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高中主谓一致教案

发表时间:2021-04-27

2018中考英语二轮复习第3讲非谓语动词&主谓一致。

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非谓语动词主谓一致

一、非谓语动词

(一)含义:在句子中不作谓语的动词。

(二)分类:

(三)动名词(v-ing)

_________(吸烟)isn’tallowedhere.__________语

Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.__________语

Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.__________语

Stampsareusedforsendingletters.__________语

Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.(=Collectingstampsishishobby.)__________语

Sheisinthereadingroom.__________语

Weshouldimproveourteachingmethods.__________语

初中常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:_________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect,finish,enjoy,mind,miss,beworth,bebusy,practice,havefun/trouble/difficulty/problems(in),spend(in),feellike,beusedto(习惯于),consider,feel,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice,let,make,have,get,keep,help,tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage

(四)动词不定式(todo)

____________________(说英语)isnoteasyforme.__________语

Mydreamistobeateacher.(=Tobeateacherismydream.)__________语

Whatsportsdoesheliketoplay?__________语

TheteacheraskedustohandinhomeworkbyFriday.__________语

Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.__________语

Haveyougotanythingtosay?__________语

I’msorrytohearthat.__________语

Iwenttothelibrary____________________(学英语).__________语

Icouldn’tdecidewhichbagtobuyyesterday.__________语

Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettoschool?__________语

初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词:___________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

初中常接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

初中常接省to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

(五)分词(现在分词:v-ing过去分词:v-ed)

Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?__________语

Doyouknowtheboy________________(叫John)inyourclass?__________语

Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.__________语

Givenanotherchance,Iwilldoitbetter.__________语

Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.__________语

Themoviewassoexciting.__________语

Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.__________语

Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.__________语

He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.__________语

初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词:_______________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词:_______________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

(六)既可以接不定式,又可以接动名词作宾语的动词

差异比较大:stoptodostopdoing

goontodogoondoing

forgettodoforgetdoing

remembertodorememberdoing

trytodotrydoing

regrettodoregretdoing

meantodomeandoing

(七)动名词(v-ing)作定语VS现在分词(v-ing)作定语

动名词作定语表示所修饰词的用途、所属关系等。现在分词作定语,其逻辑主语为其所修饰的词。

areadingroomtwowalkingsticks

asleepingbagapassingball(=aballwhichispassing)

acryingboy(=aboywhoiscrying)asleepingboy(=________________________)

(八)现在分词VS过去分词(了解)

1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义

thesurprisingnewsasurprisedman

amovingfilmthemovedpeople

2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作;过去分词表示已经完成的动作

thedevelopingcountrythedevelopedcountry

therisingsuntherisensun

二、主谓一致(详细内容请参考附录2)

三、倒装句

初中常见的倒装句型:

(一)therebe句型

Thereisaconcerttonight.

(二)there,here,now,then等副词放句首的句子

Therecometherestoftheparty.剩下的人都来了。

Thereisthebell.铃响了。

Herecomesabus.来了一辆公交车。

Nowcomeshisturn.现在轮到他了。

Thencamethedayofherexamination.这时她考试的日子到了。

(三)由so,neither,nor引导的句子

“so/nor/neither+情/助/系+主语”意为:“某人也(不)是(如此)”

—Tomworkshard.

—SodoesLily.(莉莉也是。)

—Tomdoesn’tworkhard.

—NeitherdoesLily/NordoesLily/(Lilyneither).(莉莉也不。)

—Idon’tknow.

—NeitherdoI/NordoI/(Meneither).(我也不知道。)

对比:“so+主语+情/助/系”意为:“是的,的确是这样”

—Tomworkshard.

—Sohedoes.(的确如此。)

一、找出下列句子中的动词,并指出其在句子中的成分

Teachingthemsmallactsofkindness,suchaslettingsomeoneelsegothroughadoor

firstastheyholditopen,mayseemunimportant,butitcangoalongwaytowardhelping

studentsrealizehowtobepoliteandthankothers.

二、单项选择

()1.Don’tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneeds______sothatitcanbereused.

A.todestroyB.destroyingC.tocollectD.collecting

()2.Thelittleboypretended_______whenhismothercamein.

A.sleepingB.asleepC.toasleepD.tobeasleep

()3.—Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?

—Sorry,Ican’tdecide_______now.

A.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichone

C.whichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyit

()4.—Drivingless,walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.

—SoI’drather_______anhour’swalktoworkthanconsider______acar.

A.take;driveB.take;todriveC.take;drivingD.taking;driving

()5.Everyonemayfeeltime_______veryquicklywhentheydosomethinginteresting.

A.gobyB.togobyC.wentbyD.goesby

()6.—Where’syourbrothernow,Bob?

—Isawhim______inthestreetamomentagoandItoldhim_______.

