Unit18 NewZealand。
一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，作为教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容，帮助教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。那么怎么才能写出优秀的教案呢？下面是小编为大家整理的“Unit18 NewZealand”，相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。
Unit18 NewZealand
Ⅰ.TeachingGoals:
1.TalkaboutNewZealandandChina.
2.Talkaboutlocationanddirection.
3.Learntouse“It”asasubject.
4.Writeadescriptionofacountryoraregion.
Ⅱ.TeachingTime:
Fourperiods
TheFirstPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Learntodescribelocationanddirection.
2.Dosomelisteningpractice.
3.Improvethestudentsspeakingabilitybytalking.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Trainthestudentslisteningability.
2.Mastertheexpressionsdescribinglocationanddirection.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
1.Howtoimprovethestudentslisteningability.
2.Howtofinishthetaskofspeaking.
TeachingMethods:
1.Listening-and-choiceactivitytohelpthestudentsgothroughwiththelisteningmaterial.
2.Individual,pairorgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.ataperecorder
2.amapofChina
2.acomputer
TeachingProcedures:
stepⅠ.Greetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
stepⅡ.Lead-in
T:(PutupamapofChinaontheblackboard.)
ThisisamapofChina.Ithinkyourefamiliarwithit,arentyou?
Ss:Yes.
T:Goodwell,pleaselookattheEnglishwordsonthescreen.SaytheirChinesemeaningsandmatchthemwiththemap.
(Teachershowsthescreen)
BohaiSea YellowSea EastChinaSea SouthChinaSea SeaofJapan PacificOcean Taiwan Hainan Japan thePhilippines Korea Russia Mongolia India Thailand theHimalayas
(Teacheraskssomestudentstothefrontanddothetask.)
T:Verygood.Nowweveputthenamesofcountries,islands,seasandoceanstotheircorrectplaces.
StepⅢ.WarmingUp
T:Lookatthemap,please.Trytodescribetheirlocations.Beforeyoudothetask,lookatthetwoexamplesontheBb:TheEastChinaSealiestotheeastofZhejiangProvince.HainanIslandliestothesouthofGuangdongProvince.(Teacherreadsthem).
T:Fromthetwoexamples,wecanlearntousethefollowingsentencestructuretodescribelocation.(TeacherwritesthefollowingontheBb.)
(Bb:Alies/istotheeast/west/south…ofB.)
OK.Letspractisethesentencestructure.Illgiveyouthreeminutestoprepareit.ThenI
llasksomestudentstoreadouttheirsentences.
T:(Threeminuteslater)Timeisup.Areyouready?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Illcheckyoursentences.Onestudent,oneplace.
S1:TheBohaiSealiestothesouthwestofLiaoningProvince.
S2:TheYellowSeaistotheeastofShandongProvince.
S3.TheSouthChinasealiestothesouthofGuangdongProvince.
S4:TheSeaofJapanistothenorthofJapan.
S5:ThePacificOceanliestotheeastofAsia.
S6:TaiwanliestothesoutheastofFujianProvince.
S7:JapanliestotheeastofChina.
S8:ThePhilippinesistothesouthofChina.
S9:KorealiestotheeastofShandongProvince.
S10:RussialiestothenorthofEuropeandAsia.
S11:MongoliaistothenorthofChina.
S12:IndialiestothesouthwestofChina.
S13:ThailandliestothesouthofChina.
S14:TheHimalayasliestothesouthwestofChina.
StepⅣ.Listening
T:Next,letsdosomelistening.TurntoPage27andlookatthelisteningpart.FirstPart1.ListentothetapeandlookatthemapofDolphinIsland.Thencompletethemapwithinformationyouhear.Illplaythetapeforthefirsttime.ListencarefullyanddoPart1.(Teacherplaysthetapeforthestudentstolisten.Afterlistening,thestudentsaregiventwominutestochecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners.)
T:Haveyoufinished?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.LetsgoonwithPart2.Beforelisteningtothetape,youneedtogothroughwithPart2andmakesureyouknowwhattodo.
(TeachergivesthestudentsoneortwominutestogothroughwithPart2.Thenplaythetapeagain.Afterawhile,checktheiranswersinclass.Ifthestudentshaveanydifficulty,teachermayplayitagain.)
StepⅤ.Speaking
T:NowlookatSpeakingatPage27.Todaywelltalkaboutthebirthplacesofourgrandparents,parentsandourselves.First,answermyquestion.Wherewereyouborn?Anyvolunteer?
S15:IwasborninTaiyuan.ItliesinthecentreofShanxiProvince.
T:DoyouknowhowfaritisfromBeijing?
S16:Ithinkitsabout300kilometres.
T:OK.Doyouknowwhereyourparentswereborn?
S16:Yes.MymotherwasalsoborninTaiyuan,whilemyfathercamefromasmalltowninShanghai.
T:Whataboutyourgrandparents?
S16:MygrandmotherwasalsoborninasmallvillageofShanghai.MygrandfathermovedtoShanghaifromSichuanProvince.
T:Good.Thankyou.Sitdown,please.Next,letstalkaboutthebirthplacesofourfamilies.Beforeyoutalkaboutit,youcangothroughwiththefollowingexpressionsontheBb:NorthChina,SouthChina,WestChina,EastChina,NortheasternChina,CentralChina,SoutheasternChina,inthenorth/south/east/westof…,tothenorth/south/east/westof…,inthenorthern/southern/eastern/westernpartof…,northeastern/northwestern/southeastern/
southwestern.Theyrehelpfulindescribinglocations.
(Teachergivesthestudentsafewminutestoreadtheusefulexpressions.ThenletthestudentsreadthedialogueonPage27andactitout.)
T:(Afterthat)Pleasemakeupanewdialogueaccordingtotheoneactedbefore.Afterawhile,Illasksomepairstoactbeforetheclass.(Afewminuteslater.)
T:Well,whodliketoactoutyourdialogue?
SA、B:Letustry.(Twostudentsstandupandactouttheirdialoguebeforetheclass.)
T:Verygood.Pleasegobacktoyourseats.
Suggestedanswers:
A:Whereisyourgreat-grandfatheronyourfatherssidefrom?
B:HeisfromLeshan,asmalltowninthesouthofSichuanProvince.
A:Canyouexplainwherethatis?
B:Leshanliesabout120kilometressouthofChengdu.
A:Andwhataboutyourgreat-grandmotheronyourfathersside？
B:ShesfromeasternSichuan.
A:Whichcity?
B:Itsnotacity.ShesfromBacounty,asmalltown.ItsnotfarfromthecityofChongqing.
A:Whereareyourparentsfrom?
B:MyfathercomesfromChengdu,andmymothersfromDujiangyan.
A:IsitfarfromChengdutoDujiangyan?
B:No.Itsabout60kilometres.
A:Andwhataboutyou?
B:IwasborninChengdu.ItsinthecenterofSichuanProvince.
StepⅥ.Consolidation
T:Thankyouforyourwonderfulperformance.Now,letsdoanexercisetoconsolidatewhatwevelearnt.Pleaselookatthescreen.TranslatetheEnglishintoChineseandtheChineseintoEnglish.Writeyouranswersonapieceofpaper.Fiveminuteslater,Illcollectthem.(Showthescreen.)
TranslatetheEnglishintoChineseandtheChineseintoEnglish.
1.SanFranciscois/liesinthewestoftheUSA.
2.Eastofthemountainisalargelake.
3.Shanghaiis/liesintheeastofChina.
4.Therearefruittreesonthenorth
bankoftheriver.
5.河北省在中国的北部。
6.这个城的北面有一条铁路。
7.中国位于亚洲的东部。
8.这湖的东边有两座城镇。
Suggestedanswers:
1.旧金山位于美国的西部。
2.这座山的东面有一个大湖。
3.上海位于中国的东部。
4.这河的北岸有果树。
5.HebeiProvinceis/liesinthenorthofChina.
6.Northofthecityisarailway.
7.Chinalies/isintheeastofAsia.
8.Eastofthelakearetwotowns.
StepⅦ.SummaryandHomework
T:Inthisperiod,wevedonesomelisteningandspeaking.Wevealsotalkedaboutlocationanddirection.Whendescribinglocation,wecanusetheexpressionsontheBb.(PointingtotheBb.)Afterclass,practisetalkingaboutlocationanddirectionandmasterthesentencestructureontheBb.
Besides,previewthereadingmaterialinthenextperiod.Somuchfortoday.Classisover.
StepⅧ.TheDesignofthewritingontheBlackboard
Unit18 NewZealand
TheFirstPeriod
Ⅰ.TheEastChinaSealiestotheeastofZhejiangProvince.HainanIslandliestothesouthofGuangdongProvince.Alies/istotheeast/west/south…ofB.
Ⅱ.Usefulexpressionstodescribelocations:
NorthChina SouthChina WestChina EastChina NortheasternChina CentralChina SoutheasternChina inthenorth/south/east/westof… tothenorth/south/east/westof… inthenorthern southern/eastern/westernpartof… northere/northwestern Sichuan southeastern/southwestern Hunan
StepⅨ.RecordafterTeaching
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
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TheSecondPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Trainthestudentsreadingability.
2.LetthestudentslearnsomethingaboutNewZealand.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Improvethestudentsreadingability.
2.LearnaboutNewZealandsgeography,climate,naturalbeautyandhistory.
TeachingDifficultPoint:
Howtohelpthestudentsunderstandthetextbetter.
TeachingMethods:
1.Fastreadingtofindoutthegeneralideaofthetext.
2.Question-and-answeractivitytohelpthestudentstounderstandthedetailedinformationinthetext.
3.Individualorpairworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.ataperecorder 2.acomputer3.amapoftheworld.
TeachingProcedures:
stepⅠ.GreetingsandRevision
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
T:Yesterdaywelearntsomeusefulexpressionstodescribelocations.Now,whocandescribethelocationofChina?
S1:Letmetry.ChinaliestothewestofthePacificOcean,thesouthofRussiaandMongolia.ItisintheeastofAsia.
T:Verygood.
stepⅡ.Pre-reading
T:(Putupamapoftheworld.)Now,pleaselookatthemap.Therearemanyislandsonthemap.Canyoufindfiveislands?Whocantry?
S2:Letmetry.Japan,Iceland,thePhilippines,IndonesiaandNewZealand.
T:Youreright.Thankyou.Now,letsdescribewheretheyare.Youcandoitlikethis:Itis…inthe…sea/ocean;…tothenorth/south/east/westof…;Thenearestcountryis….Pleasebegin.Onestudent,oneisland.
