Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-grammar教案-。

一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容，使高中教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。那么怎么才能写出优秀的高中教案呢？为了让您在使用时更加简单方便，下面是小编整理的“Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-grammar教案-”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-grammar教案

动词时态

一、经过前几个单元的学习，到这个单元为止，时态已经学完。按照要求，学生需要掌握下列几个重要时态。

1、一般现在时。

1》概念其基本意义在于表示发生在包括讲话时间在内的动作或状态。

2》理解：本时态主要关注动作的经常性，强调动作表现的事实，或者是真理，而且和现在有关。

〈1〉表示客观真理，科学事实，格言，及其它各种不受时间限制的客观存在状况。

如：Lighttravelsfasterthansound

Actionspeakslouderthanwords

2表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如；Ourartteacherpractisespaintingtwiceaday.

Tomoftenregularlydropinontheprofessor.

3表示现在的特征或状态。

如：Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

Tomseldomrisesatsix.

4有when/while/until/before/assoonas/if/evenif等引导的时间，条件，或让步壮语从句中，常用一般现在时。

如：whenwegetthere,wellcallyou.

Noonecangothroughwiththetaskontimeifitrains.

IllnotattendherbirthdaypartyevenifIaminvited.

5在新闻标题，小说，戏剧，电影，图片等说明中，也经常用一般现在时。

如：TheDelegationofChinagetsawarmwelcomeinRussia.

Thestoryisaboutafamily---.Thehusbandcomeshomefromhisofficeandtellsthewifethathehasinvitedafriendtodinner.

3》标志：often/always/usually/seldom./never..对上述壮语提问时，常用howoften...?肯定句中，动词用第三人称单数形式。

如:

---Howoftendoeshevisittheoldman?

—---Never.

2.一般过去时

1》概念本时态主要是表示过去的时间内发生的动词作或者是状态。

2》理解强调过去动作的一次性和习惯性。

1表示过去特定时间的一次完成的动作。

如：Theoldprofessorsteppedintotheclassroom,openedthebook,andbegantoread.

WewenttoBeijingandvisitedHeavenTemple.

2用它表示习惯性动作，往往用一定的时间状语或表示频度的状语。

如：wewenttoschooltogetherwhenwewereboysandsowesaweachothereveryday.

Thereusedtoatempleinthevillage.

在日常会话中，我们也用一般过去时表示现在的时间。这种用法在讲话的口气上表现出婉转，客气的意味。

如：---Didyouwantme?

----Yes,Ihopedyoucouldgivemeahandwiththepainting.

3》警示：除了表示明显的过去时间状语外，还有usedto/would等暗示性词语。

如：whenIwasinLondon,often,Iwouldhaveacupofcoffeeafterwork.

注意：上句中的would不能用usedto代替。这两个词虽然都表示"过去常常",但would常和时间连用，如often,everyday等，而usedto不可以。

3。一般将来时

1》概念表示将来要发生的动作。

2》理解对未来事情的预见性，或者说明意图，打算。

1用will或shall+动词的形式表示对未来事情的预见性，又称为预见性将来时。

如：Tomorrowwillbefine.

Youwillfeelbetteraftertakingthemedicine.

2用begoingtodo表示将来。

用这种形式表示将来主要是说明现在的意图，打算，即表明眼前最近要去做的事情。又称之为近期将来。如：Imgoingtoposttwolettersafterclass./Sheisgoingtohaveauniversitydegree.

如果这种结构用物做主语，也是一种预见，可以用will代替。

如：Itisgoingtorain

Watchout!Thepillofboxesisgoingtofall.

3用be+going表示将来

一般说来，用现在进行时表示将来所用的时间大都是动作动词，不适用于状态动词。用这种结构表示按计划要去做的事或发生的事情。

如：wereinvitingseveralpeopletoaparty.

TheforeignministryiscomingtotheUNthisweek.

Theplaneistakingoffat5:30

一般来说，bedoing/begoingtodo两种结构均可以表示将来，但有些区别。

比较：IamtakingMaryoutfordinnertonight.

IamgoingtotakeMaryoutfordinnertonight.

第一句表示计划已定不能改变，第二句表示打算未定只是一种想法而已。

4用be+todo表示将来时间

这种结构也可以表示按计划，随安排将要去做的事情或将要发生的动作。

如；Theworkersaretoproduce5000carsnextyear.

ThePrimeMinisteristospeakontelevisiontonight.

ThelineistobeopentotrafficonOctober1.

这种结构表示的将要发生的动作一般来说受人们意志控制或支配的。可以互换，但语意上有区别。如：

Wearegoingtoplaybasketballthisafternoon.表示目前的意图

Wearetoplaybasketballthisafternoon.表示计划，安排或受人的支配.

我们可以说：Itsgoingtorain/Theyoungmanisgoingtobefat.