A.playing;don’tdosoB.playing;nottodoso

C.play;todosoD.play;nottodoso

()7.Theboyisoftenheard______inthemusicroom.Hesingsverywell.

A.practicesingingB.topracticesinging

C.practicedsingingD.topracticingsinging

()8.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself______.

A.heardB.hearingC.hearedD.tohear

()9.—Whydon’tyougoouttoplay,Rose?

—I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihavemuchhomework______.

A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo

()10.Atleast300millionpeopleareusingQQ______byMaHuatengtochatonline.

A.createB.createsC.creatingD.created

()11.Heoftendrinkstwocupsof______waterwhenhecomesback.

A.boilingB.boilC.boiledD.boils

()12.______thehouseonfire,hedialed119.

A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SeeD.Saw

()13.—Doyouclimbmountainseveryday?

—Yes,______alittleexercise.I’msooutofshape.

A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget

()14.Vocabularyisimportanttolanguagelearning.Therefore,you’dbettertrydifferentwaysyoucanthinkof______wordsandexpressions.

A.rememberB.torememberC.rememberingD.toremembering

()15.Doyouwanttobehealthy?_______.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.

A.SmileB.SmilingC.TosmileD.Smiled

()16.Whenthestudentswereplayinggamesontheplayground,Jimsuddenlystopped_______andbegantocry,sotheystopped_______whatwaswrongwithhim.

A.toplay;seeingB.playing;tosee

C.playing;seeingD.toplay;tosee

()17.—Howmuch______thepairofshoes?

—Twentydollars______enough.

A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are

()18.Idon’tthinkthepoor______poor.

A.arealwaysB.isalwaysC.alwaysbeD.willare

()19.Sixtypercentofthework_______beendone.

A.haveB.isC.hasD.are

()20.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,_______tohelpinthiswork.

A.sendB.weresentC.aresendingD.wassent

()21.Whattheyneed_______morepeople.

A.isB.areC.hasD.have

()22.Neithertheheadmasternortheteachers_______takeavacationnextweek.

A.weregoingtoB.isgoingto

C.wasgoingtoD.aregoingto

()23.—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.

—_______.

A.SoismineB.SomineisC.SodoesmineD.Sominedoes

()24.—I’mnotgoingswimmingtomorrowafternoon.

—_______.Ihavetocleanupmybedroom.

A.SoamIB.NeitheramIC.NeitherIamD.SoIam

()25.—Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.

—Goodheavens,_______.

A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.Isodid

三、填空题

1.Hepromised______________(see)hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.

2.Helosthiskey.Itmadehim___________(stay)inthecoldtowaitforhiswife’sreturn.

3.She’snotstrongenough_____________(go)walkingupmountains.

4.Theresultofthetestwasrather________________(disappoint).

5.Theworkerandwriter___________(be)fromBeijing.

一、非谓语动词

(二)分类

动名词构成:v-ing作用:作主语、宾语、表语、定语

动词不定式构成:(to)do作用:作除谓语外的任何成分

分词:现在分词;过去分词

构成:v-ing;v-ed作用:作表语、补语、定语、状语

(三)动名词(v-ing)

Smoking;主语;主语;宾语;宾语;表语;定语;定语

初中常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:

finish,enjoy,mind,miss,beworth,bebusy,practice,spend…(in),

havefun/trouble/problems(in),feellike,be/getusedto(习惯于),consider…

(四)动词不定式(todo)

TospeakEnglish;主语;表语;宾语;宾语补足语;宾语补足语;后置定语;

(原因)状语;tolearnEnglish;(目的)状语;宾语补足语;宾语补足语

初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词:

wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect,pretend…

初中常接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:

(help),tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourage,invite,wish,expect…

初中常接省to不定式作宾语补足语的动词:

(help),let,make,have,feel,hear,listento,observe,see,watch,notice,lookat…

(五)分词(现在分词:v-ing过去分词:v-ed)

后置定语;called/namedJohn;后置定语;状语;状语;表语;表语;宾语补足语;

宾语补足语;宾语补足语

初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词:

keep,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice,feel,find,observe,prevent…

初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词:

get,have,make,keep,leave,want,need,see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think…

(七)动名词(v-ing)作定语VS现在分词(v-ing)作定语

aboywhoissleeping

二、主谓一致(详细内容请参考附录2)

语法一致;意义一致;就近原则

一、本句是一个并列句

前面句子:主语:Teachingthemsmallactsofkindness

谓语:seem

(suchas引导同位语,同位语中含有as引导的时间状语从句。)

后面句子:主语:it

谓语:go

(toward和后面一起作的是定语。)

二、1—5:DDCCA6—10:BBADD11—15:CBDBA

16—20:BAACD21—25:ADCBB

三、26.tosee27.stay28.togo29.disappointing30.is

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2018中考英语二轮复习第2讲动词分类与谓语动词


教案课件是老师上课中很重要的一个课件,大家静下心来写教案课件了。只有规划好了教案课件新的工作计划,这样我们接下来的工作才会更加好!你们会写教案课件的范文吗?急您所急,小编为朋友们了收集和编辑了“2018中考英语二轮复习第2讲动词分类与谓语动词”,相信能对大家有所帮助。

动词分类与谓语动词

一、动词种类

情态动词用法:

没有人称和数的变化;

不能单独作谓语,后面必须接动词原形构成谓语部分;

变否定,情态动词后直接加not;

变疑问,情态动词直接提前。

cancould

表_________HecanspeakEnglish.