S3:JapanliestotheeastofChina.ItisinthePacificOcean.ThenearestcountryisKorea.
S4:IcelandliesintheAtlanticOcean.ItisinthenorthwestofEurope.ThenearestcountryisEngland.
S5:ThePhilippinesliesinthePacificOcean.ItisinthesouthofAsia.Malaysiaisthenearestcountryfromit.
S6:IndonesialiesinthesouthofAsia.ItsalsointhePacificOcean.ThenearestcountryisalsoMalaysia.
S7:NewZealandisinthePacificOcean.ItliesofftheeasterncoastofAustralia.Australiaisthenearestcountryfromit.
T:Welldone.Doyouknowwhatthenamesoftheircapitalcitiesare?
Ss:Sorry,wedontknowallofthem.
T:Itdoesntmatter.IthinkyoumustknowthecapitalofJapan,dontyou?
Ss:Yes.ItsTokyo.
T:Verygood.DoyouknowinwhichpartoftheIslandTokyois?
Ss:Yes.ItisinthenortheastofJapan.
T:Quiteright.IfyouwanttogotoJapanfromyourhometown,howcanyougetthere?
Ss:Byair.
T:Why?
(Onestudentstandsupandexplainswhy.)
T:Yourequiteright.Thankyou.Sitdown,please.Now,letsgoon.DoyouknowwhatthenameofIcelandscapitalcityis?
Ss:Sorry,wedontknow.
S3:Iknow,butIcanonlysayitinChinese.Itis“雷克雅未克”.
T:OK.Pleasesitdown.Itisspelt“R-e-y-k-j-a-v-i-k”inEnglish.ItliesinthesouthwestofIceland.Wecangotherebyshiporplane.
(Inthesameway,theteacherasksthestudentsabouttheotherthreeislandsandletsomestudentsanswer.Iftheyhaveanydifficulty,teachermayhelpthem.)
Suggestedanswers:
ThePhilippinescapitalisManila.Itliesinthecentreoftheisland.Wecangettherebyairorship.IndonesiascapitalisDjakarta.Itisinthesouthoftheisland.Wecantakeaship/aplanetogothere.WellingtonisthecapitalofNewZealand.ItliesontheNorthIsland.Wecanarrivetherebyplane.
StepⅢ.Reading
T:Fromthemap,wevelearntthelocationofNewZealandanditscapital.Today,weregoingtolearnsomethingaboutNewZealand.Beforereadingthetext,letsdealwiththenewwordsappearinginthetext.
(Teacheraskssomestudentstoreadoutthenewwords.Atthesametime,correcttheirmistakesinpronunciation,andgivesomeexplanationsifnecessary.)
T:Now,turntoPage28.Readthepassagesilentlyandquickly,getthegeneralidea,andthendotheexerciseonthescreen.Afterawhile,Illcheckyouranswerswiththewholeclass.
(Teachershowsthescreen.)
Thereadingpassagehasfourparagraphs.Matcheachparagraphwiththebestheading.
1.History 2.Climate 3.Naturalbeauty 4.Geography
Suggestedanswers:
Paragraph1:4 Paragraph2:2 Paragraph3:3 Paragraph 4:1
T:Welldone.Now,readthefirstparagraphagain,andthendoanotherexerciseonthescreen.
(Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen)
Describethelocationofthefollowinglands,seasandcitiesinrelationtoNewZealand.
A.PacificOcean B.TasmanSea C.Wellington D.Auckland E.Christchurch
Well,youregiventhreeminutestodoit.Threeminuteslater.Illasksomeofyoutodescribethelocationofthem.Areyouclear?
Ss:Yes.
T:Well,whodliketodescribethelocationofthePacificOcean?
T:Begin,please.(Afterthreeminutes.)Areyouready?
Ss:Yes.
S4:Idliketo.ThePacificOceanliestothenorthandeastofNewZealand.
T:Thatsright.WhereistheTasmanSea?
S5:ItliestothesouthandwestofNewZealand.
T:Yes,youreright.Letsgoon.WhataboutWellington?
S6:WellingtonisontheNorthIsland.
S7:AucklandalsoliesontheNorthIsland.
S8:ChristchurchliesontheSouthIsland.
T:Verygood.Now,readthewholepassageoncemore.Thistime,youshouldpayattentiontothewordsinbold.Afterreading,youneedtotelluswhatthewordsreferto.Atlast,Illcheckyouranswers.Youregivenafewminutestodoit.OK?
Ss:OK.
(Afewminuteslater,theteacherchecksthem.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.“It”refersto“NewZealand”.
2.“which”refersto“hotsprings”.
3.“thisheat”refersto“theheatfromhotspring.”
4.“thesesettlers”refersto“Europeans”.
5.“it”refersto“England”.
StepⅣ.ExplanationandFurtherUnders-tanding
T:Now,pleaselookatthescreen.Illexplainsomethingdifficulttoyou.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen)
1.bemadeupof
e.g.Ayearismadeupoffourseasons.
2.besurroundedby
e.g.Thatisahousewhichissurroundedbytrees.
Wearesurroundedbydangers.
3.makeelectricity
e.g.Coalcanbeusedtomakeelectricity.
4.takepossessionof
e.g.Youcanttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.
5.signanagreementwith
e.g.Thetwocompaniessignedanagreementwitheachotheroverthepriceoftheproduct.
(Bb:bemadeupof,besurroundedby,makeelectricity,takepossessionof,signanagreementwith)
StepⅤ.Comprehension
T:WevelearntalotaboutNewZealand.Now,letsdoanexerciseabouttheclimateandweatherinNewZealand.PleaselookatthegraphsonPage29.Thenchoosethecorrectanswersforthefollowingquestions.Firstdoitbyyourself,thencheckyouranswerswithyourpartner.Finally,Illcheckyouranswers.Isthatclear?
Ss:Yes.
Suggestedanswers:
1)B 2)B 3)D 4)D
T:Verygood.Fromthechart,whatcanyoulearnabouttheclimateandweatherinNewZealand?Whatinformationdoesthechartnotgive?Whoknows?
S9:Letmetry.Fromthechart,wecanlearnthattheclimateinNewZealandisverymild.Itisntveryhotinsummerandnotcoldinwinter.Itrainsalot.ThewarmestmonthsareDecembertoFebruary.ThecoldestmonthsareJunetoAugust.Butwedontknowithasamildseaclimatefromthechart.
T:Welldone.Now,comparetheclimateinChinawiththeclimateinNewZealandandexplainthedifferences.Ifyoudliketo,makeachart.Illgiveyoufiveminutestoprepareit.Youcandiscusswithyourpartner.Pleasewriteyouranswersonapieceofpaper.Afterawhile,Illcollectthem.Doyouunderstand?
Ss:Yes.
Suggestedanswers:
StepVIListeningandConsolidation
T:Now,listentothetape.Thistime,youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciationandintonation.(Teacherplaysthetapeandthestudentslistenandfollow.Afterthat,theteachergivesthestudentsafewminutestoreadaloud.)
T:Nowcompletethefollowingpassageonthescreen.Dontlookatyourbooks,please.
(Teachershowsthescreen.)
NewZealandisanislandmadeupof（1）mainislandsinthe（2）Ocean.Itscapital,（3）,liesontheNorthIsland.（4）weretheearliestpeopletocometoNewZealand.Theybroughtdogs,ratsand（5）suchasthesweetpotatowiththemand（6）mainlyintheNorthIsland.Druingthe19thcentury,（7）,mainly（8）hadcometosettleinNewZealand,andtheMaori（9）withthesesettlers.Thatdayisstill（10）asa（11）holiday.
NewZealandisacountrywithawarm（12）,manyplantsand（13）thatonlyliveinNewZealand.
Themostfamousanimalisalittle（14）thatcannotfly.ItiscalledaKiwi.TheNorthIslandisfamousforanareaof（15）andsomeofthis（16）neartheearthssurfaceisusedto（17）
Suggestedanswers:
(1)two (2)Pacific(3)Wellington(4)TheMaori(5)plants(6)settled(7)Europeans(8)British(9)signedanagreement(10)celebrated(11)National(12)climate(13)animals(14)bird(15)hotsprings(16)heat(17)makeelectricity
StepⅦ.SummaryandHomework
T:Inthisclass,wevereadapassageaboutNewZealand.Fromthepassage,wevelearntsomethingaboutNewZealand,suchas,geography,climate,naturalbeautyandhistory.(WritethemontheBb.)Atthesametime,wevelearntsomeusefulexpressions.Afterclass,youmustrememberthemandusethemcorrectly.Atlast,dontforgettopreviewnextperiod.Thatsallfortoday.Classisover.
StepⅧ.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit18 NewZealand
TheSecondPeriod
Ⅰ.Geography Climate Naturalbeauty History
Ⅱ.Usefulexpressions:
bemadeupofbesurroundedby
makeelectricitytakepassessionof
signanagreementwith
StepⅨ.RecordafterTeaching
_____________________________________
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_____________________________________
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TheThirdPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Writeapassagetoconsolidatethewordsdescribingnaturalenvironment.
2.Reviseandlearntheuseof“it”.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Theusageof“it”usedinthesubjectpositiontostandfortheinfinitiveoraclause.
2.Theusageof“it”usedtotalkabouttime,date,distanceorweather.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
1.Helpthestudentsmasterthefollowingsentencestructure:Itis/was+n./adj.+infinitive/clause.
2.Howtouse“it”correctly.
TeachingMethods:
1.Discussionmethodtohelpthestudentscombinesomesentencesandformapassage.
2.Inductivemethodtohelpthestudentsmastertheuseof“it”.
3.Pairworkorindividualworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.aprojectorandsomesides
2.theblackboard
TeachingProcedures:
stepⅠ.GreetingsandRevision
Greetthewholeclassasusual
T:YesterdaywelearntatextaboutNewZealand.Now,pleaselookatthescreen.Answerthefollowingquestions.
(Theteachershowsthescreen.)
Answerthefollowingquestions:
1.WhereisNewZealand?Whatisitscapitalcity?
2.WhatstheweatherofNewZealandlike?
3.WhatstheNorthIslandfamousfor?
4.Whatsthemostfamousanimal?
5.Whoaretheearliestpeopletocometothiscountry?
Suggestedanswers:
1.NewZealandliesofftheeasterncoastofAustralia.Itismadeupoftwolargeislands:NorthIslandandSouthIsland.ThePacificOceanliestothenorthandeastofit.ItscapitalcityisWellington.
