Unit10Theworldaroundus。
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Unit10Theworldaroundus
Goals:
a.Achievelanguageskillsandrelatedknowledgeaboutthetopicofenvironmentprotection;
b.Learntoexpresscausesandeffects:
c.Vocabularyinthisunit:
thewordsandexpressionslistedontheteacher’sbook
d.Grammar:
ReviewDirectandIndirectSpeech
Lesson1
Mainpoints
1.Words
indanger;fur;cutdown;left;sometimes;discuss;makesure;findout
2.Sentencepatterns
...,tigerscannolongerhideandhunt.
3.Functionalitem
Questionsandanswers
Difficultpoints
Nolongernomore
Teachingprocedures
Step1Lead-in
Sstellthereasonswhysomeanimalshavediedout.
T:Weknowtherearefarfewerkindsofanimalsintheworldthanbefore.Theyhavediedoutfordifferentreasons.
Askseveralstudentstotellthereasons.GetSstoknowaboutthefactmanyanimalshavediedbecauseofhumanbeings.
Step2Warmingup
1.Sstalkaboutthethreepictures.
Whatkindsofanimalsarethey?
Whyaretheyindanger?
Whydopeoplehuntthem?
2.Dividetheclassintogroupsanddiscussthethreequestions.
3.Severalgroupsreporttheiranswers.
Step3Listening
Oneofthereasonswhyanimalsareindangerispollution.Nextyouwilllistentoareportaboutpollutiontoknowhowseriousitis.
1.Gothrougheachtaskandunderstandwhattodo.
2.Playthetapetwotimesasnecessary.Pauseatimportantpointsandgivethestudentshelp.
3.LettheSsdiscusstheiranswersinpairs.
4.Checktheanswers.
5.DiscussPartTwoingroupsforafewminutesandthenreporttheanswers.
Step4speaking
1.Readtheinstructions.
2.Sspractiseaskingandansweringinpairs.
3.Asktwopairstoactout.
Step5languagepoints
1.nolonger/nomore
nolonger=not...anylonger
nomore=not...anymore
Itislater.Icantwaitanymore.
Timelostwillnotreturnanymore.
2.makesure(that)
Ep:Makesurethatyouunderstandwhatyourteachersays.
Ep:Arriveearlyatthecinematomakesureof(getting)aseat
Step6Homework
Practiseaskingandansweringquestions.wwW.jaB88.coM
Lesson2
Mainpoints
1.Words
dieout,act,measure,original,respond,keep...from...,liveabetterlife,thatis,firstofall,bydoing,pickup.
2.Sentencepatterns
...butwedon’talwaysdoaswesay...
Thegoodnewsisthatthereisalotwecandotohelp.
Difficultpoints
thepredicativeclause
Teachingprocedures
Step1.Revision
Checkthehomework
Step2.Pre-reading
1.Q:Whatdoplantsandanimalsneedtosurvive?
A:Encouragethestudentstocompareanimalsandhumans.Animalsandplantsalsohavebasicneedsandanimalsliveinsocialgroups.
2.Q:Whatdoanimalsdotosurviveinplaceswhereitisveryhotorcold,wherethereisntmuchwater?
A:Animalsadapttochangeintheirhabitatandtrytolearntosurvivewhentheconditionsoftheirhabitatchange.
Step3Reading
T:Fromlastperiodweknowmanyanimalsareindanger.Thendoyouknowwhysomeplantsareindangerandevenhumanbeings?Letstrytofindtheanswertothequestionabovefromthetextandwhatwecandotostopit.
Askstudentstoreadquicklyinsilenceandfindtheanswertothefollowingquestion.
Q:Whatcanwedotoprotecttheenvironment?
A:Weshouldcreatemorespaceforanimalsandplants.Weshouldstoppollution.
Step4Post-reading
Askstudentstoreadthetextagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.
1.Whydoanimalsandplantsbecomeendangered?
A:Animalsandplantsbecomeendangeredwhentheirhabitatisdestroyedorwhenconditionsinthehabitatchangetooquicklyortoodrastically.Thetextliststhreemainreasons:habitatchange,thearrivalofnewspeciesinthehabitat,andtheoveruseofthespeciesitselfortheresourcesinthehabitat.
2.Aspeciescanbecomeendangeredwhenitshabitatischangedordestroyed.Canyouthinkofthingshumanbeingsdothatmaydestroyorcausechangeinahabitat?
A:Variousanswersarepossible.Encouragethestudentstothinkofhumanbehaviourthatcancauseproblems:pollution,landuse,hunting,farming,etc.
Step5Languagepoints
1.asconj.
WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.
Doyouhavetofeedplantsasyoufeedchickens?
2.takeaction
Ididnttakeimmediateaction.
activeadj.
Hewasactiveinthe1798revolution.
3.measurev.n.
(1)vt.vi.
Wemeasuredtheroomandfounditwas200feetlongand15feetwide.
CanyouwaittillIhavefinishedmeasuring?
(2)n.
Aninchisameasureoflength.
Step6Listeningtothetape
Step7Homework
Reviewwordsandlanguagepointsinthetext.
Lesson3
Mainpoints
Words
devote...to...;atpresent;common;set...free;inthewilds;giveatalk;whatkindof;explainsth.tosb.;hopewish;however;oneday,somedayanotherday;stopdoingstoptodo...
Difficultpoints
hopewish
Teachingprocedures
Step1Revision
1.checkthehomework
2.Askseveralstudentstosaysomethingaboutthewildlifeendangerment.
Step2Wordstudy
Getstudentstoknowsomethingaboutwordformationandgoovertheuse.
1.hopewish
(1)hope
①for+n.
②todo...
③that...
(2)wish
①for+n.
②todo...
③sb./sth.+adj./done/todo...
④sb.sth.
⑤that...
2.stopdoingstoptodo
Hestoppedsmoking.(=Hedidntsmokeanymore.)
Hestoppedtosmoke.(=Hepausedandbegantosmoke.)
Step3Grammar
1.RevisetherulesfortheDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.
2.Practice
(1)ReadthenewsstoryonP68inbook.PickoutthesentencesandthenchangethemintoDirectSpeech.
(2)DoexerciseonP141inbook.GrammarEx1.
Step4Homework
1.Gooverallwordsandexpressions.
2.Preview:Newwordsandphrasesinnextpart.
Lesson4
Mainpoints
1.Words
energy;reduce;amount;harmful;material;organize;attractive;becarefulwith...;throwaway;infact;endupaswaste;share;showsth.tosb.
2.Sentencepatterns
Itisimportanttodo...
Chooseanenvironmentalproblemthatyouthinkisimportant.
Teachingprocedures
Step1Revision
1.ReviewtheDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.
ChangethesentencesintoIndirectSpeech.
2.Makesentenceswiththefollowingwordsandexpressions.
hopewish;stopdoingstoptodo;set...free
Step2Lead-in
Sslistsomewaystoprotecttheenvironment.
T:Therearemaystoprotecttheenvironment.Listsomeofthem.Nextwewillreadapassagetofindmorewaysofprotectingenvironment.
Step3Presentation
1.Helpthestudentsunderstandwhatthepassagetellsus.
2.Dividetheclassintogroupsanddiscusstofindtheanswers.
3.Severalgroupsreporttheiranswers.
Step4Languagepoints
1.Itisimportanttodo...
(1)Itis+adj./n.+todosth.
Itiswonderfultohaveawalkinthewoods.
(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.
Itwaseasyformetoanswerthequestion.
(3)Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.
Itskindofyoutothinksomuchofus.
2.showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.