Hecouldrideabikewhenhewas7.

Heissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.

Hecouldn’twritewhenhewasonly2.

IwillbeabletospeakGermanfluentlysomeday.

表_________Canyoupassmesomepaper?

Couldyoupleasetellmewherethebookstoreis?

Youcangonow.

表_________—Whoissinginginthenextroom?IsitLucy?

—Itcan’tbeher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.

maymight

表_________—MayIknowyourname?

—MightIknowyourname?

—Yes,you__________.

—No,you__________.

Youmaygonow.

表__________Shemayknowtheanswer,butI’mnotsure.

—Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyourweekend?

—Notyet.WemaygotoQingdao.

musthaveto

___________Themovieisboring.Imustgonow.

Driversmustwearthesafetybeltwhendriving.Thisisthetrafficrule.

Mymothercalledme.Ihavetogonow.

—Dad,mustIpracticethepianotoday?

—Yes,you_______.

—No,you______./No,youdon’thaveto.Youmaydoittomorrow.

___________Youmustn’tnipofftheflowers.

Youdon’thavetobeinahurry.

(没必要)

表_________—Whosenotebookisthis?

—ItmustbelongtoTom.Isawheuseditjustnow.

Hemusthaveknownthetruth.

need

___________Youneednotgethereearly.

—NeedIrepeatit?

—Yes,you______./No,you_______.

___________Sheneedsadictionarytohelpherstudy.

Ineedtomakeaphonecall.

Theroomneedscleaning.

情态动词表推测——一肯,一否,三个不一定

—Whosenotebookisthis?

—ItmustbelongtoTom.Isawheuseditjustnow.

—Whoissinginginthenextroom?IsitLucy?

—Itcan’tbeher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.

Shemay/might/couldknowtheanswer,butI’mnotsure.

情态动词+现在完成时

1、表对过去的猜测、可能性

①musthavedone“一定做了…”用于肯定句,语气最强。

Thelightisoff.Hemusthaveslept.

②may/mighthavedone可能做了…,语气弱,可能性小。其否定式意为“可能不…”,如:Hemightnothavebeenin.他可能不在家。might比may可能性更小。

③can(could)nothavedone“不可能做了…”,语气强,can,could也可用于疑问句,表可能性,如:Couldhehaveleft?

2、表示虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,“本来应该”而“没有…”。

①should(oughtto)havedone.本来应该做,而没做到如:

Youshouldhaveaskedhimforhelp.(事实上没求他帮忙)

②couldhavedone本来能够…,如:Hecouldhavepassedtheexam.(结果没通过)

③mighthavedone本来可以…

④needn’thavedone本来没必要…

Youneedn’thavetakenataxi.Itisnotfar.(事实上坐出租车了)

⑤hadbetterhavedonesth.用于事后的建议,含轻微的责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事”。

⑥表示wouldratherhavedonesth.“当时宁愿做了某事”,表示“后悔”的意思。

should,oughtto,could,might,hadbetter,wouldrather也可用于否定句式,意思与上述在肯定句中的意思正好相反。

二、时态

(一)时态分类

(二)各个时态的用法(详细用法请参考附录1)

一般现在时:反复性规律性经常性、客观事实真理、主将从现

一般过去时:过去的动作或状态、过去经常或习惯

一般将来时:将来的动作或状态、计划打算、现进表将来

过去将来时:从过去某一时刻看将来、主过从过(would+v.)

现在进行时:此时此刻、现阶段

过去进行时:过去某一时刻(段)正在进行、过去频繁发生

现在完成时:过去发生影响现在、过去发生持续现在将来

过去完成时:过去的过去

—____thefilmbefore?

—Yes.I___itthedaybeforeyesterday.

A.Haveyouseen;saw

B.Didyousee;haveseen

C.Haveyouseen;haveseen

D.Haveyouseen;wasseeing

(三)易混时态区分:一般过去时VS现在完成时

一般过去时现在完成时

侧重点过去的时态;

侧重表示过去的动作,与现在无关现在的时态;

侧重过去的动作对现在的影响

例句Isawamovielastnight.