但不能说：Itistorain/Theyoungmanistobefat.

5用一般现在时表示将来。

如：NextChristmasfallsonaTuesday

Thetrainleavesat7:30thisevening.

Theplanetakesoffat6:40.

３》警示　除了上述那些之外，也用beaboutto/beonthepointof/beonthemiddleof/表将来。

如：Ｔhemeetingisabouttobegin.

Weareonthepointofgoingout...

但值得注意的是这种形式不和将来的时间用在一起。我们不可以说theyareabouttoleavethisafternoon.

４。进行时

１》概念　表示某时某刻某阶段正在进行的动作。

２》理解　进行的动作包括现在，过去和将来。

一现在进行时

本结构是am/is/are+doing构成的形式。这种时态表示的动作主要与现在时间有关系。有如下的用法。

1表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作　常伴有时间状语。如：now/atpresent/atthemoment

Atpresent,thestaffareholdingameeting.

Wherearetheyhavingthebasketballmatch?

2表示现阶段正在进行的动作。

　Iusuallygetupatseven,butImgettingupatsixeverydaythisweektopreparemylessons.

Selectingamobilephoneisdifficult.Thetechnologyischanging.

3如果和表示频度的时间状语连用，不表示动作的进行，而表示动作的重复性，在语意上带有感情色彩。如：

　Youarecontinuallyfindingfaultwithme.表不满》

Heisalwaysthinkingofhowhecoulddoforthepeople《表赞扬〉

Theoldmanisconstantlycomplainingofhiswatchbeingslow.〈发牢骚〉

〈二〉过去进行时。

本结构是was/were+doing构成的形式。它表示的状态或动作主要和过去的时间有联系，所以往往和表示过去的时间连用。

　〈１〉表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作。如：

Ｗhatwereyoudoingattenlastnight?

WhenIgotupthismorning,itwasrainingoutside.

2　表示过去某阶段中正在进行的动作。如：

　Atthattime,hewasworkinginaPLAunit.

Inthoseyearshewashavingahappylife.

3在叙述故事的背景时，为了使故事的语言更加生动，让读者有身临其境的效果，多用进行时。如：Onemorningthethreesistersweretogetherinthedrawingroom.Marywassewing,Alicewasplayingthepiano,andJanewasdoingnothing,thensuddenlythedooropened...

正如现在进行时一样，过去进行时与表示频度的时间状语连用，也能表示某种情感色彩。

３》警示　进行时还常用在语境中，表示语气的委婉。如：

---Whatareyougoingtodo?

---Imhopingtoinviteyoutodinner.

5.完成时。

１》概念　本时态是表示某动作或某过程在一定时间内处于完成的状态。

２》理解　完成时包括现在完成时和过去完成时态。构成分别为havehasdone/haddone.

一现在完成时。动作在过去发生，持续到现在已经完成，或者是继续持续下去。

　１已经完成的用法。其表明某动作或过程发生在说话前某个不明确的过去时刻，到目前一完成，并对目前造成影响。如：Hehasnotbeentoshanghai/Haveyoufinishedreadingthestory?

本用法常和不确定时间状语连用。如：already/yet/before/recently/lately/just...等

Ihaveseenhimbefore

wehaventbeentherelately

也可以和表示频度的时间状语用在一起。如：ever/never/once---等。

IhaveneverbeentoHongkong.

HaveyouevervisitedtheGreatWall?

2未完成的用法。本用法表示某动作或状态开始于过去某个时刻一直延续到现在，而且还要继续下去，在某种情况下也可能刚刚结束。常和since/for/时间状语连用。如：

Hehasbeeninthearmyfor3years.

Hehaslivedinthebuildingsincehecamehere.

3》警示：如果不过since引导的从句中的动词是延续性的，一般认为，语意上也表明动作或状态的结束。如：

Ihaventheardfromhimsincehelivedthere.

从他离开那儿以来，我一直未收到他的消息。

HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.

从我病愈以来，他常给我写信。

如果since引导的从句中的谓语动词用了现在完成时，那么表示的动作或状态就不表示完结。如：

Ihaventheardfromhimsincehehaslivedthere.

从我住在那里以来，我一直未收到他的来信。

HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIhavebeenill.

从我生病以来，他常给我写信。

二过去完成时。本时态表示的是动作在过去的过去发生。它也分为“已完成用法”和“未完成用法”。

1已完成用法。表示，当一个动作发生或结束时，在它之前的另一动作已经完成。这种用法既用于动作动词，也用于状态动词。如：

Ｗhenwearrivedthecinema,theticketshavebeensoldout.

Tomflewhome,buthisfatherhadalreadydied.

Ｉwastoldthattheoldmanhadbeenawayforaweek.

2未完成用法。表明某个动作或状态在过去某个时刻之前一直延续到过去这个时间，而且还可能继续下去。它也使用于动作和状态动词。而且常和By+过去时间或从句　连用。如：

By12,hehadstudiedfor4hours.