Heshowedmeaphotoofhim.
3.becarefulwith...
becarefulwith+n.
becarefulin+v-ing.
Step5Listening
Step6Homework
Reviseallthewordsandexpressionsinthisunitandrevisethenewwordsinnextunit.
相关阅读
高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit10Theworldaroundus
2011高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳
Unit10Theworldaroundus
自助式复习板块
知识搜索
A.单词?
1.毛皮?(n.)________________
2.西藏的?(adj.)_______________
3.热带丛林?(n.)________________
4.长颈鹿?(n.)________________
5.尺寸，措施?(n.)________________
6.献身?(v.?)_______________
7.共同的，普遍的?(adj.)_______________
8.贵重的，有价值的?(adj.)_______________
9.减少，缩减?(v.?)_______________
10.回答，响应?(v.?)_______________
11.原始的，独特的?(adj.)_______________
12.材料，原料?(n.)_________________
13.吸引人的?(adj.)_______________
14.话题，主题?(n.)________________
15.简洁的，扼要的?(adj.)_______________
16.图表?(n.)________________
17.单元住宅?(n.)________________
18.包装?(v.?)______________
19.电池?(n.)________________
20.使适应，改编?(v.?)_______________
21.环境的?(adj.)_______________
22.危害?(v.?)_______________
23.狼?(n.)_________________
24.旅行，游历?(n.)________________
25.海报?(n.)_________________
答案：1.fur 2.Tibetan 3.jungle ?4.giraffe? 5.measure 6.devote 7.common ?8.valuable? 9.reduce 10.respond?11.original? 12.material 13.attractive 14.topic 15.brief 16.graph 17.flat 18.package 19.battery 20.adapt ?21.environmental? 22.endanger ?23.wolf??24.tour 25.poster
B.短语?
26.导致_______________
27.轮流做某事________________________
28.灭绝_______________
29.采取措施做某事____________________________________
30.适应环境变化_______________________________
31.污染环境______________________
32.前景光明___________________________
33.过更好的生活_____________________________
34.由于不同的原因_____________________
35.奉献于______________
36.明朝_______________________
37.从自然中学习_____________________
38.在危险中_____________
39.在自然环境下____________________
40.作为……的结果___________________________
答案：26.leadto 27.taketurnsdoing ?28.dieout 29.takemeasurestodosth.
?30.adapttoenvironmentalchanges ?31.pollutetheenvironment 32.haveabrightfuture
33.liveabetterlife ?34.fordifferentreasons 35.devoteto 36.theMingDynasty
37.learnfromnature?38.indanger 39.inthewild ?40.asaresultof
C.句型?
41.大雨引起河水上涨。?
Theheavyrain________________________.
42.必须采取措施确保动物不灭绝。?
_____________________________tomakesurethatanimalsdon’t_____________.
43.没有空气和水就没有生物。?
Withoutairandwater___________________________________________.
答案：41.causedtherivertorise?42.Measuresmustbetaken,dieout?
43.therewouldbenolivingthings
D.语法?
44.Mr.Whitetoldthestudents,“Wewillstayhereforaweek.”(变为间接引语)?
?________________________________________________________________
45.“Don’teatmuchfoodthatisrichinsugarandfat!”shesaidtome.(变为间接引语)?
_____________________________________________________________________
答案：44.Mr.Whitetoldthestudentsthattheywouldstaythereforaweek.?
45.Shetoldmenottoeatmuchfoodthatisrichinsugarandfat.
重难聚焦
重点单词
要点1 present
Whichiswrong??
A.Hepromisedmeapresentformybirthday.?
B.Hepromisedthathewouldgivemeapresentformybirthday.?
C.Hemadeapromisewhichhewouldgivemeapresentformybirthday.?
D.Hepromisedtogivemepresentformybirthday.?
解析:C项中promise后跟同位语，引导词不能用which。?
答案:C?
归纳与迁移?
(1)present ?adj.?现在的，目前的?
thepresentleader现任领导?
presenttrends目前的潮流?
在手边的；出席的：?
Thirtyguestswerepresentattheceremony.?
有三十位客人出席这次典礼。?
thepresentsubject正在考虑的主题?
presentcompanyexcepted.本公司除外?
（2）present ?n.?礼物；赠品?
abirthdaypresent生日礼物?
aChristmaspresent圣诞礼品?
atpresent现在?
（3）present ?v.?引见，介绍?
Introduceayoungwomantosocietywithconventionalceremony.?
用传统的礼仪介绍（青年妇女）进入社交界。?
上演?
presentaplay上演一出戏
要点2 common
Theyarebrothers,buttheyhavenothing_______eachother.?
A.incommonwith
B.incommonto?
C.oncommonwith
D.commonwith?
解析:根据用法“havenothing/muchincommonwithsb.与某人没有（很有）共同的地方”，排除B、C、D三项。?
答案:A?
归纳与迁移?
（1）共同的；共通的；联合的；公共的?
acommoncup公用杯子?
（2）常见的；常有的?
Snowiscommonincoldcountries.?
在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。?
（3）普通的；熟悉的?
thecommon普通人?
Thehumorousjokeiscommonproperty.?
这个幽默笑话大家都知道。?
（4）常用词组：
commonsense常识?
havemuch/nothingincommon有（没有）共同的地方
重点短语
要点1 dieout
Elephantwould______ifmenwereallowedtoshootasmanyastheywished.?
A.dieoff B.dieout
C.dieofD.AorB?
解析:题意是“如果允许人们随意捕杀大象的话，大象就会灭绝”。A项的意思是“一个个先后死去”；C项“死于”。?
答案:B?
归纳与迁移?
（1）dieaway逐渐停止，逐渐消失?
Thenoiseofthemotorcardiedaway.?
摩托车的噪声消失了。?
（2）dieback(植物）枝叶枯萎?
（3）diedown逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊?
Aftertheexcitementoftheaudiencedieddown,thespeakerrestartedhisspeech.?
等听众激动的情绪平息后，演讲人又重新开始演讲。?
（4）diehard(旧习惯等)难改掉，难消失?
Oldshabitsdiehard.?
旧习难改。?
（5）dieoff相继死去?
（6）dieout逐渐消失，灭绝
要点2 devoteto
Thetimehehasdevotedinthepasttenyears______thedisabledisnowconsidered_______ofgreatvalue.?
A.tohelp;being
B.tohelping;tobe?
C.help;tobe
D.helping;being?
解析:“devote...to...”中“to”为介词；“beconsideredto”中“to”为不定式。?
答案:B?
归纳与迁移?
（1）专心致力于，献（身），贡献?
Hedevotedhislifetoliterature.?
他专心致力于文学。?
Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.?
他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。?
（2）供奉，贡献?
Weshoulddevoteourselvesassiduouslyandfaithfullytothedutiesofourprofession.?
我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。?
（3）常用短语：?
devoteto把……献给；把……专用于?
devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于；专心于
?必背句开型
要点1 Aletterpostedyesterdaywill...过去分词作定语
（2010上海，35）Thedisc, digitally______inthestudio, soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.?
A.recorded
B.recording
C.toberecorded
D.havingrecorded?
解析:本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。题干主语为“thedisc”,后面为修饰部分，表示什么样的“碟片”，又因为disc和record之间是被动关系，所以这儿只能用过去分词。?
答案:A?
归纳与迁移?
过去分词作定语需要注意如下几个方面的问题:?
(1)过去分词作定语时,所表示的时间概念:?
①多表示已完成的动作。?
Thebrokenglassesaremine.
那副坏的眼镜是我的。?
ThebookwritteninEnglishisabout“ThedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish”.?
