高三英语教案：《名词性从句复习》教学设计。

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本文题目：高三英语复习教案：名词性从句复习

【备考策略】

一、概念

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的 呼应等

Who will win the match is still unknown.

I want to know what he has told you.

The fact is that we have lost the game.

The news that we won the game is exciting.

2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

从属连词： that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分

连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever. (作主、宾、表、补)

连接副词:

when, where, how, why, however, wherever(状)

主语从句的用法

一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可

以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在

句末,句首则用形式主语it。

1.That the earth is round is true.

= It is true that the earth is round

2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.

= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.

注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句)

When he will go to America is not yet fixed.

(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)

Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.

Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.

3.常见的it作形式主语的结构

1)It is a fact that he won the match.

2)It is necessary that we do study the English.

3)It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.

4)It seemed that he would come here

基本句型结构 常用词语

It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/

good news/…that…

It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is necessary/strange/important/

possible/likely/…that…这类主语从

句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said/reported/decided/known/

…that…

It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesn’t

matter/has turned out/…that

二、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:

? It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

? It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

? It is in the morning that the murder took place.

? It is John that broke the window.

宾语从句的用法

句子结构：

主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句

1.We believe (that) he is honest.

2.Do you know what he said just now?

3.I don’t remember when we arrived

4.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

5.we should think of how we can do more for others

在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。

I don’t believe he will go.

We don’t expect he is coming.

I don’t think he can do it, can he?

You /They don’t think he can do it ,do they?

在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

I think it a pity to waste the food

表语从句的用法

在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

That’s what we should do.

That’s why I want to see you.

The reason for my absence was that I was ill.

1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句：

My suggestion is that we should go shopping.

It seems that it is going to rain

2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It was because I got up late.

3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:

The trouble is (that) he is ill

注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.

同位语从句的用法

在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion,truth , hope , problem, information, belief, doubt, question dream advice, proof decision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.

1.The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.

2.I have no idea when they will go.

3.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.

名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.

同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：

The story goes that William Tell killed

the king with an arrow.

Word came that their team had won

九大热点问题

1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1).The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.

2).The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.

3).The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.

4).The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical

同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处

从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步

说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、

限定前面的名词(相当于一个定语)。

e.g. The news that our team has won the final match

is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。)

The news that you told us is really encouraging.

(从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)

引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。

e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分)

2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.

(that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。)

Choose the best answer

2.语序问题(名词性从句用陈述语序)

3.whetherif的区别

? I. Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow.

? II. It all depends on whether the sky will clear up.

? III. The question is whether the film is well worth seeing.

? IV. Can you tell me whether or not the train has left?

? V. Whether it is true remains a problem.

? VI. He doesn’t know whether to stay.

? A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后

? B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后

? C.引导主语从句，放句首

? D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句

? E. 可与or not 直接连用

4.Whatthat的区别(在名词性从句中)

? I. I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.

? II. His mother is satisfied with what he has done.

? III. That he was able to come made us happy.

? IV. This is what makes us interested.

? V. The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before.

?

? ? 所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语 ? 汉语意义 ? 能否省略

? What ? 缺? ? 什么;所……的

? 东西、事情? ? 否?

? that ? 不缺? ? 无意义? ? 宾语从句中能省略

?

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况

1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略;I think ,he said,that Tom will come.

(B)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省;

(C)当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉(很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but ,beside ,in 后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用 which， if连接)如：

Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.

6.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。

一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。

7.Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。

Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。

8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别。

介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：

It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

9疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。

①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：

Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.

You can choose whatever you like in the shop.

②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：

Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,

Whatever you do, you must do it well.

③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well.

No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.

w考点解析

【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。

that 引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词;而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=all that或sth. that

1.The mountain is no longer ____ it used to be.

A. which B. that C. what D. as

2.There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that B. which C. until D. if

3.The thought of going back home was _____kept him happy while he was working abroad.

A.that B.all that C.all what D.which

4.You can only be sure of_____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future. [2007 安徽卷]

A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that

Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。

【考点2】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。

If 在名从中可以用在：

1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句

2. 当与or not分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.

Whether所有名从都可以

1 _____ the flight to New York will be delayed is ____ I’m especially worried about.

A. If ; what B. Whether ; that C. When ; that D. Whether ; what

【考点3】“(should) + do”

在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:

(1) It is necessary, (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...

(2) It is suggested,(requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...

(3)一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三建议(suggest，advise，propose)、四要求(demand，desire, require，request)。

(4) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表 “建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) + do”。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.

1. I advised that he _____ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _____ quite well then.

A. be sent; was feeling B. was sent; sent

C. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel

【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。

Eg. They are teachers and don’t realize ______ to start and run a company.

A. what takes it B. what they take C. what takes them D. what it takes

【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从;no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how只能引导让步主语从句。

⑦ —Have a nice trip! — Thanks. I’ll telephone you from _____ I get to by tomorrow evening.

A. wherever B. every place C. whenever D. no matter where

【考点6】that的用法

1.that 引导从句小结

1.A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

2.Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

3.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

4.It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters.

A. that B. what C. which D. this

5.His plan was such a good one _________ we all agreed to accept it.

A. so B.what C. that D. as

6 ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What / because B. What / that C. That / what D. That / because

2.that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。

如：She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.

3.介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。

The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

4. 定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。

定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与 which 互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分;而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。

例如：The football star Henry expressed the hope that he would come to visit China again in 2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容;

The hope the football star Henry expressed is that he would come to visit China again in 2008. 定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。

1. …It's thirty years since we last met.

…But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

2. I still remember the big names in the stories ____ my mother told me when I was young. A. when B. that C. what D. where

五年高考

A组 2012年全国高考题组

1.【2012浙江卷,4】 I made a promise to myself______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

A. whether B. what C. that D. how

【考点】名词性从句—同位语从句

【答案】C

【解析】that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。

2.【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.

A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever

【考点】连词用法。

【答案】C

【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项

3.【2012四川卷,17】 Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.

A. when B. how C. that D. whether

【答案】 B

【考点】本题考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。

4.【2012江西卷,25】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

A.whether B.where C.which D.that

【答案】D

【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。

【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

5.【2012江苏卷,27】 The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.

A. when B. that C. whether D. how

【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。

6.【2012安徽卷,27】The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but

he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

A. where B. whether C. that D. why

【答案】B

【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.

【考点】考查名词性从句。

7.【2012全国新课程,24】 It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.

A. how B. which

C. that D. what

【答案】D

【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

8.【2012山东卷,25】 It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how B. whether

C. what D. why

【答案】B

【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

9.【2012福建卷,35】We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

【考点】本句考查连词的辨析

【答案】C

【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。

B组 2008-2011年全国高考题组

1.【2011北京卷 22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom

【答案】B

【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。

【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。

2.【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.

A. what B. if C. how D. that

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。

【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。

3.【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.

A. that B. when C. where D. why

【答案】D

【考点】考查表语从句。

【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。

4.【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

【答案】C

【考点】考察宾语从句和主语从句。

【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。

5.【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

A. that B. how C. when D. why

【答案】A

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。

6.【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.

A. that B. how C. who D. what

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分;how作方式状语;who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。

7.【10浙江】—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?

—OK, you want.

A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever

【答案】C

【考点】本题考查引导词。

【解析】句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的?” “好啊, 按你的意思吧!”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。

8.【10浙江】It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A. that B. what C. how D. whether

【答案】B

【考点】本题考查主语从句的引导词。

【解析】根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what, 形容词 “什么样的”, 起修饰作用。

9.【09浙江】-Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?

-No problem.

A. When B. that C. whether D. what

【答案】B

【考点】考查同位语从句。

【解析】——你能到机场接我吗?——没问题。答案B。

10.【09重庆】We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整, 因此用that引导。答案A。

11.【08浙江】Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.

A. what B. that C. which D. one

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】句中的from缺少宾语, what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak的宾语。

12.【08福建】 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

【答案】B

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】分析题干结构 “ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。

三年模拟

A组 2012年全国模拟题组

1.(2012届浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)It was the training _______ he had at school _______ made him good jumper.

A.what;what B.that;that

C.what;that D.that;had

2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学2012届高三第一次月考试题,29)Was it in the garden______ we used to work in______ the famous actors and actresses had a picnic?

A. t hat; where B. which; that C. where; that D. which; where

3.(浙江省慈溪中学2012届高三10月月考,18)An advertisement is useful in _______ it lets customers know of the kinds of goods in the shops.

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学2012届高三12月月考,7)The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, ________ they have the interest.

A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if

5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中2012届高三下学期入学考试,11)______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.

A. It B. That C. Such D. What

6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学2012届高三上学期第三次月考,17) I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind.

A. That, what B. That, why C. What, what D. What, why

7.(浙江省杭州市2012届高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)

—Next time you are in New York, cam and visit us, will you?

—I’d like to see you convenient.

A.whatever B.wherever C.however D.whenever

8.(浙江省六校联盟2012届高三第一次联考,9)The national spirits like brave hearts showed in the film The Flowers of War are ______ deeply moved the audience.

A. which B. that C. what D. who[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]

9.(浙江省宁波市2012届高三上学期期末试题,3)

—Have you finished the book?

—NO. I've read up to _______ the children discover the secret cave.

A. where B. what C. that D. which

10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区2012届高三高考适应性考试(3月),15)

--What’s your idea?[

--My opinion is _________happens, we should not stop the reform.

A. when; what B. that; when C. that; whatever D. when ; what

11.(浙江省瑞安中学2012届高三上学期期末试题,10)

---- When did the couple die?

---- It was on May 12 _______ the earthquake hit Wenchuan County.

A. that B. which C. when D. what

12.(浙江省余姚中学2012届高三第一次质检,7)

—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?

—No, that’s _____ they are mistaken.

A. where B. when C. in which D. what

B组 2010-2011年全国模拟题组

1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)A reward of

高三英语教案：《名词性从句复习》教学设计。

古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。高中教师要准备好教案，这是高中教师需要精心准备的。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，让高中教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。你知道如何去写好一份优秀的高中教案呢？小编经过搜集和处理，为您提供高三英语教案：《名词性从句复习》教学设计，欢迎您阅读和收藏，并分享给身边的朋友！

本文题目：高三英语复习教案：名词性从句复习

【备考策略】

一、概念

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的 呼应等

Who will win the match is still unknown.

I want to know what he has told you.

The fact is that we have lost the game.

The news that we won the game is exciting.

2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

从属连词： that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分

连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever. (作主、宾、表、补)

连接副词:

when, where, how, why, however, wherever(状)

主语从句的用法

一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可

以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在

句末,句首则用形式主语it。

1.That the earth is round is true.

= It is true that the earth is round

2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.

= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.

注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句)

When he will go to America is not yet fixed.

(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)

Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.

Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.

3.常见的it作形式主语的结构

1)It is a fact that he won the match.

2)It is necessary that we do study the English.

3)It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.

4)It seemed that he would come here

基本句型结构 常用词语

It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/

good news/…that…

It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is necessary/strange/important/

possible/likely/…that…这类主语从

句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said/reported/decided/known/

…that…

It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesn’t

matter/has turned out/…that

二、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:

? It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

? It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

? It is in the morning that the murder took place.

? It is John that broke the window.

宾语从句的用法

句子结构：

主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句

1.We believe (that) he is honest.

2.Do you know what he said just now?

3.I don’t remember when we arrived

4.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

5.we should think of how we can do more for others

在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。

I don’t believe he will go.

We don’t expect he is coming.

I don’t think he can do it, can he?

You /They don’t think he can do it ,do they?

在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

I think it a pity to waste the food

表语从句的用法

在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

That’s what we should do.

That’s why I want to see you.

The reason for my absence was that I was ill.

1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句：

My suggestion is that we should go shopping.

It seems that it is going to rain

2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It was because I got up late.

3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:

The trouble is (that) he is ill

注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.

同位语从句的用法

在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion,truth , hope , problem, information, belief, doubt, question dream advice, proof decision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.

1.The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.

2.I have no idea when they will go.

3.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.

名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.

同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：

The story goes that William Tell killed

the king with an arrow.

Word came that their team had won

九大热点问题

1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1).The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.

2).The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.

3).The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.

4).The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical

同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处

从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步

说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、

限定前面的名词(相当于一个定语)。

e.g. The news that our team has won the final match

is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。)

The news that you told us is really encouraging.

(从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)

引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。

e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分)

2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.

(that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。)

Choose the best answer

2.语序问题(名词性从句用陈述语序)

3.whetherif的区别

? I. Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow.

? II. It all depends on whether the sky will clear up.

? III. The question is whether the film is well worth seeing.

? IV. Can you tell me whether or not the train has left?

? V. Whether it is true remains a problem.

? VI. He doesn’t know whether to stay.

? A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后

? B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后

? C.引导主语从句，放句首

? D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句

? E. 可与or not 直接连用

4.Whatthat的区别(在名词性从句中)

? I. I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.

? II. His mother is satisfied with what he has done.

? III. That he was able to come made us happy.

? IV. This is what makes us interested.

? V. The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before.

?

? ? 所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语 ? 汉语意义 ? 能否省略

? What ? 缺? ? 什么;所……的

? 东西、事情? ? 否?

? that ? 不缺? ? 无意义? ? 宾语从句中能省略

?

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况

1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略;I think ,he said,that Tom will come.

(B)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省;

(C)当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉(很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but ,beside ,in 后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用 which， if连接)如：

Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.

6.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。

一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。

7.Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。

Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。

8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别。

介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：

It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

9疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。

①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：

Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.

You can choose whatever you like in the shop.

②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：

Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,

Whatever you do, you must do it well.

③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well.

No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.

w考点解析

【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。

that 引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词;而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=all that或sth. that

1.The mountain is no longer ____ it used to be.

A. which B. that C. what D. as

2.There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that B. which C. until D. if

3.The thought of going back home was _____kept him happy while he was working abroad.

A.that B.all that C.all what D.which

4.You can only be sure of_____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future. [2007 安徽卷]

A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that

Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。

【考点2】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。

If 在名从中可以用在：

1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句

2. 当与or not分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.

Whether所有名从都可以

1 _____ the flight to New York will be delayed is ____ I’m especially worried about.

A. If ; what B. Whether ; that C. When ; that D. Whether ; what

【考点3】“(should) + do”

在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:

(1) It is necessary, (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...

(2) It is suggested,(requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...

(3)一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三建议(suggest，advise，propose)、四要求(demand，desire, require，request)。

(4) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表 “建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) + do”。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.

1. I advised that he _____ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _____ quite well then.

A. be sent; was feeling B. was sent; sent

C. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel

【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。

Eg. They are teachers and don’t realize ______ to start and run a company.

A. what takes it B. what they take C. what takes them D. what it takes

【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从;no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how只能引导让步主语从句。

⑦ —Have a nice trip! — Thanks. I’ll telephone you from _____ I get to by tomorrow evening.

A. wherever B. every place C. whenever D. no matter where

【考点6】that的用法

1.that 引导从句小结

1.A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

2.Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

3.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

4.It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters.

A. that B. what C. which D. this

5.His plan was such a good one _________ we all agreed to accept it.

A. so B.what C. that D. as

6 ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What / because B. What / that C. That / what D. That / because

2.that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。

如：She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.

3.介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。

The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

4. 定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。

定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与 which 互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分;而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。

例如：The football star Henry expressed the hope that he would come to visit China again in 2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容;

The hope the football star Henry expressed is that he would come to visit China again in 2008. 定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。

1. …It's thirty years since we last met.

…But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

2. I still remember the big names in the stories ____ my mother told me when I was young. A. when B. that C. what D. where

五年高考

A组 2012年全国高考题组

1.【2012浙江卷,4】 I made a promise to myself______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

A. whether B. what C. that D. how

【考点】名词性从句—同位语从句

【答案】C

【解析】that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。

2.【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.

A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever

【考点】连词用法。

【答案】C

【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项

3.【2012四川卷,17】 Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.

A. when B. how C. that D. whether

【答案】 B

【考点】本题考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。

4.【2012江西卷,25】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

A.whether B.where C.which D.that

【答案】D

【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。

【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

5.【2012江苏卷,27】 The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.

A. when B. that C. whether D. how

【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。

6.【2012安徽卷,27】The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but

he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

A. where B. whether C. that D. why

【答案】B

【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.

【考点】考查名词性从句。

7.【2012全国新课程,24】 It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.

A. how B. which

C. that D. what

【答案】D

【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

8.【2012山东卷,25】 It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how B. whether

C. what D. why

【答案】B

【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

9.【2012福建卷,35】We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

【考点】本句考查连词的辨析

【答案】C

【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。

B组 2008-2011年全国高考题组

1.【2011北京卷 22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom

【答案】B

【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。

【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。

2.【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.

A. what B. if C. how D. that

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。

【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。

3.【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.

A. that B. when C. where D. why

【答案】D

【考点】考查表语从句。

【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。

4.【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

【答案】C

【考点】考察宾语从句和主语从句。

【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。

5.【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

A. that B. how C. when D. why

【答案】A

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。

6.【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.

A. that B. how C. who D. what

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分;how作方式状语;who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。

7.【10浙江】—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?

—OK, you want.

A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever

【答案】C

【考点】本题考查引导词。

【解析】句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的?” “好啊, 按你的意思吧!”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。

8.【10浙江】It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A. that B. what C. how D. whether

【答案】B

【考点】本题考查主语从句的引导词。

【解析】根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what, 形容词 “什么样的”, 起修饰作用。

9.【09浙江】-Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?

-No problem.

A. When B. that C. whether D. what

【答案】B

【考点】考查同位语从句。

【解析】——你能到机场接我吗?——没问题。答案B。

10.【09重庆】We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整, 因此用that引导。答案A。

11.【08浙江】Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.

A. what B. that C. which D. one

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】句中的from缺少宾语, what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak的宾语。

12.【08福建】 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

【答案】B

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】分析题干结构 “ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。

三年模拟

A组 2012年全国模拟题组

1.(2012届浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)It was the training _______ he had at school _______ made him good jumper.

A.what;what B.that;that

C.what;that D.that;had

2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学2012届高三第一次月考试题,29)Was it in the garden______ we used to work in______ the famous actors and actresses had a picnic?

A. t hat; where B. which; that C. where; that D. which; where

3.(浙江省慈溪中学2012届高三10月月考,18)An advertisement is useful in _______ it lets customers know of the kinds of goods in the shops.

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学2012届高三12月月考,7)The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, ________ they have the interest.

A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if

5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中2012届高三下学期入学考试,11)______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.

A. It B. That C. Such D. What

6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学2012届高三上学期第三次月考,17) I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind.