强调昨晚上看电影的动作Ihaveseenthemoviebefore.

强调我了解电影内容

时间状语ago,yesterday,last…,in2000,justnow等before,already,yet,sofar,ever,never,just,recently,since,for,lately,still等

(不能与一般过去时的时间状语连用)

—___________(see)thefilmthedaybeforeyesterday?

—Yes,I_____________(see)italready.Itisreallyinteresting.

(四)完成时态中瞬间动词变延续性动词汇总

瞬间动词_______(有/无)现在完成时用法;当瞬间动词用于现在完成时中,并与__________连用时,需要将瞬间动词转换成相应的延续性动词

—Yoursisterlooksveryhappy!

—Yeah,shehasfinallyboughtthedressshewantsmost.

—Wow,yourwatchlooksnice.Isitnew?

—No,I_________(buy)itsince3yearsago.

将下列瞬间动词转换为相应的延续性动词:

close__________come__________go__________

finish__________die__________puton_________

lose__________join__________getup_________

buy__________borrow_________open__________

leave__________fallasleep__________

wakeup__________arrive/reach__________

start/begin__________catchacold__________

三、语态

(一)主动语态和被动语态

主动语态:动作的_________作主语。Iboughtabook.

被动语态:动作的_________作主语。Abookwasboughtbyme.

(二)被动语态用法

1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁

2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者

3.动作的发出者不是人

(三)被动语态基本结构:_________________

(四)各种时态下主动语态、被动语态构成

时态主动语态被动语态

一般现在时

现在进行时

现在完成时

一般过去时

过去进行时

过去完成时

过去将来时

一般将来时

1.Thebuildingcan___________(see)fromeverypartofthecity.It_________(build)manyyearsago.

2.YesterdayTom_________(tell)methathisbike________(break)lastweek.

3.Thestudents___________often___________(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

4.Nowhe__________(be)askedifthemeeting___________(hold)nextFriday.

5.Myteachergavemeanewbookyesterday.

_________________________________________________________________________

6.Sheislookingforherkeysatthemoment.

_________________________________________________________________________

7.IsawsomegirlsplayingtennisontheplaygroundwhenIpassed.

_________________________________________________________________________

8.Intheolddays,theemployermadetheiremployeesworkinthefactoryfrommorningtoevening.

_________________________________________________________________________

(五)主动表被动

1.Thatbookisreally_____________________(值得一读).

2.HarryPotter_______________________(卖得很好).

3.Mybike__________________________(需要修理了).

4.Greatchanges_____________(发生了)inthecountrysideinrecentyears.

一、找出下列句子中的动词,并指出其属于什么动词

1.Heoftendrewpicturesonthefloorwithchalkandwhenhismothersawwhathehaddone,shewouldquicklycleanthemwithamop.

2.LiJun,a17-year-oldgirlfromShenzhenForeignLanguageSchool,stillcan’tbelieveher10-dayfreetrainingcampintheAlpsinSwitzerlandlastmonthwastrue.

3.TheAmericanofficial,theFrench,Japanesewhohadspokenearlierallloweredtheirheadsinshame,anddidnotdaretoanswer.

4.It’sOKifittakesyouawhiletofeelyourselfagainwhenyougotoanewplaceormeetnewpeople.

5.ThedrunkenmanaskedthepoliceiftheyknewwhereMabelwasashewasputintothebackseatofthepolicecar.

二、单项选择

()1.Choosingtherightcircleoffriendswill_______usalotoftroubles,heartachesandpossiblyalifeofdeepregret.

A.saveB.shareC.keepD.bring

()2.Itishelpfulto______agoodhabitofreadinginlanguagelearning.

A.takeB.showC.developD.match

()3.Thecloth______verysoftandcomfortable.

A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sounds

()4.Theplanewill______fromBeijingCapitalAirportandlandinLondon.

A.takeupB.takeoutC.takeawayD.takeoff

()5.—Howdoestheanimalgetfood?

—Itdoesn’tneedtodoanything.Thezookeeperwill_____itwithfoodanddrink.

A.offerB.provideC.divideD.give

()6.—Whereareyougoing?

—I’mgoingtotheairportto______myfriend,Mary.SheisgoingtoLondononholiday.

A.seeoffB.putoffC.takeoffD.sendoff

()7.—Mygrandmaisillinbed.

—Sorrytohearthat.Whynot______adoctor?

A.sendforB.sendupC.sendawayD.sendout

()8.—Doyoumissyoursonwhoisatuniversity,Mrs.Zhang?

—No.Ioften______him,andmaketelephonecallstohim.

A.thinkaboutB.hearfrom

C.lookafterD.learnfrom

()9.—Wemustactnowbecausetimeis______.

—Yes.Let’sstart.