2.NewZealandhasamildseaclimate.Itrainsalot.ThewarmestmonthsareDecembertoFebruary.ThecoldestmonthsareJunetoAugust.
3.TheNorthIslandisfamousforhotsprings.
4.ThemostfamousanimalinitiscalledaKiwi,whichhaswingsbutcannotfly.
5.TheMaoriaretheearliestpeopletocometothiscountry.
T:Verygood.
stepⅡ.WordStudy
T:Now,pleaselookatthewordwebsonthescreen.
(Teachershowsthescreen.)
jungles forests wooded grassy deserts grasslands rocky sandy flat hills mountains hilly mountainous
Well,workinpairstomakesentenceswithallofthewordsandthentrytocombinethem.Youregivensevenminutestodoit.Sevenminuteslater,Illasksomestudentstoreadouttheirpassages.
Suggestedanswer:
Weweregoingthroughamountainousareabybus.Beforewewentinthemountains,wesawsomesandyareasanddesertsalongthehillyroad.Somejunglescouldbeseenfromtimetotime.Inthedistancearegreymountains.Thesightwasverysad.Thenweclimedoverarockyhill.Afterthatalargeflatgrasslandappearingbeforeoureyes.Therewasabigforestattheend.Tooursurprise,somesmallwoodedcottagesstoodthere.Somegrassyplantsaswellasallkindsofflowersgrewaroundthecottages,whichmadethecottagesverybeautiful.
StepⅢ.Grammar
T:Welldone.Youreimaginative.Now,lookatthesentencesonthescreenandtelltheuseof“it”.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
1.Itwasgettingdark.
2.ItisApril1sttoday.
3.ItrainsalotinNewZealand.
4.Itissome3500kilometresfromPolynesiatoNewZealand.
5.ItisagoodthingthatNewZealandhelpstheMaoritokeeptheirownlanguageandculture.
6.Itisquitenormalthatunclesandauntslivewiththefamilyforalongtime.
7.ItisinterestingtovisitNewZealand.
T:Whocantrythefirstsentence?
S1:Icantry.Inthefirstsentence,“it”isusedtoreferto“time.”
T:Yes,youreright.Letsgoon.Thesecondone,LiXiao,youtry,please.
S2:Here“it”isusedtotalkabout“date”.
T:Verygood.Thethirdone.Canyoutry,WangFang?
S3:Yes,Ithink“it”hereisusedtoreferto“weather”.
T:OK.Doyouknowwhat“it”referstointhefourthsentence?
S3:Yes.“It”refersto“distance”.
T:Quiteright.Pleasesitdown.Letslookatthefifthone.WhodliketotranslatethesentenceintoChinese?
S4:Idliketo.新西兰人帮助毛利人保持他们自己的语言和文化是件好事。
T:Good.Canyoutellustheuseof“it”inthesentence?
S4:Sorry,Idontknow.
T:Itdoesntmatter.Sitdown,please.Whoknows?
S5:Illtry.Iguess“it”isusedtoreferto“that-clause”.
T:Welldone.Yourequiteright.Canyoutrynextsentence?
S5:Yes.“It”isalsousedtostandfor“that-clause”.
T:Verygood.Thelastone.Whocantry?
S6:Letmetry.Ithink“it”isusedinthesubjectpositiontostandfor“theinfinitive”.ItsChinesemeaningis:“参观新西兰是有趣的。”
T:Quiteright.Fromthesentencesabove,wecansumuptheuseof“it”.Impersonal“it”canbeusedtotalkabouttime,date,distanceorweather.(WritethemontheBb.)Besides,“it”canbeusedinthesubjectpositiontostandforaninfinitiveoraclause.Fromthesentences5,6and7,wecanlearnthefollowingsentencestructure:Itis/was+adj./n.+infinitive/clause.(WriteitontheBb.)Now,whocanusethesentencestructuretomakesomesentences?
S7:Letmetry.Itisimpassibleforsofewpeopletodosomuchworkinasingleday.
S8:Itisveryimportanttofollowtherules.
S9:Itistruethatheacceptedtheinvitation.
(TeacherwritesthestudentssentencesontheBb.)
T:Verygood.Now,openyourbooksandturntoPage30.LetsdoEx.1.Firstdoitbyyourselves,andthencheckyouranswerswithyourpartners.Atlast,Illasksomeofyoutoreadoutyoursentences.Beforeyoudoit,youmaylookatexamplefirst.Areyouclear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Youregivenafewminutestodoit.Pleasebegin.(Afewminuteslater.)Haveyoufinished?
Ss:Yes.
(Teacheraskssomestudentstoreadouttheirsentences.)
SuggestedanswerstoEx.1:
(1)Itisveryexcitingtoreceivealetterfromaforeignfriend.
(2)Itisnotagoodhabittoeattoomuchjunkfood.
(3)Itisdangeroustodrivetoofast.
(4)Itisbadmannerstotalkwithyourmouthfull.
(5)Itisapleasuretoseeyouagain.
(6)Ithasalwaysbeenherdreamtogoabroadtostudy.
T:Youvedoneitverywell.Now,letsgoonwithEx.2.Youregiventhreeminutestodoitinthesameway.Afterawhile,Illcheckyouranswers.Doyouunderstand?
Ss:Yes.
(Afterawhile,teachercheckstheiranswers.)
SuggestedanswerstoEx.2:
(1)ItisstrangethatyoudontknowwhereNewZealandis.
(2)Itisarealpleasurethatyouinvitedmetothewondefuldinner.
(3)Itwasnotsurprisingthathefailedhismathsexam.
(4)Itwasashocktoallthathissecretarystolethemoney.
StepⅣ.Test
T:Now,letshaveatest.Pleaselookatthescreen.Writeyouranswersonapieceofpaper.Beforeclassisover,Illcollectthem.
(Teachershowsthescreen.)
Ⅰ.Fillintheblankswith“Itis”or“It”andexplainwhateach“it”isusedfor.
1.__________isquitealongwayfromheretothecastle.
2.__________NationalDaytoday.
3.__________fouroclockp.m.now.
4.__________isratherwindyatseasometimes.
5.__________hardforhimtogetridofhisbadhabit.
6.__________apleasurethathehasbeenadmittedtoauniversity.
Ⅱ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
1.学生们每天练习说英语是有好处的。
2.学好一门外语是重要的。
3.她犯那样的错误是不可能的。
4.冬天，北京比上海更冷。
5.从这儿到最近的银行大约一英里。
6.是吃午饭的时间了。
Suggestedanswers:
Ⅰ.(1)It;distance(2)Itis;date(3)Itis;time(4)It;weather(5)Itis;forsb.todosth.
(6)Itis;that-clause
Ⅱ.(1)ItsusefulforstudentstopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday.
(2)Itsimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.
(3)Itisimpossiblethatsheshouldmakeamistakelikethat.
(4)Inwinter,itisevencolderinBeijingthaninShanghai.
(5)Itsabouta/onemilefromheretothenearestbank.
(6)Itstimeforlunch.
StepⅤ.SummaryandHomework
T:Inthisperiod,wevereviewedandlearnedtheuseof“it”.Inordertomasteritbetter,youneedtodomoreexercisesafterclass.Wevealsolearnedtousesomewordstomakesentencesandcombinethem.Thisexerciseisveryhelpfulinwritingapassage.Ifyoudliketo,youmayfindsomesimilarwordstomakesentencesandcombinethem.Atlast,dontforgettopreparefornextperiod.OK.Somuchfortoday.Classisover.
StepⅥ.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit18 NewZealand
TheThirdPeriod
Grammar:Theuseof“it”(1)
Ⅰ.Talkabouttime,date,distanceorweather.
Ⅱ.SentenceStucture:
Itis/was+adj./n.+infinitive/clause.
e.g.Itisimpossibleforsofewpeopletodosomuchworkinasingleday.
Itisveryimportanttofollowtherules.Itistruethatheacceptedtheinvitation.
StepⅦ.RecordafterTeaching
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
TheFourthPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Dosomereadingandwritingpracticetoimprovethestudentsintegratingskills.
2.Dosomeexercisestoconsolidatetheuseof“it”.
3.Learnhowtowriteadescripitionofacountryoraregion.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Improvethestudentsintegratingskills.
2.Helpthestudentsmastertheuseof“it”better.
TeachingDifficultPoint:
Howtoimprovethestudentsintegratingskills.
TeachingMethods:
1.Asking-and-answeringactivitytogothroughwiththereadingmaterial.
2.Individualorgroupworktotrainthestudentswritingability.
TeachingAids:
1.ataperecorder
2.aprojectorandsomeslides
3.theblackboard
TeachingProcedures:
stepⅠ.GreetingsandRevision
Greetthewholeclassasusual
T:Yesterdaywelearnttheuseof“it”.Now,letsreviewit.Whocantellustheuseof“it”?
S1:Letmetry.“It”canbeusedinthesubjectpositiontostandforaninfinitiveoraclause.And“it”canalsobeusedtorefertotime,date,distanceorweather.
T:OK.Yourequiteright.
stepⅡ.Checkpoint
T:Now,pleaselookatthescreen.TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.Youregivenafewminutestoprepareit,andthenIllasksomeofyoutowriteyoursentencesontheblackboard.
(Teachershowsthescreen.)
TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.
1.独自一人去海岸附近旅游是危险的。
2.他是否会接受那个工作还不知道。
3.同他谈话没有用。
4.很高兴再次见到你。
5.他没来很奇怪。
(Afewminuteslater,theteacherasksfivestudentstowritetheirsentencesontheblackboard.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.Itisdangeroustotravelalonenearthecoast.
2.Itwasunknownwhetherhewouldacceptthejob.
3.Itisnousetalkingtohim.
4.Itisnicetoseeyouagain.
5.Itisstrangethathedidntcome.
T:Well.Somuchforthegrammar.
StepⅢ.Reading
T:Now,turntoPage30.ReadthetextaboutlifeinNewZealand,andthenanswerthefollowingquestionsonthescreen.Illgiveyouafewminutestoprepare.Afterawhile,Illcheckyouranswers.
(Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen.)
Answerthefollowingquestions:
1.WhatistheofficiallanguageinNewZealand?
2.FortheMaori,whatarespecialdayscalled?
3.Whensomeonedies,whydoesalltherelationscometothemarae?
4.WhyisNewZealandthoughttobeanimportantagriculturalcountry?