用英语写的那本书是关于美式英语和英式英语的区别。?
②表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。?
Hewantstobuyausedcar.
他想买一辆二手车。?
③没有一定的时间性。?
HisspokenEnglishisexcellent.
他的口语很好。?
(2)过去分词作定语在句中的位置:?
单个的过去分词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词之前。?
过去分词与副词、名词、形容词构成复合形容词作定语时,位于被修饰的名词之前。?
anewly-builtroad一条新建的公路?
aman-madesatellite一颗人造卫星?
awell-developedcountry一个高度发达的国家?
过去分词短语作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之后。?
Thereweremanypeoplekilledinthataccident.?
有很多人在那次事故中死亡。?
某些动词的过去分词作定语时,多半用来修饰人。这类过去分词多是表示人物的心理特征或情感变化的动词。
如:delighted,devoted,discouraged,amused,astonished,frightened,moved,inspired,encouraged,puzzled,tired,worried,?excited等。?
Thetiredboyfellasleepverysoon.?
这个疲劳的男孩不久就入睡了。?
Thepuzzledmothercometoherdaughter’steacherforhelp.?
不知所措的母亲来向女儿的老师求助了。
SBIAUnit10Theworldaroundus考点复习教案
一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗，会提前做好准备，准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来，帮助高中教师能够更轻松的上课教学。你知道如何去写好一份优秀的高中教案呢？为满足您的需求，小编特地编辑了“SBIAUnit10Theworldaroundus考点复习教案”，希望能对您有所帮助，请收藏。
SBIAUnit10Theworldaroundus麋鹿的保护
素材新挖掘
考点1.measuren.尺寸；措施vt.测量；测度
Ifweknowmoreaboutwhatcausesendangerment,wemaybeabletotakemeasuresbeforeitistoolate.
Nowisthetimetotakemeasures.
现在是时候采取预防措施了。
measuren.量度；度量衡制；计量单位
takemeasurestodo采取措施
measurevt.测量；仔细考虑
measurevi.有……的尺寸
make…toone’smeasure根据某人的尺寸定做
(1)What__________(措施)shallwetaketofindoutthethief?
(2)Theroom__________(尺寸)fivemetresacross.
(3)Sheworkshardanddoesnt__________(考虑)thecosttoher
health.
(4)他量了房间的长度。(写作小练笔：主谓宾；length)
___________________________________
measures
measures
measure
Hemeasuredthelengthoftheroom.
考点2.devotevt.投身于；献身
ProfessorStevenson,whohasdevotedhimselftoprotectingthemiludeer,gaveatalktoChinesecollegestudentsinBeijing.
Hedevotedhislifetothestudyofscience.
他把毕生献给科学研究。
devote…to献身；专心于……
devotevt.生僻义：专门刊载
devotevt.对……忠诚
devotevt.花钱
(1)__________(专心于)tohisjob(Devotinghimselftohisjob),
heisalwaysbusy.
(2)He__________(花钱)agreatsumofmoneytobooks.
(3)Hehas__________(献出)hiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.
(4)Devotedtomusic,shegaveupwork.
(用devote的-ing形式替换)__________________
(5)他专心写作。(写作小练笔：主谓宾+介词；write)
________________________________
Devoted
devoted
devoted
Devotingherself
Hedevotedhimselftowriting.
考点3.organizevt.vi.组织；组织起来
Organizetheinformation.Decidewhatthemainmessageis.
Towriteagoodessayyoumustfirstorganizeyourideaslogically.
要写出好文章,必须先从逻辑上理顺思绪。
organizevt.组织；构成，组成
organizationn.组织；机构；团体
organizedadj.井井有条的；有组织的
(1)Theschool_________(组织)tripstovariousplacesofinterest
duringthesummervocation.
(2)Jane___________(组织)theparty.Sheaskedpeopletocomeand
boughtthefoodanddrinks.
(3)Heformedan_________________(组织)toleadthestruggle.
(4)俱乐部组织了一次舞会。(写作小练笔：主谓宾；club,dance)
________________________________
organizes
organized
organization
Theclubhasorganizedadance.
考点4.dieout灭绝；逐渐消失
Whyisitimportanttomakesurethatanimalsdonotdieout?
Noonehavecomeupwithaconvincingexplanationofwhydinosaurdieout.
尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝作出一个令人信服的解释。
dieout灭绝；熄灭
dieaway逐渐停止，逐渐消失
diedown逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊
dieoff相继死去
(1)Thiskindofbirdhas_____________(灭绝)intheworld.
(2)Aftertheexcitementoftheaudience_____________(平息),the
speakerrestartedhisspeech.
(3)Thecustomofwearingvestsseemsto____________(正逐渐消失).
(4)许多鸟兽现已绝种。(写作小练笔：主谓;animal)
________________________________
diedout
dieddown
bedyingout
Alotofanimalshasdiedout.
考点5.adaptto适应(新环境等)
Whenthehabitatofaspeciesischangedordestroyed,theanimalorplanthastoeitheradapttothechangeorfindanewhome.
Canyouadapttoyournewjob?
你能适应新的工作吗?
adapt(…)to适应
getadaptedto:习惯于
adjust…to调整;调节
adaptvt.改编；改装；改造
fitvt.大小、尺寸适合
suitvt.合乎要求、口味、性格、情况
matchvt.大小、色调、形状、性质等相配
(1)WhenhemovedtoCanada,thechildren____________(适应)to
thechangeverywell.
(2)He____________(适应了)himselftothecoldweather.
(3)Thisnovelhasbeen____________(改编)forradiofromthe
Russianoriginal.
adapted
adapted
adapted
(4)Nodish______(适合)alltastes.
(5)我的眼睛已经慢慢适应了黑暗的环境。
(写作小练笔：主谓+介词；slowly,dark)
__________________________________________
考点6.makeadifference有关系；有影响
Therearemanythingswecandotomakeourworldbetter.Evensmallthingscanmakeabigdifference.
Afewdegreescanmakeabigdifferencewhenitcomestofoodstorage.
当提到食物贮存之时，仅仅几度就能够让食物发生很大变化。
makeadifference有关系；有影响;很重要
makenodifferenceto对……没有关系
(1)Ifyoudosoitwill________________________(影响就很大了).
(2)Ayearortwowill______________________(有很大区别)tous.
(3)Wecan___________________(使这光境变得不同),ifwetry.
(4)HowdoIknowifI________________________(取得了进步)?
suits
Myeyeshaveslowlyadaptedtothedark.
makeagreatdifference
makeagreatdifference
makeadifference
havemadeadifference
考点7.Butwedon’talwaysdoaswesay.
但是我们并不是总是按我们说的做。
Verywell,Iwilldoasyousay.
好吧，我就按你说的去做。
as依照；像……那样(引导方式状语从句)
asif/though好像
likeprep.conj.像……那样
(1)I’lldo_______________(按照你的建议去做).
(2)WhenatRomedoastheRomansdo.(英译汉)
________________
(3)Shespoketome________(好像)sheknewme.
(4)Idid_______heaskedandputthepaperinhispocket.
A.asB.thoughC.likeD.asthough
A。as“依照；像……那样”,引导让步状语从句。
考点8.Wehumanbeingscouldnotsurvivewithoutallplants
andanimalsaroundus.
没有我们周围的动植物，人类就不能存。
asyouadvise
入乡随俗。
asif
Withoutairandwater,wecouldnotexist.
要是没有空气和水，我们就无法生存。
此句是虚拟语气，介词短语without相当于butfor,代替if条件句
(1)Wecouldn’t_______________(succeed)withoutyourhelp.