A. That, what B. That, why C. What, what D. What, why

7.(浙江省杭州市2012届高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)

—Next time you are in New York, cam and visit us, will you?

—I’d like to see you convenient.

A.whatever B.wherever C.however D.whenever

8.(浙江省六校联盟2012届高三第一次联考,9)The national spirits like brave hearts showed in the film The Flowers of War are ______ deeply moved the audience.

A. which B. that C. what D. who[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]

9.(浙江省宁波市2012届高三上学期期末试题,3)

—Have you finished the book?

—NO. I've read up to _______ the children discover the secret cave.

A. where B. what C. that D. which

10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区2012届高三高考适应性考试(3月),15)

--What’s your idea?[

--My opinion is _________happens, we should not stop the reform.

A. when; what B. that; when C. that; whatever D. when ; what

11.(浙江省瑞安中学2012届高三上学期期末试题,10)

---- When did the couple die?

---- It was on May 12 _______ the earthquake hit Wenchuan County.

A. that B. which C. when D. what

12.(浙江省余姚中学2012届高三第一次质检,7)

—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?

—No, that’s _____ they are mistaken.

A. where B. when C. in which D. what

B组 2010-2011年全国模拟题组

1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)A reward of $1,000 will be given to can provide any clues to the case which has been investigated by the police for nearly half a year.

A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.who

2.(浙江省杭州市2011年高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)I wish there was more information about calories in restaurants. It would make it easier for me to know to eat.

A.how B.what C.when D.where

3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中2011届高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually, works hard can be they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.

A. anyone; whoever B. no matter who; whoever

C. whoever; no matter what D. whoever; whatever

4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学2011届高三模拟考试2, 11)Our new science teacher comes from either New York or Washington. But I can’t remember _______.

A. where B. there C. which D. that

5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校2011年高三联考,13)

-- I’ve read another book this week.

-- Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read ______ counts.

A. this; it B. that; which C. there; one D. it; that

6.(浙江省嵊州二中2011届高三12月月考 ,18)

—Mum, why do you keep staring at me? Have I done anything wrong?

—You look stupid! The way you are dressed is ________ annoys me most.

A. which B. where C. how D. what

7.(菱湖中学2009学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)They asked the teacher_____________.

A. when will they have the exam B. when we would have the exam

C. when they would have the exam D. when would they have the exam

8.(浙江省瑞安中学2010届高三暑期总结性测试,18)

—I’ve read another book this week.

—Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A .this B. that C. there D. it

9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学2010届高三第一次摸底考试,29) ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

A. However B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whatever

10.(浙江省杭州高级中学2010届高三上学期第一次月考14)Today impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of ______ we call “modern art”.

A. which B. what C. that D. how

扩展阅读

高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句

2010高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句
名词性从句考点概览：1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3.it作形式宾语的几种情况；4.that从句作介词宾语；5.宾语从句的否定转移；
6.whether和if的用法区别；7.what在名词性从句中的使用；8.doubt后的名词性从句的使用。
考纲明确要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
名词性从句一直很受高考命题者的关注，分析近五年来的名词性从句的考点，从出题者的角度，就是要考察名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，或使句子结构复杂化等使得难度增加。其实，总的难度和变化都不大。但是从考生的角度来说，如果考生对句子结构掌握不过硬，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就会容易造成和定语从句、状语从句的混淆，造成根本环节的误判而用其他从句的规则去解题。造成丢分，为此，在复习备考中教师可以按照如下要求做好指导：
1.扎实做好名词性从句基本用法的复习；
2．小心辨析，采用对比分析法，从结构和句意两方面分析定语从句和名词性从句，尤其是定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
2．从结构入手，分析名词性从句和状语从句之间的关系及区别。
3．加强名词性从句引导词各自意义，用法，特点的辨析。
4．加强长、难句的分析和理解练习。
名词性从句的用法
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
　以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
　连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.whichever,whomever
　连接副词：when,where,how,why
　不可省略的连词：
　1.介词后的连词
　2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
　Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.
　Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
　比较：
　whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：
　1.whether引导主语从句并在句首；
2.引导表语从句
　3.whether从句作介词宾语；
4.从句后有"ornot"
　Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
　大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
　Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.
　Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.具体分类
1、主语从句
　作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
　有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句
（2）It+be+形容词+that从句
（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…
Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…
Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?
Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。
Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用
不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：
TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
3、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
4、同位语从句
　同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
三、对比与用法
1、同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……
Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……
Itisknowntoallthat…　从所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识
Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-分句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……
Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　
你非走不可真是件憾事。
3、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

高考英语名词性从句语法复习

一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划，作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，减轻高中教师们在教学时的教学压力。高中教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高考英语名词性从句语法复习》，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

高中英语语法之名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,whichever,whomever
连接副词：when,where,how,why,howmany,howmuch,howoften
不可省略的连词：
1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
比较：whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有"ornot"
Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.主语从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句（2）It+be+形容词+that从句（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.
（2）Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.
（3）Whowillbeourmonitorhasntbeendecidedyet.
（4）Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.
（5）Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.
（6）Whateveryoudidisright.
（7）Whothewatchbelongstowaslostisunknown.
（8）Whatweneedistime.
（9）Whatweneedaregooddoctors.
小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.
（2）Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.
（3）Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.
（4）Itisstrangethatheshoulddothat.
（5）Itisimportantthatweallshouldattendthemeeting.
（6）Itisstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.
（7）Itisapitythatwewontbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.
（8）Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.
（9）Itissaidthathehasgonetoshanghai.(=Heissaidtohavegonetoshanghai)
（10）ItisknowntoallthatthegunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.
（11）Itissuggestedthattheworkshouldbedonewithgreatcare.
（12）Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.(=Heseemstohaveseenthefilm)
（13）Ithappenedthatthetwocheatswerethere.(=Thetwocheatshappenedtobethere)
小结:（1)以that引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.Itis+形容词/名词/某些动词ed+that从句.（2)在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+havedone)例句4,5,6,11.
3、主语从句的用法
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
2.用it作形式主语的结构
(1)Itis＋名词＋从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
(2)itis＋形容词＋从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
(3)it＋不及物动词＋从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
(4)itis＋过去分词＋从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)Itissaid,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.
(3)Ithappens…,Itoccurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.
(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?
4.What与that在引导主语从句时的区别
What引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
三、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试？Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
6.时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
7.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词：连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告诉我他明年上大学.
Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词：连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词：连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
8.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记
Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.　我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.　我每天写日记成了习惯.
Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,seeto.
Ihateitwhentheywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.我们认为你会同意我们的.
Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.
开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
9.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
10.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
IamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.
IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
11.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.（如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。）⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
12.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
1.当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;2.当宾语从句较长时;3.当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;4.当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;5.当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;6.当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;7.当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;8.当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;9.当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;10.在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
13.宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
14.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
四、表语从句
1、在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
2、简介
定义：A表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么[1]样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
Theproblemispuzzling.这问题令人困惑
主语连系动词形容词作表语
Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句
B连接表语从句的连接词有：that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how.
Hehasbecomeateacher.他已经成为一名教师。
Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
Shehasremainedthereforanhour.她曾在那里停留了一个小时。
ShehasremainedwhereIstoodyesterdayforanhour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
Hissuggestionisgood.他的建议是好的。
Hissuggestionisthatweshouldstaycalm.他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。
Thequestionisconfusing.这个问题令人困惑.
Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。
whowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。
whyhecriedyesterday.昨天他为什么哭。
howIcanpersuadehertojoinusintheparty.我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。
whethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.是否敌人正向我们行进.
注意：
A表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.
Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.
B不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句(asif例外）。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether
False:Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Itlookedasifhehadunderstoodthisquestion.
C不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.
Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.
Dthat在表语从句中不可以省掉。
3、基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如：Theproblemishowwecangetthethingsweneed.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)//ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)//WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)//ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)//Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意：“Thatiswhy...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如：Thatiswhyyouseethisoldwomanbeforeyouknow,Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“Thatiswhy...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Thatiswhy...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
(1)“Thatiswhy...”与“Thatisthereasonwhy...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“Thatisthereasonwhy...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与“Thatiswhy...”结构一样，例如：Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“Thatisbecause...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“Thatisbecause...”与“Thatiswhy...”之间的不同在于“Thatisbecause...”指原因或理由，“Thatiswhy...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)
Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)
五、同位语从句
1、同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、简介
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定",把关键的几个词背下来.
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：
I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）如：
lhavenoideawhenhewillbeback．我不知道他什么时候回来。
Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：
Severalyearslater，wordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
六、名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：Thatsheisstillaliveisherluck.　他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.　事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…　众所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-从句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
七、名词性wh-从句
1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who,whom,.whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：
主语：Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.　书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语：Inonesownhomeonecandowhatonelikes.　在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语：Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize.　俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语：MyquestioniswhowilltakeoverpresidentoftheFoundation.　我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语：Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto.她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位语：　Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.　我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语：Imnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.　我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语：　Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo.　
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.　还没决定谁做这项工作。
Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.　他们何时结婚依然不明。
八、if,whether引导的名词从句
1）yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同，例如：
主语：Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语：Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.　请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.　问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语：Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.　他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语：Shesdoubtfulwhetherweshallbeabletocome.　她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语：Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.　我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2）选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…ornot构成，例如：
Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
Idontcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
if和whether的区别：
1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如：
例8Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。
2、在whether……ornot的固定搭配中。如：
例9Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.我想知道是否是好消息。
3、在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhelosehiswork.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如：
Whetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydon’tknow.这是否真的，我真的不知道。
（例11Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。－－此例为主语从句，有误，感谢指出）
5、用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12Couldyoutellmeifyouknowtheanswer?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义.
九、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3)有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
Idontrememberhavingeverseensuchaman.　
我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语having…)
Itsnotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.
在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4)有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.　(否定状语)　蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.(否定because状语)他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。
Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatmansyoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.　(否定状语manyweeks)　她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。
十、高考热点透视
1.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为：ThatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageisafact.
2．Acomputercanonlydo____youhaveinstructedittodo．（NMET2001）
A．howB．afterC．whatD．when
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
3.Heasked____foraviolin．（MET1992）
A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid
答案：D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
4.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．（上海2001年春季招生）
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。”
5．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.(NMET1997)
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
答案B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A.however和D.whenever是不能作宾语的；排除A和D，whichever表示“无论哪一个，无论哪些”，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选B．whatever，表示“无论什么”。
6.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
答案C。本题句子的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词whoever引导的名词性从句，连接代词whoever可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anypersonwho或Thepersonwho,意为“一切……的人”。而anyone和theperson均非连词，不能引导从句，况wholeavestheroomlast意为“某个最后离开房间的人”，与题意不符，如果要选A.Anyone或B.Theperson，都必须在它们后面再加上引导定语从句的关系代词who。如果要选D.Who就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。
7.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.(Shanghai1995)
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
答案为C。本题句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D，从句中需要的是主语，所以whomever也不行。
8.----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)
A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where
答案A。根据语境，甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C,D均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境，下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？”
9.Istillremember______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.(NMET1993)
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
答案A。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语，排除D．what，而答案C,D均与题意不符，所以应选A．when。usedtobe表示一种过去存在的状态，本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”
10．Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas？（2001春季招生）
A．whereB．whatC．howD．which
答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”。
11.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatCwhenD.as(2001年上海)
答案B。该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact,news,promise,possibility,information,doubt,message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。
12.—Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.
—Iwonder______wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)
A、ifB、howC、whatD、that
答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。
十一、专项考点练习
1.________thattheyfoundanunusualplantintheforest.
A.ItissaidB.TheyaresaidC.ItsaidD.Itsays
答案A：句型Itissaidthat+主语从句。类似的还有Itisbelievedthat……etc
2._____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
答案A：观察此从句中缺少主语，而能在主语从句中即充当主语成分又引导的就只有what了
3.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
4.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn’tlike_____itusedtobe.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.which
5.____isnopossibility______Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,whether
6.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster____hehaddonethedaybefore.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.where
7.Theoldmansmiledwhenhesawhowpretty_____uptobeduringthepastfewyears.
A.hadhisdaughtergrownB.wouldhisdaughtergrow
C.hisdaughterwouldgrowD.hisdaughterhadgrown
8.HaveyouseenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_______.
A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalong
C.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong
9.____surprisedmemostwas_____suchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;what
10.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo______Icantosavethem.
A.whateverB.whichC.thatD.whichever
11._____helpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Theperson
12.Eat_____youlikeandleavetheothersfor_____comesinlate.
A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever
13.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that
14.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what
15.Itwasorderedthatallthesoldiers_______tothefront.
A.shouldsendB.mustbesentC.shouldbesentD.mustgo
16.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin______,but_______.
A.whichweget;whatgiveweB.whatweget;whatwegive
C.whichdoweget;whatdowegiveD.howweget;thatwegive
17.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion_______.
A.beputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoffD.istobeputoff
18.Goandgetyourcoat．Its____youleftit．
A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere
19.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
20.Youcan’timagine______whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere
C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
Keys:1---5AAAAA6---10CDABA11----15CCAAC16---20BAACB
名词性从句练习(一)
1.Hissuccesswasbecauseof________hehadbeenworkinghard.
A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact
2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idontknow_______."
A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecome
C.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrom
3.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
4.ThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas________anewjob.
A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot
5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
6.Henrykilledthedog.Illaskhimwhy________.
A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdoneso
7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.
A.howheisgettingalongB.howishegettingalong
C.whatheisgettingalongD.whatishegettingalong
8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
9.Heaskedme________withme.
A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitis
10.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat
11.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee
12.Iwonderhowmuch________.
A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostC.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcosts
13.Maryis________someonemightrecognizeher.
A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidfor
14.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminuteslate
C.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
15.Theycametotheconclusion________byacomputer.
A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneB.becauseofnotallthingsbedone
C.beingnotallthingscanbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedone
16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.
A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that
17.Idontdoubt________hellcome.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether
18."Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang""Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasit
19.Outputisnowsixtimes________itwasbeforeliberation.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich
20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshesnowbuyingabighouse.
Carol:Yes.Becauseshesalwayssaved________.
A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns
21._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which
22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.this
23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.
A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthat
24.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________
A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld
C.whenisthesportsmeettobeginD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace
25.Doyouhappentoknow________
A.whatsizeshoeshewearsB.howbigshoeshewears
C.whatisthesizeofhisshoesD.whatnumbershoesarehis
26.Thisbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.
A.howyouhaveobservedB.howwhatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
27.Wheredoyouthink________
A.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.hesgoneD.washe
28.Doyouknow________
A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworldB.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworld
C.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldis
29.Wouldyougoandsee________outsideA.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatthematterhadbeen
30.Thesubjectof"WhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.
A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.I
31.________IthinkheisCharles.
A.WhodoyouthinkheisB.Doyouthinkwhoheis
C.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis
32.Hedidntknowwhichroom________.
A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein
33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat
34.Thecityisnolonger________.
A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe
35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhat
36.______wegoswimmingeveryday_____usalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
37.________wastheidea_______thewifethoughtof
A.What...thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...how
38._______didhetellhiswife________hewishedtodo
A.That...whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...where
39.Oneofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat
40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."
A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatheris
42.Isthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsago
A.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich
43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
44.Weallknowthetruth________thereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.
A.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever
45.Theydiscussed_______theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothershelp.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
46.Sheasked________.
A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeup
C.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing
47.-MayIborrowthering-Youcantake_______youlike.
A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that
48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.
A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeautiful
49.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.
A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send
50.Doyouknow________heexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose
51.Itsuncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.
A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butfor
53.________istodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.WhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardC.WhatishardD.Allwhatishard
54.________theboydidnttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.
A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
55.Asthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestion________forawalkinthepark.
A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwegoD.thatwego
56.____wecantgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
57.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
58.Youcantimagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
59.____wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.
A.What…thatB.That…whatC.Why…thatD.If…what
61._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
62._______wellfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.
A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
63._______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrowsmeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
64._______hewontgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
65._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
66._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody
67._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
68.Threedayslater,wordcame________ourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.
A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where
69.Theproblemis________willgotothemeeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who
70.Itlooks_______itweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.like
71.Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
72.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why
73.Wethought_______strangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
74.Thefact_______shehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how
75.WhatImconsideringnow_________themoneyweneed.A.isB.areC.wereD.was
76.Canyoutellme__________A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman
77.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
78.Itiswellknown_________apersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.
A.thatwhat,when,andhowB.thatC.whatD.how
79.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such
80.Jackwassoontold________hedidwasnotnecessary.
A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhat
81.Weshouldthinkcarefullyabout________Mr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.X
82.Canyoupointout________tworadiosarethebestA.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether
83.Youwilleasilyknow________videorecorders(录相机)arethesame.
A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseC.thatallofD.whichofthose
84.________youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesntmatter.
A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.When
85.IaskedherinEnglish________shewas,andshetoldme________shewasanactress.
A.who…thatB.who…XC.what…XD.how…that
86.Shetookitforgranted________Idbebackhomeanhourago.
A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when
87.Wethinkitpossible________thelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.
A.forB.thatC.whenD.how
88.Nowthereisadanger________thegroundmayfallin(沉下)undertheheavytraffic.
A.whetherB.ifC.XD.that
89.AtthattimeIhadnoidea________Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.
A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathow
90.LastSundayhepromised________today,buthehasntappearedyet.A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcomeC.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcome
91.LastSundayhemadeapromise________hewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.
A.ifB.thatC.thatifD.whether
92.Doyouhaveanyidea________
A.whenMissSmithwillarriveB.whenwillMissSmitharrive
C.howwillMissSmitharriveD.whyhasntMissSmitharrived
93.Ihavealmostforgotten________.
A.howMr.TaylorslikeB.whatMr.Taylorsfaceislike
C.whatMr.TaylorsfaceisD.whichMr.Taylorsfaceislike
94.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin________,but________.
A.howyouget…thatyougiveB.whichyougotwhatyougive
C.whatyouget…whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget…whatdoyougive
95.Doyouknow________
A.whatisthisusedforB.whatthisisusedforC.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedfor
96.________surprisedmemostwas________.
A.That…thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What…howcouldshespeakJapanesesowell
C.What…thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That…whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell
97.________istodance.
A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.
C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMary
98.Weweregreatlyamusedby________.
A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldusC.whatyoutoldusD.thatyoutoldus
99.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom________.
A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect
100.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpected
C.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
答案：
1-5.CDCDB6-10.BABCD11-15.ADCCA16-20.DABCA21-25.BBDDA26-30.BCDCC31-35.ABCDC36-40.DABBC41-45.CCDDD46-50.ACBAA51-55.CCCAD56-60.ACBBA61-65DABCD66-70CACDB71-75CBBCA76-80CCCCD81-85BADBC86-90ABDBA91-95CABCB96-100CCCBD
名词性从句练习(二)
1.____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If
2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____
A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout
C.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout
3.Energyis____makesthingwork..A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that
4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when
6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone
7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatientsfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat
8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.
A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave
9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether
10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if
11.Is_____hesaidreallytrueA.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether
12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesntmatter.
A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where
13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for
14.____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.
A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If
15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If
16.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How
17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.
A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what
18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That
19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped
20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.
A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweekAthatBitChisDhe
24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat
25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday__usgood.
A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose
26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.
Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which
27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.
A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever
28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.
A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what
29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy
31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdont.
A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what
32.Whattimedoyouthink__
A.willTomcomebackB.TomwillcomebackC.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere
33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.
A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels
34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.Insomecountries,___arecalled"publicschools"arenotownedbythestate.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudontisaterriblemistake.
A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat
38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Whydontyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.Thatswhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.
A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever
C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however
41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace
42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because
43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether
44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet---No,Imnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.
A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why
45.Thedoctorcouldntanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what
46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.
A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat
47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice---___Iwaslastnight.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What
48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./
50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that
51.___hasagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Whoever
52.___ishardistodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.HeB.ItC.ThatD.What
53.___worriesmeis___weregoingtopayforallthis.
A.It;thatB.That;howC.What;howD.As;that
54.___issaidthatpaperwasinventedinChina.A.AsB.WhichC.ItD.That
55.Manypeoplethoughtlittleofme,butIdidwhat___.
A.IthoughtIwasrightB.IthoughtitwasrightC.IthoughtwasrightD.Iwasthoughtrighty
56.Themanagerhasdecidedtoput___hethinkisenergetic,clever,andhasgoodsenseofduty
inthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.
A.thosewhoB.anyoneC.whomeverD.whoever
57.ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberia
and___moretan10,000yearsago.
A.thisisAlaskaB.AlaskaisnowAlaskaC.isnowAlaskaD.whatisnowAlaska
58.Pleasetellme___youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee---blackorwhite
A.whatB.whereC.whichD.how
59.Mymotherasked___withme.
A.whatwasthewrongB.whatthematterwasC.whatmatterwasD.whatwasthematter
60.Someofthescientistsheldthepoint___thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatwhatB.whatwhatC.thatthatD.thatwhat
答案：
1-5ABABC6-10AABAC11-15BBCAB16-20BCBAA21-25BABAD26-30ADBCC31-35BBDBC36-40DCDDA41-45CBBBC46-50CCCBC51-55BDCCC56-60DDDDD