5.WhydoNewZealanderslovesports?
Suggestedanswers:
1.EnglishandMaoriaretheofficiallanguages.
2.SpecialdaysfortheMaoriarecalledhuis.Ahuimaybeawedding,burialorconference.
3.BecausetheMaorithinkthatthespiritstayswiththebodyforthreedays.
4.Becausethemainexportsofthecountryareagriculturalproducts,suchaswool,lamb,beefandbutter.
5.Becausepeoplearelivinginacountrywithplentyofspaceandagoodclimate.
T:Welldone.Now,youveunderstoodthetextwell,buttheressomethingimportantforyoutomasterinit.Pleaselookatthescreen.
(Showthescreen.)
1.turnto
e.g.Heturnedtothestudyofmedicine.
Letstrunourattentiontothematterathand.
Theyalwaysturntomewhentheyreintrouble.
2.of+n.
e.g.Theyarebothofmiddleheight.
Mikeisaboyofgreatcourage.
StepⅣ.Writing
T:Now,readthepassageagain.Thenaccordingtothepassage,trytowriteashortdescriptionoftheChineseprovinceorregioninwhichyoulive.Beforewriting,lookatthescreen,please.
FirstParagraph:Writeaboutthepopulation,ethnicgroupsandthelanguagesspokenbythem.
SecondParagraph:Writeaboutthecultureofoneormoreethnicgroupsthatarenativetoyourprovinceorregion.
ThirdParagraph:Writeabouttheagriculturalproductsthatyourprovinceorregionisfamousfor.
FourthParagraph:Writeaboutthethingspeopleliketodointheirsparetimeinyourprovinceorregion.
T:Discusswhatyoullwriteaccordingtotheinformationonthescreen.Workingroupsoffour.Youregivenfiveminutestodiscuss.Oneofyourgroupneedstotakenotes.OK,pleasebegin.
(Teachergoesamongthestudentstojointheminthediscussion.Ifthestudentshaveanyquestionsonthediscussion,theteachermayhelpthem.)
T:Well,timeisup.Haveyoufinishedthediscussion?
S:Yes.
T:OK.Illasksomeofyoutotelluswhatprovinceorregionyoullwriteabout.Anyvolunteer?
S2:Afterdiscussing,ourgrouparegoingtowritesomethingaboutShanxiProvince,suchas,itsposition,population,ethnicgroups,culture,agriculturalproducts,andthethingspeoplethereliketodointheirsparetime.
S3:OurgroupwillwriteaboutYunnanProvince…
T:Verygood.Now,usetheinformationwhichyouvediscussedandgettowriteashortpassage.Firstwriteitbyyourself,andthenexchangeyourwritingwithyourpartnertocorrectthemistakesinit.Atlast,rewriteitonapieceofpaper.Tenminuteslater,Illcollectthem.Areyouclear?
Ss:Yes.
Onepossibleversion:
ShanxiProvinceliesinthenorthofChinawithapopulationofabout30millionpeople.BesidesHanPeople,therearemainlyMongolandHuiPeoplelivinginShanxiProvince,wheremostpeoplespeakPutonghuasothattheycanunderstandeachother.
InthenorthofShanxilivesomeMongolians,whoseancestorsarenomadictribeslivingbykeepingsheep.Theyarestrong,braveandhospitable.Agrandfestivalcalled“Na-damFair”isheldinsummereveryyear.Onfestivals,theywillcarryoutsometraditionalperformances,suchashorse-riding,whistlingandsoon.
Therearemanymountains,butbasinisflat.Ithasallkindsofagriculturalproducts,suchasrice,wheat,potatoes,cornandcotton.Itisalsorichincoal,andiscalled“homeofcoal”.
Peopletherelikeclimbingmountainsandsingingfolksongsintheirsparetime.Theyalsoenjoytakingallkindsofexercisetokeepfit.Paper-cutistheirhobby.Besides,thereareallsortsofcookedwheatenfoodinShanxi.Theyreverydelicious.
Shanxiismyhometown.Iloveitverymuch.
StepⅤ.Test
T:Inthisunit,wevelearntsomeusefulexpressions.Now,letshaveadictation.LiMing,pleasecometothefrontandwritethephrasesontheblackboard.Theotherstudents,takeoutapieceofpaperandwritethemonit.Areyouready?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Letsbegin.
(TeachersaysthefollowingphrasesinChinese,andthestudentswritetheminEnglish.
Bb:bemadeupof,besurroundedby,makeelectricity,takepossessionof,signanagreement,referto,inrelationto,compare…with…,standfor,takeplace,turnto,preparefor)
T:(Afterthat)Now,lookatthescreen.Completeeachsentencebyfillingtheblankwitharightphraseontheblackboard.Somephrasesmaynotbeused.
1.Doyouknowwhattheseboldwords__________?
2.TheMay4thMovement__________in1949.
3.CPC__________theCommunistPartyofChina.
4.TheUK__________fourcountries.
5.Ihavealottosay__________thataffair.
6.Theteacheraskedusto__________nextperiod.
7.Please__________yourattention__________somethingimportant.
8.Thesoldiers__________theenemyfort.
9.Theteacher__________Beijing__________Shanghaiinclass.
10.Generallyspeaking,weusecoalto__________.
Well,youregivenfiveminutestodotheexerciseonapieceofpaper.Afterthat,Illcheckyouranswers.
Suggestedanswers:
1.referto2.tookplace3.standsfor4.ismadeupof5.inrelationto6.preparefor
7.turn…to…8.tookpossessionof9.compared…with…10.makeelectricity
StepⅥ.SummaryandHomework
T:Inthisclass,wevedonesomeexercisestoreviewtheuseof“it”andtheusefulexpressionsappearinginthisunit.Wevealsodonesomereadingandwriting.ByreadingthetextaboutlifeinNewZealand,wehavelearnttowriteashortdescriptionaboutsomeprovinceorregion.Ifyouhaventfinishedthewriting,pleasegoonwithitafterclass.Todayshomework:previewUnit19.Classisover.
StepⅦ.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit18 NewZealand
TheFourthPeriod
Ⅰ.Sentences:
1.Itisdangeroustotravelalonenearthecoast.
2.Itwasunknownwhetherhewouldacceptthejob.
3.Itwasnousetalkingtohim.
4.Itisnicetoseeyouagain.
5.Itisstrangethathedidntcome.
Ⅱ.Usefulexpressions:
bemadeupofbesurroundedby
makeelectricitytakepossessionof
signanagreement referto
inrelationtocompare…with
standfortakeplace
turntopreparefor
StepⅧ.RecordafterTeaching
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
ReferenceforTeaching
一、异域风情
1.WayofLife
NewZealandisanindependentnationandamemberoftheBritishCommonwealth(英联邦).ThemajorityofNewZealandersareofBritishdescent,andthelargestminorityisNewZealandsindigenousMaoriwhomakeuparound14percentofthepopulation.
NewZealandlivesinburgalows(带走廊的平房),singlestory,single-unitdwellings(住处)onsmalllots(地).Highriseresidential(住宅的)developmentisarecentphenomenonconfined(局限于)mainlytoAucklandandWellington.MostNewZealandfamilieshaveavegetableandfruitgardenontheirlotwheretheygrowsomeoftheirfood.Itiscommonforfamiliestohaveanimalsaspets,especiallycatsanddogs.
NewZealandersarekeensportparticipantsandfollowers,Primarywintersportsarerugby,soccer,hocky,netball(avariantofbasketball,playedbywomen),skating,skiing,andmountainclimbing.Themostpopularsummersportsarecricket(板球),tennis,swimmingandsailing.
2.NewZealand—LandoftheWhiteCloud
Withitsprimevalforests,mightysnowcappedpeaks,giganticjordsandgrumblingvolcanoes,itsnowonderthemakersofTheLordOfTheRingsfilmsdecidedtoshootthetrilogyinNewZealand.Ruggedranger-typescanrelive.TheFellowshipOfTheRingsbyscalingforbiddingmountainpassesorcrossingvolcanicmoonscapestowardsthecracksofdoom.Formoreadrenalinehighstheresanunbeatablechoiceofgoodvalueactivities,formwhitewaterraftingandjetboatridestobungee-jumpingandskydiving.
FormorehomelyHobbittypes,NZhasmanyotherattractionstoenjoy—ramblingcountryside,agloriouscoastlineandplentyofsedateplacestositandenjoytheamazingviews.Andthentherestheterrificcuisineandwine.Withtwoweeksormore,agoodwaytoseethecountryistostartinAucklandontheNorthIsland,thendrivetoWellington,crossingbyferrytotheSouthIsland.TakeinthebreathtakingsceneryaroundQueenstownbeforeflyinghomefromChristchurch.TherestoomuchtoseebeyondAucklandtojustifyspendingtoomuchtimeinthecity,soheadsouthtoWaitomo.HidingbeneaththishillyareaarethehauntingWaitomoGlowwormCaves.Driftinsilenceinthedarkonthesubterraneanlakeandgazeupatthespectacularlivinglightshow.AdventurecompanyWaitomoLuminosaleadsgroupsthroughtheundergroundriversridingdarkrapidsoninnertyres.
延伸阅读
高考英语句型专题复习Unit18
Unit18
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.remain
讲：v.剩下；停留
linkv.一直保持；仍然(后接名词、形容词、分词或介词短语作表语)
例:Ifyoutake4from10,6remains.
10减去4，还余6。
Howlongwillyouremain(=stay)here?
你能在这里停多久？
Howcanweremainsilentonthisquestion?
对于这个问题我们怎么能保持沉默呢？
链接提示
可以用作连系动词的行为动词:
(1)表示感觉的动词
feel摸起来，感觉；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来
(2)表示进入某种状态或存在某种状态的动词
appear似乎；become变成；come变得；fall变成；get变得；go变得；grow变得；keep保持；prove证实；remain保持；seem好像；
stay保持；turn变得
练:（2010上海春季高考）Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain______________astheplanewasmakingalanding.
A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
提示:单从结构上讲，remain后可用现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式作表语，但是seat应该用seated作表语，如:Pleasebeseated.(=Pleaseseatyourself.=Sitdown,please.)故选C项。
答案:C
2.similar
讲：adj.相似的；类似的
similarlyadv.相似地；类似地；同样；也
例:MywifeandIhavesimilartastesinmusic.
我和妻子有共同的音乐爱好。
Thetwobrotherslooksimilar.