A.comingoutB.givingout

C.puttingoutD.runningout

()10.—Doyoustillhaveaheadache,Bill?

—No,it’s______.I’mallrightnow,Mum.

A.droppedB.ranC.leftD.gone

()11.You_______smokeinthehospital.

A.needn’tB.oughtn’ttoC.oughttonotD.maynot

()12.—Anothercupofcoffee?

—No,thanks.I_____beoff.Maryiswaitingforme.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.might

()13.—MayIwatchTVforawhile?

—No,you_______.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.

A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t

()14.—Ican’tgiveupsmoking,doctor.

—Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou________.

A.mayB.canC.havetoD.must

()15.Mr.White_____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.

A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive

C.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving

()11.Whenwintercomes,______springbefarbehind?

A.shouldB.needC.mustD.can

()12.—Willyouanswerthetelephone?It______beyourmother.

—Sorry.I______.I’mverybusy.

A.can;mustn’tB.will;can’tC.may;can’tD.need;will

()13.You______driveyourcarsofast.It’sverydangerous.

A.wouldn’tB.shouldn’tC.couldn’tD.mightn’t

()14.—Shallwemeetatthestationat8a.m.?

—Infactwe______.Thetrain______until10a.m.

A.mustn’t;doesn’tleaveB.mustn’t;leaves

C.needn’t;won’tleaveD.needn’t;willleave

()15.—Areyougoinganywhere?

—I______aboutvisitingmysister,butIhavechangedmymind.

A.thinkB.havethoughtC.willthinkD.thought

()16.—Doesthisbusgotothebeach?

—No.You______thewrongway.YouwanttheNumber11.

A.goB.weregoingC.aregoingD.wouldgo

()17.—IsTomathome?

—No,he______totown.

A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.goesD.willgo

()18.Theofficialsaidthey______anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextyear.

A.makesB.wouldmakeC.madeD.havemade

()19.It______usually______atthistimeofyear,buttodayitisrainingheavily.

A.is;rainingB.won’t;rainC.has;rainedD.doesn’t;rain

()20.I______myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!

A.leftB.wentawayfrom

C.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom

()21.Whenwehurriedtothecinema,thefilm______fortenminutes.

A.hadbeenonB.hadbegun

C.hasbegunD.begun

()22.—Whatlanguage______inthatcountry?

—GermanandEnglish.

A.arespeakingB.arespoken

C.speakD.isspoken

()23.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit______.

A.inventsB.wasinventedC.isinventedD.invented

()24.Bambooscan______paper.

A.usedtomakeB.beusedmake

C.beusedtomakeD.beusedtomaking

()25.—Wouldyoumindmysittinghere?

—Sorry,it______already.

A.hastakenB.istakingC.hasbeentakenD.took

动词种类:

主动词,分为系动词(状态系动词、保持系动词、变化系动词、感官系动词)和实义动词(及物动词、不及物动词)

助动词分为助动词(do/does/did/doing/done,is/are/am/was/were/being/been,have/has/had/having/had,will/would/shall/should)和情态动词(will/would/shall/should,can/could/may/might,need/must/haveto/hadbetter/oughtto…)

表能力

表请求许可

表猜测

表请求许可can/may;can’t/maynot/mustn’t

表猜测(可能性)

必须(主客观)must;needn’t

禁止(否定)

表肯定猜测(一定)

需要情态动词must;needn’t

需要实义动词

时态分类:

按时间分:过去、现在、将来

过去:一般过去(v-ed)、过去进行(was/weredoing)、过去将来(would+v.)、过去完成(had+done)

现在:一般现在(v.)、现在进行(am/is/are+doing)、现在完成(have/has+done)

将来:一般将来(will+v./begoingto+v.)

A

Didyousee

haveseen

时间段

havehad

beclosedbeherebetherebeoverbedeadwearbelostbein/beamemberofbeuphavekeepbeopenbeaway(from)beasleepbeawakebe(in/at)beonhaveacold

发出者承受者

bedone

(四)各种时态下的主动语态和被动语态构成

v.(v.-s)am/is/are+done

am/is/are+doingam/is/arebeingdone

have/has+donehave/hasbeendone

v-edwas/weredone

was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone

had+donehadbeendone

would+v.wouldbedone

will+v.willbedone

beseen,wasbuilt;told,broke;are,told;is,willbeheld;

Iwasgivenanewbookbymyteacheryesterday./Anewbookwasgiventomebymyteacheryesterday.

Herkeysarebeinglookedforbyheratthemoment.

SomegirlswereseenplayingtennisontheplaygroundbymewhenIpassed.

Intheolddays,theemployeesweremadetoworkbytheemployerinthefactoryfrommorningtoevening.

