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发表时间:2021-12-05

高三英语教案:《冠词专题知识复习》教学设计。

一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划,作为高中教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境,帮助高中教师在教学期间更好的掌握节奏。你知道怎么写具体的高中教案内容吗?下面是小编为大家整理的“高三英语教案:《冠词专题知识复习》教学设计”,欢迎大家与身边的朋友分享吧!

本文题目:高三英语语法复习教案:冠词专题知识复习教案

专题01 冠词

冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法

1指一类人或事,相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.

2第一次提及某人某物,非特指A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。

3表示“每一”相当于every,oneWe study eight hours a day.

4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.

5用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事— Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?

—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.

A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)

6用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time

7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.

8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事

a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事

a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事

a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识

II. 定冠词的用法

1表示某一类人或物In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.

A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the

2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?

4用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar

5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded

6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5)—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /

7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.

8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.

10在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)

11用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.

12用于方位名词,身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.

III. 不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法

1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?

3季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.

5表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.

6与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.

A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填

7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

8表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.

相关阅读

高三英语教案:《省略句专题知识复习》教学设计


一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备,作为高中教师就要好好准备好一份教案课件。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收,帮助高中教师能够井然有序的进行教学。那么,你知道高中教案要怎么写呢?急您所急,小编为朋友们了收集和编辑了“高三英语教案:《省略句专题知识复习》教学设计”,相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

本文题目:高三英语语法复习教案:省略句专题知识复习教案

类别具体内容例句

词法上的省略名词所有格后修饰的名词在以下情况可以省略

① 如果名词所有格修饰的名词在前文已出现,则可以省略。

②名词所有格后修饰的名词如果是指商店、住宅等地点时,这些名词也常常省略。These are John's books and those are Mary's (books).

这些是约翰的书,那些是玛丽的书。

at the doctor's 在诊所 at Mr. Green's 在格林先生家

to my uncle's 到我叔叔家 at the barber's 在理发店

冠词的省略

①为了避免重复

②在副词的最高级前面的定冠词常可以省略。

③在某些独立主格结构中。

④在as引导的让步状语从句中,当作表语的单数

名词提前时,不定冠词要省略。①The lightning flashed and thunder crashed.电闪雷鸣。

(thunder前省略了定冠词the)

②She sings best in the class.她在班上唱歌唱得最好。

③Our teacher came in, book in hand.

(=Our teacher came in, with a book in his hand.)

我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。

④Child as he is, he knows a lot.

虽然他还是一个孩子,却懂得很多

介词的省略

①both 后常跟of短语,其后可以接名词复数形式,也可以接代词宾格复数形式。接复数名词时,介词of可以省略,但接代词宾格时,of不能省略。

②在现在完成时表持续和重复的句型中,一段时间前的介词for可以省略。

③和一些动词搭配构成的短语中的介词,consider... (as)..., prevent / stop... (from)doing...,

have trouble / difficulty... (in) doing...,spend... (in / on) doing... 等中的介词可以省略。

①Both (of) the films were interesting. 这两部电影都很有趣。

She invited both of us to her birthday party.

她邀请我们俩去参加她的生日派对。

②These shoes are worn out. They have lasted (for) a long time.

这双鞋穿破了,已经穿了很长一段时间了。

③Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away.

树能阻止泥土被冲走。

Can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river?

你能阻止他下河洗澡吗?

I have some difficulty (in) answering the question.

回答这个问题我有点困难。

①有些动词,believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构。

to be + n. / adj.中的to be可以省略。

②感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式,

其中的不定式符号to要省略,但变为被动结构时,to必须保留。

③在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的动词不定式一般不带to;but之前有实

义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 时,也不带to, 否则要带to。

④在并列结构中为了避免重复。

⑤在why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。

⑥动词不定式中动词原形部分是否省略,主要看句子前面是否已出现过同样的动词。如果句子前面出现过同样的动词,为了避免重复,句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形,而保留不定式符号to。

①I consider him (to be) lazy.我认为他懒。

His mother found him (to be) a clever boy.

他母亲发觉他是一个很聪明的孩子。

②They made the boy go to bed early.他们强迫这个男孩早睡。

The boy was made to go to bed early. 这个男孩被迫早睡。

注:help后作宾补的动词不定式中的to可以省略也可保留。

③We have nothing to do now but wait.

我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。

I can not but admire his courage. 我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。

He has no choice but to accept the fact.

除了接受这个事实他别无选择。

④I'm really puzzled what to think or say.

我真不知道该怎么想,怎么说才好。

但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时,则后一个to不能省。

I came not to scold but to praise you.

我来不是责备你,而是赞美你。

⑤Why talk so much about it?为什么大谈这个事呢?

Why not try it again? 为什么不再试一试呢?

⑥They may go if they wish to(go).

如果他们想去,他们就可以去。

Don't go till I tell you to.直到我告诉你去,你才可以去。

在一些动词afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟动词不定式作宾语,不定式中的to可以承前(后)省略。

—Will you go to the cinema with me?

你愿和我一起去看电影吗?

—Well, I'd like to (go with you). 我愿意。

I would do it for you, but I don't know how to (do it for you).

我想为你做这事,但我又不知如何做。

在某些形容词,afraid, glad, willing, happy, eager等后承前省

略动词原形,只保留不定式符号to。

—Will you join us in the game?

你愿和我们一起做这个游戏吗?

—Sure, I'll be glad to(join you in the game). 当然,我愿意。

有些动词,tell, ask, allow, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, order, warn, wish, would like,forbid等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语、主语补足语时,不定式承前省略动词原形, 保留动词不定式符号to。

He didn't come, though we had invited him to (come).

尽管我们邀请他来,他却没来。

注:承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be,则要保留be或have。

—Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗?

—No, but I used to be (a teacher).不,我以前是。

略简单句中的省略

①感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。

②在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。①What a hot day (it is)!多热的天啊!

How wonderful!多妙啊!

②—(Will you)Have a smoke?你抽烟吗?

—No.Thanks.不,谢谢了。

(Is there)Anything else to say?还有别的要说吗?