高考英语名词性从句专项复习

一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。怎么才能让教案写的更加全面呢？下面是由小编为大家整理的“高考英语名词性从句专项复习”，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！

英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题11名词性从句

一、概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的呼应等
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.
2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
从属连词：that,whether,if不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever.（作主、宾、表、补）
连接副词:
when,where,how,why,however,wherever（状）
主语从句的用法
一、主语从句在复合句中作主语,它可
以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放在
句末,句首则用形式主语it。
1．Thattheearthisroundistrue.
=Itistruethattheearthisround
2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.
=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.
注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）
WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.
(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)
Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldclosethedoor.
Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestsofthepeople.
3.常见的it作形式主语的结构
1）Itisafactthathewonthematch.
2）ItisnecessarythatwedostudytheEnglish.
3）Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
4）Itseemedthathewouldcomehere
基本句型结构常用词语
Itis+名词+that从句Itisafact/ashame/apity/nowonder/
goodnews/…that…

Itis+形容词+that从句Itisnecessary/strange/important/
possible/likely/…that…这类主语从
句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

Itis+过去分词+that从句Itissaid/reported/decided/known/
…that…

It+不及物动词+that从句Itseemed/happened/doesn’t
matter/hasturnedout/…that

二、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.
Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.
ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.
宾语从句的用法
句子结构：
主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句
1.Webelieve(that)heishonest.
2.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?
3.Idon’trememberwhenwearrived
4.Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.
5.weshouldthinkofhowwecandomoreforothers
在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。
Idon’tbelievehewillgo.
Wedon’texpectheiscoming.
Idon’tthinkhecandoit,canhe?
You/Theydon’tthinkhecandoit,dothey?
在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常接复合宾语的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think...
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.
Ithinkitapitytowastethefood
表语从句的用法
在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。
That’swhatweshoulddo.
That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.
ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.
1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句：
Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.
Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain
2.asif,because也可引导表语从句。
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.
ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.
3.在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:
Thetroubleis(that)heisill
注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.
同位语从句的用法
在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,doubt,questiondreamadvice,proofdecision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.
1.Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.
2.Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.
3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.
名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.
同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：
ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilled
thekingwithanarrow.
Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon
九大热点问题
1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1）.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.
2）.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.
3）.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.
4).Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical
同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步
说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、
限定前面的名词（相当于一个定语）。
e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatch
isencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）
2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.
（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
Choosethebestanswer
2.语序问题（名词性从句用陈述语序）
3.whetherif的区别
I.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouwillgotothelecturestomorrow.
II.Italldependsonwhethertheskywillclearup.
III.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmiswellworthseeing.
IV.Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?
V.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.
VI.Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostay.
A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后
B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后
C.引导主语从句，放句首
D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句
E.可与ornot直接连用
4.Whatthat的区别（在名词性从句中）
I.Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.
II.Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.
III.Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.
IV.Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.
V.ThereasonwasthatTodhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.

所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义能否省略
What缺什么；所……的
东西、事情否
that不缺无意义宾语从句中能省略

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况
1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：
（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；Ithink,hesaid,thatTomwillcome.
（B）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省；
（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉（很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but,beside,in后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用which，if连接）如：
Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.
Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.
6.Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别。
一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。
7.Where,when,why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。
Where,when,why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。
8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+whom”引导的定语从句的区别。
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：
Itwasamatterof____wouldtaketheposition.
A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever
9疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别。
①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.
Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.
②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,
Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.
③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.
Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.
w考点解析
名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。
that引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词；而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=allthat或sth.that
1.Themountainisnolonger____itusedtobe.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as
2.Thereismuchchance____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.
A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if
3.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.
A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which
4.Youcanonlybesureof_____youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.[2007安徽卷]
A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that
Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。
名词性从句中引导词whether与if的用法区别。
If在名从中可以用在：
1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句
2.当与ornot分开使用时Hewonderedif/whetherwewillattendthemeetingornot.
Whether所有名从都可以
1_____theflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayedis____I’mespeciallyworriedabout.
A.If;whatB.Whether;thatC.When;thatD.Whether;what
“(should)+do”
在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:
（1）Itisnecessary,(important,natural,strange,etc.)that...
（2）Itissuggested,(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that...
（3）一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，desire,require，request）。
（4）主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表“建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”。如:Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.
1.Iadvisedthathe_____tothehospitalatonce,butheinsistedthathe_____quitewellthen.
A.besent;wasfeelingB.wassent;sent
C.besent;feelD.shouldbesent;shouldfeel
名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。
Eg.Theyareteachersanddon’trealize______tostartandrunacompany.
A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakes
whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从；nomatterwho/which/what/when/where/how只能引导让步主语从句。
⑦—Haveanicetrip!—Thanks.I’lltelephoneyoufrom_____Igettobytomorrowevening.
A.whereverB.everyplaceC.wheneverD.nomatterwhere
that的用法
1.that引导从句小结
1.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.
　A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
2.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
　A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
3.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased____hewasamanofaction.
　A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether
4.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_______matters.
　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this
5.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_________weallagreedtoacceptit.
　A.soB.whatC.thatD.as
6____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because
2．that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略,但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。
如：Shesaid(that)shehadleftschoolandthatherparentswouldfindherajob.
3．介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。
Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
4.定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。
定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与which互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
例如：ThefootballstarHenryexpressedthehopethathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容；
ThehopethefootballstarHenryexpressedisthathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。
1.…Itsthirtyyearssincewelastmet.
…ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,____wegotlostonarainynight.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
2.Istillrememberthebignamesinthestories____mymothertoldmewhenIwasyoung.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.where

五年高考
A组全国高考题组
1.Imadeapromisetomyself______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.
A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how
名词性从句—同位语从句
C
that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。
2.34.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.
A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever
连词用法。
C
介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项
3.Scientistsstudy____humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.
A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether
B
本题考查名词性从句。
句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。
4.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimhehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A．whetherB．whereC．whichD．that
D
考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。
it作形式主语，真正的主语为thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。
5.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthemeetingwouldbepostponed.
A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how
名词性从句-同位语从句
B
句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词thenotice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。
6.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but
hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
B
首先把插入语generallyspeaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
考查名词性从句。
7.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.
A.howB.which
C.thatD.what
D
此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。
考查主语从句的连接词。
8.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whether
C.whatD.why
B
此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。
考查主语从句的连接词。
9.Wepromiseattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever
本句考查连词的辨析
C
首先本句考查的关键短语是promisesbsth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyonewho，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。
B组2008-全国高考题组
1.__________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.
A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom
B
考察名词性从句中的主语从句。
句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。
2.Thereisclearevidence_____themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.
A.whatB.ifC.howD.that
D
考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。
句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。
3.Iamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishesanything.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why
D
考查表语从句。
句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“whichis..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。
4.Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.
A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which
C
考察宾语从句和主语从句。
村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。
5.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.
A.thatB.howC.whenD.why
A
考查主语从句。
句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。
6.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.
A.thatB.howC.whoD.what
D
考查名词性从句。
句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语makeout引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。
7.—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?
—OK,youwant.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
C
本题考查引导词。
句意：“这个周末野营怎么样,来点新鲜的？”“好啊,按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
8.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether
B
本题考查主语从句的引导词。
根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。sideeffect意思是“副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是themedicinewillbringabout______sideeffect。故选择what,形容词“什么样的”,起修饰作用。
9.－Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?
－Noproblem.
A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what
B
考查同位语从句。
——你能到机场接我吗？——没问题。答案B。
10.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request___theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
A
考查宾语从句。
我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整,因此用that引导。答案A。
11.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one
A
考查宾语从句。
句中的from缺少宾语,what既引导了宾语从句,又充当了speak的宾语。
12.isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
B
考查主语从句。
分析题干结构“isknowntousall”是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语。如果选it,需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉isthat。
三年模拟
A组全国模拟题组
1．(浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)Itwasthetraining_______hehadatschool_______madehimgoodjumper．
A．what；whatB．that；that
C．what；thatD．that；had
2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学高三第一次月考试题,29)Wasitinthegarden______weusedtoworkin______thefamousactorsandactresseshadapicnic?
A.that;whereB.which;thatC.where;thatD.which;where
3.(浙江省慈溪中学高三10月月考,18)Anadvertisementisusefulin_______itletscustomersknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学高三12月月考,7)Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavenotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,________theyhavetheinterest.
A.whereverB.wheneverC.evenifD.asif
5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中高三下学期入学考试,11)______issurprisingisthattherearesomanyChineserestaurantsinToronto.
A.ItB.ThatC.SuchD.What
6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学高三上学期第三次月考,17)Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind.
A.That,whatB.That,whyC.What,whatD.What,why
7.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)
—NexttimeyouareinNewYork,camandvisitus,willyou?
—I’dliketoseeyouconvenient.
A．whateverB．whereverC．howeverD．whenever
8.(浙江省六校联盟高三第一次联考,9)ThenationalspiritslikebraveheartsshowedinthefilmTheFlowersofWarare______deeplymovedtheaudience.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
9.(浙江省宁波市高三上学期期末试题,3)
—Haveyoufinishedthebook?
—NO.Ivereadupto_______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.which
10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区高三高考适应性考试（3月）,15)
--What’syouridea?[
--Myopinionis_________happens,weshouldnotstopthereform.
A.when;whatB.that;whenC.that;whateverD.when;what
11.(浙江省瑞安中学高三上学期期末试题,10)
----Whendidthecoupledie?
----ItwasonMay12_______theearthquakehitWenchuanCounty.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what
12.(浙江省余姚中学高三第一次质检,7)
—DoyouthinkitwiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?
—No,that’s_____theyaremistaken.
A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.what
B组2010-全国模拟题组
1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)Arewardof$1,000willbegiventocanprovideanycluestothecasewhichhasbeeninvestigatedbythepolicefornearlyhalfayear.
A．whoeverB．whomeverC．anyoneD．who
2.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)Iwishtherewasmoreinformationaboutcaloriesinrestaurants.Itwouldmakeiteasierformetoknowtoeat.
A．howB．whatC．whenD．where
3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually,workshardcanbetheywanttobe,whetheritisapilot,anengineeroramanager.
A.anyone;whoeverB.nomatterwho;whoever
C.whoever;nomatterwhatD.whoever;whatever
4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学高三模拟考试2,11)OurnewscienceteachercomesfromeitherNewYorkorWashington.ButIcan’tremember_______.
A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that
5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校高三联考,13)
--I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
--Well,maybe_____isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyouread______counts.
A.this;itB.that;whichC.there;oneD.it;that
6.(浙江省嵊州二中高三12月月考,18)
—Mum,whydoyoukeepstaringatme?HaveIdoneanythingwrong?
—Youlookstupid!Thewayyouaredressedis________annoysmemost.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.what
7.(菱湖中学学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)Theyaskedtheteacher_____________.
A.whenwilltheyhavetheexamB.whenwewouldhavetheexam
C.whentheywouldhavetheexamD.whenwouldtheyhavetheexam
8.(浙江省瑞安中学高三暑期总结性测试,18)
—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
—Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.
A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学高三第一次摸底考试,29)______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.
A.HoweverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.Whatever
10.(浙江省杭州高级中学高三上学期第一次月考14)Todayimpressionistpaintingsareacceptedasthebeginningof______wecall“modernart”.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how

语法复习三：名词性从句

语法复习三：名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether和if（是否），asif（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if和asif都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.
2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.
3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
（三）表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.
2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.
（四）宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.
2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。
e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..
I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.
3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。
e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.
②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.
Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.
Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.
Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.
（五）同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.
Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.

练习：名词性从句
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.
2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.
3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.
4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.
5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.
6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.
7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.
8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.
9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?
10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1.Ican’tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.
2.That’s____________herefusedmyinvitation.
3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.
4.____________weneedismoretime.
5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.
6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.
7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.
8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?
9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?
10.Idon’tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.
三、选择填空：
1.Doyousee_____Imean?
A.thatB./C.howD.what
2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why
3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.
A.whatB.thatC./D.how
4.Letmesee_____.
A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whether-Icanrepairtheradio
C.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio
5.Keepinmind_____.
A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersay
C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid
6.Couldyouadviseme_____?
A.whichbookshouldIreadfirstB.whatbookshouldIreadfirst
C.thatbook1shouldreadfirstD.whichbookIshouldreadfirst
7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.
A.hehaddoneitB.whathehaddoneC.whathadhedoneD.thathehaddoneit
8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____?
A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
B.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStation
C.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
D.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.
A.whathadsheseeninChinaB.thatshehadseeninChina
C.whatshehadseeninChinaD.whichhadsheseeninChina
10.Wetookitforgranted___
A.thattheywerenotcomingB.thatweretheynotcoming
C.theywerecomingnotD.weretheynotcoining
11.Ireallydontknow_____
A.IshoulddonextB.whatshouldIdonext
C.whatIshoulddonextD.howIshoulddonext
12.Imafraid_____.
A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedon
B.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateon
C.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateon
D.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetobeoperatedon
13.Shewalkedupto_____.
A.wheredidIstandB.whereIstood
C.IstoodthereD.whereIstoodthere
14.Canyoutellme_____?
A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswho
C.whothatgentlemanisD.whom.isthatgentleman
15.Wellgiveyou_____.
A.thatdoyouneedB.whatdoyouneed
C.whateveryouneedD.whetherdoyouneed
16.Theywantustoknow_____tohelpus.
A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey
17.Wemustput_____intopractice.
A.whatwehavelearnedB.thatwehavelearned
C.thathavewelearnedD.whathavewelearned
18.Didshesayanythingabout_____?
A.thattheworkwastobedoneB.howwastheworktobedone
C.thatwastheworktobedoneD.howtheworkwastobedone
19.Hewasneversatisfiedwith_____.
A.whatshehadachievedB.hadwhatsheachieved
C.shehadachievedD.thatsheachieved
20.Thesephotographswillshowyou_____.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
21.Peterinsisted_____hepaythebill.
A.onthatB.whatC.thatD.onwhich
22.Theyurged_____thelibraryopenduringthevacation.
A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that
23.Wewishwecouldhavelearned_____whenwewereathighschool.
A.whatyoudidB.thatyouhaddone
C.thatwhatyoudidD.whatdidyoudo
24.1willdescribetoyou_____Isawwhenthere.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD./
25.From_____Ishouldsayheisagoodworker.
A.what1knowofhimB.thatIdoknowofhim
C.whatdoIknowofhimD.thatdoIknowofhim
26.Iwillgivethisdictionaryto__wantstohaveit.
A.whomeverB.anyoneC.whoeverD.someone
27._____theywillcomeherehasntbeendecidedyet.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Where
28._____wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.
A.WhoB.ThethingC.WhateverD.Where
29.Itisstillaquestion_____weshallhaveoursportsmeet.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when
30.Imgoinganyway._____shewillgoisuptohertodecide.
A.IfornotB.WhetherornotC.IfD.That
31.Itisstrange_____shehaveleftwithoutsayingaword.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
32.Itisveryclear_____ourpolicyisacorrectone.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.where
33._____MrZhangsaidisquiteright.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhatD.Whether
34.Ithasbeendecided_____hewillbesentthere.
A.ifB.whetherC.whyD.that
35.Itdoesntmatter_____hescomebackornot.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when
36.Itsagreatpity_____wewon’tbeabletofinishthetaskontime.
A.whenB.thatC.whyD.where
37.Ithappened_____Iwasnttherethatday.
A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that
38._____youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Thethings
39._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoftthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
40._____the2000OlympicGameswontbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall.
A.WhetherB.IfC.WheneverD.That
41._____failstoseethiswillmakeabigmistake.
A.ThatB.WhoeverC.WhetherD.Whetherornot
42.__weneedmoreequipmentisquiteobvious.
A.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.Whatever
43.Hasitbeenannounced_____?
A.whenaretheplanestotakeoffB.thataretheplanestotakeoff
C.wherearetheplanestotakeoffD.whentheplanesaretotakeoff
44.Thatis_____weallsupporthisidea.
A.whatB.whyC.whereD.when
45.That’s_____weshoulddo.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.why
46._____istroublingmeis_____Idon’tunderstand_____hesaid
A.What;that;whatB.What;what;what
C.That;that;whatD.Why;that;which
47.Thingswerenot_____theyseemedtobe.
A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what
48.That’s_____Iwanttosay.
A.allwhatB.whatC.allwhichD.whatthat
49.That’s_____.
A.whereourdifferenceslieB.ourdifferencesliethere
C.wheredoourdifferenceslieD.thatwhereourdifferenceslie
50.Thatis_____.
A.wherelivedhethereB.wheredidhelive
C.wherehelivedD.thatwherehelived
51.Thequestionsis_____.
A.whetherisitworthdoingB.thatifitisworthdoing
C.whetheritisworthdoingD.ifitisworthdoing
52.Waterwillcontinuetobe_____itistodaynextinimportancetooxygen.
A.howB.whichC.whatD.as
53.Thats_____.
A.howdidIbecomeateacherB.howIbecameateacher
C.howateacherIbecameD.thatIbecameateacher
54.Theyarejust_____.
A.thatwhatshallIhaveB.whatshallIhave
C.thatIshallhavewhatD.whatIshallhave
55.Itlooked____.
A.asifitwasgoingtorainB.thatasifitwasgoingtorain
C.asifwasitgoingtorainD.asifthatitwasgoingtorain
56.Thats_____.
A.howshediditB.thathowdidshedoit.
C.howdidshedoitD.whatshedidit
57.Thatis_____wedecidedtoputthediscussionoff.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.why
58.That’s_____IlivedwhenIwastenyearsold.
A.whereB.atwhichC.therewhereD.when
59.Mysuggestionis_____weshouldsendafewcomradestohelpthem.
A.ifB.thatC.whenthatD.thatwhere
60.Theidea_____allpeopleareselfishiswrong.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if
61.Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwon.
A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.why
62.Thefact_____hehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.
A.whyB.ifC.thatD.whether
63.Ihavenoidea_____shewillbeback.
A.thatB.whereC.thatwhenD.when
64.Wemustkeepinmindthefact_____Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.
A.whetherB.thatC.whyD.when
65.Theyhavenoideaatall_____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego
C.wherehashegoneD.whichplacehehasgone

参考答案
语法复习三：名词性从句
一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1.which;2.why;3.how;4.What;5.that;6.when,where;7.who(m);8.what;9.where;10.whether
三、1~5DBABD6~10DBBCA11~15CABCC16~20BADAB21~25CDAAA
26~30CCCDB31~35ABCDB36~40BDACD41~45BCDBB46~50ADBAC
51~55CCBDA56~60ADABB61~65ACDBA

,000 will be given to can provide any clues to the case which has been investigated by the police for nearly half a year.