(五)主动表被动

worthreading;sellswell;needsrepairing/toberepaired;havetakenplace

二、单项选择

1-5:ACCDB6-10:AABDD11-15:BCCCA

16-20:DCBCD21-25:CBBDD26-30:ADBCC

2015中考英语复习主谓一致考点跟踪


教案课件是老师上课中很重要的一个课件,大家正在计划自己的教案课件了。各行各业都在开始准备新的教案课件工作计划了,未来工作才会更有干劲!你们知道多少范文适合教案课件?以下是小编为大家精心整理的“2015中考英语复习主谓一致考点跟踪”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

第32讲 主谓一致

1.—Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.

—Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25days__B__short.(2014,黔南)

A.isB.isntC.areD.arent

2.Thesummerholidaysarecoming,sothetwinsaswellasJack__B__toHongKongforvacation.(2014,黄石)

A.isgoingB.aregoingC.goesD.go

3.Alotofforeigners__C__familiarwiththefamousplacesofinterestinChina.(2013,上海)

A.amB.isC.areD.be

4.Howtimeflies!Wellgraduate.Threeyears__C__reallyashorttime.(2013,遵义)

A.wasB.areC.is

5.There__B__manytreesinfrontofmyhousenow.(2013,北京)

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

近五年来,安徽中考对主谓一致考查很少,几乎没有。但其作为初中语法知识的一个重点,我们仍需了解和掌握,以防2015年中考试题中会出现。

对主谓一致的考查主要包括以下三点:

1.学科名词作主语;表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语作主语;the+姓氏名词复数作主语;一些以s结尾的不可数名词作主语,如news,maths;不定代词+名词作主语,如bothof,neither等。

2.主语后带有with,except,like,aswellas等介词短语。

3.就近原则,如therebe句型,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。因此,找出句子的真正主语是关键。同时,要遵循三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。

高频考向一 语法一致原则

语法一致即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词就用复数形式。

①当and连接两个或多个名词,或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

TomandMikearegoodfriends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

BothLucyandLilyarestudents.露西和莉莉都是学生。

②不定代词either,neither,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?

Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。

③由each,each...andeach...,every...andevery...,every...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanewbook.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。

④主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,morethan,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如:

Mr.GreenwithhiswifeandtwodaughtersiscomingtoBeijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。

⑤“anumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Anumberoftreesarecutdown.许多树木被砍倒了。

Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis32.我们班学生人数为32。

⑥“alotof(lotsof,plentyof,apileof,pilesof,mostof)+名词”和“分数或百分数+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词,如果是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Lotsofpeoplehavebeenthere.很多人去过那儿。

⑦由“apair(akind,aseries...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“pairs(kinds...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Apairofsunglassesislyingonthetable.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。

Fifteenpairsofshoesaremadeeachday.每天能制作15双鞋。

⑧某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves...)作主语时,谓词动词用复数形式。如:

Myshoeswerewornout.我的鞋子穿坏了。

⑨不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Readingislearning.读书就是学习。

Wemakeitarulethateachofus______hebedroomonedayaweek.

A.hascleanedB.havecleaned

C.cleansD.clean

解析:“each每一个”强调个体,故用第三人称单数;“onedayaweek一周一天”则表明指频度,应用一般现在时。

答案:__C__

______hatpairof______alittlecheaper?(2014,齐齐哈尔)

A.Is;glassB.Are;glass

C.Is;glassesD.Are;glasses

解析:apairof后应接复数名词,其作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式。

答案:__C__

Thenumberofbooksinthebookshopisabout10,000andanumberofthem______aboutscience.

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

解析:由前半句中谓语动词is可推断出后半句中谓语动词也应用一般现在时;短语anumberof作主语时,谓语动词应用复数。

答案:__C__

高频考向二 意义一致原则

意义一致又叫概念一致,即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

①由and连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Theteacherandwriteriscomingtogiveusareportnextweek.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。

Thesingeranddancerhasbeeninvitedtotheparty.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。

②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时,一般被看做一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。如:

Threeyearsisalongtime.三年是一段很长的时间。

③集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government...)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Myfamilyisasmallonewiththreepeople.我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。

④people,police,cattle等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Thepolicearehelpingagirlfindhermother.警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。

⑤算式中,表示加法和乘法时谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式,但表示减法和除法时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如:

Whatis/arethreetimesthree?3乘以3是多少?

—Howmuch______hepairofshoes?

—Twentydollars______enough.

A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are

解析:thepairofshoes的中心词是pair,则谓语动词用单数;把twentydollars看成整体,则谓语动词也用单数。

答案:__A__

高频考向三 就近原则

有时谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的名词保持一致,这种原则叫做就近原则,又叫做邻近原则。

①由either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:

NotonlymyparentsbutalsoIamlookingforwardtomeetingmyuncle.不但我父母而且我也盼望看到我叔叔。

NotonlyJimbutalsohisparentswanttoliveinChina.不仅吉姆而且他的父母也想居住在中国。

Heoryouhavetakenmypen.他或你拿了我的钢笔。

②Therebe...和Herebe...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如:

Thereisanappleandtwobananasonthetable.桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。

There______lotsofpeopleattherestaurantwhenIgotthere.

