingC.consideringD.considered
23.A.WhyB.HoweverC.WhateverD.Whenever
24.A.expressingB.expressedC.expressD.toexpress
25.A.wassaddenedB.saddenedC.sadD.havesaddened
26.A.missedB.goingC.losingD.gone
27.A.openingB.bloomingC.becomingD.moving
28.A.surprisingB.shockedC.movedD.shocking
29.A.fortunatelyB.luckilyC.unluckyD.unfortunately
30.A.closedB.nearC.closeD.nearby
31.A.seeB.toseeC.seeingD.saw
32.A.friendshipB.leadershipC.hardshipD.relationship
33.A.remainedB.leavingC.leftD.remain
34.A.rememberB.memorialC.memoriesD.memory
35.A.plantB.growC.transplantD.transport
三．阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
May:HappeningsfromthePast
May5,1884
IssacMurphy,sonofaslaveandperhapsthegreatesthorseriderinAmericanhistory,ridesBuchanantowinhisfirstKentuckyDerby.Hebecomesthefirstriderevertowintheracethreetimes.
May9,1754
BenjaminFranklin’sPennsylvaniagazetteproducesperhapsthefirstAmericanpoliticalcartoon(漫画),showingasnakecutinpieceswiththewords“JoinorDie”printedunderthepicture.
May11,1934
ThefirstgreatduststormoftheGreatPlainsDustBowl,theresultofyearsofdrought(干旱),blowstopsoilallthewaytoNewYorkCityandWashington,D.C.
May19,1994
JacquelineLeeBouvierKennedyOnassis,formerfirstladyandoneofthemostfamouspeopleofthe1960sdiedofcancerinNewYorkCityattheageof64.
May24,1844
SamuelF.BMorsetapsoutthefirstmessage,“WhathathGodwrought,”overtheexperimentallong-distancetelegraphlinewhichrunsfromWashington,D.C.,toBaltimore,Md.
36.WeknowfromthetextthatBuchananis_______.
A.Isaac’sfatherB.awinninghorse
C.aslavetakingcareofhorsesD.thefirstracinghorseinKentucky
37.WhatisthetitleofthefirstAmericanpoliticalcartoon?
A.JoinorDieB.PennsylvaniaGazette
C.WhatHathGodWroughtD.KentuckyDerby
38.InwhichyeardidtheformerfirstladyJacquelinedie?
A.1934B.1960C.1964D.1994
39.Whichofthefollowingplaceshastodowiththefirsttelegraminhistory?
A.Washingto,D.C.B.NewYorkCityC.KentuckyD.Pennsylvania

B
Iwasthemiddlechildofthree，buttherewasagapoffiveyearsoneitherside，andIhardlysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely.Ihadthelonelychildshabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginarypersons，andIthinkfromtheverystartmyliteraryambitions（文学志向）weremixedupwiththefeelingofbeingisolated（孤独）andundervalued.IknewthatIhadanaturalabilitywithwordsandapoweroffacingunpleasantfacts，andIfeltthatthiscreatedasortofprivateworldinwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife.
However,thequantityofseriouswritingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodwouldnotadduptohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive，mymothertakingitdowntodictation.Icannotrememberanythingaboutitexceptthatitwasaboutatigerandthetigerhad"chair-liketeeth”--agoodenoughexpression.Ateleven，whenthewarof1914-18brokeout,Iwroteapoemwhichwasprintedinthelocal（地方的）newspaper,aswasanother,twoyearslater,onthedeathofKitchener.Fromtimetotime,whenIwasabitolder,Iwrotebadandusuallyunfinished"naturepoems".Ialso,abouttwice，attemptedashortstorywhichwasafailure.Thatwasthetotalofthewould-beseriousworkthatIactuallysetdownonpaperduringallthoseyears.
40.Theunderlinedword“it"inparagraph2refersto_____.
A.thequantityofseriouswritingB.thewritersfirstpoem
C.thewriterschildhoodD.thetigerinthepoem
41.Fromthetext,welearnthatasalittleboythewriter＿．
A.hadnoplaymates
B.showedhisgiftforwriting
C.putoutlotsofpoemsandstories
D.gothisfirstpoempublishedin1916.
42.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriter?
A.Hewasleastfavouredinhisfamily.
B.Hehadmuchdifficultyintalkingwithothers.
C.Hehadanunhappychildhoodforlackofcare.
D.Hislonelinessresultedinhisinterestinwriting.
C
LONDONThursdayJustRead—EddymissedhisgirlfriendsomadeheflewbacktoBritainfromAustraliatopropose(求婚)　toher.Theproblemisshedidthesameintheoppositedirection.
HeandAnnaevenmanagedtomisseachotherwhentheysatinthesameairportwaitingroominSingaporeathesametimetowaitforconnectingflights.
Anna,heartbroken,whenshearrivedatEddy’sSydneyflattofindhehadflowntoLondon,toldThetimes:“Itwasasthoughsomeonewasplayingacrueljokeonus.”
“HeisthemostromanticpersonIhaveeverknown.Ithinkourproblemisthatwearebothquiteimpulsive(冲动的)people.Wearealwaystryingtosurpriseeachother.”
Afteran11,000-mileflightacrosstheglobe,shewasgreetedbyEddy’sastonishedroommateaskingwhatshewasdoing.
Eddy,a27-year-oldengineertakenyearofftotravelroundAustralia.ButhewasmissingAnna,a26-yearsecretary,somuchhegotajobonaSydneybuildingsite(工地)andstartedsavingforasurprise.
HethenflewhometoBritainandwenttoherflatarmedwithanengagement(订婚)　ring,wineandflowers..
“IreallymissedAnnaandI’dbeenthinkingaboutherallthetime.IwassoexcitedwhenshephonedmefromAustralia,”hesaid.
EddythenaskedAnnatomarryhimonthephone.“Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughorcrybutIaccepted,”shesaid.
AnnawasgivenatourofSydneybyEddy’sfriendsbeforegoingbackhome.EddyandtostayinBritainfortwoweeksbecausehecouldnotchangehisticket.
43.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphtellus?
A.AnnaflewtoBritainfromAustraliatomarryhim.
B.AnnaflewtoAustraliafromBritaintomarryhim.
C.AnnaflewtoBritainfromAustraliatoproposetohim.
D.AnnaflewtoAustraliafromBritaintoproposetohim.
44.Theunderlinedword“miss”inparagraph2mostprobablymeans_______.
A.escapefromB.failtounderstandC.failtomeetD.longtosee
45.EddygotajobonaSydneybuildingsitebecausehe________.
A.wantedtotravelroundAustraliaB.neededmoneytopayhisdailycost
C.wasanengineeratthisbuildingsiteD.hopedtomakemoneyfromthisjob
46.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEddyandAnnaaccordingtothetext?
A.EddyproposedtoAnnaonthephoneandAnnaaccepted.
B.AnnastayedinAustraliawaitingforEddy’sarrival.
C.AnnabadagoodtimetouringSydneywithDaddy.
D.EddymetAnnaintheairportwaitingroombychance.

D
CafeHub
NexttotheCastleliesTheHub,homeoftheEdinburghInternationalFestivalandoneofthemosttalkedaboutspotsintown.Ourcafeisopeneverydayformouth-wateringlunches,snacksandfinedining.ComeinandenjoytheClub,Castleill.RoyalMile,Edinburgh.Openeverydayfrom9:30a.m.tilllate.
Tel:01314732067
FarmWorld
Enjoybeing“AFarmerforaDay”.Joinindeliveringandfeedingourspringbabis-bottlefeedingsessionstwicedaily.Funforallfamily.HorseRides,BMXBikesCrossCountryCourse,Tractorthrough600acres,NewAdventurePlayground.NatureTrails.Fulldetailsonwebsite.
Open:May-OctWednesdaystoSaturdaysanddailyduringschoolholidays11a.m.-p.m.
Tel:01797260256/260321petition!
Areyoucurious,creativeandenergetic?Areyouinterestedinthenewmedia?Areyoubetween12and19yearsofage?ThenJoinmultimedia2006isforyou!
YourchallengewillbetobuildateamanddevelopamultimediapresentationinEnglish-basedononeofthreedifferenttopics.Youcanregister(报名)betweenMay1andJune15,2006andwillhavetoturninyourentrybeforeSeptember15.2006.
Therewardsarewonderful150,000inpriceforschoolsandthechanceto-attendaEuropeanstudentcamp-plusnewexperiences,anopportunitytomakefriendsthroughoutEurope!
Forfurtherinformationandregistrationformsgoto;petition
D.towatchtheworldgobyfromthebeautifulterrace
48.Accordingtothepassage,therewillbe______rewardsfortheEurope-widestudentcompetition.
A.onlyoneB.twoC.threeD.four
49.YoucanvisitFarmWorld________.
A.onMondayinMayB.anydayinOctober
C.at2p.m.atChristmasD.at10:30a.m.duringschoolholidays
50.Fromtheadvertisementsabove,wecanlearnthat_______.
A.CafeHubisapopularplaceinthelocalarea
B.familiescanenjoyHorseRidesonNewAdventurePlayground
C.FarmWorldprovideslunches,snacksandfinedining.
D.theEurope-widestudentcompetitionwillbeheldonJune15.2006
四：单词拼写：（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）
51.Somecompaniesdonotcareaboutthenecessarysafetymeasuresor_________
(卫生)toprotectthepeopleworkingforthem.
52.Whenmanyofusenjoy________(充裕的)comfort,wewouldliketoaskyoutoopenyour
hearttothepoor,whosesufferingsaregreat.
53.Ourfirst_________(目的地)wasIndianCreekinKansas,whichwasthenthefrontier.
54.Theanimalsd_______theirlegs,tooweaktopulltheirburden.
55.Theirtongueshungoutin_______(极严重的)needofwater.
56.Formanyweekswehadbeena_________toseeinghorsesandoxensuffering
fromheat,thirst,andstarvation.
57.Ina________ofreachingaplaceofsafety,noonestoppedtolookforhelp.
58.People(反应)_______toadvertisementsindifferentways.
59.Ontheotherhand,criticssometimesa________companiesofusingadstomislead
usbymakingusbelievethatacertainproductisbetterthanitreallyis.
60.Therearesomeadsthatarenothelpful.These“badads”usei_______ways
tomisleadconsumers.
51、_________52、_________53、_________54、_________55、_________
56、_________57、__________58、__________59、__________60、_________
五、书面表达（共25分）
李阳“疯狂英语”在你校进行了为期一周的“疯狂”训练，全体学生积极参与，并取得了良好的效果。其实，要想学好英语，必须有一定的语法知识，大量积累词汇，听说读写全面训练，学会用英语进行思考，才能掌握学好英语的精髓。请你据此写一篇关于如何学好英语的文章，要有适当的发挥。字数：150词左右。

参考答案
一、1-5.BDADA6-10.BCADC11-15.BACBC
二、16B17A18C19C20C21A22B23C24B25A26D27B28B29D30C31A32D33C34C35C
三．36-40BADAB41-45BDDCD46-50ACBCA
四．51.hygiene52.abundant53.destination54.dragged55.desperate
56.accustomed57.anxiety58.react59.accuse60.illegal
五．Onepossibleversion:
HowtolearnEnglishwell
SomepeoplethinkthatifwewanttolearnEnglishwellwemustlearnEnglishgrammarwellfirstifall.Othersbelievethatwecan’tlearnEnglishwellunlesswekeepinmindasmanyEnglishwordsandphrasesaspossible.
Inmyopinion,grammarrules,newwordsandphrasesareveryessentialinlearningEnglish,buttheyarenotenough.Forexample,someofmyclassmatesarequitegoodatgrammarandhavelearnedbyheartalotofEnglishwordsandphrases,yettheycan’texpressthemselvesinEnglishfreelywhentheymeetforeigners.
ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwell,Ithink,istolearnanduseitallthetime.Don’tbeafraidofbeinglaughedat.We’dbetterdolotsoflistening,speaking,readingandwriting.IfyoucanformthehabitofthinkingandwritinginEnglishallday,youaresuretograspthespiritofEnglishandwillbeabletoreadworksinEnglishwithinashortperiodoftime.

高三英语《Livingwithtechnology》学案牛津版

高三英语《Livingwithtechnology》学案牛津版

Livingwithtechnology
新课标单词
reviewn.回顾，综述wirelessadj.无线的uncertainadj.不确定的
long-distanceadj.长途的，远距离的broadcastn.播送，广播
broadcastingn.播送，广播altogetheradv.总共，一共；完全，全部
agen.时superioradj.优越的，占优势的consumern.消费者
signaln.信号；暗号questionnairen.问卷，调查表playvt.播放
recordingn.录音，录音制品windvt.上发条；缠，绕
recordn.唱片electricadj.电的patentn.专利
applyvt.vi.应用，运用；申请portableadj.便携的，手提的
pocket-sizedadj.口袋大小的，袖珍的demandvt.,vi.n.需要
degreen.程度；度，度数；学位varietyn.多样，种
springvi.跳跃；弹起personallyadv.从个人角度，主观地；亲自
delightn.喜悦，快乐，高兴vt.vi.（使）高兴，（使）欣喜
evolutionn.演变，演化，进化birthplacen.出生地，诞生地
assumevt.假设，设想，以为conveniencen.方便，便利
merelyadv.仅仅，只有accompanyvt.陪伴，陪同
ownershipn.所有权，物主身份anyhowadv.无论如何，不管怎样
selectionn.可选之物；所选之物；选择，挑选budgetn.预算
familiaradj.熟悉的all-roundadj.功能齐全的；全方位的，全面的
weighvi.重量为……vt.称……的重量，称cautionn.谨慎，小心
measurevt.vi.测量，度量shapevt.使成形；塑造，制造
elegantlyadv.优雅高雅地，优美地suitableadj.合适的，适合的
scanvt.扫描；细看，审视；浏览casen.套子；盒子，匣子
elegantadj.优雅高雅的，优美的necessarilyadv.必然，必须
guaranteen.保证；商品使用保证advancementn.促进，增进；进步；
exposevt.使暴露显露；使暴光；使处于…作用影响之下，使遭受
equaladj.相等的；平等的actualadj.真实的，实际的
linkn.联系，关联validadj.有理的，有效的，令人信服的
theoryn.理论，原理，学说；意见，看法，推测，假说
profitn.利润，利益，赢利unwillingadj.不愿意的，不情愿的
thusadv.因此，因而acknowledgevt.承认，认可
faithn.相信，信任；信仰，信念honestadj.诚实的，真诚的
conferencen.会议，研讨会worryingadj.令人担忧的
课文出现短语
1.keepintouchwith
2.shortlyafter
3.contributeto
4.consider…tobe
5.besuperiorto
6.haveaccessto
7.comeontothemarket
8.combine…with
9.respondto
10.add…to
11.forthefirsttime(ever)
12.springup
13.windup
14.moveonto
15.It’suptoyoutodo
16.upto(threeminutes)
17.lookinto
18.headfor
19.standfor
20.intimefor
21.avarietyof
22.bymeansof
23.byaccident
24.bymistake
25.uptodate
26.capableof
27.inparticular
28.aboveall
29.providesbwithsth.
30.bebasedon
31.concentrateon
32.notnecessarily
33.beexposedto
34.theamountof
35.beequalto
36.partof
37.previousto
38.pointout
39.beunwillingtodosth
40.beassociatedwith
41.havefaithin
42.forthetimebeing
43.beconfidentof
44.inthatcase
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1.Thismodelisthenewestandmostuptodate.Itonlyw________60grams.
2.Thatkindofelectronicdictionariesiselegantlyshaped,especiallys_____forpeoplewithareadingdisability.
3.Thelatestmodelsofmobilephonesareonsale.Wouldyouliketoa_____metohavealook?
4.A_________,Iappreciateforyourinvitation.ButI’mtoobusytogoforit.
5.Ourelectricalbikeshavegoodqualityandaone-yearg__________.
6.Whocanstillhavef_________inyoudespiteyourshortcomings?
7.Thisisabigschoolcontainingabout2,000studentsa_________

高二英语Livingwithtechnology教案

Module7ImprovingourlivesUnit1LivingwithtechnologyWelcometotheunitUsefulwords

dustcatcher吸尘器flatiron[flt,ain]熨斗electricricecooker电锅electromagneticoven电磁炉electroniccalculator计算器electricfan电风扇hairdryer干发器gramophone留声机

radiation辐射antennae[nten]天线

Usefulphrasesbeinventedtomeetpeople’sneeds为满足民众的需求而被发明improvepeople’slivestosomedegree在一定程度上改善了人民的生活LanguagePoints1.Technologicaldevelopmentsinthelastfewdecadeshavebeenbreathtaking.

breathtaking

adj.veryimpressive,exciting,orsurprising

abreathtakingcarrace惊险的汽车比赛

thebreathtakingnaturalbeauty/sceneryoftherainforests热带雨林令人惊叹的自然美景

2.EarlyTVwasinblackandwhiteandhadfuzzypictures.

fuzzy

adj.unclear;coveredwithsoftshorthair/fur失真的;模糊的

afewfuzzymemoriesofhisgrandparents对祖父母的一些模糊的记忆

afuzzyvideotapeofthebankrobbery一盘模糊的银行劫案的录像带

3.Withmobilephones,wecankeepintouchwithotherswhereverweare.

however

作连词，不管用什么方法Youcantravelhoweveryoulike.

作副词，“无论如何”、“不管怎样”Youwontmovethatstone,howeverstrongyouare.

作副词，“究竟怎么”（表示惊奇）Howeverdidyougetherewithoutacar?whenever

作连词，“任何时候”Illdiscussitwithyouwheneveryoulike.作副词，“任何时间”“任何时候”HemightturnuponMonday,orFriday,orwhenever,andexpecttobegivenameal.

wherever

作连词，“在任何地方”、“到任何地方”、“在任何情况下”Sitwhereveryoulike.

whatever

作代词,无论,不管Keepcalm,whateverhappens

作代词，任何,每样Wewillbegratefulforwhateveramountyoucanafford.orwhatever:或其他类似的事物Takeanysportbasketball,icehockey,swimmingorwhatever.作形容词，“任何的”、“无论什么的”、“任何种类、程度等的”Takewhatevermeasuresyouconsiderbest.

touch

取得/保持联系WereinclosetouchwithourofficeinSpain.

losetouch失去联系Welosttouchovertheyears4.Howhavedifferentelectronicdeviceschangedovertime?

electronic电子的electricityn.

electric用(带)电的，产生电的

electrical和电有关的，电的+moregeneralnouns

electronicdictionaries/music/banking/mail

anelectriccable/blanket/fan/cooker

electricalequipment/devices/appliances

anelectricalfault/engineer

anelectric(al)company/current/shockReading

PartA1.WhendidregularpublicTVbroadcastingbeginaroundtheworld?Itbeganon11May1928inNewYorkandinLondonon20Agugust1929.2.WhatisWebTV?ItistheTVsetcombinedwiththeWorldWideWeb.3.Whatwasinventedin1954?Thecassetterecorder.PartC1TTFFFTT

PartC2YearEvent1877Firstrecordingofahumanvoicewasmade1925FirstpublicshowingsofwirelessTVtransmissionsweremadeintheUSA.1948CableTVbeganintheUSA;3Americanscientistsinventedthetransistor1951ColorbroadcastsbeganintheUSA.1954Inventionoftransistorledtothedevelopmentofcassetterecorders1958FirstLPs(long-playrecords)cameontothemarket1962SatellitebegantobeusedtobroadcastTV.1982FirstCDsproducedbyusingdigitaltechnologyweremadeavailable1987DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedinGermany1989InternationalstandardsfordigitalTVwereestablished1992DevelopmentofMDpalyerbegan.1996FirstWebTVset-topboxescameontothemarket.LanguagePoints1.SomeconsiderdigitalTVtobesuperiortosatelliteTV.(page2,line19)

consider

beoftheopinion;regardsb/sthassth认为;视某人[某事物]为:Weconsiderthatyouarenottoblame.我们认为不该责怪你.
*Weconsiderthis(tobe)veryimportant.我们认为这非常重要.
*Doyouconsideritwisetointerfere?你认为应该干预吗?
*Hewillbeconsideredaweakleader.他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人.
*apaintingpreviouslyconsideredasworthless,butwhichnowturnsouttobeveryvaluable一幅先前认为毫无价值的画,现在却变成了珍品
*Hesgenerallyconsideredtohavethefinesttenorvoiceinthecountry.现在公认他是该国最佳的男高音歌手.
*(formal)Hesverywellconsidered(ifpeoplehaveahighopinionofhim)withinthecompany.他在公司中受到很高的评价.