(2)Wewouldn’t_______________(finish)thetaskaheadoftime
withoutyourhelp.
(3)Butfortherainwewouldhaveclimbedthemountain.
(用if虚拟条件句替换)
_______________________________________
(4)Withoutelectricitylifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.
(用if虚拟条件句替换)
_______________________________________
havesucceeded
havefinished
Ifithadn’tbeenfortherain
Iftherewerenoelectricity
Theworldaroundus教案
俗话说，凡事预则立，不预则废。教师要准备好教案，这是教师工作中的一部分。教案可以让学生们能够更好的找到学习的乐趣，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。教案的内容具体要怎样写呢？以下是小编为大家精心整理的“Theworldaroundus教案”，欢迎您阅读和收藏，并分享给身边的朋友！
Unit10Theworldaroundus
重点词汇解析
1.furn.毛皮，毛，软毛(ahair-coveredskinofcertainanimals;
2.junglen.热带丛林（atropicalforesttoothicktowalkthrougheasily）
jungleanimals丛林动物；thejungleofbusiness错综复杂的商业界
3.wolfn.狼（awildanimalofthedogfamilywhichhuntsotheranimalsinagroup）
awolfinsheep’sclothing披着羊皮的狼
4.giraffen.长颈鹿（anAfricananimalwithaverylongneckandlegsandorangeskin
withdarkspots）
5.tourn.v.旅行；旅历；旅游(tovisitasatourist;ajourneyduringwhichseveral
placesarevisited)makearound-the-worldtour作环球旅行goonatour进行观光游览
beontour在巡回演出tourtheworld周游世界
6.actvt.vi.扮演；担当；表演；表现(takepartinaplayonthestage,behaveasstated)
7.measuren.
1)计量单位(unit,standardorsystemusedinstatingsize,quantity,
ordegree;step)Ameterisameasureoflength.
2)措施；办法Theytookstrongmeasuresagainstdangerousdrivers.他们对危害公众
的司机采取强硬的措施。
vt,vi量；测量；计量(tofindthesize,length,amount,degree,etc)
8.originaladj.最初的；最早的；原始的(firstorearliest)
9.batteryn.电池(apieceofapparatusforproducingelectricity,consistingofagroupofconnectedelectriccells)
10.devotevt.奉献将（某人的时间、精力或自己）完全奉献给某项特别的活动、事业、目标或某
个人(togiveorapply(onestime,attention,orself)entirelytoaparticularactivity,pursuit,cause,orperson.)
11.commonadj.
1)共同的；共通的；联合的；公共的acommoncup公用杯子
2)常见的；常有的Snowiscommonincoldcountries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。
3)普通的；熟悉的thecommonman普通人
4)低俗的；质劣的；粗鄙的
12.valuableadj.值钱的；贵重的;有价值的
avaluablediamond.贵重的宝石;valuableinformation;valuableadvice.重大的消息；重要
的建议;avaluablefriend.令人钦佩的朋友
n.[常用复]贵重物品
13.reducev.缩减，减轻减少，如在范围、数量上或程度上减少；降低(tobringdown,asin
extent,amount,ordegree;diminish)
（与to连用）减少至Thefirereducedtheforesttoafewtrees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几颗树。
（与to连用）变为，化为toreducetherockstodust把石块碎成粉末
（与to连用）强迫；迫使Shewasreducedtobegging.她被迫乞讨。
14.respondv.回答，答复(tomakeareply;answer)
15.amountn.数量largeamountsofmoney
vi（与to连用）等于；总计；合计；总计达
Hisdebtsamounttoover00.他的欠债总数已达三千多美元。
16.packagen.包；包袱；包裹；包装(awrappedorboxedobject;aparcel)
17.harmfuladj.有害的；能造成损害的(causingorcapableofcausingharm;injurious)
18.flatadj.平的；平直的(smoothandlevel)
单调的；乏味的
19.materialn.材料，原料事物用或能用其制造的物质(Thesubstanceorsubstancesoutof
whichathingisorcanbemade.)
20.attractiveadj.有吸引力的(havingthepowertoattract)
21.organizev.组织；构成，组成
22.briefadj短暂的；简短的abriefletter一封短信
inbrief简单地说；简明扼要的InbriefhesaysNo他简短地说了一个不字。
重点短语解析
1.indanger处于险境，反义短语为beoutofdanger。
比较：bedangerous“危险的，有危害的”。
2.dieout
1)(offamilies,species,etc)nolongerhaveanymembersleftalive（指家族、物种等）死灭绝
2)(ofacustom,practice,ideas,etc)nolongerbecommon（指习俗、做法、观念等）消失过时
3)(ofafire)toloseforceorpower（指火）熄灭
3.asaresult因此;结果
4.leadto.导致,通向Thepathleadstothevillage.这条小路通到那村庄。
5.takemeasures“采取措施”
6.adapttosth/adaptoneselftosth适应（新环境等）(becomeadjustedtonewconditions,
etc)。
adapt改编、改写
7.devote（oneself/sth）to（sb/sth）致力于、把……奉献给、把…..专用于。
devotedadj.
1)忠实的，慈爱的，恩爱的
2)献身……的,专心于……的,专用于……的,热心的。
8.throwaway白白放过；放弃；丢掉
重点句型解析
1.Wehumanbeingscouldnotsurvivewithoutalltheplantsandanimalsaroundus.
没有周围的动物和植物，我们人类就无法生存。
介词短语without在这里表示假设条件，相当于iftherewerenoplantsoranimalsaround
us.有时虚拟条件不用从句而用介词短语来表示。
2.Ifweknowmoreaboutwhatcausesendangerment,wemaybeabletotakemeasures
beforeitistoolate.如果我们能更多地了解致使生物濒危的原因，就能及时采取补救措施。
before趁…..（还没有）。
3.Aspeciescanbecomeendangeredfordifferentreasons.物种濒临危险有各种原因。
endanger危害、危及（某人/某事物）；使遭到危险(causedangertosb/sth;putsb/
sthindanger)。
pedestrians.酒后驾车不仅会造成交通事故，而且会危害到行人的生命。
高考衔接点拨
1.fondof“喜爱，爱好”接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
2.huntfor=lookfor寻找
huntforajob找工作
3.inorderto,soasto这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语,inorderto可放于句首,soasto则不能,其否定形式为inordernotto/soasnotto.
4.careabout
1)喜欢，对……有兴趣=carefor
2）关心=carefor
3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）
5.suchas意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的
6.drop* aline留下便条,写封短信
7、makeyourselfathome别客气；随便；无拘束
8、stayup不睡；熬夜
9、comeabout引起；发生；产生
10、exceptfor除……之外
（1）except与exceptfor的用法常有区别。except多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：
（2）exceptfor用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：
（3）但在现代英语中，exceptfor也用于表示except的意思。
（4）另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用exceptfor。
课堂同步练习
直接引语变间接引语练习题
1.Heasked________forthecomputer.
A.didIpayhowmuchB.Ipaidhowmuch
C.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid
2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme_______.
A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilm
C.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm
3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.
→He______me_____thewindow.
A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closing
C.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose
4.“Iamateacher,”Jacksaid.→Hesaid_________.
A.thatIamateacherB.Iwasateacher
C.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher
5.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”→He _____-verynaughty.
A.saidhismotherthattheboywas
B.saidtohismotherthattheboyis
C.toldhismotherthattheboywas
D.spoketohismotherthattheboywas
6.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.
→Sheasked________.
A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou
B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell
C.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.
7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”
→Heaskedme_________.