并列句中的省略

①如果主语不同,而谓语动词中的一部分相同,则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。

②主语相同,谓语动词也相同,则二者都可以省略。

③主语相同,而谓语不同,则可以省略主语。

④在并列复合句中,如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同时,这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。

①John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.

约翰一定在踢球,而玛丽一定在做作业。

②His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.

他的建议使约翰高兴,却使玛丽很生气。

③Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.

老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟,可很快又抽上了。

④Jack will sing at the party, but I know John won't (sing at the party).

杰克将在晚会上唱歌,但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。

复合句中的省略

▲名词性从句中的省略

①作宾语的what从句中的谓语动词与主句的相同,则what从句可以省略谓语,甚至主语

②有时候也可以根据说话的情景来省略主句中的一些成分。

③在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中,从句谓语动词中的助动词should可以省略。

▲定语从句中的省略

①在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that,

which, who (whom)常可以省略。

②关系副词when, where, why以及that在the time(day, morning, afternoon, evening, night, week,

month, year等) when, the place(desk, table, room, spot, house, town, country, school等)where, the reason why, the way that结构中引导限制性定语从句时,在非正式场合下,可以省略关系副词when, where, why, that。

▲状语从句中的省略

当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句中的主语是it,并且又含有be动词时,常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。

①在as, before, till, once, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。

②在though, although,等引导的让步状语从句中。

③在if, unless(=if... not)等引导的条件状语从句中。

④在as, as if, as though引导的让步状语从句中。

⑤在as(so)... as..., than引导的比较状语从句中。复合句中的省略

▲名词性从句中的省略

①Someone has used my bike, but I don't know who (has used it).

有人用了我的自行车,但我不知道是谁。

He has gone, but no one knows where (he has gone).

他走了,但没人知道他去哪儿了。

②(I'm)Sorry I've kept you waiting so long.

对不起,让你久等了。

③It's important that we (should) speak to the old politely.

我们对老人说话要有礼貌,这很重要。

▲定语从句中的省略

①The man(who/whom)I saw is called Smith.

我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。

Where is the book (which) I bought this morning?

今天上午我买的那本书在哪儿?

②I shall never forget the day (when) we first met.

我永远也不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。

The reason (why) he came so early is his own affair.

他来这么早是他自己的事。

The way (that) you answered the questions was admirable.

你回答这些问题的方式令人钦佩。

▲状语从句中的省略

①While(I was)waiting, I was reading some magazines.

我一边看杂志,一边等。

②Though (they were) tired, they went on working.

虽然他们累了,但他们仍继续工作。

③You shouldn't come to his party unless (you were) invited.

除非你被邀请,否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。

④He did as (he had been) told. 他按照被告知的那样去做了。

He paused as if (he was) expecting her to speak.

他停下来,好像是在期待她说话。

⑤He did as (he had been) told. 他按照被告知的那样去做了。

He paused as if (he was) expecting her to speak.

他停下来,好像是在期待她说话。

I know you can do better than he (can do).

我知道你能比他做得更好。

This car doesn't run as fast as that one (does).

这辆小车不及那辆跑得快。

高三英语教案:《书面表达专题复习资料》教学设计


一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责,作为教师就需要提前准备好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐,使教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。我们要如何写好一份值得称赞的教案呢?下面是由小编为大家整理的“高三英语教案:《书面表达专题复习资料》教学设计”,供大家参考,希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

本文题目:高三英语教案:书面表达专题复习资料

专题25 书面表达

1.

2011年12月11日国务院法制办就我国校车安全条例草案征求意见稿正式全文公布,广纳民意。请你根据下列表格的内容为某英语网站写一篇短文。

出台的背景 ● 连续的事故;

● 社会的关注;

● 政府的重视;

……

出台的意义 ● 关爱生命;

● 稳定社会;

……

你的看法 (请考生根据自己的感想提出两至三点建议)

注意:

1.对所给要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不能简单翻译。

2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。

3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

Legal Affairs Office of the State Council of China publicized the exposure draft of School Bus Safety Regulations on Dec. 11th, 2011 to collect public opinions. ______________________

___--- ___________

One possible version:

Legal Affairs Office of the State Council of China publicized the exposure draft of School Bus Safety Regulations on Dec. 12th, 2011 to collect public opinions.

During the past year, there have been several severe school bus accidents which claimed many young lives. These tragedies came as a shock to everyone, and they have aroused great concern among people from all walks of life. The publication of the draft regulations indicate that our government has realized how serious the situation is and that it is taking effective measures to ensure the safety of the school bus.

The draft regulations reflect a deep concern from our government as well as from the public about students’ lives. When put into effect, the regulations will surely help reduce the number of accidents and benefit schools and families as well. Also, they will be of vital importance in stabling the society.

Personally, I fully support the coming out of the regulations, and I sincerely hope that everyone in our society will obey the regulations. What’s more, the regulations should be strictly carried out. (153 words)

2.

【2012厦门质检】

【题目要求】

下面这幅图展现了小明在放学路上因公交车故障欲向路人借手机联系父母的情景。请根据你对这幅图的理解用英语写一篇短文向《中学生英文报·会热点栏目》投稿。

1.简要描述图片内容;

2.结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想。

注意:

1.可根据图片提示及内容要点进行适当发挥;

2.词数120左右。开头己经写好,不计入总词数。

【参考范文】 3.

【2012三明市联考】这幅漫画表现了高校考研大军为备战研究生考试去图书馆占座位的情形,据中国日报报道,今年研究生报考人数突破160万人, 再创历史新高,请写一篇英语短文,试分析促使越来越多大学毕业生选择考研的原因。

注意:1. 130词左右,开头已给,不计入总词数。

2. 注意语言的得体性、准确性、和连贯性。

参考词汇:job seekers求职者;

professional skills专业技能;

fierce competition激烈的竞争

【参考范文】

It’s reported in China Daily that more than 1.6 million people took the post-graduate entrance exam this year, reaching the highest record ever.