*Consideryourself(ifYouare)underarrest.你已被逮捕.

superiorn.长者,高手,上级besuperiorto“比……好,比…..强”Inmyopinion,trousersmadebyhandaresuperiortothosemadebymachines.

在我看来,手工制作的裤子要比机器加工的好.

Ofthetwobooks,Ithinkthisoneissuperiortothat.

就这两本书而言,我认为这本比那本更好.

Wewillneedaletterofrecommendationfromoneofyoursuperiors.
我们需要一封你们领导写的推荐信.

immediatesuperiors顶头上司superiority[sju:,piririti]n.优越,高傲[化]优越性2.Atthattime,therecordplayerhadtobewoundupbyhandandonlyplayedarecordfortwominutes(page3,line31-32)

windtoturnortwistThenursewoundabandagearoundmyfingersothatbleedingcouldbestopped.

Thelittleboywoundhisarmsaroundhismother’swaistandpreventedherleaving.

Remembertowindtheclockeverynightbeforeyougotobedifyoudonotwantittostop.

3.ThiscombinestheTVsetwiththeworldWideWeb.(page2,line25)

combine…with…tojoinsomethingtogetherwithAgoodwayofteachingchildrenistocombineteachingwithpleasure.

Theoryshouldbecombinedwithpractice.

Inwater,twoatomsofhydrogenarecombinedwithanatomofoxygen.

4.Itallbeganin1877whenThomasEdisonmadethefirstrecordingofahumanvoice.(page3,lines29-30)

recording

l[C]soundorpicturesthathavebeenrecordedontape,video,etc:acassette/tape/videorecording◆ahitrecordingoncassetteandCD◆arecordingofEnglishmusicforclarinetandorchestra

l[U]theprocessofmakingarecord,tape,film/movie,etc:duringtherecordingoftheshow◆recordingequipment/techniques◆arecordingsession/studio

l[U]theprocessoractofwritingdownandstoringinformationforofficialpurposes:therecordingoffinancialtransactions

makearecordingof录制

5.Theyboughtthepatentandappliedthetechnologytocreatethetransistorradio.(page3,lines39-40)

applytobringorputintouseoroperation运用,应用某事物toapplyeconomicsanctions/politicalpressure◆Thenewtechnologywasappliedtofarming.

Scientificdiscoveriesareoftenappliedtoindustrialprocesses.科学上的发明通常都应用于工业生产过程.

makeaformalrequest申请;请求

Youshouldapplyimmediately,inpersonorbyletter.你应该立即申请,亲自去也好,写信也好.

*applytothepublishersforpermissiontoreprintanextract向出版者请求准予转印节录

*applyforajob,post,passport,visa申请工作﹑职位﹑护照﹑签证.

make(alaw,etc)operateorbecomeeffective使（法律等）实施或生效

applyalaw/rule/precept执行法律[规则/规程]*applyeconomicsanctions施行经济制裁.6.Inthefollowingyears,moreCDrecordingsbecameavailable,andin1988,forthefirsttimeever,peopleweredemandingmoreCDsthanLPs.(page3,lines48-49)

demandneed,toneedinordertobesuccessful需求（某事物）;需要demand+n/prnoun/toinfinitive/objectclauseThissortofworkdemandsgreatpatience.这种工作需要极大耐性.
*Doestheletterdemandanimmediateanswer?=Mustitbeansweredatonce?

Theworkofateacherdemandsgreatcareandpatience.教师的工作需要极大的细心和耐心.

demandaskfor(sth)asifoneiscommanding,orasifonehasarighttodoso要求,请求（某事物）demandanapology(fromsb)要求（某人）道歉

*Theworkersaredemandingbetterpay.工人要求提高工资.

Shedemandedtospeaktothemanager.她要求跟经理谈话.

Hedemandsthathe(should)betold/demandstobetoldeverything.他要求将一切都告诉他.

demand(forsbtodosth);~(forsth/that...)
command,orsthwhichisgivenasifitwasacommand要求;请求receiveataxdemand接到纳税通知Itisimpossibletosatisfyallyourdemands.满足你所有的要求是不可能的.TherehavebeenfreshdemandsforthePrimeMinistertoresign.人们最近不断要求首相辞职.*demandsforreform/thatthereshouldbereform改革要求.supplyanddemand[经]供应与需求7.DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedin1987inGermanyandsincethebeginningof1999,thepopularityofMP3hasincreasedtosuchadegreethatmajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.(page3,lines53-56)

degree[C,U]steporstageinascaleorseries程度;等级Sheshowsahighdegreeofskillinherwork.她在工作中表现出高度的技巧.

Hewasnotintheslightestdegreeinterested,iewascompletelyuninterested.他丝毫不感兴趣.

*Towhatdegree(=Towhatextent,Howmuch)washeinvolvedinthecrimes?他在多大程度上参与了这些犯罪活动?

Thechildrenhavedifferentdegreesofability.孩子的能力高低各不相同.

Towhatdegreecantheybetrusted.对他们能信任到什么程度.

Towhatdegreeissheinterestedinfilms?她对电影的兴趣都到了什么程度了?8.BecauseofthepopularityofMP3players,musicwebsiteshavesprungupallovertheInternetofferingMP3musicforpeopletopurchase.(page3,lines57-58)

springupappear,develop,grow,etcquicklyorsuddenly迅速地或突然地出现﹑发展﹑生长等weedsspringingupeverywhere很快长得到处都是的杂草

Abreezesprangupaswewerereturning.我们回来时突然起了一阵轻风.

Newhouseswerespringingupalloverthetown.全镇各处很快盖起了新房子.

springoutofbedspringtoone’sfeet(=standupsuddenly)springn.春天；弹簧,发条；泉9.GermanywasthebirthplaceofMP3,notJapanortheUSAasIhadassumedtheywouldbe.(page5)

assume

Ididntseeyourcar,soIassumedyoudgoneout.我没有看见你的汽车，所以以为你已经出去了

AssumingthatthispaintingisreallyaVanGogh,howmuchdoyouthinkit’sworth?ImportantWordsdelightverb

[VN]togivesbalotofpleasureandenjoyment:Thisnewswilldelighthisfansallovertheworld.

PhrasalVerbs:delightinsth/doingsth[nopassive]toenjoydoingsthverymuch,especiallysththatmakesotherpeoplefeelembarrassed,uncomfortable,etc.varietyn

[U]qualityofnotbeingthesame,ornotbeingthesameatalltimes

offer,show,lackvariety提供﹑显示出﹑缺乏多样化的事物

*alifefullofchangeandvariety丰富多彩的生活

*Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化.

[sing]~(ofsth)numberorrangeofdifferentthings;assortment若干不同的事物（的混合）

Heleftforavarietyofreasons.他由於种种原因而离开了.

*alarge/widevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom可供选择的种类繁多的花样.

varietystore(US)shopsellingawiderangeofsmallinexpensiveitems杂货铺.WordPowerImportantWords

function

1work;operate起作用;运转:Hisbrainseemstobefunctioningnormally.他的大脑看来功能正常.*Thismachinehasstoppedfunctioning=isoutoforder.这机器坏了.

Wenowhaveafunctioningshower.

2~assthworkassth;operateorperformthefunctionofthethingspecified起某物的作用;具有某物的功能;起到所述事物的作用

Thesofacanalsofunctionasabed.这沙发也可以当床.

SomeEnglishadverbsfunctionasadjectives.英语中有些副词可作形容词用.Grammarandusage

ImportantWords

1.direction(p8)

n.[U]controlorinstruction:命令Theprojectwasunderthedirectionofawell-knownacademic.[C]thepositiontowardswhichsomeoneorsth.movesorfaces:方向TomwentoffinonedirectionandHarryinanother.汤姆朝一个方向走,哈里则朝另一个方向

*Theaircraftwasflyinginanortherlydirection.飞机正在向北飞去.

*Thesignpostpointsinawesterlydirection.路标指向西.[C,pl.]informationorinstructionsaboutwhattodo,wheretogo,howtodosth,etc指南;指示;说明书;用法说明;操作说明:Simpledirectionsforassemblingthemodelareprintedonthebox.盒上印有装配模型的简要说明.

*Igavehimfulldirectionstoenablehimtofindthehouse.我向他作了详细说明,好让他能找到那房子.

[U]management;supervision;guidance管理;监督;指导;指点:

Hedidtheworkundermydirection.他在我的指导下做这件事.

*Shewasentrustedwiththedirectionoftheproject.她受委托负责这项计划.

*Hefeelstheneedforfirmdirection=wantssbtoguideandadvisehim.

directions[pl]addressonaletter,parcel,etc（信件﹑包裹等上的）姓名地址:

Theparcelwasreturnedtothesenderbecausethedirectionswereincorrect.包裹因姓名地址有误而退给了寄件人.2.anyhow(p8)

=ANYWAY,whateverthefactsmaybe;inspiteofthis;atleast无论如何;即使如此;至少Itstoolatenow,anyhow.无论如何现在已经太迟了.*Anyhow,youcantry.至少你可以试试.

inacarelessway;notarrangedinanorder:Shepiledthepapersinaheaponherdesk,justanyhow.

Thebookswerelyingontheshelvesjust/allanyhow.书都乱放在书架上.

*Hemadenotesanyhowacrossthepage.他在那页上胡乱作了些笔记.3.upto(p9)

(a)asamaximumnumberoramount作为最大数量;多达:Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.我的汽车最多能坐四个人.

*countuptotwentyslowly慢慢数到二十.

(b)(alsoupuntilsth)notfurtherorlaterthansth;asfarassth不多於;不迟於;直到:Readuptopage100.读到第100页.*Uptonowhesbeenquiet.他直到此刻仍保持沉默.

*Upuntilthewarshehadneverlivedalone.她在战争爆发前从未独自生活过.

(c)comparablewithsth可与某事物相比:Itsnotuptohisusualstandard.这次没达到他平时的水平.

(d)capableofsth有某种能力的;能胜任:HesnotuptothepartofOthello.他演不了奥赛罗这个角色.

*Idontfeeluptogoingtoworktoday.我今天不舒服,不能上班.

(e)(infml口)occupiedorbusywithsth正在做着或忙於某事物:Whatsheupto?他忙什麽呢?

*Hesuptonogood,iedoingsthbad.他现在没干好事.

*Whattrickshasshebeenupto(=playing)?她搞什麽鬼呢?TaskLanguagePoints1.Noteverythingthatyouhearwillbeequallyimportant.(P10)

并非你听到的每一件事情都同样重要

此句为部分否定句,句意是.=Everythingthatyouhearwillnotbeequallyimportant.在英语中all,both,every,everyone,everything等与否定词not连用时，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。例如：Idon’tknowallofthem.我并不全认识他们。

Idon’tlikebothofthebooks.这两本书我并不都喜欢。

NoteverystudentgoestothefarmonSundays.并非每个学生星期天都去农场。

Noteveryoneinourclasslikesfootball.在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。

若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。如：all→none（一个人也没有、没有任何东西），both→neither（两个都不），every→no，everyone→noone（nobody），everything→nothing等。上述四个例句要表示全部否定应分别为：Iknownoneofthem.他们我都不认识。

Ilikeneitherofthebooks.这两本书我都不喜欢。

NostudentgoestothefarmonSundays.星期天没有学生去农场。

Noone/Nobodyinourclasslikesfootball.我们班没有人喜欢足球。Importantwords1.inotherwords(P12)

usedtointroduceanexplanationthatissimplerthantheonegivenearlier:换句话说
Hewaseconomicalwiththetruth-inotherwords,hewaslying.

inyourownwords用自己的话说inaword简言之inone’sownword用某人自己的语言keepone’sword遵守诺言breakone’sword违背诺言haveawordwithsb.和某人说句话havewordswithsb.和某人吵架eatone’swords收回某人所说的话leaveword留下口信wordcomesthat消息传来说……

Usefulphrases

Iwouldadviseyoutobuy….Iwouldrecommendthefirstonetoyou.Ithinkyoumay/could/wouldbuy…..Itseemstomethat….Inmyopinion…..

ProjectReadingMainpoint/SupportingdetailsUsingamobilephonedoublestheriskofdevelopingbraincancer.

ThereportisbasedonthefindingsofresearchthatwascarriedoutinSweden,comparing1,617patientsfoundtohavebraintumorsbetween1997and2003withthesamenumberofhealthypeople.

Digitalmobilephonesareanactualdanger.

Thestudy,conductedwith200mice,ofwhichhalfwereexposedtoradiationwhiletheotherhalfdidnotreceiveanyradiation,showsthatthefirsthalfwerefoundtohavemorethantwicethecancerrateofthesecondhalfaftereighteenmonths.

Thereasonswhythereisnodefinitescientificevidenceavailablenowabouttheeffectsofmobilephonesonpeople’shealth.

Enormousprofitfromthetelecommunicationsindustrypreventsthebadresultsoffindingsfrombeingrevealed.Usefulexpressions

Itissaidthat…/Itisacknowledgedthat…Sb.believed/thoughtthatholdanopinionthatadditionally/inadditionontheotherhandinthesameway

…LanguagePoints1.Thisstudywasconductedwith200mice,halfofwhichwereexposedtoradiationwhiletheotherhalfdidnotreceiveanyradiation.(P14)该研究的实验对象是200只老鼠,其中半数暴露在辐射环境下,而另一半未受到任何辐射.

expose

n.[C]accountofthefactsofasituation,espwhentheseareshockingorhavebeenkeptdeliberatelysecret叙述,报道（尤指令人震惊的或曾故意保密的）Thenewspaperpublishedanexposeofthefilmstarspastlife.报纸发表了该影星的逸闻.

*anexposeofcorruptionwithinthegovernment揭露政府内部腐败情况的报道.

v.[T](a)uncoverormake(sth)visible;display显露或露出（某事物）;显示:Whenhesmiledheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteeth.他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙.

(b)~sth/sb/oneself(tosth)uncoverorleavesb/sth/oneselfuncoveredorunprotected显露或暴露某人[某事物/自己];处於无遮蔽或不受保护的状态:Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood,exposingbarerock.泥土被洪水冲走,露出光秃秃的岩石.

*exposesoldierstounnecessaryrisks使士兵冒不必要的危险

*exposeonesskintothesun使皮肤暴露於阳光下

*Thebabywasleftexposedtothewindandrain.婴儿被离弃於风雨之中.

(a)makeknown(sthsecret);reveal揭露（秘密）;揭穿;揭发;揭破;显露:exposeaplot,project,plan,etc揭露阴谋﹑方案﹑计划等*Thatunfortunateremarkexposedhisignoranceofthesubject.他说了那句不妥的话,暴露了自己对此事的无知.

(b)makeknown(theguiltorwrongdoing)of(asecretlyguiltyperson)揭露（某人）的（不为人知的罪恶或过错）;揭穿;揭发;揭破:exposecrime,scandal,injustice,fraud,etc揭露罪行﹑丑闻﹑冤假错案﹑骗局等

*exposeacriminal,animpostor,aculprit,etc揭露罪犯﹑冒名顶替者﹑犯错误的人等.2.Thus,thefindingshavenotbeenmadepublic,andtheindustryissayingthatthereisnotenoughevidencetodoso.(P15)因此,一些研究结果一直未与公开,而电信公司却说证据还不够充分

thusadv.inthisway:就这样Bendfromthewaist,thus.Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmanymorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.

withthisresult:因此Theyplannedtoreducestaffandthustocutcosts.

Wedonotownthebuilding.Thus,itwouldbeimpossibleforustomakeanymajorchangestoit.3.Canwehavefaithinthemandbelievethattheyarebeinghonest?

havefaithin信任,相信IstillhavefaithinJohndespitehisshortcomings.虽然约翰有缺点,但我对他还是信任的.Hestillhasgreattalent,buthehaslostfaithinhimself.他仍然很有天赋,但是他已经丧失了信心.UnitRevisionWordsList

1.device

2.consumer

3.signal

4.questionnaire

5.transistor

6.patent

7.compact

8.corporation

9.launch

10.evolution

装置；设备

消费者

信号；暗号

问卷；调查表

晶体管

专利

紧密地

公司

发射

演变；进化

11.accompany

12.ample

13.budget

14.elegantly

15.inbuilt

16.scan

17.clip

18.battery

19.guarantee

20.terminal

陪伴、陪同充足的预算高雅地内置的扫描；浏览夹子电池保证终端

21.tumour22.caution23.theory24.parallel25.acknowledge26.valid27.assume28.fuzzy29.clarity30.definition肿瘤谨慎；小心理论平行线承认；认可有根据的；假设；设想模糊不清的清晰度定义31.conference32.honest33.profit34.merely35.birthplace36.anyhow37.model38.hint39.shape40.measure会议；研讨会诚实的；真诚的利润；利益仅仅；只有出生地；诞生地无论如何模型；型号暗示形状；塑造测量；度量

41.tiny42.suitable43.recorder44.degree45.personally46.uncertain47.cigarette48.equal小的；微小的合适的；适当的录音机度；程度从个人角度；亲自不确定的香烟相等的；平等的

Phrases

1.数码相机2.未必、不一定3.电流4.相信、信任、信仰5.光盘6.使某人高兴得是7.各种8.与…有联系（相关联）9.代表、象征10.上市，面市11.给...上发条12.及时赶上13.向...前进14.既然那样，在此情况下15.目前，暂时16.可以接受200个频道17.把...连接到18.和19.占领市场20.对科学发展作贡献21.给人民的生活带来极大的方便22.各种不同的功能23.开展研究/调查24.可被放心使用25.对熟悉26.不乐意做…27.占领市场28.在随后的几年里29.家用电器30.电子产品31.条形码32.在某种程度上digitalcameranotnecessarilyelectriccurrenthavefaithincompactdisctoone’sdelightavarietyofbeassociatedwithstandforcomeontothemarketwindupintimeforheadforinthatcaseforthetimebeinghaveaccessto200channelscombine...withalongwithtakeoverthemarketcontributetothedevelopmentofsciencebringgreatconveniencetopeople’slivesallsortsofdifferentfunctionsconductastudy/surveycanbeusedwithoutcautionbefamiliarwithbeunwillingtodotakeoverthemarketinthefollowingyearshouseholdapplianceelectronicgoodsbarcodestosomeextent

Expressions1.contributeto对…捐助；投稿；有助于，导致2.headfor……朝……去

3.beresponsibleforsth.负责某事taketheresponsibilityfor负起...的责任

4.intimefor及时，正好beintimetodosth.来得及做某事

5.besuperiorto比…优越；超过bebetterthan=beaheadof

6.bymeansof用…方法bythismeans通过这种方法

inthisway/mannerwiththismethod

7.comeontothemarket上市；面市onsale在售中forsale待售

8.byaccident偶然，碰巧bychance9.combineAwithB将A与B联合起来

10.uptodate最新的，最近的11.applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某事

12.becapableofdoingsth.能够做某事beabletodosth.

13.takeover接管，接受14.previousto=before在…以前

15.bebasedon以…为基础；基于…之上16.springup涌现，突然出现；迅猛发展

17.beassociatedwith与…有联系beconcernedwithbeconnectedwith

18.incolor彩色的19.havefaithin=havebeliefin相信，信任，信仰

20.windup给…上发条21.intermsof在…方面；从…方面来说

22.avarietyof=varietiesof各式各样的

Unit2FitforlifeWelcometotheunitUsefulwordsaneyedoctor=anoptician[ptin]adentistapersonwhotakescareofpeople’steethaphysicianapersonwhohasgeneralskilltotreatphysicalproblemsasurgeonapersonwhoperformsmedicaloperationsImportantwordsoperate

v.[I]tocutopensbsbodyinordertoremoveapartthathasadiseaseortorepairapartthatisdamagedThedoctorsoperatedlastnight.◆Wewillhavetooperateonhiseyes.

◆tooperateforsuspectedacuteappendicitis

Aretheygoingtooperateonhim?他们打算给他做手术吗?

v.[IorT]to(causeto)work,beinactionorhaveaneffectThemedicinebegantooperateatonce.药立刻开始见效.

◆Solarpanelscanonlyoperateinsunlight.

◆(figurative)Somepeoplecanonlyoperatewellunderpressure.ever

(1)atanytime曾;曾经:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?你去过伦敦吗?

Heisseldom,ifever,absentfromschool.他简直从不缺课.

(2)atanytime(before/uptillnow)在任何时候（之前[直至现在]）Itsrainingharderthanever.雨下得更大了.

*Thisisthebestworkyouveeverdone.这是你所做的最好的工作.

*Hehatedhermorethanever,whenhegotthatletter.他接到那封信後,越发憎恨她了.