Bywegotthere,theyhadendedthemeeting.

Wehadworkedtogetherforalongtimebeforewecametothiscollege.

3警示：在by+过去时间或从句的结构中，如果主句动词是动作动词，用过去完成时，如果是状态动词，用一般过去时。比较：

　Bytheendoflastyear,hewas12.

Bytheendoflastyear,hehadlearned300Englishwords.

另外，在---hardly---when/---nosooner---than---的句中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。而且，如果hardly./nosooner提前，主句需要部分倒装。如：　

IhadhardlyrecoganizedhimwhenIsawhim.

HardlyhadIrecoganizedhimwhenIsawhim.

相关知识

Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-wordsandexpress

每个老师不可缺少的课件是教案课件，大家在认真写教案课件了。只有写好教案课件计划，可以更好完成工作任务！有哪些好的范文适合教案课件的？以下是小编为大家精心整理的“Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-wordsandexpress”，希望能为您提供更多的参考。

Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-wordsandexpressions学案

学习目标：1.Beabletoreadthewordsandexpressionscorrectly.

2.Beabletomasterandusesomekeywordsandexpressions.

学习重点：1.Masterthewordformation

2.Learntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.

学习过程：

Ⅰ.Reading(A级)

1.Readthewordsandexpressionsbyyourself.(payattentiontothepronunciation)

2.Readthewordsandexpressionstoyourpartners.Checkingthepronunciationeachother.

Ⅱ.Wordsandexpressions(B级)

1.Wordformation

⑴calculatorn.计算器：___________________(vt)___________________(意义)

⑵universen.宇宙：___________________(adj)__________________(意义)

⑶simpleadj.简单的：___________________(vt)__________________(意义)

⑷operatevi.手术vt.操作：_________________(n.)__________________(意义)

________________(n…的人)________________(意义)

⑸logicaladj.合逻辑的：___________________(adv)__________________(意义)

⑹technologyn.工艺；科技：___________________(adj)__________________(意义)

⑺revolutionaryadj.革命的：____________________(n)___________________(意义)

⑻intelligentadj.智能的：____________________(n)___________________(意义)

⑼realadj.真实的：____________________(n)___________________(意义)

⑽personn.人：___________________(adj)__________________(意义)

⑾totaladj.总的；整个的：_______________(adv)__________________(意义)

⑿applyv.申请：____________________(n)___________________(意义)

⒀anyhowadv.无论如何;即使如此：_________________(同义词)

⒁signn.征兆；符号：___________________(v)___________________(意义)

⒂appearv.出现；显得：____________________(n)____________________(意义)

⒃characteristicn.特性；个性：________________(n)___________________(意义)

2.识记词汇

⑴___________解决；解答⑵___________探索；探测；探究⑶___________下载

⑷___________出现；发生⑸___________人造的；假的⑹___________病毒

3.识记词组

⑴______________从…时起⑵_____________结果⑶_____________如此…以至

⑷______________在某种程度上⑸_____________在…的帮助下

⑹______________处理，对付⑺_____________监视；看守

Ⅲ.Usingwordsandexpressions(C级)

1.Findthewordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeaning.

⑴______________completechangeinwaysofthinking,working,etc.

⑵______________connectedcomputersystem.

⑶______________tomakethingseasier.

⑷______________tofindtheanswerusingnumbers.

⑸______________canbemovedeasilyfromplacetoplace.

⑹______________toworkouttheanswertoaproblem.

⑺______________totravelaroundanareatofindoutaboutit.

⑻______________completely

⑼______________anyway

⑽______________activityofmanagingmoney

2.Completethepassagewiththewordsbelow.artificialtechnologyintelligentapplicationsexplorewebrealitylogically

Mybrotherwasveryinterestedincomputersandenjoyedwritingprogramsofhisown.HeusedtodownloadinformationfromtheInternetandmadegooduseofit.Helikedto_________theWorldWide___________andusedtheInternettocommunicatewithcomputerprogrammersallovertheworld.WhenhewenttouniversityhestudiedIT(information______________)anddevelopedaspecialinterestin_____________intelligence.Afterdevelopingspecial___________ofthecomputer,hehopestodesignan______________robotwhichcanthink___________andlooklikeahumanbeing,butin_____________hehasalongwaytogo.

Ⅳ.Whatisit?(A级)

①AnoldcalculatingmachineusedinChinauntilnow._____________

②Itisanewcalculatingmachinewhichcansolvealargenumberofmathematicalproblems._____________

③Itisbuilttosolvesomemathematicalproblems.Butitistoobig.___________

④Itisacomputerwhichcansolveallkindsofproblemsandisusedwidelynow._____________

⑤Itisakindofcomputerwhichcanbetakenconveniently(方便).