As we know, many companies set high standards and requirements for job seekers. A master’s degree is often a must when they advertise for new employees, which means fresh college graduates cannot find a good job. As a result, in order to broaden horizons and learn more professional skills, more and more young people choose to stay on campus for further education. They believe taking a post-graduate course is a good way to enrich their knowledge and make themselves better equipped for a promising future. In other words, they hope to look for a better-paid job in a competitive society with a higher degree.

4.

【2012平顶山期末】假如你是王霞,你的美国朋友Ashley说他将在三月初来中国。请你根据下表提供的信息为他推荐两个旅游点。词数:120字左右。

地点 山东青岛 四川岷山

特色 避暑胜地,以蓝色的大海,美丽的海滨闻名 环境优雅,风景秀丽,山上名寺甚多,历史悠久

价格 1000元 500 元

时间 5天 4天

Dear Ashley,

______________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely

Wang Xia

【参考范文】

Dear Ashley,

I am glad to hear that you are coming to China at the beginning of March. I’d like to recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain to you.

Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city and a wonderful place to spend summer. The climate there is very mild and can make you feel very relaxed and comfortable.

The other is Minshan Mountain. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and long history. There are many old famous temples there. If you are interested in climbing mountains and temples, it is definitely worth seeing.

As for the cost, a five-day tour around Qingdao may cost you 1,000 yuan, while a four-day tour of Minshan Mountain could cost around 500 yuan.

I hope you have a good trip!

Yours sincerely

Wang Xia

5.

【2012桂林、防城港一次调研】

假设你是李华,你班来自美国的交流学生Arthur患病住院已有三周,请你用英文给他写封信,主要内容包括:

一询问病情,表示关切二介绍班级近期活动、学习等情况三表达祝愿

注意

1.词数120左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.信的格式已给出,不计入总词数。

【参考范文】

6.

【2012·金华十校期末】 在现实生活中,许多父母亲的要求与子女的行为表现并未能达到一致。

请根据右边的图片,写一篇短文,内容包括:

1.描述漫画内容;

2.说出其中的寓意;

3.发表你的观点。

注意:

1.可适当增添内容,使文章层次分明,行文连贯。

2.字数120左右。

3.开头语已为你写好【不计入总字数】

As can often be seen in our daily life, many parents have expectations which are too high for their children to reach.In the picture, ____________________________________

7.

【2012·宝鸡一次质检】假如你是李华,你的美国网友Mr.Smith将来你所在的城市工作,曾发电子邮件希望你为他找一处合适的房子。你正好在淘房网站看到一份招租广告,觉得很符合Mr.Smith的要求,请你发份英文电子邮件给Mr.Smith介绍这套房子的情况,并征求他的意见。房子情况如下:(1)位于市中心商业区,交通便利,环境优美。(2)面积80平方米,宽敞明亮。(3)房间天然气、暖气、家具、空调等必备设施齐全。(4)房租价格合理,每月仅1000元。其房子位置和户型如图所示:

注意:

1、短文须写在答题卡的指定区域;

2、短文的词数不少于l00(不含已写好的部分)

3、内容充实,结构完整,语意连贯;

4、书写须清晰、工整;

5、邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。

Dear Mr.Smith,

I’m very glad to hear that you will come to work in our city.

8.

【2012·潍坊期末】

假设你是李华,你在读美国中学生Jack的博客时了解到他即将作为一名交换生来北京学习,希望能够寄宿在一名擅长英语的中学生家要里,以便更好地了解中图文化。请根据以下要点给Jack写一封电子邮件:

1.欢迎他来中国学习;

2. 介绍你个人情况;

3. 邀请他住在你家并愿意为他提供帮助。

注意:l. 词数120—150;

2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

9.

【2012·西安一次质检】假设你是李华,学校学英语社团将举办主题为“Live a low-carbon life”演讲比赛,你准备参赛,请你写一份100词以上的发言稿。

写作要点:

1.陈述理由:为什么要过低碳生活?

2.如何过低碳生活?提出至少三条建议。

3.倡议同学们过低碳生活。

要求:

1.短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。

2.内容充实,结构完整,语意连贯。

3.书写需清晰,工整。

Hello everyone,

Thanks.

10.

【2012海淀期末】近期某网站就校车安全问题进行了一次社会调查,结果见下图。请根据图示用英语写一篇短文,介绍调查结果并谈谈你的看法,供有关部门参考。词数不少于60。

注意:1.文章的开头已经给出。

2.提示词:报废车abandoned vehicles

Recently, a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website

11.

【2012·江苏百校联考】

时间 2011年10月13日

地点 广东佛山

人物 2岁的小悦悦(本名王悦)

事情 1.相继被两车碾压;

2. 18名路人路过但都视而不见;

3. 最后一名拾荒阿姨上前施以援手。

结果 1. 8天后,王悦去世;

2. 该事件引发网友广泛热议。

你的看法 1. 。。。。

2. 。。。。

注意:1.可参考表格及图片,但不能照字面翻译。

2.词数150左右【开头已经写好,不计人总词数】。

3.参考词汇:小货车small van;拾荒collect scraps

On October 13,2011,two-year-old Wang Yue was playing on the street.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙类看图写话。成为时要注意:1.时态:以过去时为主;2.人称:主要是第三人称;3. 内容要齐全;4. 注意语句之间的连贯,恰当使用连词。

【参考范文】

On October 13,2011,two-yearold Wang Yue was playing on the street. Unfortunately,a small van rushed by and ran over the young girl. But with brief stopping,the van continued driving. Then a second vehicle struck the girl again and rushed by without stopping. At least 18 people passed the seriously injured girl before finally an old woman who was later discovered to be making a living by collecting scraps came to her rescue. After 8 days of struggle in hospital,Wang Yue died and left us forever. The incident has stirred heated discussions both in and outside China.

Most people can't believe this incident should have happened in Guaiigdong,a place where China's economic reforms first began and a place which has powered the country's remarkable growth People have focused much on economic development,but they haven't paid enough attention to the promotion of morality. While we can't ignore the development of economy,we should offer a hand to those in need as well.

We should concentrate more on the education of morality and enforce laws to prevent similar incidents from happening again.

12.

【2012湖南四市九校联考】请你根据下面这幅漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应该包括一下内容:

(1)这幅漫画描述了什么?