(3)continuously总是;不停地:Heiseverrepeatingthesameoldstory.他老是老调重弹.

(4)foralltime:IlikethehousebutIdontimagineIlllivethereforever.

我喜欢这所房子,但我没有想象我将永远住在那儿.

(5)continuallysincethattime:Hesbeendepressedeversincehegotdivorced.自从他离婚以来他一直很抑郁.

eversince:从…以来thanever(before):比过去任何时候ReadingEffectsofaspirin

ReducefeverHelpstopbodypainsReducetheriskofheartattacksPreventastrokeReducetheriskofcoloncancerIncreasethelengthofpeople’slivesHelpwithdiabetes

Effectsofpenicillin

HelpintreatingwoundsandinfectionsTreatotherillnessesincludingpneumoniaImportantwords1.openup

tobecomeormakesthpossible,availableorabletobereached:Thenewcataloguewillopenupthemarketforourproducts.

◆Therailwayopeneduptheeastofthecountry.

◆Excitingpossibilitieswereopeningupforherinthenewjob.

tobeginbusinessfortheday;tostartanewbusiness:Iopenupthestoreforthedayataround8.30.

toshowsth.thatwashiddenornotpreviouslyknown:Thedebatecouldopenupsharpdifferencesbetweenthecountries.

这次辩论能够揭露这些国家之间的明显差异.

tomakeaspacelargerorlessenclosed:Weregoingtoopenupourkitchenbyknockingdownacoupleofwalls.

我们打算把墙壁推倒来扩大我们的厨房.

tostarttotalkmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelingsIveneveropeneduptoanyonelikeIdotoyou.我从来没有对任何人象对你一样地敞开心扉.2.probability

Whatistheprobabilityofwinning?获胜的可能性有多大?Theresahigh/strongprobability(that)(=Itisverylikelythat)shellbehere.很可能她会来这儿.probable

Theprobablecauseofdeathwasheartfailure.死亡的可能原因是心脏病.probable与likely意思相近，有时可以互换；possible的语气稍弱。它们各自的句型如下：It’sprobable/possibleforsb.todosth..It’sprobable/possiblethat…It’slikelythat…sb./sth.islikelytodosth..3.recommend

v.[T]tosuggestthatsomeoneorsth.wouldbegoodorsuitableforaparticularjoborpurpose,ortosuggestthataparticularactionshouldbedone:Shehasbeenrecommendedforpromotion.她已经被推荐提升了.

[+that]Thedoctorrecommended(that)Itakemoreexercise.医生建议我进行更多的锻炼.

[+ingformofverb]Irecommendwritingyourfeelingsdownonpaper.

我建议你把自己的感觉写在纸上.
recommendedadjItisdangeroustotakemorethantherecommendeddoseofthismedicine.

服用超过这种药的建议量是很危险的.

recommendation:n.Igotthejobonhisrecommendation.在他的举荐下我得到了这份工作.

[+that]Thereportmakestherecommendationthatnomoreprisonsshouldbebuilt.

这份报告建议不要再建造监狱.4.trial

n.[CorU]atest,usuallyoveralimitedperiodoftime,todiscoverhoweffectiveorsuitablesth.orsomeoneis（对能力﹑质量﹑性能等的）测试,试验,考验
Theyveemployedherforasix-monthtrial(period).他们雇佣她已经有6个月的试用期了.

givejobapplicantsatrial对求职者进行测试

*putacarthroughsafetytrials对汽车进行安全性能试验

Thisnewmethodisontrial.这个新方法正在试用．

Wemustputthemachinetotrial=Wemustgivethemachineatrial我们必须试行运转那部机器5.contain(notinthecontinuoustenses不用于进行时态)

tohavesomethinginsideorincludesomethingasapart包含;含有
Theatlascontainsfortymaps.这地图集共有四十幅地图.

*Whiskycontainsalargepercentageofalcohol.威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高.

becapableofholding(sth)可容纳（某事物）Thisbarrelcontains50litres.这个桶容量为50升.

◆Thebottlecontains(=canhold)twolitres.

keep(sth/oneself)undercontrol;keepwithinlimits;holdback控制（某事物[自己]）;抑制;克制:IwassofuriousIcouldntcontainmyself=hadtoexpressmyfeelings.我气极了,无法克制自己.

*Pleasecontainyourenthusiasmforamoment.请你暂且控制住感情.

*Shecouldhardlycontainherexcitement.她抑制不住内心的激动.

prevent(sth)fromspreadingharmfullyorbecomingmoreserious阻止（某事物）的蔓延或恶化Hastherevoltbeencontained?叛乱是否已受到遏止?6.thin

(1)havingasmalldistancebetweentwooppositesides:athinbook一本薄书
(2)(ofthebody)withlittlefleshonthebones:
Thin,hungrydogsroamedthestreets.又瘦又饿的狗在街上游荡.
(3)(ofaliquid)flowingeasily:
thinsoup,stew,gravy,etc稀汤﹑稀汁炖肉﹑稀肉汁.

(4)v.[T]tomakeasubstancelessthick,oftenbyaddingaliquidtoit:
thinwinewithwater用水冲淡酒
7.length

(1)[CorU]themeasurementofsth.fromendtoendoralongitslongestside:Theboatistenmetresinlength.这艘船长10米.
(2)[C]apieceofsth.suchasstringorpipe:
alengthofrope一段绳子
(3)[C]theamountoftimesth.takes:
thelengthofafilm/speech/play一部电影/一篇讲话/一部戏剧的长短atlength

(a)(fml文)afteralongtime;eventually;atlast经过一段长时间之後;终於;最後:Atlengththebusarrived,fortyminuteslate.公共汽车终於来了,晚了四十分钟.

(b)takingalongtime;ingreatdetail;fully长时间地;详尽地;充分地:discusssthatsome,great,excessive,etclength比较﹑极为﹑过分等详细地讨论某事

*Hewentonattediouslengthabouthisfavouritehobby.他仍不厌其详地讲他的业余爱好.
8.quantity

[UandC]anamountofsomethingthatcanbecountedormeasuredquantityof　Thepolicealsofoundaquantityofammunitionintheflat.

　Add50gramsofbutter,andthesamequantityofsugar.

alarge/small/vastetcquantityofsth　Hehadconsumedalargequantityofalcohol.

　Hugequantitiesofoilwerespillingintothesea.

inlarge/small/sufficientetcquantities　Buyvegetablesinsmallquantities,foryourimmediateuse.

　Yourworkhasimprovedinquantityandqualitythisterm.

[U]thelargeamountofsomething　Thesheerquantityoftextmeantthatpeopledidnotreadthewholeoftheirnewspaper.

inquantity:inlargeamounts　Itsalotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity.

HINTsense1Donotsayabigquantity.Sayalargequantity.表示“许多”的词或短语如下：(1)修饰可数名词的：many,agreat/goodmany,quiteafew,alarge/greatnumberof/numbersof,manya,(2)修饰不可数名词的：much,agreatdealof,alargeamountof/largeamountsof(3)既可以修饰可数又可以修饰不可数名词的：alotof/lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof/largequantitiesof,amassof,massesof9.relief

[U,sing]~(fromsth)lesseningorremovingofpain,distress,anxiety,etc（痛苦﹑困苦﹑忧虑等的）减轻或解除:bring,seek,find,give,feelrelief带来﹑寻求﹑得到﹑予以﹑感到解脱

*doctorsworkingforthereliefofsuffering,hardship,etc为解除病痛﹑痛苦等而工作的医生

[U]thatwhichbringsrelief(1);assistancegiventopeopleinneedortoadisasterarea减轻或解除痛苦等的事物;向需要帮助者或灾区提供的援助:sendrelief(egfood,tents,money,etc)tothosemadehomelessbyfloods

给水灾中无家可归的人发送救援物资（如食品﹑帐篷﹑金钱等）

relieve

[PAIN]toreducesomeonespainorunpleasantfeelings　Drugshelpedtorelievethepain.

relievetension/pressure/stressetc

　Somepeopleeatforcomfort,torelievetheiranxieties.

[PROBLEM]tomakeaproblemlessdifficultorserious　programsaimedatrelievingunemployment

[REPLACESOMEBODY]toreplacesomeonewhentheyhavecompletedtheirdutyorwhentheyneedarest　Theguardwillberelievedatmidnight.

relievesbofsth

tohelpsbbytakingsthheavyordifficultfromthem:Letmerelieveyouofsomeofyourbags.

Thenewsecretarywillrelieveusofsomeofthepaperwork.

(informal,ironic)tostealsthfromsb:Aboywithakniferelievedhimofhiswallet.todismisssbfromajob,position,etc:GeneralBealewasrelievedofhiscommand.10.fundamental

oforformingthebasisorfoundationofsth;essential基本的;基础的;构成基础的;根本的:Therearefundamentaldifferencesbetweenyourreligiousbeliefsandmine.

你我的宗教信仰根本不同.

servingasastarting-point;basic作为起点的;基本的:thefundamentalrulesofmathematics数学的基本法则.

mostimportant;centralorprimary十分重要的;主要的;首要的:Hisfundamentalconcernwasforherwelfare.他最关心的是她的幸福.

*Thefundamentalquestionisapoliticalone.首要的问题是政治问题.

~(tosth)essentialornecessary根本的;必要的:Hardworkisfundamentaltosuccess.必须苦干才能成功.

fundamentally

basically基本地;基础地;根本地:Herideasarefundamentallysound,evenifshesayssillythingssometimes.

即使她有时说些傻话,她的想法基本上是好的.11.contemporary

~(withsb/sth)belongingtothesametime:Wehavenocontemporaryaccountofthebattle(=writtennearthetimethatithappened).

◆HewascontemporarywiththedramatistCongreve.

belongingtothepresenttimeSynonym:MODERNlifeincontemporaryBritain◆contemporaryfiction/music/danceUsefulPhrases

focuson集中于(某事物)openup打开carryout执行;实施;完成giveup放弃massproduction大量生产seethrough看透;识破bemadefrom由…做成，用…做成tryout试验putoff推迟；推延putupwith忍受lookdownup轻视；看不起makeout分清；认出来beunableto不能，不会inaddition除…之外；另外inlargequantities大量地cometrue成为现实；实现beusedto被用于；习惯于figureout计算出；解决；合计（为）bemadefrom由…制成befunfamentalto对…是必要的；对…是根本的thousandsof成千上万的haveinfluenceon对…产生影响goaway走；开离开；消失leavebehind忘带；留下；超过saveone’slife救某人的命makethearrangeof作安排talkover（彻底而严肃地）商议，商量，讨论setup设置，树立，建立，设立，创办gowrong犯错；弄错，走错了路；出了毛病，坏掉takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事

WordPowerImportantWords1.leavebehind

留下（不带走）、遗忘（没拿）Don’tleavemebehind.不要留下我。

leavealone不管、撇下一个人leaveaside搁置leaveabout（东西）乱放leaveout漏掉、删除leaveword留言

2.ward

n.保卫；牢房；病房；监护surgicalward外科病房

vt.守护；保卫；防止；挡住keepwatchandwardoveraperson日夜监视某人GrammarandusagePhrasalverbsagroupofwordsthatisusedlikeaverbandconsistsofaverbwithanadverborprepositionafterit,forexamplesetofforlookafter.Aphrasalverbisacombinationofaverbandanadverborpreposition,forexampleshutuporlookafter,whichtogetherhaveaparticularmeaning.Examples

verb+adverb

Flemingtriedoutthismouldonanotherbacterium.

Flemingtriedthismouldoutonanotherbacterium.

Theyhaveagreedtoputasidetheirdifferencesintheinterestsofwinningtheelection.

Everythinghesaidattheconferencewasputdown.

Whenwasthetheoryputforward?

Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.

verb+preposition

Doctorsarelookingintothecasefornewtreatment.

Sometimespeopleaskformedicinethattheydonotreallyneed.

verb+adverb+preposition

Howcanyouputupwiththisforsolong?

ItisnotrighttolookdownuponthosewhohaveAIDS.

Watchoutforcarswhileyouarecrossingthestreet.

Wemustcatchupwiththem.

Let’sfaceuptothesituation.

Yourideasfitinwithmine.

Let’sgetdowntoourbusiness.

We’llgetthroughwiththeprojectnextmonth.

Hegaveintothewishofthemajority.

verb+noun+preposition

takecareof照顾，照料;makeroomfor给…腾地方;makefriendswith与…交朋友;playajokeon戏弄某人;havealookat看一看;saygoodbyeto告辞be+adjective+preposition

belatefor迟到beangrywith生气bebusywith忙于beshortfor是…的简称beinterestedin对…感兴趣befamousfor因…而著名begoodat擅长bedifferentfrom与…不同begood/badfor对…有益/害befriendlyto对…友好

verb+oneself+preposition

helponeselfto随便吃giveoneselfto热心于occupyoneselfwith忙于enjoyoneself玩得开心dressoneselfin穿着devoteoneselfto专心,致力于,献身throwoneselfto投身于

morethanonemeanings

(1)Hisaccentgiveshimawayasasoutherner.出卖，泄露秘密(2)Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.赠送(3)Theygaveawaytheirlastchanceofwinningthematch.送掉，放弃(4)Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.颁发(5)Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.欺骗(6)Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.收容(7)Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.吸收(8)Ihopeyou’retakinginwhatI’msaying.理解(9)Shepaysthebillsbytakinginwashing.在家承接（活计等）LanguagePoints1.putthrough

(1)putsomebody/somethingthroughto(TELEPHONE)phrasalverb

toconnectsomeonetosomeoneelseonthetelephoneCouldyouputmethroughtocustomerservices,please?

CouldyouputmethroughtoEddie?

(2)putsb.throughsth.(BADEXPERIENCE)phrasalverbtomakesomeoneexperiencesomethingunpleasantordifficult:Imsorrytoputyouthroughthisordeal.我很抱歉让你经受这种折磨.

Thesoldierswereputthrougheightweeksofbasictraining.

Theyreallyputmethroughitattheinterview.

(3)putsththrough

todowhatisnecessaryinordertogetaplanorsuggestionacceptedorapproved　Productionwillstartupagainwhenthesechangeshavebeenputthrough.2.decideon

decideonsth./sb.phrasalverbtochoosesomethingorsomeoneaftercarefulthought:Ivedecidedonblueforthebathroom.我决定浴室用兰色.

Haveyoudecidedonadateforthewedding?

Werestilltryingtodecideonavenue.

Icantdecideonwhotoinvite.3.splitup

[IorT]to(causeto)divideintotwoormoreparts,especiallyalongaparticularline:Theprizewassplitbetweenthem.这笔奖金在他们之间平分了.

Theteachersplitthechildren(up)intothreegroups.老师把孩子们分成三个小组.

splitup(withsb)

endafriendship,relationshipormarriage;separate绝交;断绝关系;离婚;分离:JennyandJoehavesplitup.珍妮和乔闹翻了.*Johnhasjustsplitupwithhisgirl-friend.约翰刚刚跟女朋友吹了.-CouldIspeaktothepublicrelationsofficer?-Speaking./Sorry,sheisn’thereatthemoment.4.enquiry[USALSOinquiry]

(a)[C]~(about/concerningsb/sth)(fml)requestforhelporinformation(aboutsb/sth)请求帮助;询问:Inanswertoyourrecentinquiry,thebookyoumentionisnotinstock.您近日询问的书暂时无货,谨此奉覆.

*Ivebeenmaking(some)inquiries(ietryingtofindout)aboutit.我一直在（多方）打听这件事.

*[attrib作定语]aninquirydesk/office问讯台[处].

(b)inquiries[pl]placefromwhichonecangetinformation问讯处:`HowdoIapplyforthislicence?`Youwantinquiries.‘怎样申请许可证?’‘你得到问讯处打听.’

*directoryinquiries=givinginformationabouttelephonenumbers电话号码查询台.

[U](fml文)asking;inquiring问询;调查;查询:learnsthbyinquiry经查询得知某事

*Thepolicearefollowingseverallinesofinquiry.警方正沿几条线索进行调查.

*Oninquiry(ieHavingasked)Ifounditwastrue.我经打听方知事情属实.

[C]~(intosth)investigation调查;查究:holdanofficialinquiry进行正式调查

*callforapublicinquiryintosafetystandards要求公开调查安全情况.5.handful

anamountthatyoucanholdinyourhandTheboypickedupahandfulofstonesandstartedthrowingthematus.

ahandfulofsth

averysmallnumberofpeopleorthings　Therewereonlyahandfulofpeoplethere.

beahandfulinformal

someone,especiallyachild,whoisahandfulisdifficulttocontrol　Shesalovelychild,butshecanbeabitofahandfulsometimes.6.annual

happeningeveryyear每年的;年度的;一年一次的:annualevent,meeting,report,show,visit一年一次的大事﹑会议﹑报告﹑演出﹑访问.

calculatedfortheyear按年度计算的:anannualincome,production,rainfall,subscription年收入﹑产量﹑雨量﹑（预订）费.

lastingforoneyear持续一年的:theannualcourseofthesun太阳在一年期间的运行.

Whatisyourannualincome?你的年收入是多少？

anannualevent年度大事7.Mypleasure

不用谢Itsapleasure.ALSO(Its)mypleasure.

"Itwassokindofyoutogiveusalift."

"Dontmentionit-itwasapleasure.

withpleasureFORMAL"Couldyoucarrytheboxforme?"

"Oh,withpleasure."

Phrasalverbsfamily

lookafter照看lookdownupon轻视，看不起lookinto调查，朝……里面看lookupto尊敬，尊重lookonsb.as把某人看作……lookout(for)当心，注意lookthrough审核，仔细地看lookup向上看，查阅setaboutdoing开始做，处理setaside留出，对……不予考虑setdown写下，记下setoff出发，动身，使……爆炸，引起，激发setout陈列，出发，动身，开始setup设置，竖起，创立，引起fillin填充，填写fillout填写fillwith使充满fillup填满，被塞满makeuseof利用makeup编造，弥补，化妆makeupfor补偿makefor前往bemadeupof由……组成makeit及时抵达,做成makeoneselfunderstood/heard…使某人…makeanarrangement安排takedown写下，记下takeoff脱下，成功takeup从事，拿起takeaway拿起，使消失，取走takeplace发生takeadvantageof利用takeafter象，学……样子takeapart拆开，粗暴对待，剖析takeback送还，接回，取消，使回忆起takefor认为，以为takeon披上，呈现，具有，雇用，承担takeover把……从一地带到另一地，接受，接管

TaskLanguagePoints1.current

[onlybeforenoun]happeningnow;ofthepresenttime:currentprices◆abudgetforthecurrentyear◆yourcurrentemployeràACTUAL

beingusedbyoracceptedbymostpeople:wordsthatarenolongercurrent2.certain

(1)havingnodoubtorknowingexactlythatsth.istrue,orknowntobetrue,correct,exactoreffective:
Areyouabsolutelycertain(that)yougavethemtherightnumber?

Youshouldmakecertain(that)everyoneunderstandstheinstructions.

(2)know/sayforcertain:toknoworstatesth.withoutdoubtIdontknowforcertainifshescoming.
(3)adj.[beforenoun]FORMAL
namedbutneitherfamousnorknownwell:
IhadlunchtodaywithacertainTom-nottheTom,Ishouldexplain.

makecertain/sureof/that…

totakeactionsothatyouarecertainthatsth.happens,istrue,etc:

Makecertain(that)wehaveenoughdrinkfortheparty.

Madesureofthetimeandtheplaceofthemeeting.

Note:somestudent=acertainstudent某个学生

somestudents一些学生certainstudents某些学生ProjectLanguagePoints1.TheythinkthattheuseofacupuncturebeganduringtheStoneAgewhen…orsharp-edgedtools,…

sharp

adj.锋利的,尖的;突然的,急转弯的;尖刻的,辛辣的;灵敏的,敏锐的.1).这把大剪刀不够快，剪不动草。Theshearsaren’tsharpenoughtocutthegrass.asharpdropinprice　价格的聚降asharpturntotheleft　向左急转2).Weweresurprisedbythesharptoneofhercomments.她尖锐的评论令我们吃惊．3).Thecheeseisalittletoosharpforme.我觉得这干酪味道太重了．asharpsenseofhumor很强的幽默感2.…andasword-likeneedleforlettingliquidoutofswollenparts.

letsth.out放出；泄露，透出；发出（叫声）；出租；把（衣服）放大Don’tletitoutaboutmylosingmyjob,willyou?别泄露我失业了，好吗？Theydecidedtoletoutthesmallerofficesatlowrents.3.Somepeoplehavealsousedacupuncturetotreataddictionstocigarettes,…

addictionn.（常与to连用）成瘾，沉溺，入迷Imaddictedto(=Iveryofteneat/drink)chocolate/lattes.我吃巧克力成瘾.