Ⅴ.电脑小知识（D级）

Ⅵ.学后反思：

我的词汇掌握情况如何？我要问老师的问题：

Unit 3 Travel journal Period 3 Grammar? 教案

一名优秀的教师在教学时都会提前最好准备，作为教师就要好好准备好一份教案课件。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收，帮助教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。那么怎么才能写出优秀的教案呢？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“Unit 3 Travel journal Period 3 Grammar? 教案”，但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。

Unit3TraveljournalaPeriod3Grammar?
(ThePresentContinuousTenseforFutureActions)
整体设计
从容说课
Thisisthethirdteachingperiodofthisunit.Totestwhetherthestudentshavegraspedtheimportantanddifficultlanguagepointstheylearnedinthelastperiod,theteachershouldfirstofferthemsomerevisionexercises.Thepattern“Itis...that/who...”isabitdifficult,sospecialexercisesshouldbedesigned.
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswithgrammarandspeaking.Firstly,theteachercanenjoywiththestudentsthesong“I’mbabysittingonThursdayto”presentthePresentContinuousTense.ThestudentsareexpectedtomakeitclearthatthePresentContinuousTensemaybeusedtodenoteanactionthatcanbepre-plannedorprearrangedinsteadofthefutureindefiniteincolloquialEnglish.Butpleasenotethat,notallverbscanbeusedinthe“-ing”formtoexpressfutureactions.Suchverbsascome,go,leave,fly,walk,ride,drive,stay,meet,die,see,have,arrive,etc.aremainlyusedinthe“-ing”formtoexpressfutureactions.ThendotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage21andmoreforstudentstomasterthisusage.Lateron,askthemtomakedialoguesinpairsaccordingtosupposedsituations.Thiscanhelpthestudentsconnectgrammarruleswithproperlanguageformssoastomakegrammarruleslessabstract.Attheendoftheclass,dotheexercisesinUsingstructuresonPage57andmultiplechoicesasconsolidationexercises.
教学重点?GetthestudentstomastertheusageofthePresentContinuousTenseforfutureactions.
教学难点?EnablethestudentslearnhowtousethePresentContinuousTensetoexpressfutureactions.
教学方法?1.Task-basedteachingandlearning
2.Cooperativelearning
3.Discussionandpractice
教具准备?Aprojectorandothernormalteachingtools
三维目标
Knowledgeaims:
1.GetthestudentstolearntheusageofthePresentContinuousTenseforfutureactions.
2.Letthestudentslearnthewaystoexpressgoodwishesandfarewells,andthemeansoftransportation.
Abilityaims:
1.EnablethestudentstousethePresentContinuousTensetoexpressfutureactionsproperlyindifferentsituations.
2.Enablethestudentstoknowhowtoexpressgoodwishesandfarewells.
Emotionalaim:
Enablethestudentstocommunicatewithotherswellbyproperlyusingthepatternstoexpressgoodwishesandfarewells.
教学过程
设计方案（一）
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
3.Emphasizeelementsofthesentence,usingthepattern“Itis...that/who...”,andthenaskquestionsaccordingtotheelementsemphasized.
→Step2Lead-in
Enjoythesong“I’mbabysittingonThursday”topresentthePresentContinuousTense.
I’mbabysittingonThursday
WouldyouliketogooutonMonday?
No,sorry,Ican’t
Whynot?
I’mbabysittingonMonday.
WouldyouliketogooutonTuesday?
No,sorry,Ican’t.
Whynot?
I’mdoingmylaundryonTuesday.
WouldyouliketogooutonWednesday?
No,sorry,Ican’t.
Whynot?
I’mworkingovertimeonWednesday.
WouldyouliketogooutonThursday?
No,sorry,Ican’t.
Whynot?
I’mworkingoutonThursday.
WouldyouliketogooutonFriday?
No,sorry,Ican’t.
Whynot?
I’mvisitingrelativesonFriday.
Wouldyouliketogooutontheweekend?
Well...maybe!
Askthestudentstoanswer:WhatisshedoingonMonday/Tuesday/...?
→Step3Summary
Showthefollowingonthescreen.
ThePresentContinuousTenseforfutureactions
ThePresentContinuousTensecanbeusedtoexpressaplanoranarrangement.
现在进行时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或打算要进行的动作；表示将来意义的现在进行时由句中表示将来时间的词语或上下文表明。
能用进行时表示将来的动词（并非所有的动词）：come,go,leave,start,arrive,give,return,sleep,stay,play,do,take,get,seeoff,travel,fly,drive,walk,reach,meet,...