A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.who

2.(浙江省杭州市2011年高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)I wish there was more information about calories in restaurants. It would make it easier for me to know to eat.

A.how B.what C.when D.where

3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中2011届高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually, works hard can be they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.

A. anyone; whoever B. no matter who; whoever

C. whoever; no matter what D. whoever; whatever

4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学2011届高三模拟考试2, 11)Our new science teacher comes from either New York or Washington. But I can’t remember _______.

A. where B. there C. which D. that

5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校2011年高三联考,13)

-- I’ve read another book this week.

-- Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read ______ counts.

A. this; it B. that; which C. there; one D. it; that

6.(浙江省嵊州二中2011届高三12月月考 ,18)

—Mum, why do you keep staring at me? Have I done anything wrong?

—You look stupid! The way you are dressed is ________ annoys me most.

A. which B. where C. how D. what

7.(菱湖中学2009学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)They asked the teacher_____________.

A. when will they have the exam B. when we would have the exam

C. when they would have the exam D. when would they have the exam

8.(浙江省瑞安中学2010届高三暑期总结性测试,18)

—I’ve read another book this week.

—Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A .this B. that C. there D. it

9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学2010届高三第一次摸底考试,29) ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

A. However B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whatever

10.(浙江省杭州高级中学2010届高三上学期第一次月考14)Today impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of ______ we call “modern art”.

A. which B. what C. that D. how

扩展阅读

高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句

2010高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句
名词性从句考点概览：1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3.it作形式宾语的几种情况；4.that从句作介词宾语；5.宾语从句的否定转移；
6.whether和if的用法区别；7.what在名词性从句中的使用；8.doubt后的名词性从句的使用。
考纲明确要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
名词性从句一直很受高考命题者的关注，分析近五年来的名词性从句的考点，从出题者的角度，就是要考察名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，或使句子结构复杂化等使得难度增加。其实，总的难度和变化都不大。但是从考生的角度来说，如果考生对句子结构掌握不过硬，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就会容易造成和定语从句、状语从句的混淆，造成根本环节的误判而用其他从句的规则去解题。造成丢分，为此，在复习备考中教师可以按照如下要求做好指导：
1.扎实做好名词性从句基本用法的复习；
2．小心辨析，采用对比分析法，从结构和句意两方面分析定语从句和名词性从句，尤其是定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
2．从结构入手，分析名词性从句和状语从句之间的关系及区别。
3．加强名词性从句引导词各自意义，用法，特点的辨析。
4．加强长、难句的分析和理解练习。
名词性从句的用法
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
　以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
　连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.whichever,whomever
　连接副词：when,where,how,why
　不可省略的连词：
　1.介词后的连词
　2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
　Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.
　Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
　比较：
　whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：
　1.whether引导主语从句并在句首；
2.引导表语从句
　3.whether从句作介词宾语；
4.从句后有"ornot"
　Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
　大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
　Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.
　Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.具体分类
1、主语从句
　作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
　有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句
（2）It+be+形容词+that从句
（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…
Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…
Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?
Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。
Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用
不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：
TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
3、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
4、同位语从句
　同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
三、对比与用法
1、同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……
Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……
Itisknowntoallthat…　从所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识
Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-分句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……
Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　
你非走不可真是件憾事。
3、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

高考英语名词性从句语法复习

一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划，作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，减轻高中教师们在教学时的教学压力。高中教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高考英语名词性从句语法复习》，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

高中英语语法之名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,whichever,whomever
连接副词：when,where,how,why,howmany,howmuch,howoften
不可省略的连词：
1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
比较：whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有"ornot"
Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.主语从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句（2）It+be+形容词+that从句（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.
（2）Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.
（3）Whowillbeourmonitorhasntbeendecidedyet.
（4）Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.
（5）Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.
（6）Whateveryoudidisright.
（7）Whothewatchbelongstowaslostisunknown.
（8）Whatweneedistime.
（9）Whatweneedaregooddoctors.
小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.
（2）Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.
（3）Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.
（4）Itisstrangethatheshoulddothat.
（5）Itisimportantthatweallshouldattendthemeeting.
（6）Itisstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.
（7）Itisapitythatwewontbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.
（8）Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.
（9）Itissaidthathehasgonetoshanghai.(=Heissaidtohavegonetoshanghai)
（10）ItisknowntoallthatthegunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.
（11）Itissuggestedthattheworkshouldbedonewithgreatcare.
（12）Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.(=Heseemstohaveseenthefilm)
（13）Ithappenedthatthetwocheatswerethere.(=Thetwocheatshappenedtobethere)
小结:（1)以that引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.Itis+形容词/名词/某些动词ed+that从句.（2)在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+havedone)例句4,5,6,11.
3、主语从句的用法
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
2.用it作形式主语的结构
(1)Itis＋名词＋从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
(2)itis＋形容词＋从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
(3)it＋不及物动词＋从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
(4)itis＋过去分词＋从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)Itissaid,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.
(3)Ithappens…,Itoccurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.
(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?
4.What与that在引导主语从句时的区别
What引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
三、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试？Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
6.时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
7.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词：连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告诉我他明年上大学.
Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词：连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词：连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
8.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记
Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.　我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.　我每天写日记成了习惯.
Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,seeto.
Ihateitwhentheywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.我们认为你会同意我们的.
Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.
开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
9.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
10.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
IamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.
IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
11.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.（如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。）⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
12.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
1.当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;2.当宾语从句较长时;3.当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;4.当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;5.当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;6.当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;7.当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;8.当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;9.当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;10.在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
13.宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
14.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
四、表语从句
1、在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
2、简介
定义：A表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么[1]样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
Theproblemispuzzling.这问题令人困惑
主语连系动词形容词作表语
Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句
B连接表语从句的连接词有：that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how.
Hehasbecomeateacher.他已经成为一名教师。
Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
Shehasremainedthereforanhour.她曾在那里停留了一个小时。
ShehasremainedwhereIstoodyesterdayforanhour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
Hissuggestionisgood.他的建议是好的。
Hissuggestionisthatweshouldstaycalm.他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。
Thequestionisconfusing.这个问题令人困惑.
Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。
whowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。
whyhecriedyesterday.昨天他为什么哭。
howIcanpersuadehertojoinusintheparty.我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。
whethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.是否敌人正向我们行进.
注意：
A表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.
Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.
B不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句(asif例外）。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether
False:Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Itlookedasifhehadunderstoodthisquestion.
C不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.
Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.
Dthat在表语从句中不可以省掉。
3、基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如：Theproblemishowwecangetthethingsweneed.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)//ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)//WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)//ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)//Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意：“Thatiswhy...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如：Thatiswhyyouseethisoldwomanbeforeyouknow,Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“Thatiswhy...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Thatiswhy...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
(1)“Thatiswhy...”与“Thatisthereasonwhy...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“Thatisthereasonwhy...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与“Thatiswhy...”结构一样，例如：Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“Thatisbecause...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“Thatisbecause...”与“Thatiswhy...”之间的不同在于“Thatisbecause...”指原因或理由，“Thatiswhy...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)
Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)
五、同位语从句
1、同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、简介
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定",把关键的几个词背下来.
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：
I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）如：
lhavenoideawhenhewillbeback．我不知道他什么时候回来。
Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：
Severalyearslater，wordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
六、名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：Thatsheisstillaliveisherluck.　他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.　事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…　众所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-从句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
七、名词性wh-从句
1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who,whom,.whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：
主语：Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.　书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语：Inonesownhomeonecandowhatonelikes.　在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语：Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize.　俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语：MyquestioniswhowilltakeoverpresidentoftheFoundation.　我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语：Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto.她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位语：　Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.　我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语：Imnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.　我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语：　Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo.　
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.　还没决定谁做这项工作。
Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.　他们何时结婚依然不明。
八、if,whether引导的名词从句
1）yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同，例如：
主语：Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语：Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.　请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.　问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语：Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.　他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语：Shesdoubtfulwhetherweshallbeabletocome.　她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语：Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.　我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2）选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…ornot构成，例如：
Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
Idontcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
if和whether的区别：
1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如：
例8Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。
2、在whether……ornot的固定搭配中。如：
例9Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.我想知道是否是好消息。
3、在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhelosehiswork.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如：
Whetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydon’tknow.这是否真的，我真的不知道。
（例11Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。－－此例为主语从句，有误，感谢指出）
5、用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12Couldyoutellmeifyouknowtheanswer?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义.
九、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3)有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
Idontrememberhavingeverseensuchaman.　
我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语having…)
Itsnotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.
在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4)有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.　(否定状语)　蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.(否定because状语)他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。
Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatmansyoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.　(否定状语manyweeks)　她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。
十、高考热点透视
1.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为：ThatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageisafact.
2．Acomputercanonlydo____youhaveinstructedittodo．（NMET2001）
A．howB．afterC．whatD．when
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
3.Heasked____foraviolin．（MET1992）
A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid
答案：D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
4.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．（上海2001年春季招生）
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。”
5．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.(NMET1997)
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
答案B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A.however和D.whenever是不能作宾语的；排除A和D，whichever表示“无论哪一个，无论哪些”，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选B．whatever，表示“无论什么”。
6.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
答案C。本题句子的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词whoever引导的名词性从句，连接代词whoever可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anypersonwho或Thepersonwho,意为“一切……的人”。而anyone和theperson均非连词，不能引导从句，况wholeavestheroomlast意为“某个最后离开房间的人”，与题意不符，如果要选A.Anyone或B.Theperson，都必须在它们后面再加上引导定语从句的关系代词who。如果要选D.Who就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。
7.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.(Shanghai1995)
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
答案为C。本题句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D，从句中需要的是主语，所以whomever也不行。
8.----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)
A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where
答案A。根据语境，甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C,D均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境，下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？”
9.Istillremember______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.(NMET1993)
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
答案A。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语，排除D．what，而答案C,D均与题意不符，所以应选A．when。usedtobe表示一种过去存在的状态，本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”
10．Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas？（2001春季招生）
A．whereB．whatC．howD．which
答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”。
11.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatCwhenD.as(2001年上海)
答案B。该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact,news,promise,possibility,information,doubt,message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。
12.—Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.
—Iwonder______wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)
A、ifB、howC、whatD、that
答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。
十一、专项考点练习
1.________thattheyfoundanunusualplantintheforest.
A.ItissaidB.TheyaresaidC.ItsaidD.Itsays
答案A：句型Itissaidthat+主语从句。类似的还有Itisbelievedthat……etc
2._____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
答案A：观察此从句中缺少主语，而能在主语从句中即充当主语成分又引导的就只有what了
3.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
4.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn’tlike_____itusedtobe.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.which
5.____isnopossibility______Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,whether
6.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster____hehaddonethedaybefore.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.where
7.Theoldmansmiledwhenhesawhowpretty_____uptobeduringthepastfewyears.
A.hadhisdaughtergrownB.wouldhisdaughtergrow
C.hisdaughterwouldgrowD.hisdaughterhadgrown
8.HaveyouseenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_______.
A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalong
C.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong
9.____surprisedmemostwas_____suchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;what
10.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo______Icantosavethem.
A.whateverB.whichC.thatD.whichever
11._____helpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Theperson
12.Eat_____youlikeandleavetheothersfor_____comesinlate.
A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever
13.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that
14.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what
15.Itwasorderedthatallthesoldiers_______tothefront.
A.shouldsendB.mustbesentC.shouldbesentD.mustgo
16.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin______,but_______.
A.whichweget;whatgiveweB.whatweget;whatwegive
C.whichdoweget;whatdowegiveD.howweget;thatwegive
17.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion_______.
A.beputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoffD.istobeputoff
18.Goandgetyourcoat．Its____youleftit．
A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere
19.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
20.Youcan’timagine______whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere
C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
Keys:1---5AAAAA6---10CDABA11----15CCAAC16---20BAACB
名词性从句练习(一)
1.Hissuccesswasbecauseof________hehadbeenworkinghard.
A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact
2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idontknow_______."
A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecome
C.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrom
3.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
4.ThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas________anewjob.
A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot
5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
6.Henrykilledthedog.Illaskhimwhy________.
A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdoneso
7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.
A.howheisgettingalongB.howishegettingalong
C.whatheisgettingalongD.whatishegettingalong
8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
9.Heaskedme________withme.
A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitis
10.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat
11.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee
12.Iwonderhowmuch________.
A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostC.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcosts
13.Maryis________someonemightrecognizeher.
A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidfor
14.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminuteslate
C.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
15.Theycametotheconclusion________byacomputer.
A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneB.becauseofnotallthingsbedone
C.beingnotallthingscanbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedone
16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.
A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that
17.Idontdoubt________hellcome.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether
18."Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang""Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasit
19.Outputisnowsixtimes________itwasbeforeliberation.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich
20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshesnowbuyingabighouse.
Carol:Yes.Becauseshesalwayssaved________.
A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns
21._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which
22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.this
23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.
A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthat
24.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________
A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld
C.whenisthesportsmeettobeginD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace
25.Doyouhappentoknow________
A.whatsizeshoeshewearsB.howbigshoeshewears
C.whatisthesizeofhisshoesD.whatnumbershoesarehis
26.Thisbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.
A.howyouhaveobservedB.howwhatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
27.Wheredoyouthink________
A.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.hesgoneD.washe
28.Doyouknow________
A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworldB.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworld
C.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldis
29.Wouldyougoandsee________outsideA.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatthematterhadbeen
30.Thesubjectof"WhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.
A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.I
31.________IthinkheisCharles.
A.WhodoyouthinkheisB.Doyouthinkwhoheis
C.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis
32.Hedidntknowwhichroom________.
A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein
33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat
34.Thecityisnolonger________.
A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe
35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhat
36.______wegoswimmingeveryday_____usalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
37.________wastheidea_______thewifethoughtof
A.What...thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...how
38._______didhetellhiswife________hewishedtodo
A.That...whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...where
39.Oneofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat
40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."
A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatheris
42.Isthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsago
A.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich
43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
44.Weallknowthetruth________thereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.
A.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever
45.Theydiscussed_______theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothershelp.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
46.Sheasked________.
A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeup
C.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing
47.-MayIborrowthering-Youcantake_______youlike.
A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that
48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.
A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeautiful
49.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.
A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send
50.Doyouknow________heexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose
51.Itsuncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.
A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butfor
53.________istodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.WhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardC.WhatishardD.Allwhatishard
54.________theboydidnttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.
A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
55.Asthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestion________forawalkinthepark.
A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwegoD.thatwego
56.____wecantgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
57.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
58.Youcantimagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
59.____wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.
A.What…thatB.That…whatC.Why…thatD.If…what
61._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
62._______wellfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.
A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
63._______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrowsmeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
64._______hewontgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
65._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
66._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody
67._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
68.Threedayslater,wordcame________ourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.
A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where
69.Theproblemis________willgotothemeeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who
70.Itlooks_______itweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.like
71.Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
72.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why
73.Wethought_______strangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
74.Thefact_______shehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how
75.WhatImconsideringnow_________themoneyweneed.A.isB.areC.wereD.was
76.Canyoutellme__________A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman
77.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
78.Itiswellknown_________apersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.
A.thatwhat,when,andhowB.thatC.whatD.how
79.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such
80.Jackwassoontold________hedidwasnotnecessary.
A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhat
81.Weshouldthinkcarefullyabout________Mr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.X
82.Canyoupointout________tworadiosarethebestA.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether
83.Youwilleasilyknow________videorecorders(录相机)arethesame.
A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseC.thatallofD.whichofthose
84.________youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesntmatter.
A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.When
85.IaskedherinEnglish________shewas,andshetoldme________shewasanactress.
A.who…thatB.who…XC.what…XD.how…that
86.Shetookitforgranted________Idbebackhomeanhourago.
A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when
87.Wethinkitpossible________thelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.
A.forB.thatC.whenD.how
88.Nowthereisadanger________thegroundmayfallin(沉下)undertheheavytraffic.
A.whetherB.ifC.XD.that
89.AtthattimeIhadnoidea________Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.
A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathow
90.LastSundayhepromised________today,buthehasntappearedyet.A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcomeC.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcome
91.LastSundayhemadeapromise________hewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.
A.ifB.thatC.thatifD.whether
92.Doyouhaveanyidea________
A.whenMissSmithwillarriveB.whenwillMissSmitharrive
C.howwillMissSmitharriveD.whyhasntMissSmitharrived
93.Ihavealmostforgotten________.
A.howMr.TaylorslikeB.whatMr.Taylorsfaceislike
C.whatMr.TaylorsfaceisD.whichMr.Taylorsfaceislike
94.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin________,but________.
A.howyouget…thatyougiveB.whichyougotwhatyougive
C.whatyouget…whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget…whatdoyougive
95.Doyouknow________
A.whatisthisusedforB.whatthisisusedforC.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedfor
96.________surprisedmemostwas________.
A.That…thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What…howcouldshespeakJapanesesowell
C.What…thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That…whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell
97.________istodance.
A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.
C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMary
98.Weweregreatlyamusedby________.
A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldusC.whatyoutoldusD.thatyoutoldus
99.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom________.
A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect
100.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpected
C.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
答案：
1-5.CDCDB6-10.BABCD11-15.ADCCA16-20.DABCA21-25.BBDDA26-30.BCDCC31-35.ABCDC36-40.DABBC41-45.CCDDD46-50.ACBAA51-55.CCCAD56-60.ACBBA61-65DABCD66-70CACDB71-75CBBCA76-80CCCCD81-85BADBC86-90ABDBA91-95CABCB96-100CCCBD
名词性从句练习(二)
1.____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If
2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____
A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout
C.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout
3.Energyis____makesthingwork..A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that
4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when
6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone
7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatientsfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat
8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.
A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave
9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether
10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if
11.Is_____hesaidreallytrueA.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether
12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesntmatter.
A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where
13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for
14.____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.
A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If
15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If
16.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How
17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.
A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what
18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That
19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped
20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.
A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweekAthatBitChisDhe
24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat
25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday__usgood.
A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose
26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.
Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which
27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.
A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever
28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.
A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what
29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy
31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdont.
A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what
32.Whattimedoyouthink__
A.willTomcomebackB.TomwillcomebackC.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere
33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.
A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels
34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.Insomecountries,___arecalled"publicschools"arenotownedbythestate.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudontisaterriblemistake.
A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat
38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Whydontyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.Thatswhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.
A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever
C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however
41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace
42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because
43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether
44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet---No,Imnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.
A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why
45.Thedoctorcouldntanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what
46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.
A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat
47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice---___Iwaslastnight.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What
48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./
50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that
51.___hasagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Whoever
52.___ishardistodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.HeB.ItC.ThatD.What
53.___worriesmeis___weregoingtopayforallthis.
A.It;thatB.That;howC.What;howD.As;that
54.___issaidthatpaperwasinventedinChina.A.AsB.WhichC.ItD.That
55.Manypeoplethoughtlittleofme,butIdidwhat___.
A.IthoughtIwasrightB.IthoughtitwasrightC.IthoughtwasrightD.Iwasthoughtrighty
56.Themanagerhasdecidedtoput___hethinkisenergetic,clever,andhasgoodsenseofduty
inthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.
A.thosewhoB.anyoneC.whomeverD.whoever
57.ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberia
and___moretan10,000yearsago.
A.thisisAlaskaB.AlaskaisnowAlaskaC.isnowAlaskaD.whatisnowAlaska
58.Pleasetellme___youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee---blackorwhite
A.whatB.whereC.whichD.how
59.Mymotherasked___withme.
A.whatwasthewrongB.whatthematterwasC.whatmatterwasD.whatwasthematter
60.Someofthescientistsheldthepoint___thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatwhatB.whatwhatC.thatthatD.thatwhat
答案：
1-5ABABC6-10AABAC11-15BBCAB16-20BCBAA21-25BABAD26-30ADBCC31-35BBDBC36-40DCDDA41-45CBBBC46-50CCCBC51-55BDCCC56-60DDDDD