Heraddictiontoalcoholruinedherlife.他的酒瘾毁了他的一生．

Someweightproblemsarecausedbyanaddictiontosugarandfat.UnitRevisionWordList

1.probability2.historian3.chemist4.physician5.recipe6.best-selling7.author8.length9.widespread10.wrist可能性历史学家化学家；药剂师医生；内科医生处方；食谱畅销的作者长度普遍的手腕11.note12.lung13.rapidly14.wonder15.enquiry16.eyesight17.sharp18.pulse19.function20.swollen注意到，记录肺迅速地；快速地奇迹询问；咨询视力锋利的；尖的脉搏功能；作用肿胀的

21.bark22.trial23.tablet24.milligram25.painkiller26.stroke27.contemporary28.colon29.mould30.transparent树皮；狗叫试用；考验药片；写字板毫克止痛药中风当代的；当代人结肠霉透明的31.purify32.bacterial33.pneumounia34.physiology35.relief36.potential37.fundamental38.detail39.booklet40.adjustable净化；提纯细菌的肺炎生理学减轻，缓解潜在的；可能的基础的；根本的详情；细节小册子可调节的

41.magic42.needle43.acupuncture44.ward45.pottery46.sword47.silver48.surgical49.symptom50.herbal有魔力的针针灸病房陶器剑银；银子外科的症状草本植物的；药草的

Phrases1.focuson集中2.openup3.carryout执行，实施4.inlargequantities大量地5.seethrough看透，看穿6.tryout试验7.lookaround参观；环顾8.putthrough接通9.decideon对……做出决定10.turnup出现，到场makeadecision(s)决定11.fillin填写（表格）12.splitup划分天来分割13.takedown记下；记录14.befundamentalto对……是必要的15.letout放出，发出16.ahandfulof少数的，少量的17.ifso如果这样的话18.atleast至少19.millionsof数百万20.infact实际上inactualfactasamatteroffact

1.increasethelengthofpeople’slife2.inlargequantities3.anoperatingtheatre4.reducetheriskofheartattack5.reducebloodsugarlevels6.bookstand7.letoutacry8.makeupfor9.bebadlyinneedof10.putout11.beopento12.ahandfulof13.takedown/putdown/writedown14.millionsof15.secondaryschool16.blocksth.from…17.medicalhistory18.lookinto19.protectone’seyesight20.lookoutfor21.stainlesssteel22.acupuncturepoints23.fillinform/blanks/gaps24.makeout25.bewellreceivedby26.comeintopower27.Nowonder28.bloodvessel29.massproduction30.turnup31.befundamentalto32.trysth.outon…33.operatingtheatre34.emergencyroom35.consultingroom延长寿命大量地手术室患心脏病的风险减低血糖书架、阅览架发出一声叫喊弥补急需扑灭对…开放少量的取下、拿下；记下；写下成百万的（英国）中阻止…做…病历、病史调查保护视力当心、小心不锈钢针灸点填表辨认出很受欢迎上台、执政难怪血管大量生产出现；到场；露面对…是必要的在…上试用某物手术室急诊室诊室

Unit3TheworldonlineWelcometotheunitLanguagePoints1.Searchforinformationonavarietyoftopics.(P33)就各种话题搜索信息。

searchverb
1)[IorT]tolooksomewherecarefullyinordertofindsth.:
Thepolicesearchedthewoodsforthemissingboy.
Shesearchedhisfaceforsomesignofforgiveness,butitremainedexpressionless.
2)[I]totrytofindtheanswertoaproblem:
Philosophershavesearchedformillenniabuttheyhaventfoundthemeaningoflife.
3)[T]Apoliceofficerwhosearchesyouoryourpossessionslooksforsth.youmightbehiding:
Themenweresearchedfordrugsandthenreleased.

avarietyofvarietynoun
1)[C]adifferenttypeofsth.:
ThearticlewasaboutthedifferentvarietiesofSpanishspokeninSouthAmerica.
Thisvarietyofroseisespeciallyhardyanddrought-resistant.
Oursupermarketstocksapplesinseveraldifferentvarieties.
2)[S]manydifferenttypesofthingsorpeople:
Shedoesavarietyoffitnessactivities.
Theequipmentcouldbeusedforavarietyofeducationalpurposes.
Manufacturersneedlargesalestojustifyofferingabigvarietyinexportmarkets.2.Keepintouchwithfamilymemberswhereveryouareintheworld.(P33)

无论你在世界的任何地方读可以与家人保持联系。wherever

1)adv.,conj.toorinanyoreveryplace:Wecangowhereveryoulike.

WhereverIgoIalwaysseemtobumpintohim.

AllacrossEurope,whereveryoulook,marriageisindeclineanddivorceratesaresoaring.

2)adverb
usedinsteadofwheretoaddemphasistoaphrase,usuallyexpressingsurprise:
Whereverdidyoufindthathat!
Whereverdidyougetthatidea!
Whereverdoeshegetthemoneyfromtogoonalltheseexoticjourneys?Reading

PartA1.TheyareaboutdifferenteffectsoftheInternetonourlives.2.Two.3.Uncontrolledinformationandthechangeinthewaypeoplespendtheirtime.PartC1AFAFFAPartC2üTheInternetisagreathelptopeoplewhoareinneedofvariousinformation.üPeopleusetheInternettobuildsocialties.üTheamountoffalseinformationontheInternetbecomesmoreofaproblemeveryday.üSpendingtoomuchtimebuildingrelationshipsontheInternetcandamagepeople’sabilitiestolivenormallives.

LanguagePoints1.Thatistosay,IbelievethattheInternethaspositiveeffectsonourlives.(P34)

也就是说，我相信因特网对我们的生活产生正面的影响。effect

1)theresultofaparticularinfluence:n.[CorU]Theradiationleakhashadadisastrouseffecton/upontheenvironment.

Itriedtakingtabletsfortheheadachebuttheydidnthaveanyeffect.

2)use:noun[U]Thepresentsystemofpaymentwillremainineffect(=beused)untiltheendoftherentalagreement.
Whendothenewdrivinglawscomeintoeffect?

2.Thefirstisitsvalueforpeoplewhoarelookingforinformation.(P34)

第一是因特网对于搜索信息的人具有的价值。value

n.1)[SorU]theimportanceorworthofsomethingforsomeone:
Forthem,thehousesmainvaluelayinitsquietcountrylocation.
Theyareknowntoplace/put/setahighvalueongoodpresentation.

2)[U]howusefulorimportantsth.is:
Thephotosareofimmensehistoricalvalue.
Hiscontributionwasoflittleornopracticalvalue.
3)theamountofmoneywhichcanbereceivedforsth.:
Shehadalreadysoldeverythingofvaluethatshepossessed.
Whatisthevalueoftheprize?3.ThesestatisticsprovethatgatheringinformationistheprimaryusefortheInternet.

primary

a)[usuallybeforenoun]mostimportant/mainOurprimaryconcernistoprovidetherefugeeswithfoodandhealthcare.

primarypurpose/aim/objective

Theirprimaryobjectiveistomakemoney.

Personalsafetyisofprimaryimportance=isprimarilyimportant

[onlybeforenoun]primaryeducation

teachingatprimarylevel
4.Thesecondmostcommonuseoftheinternet,accordingto79percentofthesurveyrespondents,istoadvanceknowledgeaboutthehobbies.(Line19)

advancevt.推进,进展,提出n.前进,预先advancethegrowthofindustry推进工业的增长

advanceanewplan提出新计划

makegreatadvances(progress)取得进步

inadvance预先,提前

inadvanceof在—之前,在—前面

Ifyouwanttogetthebook,youmustpayforitinadvance.如果你要买这本书，你得先付款

Hewalkedinadvanceofhiswife.他走在他妻子的前面5.Anothertrulywonderfulaspectoftheinternetisthewaypeopleuseittobuildsocialties.

buildsocialties建立社会联系(Line23)tien.Wehaveestablishedtradetieswiththeseregions.我们和这些地区建立了贸易关系。

Hewaswearingablacktie.(领带)

tievt绑,系

tieto把…栓在

Hetiedhishorsetothestick.他把马栓在木桩上.6.benefit

vt/vi.对…有利;从…得到利益

Thenewhospitalbenefitedusenormously.

Ibenefitedenormouslyfrommyfather’sadvice.

n.利益,恩惠,益处

Igotalotofbenefitfromlearningaforeignlanguage.

beofbenefitto对…有益

forthebenefitof为了…的利益

benefitfrom/by得益于…

Thatexperiencewasofgreatbenefittome.

Thewarningsignwasputthereforthebenefitofthepublic.

Wecanbenefitfromexercises.7.moreoveradv.而且,此外,再者(Line26)=What’smore=besides=inaddition

Hewas,moreover,apoetofpromise.此外,他还是一个有前途的诗人。

Bicyclingisagoodexercise;moreover,itdoesntpollutetheair.骑自行车是很好的运动;而且还不污染环境。8.ThemaindrawbackoftheinternetIwilladdresstodayareuncontrolledinformation.(L34)

address

[usuallypassive]~sth(tosb/sth)towriteonanenvelope,etc.thenameandaddressoftheperson,company,etc.thatyouaresendingittobymail:Theletterwascorrectlyaddressed,butdeliveredtothewronghouse.

◆AddressyourapplicationtothePersonnelManager.

tomakeaformalspeechtoagroupofpeople:toaddressameeting/rally/conference

◆ThePresidenthasbeenaskedtoaddresstheassembly.

~sb~sthtosb(formal)tosaysthdirectlytosb:IwassurprisedwhenheaddressedmeinEnglish.

◆Anyquestionsshouldbeaddressedtoyourteacher.

◆Thebookisaddressedtothegeneralreader.

~sb(assth)touseaparticularnameortitleforsbwhenyouspeakorwritetothem:Therearedifferentwaysinwhichtoaddressamemberoftheroyalfamily.◆ThejudgeshouldbeaddressedasYourHonour.
◆InBritain,asurgeonisaddressedasMrnotDr.

~(yourselfto)sth(formal)tothinkaboutaproblemorasituationanddecidehowyouaregoingtodealwithit:Youressaydoesnotaddresstherealissues.

◆Wemustaddressourselvestotheproblemoftrafficpollution.9.Theseproblemsofinaccuracydonotoccurasoftenwhenpeopleusetraditionalwaystofindinformation.(P35)

如果人们用传统的方法，这些由不精确信息引起的问题就不会如此频繁出现了。occurverb[I]-rr-
(especiallyofaccidentsandotherunexpectedevents)tohappen:
Anaccidentinvolvingovertenvehicleshasoccurredintheeast-boundlane.
verb[I+adverborpreposition](-rr-)
toexistorbepresentin,among,etc:
Violenceofsomesortseemstooccurineverysociety.

occurtosb.phrasalverb
Ifathoughtorideaoccurstoyou,itcomesintoyourmind:
[+that]Itneverevenoccurredtousthathehadntbeeninvited.10.advantagen.优势,有利条件(P35.Line37)

RichardhasanadvantageoveryousincehecanspeakGerman.

Theytookfulladvantageofthehotelsfacilities.takeadvantageof=use/makeuseof

Thereislittleadvantageinbuyingadictionaryifyoucantread.不识字买字典没什么用UsefulPhrases

havepositiveeffectsonsth对...有积极的影响havenegativeeffectsonsth对...有消极的影响beincludedin包括inneedof需要weatherforecasts天气预报currentaffairs时事新闻academicresearch学术研究、turntosb(forhelp)向某人求助acquireknowledgefrom从—获取知识communicatewithsbonsth在某方面和某人交流allsortsoftopics各种话题awasteoftime浪费时间insteadof代替，而不是searchforanswerstoquestions寻找问题的答案advanceknowledge增加知识gatherinformation收集信息bebasedon以…为基础ratherthan而不是accesstosth得到某物，通往某地的通道beinvolvedin涉及，卷入handinpapers提交论文affectpeople’sprivatelives影响人们的私生活gainpopularity得到普及be/becomeaddictedto（doing）沉溺于，对…上瘾feeldisconnectedtosth与...切断联系limittheuseof限制...的使用handletheproblems处理问题formlifelongfriendship形成一生的友谊buildsocialties建立社会联系atanInternetcafe在网吧dealwithInternetaddiction处理网瘾

WordPowerImportantWords1.mean

vt.意欲，计划wantorplantodosth.Imeantthisphotoforher.Wehadmeanttobeearly.Imeanyoutospendthismoneyforyourself.vt.（指字句等）意指，意谓(ofwords,sentences,etc.)signify,importAdictionarytellsyouwhatwordsmean.

Thiswordmeansnothing.adj.吝啬的，自私的wantingtokeepeverythingforyourselfSheismeanandneverinvitespeopletomeals.

adj.卑鄙的oflowcharacter,aims,etc.Itisameanmotive.GrammarLinkingverbs-Sorts1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词Heisateacher.他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）

2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,standHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。

Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。

3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem,appear,lookHelookstired.他看起来很累。

Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心。

4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软。

Thisflowersmellsverysweet.这朵花闻起来很香。

5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后，他疯了。

Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。

6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,trunout,表达"证实"，"变成"之意Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。

Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。

Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。（turnout表终止性结果）Notes1.连系动词除be外通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。例如:-Doyoulikethematerial?

-Yes,itfeelsverysoft.

2.一般情况下，连系动词后主要跟形容词或分词作表语。例如:Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot，youmaygetrunoverbyacar.

3.有些连系动词能跟名词作表语:be,become,appear,seem,prove,remain和turn等。注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时，不加冠词。例如:ThepopulationgrowthinChinaremainsaproblem.

Hiswishistobecomeascientist.

Hehasturnedthief.（注意turn后跟的名词一般要省去冠词。）Hewentachildbutreturnedaworker.

4．连系动词后也可跟介词短语:ThearticleisaboutusingtheInternettohelppeopleofallages.5.连系动词后也可跟不定式(todo/tobe)，常见的有:appear,seem,remain,prove,look等。例如:Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainstobeseenwhethertheywillenjoyit.

Onthelongjourney,Peterprovedtobeamostinterestingguide.Weallhadawonderfultime.

6.下面的句中get，grow,become,go,turn与其后面的词是固定的搭配，不能换用。如：Shemusthavegottenlost.她一定迷路了。

Imustgetreadytostart.我得准备出发。

Truthnevergrowsold.真理永远不会过时。

Theyarebecomingmoreawakened.他们越来越觉醒了。

Thecarwasgoingcheap.汽车越来越便宜了。

Hemusthavegonemad.他一定是疯了。

Iturnedfiftyonmylastbirthday.我上次过生日已满五十岁。

TaskLanguagePointsOtherthantabletennis,whatsportdopeoplenotliketoplay?(P44)除了乒乓球，还有什么运动人们不喜欢玩。otherthan

1)FORMALdifferentfromorexcept:
Holidaysotherthanthoseinthisbrochuredonothavefreeplacesforchildren.
Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneotherthanyourself.
2)inanegativesentence,usedtomeanexcept:
TheresnothingonTVtonight,otherthanrubbish.Whatsportdopeopleprefertabletennisto?(P44)比起乒乓球人们更喜欢什么运动？prefer

verb[T](-rr-)
tolike,chooseorwantonethingratherthananother:
Doyoupreferhotorcoldweather?
Ipreferredwinetowhite.
[+ingformofverb]Hepreferswatchingrugbytoplayingit.
[+toinfinitive]Idprefernottodiscussthisissue.
FORMALIdpreferyounottosmoke(=Iwouldlikeitbetterifyoudidnotsmoke).ProjectImportantWords

1.guide

n．领路人，导游者，引导者，指南

aguidebook导游指南

Aguideledusaroundthecity．向导带我们到市内各地去游玩。

AGuidetoEnglishGrammar《英语语法入门》

vt．指导，支配，管理，带领，操纵vi．任向导

Heguidedusthroughthenarrowstreetstothesupermarket.他领着我们穿过小街到那超市。

guideaperson’shand牵某人的手。

常用guidesb．indoingsthguidesbtoaplace

guidancen．指导，领导guidedadj．有导游的guidedtour有导游的游览

●试题回顾

谢谢你指导我学习。Thankyouforguidingmeinmystudy.

2.step

v．走，举步，移步，踏vi走，跨步n．[C]脚步，措施，梯级，台阶

stepinto／outofsp.走进／走出某地;stepoutside走到外面

Gotwosteps,please．跨两步。

takestepstodosth.=takemeasurestodosth.=dosth.todo…采取措施做某事

Shetookafewstepstowardsthewindow．她向窗口走了几步。

Theyhavemadeabigstepintheirbusiness．他们在事业上迈进了一大步。

Sorry!DidIsteponyourtoes?对不起!我是不是踩到你的脚了?

词组：in(outof)step步调(不)一致stepforward向前走

stepmothern．继母stepbystep一步一步地，逐渐地

3.aid

n．[u]帮助，援助；[C]帮助者，有帮助的事物

Hecametomyaid．他来帮助我。firstaid急救

withtheaidof借着……的帮助inaidofsb/sth以支援或帮助某人/事物cometosb’said前来（去）援助某人

givesbafinancialaid以财物支援某人teachingaids教具

vt．资助，援助，帮助(比help正式)

aidsbin／with…aidsb．todosth．

Heaidedmeinbusiness／withmoney．他在事业上／金钱上帮助我。

●试题回顾

_________ofthe_________stick，theinjuredwentonhisway．

A．Withtheaid；walkingB．Underaidof；walking

C．Withthehelp；walkD．Underthehelp；walking

4.directadj.直的，直接的，直系的，直率的adv．直接地

adirectresult直接后果thedirectraysofthesun太阳的直射光线

WeflewdirectfromLondontoNewYork．我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约。

vt.,vi．指示方向，指路，指导，指挥

Idirectedthetravelertothehotel．我告诉了这个旅行者去旅馆的路。

directionn．[c]命令，指示；方位；(常用复数)指导，说明

词组：inalldirections=ineverydirection向四面八方

inthedirectionof…向……方向

undersb’sdirection在……的指导下from…direction从……方向

directorn．指导者；局长；董事

Heisoneofthedirectorsofthecompany．他是这个公司的董事之一。

●完成句子

1)Hereceivedinquiriesaboutthematterfromalldirections．

2)Wedidtheworkunderhisdirection．

5.linkn.关系，联系

Theremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.这两起谋杀案之间可能有联系。

have（commercial,cultural)linkswith…和……有（商业，文化）往来，联系

v.linkAwith/andBlinksth(up)将……连接或联系起来

belinkedwith和……相连接或联系

6.differentlyadv．不同地

differencen.[C，U]不同，差别，差异

Youngpeoplemustbetaughttolearnthedifferencebetweengoodandevil．

必须教导年轻人学会区分善与恶。

tellthedifferencebetweenAandB说出A和B之间的区别

Thereisalittle／no／greatdifferencebetweenAandB.

A和B之间有些／没有／有很大区别。

makea,no,some…difference(tosb/sth)

(对某人/某物)有、没有、有些……影响，起重要作用

makenodifference没关系makeadifferencebetween区别对待

differentadj．不同的

bedifferentfrom和……不同bedifferentin在……方面不同

Aisnot／alittle／quitedifferentfromBA与B没有／有些／完全不同

●试题回顾（汉译英）

1)你选哪一个事关重大。Whichoneyouwillchoosemakesgreatdifference.

2)都市生活和乡村生活是非常不同的。

Thelifeinthecitiesisquitedifferentfromthatinthecountry.

8.require

(1)vt.需要

requiresb/sthrequiresbtodosth

sthrequiredoing=sthrequiretobedone

requirethatsb(should)dosth

(2)vt.要求

requiresthofsb例：Whatdoyourequireofme?

requiresbtodosth

It’srequiredthatsb(should)dosth.例：It’srequiredthatyouarriveat8a.m.

9.patientadj．有耐心的，能容忍的[(+with)]反义词：impatient

n．病人；患者

He’saverypatientman．他是个很有耐心的人。

Thedoctorisverypatientwithhispatients．那位医师对病人十分耐心。

词组：bepatientwithsb/sth容忍某人/某物

beimpatientwithsb/atsth对……不耐烦，无耐心

beimpatientforsth/todosth急切地beimpatientof不能忍受

patiencen．耐心；容忍

●试题回顾汉译英

这位教师对学习差的学生很有耐心。

Theteacherispatientwiththestudentswhoareweakintheirstudies.

10.dividevt．vi．(常与in，into连用)分开；划分，(数学上的)除。

bedividedinto分成(两份时用bedividedintohalves或bedividedinhalf)

divideup分配divideamong/between在……之间分配

bedividedby被……除

15dividedby3is5．3除15等于5。

●试题回顾

班级被分成6个小组。Theclassisdividedintosixgroups.