(2)这幅漫画想要告诉我们什么?

(3)请结合你的生活经历,发表你个人的看法。

(4)字数:150字左右。 词汇:温室:green house

【参考范文】

In our daily life, we children are just like the little flower, while our parents the greenhouse, wanting to help us deal with every difficulties. I still remember when wanted to go downtown to sell newspapers alone, my mum shook her head fiercely, saying: “Too dangerous, honey, in case you meet a cheater! You can manage it later.” But not until today have I known how to sell papers! Therefore, let us come to the practical world, enjoying sun as well as rain, parents. Only in this way can we grow healthy and strong!

13.

【2012·宁德质检】假如你是宁德市某中学高三(1)班班长,你得知,你班王伟同学昨天下午放学回家路上看到一位老奶奶摔倒在地,他立刻将她扶到安全地方,同时打电话给120,使老奶奶得到了及时救治。请你就此事倡仪全班同学向他学习。

注意:

1.倡议要点如下:(1)简述王伟事迹;(2)发表感想;(3)提出倡议;

2.可根据提示适当展开,以使行文连贯;

3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;

4.词数:120左右。

参考词汇:美德virtue; 和谐的harmonious

Dear classmates,

I am more than pleased to share with you Wang Wei’s story.

That’s all. Thank you.

14.

【2012·银川一中模拟】 央视发展改革

需要20%

太多广告损害

央视形象15%

许多广告与节目

主题无关20%

损失了许多

广告费 15%

快乐温馨

有创意30%

2012龙年央视春晚亮点之一,节目中无一广告植入。最近,某网站举行了一次题为“对今年春晚无广告植入的态度”的调查,请根据以下饼图【pie chart】所示信息用英语写一篇短文,并提出你自己的看法。

1.央视发展改革需要20%

2.太多广告损害央视形象15%

3.许多广告与节目主题无关20%

4.损失了许多广告费 15%

5.快乐温馨有创意30%

注意:

1.对所给提示,不要简单翻译,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。

2.词数在120左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数。

3.植入广告:product placement

The 2012 Spring Festival Gala has first set a unique record in the history of 30 years’ SFG--- no product placement in the programs, which accordingly has caused heated discussions.

书面表达:

The 2012 Spring Festival Gala has first set a unique record in the history of 30 years’ SFG--- no product placement in the programs, which accordingly has caused heated discussions.

As is shown in the pie chart,20% of the people surveyed think it is a great need for the reform of CCTV, which is of great benefit to the development of CCTV itself. On the contrary, due to too many product placements in the past , 15% hold the view that great harm has been done to the image of CCTV. And 30% of them consider it is full of happiness and creation ,which can set a good example for the next. Not related to the theme of the whole evening party , too many are meaningless, which takes up 20%.

However, about 15% of them think that not only will it bring advertisers a great loss but also the related departments.

As far as I am concerned, no product placement nowadays may be acceptable, and it should be advocated in the society .Most importantly, it should first take the audience’s feeling into account.

15.

【湖南省岳阳市云溪区一中2012届高三一模】假设你是李华,你的美国老师Miss Morgan要求你们明天下午去听一个美国历史的讲座。你因故不能参加。请你根据以下要点,写一封短信向Miss Morgan请假。

内容要点:

* 表示歉意

* 理由:去机场接从法国回来的舅舅

* 询问:是否有录音,以便补听讲座

注意:

1.词数:100左右

2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯

Dear Miss Morgan,

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

16.

假如你叫李华,上周在去图书馆途中不慎丢失钱包、身份证等财物。正当你十分焦急之时,接到学校学生会通知,称英国外教Miss Johnson拾到你的钱包并上交学校,让你速去认领。请你对此给Miss Johnson写一封感谢信,感谢她拾金不昧的精神。

注意:1.信的开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词汇。

2.可根据内容要点适当发挥,但不要逐条翻译。

3.词数100左右。

Dear Miss Johnson,

I’m Li Hua, a student of No. 1 Middle School.

Best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

Dear Miss Johnson,

I’m Li Hua, a student of No. 1 Middle School. I am writing this letter to thank you for returning my wallet, ID card and so on.

On my way home to the library last week, I lost my bag due to my carelessness. In the bag were my wallet with some money, ID card and other documents. As you know, documents such as my ID card and student card are very important to me. I was very worried and even sleepless. I was really at a loss when I was informed to go to the Students’ Union and take back what I had lost, where I learned that it was you who picked up my bag and kindly handed it in timely.

It was such a pleasant surprise that I’d like to express my thanks to you. What a good example you have set for me to learn from!

Best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

17.

【2012·蚌埠质检】最近你校组织一次关于“高三学生心理减压问题”的英文演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿,简单

介绍一下高三学生目前的心理状况,并提出一些减压的建议。

注意:1.词数:120左右。

2.内容包括以上要点,亦可适当拓展。

3.开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

Dear teachers and schoolmates,

It’S a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience with you of reducing stress from studies.

Thank you for listening.

18.

【2012·石家庄质检】 假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Nancy要来你校任教,请你帮她找一住房。你根据报纸上的广告帮她找到了一套。请你参照以下信息,写封信向她介绍住房情况及周围的居住环境。

1.单元房,两室一厅,月租金1500元,家具齐全;

2.交通便捷,公交车站距住处100米左右;

3.附近的设施有:医院、商场、公园和电影院等。

注意:

1.字数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.结束语已为你写好。

Dear Nancy,

Looking forward to seeing you soon!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

One possible version:

Dear Nancy,

I am glad to know that you are coming to China and teaching in our school here.

I have found an apartment for you. It is a two-bedroom apartment with a living room and it is fully furnished. It is located in the city, close to the bus stop, which is about 100 meters away. The rent is 1,500 yuan per month. You will find it convenient and fun to live there. The hospital is just around the corner. A shopping mall, a movie theater, and a park are also very close to the apartment.

It is a nice apartment and should suit your needs well. If you have any questions, please let me know.

Looking forward to seeing you soon!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

19.