A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
D.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.
8.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heasked_______.
A.howamIgettingalong
B.howareyougettingalong
C.howIwasgettingalong
D.howwasIgettingalong
9.Heaskedme________withme.
A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwas
C.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter
10.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.
A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdo
C.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo
阅读下列句子，判断正确与错误，并将错句改正：
1.Hehasdevotedallhislifetoprotecttherareanimal,SouthChinatiger.
2.Thenumberofthemiludeerhavegrownyearbyyear.
3.Manyoftherareanimalsandplantsarenowinthedanger.
4.Doyoupreferlivinginthewildtoliveinthezoo?
5.Infact,natureisfarbetterforrecyclingthanwehumansare.
6.Thegoodnewsisthatitisalotwecandotohelp.
7.Heisnotusedtoliveinthebigcity.
8.Theanimalhasadaptedtotheirnewenvironment.
9.Weshouldtakemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.
10.Manytheearth’splantsandanimalshavealreadydiedout.
Unit10Americanliterature
Unit10Americanliterature
Ｉ．单元教学目标
技能目标SkillGoals
▲TalkaboutAmericanliterature
▲Practisepredictinganddescribingwhatastorymightbeabout
▲Reviewalltheverbtenses
▲Writeabookreview
II．目标语言
功能句式Predictanddescribewhatanovelwithacertainthememightbeabout.
Whatwouldbeaninterestingstory?
Whatwouldbeanexcitingplot?
Whatcharacterswouldlikelyappearinit?
Whatwouldthecharactersbelike?
Whereandwhenwouldthestorytakeplace?
Wouldyouliketoreadashortstoryoranovel?
Doyouwanttoreadforpleasureorforschool?
词汇1.四会词汇
garbage,maid,prince,outcome,penny,grocery,bakery,weep,furnish,shabby,mailbox,bell,rag,rare,garment,worn,carpet,barbershop,haircut,anecdote,booklet,mutton,stove,baggage,pale,prayer,approve,anyhow,shave,comb,tortoise,flash,simplify
2.认读词汇
DudleyRandall,Della,Dillingham,backyard,cascade,Sofronie,curl,ConeyIsland,WilliamSydneyPorter,Broadway,tortoiseshell,jewel,reaction
3.词组
attendto,takepridein,doup,letdown,fixsthon/uponsb,atlength
4．重点词汇
weep,furnish,shabby,anecdote,baggage,pale,approve,anyhow,shave,flash,simplify
语法Reviewalltheverbtenses.
重点句子1.Expenseshadbeengreaterthanshehadcalculated.P84
2.Shehesitatedforaminuteandstoodstillwhileatearortwofellonthewornredcarpet.P85
3.Therewasnootherlikeitinanyofthestores,andshehadturnedalloftheminsideout.P85
4.ItwasworthyoftheWatch.P85
5.It’llgrowagain—youwon’tmind,willyou?P88
6.I’mmewithoutmyhair,aren’tI?P88
III．教材分析与教材重组
1.教材分析
本单元以Americanliterature为话题,通过诗歌欣赏，判断文学作品主题和阅读文学名著等学习方式，使学生对美国文学的特点以及发展历史和现状有一定的认识和了解，并能用已有的关于美国的历史、政治、文化等方面的知识判断和描述一部文学作品的主题、内容梗概和写作方法；能够运用所学的语言知识和技能听懂以对话形式对文学俱乐部举行的某些活动的评论，如成功和失败之处、优点和缺点所在等；并能用英语谈论美国文学作品，包括判断主题、分析写作特点、讨论作品主人公的个性、总结中心思想等，并对作品加以评论。
1.1WARMINGUP用一首小诗激发学生对美国文学进一步了解的兴趣，并使学生对美国黑人的诗歌有一个初步认识。它既呈现了本单元的中心话题—Americanliterature，又以回答问题的形式帮助学生以这首小诗为线索去探究美国文学的特点，为以后关于“Americanliterature”的进一步听、说、读、写的学习打下基础。
1.2LISTENING包括两个部分。第一部分中要求学生在“听”之前谈论一下自己在英语角或英语俱乐部所参加过的活动以及他们的感受和经历；或者听说过的、更有趣的英语活动和学习途径，为下一步的“听”作充分的准备。第二部分是一篇对话，Ben,AnnandLily正在为俱乐部组织一次英语活动。该部分设置的问题是：分析本次活动成功的原因和一次英语角活动不成功的原因，有一定难度。通过这项任务的完成，培养学生抓住听力材料中的要点信息、同时加以分析和总结的能力。
1.3SPEAKING是一项对话练习，内容是根据所给出的四幅图片，运用已有的关于美国的历史知识去判断每幅图片有可能表达的一部文学作品的主题是什么。这项设计的特点是：①让学生使用有关谈论文学作品的特点、人物以及故事发生的时间、地点等方面的语言交流自己对某些文学作品看法和观点；②丰富学生谈论文学作品的语言，包括词汇和句型等；③激发学生对美国文学的兴趣，并加深对美国文学的了解，为今后喜爱阅读更多的美国文学作品的原著打下初步的基础。
1.4PRE-READING是READING的热身活动。设计了两个任务供学生实践和完成。第一项任务是：通过略读的方法快速获取信息并推断故事情节的进一步发展。第二项任务是：用浏览的方式在课文中快速找出特定的信息用以回答问题。
1.5READING是一部短篇小说，节选自美国著名短篇小说家欧亨利的著名短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》。文章讲述了一对穷困的年轻夫妇为互赠圣诞礼物而忍痛卖掉引以自豪的长发和怀表，却换来了不再起作用的发梳和表链的故事，反映了美国下层人民生活的艰难和辛酸，赞美了主人公善良的心地和相濡以沫的爱情。文章情节生动，构思巧妙，文笔简短而精练，结局出人意料。
1.6POST-READING部分设计了三类任务，其中第一类是针对文章的理解，评价学生对文章理解的程度(Exx.1—4)；第二类是要求学生以根据课文做出的正误判断题为线索写一篇描述德拉的短文(Ex.5)；第三类任务要求学生根据已知的故事情节推断小说后半部分的故事情节将会怎样发展(Ex.6)。后两项任务具有很大的灵活性和挑战性。
1.7LANGUAGESTUDY分为词汇和语法两项。词汇部分帮助学生学习用适合的形式和意义使用词汇和短语，旨在培养学生运用英语词汇和短语的能力。语法项目是复习动词的各种时态。
1.8INTEGRATINGSKILLS包括读和写两部分。该部分是READING的续篇。在这部分中，小说的故事情节有了戏剧性的发展和出乎意料、却又在情理之中的结局。该部分的教学重点是分析文章的写作特点和表现手法并启发学生细心体会作者是如何以文学作品为载体去表达一个深刻的思想内涵的。写作部分的任务有两项：一是根据所给出的四幅图片描写本篇小说的故事情节；二是写一篇这部小说的摘要并对此加以评论以提高学生的写作能力。
2.教材重组
2.1从话题内容上分析，WARMINGUP和SPEAKING以及Workbook中的TALKING比较一致;将这三部分整合在一起，设计成一节任务型“口语课”从教材份量来说也比较适当。
2.2无论从话题内容上分析，还是从训练目的上分析，LISTENING与Workbook中的LISTENING都相一致；因此，可将两个LISTENING整合在一起，设计成一节“听力课”。
2.3将PRE-READING,READING和POST-READING三个活动整合在一起设计成一节“阅读课（一）”。
2.4根据本单元的特点（INTEGRATINGSKILLS中的READING是READING的续篇），将INTEGRATINGSKILLS中的READING和WRITING整合成“阅读课（二）”紧接第三课时。
2.5将LANGUAGESTUDY与Workbook中的PRACTISING部分整合在一起，组成一节“语法课”。
2.6将Workbook中INTEGRATINGSKILLS的READING（泛读）“以及WRITING整合成一节“泛读与写作课”。
3.课型设计与课时分配（经教材分析，根据学情，本单元可以用6课时教完。）
1stPeriodSpeaking
2ndPeriodListening
3rdPeriodReading
4thPeriodExtensivereading
5thPeriodLanguagestudy
6thPeriodExtensiveReadingWriting
Ⅳ.分课时教案
TheFirstPeriodSpeaking
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
theme,Americanliterature,nativeAmericans,slavery,theCivilWar,asaguidefor,outcome
b.交际用语
Whatwouldbeaninterestingstory?