11.equal

adj．(无比较级，反义词：unequal)相等的，均等的;胜任的，合适的，不相上下的

equalpayforequalwork同工同酬beequaltosth/doingsth等于;能胜任

Twicethreeisequaltosix．二三得六。

vt.equalsb/sth(insth)与某人/某物相等或相同

12.consideration，n．考虑，思考

giveaproblemcarefulconsideration仔细考虑问题

Johnnevershowedanyconsiderationforanyone．约翰从来不关心别人。

underconsideration在考虑中inconsiderationof考虑到，体谅

Theydidn’tgivehimheavyworkinconsiderationofhisyouth．

考虑到他年轻,他们没给他繁重的工作。

take…intoconsideration考虑到，顾及到

considerdoingsth．考虑要做某事considern.as/tobe

considersbtohavedonesth认为某人做过某事considerthat-clause

●试题回顾汉译英；

1)我们正考虑赴加拿大。

WeareconsideringleavingforCanada．

2我认为他是一个出色的音乐家。

Iconsiderhimtobe/asagoodmusician．

13.basisn．[C]基础，根据

Histheoryhasasolidbasisinfact．他的理论有确实的事实为基础。

Whatsthebaseof／foryouridea?你这个想法的根据是什么?

establish／laythebasisof／for建立……的基础

Onthebasisofthefacts,wecanreachthefollowingconclusion．

根据这些事实，我们可以导出如下结论。另外，两词的复数形式都为bases。

basen.基地，根据地[C]anairbase空军基地

v.base…on／upon…以……为基础

辨析：base与basis两者都表示“基础”之意。但base指具体的物品、物的底座、基地；而basis指抽象的(比喻)基础、根据。如：thebaseofabuilding建筑物的基础，theeconomicbasis经济基础

onthebasisof…以……为基础

14.bottomn．底，底部，尽头，末端

Thebottomoftheglassiswet．玻璃杯的杯底是湿的。

Theshipsanktothebottomofthesea．那艘船沉到海底了。

atthebottomof在……的底部

15.errorn．[C／U]错误，过失，误差Youareinerror．你错了。

make(commit)anerror出错误spellingerrors描写错误

leadsb．intoerror/fallintoerror误人歧途dosth．inerror误做某事

16.consultv．（1）商量，商议consultwithsb．与……协商

（2）请教，参考consultsb/sthaboutsth

consultadoctor看医生

Haveyouconsultedyourdoctoraboutyourillness?你找你的医生看过病情了吗?

注意：表示“查……材料”consult后接“字典，书籍”等，而lookup则接查询“字、词及相应的直接对象”。lookupthewordinthedictionary在字典里查词，consultadictionary查字典

17.cheat

n．欺骗，骗子

v．欺骗，骗取cheatatsth

cheatsb．into…／outof…欺骗某人做／不做……

●试题回顾完成句子

1)Thesalesmancheatedherintobuyingafake．／athermoney．

2)Theboycheatedintheexamandwascaughtcheating．

18.attachv.

(1)attachsthtosth将某物系在或附在另一物上

(2)attachoneselftosb依附，缠着某人

(3)attachsbtosb/sth使隶属于

Youwillbeattachedtothisdepartment.你将隶属于这个部门。

(4)attachtosb与某人相关联，归于某人

(5)beattachedtosb/sth依恋、爱慕、留恋……

19.obtain

v.[T]FORMAL
togetsomething,especiallybyaskingforit,buyingit,workingforitorproducingitfromsomethingelse:
Firsteditionsofthesebooksarenowalmostimpossibletoobtain.
Inthesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.
Sugarisobtainedbycrushingandprocessingsugarcane.

v.[Inotcontinuous]FORMALtoexist:
Conditionsofextremepovertynowobtaininmanypartsofthecountry.Phrases1.keep…inmind记住，牢记2.sitdownatacomputerterminal坐在电脑前3.aidsbin/withsth在……上援助某人4.searchengine搜索引擎5.bebasedonthekey根据关键词6.typein输入7.subjectdirectory主题目录检索8.comb(through)sth彻底搜寻……9.bedividedinto…被分成……10.onthe/abasisof…以……为基础11.uptodate最近，最新12.take…intoconsideration考虑13.inconsiderationof作为对……的回报14.atthebottomof在底部，下方15.asa(general)rule通常16.corfirmtheinformation确认信息17.besureof/about对……确信，有把握18.makeadifference有关系，有影响19.belongtosb属于某人20.makedecisionabout对……作决定21.followthetips/advice采取建议UnitRevisionWordList

1.acquire取得、获得、学到2.downtown在市中心；闹市区3.analysis分析n.4.sceptical持怀疑态度的5.statistics统计数据6.popularity人气、受欢迎程度7.drawback缺点、障碍8.accurate精确的9.troublesome令人烦恼的10.occur发生、出现11.diploma毕业证书、文凭12.handle处理、对付13.dynamic有生气的,有活力的14.evident明显的、显然的15.explicit明确的、明晰的16.relevant相关的、有关的17.controversial有争议的18.intelligent聪明的、明智的19.evaluate评估、鉴定20.specific具体的、明确的

21.consult咨询、查阅22.qualification资格；资格证书23.outline提纲、轮廓24.attach依附、贴上

25.forecast预报；预测n.26.frequent频繁的；经常的27.dull枯燥的；乏味的28.applaud鼓掌；喝彩29.predict预言、预料vt.30.classify将…分类31.proofread校对32.confirm证实33.hyphen连字符34.quotation引用；引文35.background背景36.advantage有利条件37.moreover而且38.false不正确的、虚假的39.admire钦佩、羡慕40.patient有耐心的

Phrases

1.thatistosay也就是说，换言之2.currentaffairs时事3.travelpackage包价旅游4.turnto求助于；转向5.allsortsof各种各样的6.uptodate最近的，最新的7.beaccustomedto…习惯于…8.wornout疲惫的；精疲力竭的9.bepopularwith受…的欢迎10.behappywith对…感到满意11.keep…inmind记住，牢记12.searchengine搜索引擎13.subjectdirectory主题目录检索14.bedividedinto…被分成15.take…intoconsideration考虑到16.onthatbasis在此基础上17.asageneralstate一般情况下18.searchfor搜索、寻找19.doublequotationmarks双引号20.keyword关键词

21.buildsocialties建立社会关系22.correctmistakes/errors订正错误23.weatherforecast天气预报24.supportone’sarguments支持某人观点25.heavyInternetusers过度使用网络者26.affectone’sprivatelives影响某人的私生活27.prosandcons正反两方面的意见28.anotheraspectof另一方面29.beaddictedtotheInternet沉迷于网络30.havenoqualifications没有资格31.completeadiplomacourse完成学业

32.bebasedoncommoninterests建立在共同的兴趣之上33.havenegativeeffectson对…有负面影响34.inbad/greatneedof/bebadlyinneedof急需35.beeager/anxious/keen/desperatetodosth.急切地想做某事36.communicatewithexperts与专家交流37.feeldisconnectedtotherealworld感觉脱离了真实世界38.awasteoftime浪费时间39.makeadifference很重要40.suchas例如；比如

Unit4PublictransportWelcometotheunitLanguagePointsdropoff

phrvtobegintosleep　Shekeptdroppingoffatherdesk.

　Imusthavedroppedofftosleep.

dropsb/sthofftotakesomeoneorsomethingtoaplacebycarandleavethemthereonyourwaytoanotherplace　Illdropyouoffonmywayhome.

tofalltoalowerleveloramount　Thenumberofgraduatesgoingintoteachinghasdroppedoffsharply.Reading

PartA1.In18632.Becauseitlinkedwithotherlinesatalmosteverystation,makingthesystemmoreuser-friendly.3.Heisthearchitectthatdesignedmanyofthestationsbetween1918and1938.Manyofthestationsarestillinusetoday.PartC11.MostrailwaytracksdidnotgointotheLondoncitycentre,sobuseswererequired.Thisincreasedtrafficontheroad.Theundergroundsystemtransportedmorepeoplewithoutincreasingtrafficontheroad.2.Thecarriagesdidnothavewindowsandwerepulledbysteamenginesthroughnarrowtunnels.3.HeboughtmanyofthedifferentlinesandsetuptheUndergroundGroup.4.Ithasfunctionedasabombshelter,anaeroplanefactory,anti-aircraftcentre,meetingroomsforthegovernmentadministration.5.Morelineswereaddedbecausemorepeopletraveledontheunderground.6.Itmeansthatmanyofthelinesarelinkedatmanystations.Therefore,itisveryconvenientforriderstogotodifferentplacesinthecityfromanystation.

PartC2DateEvent1854Anundergroundrailwaywasdecidedtobebuilt1863Thefirsttunnelswereopened1868Thenextsectionoftheundergroundsystemwasopened1884Theundergroundservicewasprovidedinthemiddleofthecity1933Apublicorganizationwascreated1918-1938LondontransportwasexpandedAfter1945Morepeopletraveledontheundergroundandmorelineswereadded1977ThelastlinewasaddedLanguagePoints1.distant(Line5)

adj.faraway

inthedistantpast/future:farawayinthepastorfuture:
distancen.[CorU]theamountofspacebetweentwoplaces:
Hetravelsquiteadistance(=alongway)toworkeveryday.

Doesshelivewithinwalkingdistanceofherparents?

2.boundary

n.--theedge(Line5)

Themountainbecomesthenational~forbothcountries.

Thefenceservesasa~betweenthetwobuildings.

theboundariesofknowledge

3.historic

adj.--havingimportanceinorinfluenceonhistory(Line6)

11November1918isa~dayasitrepresentstheendofWorldWarI.

Canyoutellmewhenthe~meetingbetweenthetwogreatleaderswasheld?

Thisbuildingisof~importance.

historic/historical:

Historicandhistoricalaredifferentiatedinusage,thoughtheirsensesoverlap.

Historicreferstowhatisimportantinhistory:

thehistoricfirstvoyagetoouterspace

Itisalsousedofwhatisfamousorinterestingbecauseofitsassociationwithpersonsoreventsinhistory:

ahistorichouse

Historicalreferstowhateverexistedinthepast,whetherregardedasimportantornot:

ahistoricalcharacter

Historicalrefersalsotoanythingconcernedwithhistoryorthestudyofthepast:

ahistoricalnovel

historicaldiscoveries

Thedifferentiationbetweenthewordsisnotcomplete.Theyareoftenusedinterchangeably:

historictimesorhistoricaltimes

4.choke(Line8)

n.[C]v.窒息；堵塞；阻塞

1).Thechildswallowedapenandchockedtodeath.

2).Theroadstothecoastwerechokedwithtraffic.

3).Atlunchtimethestreetswerechokedwithtraffic.

4).Childrencanchokeonpeanuts.

引申:chockback忍住，抑制chockup因激动等说不出话来

5.link(Line21)

v.[T]tomakeaconnectionbetweentwoormorepeople,thingsorideas:

1)Theexplosionsarenotthoughttobelinkedinanyway.

linkup:toformaconnection,especiallyinordertoworkoroperatetogether:

2)Theorganizationsaimistolinkuppeoplefromalloverthecountrywhoaresufferingfromthedisease.

3)Theylinkeduptwoareasbytelephone.

用法拓展:beconnectedwith与……相接，和……有联系6.place(Line36)

v.--tobeinastateorsituation

1)Sheplacedataperecorderinfrontofheronthetable.

2)Hisuncooperativeattitudeplacedusinanembarrassingsituation.

3)Thisjobplacesgreatdemandsontheworkers,whichcanbequitestressful.

7.beresponsiblefor(L39)

beinchargeof

1)Thedriverisresponsibleforthepassengers’safety.

2)Philipistheprojectmanager.Heisresponsibleforanythingconcerningtheproject.

3)Whoisresponsibleformakingthedinnerreservation?

8.functionas(L42)

serveas

1)Mylivingroomalsofunctionsasastudy.

2)Theroomfunctionedasastoreroomforkeepingallourcollection.

3)Thebeautifulleaffunctionedasabookmark

9.honor(L51)

aqualitythatcombinesrespect,prideandhonesty:

amanofhonor

Wefoughtforthehonorofourcountry.

n.[C]areward,prizeortitlethatpubliclyexpressesadmirationorrespect:

Shereceivedanhonorforherservicestothecommunity.

inhonorofsb./sth.inordertocelebrateorshowgreatrespectforsomeoneorsth.:

abanquetinhonorofthepresident

10.permit(L57)

v.-tt-[T]toallowsth.:

Theregulationsdonotpermitmuchflexibility.

[+doing]Theprisonauthoritiespermitvisitingonlyonceamonth.

[+object+toinfinitive]Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenterwithoutthecorrectpassword.

11.beneath

preposition(formal)
inortoalowerpositionthansb/sth;undersb/sth:Theyfoundthebodyburiedbeneathapileofleaves.◆Theboatsankbeneaththewaves.
notgoodenoughforsb:Heconsiderssuchjobsbeneathhim.

◆Theythoughtshehadmarriedbeneathher(=marriedamanoflowersocialstatus).

àUNDER
beneathadverb:Hercarefulmake-uphidthesignsofagebeneath.12.order

n.[U]顺序inorderof:以……的顺序
outoforder：杂乱无序Thechildrenlinedupinorderofage/height.
IcantfindthefileIneedbecausetheyrealloutoforder(=theyarenolongerarrangedinthecorrectway).
Putthefilesinalphabeticalorder.

13.discount

n.[C]areductionintheusualprice:折扣Theyusuallygiveyouadiscountifyoubuymultiplecopies.
Theyoffera10percentdiscountonrailtravelforstudents.

atadiscount(a)atareducedprice打折扣;减价.(b)(fig比喻)nothighlyvalued;unfashionable不受重视的;不时兴的:Concernforothersseemstobeat(somethingof)adiscounttoday.如今好像不兴关心别人了.WordPowerLanguagePoints1.relyonsb./sth.

1)依靠，依赖
[+ingformofverb]Thesuccessofthisprojectreliesoneveryonemakinganeffort.
[+toinfinitive]Imrelyingonthegaragetofixthecarbytomorrow.
2)totrustsomeoneorsth.ortoexpectthemtobehaveinaparticularway指望，期待
Britishweathercanneverbereliedon-itsalwayschanging.
[+ingformofverb]Dontrelyonfindingmeherewhenyougetback(=Imighthavegone).GrammarParticiples分词分为现在分词和过去分词，具有动词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中作定语、补足语、表语或状语。其否定形式是直接在前面加not。分词的基本情况如下表所示：类别主动语态被动语态时间意义语态意义现在分词一般式DoingBeingdone与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生根据语态形式，主动或被动意义完成式HavingdoneHavingbeendone发生在谓语动词之前根据语态形式，主动或被动意义过去分词done无表示动作完成被动意义I.分词的构成

分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词构成为V+ing,过去分词构成为V+ed。分词也有一般式、过去式、完成式及主动和被动等各种形式。II.现在分词和过去分词的区别

1.在时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，而过去分词表示已经完成。Developingcountries发展中国家Thedevelopedcountries发达国家Boilingwater沸腾的水Boiledwater开水2.在语态上，现在分词表示主动，而过去分词表示被动。Theoppressingclass压迫阶级Theoppressedclass被压迫阶级Burningfire燃烧的火焰Burnedskin烧伤的皮肤III.分词的时态与语态

1.一般式（主动、被动）分词的一般式的主动式所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。其被动式表示这个动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时发生，主要作定语、状语或宾补。WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimreading.当我进入房间时，我发现他在读书。

Ifoundtheflowerswatered.我发现花已浇过了。

Thebuildingbeingrepairedisahospital.正在修建的建筑物是一家医院。

Hefoundthematterbeingtalkedeverywhere.他发现到处都在谈论这件事。

Beingsurrounded,theenemywereforcedtoputdowntheirguns.敌人被包围，不得不缴械投降。

2.完成式（主动、被动）分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。完成时态的分词在句中常作状语，一般不作定语。Nothavingmadeadequatepreparation,wepostponedthesportsmeet.

由于没做好充分的准备，我们推迟了运动会。

Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldhegiveitup?

给了这样好的机会，他怎能放弃呢？

3.现在分词的被动式与过去分词的区别过去分词表示动作已完成，不强调时间概念，而现在分词的被动式强调某一动作正在进行中。Thebuildingrepairedislibrary.修建过的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。

Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.正在修建的那个建筑物是我们的图书馆。

4.延续性动词和终止性动词的现在分词在时间含义上的区别延续性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个过去进行时时态的句子，而终止性动词的现在分词结构相当于一个一般过去时的从句。Walkinginthestreettheotherday(=WhileIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday),Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.那天我在马路上走时，突然碰到了我的一个老朋友。

Arrivingattheairport(=WhenIarrivedattheairport),Ifoundmylighthadtakenoff.

到达机场时，我发现我的班机已经起飞了。

IV.分词的独立结构

分词（短语）作状语时，尽管在形式上它没有主语，但其逻辑上的主语必须和谓语动词的主语保持一致。Studyinginthecollege(=WhenIstudiedinthecollege),Ilearnedalotfrommyteachers.

在大学学习时，我从老师那里学到了很多东西。但是,分词有时也有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为分词的独立结构。它可以表示时间，原因，条件，伴随的动作，有时还可用介词with,without来引导。Hismotherbeingill,heisabsenttoday.他的母亲病了，他今天没来。（原因）

Timepermitting,theywillstarttodoanewjob.如果时间允许，他们会开始做一项新工作。（条件）

Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.他满脸是汗地冲进了房间。（伴随）

Theytraveledawholeday,withoutanyfoodeaten.他们饿着肚子旅行了一整天。（伴随）

注意：分词用于独立结构时，如果分词是being,havingbeendone形式时，没有实际意义的being或havingbeen可以省略。Theoldmanwasinabadcondition,histemperature(being)over40℃andhispulse(being)weakandrapid.那位老人处于不好的状况，他的体温超过40℃，脉搏既弱又快。

Thereport(havingbeen)read,adiscussionbegan.读完报告，开始讨论。

Theexperiment(havingbeen)finished,weleftthelabandwenthome.实验结束后，我们离开了实验室回家了。Asadjectives:v-ing形式作定语1.单个的v-ing形式可以作前置定语，表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping发展中国家

anordinary-lookinghouse=ahousethatlooksordinary看起来很普通的房子

apuzzlingproblem=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebody困扰人的问题

2.作定语的v-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。Thebottlecontainingvinegarshouldbesenttothelaboratory.

装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去

Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。

3.某些情况下，定语不能用v-ing形式，必须用定语从句。①作定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。昨天来的教授将要给我们作一个讲座。

Theprofessorcominghereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.Theprofessorwhocamehereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.②v-ing形式的完成式一般只用作状语，不作定语。被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。

Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.Thetemplewhichhasbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.v-ed形式作定语1.单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。Awatchedpotneverboils.心急锅不开。

Allthebrokendoorsandwindowshavebeenrepaired.所有的坏门窗都修好了。

Whenwearrived,weeachweregivenaprintedquestionpaper.

　我们到达的时候，每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷。

提　示如要表示强调，单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。　Moneyspentismorethanmoneyearned.入不敷出。2.带有修饰语或其他成分的v-ed形式一般都作后置定语，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。Wehavereadmanynovelswrittenbythisauthor.

(=thatarewrittenbythisauthor)我们读过这个作家写的许多小说。

Halfofthehonoredguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.

(=whohadbeeninvitedtothereception)

被邀请到招待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。

Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.

(=whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents)

这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席了。

Awomandressedlikealawyercameinandtookherseatasjudge.

(=whowasdressedlikealawyer)

一个律师装扮的女人走了进来，并作为法官就座。

v-ing和v-ed形式作定语的区别1．及物动词的-ing形式作定语表示与被修饰名词是主动关系，及物动词的-ed形式表示与被修饰名词是被动关系。

ThegroupcalledGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.

ThegroupcallingitselfGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.

2．不及物动词-ing形式表示动词正在进行，而v-ed形式表示动作已完成。

therisingsun正在升起的太阳therisensun升起了的太阳

boilingwater正沸腾的水boiledwater开水

fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子fallenleaves落叶

changingcondition变化着的情况changedcondition改变了的情况

developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家

不及物动词－ed形式只表示完成的意义，并不带有被动的含义。

anescapedprisoner=aprisonerwhohasescaped逃犯

aretiredworker=aworkerwhohasretired退休工人

anewlyarrivedguest=aguestwhohasjustarrived新来的客人Asadverbsv-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，其动作执行者与句子主语是主动一致。在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。1表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。

Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.