【2012·宁波八校测试】请你以“The World is Getting Smaller”为题,写一篇短文。

要点:1. 我们都感觉到现在的世界变得越来越小。

2. 分析这种感觉的原因。

注意:词数100-120。

20.

【2012苏北四市调研】下面这幅图表是中国某城市在过去三十年间人们出行方式的情况统计,请根据你对这幅图表的理解用英语写一篇短文。

你的短文应包含以下内容:

1.根据所给图表简要描述人们出行方式的变化趋势;

2.分析导致图表中人们出行方式变化的可能原因:

3.从环保和健康等角度谈谈你自己的看法。【至少两点】

注意:

1可参照图表中文字及F面文章开头所给提示,作必要的发挥想象。

2.词数150词左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。

3.文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

With the development of economy, people's traveling ways have changed a lot.

21.

【2012 山东实验中学模拟】假如你是中学生李华。你的外籍教师Tracy已经于上个月回到了美国。请用英语给她写一封电子邮件,内容如下:

1、表达对她的思念;

2、对她给予你的帮助表示感谢;

3、邀请她在方便时再来中国。

注意:1、可适当添加细节使文章连贯;字数:100。

2、信的开头和结尾已给出。

【参考范文】

22.

【2012淮南一模】

One possible version:

Nowadays it’s a common phenomenon that parents drive their children to school and back home, which causes a heated discussion. A survey has just been conducted about it, and findings are as follows.

We can see the supporters believe that more valuable time can be saved for students to get enough sleep , and children can also rest or have meals comfortably in their own cars. What’s more important, they consider it reasonable just for the sake of children’s safety. Meanwhile, it can offer more chances for parents to communicate with their children.

However, other people hold different opinions. They believe that it results in more traffic jams. Besides, driving kids to and from school will undoubtedly add to the parents’ burdens in aspects like time, energy and expenses. Still, in the long term children may be more dependent on their parents, which does no good to them.

In my opinion, I agree that going to school by car is a better solution for young children, I don’t think it a good idea for older children. It would be better if they choose to cycle or walk to and from school instead of taking a car, which will definitely help them keep fit.

23.

【2012山西忻州期末】假定你是李华,你的朋友李明写信告诉你他因不善于交友而苦恼。请根据以下提示给他回信,提出建议。

提示:

1.友善、乐于助人; 2.多与他人交流; 3.多参加活动;……

注意:

1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当发挥,以使短文连贯;

3. 开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。

参考词汇:communicate (v.) 交流; activity (n.) 活动

Dear Li Ming,

I’m sorry to hear that you’re feeling worried for failing to make friends. Some tips below may be helpful to you.

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

【参考范文】

24.

【2012滨州北镇中学高三期末】In modern society, we should learn to share. Sharing is an effective way to enrich your life.

请结合你校园生活中的一个事例,就分享(sharing)这一话题,用英语写一篇短文。

注意:1)无须写标题, 除诗歌外,文体不限;

2)内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例;

3)文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;

4)词数为120左右。

【参考范文】

Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which sharing is the most significant for me.

In fact, I didn’t realize its significance until I failed the mid-term exam last October, during which time I studied less hard. At first, I was addicted to reading some science fictions in and outside class and didn’t do any homework. As a result, I was less active in class and felt depressed. Then my teacher and classmates talked about my studies with me and I told them about my worries. Thus my anxiety was beginning to be reduced with their help and I regained confidence.

It is sharing with others rather than keeping my worries to myself that has relieved me of trouble and made my studies more efficient. (130 words)

25.

【2012唐山高三期末】现在,很多中学生每天长时间用耳机听音乐、学英语。你的英语笔友李平也是如此。最近他在来信中提到感觉头痛、注意力不集中、汜忆力减退。请你就此回信谈谈你的观点和建议。

写作要点:

1.简述过度使用耳机的现象;

2.分析过度使用耳机的危害;

3.提出你的建议。

注意:

1.要点齐全,可适当添加细节,以使行文连贯;

2.字数100左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

3.可能用到的词汇:耳机earphone

One Possible Version

Dear Li Ping,

I received your letter yesterday. Nowadays many students listen to music and learn English with earphones. As for your trouble with ears and bad memory, I’m afraid you spend too much time listening with earphones. In fact, listening to music while doing your lessons may result in less concentration on your study. Besides, the overuse of earphones does harm to your hearing. There are many ways we can enjoy music and learn English. For instance, a recorder or a radio may be a good choice. However, if you do need to use an earphone, you should rest your ears for at least ten minutes every hour but do not use it more than 2 hours a day. I hope things will get better soon.

Best wishes.

Yours, Lin Tao

26.

【2012贵州省五高三校联考】假如你是李华,你校下个月要举办第七届校园艺术节, 你将通过电子邮件告诉远在美国的外教Sandy。 要点如下:

时间:12月3号到5号

目的:丰富同学你的课余生活,展示自我,放松心情

主题:艺术让我们丰富

内容:歌咏比赛,乐器比赛,书画展

要求: 1. 字数100字左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

3. 参考词汇:艺术节 art festival 书法calligraphy

One possible version:

Dear Sandy,

Our school is going to hold an art festival from December 3rd to 5th. This festival is aimed at making our after-class life more colorful, providing opportunities of showing our talents and relaxing ourselves with the theme " Art Makes Us Rich".

At the festival, there will be singing contests and instrument playing contests as well, and a Chinese calligraphy and drawing exhibition will also be included. Now those who are to take part are busy preparing for it.

I'm looking forward to the coming of the festival and sincerely hope that the festival will be a great success.

Wish you were here!

Your student

27.

【2012温州八校联考】2011年一位用行动宣讲环保概念的年轻人“低碳哥(Low-carbon Brother)”在网上走红了。他的主要做法有:1.捡起废纸,用空白一面写字。2.不开灯看电视,还把电视亮度调到最低(minimum)。3.上班骑自行车,不开车等。

请根据以上提示,写一篇短文介绍低碳生活(生活作息时所耗用的能量要尽力减少,从而减低二氧化碳的排放量)并阐述自己对这种低碳生活的看法。

注意: 1. 对所给要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。2. 词数120左右。

【参考范文】

A young man called Low-Carbon Brother became a hit on the Internet in 2011. He suggests living a low-carbon life, which means using less energy in our daily life so that we can help reduce carbon dioxide in the air. For example, he always picks up some waste paper on the street and uses the blank side to write something. While he is watching TV, he always turns down the brightness to the minimum and turns off the light. Besides, he goes to work by bike instead of driving.