这兄弟俩长得很像。
Thetwohousesaresimilarinsize.
两座房子大小差不多。
Husbandandwifeweresimilarlysuccessfulintheirchosencareers.
夫妻俩在各自选择的事业上都很成功。
链接提示
(1)besimilarto...in...在……方面与……有相似之处
Thetwowordsaresimilartoeachotherinmeaning.
这两个词在意思上有相似之处。
(2)similarityn.相似性；相像性；相似点；相像处
Shebearsastrikingsimilaritytohermother.
她跟她母亲十分相像。
Thereissomesimilarityinthewaytheysing.
他们的演唱风格有点像。
练:(1)Ourbodyarestrengthenedbytakingexercises.__________,ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning.
A.ProbablyB.LikelyC.GenerallyD.Similarly
提示:本题考查在语境中选词的能力。probably意为“大概”；likely是形容词，意为“可能的”，用在此句不妥；generally意为“一般地”；similarly意为“同样地，类似地”。根据语意和词义，D项为正确答案。
答案:D
(2)Mytrainwas20minuteslateinthemorningandtherewasa(n)_____________delayintheevening.
A.sameB.alikeC.similarD.equal
提示:句意为:我乘坐的火早上晚点20分钟，晚上差不多也晚点这么长时间。
答案:C
(3)Thetwophrasesaresimilar______________structurebutdifferent_______meaning.
A.in;inB.to;toC.in;fromD.with;from
提示:句意为:这两个短语结构相似，但意义不同。besimilarin...在……相似；besimilarto...与……相似；bedifferentin...在……不同；bedifferentfrom...与……不同。
答案:A
3.attempt
讲：n.努力、尝试、企图、未遂行为
v.尝试；试图；试图征服(危险的山、海等)
例:Theymadenoattemptatescaping.
他们没有试图逃走。
HemadeanattempttoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.
他试图渡过英吉利海峡。
Theydecreasedtheirproductioninanattempttopushtheprices.
他们减少生产量，以试图抬高价格。
Theyattemptedasurpriseattack.
他们企图偷袭。
Theprisonersattemptedtoescape,butfailed.
那些囚犯试图逃走，但失败了。
Heattemptedbreakingtheworldrecord.
他试图打破世界记录。
链接提示
(1)attempttodo/doingsth.企图做某事
attempttodosth.暗含不成功之意；trytodosth.“尽力做某事”，结果有可能成功也有可能失败；managetodosth.“设法做到”，结果一定是成功的
(2)makeanattempttodo/doingsth.试图做某事
(3)attemptedadj.未遂的；意图的
anattemptedmurder/suicide杀人未遂/自杀未遂
练:(1)（2010江苏高考）Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe____________murderlastnight.
A.advisedB.attended
C.attemptedD.admitted
提示:句意为:一个男子正在被询问昨天晚上的杀人未遂案。attempted与句意相符。
答案:C
(2)TomhasbeenpreparingcarefullyfortheEnglishexamination,sothathecanbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________________.
A.requestB.attempt
C.promiseD.purpose
提示:本题考查名词。request请求；attempt尝试；promise许诺；purpose目的。从句意看应该选用attempt。
答案:B
短语
1.allowfor
讲：该词组的义项有“顾及；考虑到……”。
例:Thejourneyusuallytakes3weeks,butyoushouldallowfordelayscausedbybadweather.
这趟旅行通常需时三周，但是你应该考虑到恶劣天气所造成的延误。
Hisinexperienceshouldbeallowedfor.
他缺少经验应该被考虑在内。
Allowingforinflation,thecostoftheprojectis＄2million.
考虑到通货膨胀因素，这个项目的费用为200万美元。
链接拓展
(1)allowdoingsth.允许做某事
Wedon’tallowmakingnoisehere,soyoushouldkeepquiet.
这里不允许大声喧哗，请你保持安静。
(2)allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
Thenurseallowedhimtostayinhospitalforanothertwodays.
护士准许他在医院再住两天。
(3)considering考虑到；鉴于
Consideringthestrengthoftheopposition,wedidverywelltoscoretwogoals.
考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。
Johndidquitewellconsideringhowlittlehestudied.
考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已算很不错了。
练:(1)Wecan’tfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime;youmust___________ourlackofexperience.
A.allowtoB.allowfor
C.allowofD.allowinto
提示:句意为:我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成工作；你必须考虑到我们缺乏经验。allowfor考虑到……；allowof容许，容得。B项符合句意。
答案:B
(2)Isupposewe’llhaveto,___________badweatherconditions,spendmorethan500daysundertakingtheconstruction.
A.consideringB.allowedfor
C.includingD.linkedwith
提示:作“考虑到……”讲时，allowfor为动词词组，而considering为介词。本句中“__________badweatherconditions”用作状语，故选A项。
答案:A
(3)Nobodybutdoctorsornursesandthose____________byDrHu__________toenterthepatient’sroom.
A.invited;isallowedB.areinvited;areallowed
C.beinginvited;allowedD.invited;areallowed
提示:第一空需要过去分词作定语，排除B、C项；第二空要考虑主谓一致，本句中的主语是nobody，butdoctorsornursesandthose是状语。故选A项。
答案:A
2.beawareof意识到……；察觉到……
例:I’mwell(quite)awareoftherisk.
我深知那项风险。
Shewas/becameawareofthedanger.
她(终于)觉察到危险。
Hewasawarethathehaddrunktoomuch.
他晓得他喝了太多(酒)。
Fewofthemwereaware(of)whatahypocritehereallywas.
他们之中很少人知道他实际上是个什么样的伪君子。
链接拓展
(1)beawareof后接名词或从句，接从句时，可以省略of。
(2)beaware+that从句意识到……；察觉到……
练:Theyoungcouplewasworried,becauseneitherofthemwasaware___________theyhadlostthenecklace.
A.oftheplaceB.ofwhich
C.whatD.ofwhere
提示:aware的常见结构为:beawareofsth.或beaware(that)，意为“知道，意识到，明白”。如果选A项，在place后应加上where。由于宾语从句中需要地点状语，故选D项。
答案:D
3.afterall
讲：该词组的义项有“毕竟；究竟；归根结底；(解释或说明理由)别忘了；到底”。
例:Soyoumadeitafterall.
你毕竟成功了。
Heshouldhavepaid.Hesuggestedit,afterall.
他本来该付款的。别忘了是他提出来的。
It’snotsurprisingyouaretired.Afterall,youwereupuntilthreelastnight.
难怪你感到疲倦，别忘了，你昨晚3点才睡觉。
链接拓展
含有all的短语:
(1)allinall从各方面考虑；总的来说
Allinallithadbeenagreatsuccess.
总得来说，那是个巨大的成功。
(2)allinone多功能；多用途
(3)andall而且；还；包括
Shejumpedintotheriver,clothesandall.
她连衣服也没脱就跳进河中。
(4)inall总共；总计
(5)notatall一点也(不)；完全(不)；(回答道谢的客套话)不用谢
练:IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIpassed______________.
A.aboveallB.afterall
C.inallD.firstofall
提示:aboveall意为“尤其是、最重要的是”，常用来强调诸多事情中最重要的；afterall意为“毕竟、别忘了”或“终究、终归、到底”，用以提醒或强化被忽略的事实或现象，或表示转折之意；inall的意思是“总共，总计”；firstofall的意思是“首先”，表示要说、要做事情的顺序。
答案:BGodneverhelpsthemanwhowillnotact.天决不佑无行动的人。
句型
1.nowthat...既然……
讲:注意观察下面教材原句:
Nowthatwearedevelopingnewtechnologyatsuchahighpace,thetruechallengeistofindnewwaysofusingit.
句中的nowthat是一个连词词组，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，意思是“既然，由于”，在口语中常省略that，而只用now引导从句，这时不要把now理解为“现在”。
例:Nowthatthekidshavelefthome,we’vegotalotofextraspace.
孩子都离开家了，我们住得宽绰了。
Nowyou’vegrownup,youcandecideityourself.
你已经长大了，你可以自己决定了。
引导原因状语从句的连词比较:
链接提示
(1)because语气较强，表示直接原因；在回答why的问句时，必须用because。
(2)since/as语气较弱，表示明显的原因或已知事实。
练:(1)—_______________youlikethecarsomuch,whynotdriveitback?
—Well,Ican’tafford___________car.
A.If;suchbigaB.Nowthat;thatbiga
C.When;soabigD.Nowthat;thatabig
提示:由题干可知，第一空用nowthat，排除A、C两项；第二空中的that是副词，相当于so，应放在形容词前。故选B项。
答案:B
(2)____________sheisoutofajob,Lucyhasbeenconsideringgoingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.
A.NowthatB.Eventhough
C.NomatterhowD.Exceptthat
提示:句意为:因为Lucy失业了，她一直在考虑返回学校，但到目前为止她还没有决定。
答案:A
2.Sb.besaidtodo...据说……；人们说……
讲:注意观察下面教材原句:
Wearesaidtobelivinginthe“InformationAge”.
据说我们生活在“信息时代”。
例:Heissaidtobeacleverstudent.
据说他是个聪明的学生。
HeissaidtohavegonetotheUnitedStates.
据说他去了美国。
链接提示
(1)在sb.besaidtodo中还可以用sb.besaidtobedoing(据说某人在做……)或sb.besaidtohavedone(据说某人已经做……)。该句型可以改成:Itbesaidthat....
(2)类似句型:
①Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……
②Itisthought/suggestedthat...人们认为……
③Itishopedthat...人们希望……
④Itisreportedthat...据报道……
⑤Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……
练:(1)（2010山东潍坊统考）Thekingissaidto___________bythespiderweavingitswebinthecavewherehewashidinganddefeatedhisenemyatlast.
A.beencouragedB.beingencouraged
C.havebeenencouragedD.haveencouraged
提示:本题考查动词不定式的时态和语态。根据bythespider可知要用被动形式，又由于不定式动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，故选C项。
答案:C
(2)(2010辽宁高考)ItissaidinthebookthatThomasEdison(1847-1931)___________theworldleadinginventorforsixtyyears.