(=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations...)

2表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Beingill,hedidntgotoschoolyesterday.(=Sincehewasill...)

3表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。

Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.(=andlefthimalotofmoney.)

4表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。

Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons...

5表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。

Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.

=Althoughtheyknewallthis...

6表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。

Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.

=...andstaredattheskyforalongtime

v-ed形式作状语

动词-ed形式作状语和动词-ing形式作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。但其动作执行者与句子主语是被动一致。1动词-ed形式作状语表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。

Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.

(=Whenthecityisseenfromthetower...)

Completelyexaminedbythedoctors,hewentbacktoschoolrightaway.

(=Afterhewascompletelyexamined...)

有时动词-ed形式前可加连词when,while等来强调时间概念。

Oncerecovered,hewentallouttodohiswork.

一恢复健康，他就全力以赴地干起了工作。

Whenaskedwhyshewaslateforclassagain,shehungherheadinshame.

当被问到为什么上课又迟到时，她羞愧地低下了头。

Oncestarted,theclockwillgohalfamonthandkeepgoodtime.

一旦给这钟上了发条，它就会走半个月，并且走得很准。

2动词-ed形式作状语表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Movedbytheheroicdeeds,thechildrencouldnthelpcrying.

(=Sincetheyweremovedbytheheroicdeeds...)

Writteninhaste,herletterisveryhardtoread.(=Asitwaswritteninhaste...)

Excitedbythenewdiscovery,wedecidedtogooutandcelebrate.

(=Becausewewereexcitedby...)

3动词-ed形式作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.　(=Ifwaterisheated...)

Givenmoretime,hewouldbeabletodobetter.(=Ifhewasgivenmoretime...)

Comparedwithotherprofessors,shewasanexcellentspeaker.　

(=Ifshewascomparedwithotherprofessors...)

4动词-ed形式作状语表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.

(=Althoughtheywereexhaustedbytherunning...)

Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisresearch.

(=Evenifhewaslaughedby...)

为了使-ed形式表示的条件、动词让步意义更加明显，我们可以加上适当的连词。

Evenifinvited,Iwontgo.即使受到邀请，我也不去。

Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidnotloseheart.

Unlessinvited,hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.

5动词-ed形式作状语表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明时，通常位于句子的后面，相当于一个并列分句。

Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.(=andhewassurrounded…)　Hewentintotheoffice,followedbysomechildren.　(=andhewasfollowedbysomechildren)LanguagePoints1.head

v.togoinaparticulardirection走向，往某地出发
1）Iwasheadingoutoftheroomwhenshecalledmeback.
2）Heheadedstraightfor(=wenttowards)thefridge.
3）Ithinkweoughttoheadback/home(=returntowherewestarted)now,beforeitgetstoodark.2.Theyhavedonesointhehopethatpeoplewilltakenoticeoftheproblemscausedbypoisonoussmokeandgasfromcars.

1).Inthehopeof:怀着……希望Ihaven’tphonedyoutillfouroclockinthehopethatyoudbefinished.

2).takenotice(of):注意
togiveattentiontosomething:
Iaskedhimtodrivemoreslowly,buthedidnttakeanynotice.
Donttakeanynoticeof/Takenonoticeofwhatyourmothersays—shesjustinabadmood.3.ItwasanA+,whichwasbeyondmymodestexpectations.

beyond

prep.,adv.
1).outsideorafter(astatedlimit):
(1)Fewpeoplelivebeyondtheageofahundred.
(2)Wecannotallowtheworktocontinuebeyondtheendoftheyear.
(3)Histhoughtlessnessisbeyondbelief(=issogreatthatitisimpossibletobelieve)

2).Ifsth.isbeyondyou,youareunabletounderstandit:
Imafraidphysicsiscompletelybeyondme.TaskLanguagePoints1.Thestormswashedawaysoilalongtheroadandpartoftheroadisstillunderrepair.(P59)

washsth.away

Ifwaterorrainwashessth.away,itremovesitorcarriesitaway:
Thebloodonthepavementhadbeenwashedawaybytherainovernight.

underrepairbeingrepairedThehouseisunderrepairnow,sowehavetorentonetoliveinforawhile.

相关：underdiscussion在讨论中

underconsideration在考虑中

underconstruction在建设中2.remind

v.[T]tomakesomeoneawareofsth.theyhaveforgottenormighthaveforgotten:
[+toinfinitive]Pleaseremindmetopostthisletter.
[+(that)]IrangJillandremindedher(that)theconferencehadbeencancelled.

remindyouofsth./sb.tobesimilarto,andmakeyouthinkof,sth.orsomeoneelse:使人想起……
Yourhairandeyesremindmeofyourmother.ProjectLanguagePoints1.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedgreatlyoverthepastyear.(P62)

arise

v.[I](arose,arisen)tohappen:
Shouldtheopportunityarise,IdlovetogotoChina.
CouldyouworkonSaturday,shouldtheneedarise(=ifitweretobenecessary)?
Arethereanymattersarisingfrom(=causedby)thelastmeeting?2.Thisnoticeisaimedatincreasingpeople’sawarenessoftheproblembecauseithasbecomequiteextreme.(P62)

aimatsth.

toplan,hope/intendtoachievesth.:
Thetalksareaimingatacompromise.

[+doing]Thegovernmentscampaignisaimedatinfluencingpublicopinion.

awareadj.knowingthatsth.exists,orhavingknowledgeorexperienceofaparticularthing:[+that]Iwasntevenawarethathewasill.
Shewaswell(=very)awarethathewasmarried.

Wereyouawareoftherisksatthetime?

Isuddenlybecameawareof(=startedtonotice)himlookingatme.

"HasClaudepaidthephonebill?""NotasfarasImaware."(=Idontthinkso)
awareness

n.[U]
Publicawarenessoftheproblemwillmakepoliticianstakeitseriously.
Environmentalawarenesshasincreaseddramaticallyoverthepastdecade.3.Wemustallbeawareofthepotentialcausesoftrafficaccidentsandacttopreventthem.(P62)

potentialadj.possiblewhenthenecessaryconditionsexist:
1)Anumberofpotentialbuyershaveexpressedinterestinthecompany.
2)Manypotentialcustomersarewaitingforafallinpricesbeforebuying.
3)TheaccidentisagrimreminderofthepotentialdangersinvolvedinNorthSeaoilproduction4.Manydriversareaggressiveandpushintootherlanesoftrafficorovertakeothercars.(P62)

aggressiveadj.1)behavinginanangryandviolentwaytowardsanotherperson:
Mentendtobemoreaggressivethanwomen.
IfIcriticizehim,hegetsaggressiveandstartsshouting.

2)determinedtowinorsucceedandusingforcefulactiontoachievevictoryorsuccess:
anaggressiveelectioncampaign
aggressivemarketingtactics

overtakev.(overtook,overtaken)vt.togobeyondsth.bybeingagreateramountordegree:
OurUSsaleshavenowovertakenoursalesinEurope.
Wedplannedtoholdameetingtomorrow,buteventshaveovertakenus(=thingshavechanged).

2)vt./vi.tocomefrombehindanothervehicleorapersonandmoveinfrontofit:
Alwayscheckyourrearviewmirrorbeforeyouovertake(anothercar).5.Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedforspeakingontheirmobilephoneswhiledrivinghasincreasedby30percent.(P62)

finen.c.anamountofmoneythathastobepaidasapunishmentfornotobeyingaruleorlaw:
Themaximumpenaltyfortheoffenceisa00fine.
Iffoundguilty,hefacessixmonthsinjailanda

heavy(=severe)fine.vt.Driverswhoexceedthespeedlimitcanexpecttobefinedheavily.
[+twoobjects]Theyfinedhim0forusingthreateningbehavior.6.Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinks,youareviolatingthelawandriskingyourownlifeaswellasthelivesofothers.(P62)

consumevt.1)tousefuel,energyortime,especiallyinlargeamounts:
Ourhighlivingstandardscauseourpresentpopulationtoconsume25percentoftheworldsoil.

2)FORMALtoeatordrink,especiallyalotofsth.:
Heconsumesvastquantitiesofchipswitheverymeal.
7.violatevt.

tobreakoractagainststh.,especiallyalaw,agreement,principleorsth.thatshouldbetreatedwithrespect:
Theywerechargedwithviolatingfederallaw.8.risk

vt.1)todosth.althoughthereisachanceofabadresult:
---"Itsdangeroustocrosshere."

---"Illjusthavetoriskit."
[+doing]Heriskedlosinghishousewhenhiscompanywentbankrupt.
2)Ifyourisksth.important,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit:
Heriskedlifeandlimbtogetthecatdownfromthetree.
Shewaspreparedtoriskeverythingonalastthrowofthedice.UnitRevisionWordList

1.underground/subway2.distant3.transport4.carriage5.comparatively6.narrow7.district8.advanced9.inconvenient10.minister地铁遥远的运输，运送车厢，四轮马车比较而言地，相对地窄的，狭窄的地区，行政区高级的，先进的不方便的部长，大臣11.effectively12.horrible13.damp/wet14.gas15.official16.increase17.coast18.modest19.airline20.timetable有效地可怕的，恐怖的潮湿的汽油，天然气，气体官员增加海岸，海滨谦虚的航线时间表

21.port/harbour22.cause23.pedestrian24.lorry25.impatient26.bicycle27.pavement28.tyre29.invitation30.fine港口起因，事业，原因行人，步行者卡车不耐烦的自行车人行道轮胎诱因，请帖罚款31.assumption32.irresponsible33.overtake34.overload35.flyover36.reliable37.punctual38.assignment39.release假定，意想不负责任的超过，赶上使超载立交桥，高架公路可靠的，可信赖的准时的，准点的分派的任务，布置的作业释放排放，发行发表周年纪念日

[Seenextpage]
40.anniversary41.annoy42.undertake43.album44.acquisition45.distinction46.vehicle47.beneath48.shuttle49.boundary50.departure使生气承担，着手做相册，集邮册取得，获得，学到区别，声誉，名声车辆，交通工具在…下梭子，航天飞机边界，分界线离开，启程

51.aggressive52.alcoholic53.orderly54.dismiss55.adminstration56.sacrifice好斗的，侵略性的，咄咄逼人的酒精的，含酒精的秩序井然的，有条理的解散、打发行政部门、管理牺牲、奉献

Phrases

1.chokeoff2.steamengine3.inthemiddleof4.gosightseeing5.atadiscount6.inthehopethat7.takenonoticeof8.makebetteruseof9.makeupfor10.newsflash11.speedup12.washaway13.underrepair14.byferry15.inadditionto16.arisefrom17.beaimedat18.trafficjam19.acoupleof20.pickupanddropoffpeople21.havethedistinctionof22.theproblemwithtraffic23.theincreasednumberofvehicles24.thecenterofLondon25.linkup26.awealthyAmericanbusinessman27.beresponsiblefor28.beinuse29.increasepeople’sawarenessoftheproblem30.travelontheunderground31.duringWorldWarII32.acceleratethepaceof33.beneaththesurfaceoftheground34.inhonourof35.tollroad36.studentticket37.customsofficer阻塞蒸汽机在…的中间观光，游览打折希望没注意到更好地利用弥补，补偿简明，新闻快讯加速冲掉，冲垮正在修理中乘轮渡除…之外，包括由…引起，起源于目的是，旨在交通拥堵，塞车两三个上下客有…的声誉交通问题不断增加了车辆伦敦市中心连接起来一位富裕的美国商人对…负责在使用中提高人们对问题的认识乘地铁旅游在二战期间加快…的步伐紧贴地表以下为了纪念收费公路学生月票海关官员

38.causedamageto39.comparativelynarrowtunnels40.beyondone’smodestexpectations41.at(during)peaktravelseasons42.apublicnotice43.PrimeMinister44.aclosedstation45.ananti-aircraftcenter46.functionas47.undertheauthorityof48.circleline49.bombshelter50.MayDayholiday51.trafficaccidents52.payattentiontosurroundingtraffic53.keep/beingoodcondition54.taketheadvantageof55.publictransport56.doone’spart57.runintoapedestrian58.violatethetrafficaccidents59.makedumplings产生破坏相对狭窄的隧道超乎某人保守估计在旅游旺季公告首相，总理一个已关闭的地铁站一个反空袭中心起到…作用在…控制之下环线防空洞五一节交通事故注意周围的车辆状态良好利用公共交通贡献一份力量撞到一个行人违反交通规则包饺子

1.dropoff让…下车（数量）减低，逐渐消失2.chokeoff阻；阻止3.lineup连接；会合4.function…as用作5.acceleratethepaceof加快…的步伐6.gosightseeing去观光7.permit/allowsb.todo允许某人做某事8.atadiscount打折9.relyon依赖，依靠10.endwith以…结束11.inthehopeof/inhopsof怀着…的希望；withthepurposeof带着…目的；forthepurposeof为了…目的withtheintentionofdoing12.takenoticeof注意到=takenoteoftakenotesof做笔记takenonoticeof不注意；不理踩=ignore;passby13.makebetteruseof=makethebestof=makethemostof更好地利用makeuseof利用==takeadvantageof14.makeupfor补尝；弥补(recoversth.recoverfrom)15.newsflash简明新闻16.washaway冲掉（走）17.underrepair在修理中~discussion在讨论中~examination在考试中~review在复习中~study在研究中~consideration在考虑中~construction在兴建中~investigation在调查中~control在控制中18.byferry渡船byboat/byship/bysea/bybike(plane;train;car;bus)19.inadditionto除…之外=apartfrom;otherthan;except(for)20.arisefrom由……引起=resultfrom;asaresultof21.beaimedat目的是bemeanttodoaimatsth.瞄准aimatdoingsth.目的是/力争达到aimtobe立志成为22.trafficjam交通堵塞；塞车23.acoupleof两个；两三个24.Mayday五一25.causedamageto使……受到损害26.acceleratethepackof加快27.inuse使用中28.bepoweredby由…提供能量.29.theincreasednumberof急速增加的…数量30.leadto导致31.itisdecidedthat决定32.beneaththesurface在地面下.33.pullthrough摆脱,度过难关.34.undertheauthorityof在…的管理下.35.Inhonorof为记念….36.whynot….?为何不….37.travelcards乘车卡.38.bombshelters防空避难所
Practice1.distinction:c.n.u.n.(1)difference区别;(2)honour,reputation荣誉，名声withdistinction优秀地Thedistinctionsofbirthorrankmatteralotevenincontemporarysociety.Hepassedtheexam______________--hescored99marks!TheLondonUnderground,orasitiscommonlyknown,theTube,enjoysthedistinctionofbeingtheoldestandmostcomplexundergroundsystemintheworld.(metro/subway)

distinct:adj.(1)clearlydifferentlyfrom…明显区别于(2)verylikely,probable很可能(3)notable,prominent卓越的；不寻常的(4)clearlydefined;unquestionable确定无误的；确切的

adistinctoccasion/flavor;adistincthonorandhighprivilege显赫的名声和崇高的殊荣Thereisadistinctpossibilitythatshewontcome.distinguish…(from/between…)vt.区分，辨别Canyoudistinguishthedifferentmusicalinstrumentsplayingnow?Everyoneofusshouldlearnhowtodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.2.It’sa_______sensetocall119whenthereisfire.(general,ordinary,common,usual)3.distantadj.DoyouknowthedistancebetweenBeijingandShanghai?Who’sthemaninthedistance?4.boundary=border

5.historical=belongingtohistory历史的;historic=notableormemorableinhistory历史上著名的;historianTherebuildingofthecitywilldogreatdamagetothe__________buildings.It’sreallytroublesometohandlesomeofthe__________problemsleftbyourfathers.6.transportn.vt.(trans-通过＋port港口)transportationn.airport;importn.vt.;exportn.vt.;imported/exportedgoods(port,harbor,thePearlHarbor)7.chockoff=blockTheincreasedvehiclesontheroadchockedofftraffic.8.beneath:(1)under/below;(2)notworthyof…不值得Hisaccusationsarebeneathnotice.It’sbeneathyoutocomplainaboutit.9._______(compare)with/tootherwomen,sheis*lucky.Theyouthsareusuallycompared______therisingsun.Noonecancompare_______Shakespeareasawriteroftragedies.Thistunnelis__________/___________(相对)narrow.Theredonecostsmoreincomparison(withthegreenone).Theviewofthelittlehillisbeyond/without/past_________.这小山的景色无与伦比。10.linkup=uniteSeveralrelatedcompanieslinkedupandformedagiantgroup.belinkedto…11.district行政区,area通用词,region自然区域,zone有明显特征和划分的区域section部分,断片,节,项

apostal________;theforest________;thewild_________;theflooded_________;aresidential(居住的)_________;thesmokeless__________;thewar/danger__________;thetorrid/temperate/frigid(热/温/寒)_________12.Thenewpolicywillsurelyacceleratethe______(pace/step)oftheeconomicdevelopmentofourcountry.keeppacewith跟上，与…同Arewageskeepingpacewithinflation?工资的提高能否与通货膨胀同步？

Thesnakewasjustlyingafewsteps/pacesaheadofme.

13.convenient--convenience;inconvenient

Cometohaveachatwhenyouareconvenient.(改错)=Cometohaveachatatyourconvenience.

Wemadesuchanarrangementjustforyourconvenience.

14.separate…from…;divide…into…;

Ineedaseparateroom.Theypartedatthestationandwentontheirownwaysseparately.

15.acquirevt.--acquisitionn.(1)获得；(2)获得物

Thesedoctorsarethevaluable___________(难得人才)toourhospital.

Thisbookisthelatesta__________toourlibrary.

16.havetheauthorityforsth./todo…;(be)undertheauthorityof…

Youdonthaveanyauthorityforenteringthishouse.Itsprivate.Whogaveyoutheauthoritytodothat?

Theauthorityclaimedthatallthepeopleattendingthemeetingwillbearrested.

Noonedarestochallengehisauthority.TheagencyisundertheauthorityofEducationMinistry.

17.expandv.--expansionn.TherewasmuchexpansionofLondonundergroundasnewconnectionswere

builtbetweentrainlinesandnewstationswerebuilt.

Toorapid________maynotnecessarilyagoodthingforourdevelopment.

18.architecture建筑,建筑学n.--architect建筑师n.--architecturaladj.建筑上的,建筑学的

19.Thefunctionofanadjectiveistodescribeoraddtothemeaningofanoun.

Theoldmachinewontfunctionproperlyifyoudontoilitregularly.

functionas=serveas/workas用作，充当

DuringWorldWarII,whenLondonwasbombed,manyundergroundstationsfunctionedasbombshelters.

20.anti-aircraft;anti-virus;anti-Japanese;antibiotics

21.ministry(政府的)部门;minister部长，大臣(PrimeMinister首相);premier总理(PremierZhou)

theMinistryofNationalDefense;MinistryofEducation;MinistryofFinance财政部;MinistryofCommerce商业部;MinistryofCommunications交通部;MinistryofForeignAffairs外交部;MinistryofPersonnel人事部

22.administratevt.,vi.管理;administrationn.管理,经营,行政部门

23.user-friendly;environmentallyfriendly;wildlife-friendly

24.permitsb.todo…=allowsb.todo…;*permit/allowdoing…;allowfor…(考虑到…)

ask/give/refusepermission(请求/给予/拒绝许可)(permitn.执照)

Ifmyhealthpermits/Myhealth_______,Iwillgoontocopewithittogetherwithyou.

Wedon’tpermit_______(smoke)here.=Nooneisallowed/permit________(smoke)here.

(Attention:permit较allow语气更强，permit--允许+鼓励;allow--默许/不反对)

25.gosightseeing26.horribleadj.;horrifysb.vt.;horrorn.

27.*3score/dozen;scoresof/dozensof;scoreagoodmark;

fortnight;decade;century;quarter;

28.discountn.vt.:discountsth.(1)打折(2)低估，忽视；atadiscount;adiscountedticket;discountcard

Theybargainedwiththeselleralongtimeandfinallygottheskirt________________.

Thepolice_______thepossibilitythatthiswasatheftbecausenothingexpensivehadbeentakenaway.

Youshould_______agreatdealofwhatappearsonline.

29.release:(1)释放releaseaprisoner;releasesewageintoariver;

(2)免除/解除(债务,义务或痛苦)releaseone’sdebts/right/suffering

(3)发行（书刊、影片）releaseafilm/book

(4)n.轻松，放松Aftertheexam,wehadafeelingofrelease.

30.inthehopethat/of…;withthehope/purposeof…

31.take(no)noticeof…WhenIcamein,hejusttooknonoticeofme.