Some people think what he is doing is just a show. No one can live such a simple life with so many modern inventions around us. As far as I am concerned, I strongly support his idea and his behavior. Although what he is doing has no huge effect on global warming, he at least can enjoy a healthy life.

28.

【2012吉林期末】假定你是李华,得知你的好友王平现在高三学习非常紧张;父母期望高, 作业繁重,测试多,高考压力大等,他非常烦恼。请给他写一封信,给出你的建议,帮助他摆脱烦恼。开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

字数要求:100词左右。

Dear Wang Ping,

I’ve learned that you are having much trouble in your life and study. ___________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply!

Yours,

Li hua

Dear Wang Ping,

I’ve learned that you’re having much trouble in your life and study, which seriously affect your physical and mental well-being. I’m worried about that, so I’m writing to share with you some of my ideas.

First of all, it is good having heart-to-heart talks with your parents regularly, telling them you know the high expectations from them and you won’t fail them. Meanwhile, you’d better tell them not to push you too hard, which will lead to too much anxiety. Besides, it is advisable to spare some time to take some exercise to keep refreshed and energetic. However, what’s the most important is that you should always keep optimistic and confident. Please take my advice into consideration.

Looking forward to your reply!

Yours,

29.

南安一中2012届高三年上学期期末最近,你校同学针对是否应该每天留家庭作业进行了讨论。讨论详情见下表。

请根据表格内容为你校的校刊写一篇英文报道,并表明你自己的看法。

赞同(占70%) 不赞同(占30%)

理 由 巩固课上所学内容 减少与家人相处时间

增进记忆与理解 减少参与其它活动的机会

提高时间管理与安排的能力 身感疲乏,学习兴趣降低

注意:1.词数120字左右; 2.根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.文章题目和开头已给出(不计入词数)。

Is daily homework necessary?

Recently our school students have had a discussion about whether it is necessary to have daily homework. Different students have different opinions.

Recently our school students have had a discussion about whether it is necessary to have daily homework. Different students have different opinions.

Seventy percent of the students are willing to accept daily homework.They think homework

helps them review and practice what has been taught in class.Besides,by doing daily homework,

students can better understand their lessons.Furthermore,their skills in managing time can also be improved through homework.

However, thirty percent of the students have different opinions. They believe homework reduces their amount of leisure time with their families,not to mention the time for other activities.With a lot of homework to do,students feel tired,and will gradually lose interest in their lessons.

In my opinion, daily homework is necessary, but it must be fit for a student’s ability.Also,the amount of homework should be limited,for a student’s all-around development is more important than anything else in his or her life. (153 words)

30.

【2012西城高三期末】

假设你是红星中学高二【1】班的学生李华。最近你班组织了一次活动,寻找身边的雷锋。请根据下图提示将此次活动情况记录下来,并以“Looking for Lei Feng”为题向你校英语报刊投稿。

注意:1.文章题目已为你写好。

2.词数不少于60。

Looking for Lei Feng

【参考范文】

高三英语教案:《语法知识代词复习》教学设计


老师职责的一部分是要弄自己的教案课件,大家在认真准备自己的教案课件了吧。只有规划好了教案课件新的工作计划,新的工作才会如鱼得水!你们知道适合教案课件的范文有哪些呢?下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高三英语教案:《语法知识代词复习》教学设计》,欢迎您参考,希望对您有所助益!

代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:

数 单数 复数

格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格

第一人称 I me we us

第二人称 you you you you

第三人称 he him they them

she her they them

it it they them

例如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。

It's me. 是我。

二、 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人物和数的变化见下表。

数 单数 复数

人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their

名词性物主代词 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs

例如: I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。

Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。

三、 指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。

例如:That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。

四、 表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为

"反身代词"。

例如:She was talking to herself.  她自言自语。

五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么大的区别。

例如:They love each other.他们彼此相爱。

六、 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody, something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。

例如:--- Do you have a car?  --你有一辆小汽车吗?

--- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆。

--- I don't know any of them.  他们,我一个也不认识。

七、 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)

例如:Tell me who he is.  告诉我他是谁。

八、 关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、

表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(先行词)。

例如:He is the man whom you have been looking for.  他就是你要找的那个人。

3.1 人称代词的用法

1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语。例如:

John waited a while but eventually he went home. 约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。

John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。

说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中。例如:

When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。

2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语。

例如: I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)

a. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?

b. -- Me. --我。(me做主语补语= It's me.)

说明:在上面两例句中,her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格,在正式文体中这里应为she和I。

3.2 人称代词之主、宾格的替换

1) 宾格代替主格

a.在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not 后,多用宾语。

---- I like English.  --我喜欢英语。

---- Me too. --我也喜欢。

---- Have more wine? --再来点酒喝吗?

---- Not me. --我可不要了。

b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格。 但如果比较状语的谓语保留,则主语只能用主格。

He is taller than I/me.

He is taller than I am.

2) 主格代替宾格

a. 在介词but,except 后,有时可用主格代替宾格。

b. 在电话用语中常用主格。

---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和玛丽通话。

---- This is she. --我就是玛丽。

注意:在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。

I thought it was she. 我以为是她。(主格----主格)

I thought it to be her.  (宾格----宾格)

I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。 (主格----主格)

They took me to be her.  他们把我当成了她。 (宾格----宾格)

3.3 代词的指代问题

1)不定代词 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式场合使用时,可用he, his, him代替。

例如: Nobody came, did he? 谁也没来,是吗?

2)动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替,有时也用he, she,带有亲切的感情色彩。

例如: Give the cat some food. She is hungry. 给这猫一些吃的。她饿了。

3)指代车或国家,船舶的名词,含感情色彩时常用she。

3.4 并列人称代词的排列顺序

1)单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称-> 第三人称 -> 第一人称,即you-> he/she; it -> I。

例如:You, he and I should return on time.