→Step4Practice
1.AnewspaperreporterisinterviewingWangWeiaboutherplansforthetripalongtheMekongRiver.However,theyarenotsureaboutsomeoftheverbtenses.Canyouhelpthemcompletetheirconversation?DoExercise2onPage21.
Checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
2.Doyouhaveanyplansforthefutureyourselves?Ifyouhaveany,pleaseusethePresentContinuousTensetoexpressyourfutureactions.DoExercise3onPage21.
Thestudents’answersvary.Discussthemwithsomestudents.
3.TurnthefollowingintoEnglish,usingthePresentContinuousTenseforfutureactions.
1)我星期五动身去北京。
2)我的朋友今晚过来。
3)我明天去参观长城。
4)下课后我们打算在操场踢足球。
5)下周五我们乘飞机去上海。
Suggestedanswers:
1)I’mleavingforBeijingthisFriday.
2)Myfriendsarecomingoverthisevening.
3)I’mvisitingtheGreatWalltomorrowmorning.
4)Afterclassweareplayingfootballontheplayground.
5)WeareflyingtoShanghainextFriday.
→Step5Dialogue
Supposeyouareplanningaholidaytrip.Makeadialoguewithyourclassmate.Youmustpaygreatattentiontothetense.Thefollowingquestionscanhelpyou.
Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?
Whoareyougoingwith?
Howareyougettingthere?
Whatareyoudoingthere?
Whereareyoustaying?
Howlongareyoustayingthere?
Whataretakingwithyou?
Whenareyoureturning?
Sampledialogue:
A:Whereareyougoingonholiday?
B:I’mgoingtoHongKong.
A:Whenareyouleaving?
B:NextSunday.
A:Howareyougettingthere?
B:I’mtakingaplane.
A:Howlongareyoustayingthere?
B:Aboutthreeweeks.
A:Great.Haveagoodtrip.
B:Thanks.
→Step6Multiplechoices
Showthepictureonthescreenorgiveouttheexercisepapers.
1)—I’mgoingtoBritain.
—Howlong______________you______________inBritain?
A.did;stay?B.are;staying?C.have;stayed?D.are;stayed
2)WillyoutellussomethingabouttheweatherinCanada?I______________tothat.
A.come?B.amcoming?C.amgoing?D.come
3)—Whenareyouleaving?
—Theplane______________at11:05.
A.takesoff?B.willtakeoff?C.takingoff?D.tookoff
4)Ithinkifwe______________abroad,mostprobablywewillgobyCAAC.
A.weregoing?B.aregoing?C.hadbeen?D.havebeen
5)—I’mgoingtoShanghaiforafewweeks.
—______________.
A.Good-bye?B.Seeyou?C.Haveagoodtime?D.Ilikeit
6)Anewmovie______________atthetheatrethisweek.Wouldyouliketoseeit?
A.willputon
B.hasputon?
C.isbeingputon
D.hasbeenputon
7)—Whereareyougoingforyourholidays?
—______________.
A.Ihaven’tmadeupmymindyet?
B.I’mgoingtoAustraliaonbusiness
C.Whatagoodidea
D.Iwon’thavetogo
8)—I’llgocampingthisweekend.
—______________.
A.Don’tgiveupnow
B.No,I’mtoobusy
C.Haveagoodtime
D.Canyoufish?
9)I’vewonaholidayfortwotoFlorida.I______________mymum.
A.amtaking
B.havetaken?
C.take
D.willhavetaken
Firstgetthestudentstodothefollowingexercises.Thentheanswersaregiven.Theteachercangivethemexplanationswherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers:
1)B2)B3)A4)B5)C6)C7)B8)C9)A
→Step7Workbook
DoExercise1andExercise2inUsingstructuresonPage57.
Iftimedoesn’tpermit,Exercise2canbehomework.
→Step8Homework
1.Finishofftheworkbookexercises.
2.Learntheimportantpointsbyheart.
板书设计
Unit3Traveljournal
Grammar
ThePresentContinuousTenseforFutureActions
ThePresentContinuousTensecanbeusedtoexpressaplanoranarrangement.
现在进行时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或打算要进行的动作；表示将来意义的现在进行时由句中表示将来时间的词语或上下文表明。
能用进行时表示将来的动词（并非所有的动词）：come,go,leave,start,arrive,give,return,sleep,stay,play,do,take,get,seeoff,travel,fly,drive,walk,reach,meet,...
活动与探究
Supposeyouhaveafive-dayholiday.Formyourowntravelgroupandhaveadiscussiontotalkaboutyourtravelplan.YoushoulduseThePresentContinuousTenseforfutureactions.

Unit3Placesofinterest-grammar学案

古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生更容易听懂所讲的内容，帮助高中教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。优秀有创意的高中教案要怎样写呢？下面是小编精心收集整理，为您带来的《Unit3Placesofinterest-grammar学案》，供您参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

Unit3Placesofinterest-grammar学案

　过去完成时有两种基本用法：“段”的用法和“点”的用法。

1.“段”的用法——表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时刻，甚至还可能继续延续下去(Toexpressdurationuptoorintoacertaintimeinthepast)。这种用法通常见于延续动词作谓语，且常和表示时间段的状语连用。例如：

Shelookedratherpale.Shehadbeenillforsometime.

Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonforhalfanhour.

Hesaidhehadmadegreatprogresssincehecamehere.

BythetimeIlefttheschool,Ihadtaughtthatclassfortwoyears.

UntilthenIhadknownnothingaboutthis.

Theyhadwalkedonlyafewstepswhenasecondgroupoftanksdrewuponthesideroad.

2.“点”的用法——表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前(已经)发生或完成(即过去之过去)。有时仅表示两个(或两个以上)动作或状态在时间上的先后关系，有时也包含前者与后者的联系或对后者的影响的意义。这种用法多见于非延续动词作谓语，且常和表示时间点的状语连用。例如：

Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.

IwasnotsurewhetherIhadmethimbefore.

注意：过去完成时的“点”的用法，大多都不与表示时间段的状语连用。例如：

*Ihadopenedthedoorforanhourbeforetheycame.

但有几种情况例外：

1)可以和表示过去某一时刻在内的一段时间的状语连用。例如：

Ihaddonemyhomeworkthatmorning.

Wedhadagoodharvestthatyear.

2)某些持续性较短的动词，可以通过某种词汇手段，表示包括过去某一时刻在内的一个阶段中多次发生或反复出现的动作或状态。例如：

HesaidhehadoftenwrittentohersinceheleftShanghai.

HesaidhisfriendBobhadvisitedhimanumberoftimesinthepasttwoyears.

3)包括过去某一时刻在内的一段时间的状语还可以用于否定句中，表示一个动作或状态在一段时间内一直没有发生。例如：

Hesaidhehadnot/neverheardfromherforyears.

UptothenIhadnevermethim.

综合过去完成时的两种基本用法，我们可以说，过去完成时是现在完成时或一般过去时在时间数轴上向左平移了一步(即把时间概念由以现在为时间基点推成了以过去某一时刻为时间基点)。

当上下文已经明确了时间的先后顺序，或表示两个(或两个以上)连贯的动作时，常可以用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。例如：

After/Whenhe(had)returnedfromwork,hiswifecookedthedinner.

如果强调连贯动作的紧凑性，就要用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时：

Shortlyafterwejoinedthemotorway,thecarstartedtomakeastrangenoise.

3.过去完成时的特殊用法

过去完成时有时还可以用来表示在过去某一时刻之前错误的、无根据的观念、推测、想象等，或用来表示结果证明未能实现的计划、打算、愿望等。例如：

Ihadthoughthewasfromthesouthuntilyoutoldme.

Ihadplanned/intendedtoattendthepartylastnight,butsomeonecalledandIcouldntgetaway.

常见的能用于这种结构的动词有：think,suppose,expect,imagine,hope,want,intend,mean,plan等。

随堂练习：

　1.We__________outbythattimethathe_________athiefforalongtime.

A.hadfound,hadbeenB.hadfound,was

C.found,hadbeenD.found,was

2.Itsohappenedthatthey________thenovelbefore.

A.hadreadB.wouldreadC.werereadingD.read

3.She________fornearlytwohours.

A.kepttalkingB.kepttotalkC.haskepttalkingD.kepttotalking

4.Spring_______afterwinter.

A.comesB.cameC.hascomeD.hadcome

5.-Ihearsomenoiseinthenextroom.

-Oh,yes.Yoursister_______there.

A.criesB.iscryingC.criedD.wascrying

6.Allthestudents__________toplanttreesandtheresnobodyintheclassroom.

A.goB.willgoC.havegoneD.woundgo

7.Stop!Alittleboy_________thestreet.

A.iscrossingB.crossesC.crossedD.hascrossed

8.Thegirl________tomilksincelastwinter.

A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.wouldlearn

9.What__________toyouthismorning?

A.happensB.ishappenedC.happenedD.washappened

10.-Theoldmanlookshealthy.

-Yes.He________somerunningafterhegetsup.

A.doesB.didC.hasdoneD.willdo

11.Shedidntpasstheexamsbecauseshe________herlessonswell.

A.wasntpreparedB.wasntbeenprepared

C.hadntpreparedD.waspreparing

12.Thisstory_______inafarawayvillageinEuropemanyyearsago.

A.ishappenedB.washappenedC.happenedD.hasbeenhappened

13.-MrKingcamebacktoourvillage.

-Really?Forwhat?

-Theoldman________thenoiseinthecity.

A.ishatingB.hatesC.washatingD.hashated

14.Hisfather________foraweek.

A.diedB.willdieC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendead

15.Mymotherisill.I_______stayathomeandlookafterher.

A.hastoB.mustC.wouldD.haveto

16.---DoyouknowtheFrenchman?

---Yes.I______himfortwoyears.

A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.havebeenknown

17.They______alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.