32.Hecyclestoschooleveryday.=Hegoestoschoolbycyclingeveryday.

Somedriversdrivesofast,puttingthecyclistsandpedestriansindanger/risktheirownlivesaswellasothers’.

33.make(good/better/full)useof…;makethebest/mostof…;takeadvantageof…

34.aimagunat…;beaimedatsth./doing…目的在于…；旨在…aimtodo…aimfor…

Workhardandaimhigh!Theyallaimedforthejobsinbigcities.Theplanisaimedateliminatingpoverty.Mostofusworkhardatschoolaimingtoenteragooduniversity/aimingtobeadmittedbyagooduniversity.35.confuse…with…把…和…混淆；Don’tconfuse“sign”with“sigh”.Herconfusingreplygotmeconfused.Youneedtothinkitoverandtrytoclarifytheconfusionofideas.36.tiring;tired;betiredof…;trying;boring;bored;dull

37.annoysb.(使愠怒)–annoyed–annoying,toone’sannoyance;irritatesb.(激怒)–irritated–irritating

38.undertake:(1)承担,担任(2)许诺,保证(3)着手做…undertaketodo…;undertakingn.事业，企业undertakeajob/post;Ican’tundertakethatyouwillsurelygetaprofitindoingso.

39.sacrificen.v.makesacrificestodo…;sacrificeone’slife(1)tosth/(2)todo…

Alambwasofferedinsacrifice.Hisparentsmadesacrificestopayforhiseducation.Hesacrificedhislifetosavethedrowningboy.Shesacrificedallherpleasureandpastimestoherhusband’sinterestsandwelfare.

40.assign…tosb.分配/派;assignsb.todo…分配/安排Whataretodaysassignment?今天的作业是什么?

Themonitor____________takenotesforthemeeting.Theteacher_____thehardestwork______us.

41.beyondone’sability;beyondimagination/expectation/hope;beyonddoubt;beyonddebate…

42.Weshouldworkmuchharderto________________thelosttimeandopportunities.

43.Duetotherain,themeetingwasputoff(=d_________/p_________)________nextMonday.

44.seaside海边(广义);coast海岸(线);beach海滩,沙滩;shore(河，湖，海)水陆相连的地方

Wearegoingtothe______tospendtheholiday.It’sverycomfortabletoliedownonthe_____bathinginthesun.Therearemanycoralreefs(珊瑚礁)*______theeast_______ofAustralia.The______aroundthelakeisreallyaparadiseforadiversevarietyofwaterbirds.

45.airline航线airlines航空公司flight航班;(fly–flew–flown–flightn.)

46.Aboltoflightningflashedacrossthehorizon.Anevilideaflashedintohismind.Thecarsflashedpast/bylikeagustofwind.I’llbereadyinaflash.Apieceofnewswasflashedonthescreen.newsflash

47.Let’s____________(加速)forthereislittletimeleft.Wouldyouplease____________(减速)?Iwanttogetoffhere.Thetaxidriver____________(加速)speedsuddenlyandovertookthepolicecarinaflash.Ifyougoondriving_____sucha______(以如此快的速度)speed,I’llneverrideinyourcaranylonger.______ourspeedmaybenow(速度是多少),youguess?48.depart:(1)=leave(尤其用于交通工具运行)timeofdeparture/arrival(2)违背departfromroutine/customs(3)去世depart(from)thislifethedeparted死去的人49.Iftheforestis____________(砍光),therewillbenothingtoputthesoil_____________(保持)andthefertilesoilwillbe____________(冲走)byrain.50.repair/mend/fix/patch大多数情况下可通用。(1)fix是非正式用语；(2)复杂的和大规模的修理多用repair;(3)patch打补丁(4)mend表示对破物或衣服进行修理或修补，也可以表示治愈创伤，矫正过错或使破裂的感情重归于好

do/makerepairsto…;beyondrepair;underrepair(underdiscussion/construction/control/way…)ingood/badrepair(=ingoodbadcondition);repairto…到...去(特指成群地去或经常去)Youmustdosomethingto_______yourreputation.Thetapisleaking.Wemust_______it.…buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclock_______.Hes_______nicelyafterhisoperation.It’sofgreatnecessitytoreflectyourselfand______yourwayofdoingthings.It’sa______softwareandyoudon’tneedtoregisteronline.Thewatchis__________.Irecommendbuyinganewone.Althoughtheoldclockisover100yearsold,itis_____rather____________(状况良好).Myfamily_______________(常去)therestauranttoenjoythedeliciouslobsters.Hawaiiisalwaysthe______(经常光顾的地方)oftouristsallovertheworld.Theyareworkingovertime_______________(修理)thecomputer.51.byair/water/sea/car/bus/bike/train/rail/ferry;onfoot;ina/the/one’scar;onone’sbikeIwenttoschool_____myfather’scaryesterday.He______ataxitothehospitaljustnow.Wedecidetogothere_____________(步行).=Wedecideto_______there.Thepresidentisto____________(飞往)Londontomorrow.=ThepresidentistoleaveforLondon____________.Maryusuallygoestowork_____herbike.TheyplanedtovisitDalian______________(坐轮渡).52.peak/summit山顶，顶峰(1)peak通常指最高点(2)summit指可达到的最高水平；注意习惯搭配：atthepeakofthewriterscareer;apeakincurrent.电流的峰值;Salestendtopeakjustbeforetheholidays.节日前销售量趋于最高潮;workingatpeakefficiency.最大效率的运转;asummitconference

53.Sheisalwaysp________,butherfriendisalwayslate.Heisar_________friendtodependon.54.arise:vi.(1)出现;发生arisefrom/outof=resultfrom;(2)起来;站起arise--arouse---risen

arouse:vt.唤醒,唤起arouse–aroused–aroused

Mr.Black’shumorousandlivelyinstruction_______students’greatinterest.Theoddsightoftheanimal_______ourcuriosity.I______earlyeverymorning.Thefailure____________yourcarelessness.Theproblemdidn’t_______asexpected.Thetsunami__________________anstrongearthquake.55.extremelyn.;extremeadj.n.;gotoextreme

56.cause--必然的，直接的“根源”;reason–逻辑或理解上的“理由”(有时可通用，有交集)Theheavyrainwasthe______oftheflood.What’s______forhisoddbehaviors?Numerousheroesandheroinessacrificedtheirlivesforthe______ofpeaceandfreedom.57.Whendriversdonotpayattentionto__________traffic,theyarenotpreparedwhenanotherdriverdoessomethingwrong,likechanginglaneswithoutsignallingorgivingwrongsignals.It’sapeacefulvillage________bygreentreesandbeautifulflowers.Humanactivitiesarecloselyaffectingtheir__________.(surrounding,surrounded,surroundings)

58.bepatient/impatientwith…;patience/impatiencen.acoupleof

59.Thereis_______trafficontheroadsowearelikelytobelate.=Thetrafficontheroadisvery________.60.aggressive:(1)侵略性的；攻击性的(2)有进取心的anaggressiveyoungexecutive一个进取心很强的年轻管理人员;Heisveryaggressive他生性好斗。61.overtake:(1)赶上；超过(2)（灾难）突然降临(overtake--overtook--overtaken)Thecarovertookthetruck.Astormovertookthechildren.孩子们遇到了暴风雨。62.concentrate(…)on….;concentrationn.专心；集中（注意力）;含量（百分比）Thisthesiswillneedallyourconcentration.这篇论文需要全神贯注才能读懂。Whatistheconcentrationofsaltinseawater?海水中盐的含量是多少？63.consumevt.--consumern.--consumptionn.64.violate(=break)thelaw/rules65.dismiss:(1)解雇；开除(2)解散；遣散(3)不理会；自心中摒除(4)〈法〉驳回Hewasdismissedfromhisjob.Thechairmandismissedthemeeting.Youaredismissed.(下课)Agoodfewpeopledismisstheideaassheer(纯粹的)nonsense.不少人认为这种想法是胡说八道。Hisappealwasdismissed.驳回他的上诉.66.assume:(1)假定；假设,以为(2)采用；承担(=takeon)assumption假定；假设Iassumeyoualwaysgetupatthesametime.assume(=undertake/takeon)aresponsibility/newdutiesAssuming/Supposingthehouseisforsale,wouldyoubuyit?anassumedname一个假名字Theirassumptionthattheirprojectunderwaywassomethingentirelynewproved(tobe)untrue.Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthat(=takeitforgrantedthat)trafficlawsdonotapplyto(适用)them.Don’trelyontheinformationsheprovided.It’spurea__________onherpart.67.load…with…装载Thetruckwasloadedwithgoods.overload:使超载download/uploadCarryingmorethanalightloadonyourbicycleoroverloadingitmakesitunsteadyandmoredifficulttocontrol.

68.Hesentmeae-mail,________(invite)metodinner.*Overloadingisa/an__________(诱因)toaccidents.69.Trafficlightsaretheretoguidetrafficinano_______way.orderly,friendly,deadly,lovely,likely,likely,lonely,motherly,monthly,weekly,yearly

70.takeshelterin/under…寻求保护/庇护It’sdangeroustotakeshelterunderabigtreeinathunderstorm.71.cover…with…(用…来覆盖…);becoveredby(被…覆盖—静态);becoveredwith(长满了/铺满了…—动态)Over70percentofthesurfaceoftheearthiscovered_____water.Mumcoveredherbaby_____ablanket.Thegroundiscovered_____whitesnow.Thehilliscovered_____bushesandmosses.I’veneverseensuchahandcovered_____thickhair!72.Itisa__________(waste)effort__________(attempt)topersuadehimtogivein.73.bepoweredby由…提供动力/支持

Themaglevtrainispoweredbymagnets.ThewebsiteispoweredbyCCTV.74.dodamageto…;doharmto…;dowrongto…;dogoodto…

75.inhonourof…;inmemoryof…;incelebrationof…76.inuse;outofuseTheoldrailwayisn’t___________.=Itis_________________.77.Iboughtaticket______________andr______theundergroundthreetimes(买了一张折扣票，坐了3次地铁).79.faxsb./sendafaxtosb.;e-mailsb./sendane-mailtosb.80.Haveyou____whentogothereforsightseeing?No,wehaven’t____theexactdate.(decide/decideon)81.Duringp________travelseasonstheferriesareusuallyfullofp________.Sometimestheslowferriesarenotveryp__________sotheyarenotr_________.Thereisnog_________thatyoucangettheparticularferryyouwant.在旅游高峰季节，渡船往往客满为患。有时，慢船不很准时，因而不可靠。无法保证你能上得一合适的船。

82.Trafficaccidentscausemanyd________andi________everyyear,solearninghowtoprotectyourselff______dangerontheroadsisveryimportant.

Thepoliceinourcityhaver________apublicnoticee_________theproblemoftrafficaccidentsand

s________waysthatcitizenscanp_______accidents.警方发布了一则公告，说明了当前交通事故的问题，并向市民推荐了一些防范措施。

83.--Whenwillwegothere,MondayorTuesday?--It’s__________you(todecideit).Eitherwilldotome.

Whatareyoubusywith/doingthesedays?=Whatareyou____________thesedays?

Theweathertodayhasincreased____________(高达)30℃.(upto:(1)____(2)____(3)_____)

84.IwaslateforthemeetingthismorningbecauseIgota______tyrehalfway.

85.*Hewentuptotheboy,andpattedhimon______(his/the)should,_______(lead)himaway.

Hewentuptotheboy,patted_______(his/the)headand________(lead)himaway.

Thegirlwaslyingonthegrass,herhands_______(cross)underherhead.

______________________(沉浸在思考中),Mrs.Daididn’tpayattentiontowhatherhusbandcomplained.

_________(consider)everything,hediditquitewell.________(assume)itistrue,whatshouldwedo?

86.betrueof…对...适用,符合于Itis____________everybody,sothereisnoexception.

Thefilmisboringandthesameis____________itsmusic.

87.Givenmoretime,he’llm______(成为)afirstclasstennisplayer.Shecouldnotsit_______theboringfilm.

88.--______________Lilygotsolazyandcareless?--Ihavenoidea,either.89.--Alan!--What’sitthistime?You’verungmethreetimestoday!(又有什么事？)90.takesb.bysurprise使吃了一惊，吓了一跳;makefor/headforYoushouldhavecalledmeinadvance.Youreallytookmebysurprise.Iwasjustmakingforthedoorwhenhesuddenlyseizedbytheneckfrombehind.91.gointoeffect生效;insearchof搜寻;beyondthereachof...;accountfor解释,说明,占,是TheRoadTrafficLaw__________________inMaylastyear.Theyarecombingtheforest__________________ofthemurderer.Doputthemedicine________________________children.Electricalequipmentbringsc__________toourlife,butitalso________________oneofthecommonestandmostdangerouscausesofhomeaccidents.92.Thoughinsurancecompanymay__________________(补偿)someofthelossesfinanciallywhenanaccidenthappens,theycannothelpwhenyourdearlybelovedrelativespassaway.Soyou’dbetterbecautious.Don’t_______futurehappiness_______onetimeconvenience(为一时方便葬送了未来的幸福).