2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称 -> 第二人称 -> 第三人称,即we ->you->they。

注意: 在下列情况中,第一人称放在前面。

a. 在承认错误,承担责任时,

It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰惹她生气了。

b. 在长辈对晚辈,长官对下属说话时,如长官为第一人称,

如:I and you try to finish it. 我和你去弄好它。

c. 并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时。

d. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。

3.5 物主代词

1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用。例如:

John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.

约翰割破了手指,显而易见,他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。

物主代词有形容词性(my, your等)和名词性(mine, yours等)两种,形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的--'s属格结构。例如:

Jack's cap  意为The cap is Jack's。

His cap 意为The cap is his。

2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能

a. 作主语。例如:

May I use your pen? Yours works better. 我可以用一用你的钢笔吗?你的比我的好用。

b. 作宾语。例如:

I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我深爱我的祖国就像你深爱你的祖国一样。

c. 作介词宾语。例如:

Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.

你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的去解释。

d. 作主语补语。例如:

The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你,属于你,属于你。

3.6 双重所有格

物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置,修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。公式为:a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。例如:a friend of mine, each brother of his.

3.7 .反身代词

1) 1) 列表

数 单数 复数

人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

人称代词 I you he/she/it we you they

反身代词 myself yourself yourself/herself/himself ourselves yourselves themselves

另外:one的反身代词为oneself

2)做宾语

a. 有些动词需有反身代词,如absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave等。例如:

We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。

Please help yourself to some fish.  请你随便吃点鱼。

b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词,如take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth等。例如:

I could not dress(myself)up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。

注:有些动词后不跟反身代词,如:get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。例如:

Please sit down. 请坐。

3) 用作表语,如结构be oneself。例如:

I am not myself today.  我今天不舒服。

4) 用作同位语

The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。

5) 在不强调的情况下,but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如:No one but myself(me)is hurt.

注意:

a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。

(错) Myself drove the car.

(对) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。

b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中,第二个主语可用反身代词,特别是myself 作主语。例如:

Charles and myself saw it. 查尔斯和我看见了这件事。

3.8 相互代词

1)相互代词只有each other和one another两个词组。他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的。例如:

It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.

显而易见,不同文化的人总是相互借鉴的。

2)相互代词的句法功能:

a. 作动词宾语;

People should love one another. 人们应当彼此相爱。

b. 可作介词宾语;

Does bark, cocks crow, frogs croak to each other.  吠、鸡鸣、蛙儿对唱。

说明:传统语法认为,相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other, 存在于两个以上人和物之间用one another。现代英语中,两组词交替使用的实例也很多。例如:

He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有书并列摆放起来。

Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 这些小团体通常是相互独立的。

c. 相互代词可加-'s构成所有格。例如:

The students borrowed each other's notes. 学生们互借笔记。

3.9 指示代词

1) 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词。例如:

单数 复数

限定词 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.

代词 This is Mary. Those are my teachers.

2) 指示代词的句法功能;

a. 作主语。例如:

This is the way to do it.  这事儿就该这样做。

b. 作宾语。例如:

I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。

c. 作主语补语。例如:

My point is this.  我的观点就是如此。

d. 作介词宾语。例如:

I don't say no to that.  我并未拒绝那个。

There is no fear of that.  那并不可怕。

说明1:指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。例如:

(对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)

(错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人)

(对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语)

说明2:That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较:

(对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。

(对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)

(错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人)

(对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those指人)

(对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)

3.10 疑问代词

1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:

指人: who, whom, whose

指物: what

既可指人又可指物: which

2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较:

疑问代词:Whose are these books on the desk?   桌上的书是谁的?

What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?

限定词:Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的?

What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?

哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?

说明1:无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内。例如:

Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘?

What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

说明2:Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:

Who(m)did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)

Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)

To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词后,不能用who取代。)

说明3: 疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句末。例如:

For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)

What are you looking for? 你在找什么?(现代英语)

说明4: 疑问代词还可引导名词性从句。例如:

I can't make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。

Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?  你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?

Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.

你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

3.11. 关系代词

1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。例如:

The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。

该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。

2) 关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物,见表:

指人 指物 指人或指物

主 格 who which that

宾 格 whom that that

属 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose

例如:This is the pencil whose point is broken. 这就是那枝折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

说明:非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。

3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子。例如:

He said he saw me there, which was a lie. 他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。

说明: 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。另外,关系代词that在从句中作表语时也可省略,例如:

I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.  我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了。

He's changed. He's not the man he was. 他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

3.12 every , no, all, both, neither, nor

1)不定代词有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。

2)不定代词的功能与用法

a. 除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。例如:

I have no idea about it. 我不知该咋办。

b. all 都,指三者以上。all 的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。例如:

All goes well.  一切进展得很好。

all 通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说 all the book,而说 the whole book。

但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如 all day,all night, all the year;但习惯上不说 all hour,all century。

all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如 all China,all the city,all my life,all the way

3)both 都,指两者。

a. both 与复数动词连用,但 both… and…可与单数名词连用。

b. both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前, be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。例如:

Who can speak Japanese? 谁能讲日本话?

We both(all)can. 我们都不会。

4)neither 两者都不

a. neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

b. 作定语与单数名词连用,但neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。

c. 可用于下列句型,避免重复。例如:

She can't sing,neither(can)he. 她不会唱歌,他也不会。

5)neither 与nor 的比较

a. 如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用 nor。例如:

If you don't do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。

b. 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。例如:

He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate. 他不会唱歌,不会跳舞,也不会滑冰。

3.13 none, few, some, any, one, ones

一、 none 无

1) none作主语,多与of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中,none可单独使用。例如:

Are there any pictures on the wall? 墙上有画吗?