A.wouldbeB.hasbeen
C.hadbeenD.was
提示:从括号中提供的出生和去世的日期可以看出ThomasEdison现在已经去世，排除B项；由于没有时态对比，也不能用过去完成时，排除C项；A项不合题意；故选D项。
答案:D
辨析
1.bemadefrom,bemadeof,bemadein,bemadeinto,bemadeupof
(1)bemadeof/from意为“由……制成”。用以制造的原材料已改变，在制成品中看不出原材料，用from;原料未改变，在制成品中仍看得出原材料，用of。
(2)bemadein指产地，意为“在……制造，由……制造”。
(3)bemadeinto意为“将……制成”。与以上短语不同，它的主语为原材料。
(4)bemadeupof指“由……组成”。
即时练习:
(1)Thesetablearemade____________ourfactory.Theyweremade______________wood.
(2)Woodcanbemade_____________tablesandotherfurniture.
(3)Thiskindofpaperwasmade______________rags.
(4)Chinaismade____________56nations.
(5)Bamboocanbemade_____________manyusefultools.
(6)Thesoilismade__________thedeadleavesofthetreesabove.
答案:(1)in,of(2)into(3)from(4)upof(5)into(6)from
2.tryto,trydoing
tryto意为:试，尝试；试图。内含一种“试图……但并没达到”之意。而trydoing意为“试着做，看有什么样的结果”。
即时练习:
(1)Don’tshoutathim;heisonlytrying_______________(help).
(2)I’mgoingtotry_____________(cook)apaellathisevening.
(3)Itried____________(persuade)himandsucceeded
(4)Itried___________(persuade)himbutinvain.
答案:(1)tohelp(2)cooking(3)persuading(4)topersuade
诱思：实例点拨
(2010北京海淀期末)Therearemanypeople___________onlyon-lineactivityissendingandreceivinge-mail.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose
提示:本题考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，又在从句中作onlyon-lineactivity的定语。
答案:D
(2010浙江高考)We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound___________welikeyet.
A.oneB.onesC.itD.them
提示:one指代上文出现的同一类事物中的一个，复数用ones；而it则指同一事或同一物。
答案:A
(2010全国高考Ⅲ)Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,___________fivearemine.
A.onwhichB.inwhich
C.ofwhichD.fromwhich
提示:本题考查定语从句的用法。fiveofwhich表示“其中的5本”。
答案:C
高考英语一轮复习Unit18
俗话说，居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。作为教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助教师营造一个良好的教学氛围。教案的内容具体要怎样写呢？为此，小编从网络上为大家精心整理了《高考英语一轮复习Unit18》，供大家借鉴和使用，希望大家分享！
2011高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
Unit18
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.settle
讲:v.决定；解决；定居；放置；使安静；栖息
例：Hehassettledtobuyacar.
他决定买车。
Let’ssettlethedateofthenextmeeting.
我们来商定下次集会的日期。
Theproblemhasnotbeensettledyet.
那个问题至今尚未解决。
TheygotmarriedandsettledinLondon.
他们结了婚并在伦敦定居。
Hiswordssettledmyfears.
他的话平息了我的不安。
链接提示
(1)settledown舒适地坐下或躺下；(在某地)定居下来；过安定的生活
(2)settle(down)tosth.开始认真对待；定下心来做
(3)settleforsth.勉强接受
练：(1)Withmanydifficultproblems_________,thepresidentishavingahardtime.
A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled
提示:考查with的复合结构，从下文看，难题还没有解决。故选C。
答案:C
(2)Knowinghowlongthetestwouldlast,thestudentswhofinished_______backandwaiteduntiltheendoftheexam.
A.settleB.settledC.settlingD.tosettle
提示:该题考查句子结构。学生易受思维定势的影响，错选C项，其实whofinished是定语从句，选项作谓语，故选B。句意为:由于知道考试要持续多长时间，那些做完的学生安静地坐着，等待考试结束。
答案:B
2.possession
讲:n.具有；拥有；个人财产；私人物品
例：Thegangwerecaughtinpossessionofstolengoods.
这伙人被逮着，人赃俱获。
Thepossessionofapassportisessentialforforeigntravel.
出国旅行必须持有护照。
Theringisoneofhermosttreasuredpossessions.
这只戒指是她最珍贵的财产之一。
链接提示
(1)takepossessionof占有；占领
(2)comeintothepossessionof被某人占有；落入某人手中
(3)inone’spossession=inthepossessionofsb.由某人所有/控制
练：Itissaidthatthewhitepeoplethencametothisland.They_______oftheland.
A.ownedB.tookpossessionC.seizedD.caught
提示:由空格后的of构成takepossessionof短语，意为“占有，占领”，决定答案只能是B。
答案:B
短语
1.turnto
讲:该短语的义项有“向……(寻求帮助等)；翻到；查阅；转到”。
例：Somefarmershaveturnedtokeepingdeer,andthereareabout4500deerfarmsinthecountry.
某些农场主已经转业养鹿，全国的养鹿场已经达到4500个左右。
Heturnedtomeandsaidhellotome.
他转向我向我问好。
Ifyouareintrouble,pleaseturntome.
如果你有麻烦，请找我。
练：(2010北京海淀期末)Althoughtheteacherdidnotmentionanynames,everybodyknewwhohewas_________.
A.attendingtoB.turningtoC.referringtoD.talkingto
提示:本题考查动词短语辨析。attendto意为“注意；照顾”，turnto意为“求助于”，referto意为“提到；谈到”；talkto意为“同某人交谈”。
答案：C
2.burstout
讲:该短语的义项有“突然迸发；突然出现”。
例：Theyburstoutlaughing/crying.
他们突然大笑(哭)起来。
“Idon’tbelieveit!”burstouttheangrywoman.
“我不相信！”这位生气的妇女突然说道。
链接拓展
(1)burstinto突然闯入；突然开始；突然发生
Heburstintotheroom.
他突然闯进房间。
Sheburstintolaughter/tears.
她突然笑(哭)起来。
Thehallburstintocheerswhenthesingerappeared.当歌手出场时，大厅里爆发出欢呼声。
Theoil-stoveupsetandburstintoflames.
油炉翻倒，立刻燃烧起来。
(2)burstin(on)打扰
ItwasveryrudeofyoutoburstinonFatherwhilehewasworking.
父亲工作期间，你打扰他是不礼貌的。
Stophimburstingin.别让他插嘴。
(3)burston突然出现
Theviewburstonoursight.
那景象突然出现在我们面前。
练：Assoonasshesawherboyfriend,she______tears.
A.burstintoB.brokeout
C.burstoutD.brokein
提示:breakout为不及物动词短语，表示“爆发”；breakin不及物动词短语，“突然闯入”。burstout后跟动名词形式；burstinto后跟名词形式，故选A，burstintotears“突然哭起来”。
答案:A
句型
of+抽象名词
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
NewZealandwineisofhighqualityandissoldallovertheworld.
新西兰的酒质量很好，畅销全世界。
of+抽象名词”可以用作表语、后置定语或补足语，意思是“……的，具有……的”说明性质。作表语时，构成“be+of+抽象名词”，等于“be+该名词的形容词”。
例：Heisamanofability.(=Heisanableman.)
他是一个有能力的人。
Thisstoneisofgreatvalue.(=Thisstoneisveryvaluable.)
这颗宝石很珍贵。
Thismatterisofgreatimportance.(=Thismatterisveryimportant.)
这件事很重要。
练：—WherecanIget________informationaboutalongjourney?
—Nothingisof________thanamap,Ithink.
A.an;greaterhelpB.apieceof;greaterprice
C.some;betterusefulD.some;greatervalue
提示:information是不可数名词，不可使用不定冠词，排除A项；依据“be+of+抽象名词”排除B、C两项。
答案:D
辨析
1.makeup,bemadeupof,makeupfor
(1)makeup的意思比较多，常用的有“化妆；编造；……组成……；占……(比例)，”这时要注意，makeup为主动形式，表示“部分组成一个整体”的意思。另外，takeup也有“占……”的意思，但指的是“某样东西占据空间”。
(2)bemadeupof...由……组成，这里为被动形式，表示“一个整体是由几个部分组成”。
注意比较:consistof也有“……由……组成”的意思，但要使用主动形式。
例：Thisclubconsistsofmorethan200members.
这个俱乐部由200多名会员组成。
比较:Thisclubismadeupofmorethan200members.
(3)makeupfor弥补
即时练习:
(1)Shetookover30minutesto________herself________.
(2)Isshetellingthetruth,or________itall________?
(3)Weneedonemoreplayerto________ateam.
(4)They________aboutsixpercentofthetotalpopulation.
(5)Thecommittee________sevenmembers.
(6)Hedrovefasterto________losttime.
答案:(1)make,up(2)making,up(3)makeup(4)makeup(5)ismadeupof(6)makeupfor
2.dealwith,dowith,dowithout
(1)dowith为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用what引导。含有“处理；处置；对待(不用被动语态)；以……将就(不用被动语态)；放置(常用过去时或完成时态，不用被动语态)；忍受(与cannot连用，不用被动语态)”。
(2)dowithout的意思为“没有……什么也行；将就；用不着”。
(3)dealwith为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用how引导。主要义项有“对付；处理；论及……(和dowith同义，主要区别在于特殊疑问词)；相处；与……交易(不用于被动语态)”。
即时练习:
(1)Yourclothesarewornout.Whatdidyou________them?
(2)Hedidn’tknowwhatto________thepropertyhisfatherhadleft.
(3)Thenewteacherdidn’tknowwhatto________theclass.
(4)Butterwassoexpensivethatwehadto________margarine(人造奶油)inthosedays.
(5)Whathaveyou________papersforthemeeting?
(6)Icannot________theloudnoise.
(7)Wecannot________atelephoneinourbusiness.
(8)Therewasn’tanycoffeeleft,sowehadto________it.
(9)Heknowswellhowto________children.
(10)Ithinktheproblemshouldbe________quickly.
(11)Thisbook________ancienthistoryofChina.
答案:(1)dowith(2)dowith(3)dowith(4)dowith(5)donewith(6)dowith(7)dowithout(8)dowithout(9)dealwith(10)dealtwith(11)dealswith
诱思:实例点拨
(2010江苏模拟)EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand______jokes.
A.turningupB.puttingup
C.makingupD.showingup
提示:turnup出现；露面；putup建立；搭起；makeup编造；组成；showup显现；使显眼。依据句意，选C项。
答案:C
(2010山东模拟)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.
A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedaway
C.arewashingD.arebeingwashedaway
提示:依据with的复合结构判断，森林正在被毁，大量的好土正在被冲走。所以用现在进行时的被动语态。当quantity修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词的单复数与quantity的单复数保持一致，试比较:Alargequantityofwateriswastedeveryday.Largequantitiesofwaterarewastedeveryday.