高考英语名词性从句专项复习

一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。怎么才能让教案写的更加全面呢？下面是由小编为大家整理的“高考英语名词性从句专项复习”，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！

英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题11名词性从句

一、概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的呼应等
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.
2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
从属连词：that,whether,if不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever.（作主、宾、表、补）
连接副词:
when,where,how,why,however,wherever（状）
主语从句的用法
一、主语从句在复合句中作主语,它可
以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放在
句末,句首则用形式主语it。
1．Thattheearthisroundistrue.
=Itistruethattheearthisround
2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.
=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.
注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）
WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.
(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)
Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldclosethedoor.
Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestsofthepeople.
3.常见的it作形式主语的结构
1）Itisafactthathewonthematch.
2）ItisnecessarythatwedostudytheEnglish.
3）Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
4）Itseemedthathewouldcomehere
基本句型结构常用词语
Itis+名词+that从句Itisafact/ashame/apity/nowonder/
goodnews/…that…

Itis+形容词+that从句Itisnecessary/strange/important/
possible/likely/…that…这类主语从
句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

Itis+过去分词+that从句Itissaid/reported/decided/known/
…that…

It+不及物动词+that从句Itseemed/happened/doesn’t
matter/hasturnedout/…that

二、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.
Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.
ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.
宾语从句的用法
句子结构：
主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句
1.Webelieve(that)heishonest.
2.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?
3.Idon’trememberwhenwearrived
4.Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.
5.weshouldthinkofhowwecandomoreforothers
在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。
Idon’tbelievehewillgo.
Wedon’texpectheiscoming.
Idon’tthinkhecandoit,canhe?
You/Theydon’tthinkhecandoit,dothey?
在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常接复合宾语的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think...
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.
Ithinkitapitytowastethefood
表语从句的用法
在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。
That’swhatweshoulddo.
That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.
ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.
1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句：
Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.
Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain
2.asif,because也可引导表语从句。
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.
ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.
3.在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:
Thetroubleis(that)heisill
注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.
同位语从句的用法
在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,doubt,questiondreamadvice,proofdecision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.
1.Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.
2.Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.
3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.
名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.
同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：
ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilled
thekingwithanarrow.
Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon
九大热点问题
1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1）.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.
2）.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.
3）.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.
4).Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical
同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步
说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、
限定前面的名词（相当于一个定语）。
e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatch
isencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）
2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.
（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
Choosethebestanswer
2.语序问题（名词性从句用陈述语序）
3.whetherif的区别
I.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouwillgotothelecturestomorrow.
II.Italldependsonwhethertheskywillclearup.
III.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmiswellworthseeing.
IV.Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?
V.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.
VI.Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostay.
A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后
B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后
C.引导主语从句，放句首
D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句
E.可与ornot直接连用
4.Whatthat的区别（在名词性从句中）
I.Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.
II.Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.
III.Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.
IV.Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.
V.ThereasonwasthatTodhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.

所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义能否省略
What缺什么；所……的
东西、事情否
that不缺无意义宾语从句中能省略

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况
1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：
（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；Ithink,hesaid,thatTomwillcome.
（B）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省；
（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉（很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but,beside,in后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用which，if连接）如：
Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.
Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.
6.Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别。
一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。
7.Where,when,why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。
Where,when,why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。
8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+whom”引导的定语从句的区别。
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：
Itwasamatterof____wouldtaketheposition.
A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever
9疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别。
①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.
Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.
②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,
Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.
③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.
Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.
w考点解析
名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。
that引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词；而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=allthat或sth.that
1.Themountainisnolonger____itusedtobe.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as
2.Thereismuchchance____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.
A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if
3.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.
A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which
4.Youcanonlybesureof_____youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.[2007安徽卷]
A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that
Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。
名词性从句中引导词whether与if的用法区别。
If在名从中可以用在：
1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句
2.当与ornot分开使用时Hewonderedif/whetherwewillattendthemeetingornot.
Whether所有名从都可以
1_____theflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayedis____I’mespeciallyworriedabout.
A.If;whatB.Whether;thatC.When;thatD.Whether;what
“(should)+do”
在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:
（1）Itisnecessary,(important,natural,strange,etc.)that...
（2）Itissuggested,(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that...
（3）一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，desire,require，request）。
（4）主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表“建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”。如:Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.
1.Iadvisedthathe_____tothehospitalatonce,butheinsistedthathe_____quitewellthen.
A.besent;wasfeelingB.wassent;sent
C.besent;feelD.shouldbesent;shouldfeel
名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。
Eg.Theyareteachersanddon’trealize______tostartandrunacompany.
A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakes
whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从；nomatterwho/which/what/when/where/how只能引导让步主语从句。
⑦—Haveanicetrip!—Thanks.I’lltelephoneyoufrom_____Igettobytomorrowevening.
A.whereverB.everyplaceC.wheneverD.nomatterwhere
that的用法
1.that引导从句小结
1.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.
　A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
2.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
　A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
3.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased____hewasamanofaction.
　A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether
4.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_______matters.
　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this
5.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_________weallagreedtoacceptit.
　A.soB.whatC.thatD.as
6____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because
2．that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略,但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。
如：Shesaid(that)shehadleftschoolandthatherparentswouldfindherajob.
3．介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。
Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
4.定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。
定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与which互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
例如：ThefootballstarHenryexpressedthehopethathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容；
ThehopethefootballstarHenryexpressedisthathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。
1.…Itsthirtyyearssincewelastmet.
…ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,____wegotlostonarainynight.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
2.Istillrememberthebignamesinthestories____mymothertoldmewhenIwasyoung.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.where

五年高考
A组全国高考题组
1.Imadeapromisetomyself______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.
A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how
名词性从句—同位语从句
C
that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。
2.34.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.
A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever
连词用法。
C
介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项
3.Scientistsstudy____humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.
A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether
B
本题考查名词性从句。
句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。
4.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimhehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A．whetherB．whereC．whichD．that
D
考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。
it作形式主语，真正的主语为thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。
5.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthemeetingwouldbepostponed.
A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how
名词性从句-同位语从句
B
句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词thenotice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。
6.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but
hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
B
首先把插入语generallyspeaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
考查名词性从句。
7.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.
A.howB.which
C.thatD.what
D
此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。
考查主语从句的连接词。
8.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whether
C.whatD.why
B
此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。
考查主语从句的连接词。
9.Wepromiseattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever
本句考查连词的辨析
C
首先本句考查的关键短语是promisesbsth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyonewho，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。
B组2008-全国高考题组
1.__________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.
A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom
B
考察名词性从句中的主语从句。
句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。
2.Thereisclearevidence_____themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.
A.whatB.ifC.howD.that
D
考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。
句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。
3.Iamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishesanything.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why
D
考查表语从句。
句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“whichis..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。
4.Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.
A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which
C
考察宾语从句和主语从句。
村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。
5.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.
A.thatB.howC.whenD.why
A
考查主语从句。
句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。
6.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.
A.thatB.howC.whoD.what
D
考查名词性从句。
句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语makeout引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。
7.—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?
—OK,youwant.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
C
本题考查引导词。
句意：“这个周末野营怎么样,来点新鲜的？”“好啊,按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
8.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether
B
本题考查主语从句的引导词。
根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。sideeffect意思是“副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是themedicinewillbringabout______sideeffect。故选择what,形容词“什么样的”,起修饰作用。
9.－Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?
－Noproblem.
A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what
B
考查同位语从句。
——你能到机场接我吗？——没问题。答案B。
10.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request___theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
A
考查宾语从句。
我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整,因此用that引导。答案A。
11.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one
A
考查宾语从句。
句中的from缺少宾语,what既引导了宾语从句,又充当了speak的宾语。
12.isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
B
考查主语从句。
分析题干结构“isknowntousall”是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语。如果选it,需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉isthat。
三年模拟
A组全国模拟题组
1．(浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)Itwasthetraining_______hehadatschool_______madehimgoodjumper．
A．what；whatB．that；that
C．what；thatD．that；had
2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学高三第一次月考试题,29)Wasitinthegarden______weusedtoworkin______thefamousactorsandactresseshadapicnic?
A.that;whereB.which;thatC.where;thatD.which;where
3.(浙江省慈溪中学高三10月月考,18)Anadvertisementisusefulin_______itletscustomersknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学高三12月月考,7)Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavenotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,________theyhavetheinterest.
A.whereverB.wheneverC.evenifD.asif
5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中高三下学期入学考试,11)______issurprisingisthattherearesomanyChineserestaurantsinToronto.
A.ItB.ThatC.SuchD.What
6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学高三上学期第三次月考,17)Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind.
A.That,whatB.That,whyC.What,whatD.What,why
7.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)
—NexttimeyouareinNewYork,camandvisitus,willyou?
—I’dliketoseeyouconvenient.
A．whateverB．whereverC．howeverD．whenever
8.(浙江省六校联盟高三第一次联考,9)ThenationalspiritslikebraveheartsshowedinthefilmTheFlowersofWarare______deeplymovedtheaudience.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
9.(浙江省宁波市高三上学期期末试题,3)
—Haveyoufinishedthebook?
—NO.Ivereadupto_______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.which
10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区高三高考适应性考试（3月）,15)
--What’syouridea?[
--Myopinionis_________happens,weshouldnotstopthereform.
A.when;whatB.that;whenC.that;whateverD.when;what
11.(浙江省瑞安中学高三上学期期末试题,10)
----Whendidthecoupledie?
----ItwasonMay12_______theearthquakehitWenchuanCounty.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what
12.(浙江省余姚中学高三第一次质检,7)
—DoyouthinkitwiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?
—No,that’s_____theyaremistaken.
A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.what
B组2010-全国模拟题组
1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)Arewardof

高三英语教案：《名词性从句复习》教学设计。

古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。高中教师要准备好教案，这是高中教师需要精心准备的。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，让高中教师能够快速的解决各种教学问题。你知道如何去写好一份优秀的高中教案呢？小编经过搜集和处理，为您提供高三英语教案：《名词性从句复习》教学设计，欢迎您阅读和收藏，并分享给身边的朋友！

本文题目：高三英语复习教案：名词性从句复习

【备考策略】

一、概念

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的 呼应等

Who will win the match is still unknown.

I want to know what he has told you.

The fact is that we have lost the game.

The news that we won the game is exciting.

2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

从属连词： that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分

连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever. (作主、宾、表、补)

连接副词:

when, where, how, why, however, wherever(状)

主语从句的用法

一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可

以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在

句末,句首则用形式主语it。

1.That the earth is round is true.

= It is true that the earth is round

2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.

= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.

注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句)

When he will go to America is not yet fixed.

(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)

Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.

Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.

3.常见的it作形式主语的结构

1)It is a fact that he won the match.

2)It is necessary that we do study the English.

3)It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.

4)It seemed that he would come here

基本句型结构 常用词语

It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/

good news/…that…

It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is necessary/strange/important/

possible/likely/…that…这类主语从

句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said/reported/decided/known/

…that…

It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesn’t

matter/has turned out/…that

二、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:

? It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

? It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

? It is in the morning that the murder took place.

? It is John that broke the window.

宾语从句的用法

句子结构：

主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句

1.We believe (that) he is honest.

2.Do you know what he said just now?

3.I don’t remember when we arrived

4.Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

5.we should think of how we can do more for others

在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。

I don’t believe he will go.

We don’t expect he is coming.

I don’t think he can do it, can he?

You /They don’t think he can do it ,do they?

在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

I think it a pity to waste the food

表语从句的用法

在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

That’s what we should do.

That’s why I want to see you.

The reason for my absence was that I was ill.

1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句：

My suggestion is that we should go shopping.

It seems that it is going to rain

2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It was because I got up late.

3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:

The trouble is (that) he is ill

注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.

同位语从句的用法

在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion,truth , hope , problem, information, belief, doubt, question dream advice, proof decision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.

1.The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.

2.I have no idea when they will go.

3.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.

名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.

同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：

The story goes that William Tell killed

the king with an arrow.

Word came that their team had won

九大热点问题

1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1).The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.

2).The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.

3).The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.

4).The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical

同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处

从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步

说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、

限定前面的名词(相当于一个定语)。

e.g. The news that our team has won the final match

is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。)

The news that you told us is really encouraging.

(从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)

引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。

e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分)

2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.

(that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。)

Choose the best answer

2.语序问题(名词性从句用陈述语序)

3.whetherif的区别

? I. Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow.

? II. It all depends on whether the sky will clear up.

? III. The question is whether the film is well worth seeing.

? IV. Can you tell me whether or not the train has left?

? V. Whether it is true remains a problem.

? VI. He doesn’t know whether to stay.

? A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后

? B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后

? C.引导主语从句，放句首

? D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句

? E. 可与or not 直接连用

4.Whatthat的区别(在名词性从句中)

? I. I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.

? II. His mother is satisfied with what he has done.

? III. That he was able to come made us happy.

? IV. This is what makes us interested.

? V. The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before.

?

? ? 所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语 ? 汉语意义 ? 能否省略

? What ? 缺? ? 什么;所……的

? 东西、事情? ? 否?

? that ? 不缺? ? 无意义? ? 宾语从句中能省略

?

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况

1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略;I think ,he said,that Tom will come.

(B)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省;

(C)当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉(很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but ,beside ,in 后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用 which， if连接)如：

Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.

6.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。

一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。

7.Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。

Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。

8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别。

介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：

It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

9疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。

①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：

Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.

You can choose whatever you like in the shop.

②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：

Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,

Whatever you do, you must do it well.

③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well.

No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.

w考点解析

【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。

that 引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词;而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=all that或sth. that

1.The mountain is no longer ____ it used to be.

A. which B. that C. what D. as

2.There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that B. which C. until D. if

3.The thought of going back home was _____kept him happy while he was working abroad.

A.that B.all that C.all what D.which

4.You can only be sure of_____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future. [2007 安徽卷]

A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that

Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。

【考点2】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。

If 在名从中可以用在：

1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句

2. 当与or not分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.

Whether所有名从都可以

1 _____ the flight to New York will be delayed is ____ I’m especially worried about.

A. If ; what B. Whether ; that C. When ; that D. Whether ; what

【考点3】“(should) + do”

在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:

(1) It is necessary, (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...

(2) It is suggested,(requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...

(3)一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三建议(suggest，advise，propose)、四要求(demand，desire, require，request)。

(4) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表 “建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) + do”。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.

1. I advised that he _____ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _____ quite well then.

A. be sent; was feeling B. was sent; sent

C. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel

【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。

Eg. They are teachers and don’t realize ______ to start and run a company.

A. what takes it B. what they take C. what takes them D. what it takes

【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从;no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how只能引导让步主语从句。

⑦ —Have a nice trip! — Thanks. I’ll telephone you from _____ I get to by tomorrow evening.