Whatwouldbeanexcitingplot?
Whatcharacterswouldappearinit?
Whatwouldthecharactersbelike?
Wherewouldthestorytakeplace?
Whenwouldthestorytakeplace?
Wouldyouliketoreadashortstoryoranovel?
Doyouwanttoreadforpleasureorforschool?
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
EnablethestudentstotalkaboutthethemesofAmericanliterature,tellwhattypeofstoriestheyliketoreadanddiscusswhysomebookswrittenbyAmericanwritersarepopularbutsomearenotsopopular.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
Helpthestudentslearnhowtopredictthethemesofnovelsaccordingtogiveninformation.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
LettheSslearntodescribeandpredictdifferentthemesofAmericanliteratureandwhattypeofstoriestheywouldliketoread.
Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点
HowtoexpresstheirideasaboutdifferentthemesofAmericanliteratureintheproperwaysuchasanexcitingplot,characters,whenandwherethestorytakingplaceandsoon.
Teachingmethods教学方法
1.Talkingmethod;
2.Pairworkorgroupworktohaveadiscussion.
Teachingaids教具准备
Acomputerandaprojector.
Teachingproceduresways教学过程与方式
StepIRevision
T:Goodmorning/afternoon,boysandgirls!
Ss:Goodmorning/afternoon,Sir/Madam!
T:Doyoulikereading?
Ss:Yes.Wealllikereading!
T:Idon’tthinkso.WheneverIseeyou,youaretalkingaboutsports,music,food,clothes,pictures,starsandsoon,butseldomareyoutalkingaboutreading.
Sa:Youarepartlyright,Sir/Madam.Weseldomtalkaboutreadingjustbecausewehavedifferentinterestsindifferentkindsofliteratureworksanddifferentthemes.
Sb:Alsobecausewehavetoreadsomuchforschooleverydayandhavesolittletimetoreadwhatwelikeforpleasure.
T:Oh,I’msorryforwhatIsaidjustmow.Thatistosay,youdidyourhomeworkverywellyesterday?
Ss:Certainly!
T:AndyouhavegotasmuchknowledgeaboutAmericanliteratureasyoucan?
Ss:Yes!
T:Great!Let’shaveacompetitionbetweenboysandgirls.Thosewholiketojoininthecompetitionstandinlines,boysstandontheleft,girlsright.Ourcompetitionwillgoonlikethis:Eachofthegroupnumberswillwriteoutoneworkwithitswriter’snameontheblackboard,dothatinturnineachofyourgroupsasquicklyasyoucan.Youcanwritedifferentworksbythesamewriter,butcan’twritethesamework.OK?Anotherthing:Ifyoubothgetthesamenumberoftheworks,thegroupwithmoredifferentwriterswillbethewinner.We’llfinishitwithinthreeminutes.Areyouready?One,two,three,go!
Afewminuteslater,checktheworktogetherandcongratulateonthewinninggroup.Thenhandouttheprizespreparedforthewinnerstoencouragethem.
Possibleresult(B):blackwriter
BoyGroup
TheAdventureofTomSawyer
——MarkTwain
TheBeastintheJungle
——HenryJames
MainStreet
——SinclairLewis
NativeSon
——RichardWright(B)
TheScarletLetter
——NathanielHawthorne
TheOldManandtheSea
——ErnestHemingway
TheCalloftheWild
——JackLondon
MartinEden
——JackLondonGirlGroup
AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn
——MarkTwain
TheCantos
——EzraPound
TheGrapeofWrath
——JohnSteinbeck
InvisibleMan
——RalphEllison(B)
AFarewelltoArms
——ErnestHemingway
TheGiftoftheMagi
——O.Henry
TheLastLeaf
——O.Henry
...
Theboygroupwinsthecompetitionwithsevendifferentworksandwriters.
StepIIWarmingup
TalkaboutsomefamousAmericanwritersandtheirfamousworksappearingonthescreen.
T:Youdidagreatandexcitingjobjustnow.Well,let’slookatsomepictures.Doyouknowsomethingaboutthem?Ifyouknow,pleasetellusasmuchasyoucan.
ShowsomepicturesaboutsomefamousAmericanwriterssuchasMarkTwain,ErnestHemingway,O.Henry,NathanielHawthorne,andsoon.Atthesametime,asktheSstotrytotalkaboutthepicturesinorderthattheSscandrawasmuchinformationaboutAmericanliteratureaspossible.
ShowthepictureofNathanielHawthorneandhisfamousworkTheScarletLetteronthescreen.
T:Who’she?Andhaveyoureadthenovel?
Sa:HeisNathanielHawthorne.Iknowalittleabouthim.HawthorneisanovelistandshortstorywriterandTheScarletLetterisoneofhismostsuccessfulworks.ButIhaven’treadthenovel.
T:Good.Doyouknowsomeotherbest-knownworkswrittenbyHawthorne？
Sb:Letmetry.TheHouseoftheSevenGables,TwiceToldTalesandTheArtistoftheBeautiful.
T:Verygood!Let’sseesomethingabouthim.
Showthebriefintroductiononthescreenandasksomeonetoreaditaloud.
NathanielHawthorne
BorninSalem,Massachusetts.Novelistandshortstorywriter,acentralfigureintheAmericanRenaissance.NathanielHawthorne’sbest-knownworksincludeTheScarletLetter(1850)andTheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851).
T:WehavelearnedsomethingaboutNathanielHawthorne.Nowlookatthis!Haveyoureadthestory?Anddoyouknowsomethingaboutitswriter?
ShowthepicturesofHarrietBeecherStoweandherfamousworkUncleTom’scabinonthescreen.
Sc:Yes!Manyofushavereadthestory.Itisanantislaverynovelwrittenin1852byHarrietBeecherStowe.Thestorywasaboutafaithfulblackslavewaskilledbyacruelwhiteenslaverandmadepeopleknowhowcrueltheslaverywas.Itarousedthepeople’ssympathies.
T:Great!Now,let’slearnsomethingmoreaboutHarrietBeecherStowe.
Showthebriefintroductiononthescreenandasksomeonetoreaditaloud.
HarrietBeecherStowe
BornintheUSA.in1811.HerbookUncleTom’scabinnotonlymadeherfamousbutalsoshooktheworldandwashelpfulincausingtheAmericanCivilWar.TherewastimewheneveryEnglish-speakingpersonhadreadthenovelthatdidsomuchtostopslavery.PresidentLincolngreetedherasthe“littlewomanwhowrotethebookthatmadethisGreatWar.”
T:Haveyoureadthesepoems?
Showthepoetryanthologyonthescreen.
Ss:No.Heardaboutitbuthaven’treadit./Yes.Thepoemsintheanthologyarewonderful...