A.spendB.hadspentC.havespentD.willspend

18.Greatchanges_______inthecity,andalotoffactories_______.

A.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup

B.havetakenplace,havebeensetup

C.havetakenplace,havesetup

D.weretakenplace,weresetup

19.---WhendidKatesgrandmadie?

---Whilethedoctors______onher.

A.areoperatingB.wereoperatingC.operateD.operated

20.---Whoareyoulookingfor?

---MrWhite.

---Waithereforawhile.Theclassmeeting_______overinhalfanhour.

A.isB.willbeC.wasD.hasbeen

21.Ifshesnotathome,you______trytelephoningherattheoffice.

A.willB.couldC.wouldD.need

22.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.

A.havelookedB.haventlookedC.havebeenlookedD.haventbeenlooked

23.Idontwanttospeaktoher,butI______.

A.doB.havetoC.havetospeakD.mustto

24.Hurryup,oryou_____thetrain.

A.missB.loseC.willmissD.willlose

25.Thenewlibrary____nextweek.

A..willbuildB.willbebuiltC.wouldbuildD.wouldbebuilt

26.---WheresMabel?

---She_____pingpongbehindtheteachingbuilding.

A.isplayingB.wasplayingC.playedD.hadplayed

27.Quiteafewtallbuildings_______thelasttwoyears.

A.havebeenputupB.wereputupC.hadputupD.putup

28.Man-made-satellites______intospacebymanycountries.

A.wassentupB.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup

29.I_______allthewordsontheblackboard.MayIgohomenow?

B.copyB.willcoupC.copiedD.havecopied

30.Nobodyknew_______alivinginthatcountry.

A.todoB.tomakeC.howtodoD.howtomake

31.Theoldmanneedsatmostfivehourssleepanight,buthe__________foroversevenhourstonight.

A.hasfallenasleepBhassleptChasgonetobedD.hasgonetosleep

32.Imreallygettingtoofat.Fromnowon,I________moreexerciseandeatlessfood.

AhavedoneBdoCamdoingDwilldo

33.Youdontneed__________her.I_________herforseveraltimes.

Adescribe,hadmetBdescribe,meetCtodescribe,havemetDdescribe,met

34.HisspeechinEnglishwasdifficult__________.

AinfollowingBforbeingfollowedCtofollowDtobefollowedby

35.Whenhewasachild,hetriedtofindways_______people________lifemore.

A.tohelp,enjoyB.help,toenjoyC.help,enjoyingD.tobehelped,toenjoy

36.Whatdidyourclassteacher________youto_______atthemeeting?

A.tell,sayB.ask,speakC.tell,speakD.ask,talk

37.______thebusuntilit_______.

A.Getoff,stopsB.getoff,willstop

C.Dontgetoff,stopsD.Dontgetoff,willstop

38ThelivingstandardofthepeopleinShanghai_______inthelasttenyears.

A.hasraisedB.hasrisenC.hasbeenraisedD.hasbeenrisen

39-WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere?

-He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.

A.hasdrivenB.droveC.drivesD.isdriving

40.Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes.

A.hadbegunB.beganC.hasbeenonD.hasbegun

1-5CAAAB6-10CACCC11-15CCBCD16-20BCBBB

21-25ADBCB26-30AACDD31-35BDCCA36-40ACBBC

Unit3manners-grammar学案

一名优秀的教师在教学时都会提前最好准备，高中教师要准备好教案为之后的教学做准备。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来，帮助高中教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。您知道高中教案应该要怎么下笔吗？考虑到您的需要，小编特地编辑了“Unit3manners-grammar学案”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

Unit3manners-grammar学案

TheRelativeClause

一.快捷识记

·非限制性定于从句

1.1.限制性定语从句不能省略,如果省略了句子就不完整,而限制性定语从句可以省略,因为它仅仅是对先行词的附加说明

Takethestreetthatgoestotheright.

Thelibrary,（whichisnewlybuilt,）willsoonbeopentothepublic.

2.限制性定语从句中,主句与从句之间没有逗号,非限制性定语从句中主句与从句之间必须用逗号隔开.

3.限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略,而在非限制性定语从句中则不能省.

4非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that.

5．限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词,也可以是一句话

Hedidn’tpasstheexamination,whichdisappointedhisparents.

6.非限制性定语从句所修饰的某人的亲属或某个东西,某个地方表示”唯一的,独一无二的”,限制性定语从句表示这个亲属和地方不止一个.

MybrotherwholivesinNewYorkhassixchildren.

我住在纽约的那个兄弟有六个孩子.(不止一个兄弟)

Mybrother,wholivesinNewYork,hassixchildren.

我有一个兄弟,他住在纽约,有六个孩子.(只有一个兄弟)

Shanghai,whichliesintheeastofChina,isahighlyindustrializedcity.