A. wherever B. every place C. whenever D. no matter where

【考点6】that的用法

1.that 引导从句小结

1.A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

2.Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

3.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

4.It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters.

A. that B. what C. which D. this

5.His plan was such a good one _________ we all agreed to accept it.

A. so B.what C. that D. as

6 ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What / because B. What / that C. That / what D. That / because

2.that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。

如：She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.

3.介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。

The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

4. 定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。

定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与 which 互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分;而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。

例如：The football star Henry expressed the hope that he would come to visit China again in 2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容;

The hope the football star Henry expressed is that he would come to visit China again in 2008. 定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。

1. …It's thirty years since we last met.

…But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

2. I still remember the big names in the stories ____ my mother told me when I was young. A. when B. that C. what D. where

五年高考

A组 2012年全国高考题组

1.【2012浙江卷,4】 I made a promise to myself______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

A. whether B. what C. that D. how

【考点】名词性从句—同位语从句

【答案】C

【解析】that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。

2.【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.

A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever

【考点】连词用法。

【答案】C

【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项

3.【2012四川卷,17】 Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.

A. when B. how C. that D. whether

【答案】 B

【考点】本题考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。

4.【2012江西卷,25】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

A.whether B.where C.which D.that

【答案】D

【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。

【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

5.【2012江苏卷,27】 The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.

A. when B. that C. whether D. how

【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句

【答案】B

【解析】句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。

6.【2012安徽卷,27】The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but

he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

A. where B. whether C. that D. why

【答案】B

【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.

【考点】考查名词性从句。

7.【2012全国新课程,24】 It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.

A. how B. which

C. that D. what

【答案】D

【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

8.【2012山东卷,25】 It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how B. whether

C. what D. why

【答案】B

【解析】此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。

【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。

9.【2012福建卷,35】We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

【考点】本句考查连词的辨析

【答案】C

【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。

B组 2008-2011年全国高考题组

1.【2011北京卷 22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom

【答案】B

【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。

【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。

2.【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.

A. what B. if C. how D. that

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。

【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。

3.【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.

A. that B. when C. where D. why

【答案】D

【考点】考查表语从句。

【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。

4.【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

【答案】C

【考点】考察宾语从句和主语从句。

【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。

5.【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

A. that B. how C. when D. why

【答案】A

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。

6.【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.

A. that B. how C. who D. what

【答案】D

【考点】考查名词性从句。

【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分;how作方式状语;who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。

7.【10浙江】—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?

—OK, you want.

A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever

【答案】C

【考点】本题考查引导词。

【解析】句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的?” “好啊, 按你的意思吧!”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。

8.【10浙江】It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A. that B. what C. how D. whether

【答案】B

【考点】本题考查主语从句的引导词。

【解析】根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what, 形容词 “什么样的”, 起修饰作用。

9.【09浙江】-Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?

-No problem.

A. When B. that C. whether D. what

【答案】B

【考点】考查同位语从句。

【解析】——你能到机场接我吗?——没问题。答案B。

10.【09重庆】We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整, 因此用that引导。答案A。

11.【08浙江】Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.

A. what B. that C. which D. one

【答案】A

【考点】考查宾语从句。

【解析】句中的from缺少宾语, what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak的宾语。

12.【08福建】 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

【答案】B

【考点】考查主语从句。

【解析】分析题干结构 “ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。

三年模拟

A组 2012年全国模拟题组

1.(2012届浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)It was the training _______ he had at school _______ made him good jumper.

A.what;what B.that;that

C.what;that D.that;had

2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学2012届高三第一次月考试题,29)Was it in the garden______ we used to work in______ the famous actors and actresses had a picnic?

A. t hat; where B. which; that C. where; that D. which; where

3.(浙江省慈溪中学2012届高三10月月考,18)An advertisement is useful in _______ it lets customers know of the kinds of goods in the shops.

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学2012届高三12月月考,7)The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, ________ they have the interest.

A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if

5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中2012届高三下学期入学考试,11)______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.

A. It B. That C. Such D. What

6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学2012届高三上学期第三次月考,17) I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind.

A. That, what B. That, why C. What, what D. What, why

7.(浙江省杭州市2012届高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)

—Next time you are in New York, cam and visit us, will you?

—I’d like to see you convenient.

A.whatever B.wherever C.however D.whenever

8.(浙江省六校联盟2012届高三第一次联考,9)The national spirits like brave hearts showed in the film The Flowers of War are ______ deeply moved the audience.

A. which B. that C. what D. who[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]

9.(浙江省宁波市2012届高三上学期期末试题,3)

—Have you finished the book?

—NO. I've read up to _______ the children discover the secret cave.

A. where B. what C. that D. which

10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区2012届高三高考适应性考试(3月),15)

--What’s your idea?[

--My opinion is _________happens, we should not stop the reform.

A. when; what B. that; when C. that; whatever D. when ; what

11.(浙江省瑞安中学2012届高三上学期期末试题,10)

---- When did the couple die?

---- It was on May 12 _______ the earthquake hit Wenchuan County.

A. that B. which C. when D. what

12.(浙江省余姚中学2012届高三第一次质检,7)

—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?

—No, that’s _____ they are mistaken.

A. where B. when C. in which D. what

B组 2010-2011年全国模拟题组

1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)A reward of $1,000 will be given to can provide any clues to the case which has been investigated by the police for nearly half a year.

A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.who

2.(浙江省杭州市2011年高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)I wish there was more information about calories in restaurants. It would make it easier for me to know to eat.

A.how B.what C.when D.where

3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中2011届高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually, works hard can be they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.

A. anyone; whoever B. no matter who; whoever

C. whoever; no matter what D. whoever; whatever

4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学2011届高三模拟考试2, 11)Our new science teacher comes from either New York or Washington. But I can’t remember _______.

A. where B. there C. which D. that

5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校2011年高三联考,13)

-- I’ve read another book this week.

-- Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read ______ counts.

A. this; it B. that; which C. there; one D. it; that

6.(浙江省嵊州二中2011届高三12月月考 ,18)

—Mum, why do you keep staring at me? Have I done anything wrong?

—You look stupid! The way you are dressed is ________ annoys me most.

A. which B. where C. how D. what

7.(菱湖中学2009学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)They asked the teacher_____________.

A. when will they have the exam B. when we would have the exam

C. when they would have the exam D. when would they have the exam

8.(浙江省瑞安中学2010届高三暑期总结性测试,18)

—I’ve read another book this week.

—Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A .this B. that C. there D. it

9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学2010届高三第一次摸底考试,29) ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

A. However B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whatever

10.(浙江省杭州高级中学2010届高三上学期第一次月考14)Today impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of ______ we call “modern art”.

A. which B. what C. that D. how

扩展阅读

高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句

2010高考二轮复习英语教案:名词性从句
名词性从句考点概览：1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3.it作形式宾语的几种情况；4.that从句作介词宾语；5.宾语从句的否定转移；
6.whether和if的用法区别；7.what在名词性从句中的使用；8.doubt后的名词性从句的使用。
考纲明确要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
名词性从句一直很受高考命题者的关注，分析近五年来的名词性从句的考点，从出题者的角度，就是要考察名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，或使句子结构复杂化等使得难度增加。其实，总的难度和变化都不大。但是从考生的角度来说，如果考生对句子结构掌握不过硬，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就会容易造成和定语从句、状语从句的混淆，造成根本环节的误判而用其他从句的规则去解题。造成丢分，为此，在复习备考中教师可以按照如下要求做好指导：
1.扎实做好名词性从句基本用法的复习；
2．小心辨析，采用对比分析法，从结构和句意两方面分析定语从句和名词性从句，尤其是定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
2．从结构入手，分析名词性从句和状语从句之间的关系及区别。
3．加强名词性从句引导词各自意义，用法，特点的辨析。
4．加强长、难句的分析和理解练习。
名词性从句的用法
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
　以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
　连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.whichever,whomever
　连接副词：when,where,how,why
　不可省略的连词：
　1.介词后的连词
　2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
　Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.
　Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
　比较：
　whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：
　1.whether引导主语从句并在句首；
2.引导表语从句
　3.whether从句作介词宾语；
4.从句后有"ornot"
　Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
　大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
　Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.
　Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.具体分类
1、主语从句
　作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
　有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句
（2）It+be+形容词+that从句
（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…
Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…
Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?
Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。
Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用
不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：
TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
3、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
4、同位语从句
　同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
三、对比与用法
1、同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……
Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……
Itisknowntoallthat…　从所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识
Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-分句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……
Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　
你非走不可真是件憾事。
3、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

高考英语名词性从句语法复习

一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划，作为高中教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生能够在教学期间跟着互动起来，减轻高中教师们在教学时的教学压力。高中教案的内容要写些什么更好呢？下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高考英语名词性从句语法复习》，欢迎大家阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。

高中英语语法之名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,whichever,whomever
连接副词：when,where,how,why,howmany,howmuch,howoften
不可省略的连词：
1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
比较：whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有"ornot"
Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。
Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.
二.主语从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It+be+名词+that从句（2）It+be+形容词+that从句（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句（4）It+不及物动词+that从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
2、第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.
（2）Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.
（3）Whowillbeourmonitorhasntbeendecidedyet.
（4）Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.
（5）Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.
（6）Whateveryoudidisright.
（7）Whothewatchbelongstowaslostisunknown.
（8）Whatweneedistime.
（9）Whatweneedaregooddoctors.
小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.
（2）Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.
（3）Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.
（4）Itisstrangethatheshoulddothat.
（5）Itisimportantthatweallshouldattendthemeeting.
（6）Itisstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.
（7）Itisapitythatwewontbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.
（8）Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.
（9）Itissaidthathehasgonetoshanghai.(=Heissaidtohavegonetoshanghai)
（10）ItisknowntoallthatthegunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.
（11）Itissuggestedthattheworkshouldbedonewithgreatcare.
（12）Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.(=Heseemstohaveseenthefilm)
（13）Ithappenedthatthetwocheatswerethere.(=Thetwocheatshappenedtobethere)
小结:（1)以that引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.Itis+形容词/名词/某些动词ed+that从句.（2)在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+havedone)例句4,5,6,11.
3、主语从句的用法
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
2.用it作形式主语的结构
(1)Itis＋名词＋从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
(2)itis＋形容词＋从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
(3)it＋不及物动词＋从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
(4)itis＋过去分词＋从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)Itissaid,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.
(3)Ithappens…,Itoccurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.
(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?
4.What与that在引导主语从句时的区别
What引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
三、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试？Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如：
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
6.时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
7.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词：连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告诉我他明年上大学.
Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词：连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词：连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
8.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记
Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.　我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.　我每天写日记成了习惯.
Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,seeto.
Ihateitwhentheywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.我们认为你会同意我们的.
Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.
开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
9.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
10.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
IamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.
IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
11.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.（如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。）⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
12.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
1.当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;2.当宾语从句较长时;3.当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;4.当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;5.当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;6.当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;7.当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;8.当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;9.当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;10.在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
13.宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
14.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
四、表语从句
1、在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。例如：
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。
Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。
Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
2、简介
定义：A表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么[1]样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
Theproblemispuzzling.这问题令人困惑
主语连系动词形容词作表语
Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句
B连接表语从句的连接词有：that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how.
Hehasbecomeateacher.他已经成为一名教师。
Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
Shehasremainedthereforanhour.她曾在那里停留了一个小时。
ShehasremainedwhereIstoodyesterdayforanhour.她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。
Hissuggestionisgood.他的建议是好的。
Hissuggestionisthatweshouldstaycalm.他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。
Thequestionisconfusing.这个问题令人困惑.
Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。
whowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京。
whyhecriedyesterday.昨天他为什么哭。
howIcanpersuadehertojoinusintheparty.我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对。
whethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.是否敌人正向我们行进.
注意：
A表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.
Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.
B不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句(asif例外）。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether
False:Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.
Right:Itlookedasifhehadunderstoodthisquestion.
C不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.
Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.
Dthat在表语从句中不可以省掉。
3、基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如：Theproblemishowwecangetthethingsweneed.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)//ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)//WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)//ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)//Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意：“Thatiswhy...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如：Thatiswhyyouseethisoldwomanbeforeyouknow,Jeanne.珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“Thatiswhy...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Thatiswhy...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
(1)“Thatiswhy...”与“Thatisthereasonwhy...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“Thatisthereasonwhy...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与“Thatiswhy...”结构一样，例如：Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“Thatisbecause...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“Thatisbecause...”与“Thatiswhy...”之间的不同在于“Thatisbecause...”指原因或理由，“Thatiswhy...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如：Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因)
Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)
五、同位语从句
1、同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。
ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
2、简介
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定",把关键的几个词背下来.
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：
I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句。）如：
lhavenoideawhenhewillbeback．我不知道他什么时候回来。
Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：
Severalyearslater，wordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
六、名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：Thatsheisstillaliveisherluck.　他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.　事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
Itisnecessarythat…　有必要……Itisimportantthat…　重要的是……
Itisobviousthat…　很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
Itisbelievedthat…　人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…　众所周知……
Ithasbeendecidedthat…　已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
Itiscommonknowledgethat…　……是常识Itisasurprisethat…　令人惊奇的是……
Itisafactthat…　事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-从句
Itappearsthat…　似乎……Ithappensthat…　碰巧……
Itoccurredtomethat…　我突然想起……
七、名词性wh-从句
1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who,whom,.whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：
主语：Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.　书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语：Inonesownhomeonecandowhatonelikes.　在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语：Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize.　俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语：MyquestioniswhowilltakeoverpresidentoftheFoundation.　我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语：Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto.她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位语：　Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.　我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语：Imnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.　我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语：　Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo.　
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：
Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.　还没决定谁做这项工作。
Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.　他们何时结婚依然不明。
八、if,whether引导的名词从句
1）yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同，例如：
主语：Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语：Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.　请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.　问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语：Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.　他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语：Shesdoubtfulwhetherweshallbeabletocome.　她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语：Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.　我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2）选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…ornot构成，例如：
Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
Idontcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
if和whether的区别：
1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如：
例8Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。
2、在whether……ornot的固定搭配中。如：
例9Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.我想知道是否是好消息。
3、在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhelosehiswork.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如：
Whetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydon’tknow.这是否真的，我真的不知道。
（例11Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。－－此例为主语从句，有误，感谢指出）
5、用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12Couldyoutellmeifyouknowtheanswer?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义.
九、否定转移
1)将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
IdontthinkIknowyou.　我想我并不认识你。
Idontbelievehewillcome.　我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
Ihopeyouwerentill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem,appear等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
Itdoesntseemthattheyknowwheretogo.看来他们不知道往哪去。
Itdoesntappearthatwellhaveasunnydaytomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3)有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
Idontrememberhavingeverseensuchaman.　
我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语having…)
Itsnotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.
在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4)有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.　(否定状语)　蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.(否定because状语)他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。
Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatmansyoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.　(否定状语manyweeks)　她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。
十、高考热点透视
1.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为：ThatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageisafact.
2．Acomputercanonlydo____youhaveinstructedittodo．（NMET2001）
A．howB．afterC．whatD．when
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
3.Heasked____foraviolin．（MET1992）
A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid
答案：D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
4.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．（上海2001年春季招生）
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。”
5．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.(NMET1997)
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
答案B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A.however和D.whenever是不能作宾语的；排除A和D，whichever表示“无论哪一个，无论哪些”，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选B．whatever，表示“无论什么”。
6.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
答案C。本题句子的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词whoever引导的名词性从句，连接代词whoever可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于anypersonwho或Thepersonwho,意为“一切……的人”。而anyone和theperson均非连词，不能引导从句，况wholeavestheroomlast意为“某个最后离开房间的人”，与题意不符，如果要选A.Anyone或B.Theperson，都必须在它们后面再加上引导定语从句的关系代词who。如果要选D.Who就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。
7.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.(Shanghai1995)
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
答案为C。本题句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D，从句中需要的是主语，所以whomever也不行。
8.----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)
A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where
答案A。根据语境，甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C,D均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境，下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？”
9.Istillremember______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.(NMET1993)
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
答案A。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语，排除D．what，而答案C,D均与题意不符，所以应选A．when。usedtobe表示一种过去存在的状态，本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”
10．Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas？（2001春季招生）
A．whereB．whatC．howD．which
答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”。
11.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatCwhenD.as(2001年上海)
答案B。该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact,news,promise,possibility,information,doubt,message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。
12.—Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.
—Iwonder______wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)
A、ifB、howC、whatD、that
答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。
十一、专项考点练习
1.________thattheyfoundanunusualplantintheforest.
A.ItissaidB.TheyaresaidC.ItsaidD.Itsays
答案A：句型Itissaidthat+主语从句。类似的还有Itisbelievedthat……etc
2._____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
答案A：观察此从句中缺少主语，而能在主语从句中即充当主语成分又引导的就只有what了
3.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
4.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn’tlike_____itusedtobe.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.which
5.____isnopossibility______Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,whether
6.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster____hehaddonethedaybefore.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.where
7.Theoldmansmiledwhenhesawhowpretty_____uptobeduringthepastfewyears.
A.hadhisdaughtergrownB.wouldhisdaughtergrow
C.hisdaughterwouldgrowD.hisdaughterhadgrown
8.HaveyouseenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_______.
A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalong
C.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong
9.____surprisedmemostwas_____suchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;what
10.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo______Icantosavethem.
A.whateverB.whichC.thatD.whichever
11._____helpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Theperson
12.Eat_____youlikeandleavetheothersfor_____comesinlate.
A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever
13.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that
14.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what
15.Itwasorderedthatallthesoldiers_______tothefront.
A.shouldsendB.mustbesentC.shouldbesentD.mustgo
16.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin______,but_______.
A.whichweget;whatgiveweB.whatweget;whatwegive
C.whichdoweget;whatdowegiveD.howweget;thatwegive
17.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion_______.
A.beputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoffD.istobeputoff
18.Goandgetyourcoat．Its____youleftit．
A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere
19.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.
A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
20.Youcan’timagine______whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere
C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
Keys:1---5AAAAA6---10CDABA11----15CCAAC16---20BAACB
名词性从句练习(一)
1.Hissuccesswasbecauseof________hehadbeenworkinghard.
A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact
2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idontknow_______."
A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecome
C.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrom
3.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
4.ThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas________anewjob.
A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot
5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
6.Henrykilledthedog.Illaskhimwhy________.
A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdoneso
7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.
A.howheisgettingalongB.howishegettingalong
C.whatheisgettingalongD.whatishegettingalong
8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
9.Heaskedme________withme.
A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitis
10.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat
11.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee
12.Iwonderhowmuch________.
A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostC.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcosts
13.Maryis________someonemightrecognizeher.
A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidfor
14.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminuteslate
C.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
15.Theycametotheconclusion________byacomputer.
A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneB.becauseofnotallthingsbedone
C.beingnotallthingscanbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedone
16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.
A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that
17.Idontdoubt________hellcome.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether
18."Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang""Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasit
19.Outputisnowsixtimes________itwasbeforeliberation.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich
20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshesnowbuyingabighouse.
Carol:Yes.Becauseshesalwayssaved________.
A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns
21._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which
22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.this
23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.
A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthat
24.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________
A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld
C.whenisthesportsmeettobeginD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace
25.Doyouhappentoknow________
A.whatsizeshoeshewearsB.howbigshoeshewears
C.whatisthesizeofhisshoesD.whatnumbershoesarehis
26.Thisbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.
A.howyouhaveobservedB.howwhatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
27.Wheredoyouthink________
A.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.hesgoneD.washe
28.Doyouknow________
A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworldB.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworld
C.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldis
29.Wouldyougoandsee________outsideA.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatthematterhadbeen
30.Thesubjectof"WhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.
A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.I
31.________IthinkheisCharles.
A.WhodoyouthinkheisB.Doyouthinkwhoheis
C.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis
32.Hedidntknowwhichroom________.
A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein
33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat
34.Thecityisnolonger________.
A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe
35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhat
36.______wegoswimmingeveryday_____usalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
37.________wastheidea_______thewifethoughtof
A.What...thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...how
38._______didhetellhiswife________hewishedtodo
A.That...whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...where
39.Oneofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat
40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."
A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatheris
42.Isthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsago
A.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich
43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
44.Weallknowthetruth________thereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.
A.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever
45.Theydiscussed_______theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothershelp.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
46.Sheasked________.
A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeup
C.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing
47.-MayIborrowthering-Youcantake_______youlike.
A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that
48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.
A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeautiful
49.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.
A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send
50.Doyouknow________heexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose
51.Itsuncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.
A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butfor
53.________istodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.WhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardC.WhatishardD.Allwhatishard
54.________theboydidnttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.
A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
55.Asthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestion________forawalkinthepark.
A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwegoD.thatwego
56.____wecantgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
57.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
58.Youcantimagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
59.____wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.
A.What…thatB.That…whatC.Why…thatD.If…what
61._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
62._______wellfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.
A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
63._______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrowsmeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
64._______hewontgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
65._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
66._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody
67._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
68.Threedayslater,wordcame________ourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.
A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where
69.Theproblemis________willgotothemeeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who
70.Itlooks_______itweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.like
71.Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
72.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why
73.Wethought_______strangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
74.Thefact_______shehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how
75.WhatImconsideringnow_________themoneyweneed.A.isB.areC.wereD.was
76.Canyoutellme__________A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman
77.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
78.Itiswellknown_________apersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.
A.thatwhat,when,andhowB.thatC.whatD.how
79.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such
80.Jackwassoontold________hedidwasnotnecessary.
A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhat
81.Weshouldthinkcarefullyabout________Mr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.X
82.Canyoupointout________tworadiosarethebestA.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether
83.Youwilleasilyknow________videorecorders(录相机)arethesame.
A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseC.thatallofD.whichofthose
84.________youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesntmatter.
A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.When
85.IaskedherinEnglish________shewas,andshetoldme________shewasanactress.
A.who…thatB.who…XC.what…XD.how…that
86.Shetookitforgranted________Idbebackhomeanhourago.
A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when
87.Wethinkitpossible________thelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.
A.forB.thatC.whenD.how
88.Nowthereisadanger________thegroundmayfallin(沉下)undertheheavytraffic.
A.whetherB.ifC.XD.that
89.AtthattimeIhadnoidea________Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.
A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathow
90.LastSundayhepromised________today,buthehasntappearedyet.A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcomeC.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcome
91.LastSundayhemadeapromise________hewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.
A.ifB.thatC.thatifD.whether
92.Doyouhaveanyidea________
A.whenMissSmithwillarriveB.whenwillMissSmitharrive
C.howwillMissSmitharriveD.whyhasntMissSmitharrived
93.Ihavealmostforgotten________.
A.howMr.TaylorslikeB.whatMr.Taylorsfaceislike
C.whatMr.TaylorsfaceisD.whichMr.Taylorsfaceislike
94.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin________,but________.
A.howyouget…thatyougiveB.whichyougotwhatyougive
C.whatyouget…whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget…whatdoyougive
95.Doyouknow________
A.whatisthisusedforB.whatthisisusedforC.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedfor
96.________surprisedmemostwas________.
A.That…thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What…howcouldshespeakJapanesesowell
C.What…thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That…whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell
97.________istodance.
A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.
C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMary
98.Weweregreatlyamusedby________.
A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldusC.whatyoutoldusD.thatyoutoldus
99.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom________.
A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect
100.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpected
C.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
答案：
1-5.CDCDB6-10.BABCD11-15.ADCCA16-20.DABCA21-25.BBDDA26-30.BCDCC31-35.ABCDC36-40.DABBC41-45.CCDDD46-50.ACBAA51-55.CCCAD56-60.ACBBA61-65DABCD66-70CACDB71-75CBBCA76-80CCCCD81-85BADBC86-90ABDBA91-95CABCB96-100CCCBD
名词性从句练习(二)
1.____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If
2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____
A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout
C.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout
3.Energyis____makesthingwork..A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that
4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when
6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone
7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatientsfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat
8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.
A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave
9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether
10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if
11.Is_____hesaidreallytrueA.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether
12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesntmatter.
A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where
13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for
14.____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.
A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If
15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If
16.____youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How
17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.
A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what
18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That
19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped
20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.
A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweekAthatBitChisDhe
24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat
25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday__usgood.
A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose
26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.
Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which
27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.
A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever
28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.
A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what
29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy
31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdont.
A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what
32.Whattimedoyouthink__
A.willTomcomebackB.TomwillcomebackC.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere
33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.
A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels
34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.Insomecountries,___arecalled"publicschools"arenotownedbythestate.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudontisaterriblemistake.
A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat
38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Whydontyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.Thatswhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.
A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever
C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however
41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace
42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because
43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether
44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet---No,Imnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.
A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why
45.Thedoctorcouldntanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what
46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.
A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat
47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice---___Iwaslastnight.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What
48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./
50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that
51.___hasagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Whoever
52.___ishardistodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.
A.HeB.ItC.ThatD.What
53.___worriesmeis___weregoingtopayforallthis.
A.It;thatB.That;howC.What;howD.As;that
54.___issaidthatpaperwasinventedinChina.A.AsB.WhichC.ItD.That
55.Manypeoplethoughtlittleofme,butIdidwhat___.
A.IthoughtIwasrightB.IthoughtitwasrightC.IthoughtwasrightD.Iwasthoughtrighty
56.Themanagerhasdecidedtoput___hethinkisenergetic,clever,andhasgoodsenseofduty
inthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.
A.thosewhoB.anyoneC.whomeverD.whoever
57.ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberia
and___moretan10,000yearsago.
A.thisisAlaskaB.AlaskaisnowAlaskaC.isnowAlaskaD.whatisnowAlaska
58.Pleasetellme___youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee---blackorwhite
A.whatB.whereC.whichD.how
59.Mymotherasked___withme.
A.whatwasthewrongB.whatthematterwasC.whatmatterwasD.whatwasthematter
60.Someofthescientistsheldthepoint___thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatwhatB.whatwhatC.thatthatD.thatwhat
答案：
1-5ABABC6-10AABAC11-15BBCAB16-20BCBAA21-25BABAD26-30ADBCC31-35BBDBC36-40DCDDA41-45CBBBC46-50CCCBC51-55BDCCC56-60DDDDD