T:Yes.ThatisawonderfulpoetryanthologywrittenbyagreatpoetWaltWhitman.In1855Whitmanpublishedavolumeof12poemsathisownexpense,LeavesofGrass,whichhehadbegunworkingonprobablyasearlyas1847.Itwascriticizedbecauseofitsinnovationinverseform,thatis,theuseoffreeverseinlongrhythmicallineswithanatural,“organic”structure.
Whileintroducingthewriterandhispoems,showtheportraitofWaltWhitmanandthebookandthelogcabinwheretheworkwasbornonthescreen.
T:Nowlet’sappreciatetheversesfromoneofhispoems.
Showtheversesonthescreen.
OCaptain!myCaptain!ourfearfultripisdone;Theshiphasweather’deveryrack,theprizewesoughtiswon.
——OCaptain!MyCaptain!
WaltWhitman
T:Canyoutastethedeepmeaning?
Ss:Sorry...
T:HereWaltWhitmancomparesAmericatotheship,Lincolntothecaptain.Theship“hasweather’deveryrack”,whiletheirgreatcaptainlaydownforever.
Ss:...(TheSswillfeelverysorrywhenhearingthis.)
T:Yes.Thatiswhatgoodliteratureworksbringus.Look,Youmusthavereadthisbook.
ShowthebookTheAdventureofTomSawyeronthescreen.
Ss:Yes!Almosteveryonehasreadthebook.That’sveryinterestingandexcitingandmeaningful!
T:Whowroteit?
Ss:MarkTwain!!
ShowthepictureofMarkTwain.
T:MarkTwainishispenname.Doyouknowhisrealname?
Ss:SamuelLanghorneClemens.
T:That’sright.Canyoucountmoreofhisworks?
Sd:Certainly!BesidesTheAdventureofTomSawyer,hewrotemanyinterestingandhumorousstoriessuchasAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,TheMysteriousStranger,LifeontheMississippi,TheGildedAgeandsonon.
Se:Alongwithessays,criticalworks,andmore.
T:Verygood!HereonthescreenaresomemoreinformationaboutMarkTwain.Pleasegothroughitbyyourselves.
AboutMarkTwain:
MarkTwain,pennameofSamuelLanghorneClemens,wasagreatliterarygiantofAmerica,whowasconsidered“thetruefatherofournationalliterature”.
ThetypicalthemeinClemens’writingwasthenarrationofastorybyayoungornativeperson.Whenhewroteaboutyouth,theyouthwasusuallywisebeyondhisyearsbutremainedanidealismwhichClementscomparedwiththeinsincerityandcrueltyoftheadultworld.
T:Tillnow,we’velearnedaboutmanyfamouswritersofAmericaandtheirworks,buthaveyoureadthiswork?PointingtothepoemonPage82.
Ss:No,wehaven’t.
T:Nowpleasereaditcarefullytwiceorthreetimes,thengothoughthequestionsgivenbelowandhaveadiscussioningroupsoffour.Afewminuteslater,I’llcheckyourjobs.
IfthereisenoughtimeorthestudentshaveenoughknowledgeabouttheAmericanliteratureandwriters,theteachercanhavetheSstalkmoreaboutthem.
Afewminuteslater.
T:Areyouready?
Ss:Yes!
T:Everyoneknowsthatthetextyou’vejustreadisapoem,yes?
Ss:Yes!That’sveryclear.
T:Canyouguesswhowrotethepoem?Imean,wasitwrittenbyawhitepoetorablackone?
Sf:Ithinkitwaswrittenbyablackpoet.
T:Butwhydoyouthinkso?
Sg:Becauseit’stalkingaboutlowestworkingpeopleallthewayandgivesthemandtheirworkhighgloryandshowstherespecttotheirancestors.
Sh:Ithinkso.Although“theblack”isn’tmentionedasingletimeinthepoem,stillIcanfeelitwaswrittenbyablackpoetthroughthesensibilitiesandthelanguages.Itdescribesthehardworkoftheirancestorsaswellastheirpoorlivingconditions.Whooncelivedamiserablelifelikepigs?Slaves!Whooncewereforcedtobeslaves?Blackpeople!
Si:Yes.Andwhomadetheblackpeople,bornfreeones,slaves?TheearlywhitesettlersinAmerica!SoIcanjudgeitmustbeAmericanliterature,andcouldn’tbewrittenbyanypoetfromanothercountry.AlsoIcanreadouttheblackpeople’saspirationforfreedomandequality.
T:Good!Wonderfuldeducing!Andwhatdeepthoughtcanwegetfromthepoem?
Sj:Ithinkthepoemisaboutaccusingofslaveryandtheunfairnessofthesociety.Itshowsusaspiritoffreedomandtellsusthatpeopleareborntobeequalandnobodyisnoblerorlower.
T:Verygoodanswers,andyouallhavedeepthinkingaboutthepurposeofthewriter.
Sk:JustnowSisaiditmustbeAmericanliterature,Iagreewithit.Fromthehistoryandthesubstanceofthepoemwecanknowthis.AmericausedtobeacolonyofEngland.SlaveryexistedinAmericaforalongtime.Slavesweretreatedcruellyasdraughtanimals.AsAmericahadnotaperiodoffeudal,Americansdidn’tbelieveinKingsandQueens.AftertheIndependentWarandtheCivilWar,Americamarchedontofreedom.Atthattime,slaveryhadbeenabolishedbutthethinkingofslaveryandracialdiscriminationstillrootedinthemindsofAmericans.Thewriterwantedtobreakthewallbetweenpeople,callforequalityandblackpeople’sself-respectandconfidence.Sohewrotethispoem.
T:Great!You’veanalyzedthehistoryoriginandmadetheanswerreasonable.Andthen,whocantellussomethingaboutthewriter,whosenamewasmarkedbelowthepoem?
Sl:Iknowsomethingabouthim.DudleyRandallwasborninWashington,D.C.in1914.HeworkedduringtheDepressioninthefoundryoftheFordMotorCompanyinDearborn,Michigan,andthenasacarrierandclerkfortheU.S.PostOfficeinDetroit.HeservedintheU.S.ArmySignalCorps,andgraduatedfromWayneStateUniversityandtheUniversityofMichigan.
Sm:Hewasalibrarianatseveraluniversities,andfoundedtheBroadsidePressin1965“soblackpeoplecouldspeaktoandfortheirpeople”.
T:Verygood.Andwhatabouthisideatotheblackpoets?
Sn:RandalltoldNegroDigest,“Precisionandaccuracyarenecessaryforbothwhiteandblackwriters...‘Ablackaesthetic’shouldnotbeanexcuseforsloppywriting.”HeurgedAfricanAmericanwriterstorejectwhatwasfalsein“white”poetry,butnottoforsakeuniversalconcernsinfavorofaracialagenda.
T:Wonderfulandclear!Whocantellsomethingabouthisachievements?
So:Letmetry.HisworksincludeOnGettingaNaturalandALitanyofFriends;NewandSelectedPoems.HeeditedTheBlackPoets,anextensiveanthologyofpoetry,fromslavesongstothepresent.
T:Excellentjobsyou’vedone!
ShowthepicturesofDudleyRandallandoneofhisworks.
T:WhenlookingbackthehistoryandlifeintheUnitedStates,whatspecialthemesandwhatsortofstorieswouldyouexpectforAmericanliterature?Iwanttoknowyourideas.