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

解析:people是复数名词,则therebe句型中谓语动词用复数,排除A和B;下文got为过去式,故主句也要用过去时。

答案:__D__

______Lily______Lucyisgoingwithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.

A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;nor

C.Both;andD.Either;or

解析:根据主谓一致原则可排除A项;由下文“他们中的一个必须待在家里”,可知“或者露西或者莉莉与你一起去”。

答案:__D__

There______someflowersontheteachersdeskjustnow,butnowthere______nothingonit.

A.have;hasB.were;has

C.were;isD.has;has

解析:第一空应根据someflowers来确定谓语动词应用复数,justnow表明是过去时;第二空根据nothing来判断谓语动词应用单数,now表明一般现在时。

答案:__C__

一、单项选择。

1.Thispairofpants______mine.Yoursmay__A__onthebed.(2014,绥化)

A.is;beB.are;beC.are;are

2.There__A__somemilkandtwoeggsonthetable.(2014,永州)

A.isB.areC.has

3.—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?

—Yes.Anothertendays__A__enough.(2014,广东)

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

4.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn__D__therewhenthemeetingbegan.(2013,威海)

A.areB.isC.wereD.was

5.—Maths______myfavouritesubject,whataboutyou?(2013,广安)

—Physics__A__.Ithinkitsveryinteresting.

A.is;isB.are;areC.are;is

6.Inourschoollibrarythere______anumberofbooksonscience,andintheseyearsthenumberofthem__A__growinglargerandlarger.(2013,安顺)

A.are;isB.is;areC.have;areD.has;is

7.Noone__B__swimminginsuchbadweather.

A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked

8.Diana,togetherwithherfriends,__C__ChineseinChina.

A.studyB.havestudied

C.studiesD.arestudying

9.—BothLiLeiandHanMeimei__D__fondoftheTVprogramAbiteofChina(《舌尖上的中国》).

—Iamalsodeeplymovedbyitsstories.

A.isB.amC.wasD.are

10.—Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithmetonight?

—Idloveto,but__C__ofustwohastickets.Doyouhavesome?

A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none

二、词汇运用。

11.EitherTomorshe__is__(be)goingtothepartynextweek.Oneofthemmuststayathome.

12.Theactoranddirector__is__(be)comingtogiveusaspeechnextweekend.(2013,兰州)

13.WhenIgotthere,theyeach__were_reading__(read)abook.

14.Neitherofus__likes__(like)thestorybook.

15.Thispairoftrousers__was_made__(make)bymyauntlastyear.

16.Afootballteamoften__has__(have)elevenplayers.

17.Noonebutmyparents__knows/knew__(know)thetruth.

18.Jimsfamily__enjoy__(enjoy)watchingTVaftersupper.

19.Look!Theclass__are_doing__(do)morningexercisesontheplayground.

20.Twentyyears__has__(have)passedsincehelefthishometown.