答案:D
讲评:本题考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。
(2010全国模拟Ⅰ)Thechairmanthought______necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
提示:本题考查it作形式宾语的用法，真正的宾语是toinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting。it的这种用法常用在动词find,believe,hate,like,think等之后，it后的形容词或名词作宾语补足语。
答案:B
讲评:it在固定句型中的用法是模拟考查的热点之一，平时应注意总结掌握。
(2010全国模拟Ⅱ)ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but______didn’thelp.
A.itB.sheC.whichD.he
提示:本题考查替代词的用法，由上文可知，空格处不指人，而是指上文的语意，排除B、D两项；由题干中表示转折的词but可知，该句不是非限制性定语从句，排除C项。A项中的it指代上文叙述的内容。
答案:A
讲评:解本题时，既要了解it的基本用法，又要正确分析句子结构。
Unit18NewZealand知识点例析
一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性，作为教师就要好好准备好一份教案课件。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，让教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗？经过搜索和整理，小编为大家呈现“Unit18NewZealand知识点例析”，欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧！
Unit18NewZealand知识点例析
知识点例析
例1______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
（2000年全国高考试题）
A．AsB．ForC．WithD．Through
解析production之后为up，它是一个副词，for不能位于句首且常引导原因状语从句，A、D不适合于“介词+宾语+副词”作宾补这一结构。with+名词+副词称作with结构，也称作独立主格结构，在句中作状语。
答案C
例2Englandhasamild___.Look!The_____todayisjustasniceasyouexpect.
A．weather,weatherB．climate,weather
C．weather,climateD．climate,climate
解析本句的意思是英国的气候温和。今天的天气就像你期望的那么好。Climate表示气候,weather表示天气。两者的含义是不同的。
答案B
例3Theclotheswhich______withthefamousplayer’snamesellwellallthroughtheyear.
A．markB．aremarkingC．markedD．aremarked
解析which引导的定语从句，which代替clothes，即“Theclothesaremarkedwiththe…”，答案D
例4Gilbert______electricity,butEdison______thelightbulb.
A．discovered;foundB．discovered;invented
C．invented;discoveredD．uncovered;invented
解析“electricity”本来就存在，应用discover表示发现。“爱迪生发明灯泡”，灯泡本来不存在，是后来发明创造的。
答案B
例5Hegaveup______ofthehouse.
A．thepossessionB．possessions
C．possession D．apossession
解析这里的句型giveuppossessionofsth.表示放弃对某物的所有权。possession应该使用原形，不加任何的修饰语。与inpossessionof,takepossessionof一样。
答案C
例6—Doestheyoungmanstandingthere______thecompany?
—No.Thecompanyis______hisfather.
A．inpossessionof;inthepossessionof
B．havepossessionof;inthepossessionof
C．takepossessionof;inpossessionof
D．havepossessionof;inpossessionof
解析take/havepossessionofsth.占有某物，beinthepossessionofsb.某物在某人的控制之下。答案B
例7Theeconomyhasincreasedbysevenpercent______lastyear.
A．inarelationtoB．inrelationto
C．intherelationtoD．inrelationsto
解析inrelationto…是“就……而论”，这里是相对于去年，今年的经济增长了百分之七。
答案B
例8Ourhead-officecanputyouin______withabranchinyourarea.
A．touchB．relationC．connectionD．friendship
解析句意为“我们的办公室负责人能给你联系上你这个地区的一个部门”，intouchwith指“同……联系”；而relation后的介词应用“to”，inconnectionwith不符合句意。
答案A
例9WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar______hedied?
A．thatB．whileC．inwhichD．then
解析这句话是强调句型，其构成为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who…这里强调的是theSecondWorldWar状语部分，后面用that引导，如果强调的是人，一般就用who引导。
答案A
例10Whentheoldmangothome,hefoundhiswindowopen,buthedidn’tfindany______ofbeingstolen.
A．sightB．signC．sceneD．notice
解析后一句句意为“……但他没有发现被偷的迹象”，sightn.视力，视觉；scenen.事发地点，场面；布景；noticen.通告，它们都与句意不符合，只B项sign作名词讲有“迹象”“标记”之意，
答案B
例11Theprofessor______atthemeetingwillgiveusalecturenextweek.
A．referredB．referredtoC．referringD．referringto
解析主语是theprofessor，谓语是willgive，referto作后置定语修饰professor，而referto与professor是动宾关系，故用refer的过去分词形式。
答案B
选题思路：本素材是挑选出考查本单元语言点的选择题进行例题解析，通过对具体例题的A,B.C.D四个选项所涉及的所有知识点作详细的解说点拨，使学生进一步掌握和巩固好本单元的语言点，提高他们的学习能力。
误点批答
例1我们不能在下午8点钟之前赶到那里。
误：We’reimpossibletobetherebefore8:00p.m.
正：It’simpossibleforustobetherebefore8:00p.m.
精析possible或impossible作表语时，其主语不能是人，而要用itispossible/impossibleforsb.todosth.这一句型。
例2这个问题很难回答。
误：Thisquestionisdifficulttobeanswered.
正：Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.
正：Itisdifficulttoanswerthisquestion.
精析形容词difficult,easy,heavy后面要接不定式的主语动态。如：
Theplaceiseasytoreach.那个地方容易到达。
例3黄浦江两岸有许多高楼大厦。
误：TherearemanyhighbuildingsalongthecoastsoftheHuangpuRiver.
正：TherearemanyhighbuildingsalongthebanksoftheHuangpuRiver.
精析汉语中的“岸”，英语中有bank,beach,coast和shore四种说法。bank专指“河岸”；beach指“海岸”，尤指供人们游泳的海边浴场的“沙滩”；coast指边界的“海岸地区”；shore指紧靠江河湖海岸边的“陆地”。
例4因为下大雨，他只好呆在家里。
误：Hehadtostayathomebecausetheheavyrain.
正：Hehadtostayathomebecauseoftheheavyrain.
正：Hehadtostayathomebecauseitrainedheavily.
精析becauseof和because都作“由于、因为”解，但前者是复合介词，后接名词（短语）、动名词或代词作状语，不能接从句；而后者是从属连词，后接从句。
例5这种人很难相处。
误：Thiskindofmenaredifficulttogetalongwith.
正：Thiskindofmenisdifficulttogetalongwith.
精析“kind(s)/from(s)/type(s)of＋”名词（单数或复数）”结构作主语时，谓语的单复数由kind,form,type的单复数而定。
例6一个工程师是男是女那有很大关系吗？
误：Doesthatmatterifanengineerisamanorawoman?
正：Doesitmatterifanengineerisamanorawoman?
精析虽然口语中有时出现“Doesthatmatter?”之类的句子，但一般说来多用it充当matter的主语，尤其后接whether或if从句。如：
Does______matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?
A．thisB．thatC．heD．it
最佳答案为D。
摘自：《读想用》
选题思路：本素材是依据本单元出现的语言点进行正误例题解析，通过学生日常学习中对本单元语言点的误用作详细的解说点拨。使学生对英语学习中常常出现语法错误进行更深的理解，从而进一步巩固所学得知识。
高考英语单元知识点复习Unit18
一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划，作为教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，帮助教师能够更轻松的上课教学。教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？以下是小编为大家收集的“高考英语单元知识点复习Unit18”欢迎阅读，希望您能阅读并收藏。
Unit18
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.remain
讲：v.剩下；停留
linkv.一直保持；仍然(后接名词、形容词、分词或介词短语作表语)
例:Ifyoutake4from10,6remains.
10减去4，还余6。
Howlongwillyouremain(=stay)here?
你能在这里停多久？
Howcanweremainsilentonthisquestion?
对于这个问题我们怎么能保持沉默呢？
链接提示
可以用作连系动词的行为动词:
(1)表示感觉的动词
feel摸起来，感觉；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来
(2)表示进入某种状态或存在某种状态的动词
appear似乎；become变成；come变得；fall变成；get变得；go变得；grow变得；keep保持；prove证实；remain保持；seem好像；
stay保持；turn变得
练:（2010上海春季模拟）Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain______________astheplanewasmakingalanding.
A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
提示:单从结构上讲，remain后可用现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式作表语，但是seat应该用seated作表语，如:Pleasebeseated.(=Pleaseseatyourself.=Sitdown,please.)故选C项。
答案:C
2.similar
讲：adj.相似的；类似的
similarlyadv.相似地；类似地；同样；也
例:MywifeandIhavesimilartastesinmusic.
我和妻子有共同的音乐爱好。
Thetwobrotherslooksimilar.
这兄弟俩长得很像。
Thetwohousesaresimilarinsize.
两座房子大小差不多。
Husbandandwifeweresimilarlysuccessfulintheirchosencareers.
夫妻俩在各自选择的事业上都很成功。
链接提示
(1)besimilarto...in...在……方面与……有相似之处
Thetwowordsaresimilartoeachotherinmeaning.
这两个词在意思上有相似之处。
(2)similarityn.相似性；相像性；相似点；相像处
Shebearsastrikingsimilaritytohermother.
她跟她母亲十分相像。
Thereissomesimilarityinthewaytheysing.
他们的演唱风格有点像。
练:(1)Ourbodyarestrengthenedbytakingexercises.__________,ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning.
A.ProbablyB.LikelyC.GenerallyD.Similarly
提示:本题考查在语境中选词的能力。probably意为“大概”；likely是形容词，意为“可能的”，用在此句不妥；generally意为“一般地”；similarly意为“同样地，类似地”。根据语意和词义，D项为正确答案。
答案:D
(2)Mytrainwas20minuteslateinthemorningandtherewasa(n)_____________delayintheevening.
A.sameB.alikeC.similarD.equal
提示:句意为:我乘坐的火早上晚点20分钟，晚上差不多也晚点这么长时间。
答案:C
(3)Thetwophrasesaresimilar______________structurebutdifferent_______meaning.
A.in;inB.to;toC.in;fromD.with;from
提示:句意为:这两个短语结构相似，但意义不同。besimilarin...在……相似；besimilarto...与……相似；bedifferentin...在……不同；bedifferentfrom...与……不同。
答案:A
3.attempt
讲：n.努力、尝试、企图、未遂行为
v.尝试；试图；试图征服(危险的山、海等)
例:Theymadenoattemptatescaping.
他们没有试图逃走。
HemadeanattempttoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.
他试图渡过英吉利海峡。
Theydecreasedtheirproductioninanattempttopushtheprices.
他们减少生产量，以试图抬高价格。
Theyattemptedasurpriseattack.