(因为上海只有一个,必须在关系代词前用上逗号.)

特殊的定语从句

I.I.嵌入式定语从句

Sheisatopstudent,whotheysayhaswonfiveprizesinthecontest.

她是个优等生,大家说她已经在比赛中获了五次奖

“whohaswonfiveprizesinthecontest”既是student的定语从句,又是theysay的宾语,而theysay类似插入语,如果去掉并不影响句子的完整,类似的还有:

IhaveanideawhichI’msurewillinterestyou.

Wewillhaveanewteacher,whoIknowhasjustreturnedfromBritain.

HereadapoemwhichwethoughtwaswrittenbyapoetintheQinDinesty.

II.II.that的特殊用法

Canyoutellmetheway(that)/inwhichyousolvedthedifficultproblem?

Thisisthelasttime(that)I’llgiveyoualesson.

III.在非限制性定语从句中，ofwhich/ofwhom常用于基数词some，most，all，none，neither，either等词后，而不用whose。

Thesebooks,twoofwhichIhaveread,areinteresting.

Theteachersspeakhighlyofthesetofworkbooks，allofwhichhavecomeout.

Theaudience,mostofwhomwerecollegestudents,enjoyedtheconcert.

二．随堂练习

I.Fillineachblankwitharelativepronounorarelativeadverb:

(who,whom,which,that,as,where,when,why)

1.Thiswasthebestmodelofaradioset______thefactoryproducedin1979.

2.Doyouknowanyone______knowsaboutthehistoryoftheMingTombs?

3.WehavevisitedtheMuseumofChineseHistory,______PremierZhouslife

anddeedsarebeingshown.

4.Wellneverforgettheday______wejoinedtheLeague.

5.Thisistheman______sondiedintheWarofLiberation.

6.Hetoldmeeverything_____hehadseeninthetrafficaccident.

7.LiuMingshowedmeaningeniouswayby______thedifficultycouldbe

overcome.

8.Idontknowthereason______shedidntagreetoourstudyplan.

9.IbegantoworkinBeijingintheyear______NewChinawasfounded.

10.YesterdayImetDr.Li______toldmethegoodnewsofWangsrecovery.

11.Thetwopupils_____youtaughtthreeyearsagohavebecometeachers.

12.Thefirstthing_____mysisterisgoingtodothiseveningistowrite

areportaboutscientificexperiment.

13.Thechild______parentsdiedintheaccidentisnowlivingwithhisaunt.

14.Theplace______youarestandingwasthesiteofanoldchurch.

15.Youcantelephonethepeople______youwanttoinvitetodinner.

16.Didyouknowtheactor______yousawjustnow?

17.Thisistheman_____photoItookyesterday.

18.Thisisthebiggesttiger_____haseverbeenshowninthezoo.

19.Theriver______theycrossedistwomileswide.

20.Thedoctor______istreatingforyourhearttroubleisarelativeofmine.

21.Mary,______dressisallgreen,looksverypretty.

22.ThePLAmanwillvisitthevillage______theoldmanlives.

II.Combinethefollowingsentences:

1.XiaoWangfoundmethekey.Ilostthekeyyesterday.

2.Whereisthebeautifulpicture?YouboughtitlastSunday.

3.Thenurseisverykind.Shelooksaftermylittlesister.

4.WewatchedtheplayTeahouse.TheplayTeahousewaswrittenbyLaoShe.

5.Thebuildingisattheotherendofthestreet.Sheislookingforthebuilding.

6.Thebridgehasbeenrebuiltnow.Itwasbuiltin1956.

7.Thegirlisnowlivingwithhergrandmother.Herparentsdiedintheearthquake.

8.Sheisgoingtothetown.Idontknowthetown.

9.ShejoinedtheLeagueonOctober4,2000.Shewillneverforgettheday.

10.Hedidntattendthemeeting.Hetoldmethereason.

11.Thestudentstudiesveryhard.Herfatherisamodelworker.

12.Thetrainstartedat4:50p.m.LiMingmissedit.

13.Thehotelusedtobeapalace.Professorisstayingatit.

14.Themedicinewasquitehelpful.DrChengaveittohim.

15.Thetelevisionsetisstillgoingwell.Theyhaveuseditforthreeyears.

16.Thosenewrecordsareverynice.Ihavejustheardthem.

17.Thecoatwillkeepmewarm.Mymotherboughtmethecoat.

18.Iamgoingtovisittheoldman.IoncelearnedChinesefromhim.

19.ZhangLinwillpaintapictureoftheoilworkers.Heusedtoworkwiththem.

20.Imgoingtothedepartmentstore.Mymotherworksthere.

21.Hejoinedthearmyin1947.Hishometownwasliberatedthatyear.

22.LastmonthshewenttoQingdao.Sheattendedameetingthere.

23.Helivesinahouse.Thehousehasmodernconveniences.