Unit1Livingwithtechnology单元复习学案

Unit1Livingwithtechnology单元复习学案
词汇导练
1．Theprofessorcameintothelecturehall，____________(陪伴)bysomeassistants.
2．Hisnewlyboughtmobilephoneisequippedwithtwo____________(电池)，whichmaysavealotoftime.
3．Gasisoneofthemodern________(便利)thenewlybuiltapartmentbuildingprovides.
4.Hisbusyworkdidn’tpreventhimfromgoingtoseehiscolleaguesbeforetheSpringFestival____________(亲自)．
5．Asmiddleschoolstudents，youshouldmakeyourplansforstudieswith____________(谨慎)，otherwisealotoftimewouldbewasted.
6．Ididn’tknowthefactthattherecorderplayerusedtobew____________byhanduntilIlearnedthehistoryofTVandaudiodevices.
7．Tothed____________ofhisparents，hehasmadeafullrecovery.
8．Thenewtechnologywasa____________tofarming.
9．Whenwillthefootballgamebeb____________liveonTV?
10．Thiscomputeriss____________totheoneyouboughtlastyear，andtheyarealmostthesame.
11．Shed____________animmediateexplantion.
12．Mymotherdoesn’tlikemewearingshortskirtstochurch－shedoesn’tthinkthey’re____________(suit)．
1．accompanied　2.batteries　3.conveniences　4.personally　5.caution　6.wound　7.delight　8.applied　9.broadcast
10．similar　11.demanded　12.suitable
短语汇集
1．________________在过去几十年里
2．________________上市，面市
3．________________有史以来第一次
4．________________给人民生活带来极大的方便
5．________________误拿了你的伞
6．________________未必，不一定
7．________________目前；暂时
8．________________熟悉某事
9．________________被暴露在……之下
10．________________向那家公司申请一份工作
11．________________及时赶上……
12．________________负责某事
13．________________基于……之上
1.inthelastfewdecades　2.comeontothemarket　3.forthefirsttimeever　4.bringgreatconveniencetopeople’slife　5.takeyourumbrellabymistake　6.notnecessarily,7.forthetimebeing　8.sb.befamiliarwithsth./sth.befamiliartosb.　9.beexposedto...　10.applytothecompanyforajob　11.intimefor.../intimetodosth.12.beresponsibleforsth./taketheresponsibilityforsth.,13.bebasedon...
语句试译
1．(回归课本P2)It________morethantwodecades，though，until1951，________colourbroadcasts________beginintheUSA.但是，直到1951年，花了20多年时间，彩色电视节目才得以在美国开播。
2．(回归课本P3)DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedin1987inGermanyandsincethebeginningof1999，thepopularityofMP3hasincreasedto________adegreethatmajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.
德国于1987年开始研发MP3技术。自1999年初以来，MP3越来越受欢迎，因此许多大公司凭借MP3播放器占领了便携式音乐播放器市场。
3．(回归课本P14)Itwasfoundthatpeoplewhousedmobilephoneswere________________________likelytohaveabraintumouronthesideoftheheadwheretheyheldtheirphones________peoplewhodidnotusethem.
人们发现，使用手机的人头部一侧接触话机患脑瘤的可能性是不使用手机者的两倍半。
4．(回归课本P14)Itwasfoundthataftereighteenmonths，thefirsthalfhad________________________thesecondhalf.
人们发现，18个月后，受辐射的老鼠患癌症的比例是未受辐射的老鼠的两倍多。
5．(回归课本P8)．..butittook50years________66percentofUSAfamilieshaditintheirhomes.
……但花了50年时间66%的美国家庭才得以拥有它。
1.took；for；to　2.such　3.twoandahalftimesmore；than4.morethantwicethecancerrateof　5.before
核心知识
1apply　vt.vi.　应用，运用；申请
(回归课本P3)Theyboughtthepatentandappliedthetechnologytocreatethetransistorradio.
他们买下专利，将该技术用于生产晶体管收音机。
15
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Thetourcompaniesappliedtobeallowedtohuntsomeforafee，whichmadealotofmoneyforthefarmers.
旅游公司申请批准有偿捕猎，这样农民就赚到了很多钱。
②Nowthinkofsomemorequestionstoaskpeopleapplyingforthesejobs.
现在多想一些问题来问应聘人员。
③(朗文P83)Newtechnologyisbeingappliedtoalmosteveryindustryprocess.
新技术正被应用到所有工业流程中。
④(牛津P82)Weappliedourmindstofindingasolutiontoourproblem.我们绞尽脑汁寻求解决问题的办法。
1．完成句子
(1)这项研究成果将应用于肺癌的治疗。
Theresultofthisresearchwill________________________thetreatmentoflungcancer.
答案：beappliedto
(2)我将去那家公司申请那份工作。
Iwill________________thecompany________thejob.
答案：applyto；for
(3)这些规定不适用于孩子。
Theserulesdon’t________________children.
答案：applyto
2.(2010年福建晋江四校联考)After15yearsintheUSA，hehasfinallydecidedto________Americancitizenship.
A．concentrateonB．applyfor
C．lookoutforD．appealto
解析：选B。句意：他在美国15年以后，终于决定申请美国国籍了。applyfor表示“申请”；concentrateon“集中精力于”；lookoutfor“小心”；appealto“呼吁，吸引”。
3.(2011年芜湖调研)Hehasdecidedto________thebank________loan.
A．apply；toB．applyto；for
C．applyfor；toD．apply；for
解析：选B。句意：他已决定向银行申请贷款。applytosb.forsth.“向某人申请”……。
2demand　vtvi.　要求，需要
n．　要求，需要，所要求的事物
(回归课本P3)．..，andin1988，forthefirsttimeever，peopleweredemandingmoreCDsthanLPs.
...，及至1988年，人们对CD唱片的需求第一次超过了LP唱片。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Buttheeldestdaughterdemandedthathereducethenumberofhissoldierstofifty.
但是他的大女儿要求他将他的卫队人数减少到50。
②(牛津P530)Idemandtoseethemanager.
我坚决要求见经理。
③(朗文P535)Someparentsdemandtoomuchoftheirchildren.
有些父母对孩子的要求太高了。
④Asmanyas300,000newhouseswereneededtomeetdemandsthisyear.
需要30万幢新房子来满足今年的需求。
4．完成句子
(1)教师的工作需要极大的细心和耐心。
Theworkofateacher________________________________________.
答案：demandsgreatcareandpatience
(2)老师要求我们下课后交上家庭作业。
Theteacherdemandedthatwe(________)________________ourhomeworkafterclass.
答案：(should)handin
(3)我们非常需要书本。
Weare________________________________thebooks.
答案：ingreatdemandof
(4)对这种书的需求增加了。
________________________________________________________________
答案：Thereisanincreaseddemandforthebook.
(5)他要求被告知有关这件事的情况。(用2种方式翻译)
①________________________________________________________________
②________________________(________)________________________________
答案：①Hedemandedtobetoldaboutthematter.
②Hedemandedhe(should)betoldaboutthematter.
3degree　n．　等级；程度；学位
(回归课本P3)．..，thepopularityofMP3hasincreasedtosuchadegreethatmajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.
……，MP3受欢迎的程度高涨，各大公司便开始用MP3播放器来占领便携式音乐播放器市场。
归纳拓展
toacertaindegree在某种程度上
take/doadegree攻读学位
例句探源
①Waterboilsat100℃(100degreescentigrade)．
水在摄氏一百度时沸腾。
②(朗文P531)Towhatdegreeisunemploymentsociety’sfault?
失业情况达到什么程度就算是社会的过错？
③(牛津P526)ShehasadegreeinBiochemistryfromLondonUniversity.她有伦敦大学生物化学的学位。
5．完成句子
(1)她对电影的兴趣到了什么程度了？
________________issheinterestedinfilms?
答案：Towhatdegree
(2)他通过了考试，现在他有了硕士学位。
Hepassedtheexaminationsandnowhe________________________ofMaster.
答案：hasthedegree
(3)我在某种程度上同意你的观点。
Iagreewithyou________________________.
答案：toacertaindegree
4assume　vt.　假设，设想，认为
(回归课本P5)GermanywasthebirthplaceofMP3，notJapanortheUSAasIhadassumedtheywouldbe.
德国是MP3的诞生地，不是我以前所认为的日本或美国。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒就住在这些洞穴里。
②(朗文P103)ItisassumedthattheywilleventuallyjointheEU.
人们认为他们最终会加入欧盟。
③(牛津P104)IhadassumedhimtobeaBelgian.
我本以为他是比利时人。
④Assuming(that)he’sstillalive，howoldwouldhebenow?
假定他还活着，现在有多大年纪了？
6．完成句子
(1)我认为他是个诚实的人。
I________him___________anhonestman.
答案：assumed；tobe
(2)我猜想你已听过了这个消息。
I________________youhaveheardthenews.
答案：assumethat
(3)假设他的话是真的，我们该怎么办？
________(that)hiswordistrue，whatshouldwedo?
答案：Assuming
5measure　v．　测量；(比喻)估计，估量，
衡量，判定；
为(某体积、长度、容积等)；仔细考虑
n．　测量，尺寸
(回归课本P11)Itonlyweighs96gramsandmeasures104×72×15mm.
它仅重96公斤，长104mm，宽72mm，高15mm。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Thedoctorweighedthebabyandmeasureditsheight.
大夫给婴儿量了身长，称了体重。
②(牛津P1251)It’sdifficulttomeasurethesuccessofthecampaignatthisstage.
在现阶段还难以估量这场运动的成败。
③(朗文P1279)Measuresarebeingtakentoreducecrimeinthecity.
正在采取措施减少城市中的犯罪。
④You’llneedtogetasuitmadetomeasure.
你得定做一套西装。
7．完成句子
(1)母亲给我量好尺寸，好知道我穿多大号的衣服。
Mother________________toseewhatsizeofdressIwear.
答案：measuredme
(2)裁缝依照我的尺寸为我做了一件上衣。
Thetailormadeacoatforme________________________.
答案：tomymeasure
(3)应该采取有效措施提高工作效率。
________________shouldbetakentoimproveourwork.
答案：Effectivemeasures
6expose　vt.　暴露；揭露；使曝光；接触
(回归课本P14)Thisstudywasconductedwith200mice，halfofwhichwereexposedtoradiationwhiletheotherhalfdidnotreceiveanyradiation.
该研究对200只老鼠进行了试验，其中一半接受辐射，另外一半不接受任何辐射。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
但一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
②(牛津P704)Hedidnotwanttoexposehisfearsandinsecuritytoanyone.他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。
③(朗文P709)Flowerswilldeveloponlyiftheplantsareexposedtosunlightdaily.
这些植物只有每天晒太阳才能开花。
8．完成句子
(1)父母不应该让孩子接触暴力节目。
Parentsshouldnot________thechildren________violentprograms.
答案：expose；to
(2)伤口暴露在外愈合得更快。
Woundsthat________totheairhealmorequickly.
答案：areexposed
(3)这个胶卷已经曝光了。
Thefilm________________________.
答案：hasbeenexposed
9.(2011年浙江省宁波市第一次联考)________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.
A．ExposedB．Havingexposed
C．BeingexposedD．Afterbeingexposed
解析：选C。考查doing做主语，句意：“在阳光下暴晒这么长时间对人的皮肤有害。”主语是________tosunlight，所以选C。
7acknowledge　vt.　承认，认可；告知已收
到；为……表示感谢
(回归课本P15)Foryears，thecigarettecompanieswouldnotacknowledgethatcancerisassociatedwithsmoking，butnowweallknowthatitis.
多年来，烟草公司不愿意承认肺癌与抽烟有关，但现在我们都知道的确如此。
归纳拓展
acknowledgedoingsth./havingdonesth.承认做了某事
acknowledgesb.(sth.)as/tobe承认/认为……是……
sb.acknowledge(s)that...某人承认……
Itis/wasacknowledgedthat...……是大家承认的
acknowledgeone’shelp感谢某人的帮助
例句探源
①Itisnowacknowledgedbythemovieindustryasthemostsuccessfulfilmseriesever.
当代电影界公认它是有史以来最成功的电影系列。
②Mysonwalkedrightpastmewithoutevenacknowledgingme.
儿子从我身旁走过竟连招呼都没跟我打。
③Wemustacknowledgehisletter.
我们必须告诉他来信已收到。
④(朗文P17)TheauthorwishestoacknowledgetheassistanceoftheDefenseDepartment.
作者希望对国防部的协助表示感谢。
⑤(牛津P17)Thecountryacknowledgedhisclaimtothethrone.
这个国家承认了他继承王位的权利。
答案：havingmade；hadmade
(2)人们普遍认为紫色是高贵的颜色。
It________universally________thatpurpleisanoblecolour.
答案：is；acknowledged
11.TheyoungcouplewrotetoMr.Grandto________hiswarmreceptionduringtheirvisittohisfarm.
A．acknowledgeB．update
C．consultD．acquire
解析：选A。语意为：这对年轻的夫妇写信感谢Grand先生热情的招待。acknowledge“感谢”；update“更新”；consult“咨询”；acquire“获得”。
8besuperiorto　较高的，上级的；(数量等方面)较大的，较多的；(品质等方面)比……杰出的，上等的；不向……屈服的，超越……的
(回归课本P2)SomeconsiderdigitalTVtobesuperiortosatelliteTV...
有些人认为数字电视要比卫星电视好……
归纳拓展
besuperior/inferiorto...insth.在某方面优于/劣于……
superior表示“比较”，后用to，不用than，superior无比较级
risesuperiorto不受……的影响，不为……所动
havenosuperiorin在……方面没有优于……的人
superiorityn.优秀，优越
温馨提示
在besuperiorto中，to不能换成than.superior本身就带有比较含义。
例句探源
①Thiswesternrestaurantissuperiortotheonewewenttolastweek.
这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。
②(牛津P2027)Thismodelistechnicallysuperiortoitscompetitors.
这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。
③(朗文P2069)Shealwaysactssosuperiortoeveryoneelse.
她总是表现得比别人优越。
12．翻译句子
(1)在这方面没人能胜得过他。
_______________________________________________________________
答案：Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.
13．(2010年湖南领航卷)—Doyouknowthe3Gmobilephonewillcomeintothemarketsoon?
—Really？Itissaidtobesuperior________anyothermobile.Ican’twaittobuy________.
A．to；one　B．than；one
C．to；itD．than；it
解析：选A。句意：“——你知道吗？3G手机很快就进入市场了。——真的吗？据说它比其它手机性能要好得多，我迫不及待地要买一个。”besuperiorto...比……杰出的，优越的；one指代mobile。
9avarietyof　多种多样的
(回归课本P5)．..，peoplewouldbeabletochoosewhattowatchfromavarietyof200differentchannelsbecauseofcableTV.由于有线电视，人们能从200个多种多样的频道中来选择看什么。
归纳拓展
varyvt.改变，使多样化；vi.变化，不同
variousadj.不同的，各种的；多方面的；许多的；杂色的
近义词diverseadj.强调多样的
varied各种各样的，种类不同的
varygreatly/enormously大不相同
varyinprice/quality价格/质量不同
例句探源
①Thesenewparkshaveavarietyofthingstoseeanddo.
这些新的公园里有各种各样可看可玩的东西。
②(朗文P2273)Foravarietyofreasons，ourteamwillnotbeparticipating.由于种种原因，我们队将不参加比赛。
③(牛津P2232)There’sawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
14．完成句子
(1)HumanIQs________fromunder50toover200.
答案：vary
(2)Wehavequitea________ofpictorialstorybooks.
答案：variety
(3)Theyarethepeoplefrom________cultures.
答案：varied
15．翻译句子
每个老师的教学方法都大不相同。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Teachingmethodsvarygreatlyfromteachertoteacher.
10befamiliarwith　对……熟悉；通晓
(回归课本P9)Idon’tthinkyouwillhaveanydifficultyusingitevenifyouarenotfamiliarwithdigitalcameras.
我想即便你不熟悉数码相机，你使用它也不会有任何困难。
归纳拓展
befamiliarto...为……所熟悉
look/soundfamiliar(tosb.)看起来/听起来熟悉
unfamiliar不熟悉的
例句探源
①Itstopicscanbedifferentfromadiary，oftenincludingpeople，things，andeventslessfamiliartothereaders.
它的话题可能与日记的不同，常包含读者所不熟知的人物、事物和事件。
②(牛津P724)Areyoufamiliarwiththecomputersoftwaretheyuse？你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？
③(朗文P732)Yourfacelooksfamiliartome.
我觉得你看起来面熟。
16．一句多译
我不熟悉他的名字。
______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I’mnotfamiliarwithhisname.
Hisnameisnotfamiliartome.
17.Shelooksvery________butIcan’trememberhername.
A．familiarB．similar
C．knownD．alike
解析：选A。句意：她看起来很面熟，但我记不起她的名字了。familiar熟悉的，常见的；similar相似的；known已知的，众所周知的；alike相像的。
11bebasedon　以……为基础
(回归课本P14)ThereportisbasedonthefindingsofresearchthatwascarriedoutinSweden，comparing1,617patientsfoundtohavebraintumours(cancer)between1997and2003withthesamenumberofhealthypeople.
这个报告是以一个研究结果为根据的，这个研究是在1997年至2003年间在瑞典进行的，对1617名脑癌患者和同等数量的健康人进行了比对。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Thebookisbasedonatruestory.
这本书是以一个真实的故事为原型的。
②(朗文P140)Discriminationbasedonraceorsexisforbiddenbylaw.
种族和性别上的歧视是法律所禁止的。
③(牛津P146)TheydecidedtobasethenewcompanyinYork.
他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克镇。
18．完成句子
(1)这支歌源于一首古老的民歌。
Thissong________________________anoldfolksong.
答案：isbasedon
(2)意见应以事实为根据。
Oneshouldalways________one’sopinions________facts.
答案：base；on
(3)Whatareyou________thistheory________(以……为根据)?
答案：basing；on
(4)Thecompany’sheadquarter________________________(把……设在……)Paris.
答案：wasbasedin
19.Thefilm________onabookwrittenbyJackLondoniswellworth________.
A．basing；seeing
B．based；beingseen
C．tobebased；tosee
D．based；seeing
解析：选D。句意：以杰克伦敦所写的一本书为根据的那部电影很值得看。basedon以……为根据作定语修饰thefilm；beworthdoing...值得做……。
句型解析
1　Itwasfoundthataftereighteenmonths，thefirsthalfhadmore_than_twice_the_cancer_rate_ofthesecondhalf.(P14)
人们发现，18个月后，受辐射的老鼠患癌症的比例是未受辐射的老鼠的两倍多。
　该句使用了倍数表达法之一即“倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，width)of＋其他”。
倍数表达的句型：
(1)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋形容词的原级＋as＋B
(2)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(3)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，width，price，height...)＋of＋B
20.(2009年高考辽宁卷)Peter’sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack’s，butitcost________his.
A．asmuchtwiceas　B．twiceasmuchas
C．muchastwiceasD．astwicemuchas
解析：选B。考查倍数表达法。B项为固定的倍数表达法，即“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as＋比较对象”结构。
21.(2009年高考四川卷)Myuncle’shouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours，butitistwice________expensive.
A．asB．so
C．tooD．very
解析：选A。考查倍数句型及其省略。这里是倍数句型：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as。这里省略了asours。
22．Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewas________thatoftheirs.
A．astwicelargeasB．twiceaslargeas
C．twiceasmuchasD．astwicemuchas
解析：选B。考查倍数表达法。倍数句型主要有以下三种：
(1)Ais...timesas＋adj.＋asB；
(2)Ais...timesthesize/length/width/height/depth，etc.＋ofB；
(3)Ais...times＋adj.比较级＋thanB；
由题干可知本题是第一种句型，又由于population应用large修饰，而不能用much修饰。
23.Icollected________hedidfortheHopeProjectthedaybeforeyesterday.
A．threetimesasmanymoneyas
B．threetimesmuchmoneythan
C．threetimesmoremoneythan
D．threetimesmuchmoremoney
解析：选C。考查倍数的用法。语意：前天我给希望工程募集的钱比他的多三倍。这里用倍数＋more＋名词＋than句型，这里more是much的比较级，修饰不可数名词money。
24．Astudyofmorethan18,000Chinesemensuggeststhatgreenteadrinkersare________todevelopstomachcancerasthosewhodrinklittleornotea.
A．halfaslikelyB．likelyhalfas
C．likelyashalfD．ashalflikely
解析：选A。考查倍数表达法。表示事物对比时，可用“倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋比较对象”。只有A项正确。
2　...butittook50yearsbefore66percentofUSAfamilieshaditintheirhomes.(P8)
……但花了50年时间66%的美国家庭才得以拥有它。
　before在此译为“……才……”。
before的译法灵活，具体如下：
(1)趁……还没，以免
①Writedownthetelephonenumberbeforeyouforgetit.
趁你还没忘记，把电话号码记下来。
(2)……才
②Hehadwalkedforawholedaybeforehefoundwater.
他走了一整天才找到水。
(3)……就
③Ihadnotwaitedlongbeforehecameback.
我没等多久他就回来了。
(4)在……前
④HehadlearnedsomeChinesebeforehecametoChina.
他来华之前，学过一些汉语。
(5)用在Itis/was/willbe＋一段时间＋before，“才……”或“就……”。
⑤ItwasnotlongbeforeheleftfortheUnitedStates.
不久他就去美国了。
⑥Itwillbefouryearsbeforewemeetagain.
四年后我们才能见面。
25．(2010年石家庄高中毕业班教学质检)Ataxidriversawamanluckilyescapefromthebuildingjust________itwentupinflames.
A．unlessB．until
C．beforeD．after
解析：选C。考查状语从句连接词的用法。before在这里引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。句意：一位出租车司机看到一个男子在大楼起火之前幸运地逃了出来。
26.(2010年安徽皖南八校联考)TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears__________theNorthwonintheend.
A．afterB．before
C．whenD．then
解析：选B。考查时间状语从句。句意：美国内战持续了四年最后以北方胜利才结束。由句意知B项为正确答案。
27．—Howlongdoyousupposeitis________hearriveshere?
—Nearlyfiveweeks.
A．whenB．since
C．afterD．before
解析：选B。问句句意：你猜他来这儿已经多久了？Itis＋一段时间＋since...表示“……以来多久了”，主句时态可以是完成时或现在时。Itis...when...表示“当……的时间，……”；after...表示“……以后”；before...表示“在……之前”，都与题意不符。
28．—It’salongtime________Isawyoulast.
—Yes，andwhatapity！Itwillbealongtime________weseeeachotheragain.
A．since；beforeB．when；when
C．since；whenD．before；since
解析：选A。It’s/Ithasbeen＋一段时间＋since...；Itis/was＋具体时间点＋when...；Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before...；Itis/was＋时间状语＋that...是强调结构。由这几种固定句型的构成不难看出只有A项正确。
29.(2009年上海交大附中检测)Thepolicehelicoptermanagedtolandontheroofandrescuedallthepeople__________thefireburntuptothetopofthebuilding.
A．afterB．before
C．untilD．while
解析：选B。警察的直升机成功地在楼顶着陆，在大火还没烧到顶楼前将所有遇险人员全部救出。根据句意可知B为正确答案。
作文指导
提纲式作文

提纲式写作也是情景作文的一种，是通过给出段落提纲或者给出关键词语、短语等提示的一种“引领”性的写作。
无论是英语的段落主旨句、提纲提示，还是汉语的词组或短语等引导写作思路，进行习作时，毕竟减少了审题环节，也不用谋篇布局、重组语序,所以，在写作练习的初级阶段，这种习作形式尤其受到师生的欢迎。
做这类写作题要特别注意以下三点：
1．要按照所提供的“纲”的思路而写；
2．要考虑提供的各“点”之间该用什么样的连接词、连接句，以及上下句之间的关系；
3．看有无题目要求，有无词数限制，有无逻辑悖理现象(观点不要悖理或前后矛盾)。
总之，能做到循“纲”蹈“句”、“纲举目张”，此类写作便能顺利完成。

学校即将举行以“Turningabadmood(心情)intoagoodone”为题目的英语作文比赛，请按下列要求写一篇120～150词的记叙文或议论文。

一、审题
1．体裁：题目中已明确给出可以写记叙文也可以写议论文。
2．时态和人称：如果写记叙文，应是结合过去发生的事件来说明怎样有一个好的心情，所以应用过去时态和第一人称。如果写议论文，则应该用现在时态和第三人称。
二、谋篇
1．记叙文的篇章结构应为：
Para.1：描述过去发生的一件令人心情不好的事情以及由此产生的不良情绪。
Para.2：讲述如何从坏心情转至好心情的。
2．议论文的篇章结构为：
Para.1：提出问题：好心情的重要性。
Para.2：分析问题：产生坏心情的原因。
Para.3：解决问题：调整心情的方法。
三、注意事项
提纲作文虽然给出了写作的要点，但要点非常简略，因而还需要对要点进行丰富和拓展。

Turningabadmoodintoagoodone
①Attheendofthelastsemester，IgotaCintheEnglishexamination.②WhenIknewtheresult，Icouldn’tholdbackmytears.③MymoodwasterribleandIthoughttheworldwascomingtoanend.④IfearedtoseemyEnglishteacherandIthoughtmyclassmateswouldlaughtatme.⑤Myparentsweren’tsatisfiedwithmeandmaybetheywouldscoldme.⑥SoIevenwantedtoleavemyschoolandfamily.
⑦Butafterawhile，IfoundIwaswrongforIcametorealize“Failureisthemotherofsuccess”．⑧WhatIshoulddowastofindthereasonwhyIgotsobadaresult.⑨AndIthoughtthiswasalessontomeandithelpedmetofindmyshortcomings.⑩MaybeitcouldhelpmetoimprovemyEnglish.Somybadmoodturnedintoagoodone.
1．文章标题，不要遗漏
本段为造成心情不佳的事件以及造成的影响，具体如下：
(1)①言简意赅地点明导致心情不佳的事件。
(2)②③为具体心情不佳的表现。
(3)④⑤为导致心情不佳的心理原因。
(4)⑥为心情不佳造成的影响——想离家(学校)出走。
(5)综上所述，整个事件的叙述娓娓道来，语意连贯，步步深入。
2．本段为“我的心情是如何由坏变好的”。具体过程如下：
意识到“失败是成功之母”——自我反省——吸取教训——提升英语——心情变好。
3．本文作者心情由坏变好的原因就是“自我反思，不放弃，继续努力”。当然也可以借助外力，如老师、父母的教导，书中的某一句话等都可以成为心情变好的原因。

(2011年山东潍坊质检)假如你是李华，你们学校最近开展了创建“平安校园”的活动。你们班为此组织主题班会，请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈一谈你对如何创建“平安校园”的一些想法。短文应该包括下面的内容：
1．安全意识的重要性；
2．在运动中要注意安全；
3．在校内要注意人身安全；
4．同学间发生矛盾时，一定要保持冷静、理智；
5．逐步将“平安校园”活动转化为全体师生的实际行动。
注意：
1．不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
2．词数：120左右；
3．文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：校园安全safetyatschool
Mydearclassmates，
Thereisnodenyingthatsafetyplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife.Recentlyourschoolhascarriedoutaprogramaimedatmakingourcampusasafeplacetostayon.
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
Onepossibleversion：
My_dear_classmates，
There_is_no_denying_that_safety_plays_an_important_part_in_our_daily_life.Recently_our_school_has_carried_out_a_program_aimed_at_making_our_campus_a_safe_place_to_stay_on.
Iconsiderthisasindeedagoodpractice，whichwillmakeusawarethatsafetyshouldalwayscomefirstinourdailylife，whetherwhenwestayatschooloroutsideit.Whenwearedoingsports，weshouldattachimportancetothesafetyandavoidbeinghurt.Furthermore，whenwegetintotroublewithourclassmates，weshouldremaincalmandavoidanyformoffighting，whichmayonlybringsufferingandpaintousmentallyandphysically.
AsfarasI’mconcerned，Ifeelallthestudentsandteachersshouldworkhardandcreativelytokeepthe“safetyatschool”activityinmind.Besides，wearesupposedtoobservethelawdisciplinewhereweareatanymoment.
Thanks.