高考英语名词性从句专项复习

一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。怎么才能让教案写的更加全面呢？下面是由小编为大家整理的“高考英语名词性从句专项复习”，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！

英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题11名词性从句

一、概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的呼应等
Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.
Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.
Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.
2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
从属连词：that,whether,if不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever.（作主、宾、表、补）
连接副词:
when,where,how,why,however,wherever（状）
主语从句的用法
一、主语从句在复合句中作主语,它可
以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放在
句末,句首则用形式主语it。
1．Thattheearthisroundistrue.
=Itistruethattheearthisround
2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.
=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.
注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）
WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.
(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)
Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldclosethedoor.
Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestsofthepeople.
3.常见的it作形式主语的结构
1）Itisafactthathewonthematch.
2）ItisnecessarythatwedostudytheEnglish.
3）Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
4）Itseemedthathewouldcomehere
基本句型结构常用词语
Itis+名词+that从句Itisafact/ashame/apity/nowonder/
goodnews/…that…

Itis+形容词+that从句Itisnecessary/strange/important/
possible/likely/…that…这类主语从
句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形

Itis+过去分词+that从句Itissaid/reported/decided/known/
…that…

It+不及物动词+that从句Itseemed/happened/doesn’t
matter/hasturnedout/…that

二、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.
Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.
ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.
宾语从句的用法
句子结构：
主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句
1.Webelieve(that)heishonest.
2.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?
3.Idon’trememberwhenwearrived
4.Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.
5.weshouldthinkofhowwecandomoreforothers
在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。
Idon’tbelievehewillgo.
Wedon’texpectheiscoming.
Idon’tthinkhecandoit,canhe?
You/Theydon’tthinkhecandoit,dothey?
在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常接复合宾语的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think...
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.
Ithinkitapitytowastethefood
表语从句的用法
在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。
That’swhatweshoulddo.
That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.
ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.
1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句：
Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.
Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain
2.asif,because也可引导表语从句。
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.
ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.
3.在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:
Thetroubleis(that)heisill
注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.
同位语从句的用法
在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,doubt,questiondreamadvice,proofdecision等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.
1.Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.
2.Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.
3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.
名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.
同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：
ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilled
thekingwithanarrow.
Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon
九大热点问题
1..同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1）.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.
2）.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.
3）.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.
4).Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical
同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步
说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、
限定前面的名词（相当于一个定语）。
e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatch
isencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）
Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.
（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）
2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.
（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）
Choosethebestanswer
2.语序问题（名词性从句用陈述语序）
3.whetherif的区别
I.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouwillgotothelecturestomorrow.
II.Italldependsonwhethertheskywillclearup.
III.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmiswellworthseeing.
IV.Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?
V.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.
VI.Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostay.
A.引导宾语从句，位于及物动词后
B.引导宾语从句，位于介词后
C.引导主语从句，放句首
D.引导表语从句，主语从句或同位语从句
E.可与ornot直接连用
4.Whatthat的区别（在名词性从句中）
I.Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.
II.Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.
III.Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.
IV.Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.
V.ThereasonwasthatTodhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.

所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义能否省略
What缺什么；所……的
东西、事情否
that不缺无意义宾语从句中能省略

5..that引导名词性从句的省略情况
1)that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
2)宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：
（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；Ithink,hesaid,thatTomwillcome.
（B）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时(或带两个以上宾语从句)，that不能省；
（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉（很少在介词后引导宾从，只在except,but,beside,in后才用。介词后一般用what,whether连接，不用which，if连接）如：
Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.
Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.
6.Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别。
一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。
7.Where,when,why等连接副词引导的名词性从句。
Where,when,why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。
8.“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+whom”引导的定语从句的区别。
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：
Itwasamatterof____wouldtaketheposition.
A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever
9疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别。
①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.
Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.
②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,
Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.
③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.
Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.
w考点解析
名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。
that引导名从时，无意义不当句子成分，只是引导词；而what引导名从时，在从句中要充当主宾表等句子成分，what表“什么…”=allthat或sth.that
1.Themountainisnolonger____itusedtobe.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as
2.Thereismuchchance____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.
A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if
3.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.
A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which
4.Youcanonlybesureof_____youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething___youmightgetinthefuture.[2007安徽卷]
A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that
Tips：定语从句引导词中，有that没有what。
名词性从句中引导词whether与if的用法区别。
If在名从中可以用在：
1.引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句
2.当与ornot分开使用时Hewonderedif/whetherwewillattendthemeetingornot.
Whether所有名从都可以
1_____theflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayedis____I’mespeciallyworriedabout.
A.If;whatB.Whether;thatC.When;thatD.Whether;what
“(should)+do”
在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,常用句型有:
（1）Itisnecessary,(important,natural,strange,etc.)that...
（2）Itissuggested,(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that...
（3）一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，desire,require，request）。
（4）主语是suggestion,proposal,request,decision等表“建议、请求、要求、决定”等意思的词时,表语从句,同位语中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”。如:Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)holdanothermeetingtodiscussthequestion.
1.Iadvisedthathe_____tothehospitalatonce,butheinsistedthathe_____quitewellthen.
A.besent;wasfeelingB.wassent;sent
C.besent;feelD.shouldbesent;shouldfeel
名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。
Eg.Theyareteachersanddon’trealize______tostartandrunacompany.
A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakes
whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however可以引导名从和让步状从；nomatterwho/which/what/when/where/how只能引导让步主语从句。
⑦—Haveanicetrip!—Thanks.I’lltelephoneyoufrom_____Igettobytomorrowevening.
A.whereverB.everyplaceC.wheneverD.nomatterwhere
that的用法
1.that引导从句小结
1.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.
　A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
2.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
　A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
3.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased____hewasamanofaction.
　A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether
4.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_______matters.
　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this
5.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_________weallagreedtoacceptit.
　A.soB.whatC.thatD.as
6____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because
2．that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略,但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。
如：Shesaid(that)shehadleftschoolandthatherparentswouldfindherajob.
3．介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in，but后可用that引导宾语从句。
Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
4.定语从句与同位语从句中that的区别，主要看that在从句中有没有语法作用。
定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，有时可以与which互换。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词如：fact、suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解释名词的含义或内容，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
例如：ThefootballstarHenryexpressedthehopethathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.　同位语从句，从句就是hope的内容；
ThehopethefootballstarHenryexpressedisthathewouldcometovisitChinaagainin2008.定语从句，从句修饰hope，是“表达的”愿望。
1.…Itsthirtyyearssincewelastmet.
…ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,____wegotlostonarainynight.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when
2.Istillrememberthebignamesinthestories____mymothertoldmewhenIwasyoung.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.where

五年高考
A组全国高考题组
1.Imadeapromisetomyself______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.
A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how
名词性从句—同位语从句
C
that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。
2.34.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.
A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever
连词用法。
C
介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C项
3.Scientistsstudy____humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.
A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether
B
本题考查名词性从句。
句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。
4.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimhehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A．whetherB．whereC．whichD．that
D
考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。
it作形式主语，真正的主语为thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。
5.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthemeetingwouldbepostponed.
A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how
名词性从句-同位语从句
B
句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词thenotice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。
6.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but
hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
B
首先把插入语generallyspeaking删掉，选择B.本题考查名词性从句，butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
考查名词性从句。
7.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.
A.howB.which
C.thatD.what
D
此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。
考查主语从句的连接词。
8.Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whether
C.whatD.why
B
此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。
考查主语从句的连接词。
9.Wepromiseattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever
本句考查连词的辨析
C
首先本句考查的关键短语是promisesbsth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyonewho，这样句子就很清晰了，所以划分句子成分非常关键，以前考察whoever都是做状语，而本题考查的是作promise的宾语，挺新颖的。
B组2008-全国高考题组
1.__________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.
A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom
B
考察名词性从句中的主语从句。
句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。
2.Thereisclearevidence_____themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.
A.whatB.ifC.howD.that
D
考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。
句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。
3.Iamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishesanything.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why
D
考查表语从句。
句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“whichis..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。
4.Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.
A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which
C
考察宾语从句和主语从句。
村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。
5.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.
A.thatB.howC.whenD.why
A
考查主语从句。
句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。
6.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.
A.thatB.howC.whoD.what
D
考查名词性从句。
句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语makeout引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。
7.—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?
—OK,youwant.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
C
本题考查引导词。
句意：“这个周末野营怎么样,来点新鲜的？”“好啊,按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
8.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether
B
本题考查主语从句的引导词。
根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。sideeffect意思是“副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是themedicinewillbringabout______sideeffect。故选择what,形容词“什么样的”,起修饰作用。
9.－Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?
－Noproblem.
A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what
B
考查同位语从句。
——你能到机场接我吗？——没问题。答案B。
10.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request___theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
A
考查宾语从句。
我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整,因此用that引导。答案A。
11.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one
A
考查宾语从句。
句中的from缺少宾语,what既引导了宾语从句,又充当了speak的宾语。
12.isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.
A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which
B
考查主语从句。
分析题干结构“isknowntousall”是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语。如果选it,需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉isthat。
三年模拟
A组全国模拟题组
1．(浙江省部分重点中学高三第二学期3月联考试题,13)Itwasthetraining_______hehadatschool_______madehimgoodjumper．
A．what；whatB．that；that
C．what；thatD．that；had
2.(浙江省苍南县树人中学高三第一次月考试题,29)Wasitinthegarden______weusedtoworkin______thefamousactorsandactresseshadapicnic?
A.that;whereB.which;thatC.where;thatD.which;where
3.(浙江省慈溪中学高三10月月考,18)Anadvertisementisusefulin_______itletscustomersknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
4.(浙江省岱山县大衢中学高三12月月考,7)Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavenotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,________theyhavetheinterest.
A.whereverB.wheneverC.evenifD.asif
5.(浙江省东阳市南马高中高三下学期入学考试,11)______issurprisingisthattherearesomanyChineserestaurantsinToronto.
A.ItB.ThatC.SuchD.What
6.(浙江省奉化市第二中学高三上学期第三次月考,17)Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind.
A.That,whatB.That,whyC.What,whatD.What,why
7.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考教学质量检测,12)
—NexttimeyouareinNewYork,camandvisitus,willyou?
—I’dliketoseeyouconvenient.
A．whateverB．whereverC．howeverD．whenever
8.(浙江省六校联盟高三第一次联考,9)ThenationalspiritslikebraveheartsshowedinthefilmTheFlowersofWarare______deeplymovedtheaudience.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
9.(浙江省宁波市高三上学期期末试题,3)
—Haveyoufinishedthebook?
—NO.Ivereadupto_______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.which
10.(浙江省宁波市鄞州区高三高考适应性考试（3月）,15)
--What’syouridea?[
--Myopinionis_________happens,weshouldnotstopthereform.
A.when;whatB.that;whenC.that;whateverD.when;what
11.(浙江省瑞安中学高三上学期期末试题,10)
----Whendidthecoupledie?
----ItwasonMay12_______theearthquakehitWenchuanCounty.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what
12.(浙江省余姚中学高三第一次质检,7)
—DoyouthinkitwiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?
—No,that’s_____theyaremistaken.
A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.what
B组2010-全国模拟题组
1.(杭师大附中2010学年高三年级第三次月考,6)Arewardof$1,000willbegiventocanprovideanycluestothecasewhichhasbeeninvestigatedbythepolicefornearlyhalfayear.
A．whoeverB．whomeverC．anyoneD．who
2.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)Iwishtherewasmoreinformationaboutcaloriesinrestaurants.Itwouldmakeiteasierformetoknowtoeat.
A．howB．whatC．whenD．where
3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually,workshardcanbetheywanttobe,whetheritisapilot,anengineeroramanager.
A.anyone;whoeverB.nomatterwho;whoever
C.whoever;nomatterwhatD.whoever;whatever
4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学高三模拟考试2,11)OurnewscienceteachercomesfromeitherNewYorkorWashington.ButIcan’tremember_______.
A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that
5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校高三联考,13)
--I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
--Well,maybe_____isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyouread______counts.
A.this;itB.that;whichC.there;oneD.it;that
6.(浙江省嵊州二中高三12月月考,18)
—Mum,whydoyoukeepstaringatme?HaveIdoneanythingwrong?
—Youlookstupid!Thewayyouaredressedis________annoysmemost.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.what
7.(菱湖中学学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)Theyaskedtheteacher_____________.
A.whenwilltheyhavetheexamB.whenwewouldhavetheexam
C.whentheywouldhavetheexamD.whenwouldtheyhavetheexam
8.(浙江省瑞安中学高三暑期总结性测试,18)
—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
—Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.
A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学高三第一次摸底考试,29)______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.
A.HoweverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.Whatever
10.(浙江省杭州高级中学高三上学期第一次月考14)Todayimpressionistpaintingsareacceptedasthebeginningof______wecall“modernart”.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how

语法复习三：名词性从句

语法复习三：名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether和if（是否），asif（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if和asif都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.
2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.
3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
（三）表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.
2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.
（四）宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.
2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。
e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..
I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.
3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。
e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.
②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.
Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.
Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.
Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.
（五）同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.
Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.