2017年中考英语二轮语法主谓一致专题复习材料


中考考点十一:主谓一致
一.就近原则出现几个主语时,谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。
二.意义一致原则主语形式是单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词根据意义要用复数;反之主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词也用单数。如表示一笔钱,一段时间,一定重量时,这些单位虽是复数形式,但谓语动词是单数形式。
三.语法一致一个句子的主语是单数时,谓语动词也应是单数形式,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。
细则如下:
1.由并列结构或连词(either…or,neither…nor,not…but,notonly…butalso,or等)连接的并列主语,谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。
NeitherhisparentsnorTom_____(be)athome. 
2.在倒装句和therebe句型中,谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。
There_____(be)abookandsomepensonthedesk.
There______(come)thebus.
3.在定语从句中,关系代词作主语,其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
Iknowthemanwho_____(be)talkingtomyfather.
4.在强调句中,连接代词又在句中作主语,这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。
 ItisMary’sbrotherwho_____(be)injuredinthecaraccidentyesterday.
5.从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Whentoleave_____(be)notbeendecided.
WatchingTVtoomuch_____(be)badforyoureyes.
 Whentoleave_____(be)notbeendecided.
WatchingTVtoomuch_____(be)badforyoureyes.
注:如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句,谓语动词常用复数。
Whathesaidandwhathedid_____(be)alwaysdifferentlastnight.
由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
 WhatIwanttosay_____(be)just“Takecare!”.
6.“…+(of)+名词”作主语时,若“of”后的名词为单数(不可数名词),则谓语动词用单数,如果名词为复数,则谓语动词用复数,
如:halfof,someof,anyof,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,aquarterof,athirdof,30%of。
Mostofthewaterhere______(be)clean.
80%cotton______have)beensenttoAmerica.80%
Halfoftheapples______(be)red.
7.词组“anumberof”作主语时,谓语动词应用复数;“thenumberof”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Anumberofancientbuildings_____(be)destroyedinthewar.
Thenumberofthevisitors_____(have)decreasedthisyear.
5.英语的集体名词(family,public,group,team,class等词),指代“整体”时为单数;指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。
Myfamily____(be)verypoorwhenIwasalittlegirl
Myfamily______(be)alllookingforwardforyourcoming.
8.every+….andevery+…..或each+…andeach+…作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Everymanandeverywoman_____(be)busyatworking.
9.英语句中的each,either,neither等词,作代词充当主语,修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Neitherofus_____(have)beenabroad.Neitheranswer_____(be)wrong.
10.由some,anyevery,no构成的复合词(somebody,nobody,everything,anything等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Somebody______(be)waitingforyouattheschoolgate.
11.成双成对出现的复数名词(glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves等)作主语时,通常谓语动词用复数,但前面有a/thepairof;a/thesuitof等词语时,则谓语动词要与量词(pair,suit,piece)在单复数上保持一致。
Apairofscissors_______(be)usefultoolforadressmaker.
Twopiecesofpaper______(be)onthedesk.
12.以复数形式出现,却表示单数意义(maths,physics,news…)谓语用单数。
 Maths_____(be)myfavoritesubject.
13.“the+形容词(old/young/rich/poor)”表示“一类人”,作主语时,谓语用复数。
Theyoung______(like)listeningtopopularsongs.
14.“the+姓氏的复数”表示“某某夫妇,某某一家人”,作主语时,谓语用复数。
TheGreens_______(be)havinglunchnow.
15.当主语与谓语动词之间插入alongwith,with,aswellas,togetherwith,besides,except,but,including等短语时,谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
Ialongwithmysister_____(be)goingtoShanghainextmonth.
16.表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时,通常被视作整体,谓语动词用单数。
10minutesisenough.
17.加减乘除等数学运算谓语动词通常用单数。
2and3______5.
18.“the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人、….夫妇”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
TheBlacks______(enjoy)workinginChina.
19由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但and所连接的并列主语是同
一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下:a/the+单数名词+and+单
数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。
Thewriterandteachercoming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
Thewriterandtheteachercoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1There______beafashionshowinourtowntomorrow.
A.aregoingtoB.willhaveC.hasD.isgoingto
()2Doingexercise____goodforyourhealth.
A.beB.amC.isD.are
()3NeitherhenorI__________fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.
A.isB.areC.amD.be
()3.Anumberoftourists________Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.
A.havebeentoB.hasbeentoC.hasgonetoD.havegoneto
()4NowthenumberofChinesepeople_____workingAfricamorethanonemillion.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
()5.NotonlymyfriendsbutalsoI_______interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavoritestar.
A.beB.amC.isD.are
()6.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn____therewhenthemeetingbegan.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
()7.NeitherKatenorhercousins______toAmerica,but______ofthemhaveknownthecountryverywell.
A.havebeen;allB.havegone;bothC.hasbeen;all
()8There_____adictionaryandtwopensonthedesk.
A.amB.isC.are
()9.—Maths____myfavouritesubject,whataboutyou?—Physics_____.Ithinkitsveryinteresting.
A.is:isB.are;areC.are;is
()10.Inourschoollibrarythere_____anumberofbooksonscience,andintheseyearsthenumberofthem_____growinglargerandlarger.
A.are;isB.is;areC.have;areD.has;is
()11NeithermysisternorI_____beentoAmericabefore.
A.haveeverB.haveneverC.haseverD.hasnever.
()12Neitherofthebooks____interesting.Iwon’tbuyofthem_____..
A.is;eitherB.are;neitherC.is;any
()13There___stillsomeapplejuiceinthefridge.It’snotnecessaryforustogotothesupermarketnow.
A.wasB.wereC.isD.are
()14Howtimeflies!Wellgraduate.Threeyearsreally____shorttime.
A.wasB.areC.is
()15.Doyouthinkthere_____robotsinPeople’shomesinthefuture?
A.willbeB.willisC.bewill
()16There______somemilk,twoapplesandabottleofjuiceinthefridge.
A.isB.areC.have
()17NobodyexceptTomandMary_______intheclassroom.The
studentsarewatchingthebasketballgameontheplaygroundnow.
A.amB.isC.are
()18—Icalledyouat5:00yesterdayafternoon,butnooneanswered.
—Sorry,Iwithmyparents_______atthattime.
A.wasshoppingB.wereshoppingC.areshoppingD.wentshopping
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