他们企图偷袭。
Theprisonersattemptedtoescape,butfailed.
那些囚犯试图逃走，但失败了。
Heattemptedbreakingtheworldrecord.
他试图打破世界记录。
链接提示
(1)attempttodo/doingsth.企图做某事
attempttodosth.暗含不成功之意；trytodosth.“尽力做某事”，结果有可能成功也有可能失败；managetodosth.“设法做到”，结果一定是成功的
(2)makeanattempttodo/doingsth.试图做某事
(3)attemptedadj.未遂的；意图的
anattemptedmurder/suicide杀人未遂/自杀未遂
练:(1)（2010江苏模拟）Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe____________murderlastnight.
A.advisedB.attended
C.attemptedD.admitted
提示:句意为:一个男子正在被询问昨天晚上的杀人未遂案。attempted与句意相符。
答案:C
(2)TomhasbeenpreparingcarefullyfortheEnglishexamination,sothathecanbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________________.
A.requestB.attempt
C.promiseD.purpose
提示:本题考查名词。request请求；attempt尝试；promise许诺；purpose目的。从句意看应该选用attempt。
答案:B
短语
1.allowfor
讲：该词组的义项有“顾及；考虑到……”。
例:Thejourneyusuallytakes3weeks,butyoushouldallowfordelayscausedbybadweather.
这趟旅行通常需时三周，但是你应该考虑到恶劣天气所造成的延误。
Hisinexperienceshouldbeallowedfor.
他缺少经验应该被考虑在内。
Allowingforinflation,thecostoftheprojectis＄2million.
考虑到通货膨胀因素，这个项目的费用为200万美元。
链接拓展
(1)allowdoingsth.允许做某事
Wedon’tallowmakingnoisehere,soyoushouldkeepquiet.
这里不允许大声喧哗，请你保持安静。
(2)allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
Thenurseallowedhimtostayinhospitalforanothertwodays.
护士准许他在医院再住两天。
(3)considering考虑到；鉴于
Consideringthestrengthoftheopposition,wedidverywelltoscoretwogoals.
考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。
Johndidquitewellconsideringhowlittlehestudied.
考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已算很不错了。
练:(1)Wecan’tfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime;youmust___________ourlackofexperience.
A.allowtoB.allowfor
C.allowofD.allowinto
提示:句意为:我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成工作；你必须考虑到我们缺乏经验。allowfor考虑到……；allowof容许，容得。B项符合句意。
答案:B
(2)Isupposewe’llhaveto,___________badweatherconditions,spendmorethan500daysundertakingtheconstruction.
A.consideringB.allowedfor
C.includingD.linkedwith
提示:作“考虑到……”讲时，allowfor为动词词组，而considering为介词。本句中“__________badweatherconditions”用作状语，故选A项。
答案:A
(3)Nobodybutdoctorsornursesandthose____________byDrHu__________toenterthepatient’sroom.
A.invited;isallowedB.areinvited;areallowed
C.beinginvited;allowedD.invited;areallowed
提示:第一空需要过去分词作定语，排除B、C项；第二空要考虑主谓一致，本句中的主语是nobody，butdoctorsornursesandthose是状语。故选A项。
答案:A
2.beawareof意识到……；察觉到……
例:I’mwell(quite)awareoftherisk.
我深知那项风险。
Shewas/becameawareofthedanger.
她(终于)觉察到危险。
Hewasawarethathehaddrunktoomuch.
他晓得他喝了太多(酒)。
Fewofthemwereaware(of)whatahypocritehereallywas.
他们之中很少人知道他实际上是个什么样的伪君子。
链接拓展
(1)beawareof后接名词或从句，接从句时，可以省略of。
(2)beaware+that从句意识到……；察觉到……
练:Theyoungcouplewasworried,becauseneitherofthemwasaware___________theyhadlostthenecklace.
A.oftheplaceB.ofwhich
C.whatD.ofwhere
提示:aware的常见结构为:beawareofsth.或beaware(that)，意为“知道，意识到，明白”。如果选A项，在place后应加上where。由于宾语从句中需要地点状语，故选D项。
答案:D
3.afterall
讲：该词组的义项有“毕竟；究竟；归根结底；(解释或说明理由)别忘了；到底”。
例:Soyoumadeitafterall.
你毕竟成功了。
Heshouldhavepaid.Hesuggestedit,afterall.
他本来该付款的。别忘了是他提出来的。
It’snotsurprisingyouaretired.Afterall,youwereupuntilthreelastnight.
难怪你感到疲倦，别忘了，你昨晚3点才睡觉。
链接拓展
含有all的短语:
(1)allinall从各方面考虑；总的来说
Allinallithadbeenagreatsuccess.
总得来说，那是个巨大的成功。
(2)allinone多功能；多用途
(3)andall而且；还；包括
Shejumpedintotheriver,clothesandall.
她连衣服也没脱就跳进河中。
(4)inall总共；总计
(5)notatall一点也(不)；完全(不)；(回答道谢的客套话)不用谢
练:IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIpassed______________.
A.aboveallB.afterall
C.inallD.firstofall
提示:aboveall意为“尤其是、最重要的是”，常用来强调诸多事情中最重要的；afterall意为“毕竟、别忘了”或“终究、终归、到底”，用以提醒或强化被忽略的事实或现象，或表示转折之意；inall的意思是“总共，总计”；firstofall的意思是“首先”，表示要说、要做事情的顺序。
答案:BGodneverhelpsthemanwhowillnotact.天决不佑无行动的人。
句型
1.nowthat...既然……
讲:注意观察下面教材原句:
Nowthatwearedevelopingnewtechnologyatsuchahighpace,thetruechallengeistofindnewwaysofusingit.
句中的nowthat是一个连词词组，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，意思是“既然，由于”，在口语中常省略that，而只用now引导从句，这时不要把now理解为“现在”。
例:Nowthatthekidshavelefthome,we’vegotalotofextraspace.
孩子都离开家了，我们住得宽绰了。
Nowyou’vegrownup,youcandecideityourself.
你已经长大了，你可以自己决定了。
引导原因状语从句的连词比较:
链接提示
(1)because语气较强，表示直接原因；在回答why的问句时，必须用because。
(2)since/as语气较弱，表示明显的原因或已知事实。
练:(1)—_______________youlikethecarsomuch,whynotdriveitback?
—Well,Ican’tafford___________car.
A.If;suchbigaB.Nowthat;thatbiga
C.When;soabigD.Nowthat;thatabig
提示:由题干可知，第一空用nowthat，排除A、C两项；第二空中的that是副词，相当于so，应放在形容词前。故选B项。
答案:B
(2)____________sheisoutofajob,Lucyhasbeenconsideringgoingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.
A.NowthatB.Eventhough
C.NomatterhowD.Exceptthat
提示:句意为:因为Lucy失业了，她一直在考虑返回学校，但到目前为止她还没有决定。
答案:A
2.Sb.besaidtodo...据说……；人们说……
讲:注意观察下面教材原句:
Wearesaidtobelivinginthe“InformationAge”.
据说我们生活在“信息时代”。
例:Heissaidtobeacleverstudent.
据说他是个聪明的学生。
HeissaidtohavegonetotheUnitedStates.
据说他去了美国。
链接提示
(1)在sb.besaidtodo中还可以用sb.besaidtobedoing(据说某人在做……)或sb.besaidtohavedone(据说某人已经做……)。该句型可以改成:Itbesaidthat....
(2)类似句型:
①Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……
②Itisthought/suggestedthat...人们认为……
③Itishopedthat...人们希望……
④Itisreportedthat...据报道……
⑤Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……
练:(1)（2010山东潍坊统考）Thekingissaidto___________bythespiderweavingitswebinthecavewherehewashidinganddefeatedhisenemyatlast.
A.beencouragedB.beingencouraged
C.havebeenencouragedD.haveencouraged
提示:本题考查动词不定式的时态和语态。根据bythespider可知要用被动形式，又由于不定式动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，故选C项。
答案:C
(2)(2010辽宁模拟)ItissaidinthebookthatThomasEdison(1847-1931)___________theworldleadinginventorforsixtyyears.
A.wouldbeB.hasbeen
C.hadbeenD.was
提示:从括号中提供的出生和去世的日期可以看出ThomasEdison现在已经去世，排除B项；由于没有时态对比，也不能用过去完成时，排除C项；A项不合题意；故选D项。
答案:D
辨析
1.bemadefrom,bemadeof,bemadein,bemadeinto,bemadeupof
(1)bemadeof/from意为“由……制成”。用以制造的原材料已改变，在制成品中看不出原材料，用from;原料未改变，在制成品中仍看得出原材料，用of。
(2)bemadein指产地，意为“在……制造，由……制造”。
(3)bemadeinto意为“将……制成”。与以上短语不同，它的主语为原材料。
(4)bemadeupof指“由……组成”。
即时练习:
(1)Thesetablearemade____________ourfactory.Theyweremade______________wood.
(2)Woodcanbemade_____________tablesandotherfurniture.
(3)Thiskindofpaperwasmade______________rags.
(4)Chinaismade____________56nations.
(5)Bamboocanbemade_____________manyusefultools.
(6)Thesoilismade__________thedeadleavesofthetreesabove.
答案:(1)in,of(2)into(3)from(4)upof(5)into(6)from
2.tryto,trydoing
tryto意为:试，尝试；试图。内含一种“试图……但并没达到”之意。而trydoing意为“试着做，看有什么样的结果”。
即时练习:
(1)Don’tshoutathim;heisonlytrying_______________(help).
(2)I’mgoingtotry_____________(cook)apaellathisevening.
(3)Itried____________(persuade)himandsucceeded
(4)Itried___________(persuade)himbutinvain.
答案:(1)tohelp(2)cooking(3)persuading(4)topersuade
诱思：实例点拨
(2010北京海淀期末)Therearemanypeople___________onlyon-lineactivityissendingandreceivinge-mail.
A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose
提示:本题考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，又在从句中作onlyon-lineactivity的定语。
答案:D
(2010浙江模拟)We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound___________welikeyet.
A.oneB.onesC.itD.them
提示:one指代上文出现的同一类事物中的一个，复数用ones；而it则指同一事或同一物。
答案:A
(2010全国模拟Ⅲ)Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,___________fivearemine.
A.onwhichB.inwhich
C.ofwhichD.fromwhich
提示:本题考查定语从句的用法。fiveofwhich表示“其中的5本”。
答案:C