练习：名词性从句
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.
2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.
3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.
4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.
5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.
6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.
7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.
8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.
9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?
10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1.Ican’tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.
2.That’s____________herefusedmyinvitation.
3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.
4.____________weneedismoretime.
5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.
6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.
7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.
8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?
9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?
10.Idon’tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.
三、选择填空：
1.Doyousee_____Imean?
A.thatB./C.howD.what
2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why
3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.
A.whatB.thatC./D.how
4.Letmesee_____.
A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whether-Icanrepairtheradio
C.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio
5.Keepinmind_____.
A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersay
C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid
6.Couldyouadviseme_____?
A.whichbookshouldIreadfirstB.whatbookshouldIreadfirst
C.thatbook1shouldreadfirstD.whichbookIshouldreadfirst
7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.
A.hehaddoneitB.whathehaddoneC.whathadhedoneD.thathehaddoneit
8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____?
A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
B.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStation
C.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
D.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.
A.whathadsheseeninChinaB.thatshehadseeninChina
C.whatshehadseeninChinaD.whichhadsheseeninChina
10.Wetookitforgranted___
A.thattheywerenotcomingB.thatweretheynotcoming
C.theywerecomingnotD.weretheynotcoining
11.Ireallydontknow_____
A.IshoulddonextB.whatshouldIdonext
C.whatIshoulddonextD.howIshoulddonext
12.Imafraid_____.
A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedon
B.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateon
C.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateon
D.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetobeoperatedon
13.Shewalkedupto_____.
A.wheredidIstandB.whereIstood
C.IstoodthereD.whereIstoodthere
14.Canyoutellme_____?
A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswho
C.whothatgentlemanisD.whom.isthatgentleman
15.Wellgiveyou_____.
A.thatdoyouneedB.whatdoyouneed
C.whateveryouneedD.whetherdoyouneed
16.Theywantustoknow_____tohelpus.
A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey
17.Wemustput_____intopractice.
A.whatwehavelearnedB.thatwehavelearned
C.thathavewelearnedD.whathavewelearned
18.Didshesayanythingabout_____?
A.thattheworkwastobedoneB.howwastheworktobedone
C.thatwastheworktobedoneD.howtheworkwastobedone
19.Hewasneversatisfiedwith_____.
A.whatshehadachievedB.hadwhatsheachieved
C.shehadachievedD.thatsheachieved
20.Thesephotographswillshowyou_____.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
21.Peterinsisted_____hepaythebill.
A.onthatB.whatC.thatD.onwhich
22.Theyurged_____thelibraryopenduringthevacation.
A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that
23.Wewishwecouldhavelearned_____whenwewereathighschool.
A.whatyoudidB.thatyouhaddone
C.thatwhatyoudidD.whatdidyoudo
24.1willdescribetoyou_____Isawwhenthere.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD./
25.From_____Ishouldsayheisagoodworker.
A.what1knowofhimB.thatIdoknowofhim
C.whatdoIknowofhimD.thatdoIknowofhim
26.Iwillgivethisdictionaryto__wantstohaveit.
A.whomeverB.anyoneC.whoeverD.someone
27._____theywillcomeherehasntbeendecidedyet.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Where
28._____wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.
A.WhoB.ThethingC.WhateverD.Where
29.Itisstillaquestion_____weshallhaveoursportsmeet.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when
30.Imgoinganyway._____shewillgoisuptohertodecide.
A.IfornotB.WhetherornotC.IfD.That
31.Itisstrange_____shehaveleftwithoutsayingaword.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
32.Itisveryclear_____ourpolicyisacorrectone.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.where
33._____MrZhangsaidisquiteright.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhatD.Whether
34.Ithasbeendecided_____hewillbesentthere.
A.ifB.whetherC.whyD.that
35.Itdoesntmatter_____hescomebackornot.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when
36.Itsagreatpity_____wewon’tbeabletofinishthetaskontime.
A.whenB.thatC.whyD.where
37.Ithappened_____Iwasnttherethatday.
A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that
38._____youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Thethings
39._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoftthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
40._____the2000OlympicGameswontbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall.
A.WhetherB.IfC.WheneverD.That
41._____failstoseethiswillmakeabigmistake.
A.ThatB.WhoeverC.WhetherD.Whetherornot
42.__weneedmoreequipmentisquiteobvious.
A.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.Whatever
43.Hasitbeenannounced_____?
A.whenaretheplanestotakeoffB.thataretheplanestotakeoff
C.wherearetheplanestotakeoffD.whentheplanesaretotakeoff
44.Thatis_____weallsupporthisidea.
A.whatB.whyC.whereD.when
45.That’s_____weshoulddo.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.why
46._____istroublingmeis_____Idon’tunderstand_____hesaid
A.What;that;whatB.What;what;what
C.That;that;whatD.Why;that;which
47.Thingswerenot_____theyseemedtobe.
A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what
48.That’s_____Iwanttosay.
A.allwhatB.whatC.allwhichD.whatthat
49.That’s_____.
A.whereourdifferenceslieB.ourdifferencesliethere
C.wheredoourdifferenceslieD.thatwhereourdifferenceslie
50.Thatis_____.
A.wherelivedhethereB.wheredidhelive
C.wherehelivedD.thatwherehelived
51.Thequestionsis_____.
A.whetherisitworthdoingB.thatifitisworthdoing
C.whetheritisworthdoingD.ifitisworthdoing
52.Waterwillcontinuetobe_____itistodaynextinimportancetooxygen.
A.howB.whichC.whatD.as
53.Thats_____.
A.howdidIbecomeateacherB.howIbecameateacher
C.howateacherIbecameD.thatIbecameateacher
54.Theyarejust_____.
A.thatwhatshallIhaveB.whatshallIhave
C.thatIshallhavewhatD.whatIshallhave
55.Itlooked____.
A.asifitwasgoingtorainB.thatasifitwasgoingtorain
C.asifwasitgoingtorainD.asifthatitwasgoingtorain
56.Thats_____.
A.howshediditB.thathowdidshedoit.
C.howdidshedoitD.whatshedidit
57.Thatis_____wedecidedtoputthediscussionoff.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.why
58.That’s_____IlivedwhenIwastenyearsold.
A.whereB.atwhichC.therewhereD.when
59.Mysuggestionis_____weshouldsendafewcomradestohelpthem.
A.ifB.thatC.whenthatD.thatwhere
60.Theidea_____allpeopleareselfishiswrong.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if
61.Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwon.
A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.why
62.Thefact_____hehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.
A.whyB.ifC.thatD.whether
63.Ihavenoidea_____shewillbeback.
A.thatB.whereC.thatwhenD.when
64.Wemustkeepinmindthefact_____Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.
A.whetherB.thatC.whyD.when
65.Theyhavenoideaatall_____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego
C.wherehashegoneD.whichplacehehasgone

参考答案
语法复习三：名词性从句
一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1.which;2.why;3.how;4.What;5.that;6.when,where;7.who(m);8.what;9.where;10.whether
三、1~5DBABD6~10DBBCA11~15CABCC16~20BADAB21~25CDAAA
26~30CCCDB31~35ABCDB36~40BDACD41~45BCDBB46~50ADBAC
51~55CCBDA56~60ADABB61~65ACDBA

,000willbegiventocanprovideanycluestothecasewhichhasbeeninvestigatedbythepolicefornearlyhalfayear.
A．whoeverB．whomeverC．anyoneD．who
2.(浙江省杭州市高三第一次高考科目教学质量检测,8)Iwishtherewasmoreinformationaboutcaloriesinrestaurants.Itwouldmakeiteasierformetoknowtoeat.
A．howB．whatC．whenD．where
3.(浙江省杭州市长河高中高三第二次模拟考试,15)Actually,workshardcanbetheywanttobe,whetheritisapilot,anengineeroramanager.
A.anyone;whoeverB.nomatterwho;whoever
C.whoever;nomatterwhatD.whoever;whatever
4.(浙江省金华市艾青中学高三模拟考试2,11)OurnewscienceteachercomesfromeitherNewYorkorWashington.ButIcan’tremember_______.
A.whereB.thereC.whichD.that
5.(浙江省金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校高三联考,13)
--I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
--Well,maybe_____isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyouread______counts.
A.this;itB.that;whichC.there;oneD.it;that
6.(浙江省嵊州二中高三12月月考,18)
—Mum,whydoyoukeepstaringatme?HaveIdoneanythingwrong?
—Youlookstupid!Thewayyouaredressedis________annoysmemost.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.what
7.(菱湖中学学年第一学期高三英语期中考试,30)Theyaskedtheteacher_____________.
A.whenwilltheyhavetheexamB.whenwewouldhavetheexam
C.whentheywouldhavetheexamD.whenwouldtheyhavetheexam
8.(浙江省瑞安中学高三暑期总结性测试,18)
—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
—Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.
A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
9.(浙江省海盐县元济高级中学高三第一次摸底考试,29)______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.
A.HoweverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.Whatever
10.(浙江省杭州高级中学高三上学期第一次月考14)Todayimpressionistpaintingsareacceptedasthebeginningof______wecall“modernart”.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how

语法复习三：名词性从句

语法复习三：名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether和if（是否），asif（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if和asif都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.
2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.
3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.
（三）表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.
2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.
（四）宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.
2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。
e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..
I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.
3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。
e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.
②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.
Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.
Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.
Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.
（五）同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.
Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.

练习：名词性从句
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.
2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.
3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.
4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.
5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.
6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.
7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.
8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.
9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?
10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1.Ican’tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.
2.That’s____________herefusedmyinvitation.
3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.
4.____________weneedismoretime.
5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.
6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.
7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.
8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?
9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?
10.Idon’tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.
三、选择填空：
1.Doyousee_____Imean?
A.thatB./C.howD.what
2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why
3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.
A.whatB.thatC./D.how
4.Letmesee_____.
A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whether-Icanrepairtheradio
C.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio
5.Keepinmind_____.
A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersay
C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid
6.Couldyouadviseme_____?
A.whichbookshouldIreadfirstB.whatbookshouldIreadfirst
C.thatbook1shouldreadfirstD.whichbookIshouldreadfirst
7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.
A.hehaddoneitB.whathehaddoneC.whathadhedoneD.thathehaddoneit
8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____?
A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
B.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStation
C.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
D.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation
9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.
A.whathadsheseeninChinaB.thatshehadseeninChina
C.whatshehadseeninChinaD.whichhadsheseeninChina
10.Wetookitforgranted___
A.thattheywerenotcomingB.thatweretheynotcoming
C.theywerecomingnotD.weretheynotcoining
11.Ireallydontknow_____
A.IshoulddonextB.whatshouldIdonext
C.whatIshoulddonextD.howIshoulddonext
12.Imafraid_____.
A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedon
B.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateon
C.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateon
D.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetobeoperatedon
13.Shewalkedupto_____.
A.wheredidIstandB.whereIstood
C.IstoodthereD.whereIstoodthere
14.Canyoutellme_____?
A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswho
C.whothatgentlemanisD.whom.isthatgentleman
15.Wellgiveyou_____.
A.thatdoyouneedB.whatdoyouneed
C.whateveryouneedD.whetherdoyouneed
16.Theywantustoknow_____tohelpus.
A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey
17.Wemustput_____intopractice.
A.whatwehavelearnedB.thatwehavelearned
C.thathavewelearnedD.whathavewelearned
18.Didshesayanythingabout_____?
A.thattheworkwastobedoneB.howwastheworktobedone
C.thatwastheworktobedoneD.howtheworkwastobedone
19.Hewasneversatisfiedwith_____.
A.whatshehadachievedB.hadwhatsheachieved
C.shehadachievedD.thatsheachieved
20.Thesephotographswillshowyou_____.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
21.Peterinsisted_____hepaythebill.
A.onthatB.whatC.thatD.onwhich
22.Theyurged_____thelibraryopenduringthevacation.
A.whenB.whereC.whyD.that
23.Wewishwecouldhavelearned_____whenwewereathighschool.
A.whatyoudidB.thatyouhaddone
C.thatwhatyoudidD.whatdidyoudo
24.1willdescribetoyou_____Isawwhenthere.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD./
25.From_____Ishouldsayheisagoodworker.
A.what1knowofhimB.thatIdoknowofhim
C.whatdoIknowofhimD.thatdoIknowofhim
26.Iwillgivethisdictionaryto__wantstohaveit.
A.whomeverB.anyoneC.whoeverD.someone
27._____theywillcomeherehasntbeendecidedyet.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Where
28._____wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.
A.WhoB.ThethingC.WhateverD.Where
29.Itisstillaquestion_____weshallhaveoursportsmeet.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when
30.Imgoinganyway._____shewillgoisuptohertodecide.
A.IfornotB.WhetherornotC.IfD.That
31.Itisstrange_____shehaveleftwithoutsayingaword.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how
32.Itisveryclear_____ourpolicyisacorrectone.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.where
33._____MrZhangsaidisquiteright.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhatD.Whether
34.Ithasbeendecided_____hewillbesentthere.
A.ifB.whetherC.whyD.that
35.Itdoesntmatter_____hescomebackornot.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when
36.Itsagreatpity_____wewon’tbeabletofinishthetaskontime.
A.whenB.thatC.whyD.where
37.Ithappened_____Iwasnttherethatday.
A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that
38._____youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Thethings
39._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoftthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
40._____the2000OlympicGameswontbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall.
A.WhetherB.IfC.WheneverD.That
41._____failstoseethiswillmakeabigmistake.
A.ThatB.WhoeverC.WhetherD.Whetherornot
42.__weneedmoreequipmentisquiteobvious.
A.WhatB.WhetherC.ThatD.Whatever
43.Hasitbeenannounced_____?
A.whenaretheplanestotakeoffB.thataretheplanestotakeoff
C.wherearetheplanestotakeoffD.whentheplanesaretotakeoff
44.Thatis_____weallsupporthisidea.
A.whatB.whyC.whereD.when
45.That’s_____weshoulddo.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.why
46._____istroublingmeis_____Idon’tunderstand_____hesaid
A.What;that;whatB.What;what;what
C.That;that;whatD.Why;that;which
47.Thingswerenot_____theyseemedtobe.
A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what
48.That’s_____Iwanttosay.
A.allwhatB.whatC.allwhichD.whatthat
49.That’s_____.
A.whereourdifferenceslieB.ourdifferencesliethere
C.wheredoourdifferenceslieD.thatwhereourdifferenceslie
50.Thatis_____.
A.wherelivedhethereB.wheredidhelive
C.wherehelivedD.thatwherehelived
51.Thequestionsis_____.
A.whetherisitworthdoingB.thatifitisworthdoing
C.whetheritisworthdoingD.ifitisworthdoing
52.Waterwillcontinuetobe_____itistodaynextinimportancetooxygen.
A.howB.whichC.whatD.as
53.Thats_____.
A.howdidIbecomeateacherB.howIbecameateacher
C.howateacherIbecameD.thatIbecameateacher
54.Theyarejust_____.
A.thatwhatshallIhaveB.whatshallIhave
C.thatIshallhavewhatD.whatIshallhave
55.Itlooked____.
A.asifitwasgoingtorainB.thatasifitwasgoingtorain
C.asifwasitgoingtorainD.asifthatitwasgoingtorain
56.Thats_____.
A.howshediditB.thathowdidshedoit.
C.howdidshedoitD.whatshedidit
57.Thatis_____wedecidedtoputthediscussionoff.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.why
58.That’s_____IlivedwhenIwastenyearsold.
A.whereB.atwhichC.therewhereD.when
59.Mysuggestionis_____weshouldsendafewcomradestohelpthem.
A.ifB.thatC.whenthatD.thatwhere
60.Theidea_____allpeopleareselfishiswrong.
A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if
61.Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwon.
A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.why
62.Thefact_____hehadn’tsaidanythingsurprisedusall.
A.whyB.ifC.thatD.whether
63.Ihavenoidea_____shewillbeback.
A.thatB.whereC.thatwhenD.when
64.Wemustkeepinmindthefact_____Chinaisstilladevelopingcountry.
A.whetherB.thatC.whyD.when
65.Theyhavenoideaatall_____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego
C.wherehashegoneD.whichplacehehasgone

参考答案
语法复习三：名词性从句
一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1.which;2.why;3.how;4.What;5.that;6.when,where;7.who(m);8.what;9.where;10.whether
三、1~5DBABD6~10DBBCA11~15CABCC16~20BADAB21~25CDAAA
26~30CCCDB31~35ABCDB36~40BDACD41~45BCDBB46~50ADBAC
51~55CCBDA56~60ADABB61~65ACDBA