None. 没。

2) none作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。例如:

It is none of your business. 闲事莫管。

二、few 一些,少数

few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。

三、some 一些

1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。

2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain)

You will be sorry for this some day. 总有一天,你会为此后悔的。

A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule. 有些人不同意你的看法。

注意:

(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。

(2)some用于其他句式中:

a.肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。

Would you like句式中,表委婉请求或建议。例如:

Would you like some coffee? 喝咖啡吗?

b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时。例如:

If you need some help,let me know. 需要帮助,跟我说。

c.some位于主语部分。例如:

Some students haven't been there before. 有些学生没去过那儿。

d.当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句。例如:

I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years. 这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。

四、any 一些

1) any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。

当句中含有任何的意思时,any可用于肯定句。

Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说,你可任读一本。

五、one, 复数形式为ones

ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some, any,而不用ones。例如:

Have you bought any rulers? 买尺了吗?

Yes, I 've bought some. 买了,买了几把。

3.14 one,that 和it

one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。例如:

I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

3.15 one/another/the other

one… the other 只有两个

some… the others  有三个以上

one… another,another…

some… others,others…

others = other people/things

the others = the rest 剩余的全部

1) 泛指另一个用another。

2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。

3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。

4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。

5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。

3.16 “the”的妙用

He is one of the students who help me.

He is the one of the students who helps me. 他是帮我的学生之一。

第一句定语从句与the students 一致。

第二句定语从句与the one 一致。

3.17 anyone/any one;no one/none;every/each

1.anyone 和 any one

anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。

2.no one 和none

a) none 后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。

b) none 作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。例如:

None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。

---- Did any one call me up just now? --刚才有人打电话给我吗?

---- No one.  --没有。

3.every 和each

1) every 强调全体的概念, each强调个体概念。例如:

Every student in our school works hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。

Each student may have one book.. 每个学生都可有一本书。

2) every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。

3) every 只作形容词,不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。例如:

Every boy has to take one. 每个男孩必须取一个。

Each boy has to take one.

Each of the boys has to take one.

4) every不可以作状语,each可作状语。

5) every 有反复重复的意思,如 every two weeks等; each没有。

6) every 与not 连用,表示部分否定; each 和not连用表示全部否定。例如:

Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。

Each man is not honest. 这儿每个人都不诚实。

3.18 both, either, neither, all, any, none

这些词都可用作代词或形容词。其位置都在be 动词之后,行为动词之前或第一个助动词之后。

1) both (两者都),either(两者中任何一个),neither (两者都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。例如:

Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。

2) both,either

both与复数连用,either与单数连用。例如:

Both the boys are clever.  两个男孩都很聪明。

Either of the two boys is clever.

There are flowers on both sides of the street. 路边长满了野花。

There are flowers on either side of the street.

3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一个), none (都不)。 以上词使用范围为三者以上。例如:

All the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。

I don't like any of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。

I like none of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。

注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。例如:

All of the students are there. 所有的学生都在那。

All (of) the milk is there.  所有的牛奶都在那。

3.19 many, much

Many,much都意为"许多", many + 可数名词,much + 不可数名词。例如:

How many people are there at the meeting? 多少人出席了会议。

How much time has we left? 还剩多少时间?

Many of the workers were at the meeting.许多工人在开会。

Much of the time was spent on learning.学习上化了许多时间。

3.20 few, little, a few, a little

(a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词

a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点

few / little 为否定含义,没有多少了。例如:

He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。

He has few friends.  他几乎没有朋友。

We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。

There is little time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。

固定搭配:only a few (=few)  not a few (=many)  quite a few (=many) many a (=many)。例如:

Many books were sold.

Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。

典型例题:

Although he 's wealthy,he spends___ on clothes.

A. little  B. few C. a little  D. a few

答案: A. spend所指的是钱,不可数,只能用little或 a little. 本句为although引导的让步状语从句,由句意知后句为否定含义,因此应用little表示几乎不。

高三英语教案:《语法知识名词复习》教学设计


古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。教师要准备好教案,这是教师工作中的一部分。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动,使教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗?下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高三英语教案:《语法知识名词复习》教学设计》,仅供参考,希望能为您提供参考!

本文题目:高三英语教案:语法知识名词复习教案

1、名词

名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:

1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。

2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。

3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。

4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。

个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:

名词 专有名词 不可数名词

普通名词 物质名词

抽象名词

集体名词

可数名词

个体名词

1.1 名词复数的规则变化

情况 构成方法 读音 例词

一般情况 加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps

浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars

以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches

以ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses

以辅音字母+y结尾 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies

1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化

1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。

如:two Marys the Henrys

monkey---monkeys  holiday---holidays

2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:

a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos

radio---radios zoo---zoos;

b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes  tomato--tomatoes

c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。

3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:

a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs  roof---roofs

safe---safes  gulf---gulfs;

b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves

knife---knives leaf---leaves  wolf---wolves

wife---wives  life---lives  thief---thieves;

c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。

1.3 名词复数的不规则变化

1) child---children  foot---feet  tooth---teeth

mouse---mice  man---men  woman---women

注意:由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,

如an Englishman,two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。

2) 单复同形,

如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin

但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。

3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:

people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4) 以s结尾,仍为单数的名

a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。

b. news 为不可数名词。

c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。

1.4 不可数名词量的表示

1)物质名词

a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。

比较:Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数)

These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)

b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:

This factory produces steel. (不可数)

We need various steels. (可数)

c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:

Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。

Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。

2) 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:

four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化

物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice 一则建议。

1.5 定语名词的复数

名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。

1) 用复数作定语。例如:

sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室

talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系

2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如:

men workerswomen teachersgentlemen officials

3) 有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。例如:

goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产

customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷

4) 数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如:

two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋  a ten-mile walk 十英里路

two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划

1.6 不同国籍人的单复数

国籍 总称(谓语用复数) 单数 复数

中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese

瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss

澳大利亚人 the Australians an Australian two Australians

俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians

意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians

希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks

法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen

日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese

美国人 the Americans an American two Americans

印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians

加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians

德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans

英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen

瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes

1.7 名词的格

英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下:

1) 单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。

2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' ",如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。

3) 凡不能加"'s"的名词,都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。

4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店。

5) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只有一个's,则表示'共有'。例如:

John's and Mary's rooms(两间)John and Mary's room(一间)

6) 复合名词或短语, 's 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:a month or two's absence 2.

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