Sp:Iwanttoreportmyidea.AmericausedtobeacolonyofEnglandandslaveryexistedforalongtime.FreedomcametrueaftertheIndependentWarandtheCivilWar.Therewerealotofstoriesaboutloveandcourageinwars.SothefightsaboutAmericanespeciallyblackpeoplewhofoughtforfreedomandequalrightsmustbeveryexciting.
Sq:I’vereadthestoryAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnwrittenbyMarkTwain,whichisaboutawhiteboyandablackslaverunningawayfromtheirterribleplacestogethertohavetheiradventuretravel.Thestoryisveryinterestingandexciting.
Sr:Iexpectforthemesaboutwars.Thefuriouswarcanshowusthestrongforcetotheslaveryandbringuscourageandpower.Certainly,thisthemecanmakeusfeelexcitedandthrilling.
St:Thethemesaboutthecommonpeople’slifeofAmericawillbeattractions,fromwhichwecanknowmoreaboutthereallifeofpeopleinlowerclass.Thiskindofthemesisoftenrealisticandmovingwithkindandhard-workingcharactersinthem.Wecanlearnmorefromthemandgetedificationinheart.
T:Good!AndyouhavesomuchwonderfulthoughtthatIalmostwanttoreadallofthethemesoftheAmericanliteratureworks.HowcouldIdoandwhichoneshouldIchoose?
TheSswillhaveavarietyofideasaboutthethemesofAmericanliterature.Dealwiththesituationabouttheirdiscussionandletthemreportfreelydependingontimeandthecase.Collecttheideasabouttheirinterestingthemesbymakingaformforthestudentstofillin.
Possiblelist
ThemesWorksWriter
AntislaveryandCivilWarUncleTom’scabin
TheSlaveHarrietBeecherStoweRichardHildreth
NativeAmericanTheAdventureofTomSawyer
LifeontheMississippiMarkTwain
WesternPioneersShaneJackSchaefer
NeuterLeavesofGrassWaltWhitman
CommonlifeTheGiftoftheMagiO.Henry
………
StepIIISpeaking
T:Fromwhatyoudidjustnow,Ibelieveyou’veknownmuchabouttheAmericanliterature.Youknowthemajorthemesintheliteratureofacountryreflectimportanteventsorperiodsinthehistoryofthecountry.TherearefourpictureshereaboutAmericanliterature.LookatthemanduseyourhistoryknowledgeabouttheUSA.Workinpairsanddiscusswhatkindofstoriesyou’dliketoread,usingtheusefulexpressionsonPage84.Afewminutes1ater,I’llasksomeofyoutopresentyourideasintheformofdialoguestotheclass.OK?
Ss:Yes!
Thestudentsstarttohaveadiscussioninpairs,whiletheteachergoesamongthemtoseeiftheyhaveanyquestionsanddirectsthestudents’activities.
Afewminuteslater.
T:Areyouready?
Ss:Yes.
T:Whowantstobevolunteer?
Ss:(Thefirstpair)Letushaveatry.
PossibleDialogues
Picture1
A:DoyouknowwhowasthenativeofAmericabeforeEuropeancame?
B:Ithink,it’sIndian,AmericanIndian.Therearealotofstoriesaboutthem,andsomeareveryinteresting,especiallysomeabouttherelationshipbetweenIndiansandwhitepersons.
A:Really?Ifeeltheurgeinmyhearttoknowsomethingaboutthem.Doyouknowanyfamousnovelsaboutthem?
B:Sorry,butIhaveseenafilmnamed“Dancingwiththewolves”,it’sastoryaboutacaptain,anEnglishwhiteman,whowenttothewestpartofAmerica,whenalotofpeoplehadgonethereandIndianswerediscriminatedandkilledbywhitepersons.HemadefriendswithagroupofIndiansandhelpedthemnotbehurtbywhitepeople.It’saverysadstory.
A:Theremustbeanexcitingplot!Iwon’tmissit.
B:Ihopeyoucanenjoyit.
Picture2
A:IlikecowboyverymuchandIevendreamthatIcangotoAmericaandbeacowboyoneday.
B:Well,itisreallyawonderfuldream.ButhowmuchdoyoulearnaboutthelifeofcowboyinAmerica?
A:Verylittle,thatiswhatIwanttoknow.
B:IthinkIcantellyousomethingaboutit.Whenthepopulationofsettlersbecamelargerandlagerinthe1800s,manypeoplewenttothewestland.Theywereattractedbythelowpriceofthelandandthechancetoearnmoney.Atthattime,cowsweremorethanpeople,socowboyswereneeded.Torunafterthecows,cowboysrodehorsesandworeleatherboots.Theycreatedtheirspecialsongs,stories,lifestylesandspecialcharacters.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthem,youcanreadsomebooks,forexample,LifeontheBackofHorseandTheNotoriousJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty.
A:Thankyouverymuch.Iwillgotothelibrary.
Picture3
A:Youhavebeentothelibrary,haven’tyou?
B:Yes,I’vejustborrowedsomeinterestingbooks.
A:Well,letmesee.Er…YouseemtolikeMarkTwain.
B:Notverymuch,butIreallylikehisnovelAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,hiswell-knownbook.
A:Itsoundsinteresting.Whatisitabout?
B:ThestoryhappenedduringAmericanCivilWar.Acleverandkind-heartedboynamedHuckleberryFinnhelpedhisfriend,aslave,escapefromhisowner’sgarden.TheytraveledalongtheMississippi,andfinallytheygottothenorthpartofAmerica.Duringtheirincredibletrip,theybuiltafriendship.Astheslavegotfreedom,thestorygotahappyending.Thestoryshowsussomefactsofthewarandtellsusthattheslavesshouldbetreatedfair.
A:Itisreallyinteresting.IhopeIcanreadthisbookwhenyoufinishreadingit.
B:Noproblem!
Picture4
A:DoyouknowsomethingabouttheGreatDepressionat1933-1937?
B:It’saterribleeventforthewholeworld.Noonecanforgetit.Millionsofbusinesseswentbankrupt,millionsofpeoplelosttheirjobs,andmillionsofpeoplecouldnotsupporttheirchildren’sfood.ItwasalsoonereasonoftheWorldWarII.Ifyouwanttoknowit,youcanreadthebook“LiveofRoosevelt”.Itdescribesthisevent.
A:No,Idon’twanttoreadthiskindofbooks.Iwantsomestoriesatthattime,justforpleasure.Itneedsinterestingcharacters,excitingplotsandsoon,youknow?
B:Oh,wouldyouliketoreadnovels?You’vefoundtherightperson!YoucanreadsomestorieswrittenbyFrancisScottFitzgeraldsuchasTheGreatGatsby,TenderIsTheNightandTheLastTycoon.HisworkslayoutthebleakvisageinspiritinAmericanupperclassduringtheGreatDepression.IalsoadviseyoutoseesomefilmsofChaplin,hisfilmsreflectthelowest-classlifeatthattimeandtheyareveryinterestingandcangiveyoualotofadvicetofightwithterror.
T:Verygoodandwonderfuljob!Thankyouandsitdown,please!
StepIVTalking(WorkbookonPage218)
Letthestudentsworkingroupsoffour.ChooseoneofthegroupsoftheauthorsandhavethediscussionaboutwhysuchbooksarepopularornotpopularinChina.WhiletheSsdotheirgroupwork,goamongthemtoseeiftheyhaveanyquestionsanddirectthem.Afewminuteslater.
T:Wouldyouliketomaketheclassknowtheoutcomeofyourdiscussion?
Ss:Yes!
T:Who’dliketobethefirst?
Ss:(Thefirstgroup)We’lltryfirst.We’dliketotalkaboutEdgarSnow.
A:EdgarSnowwasanAmericanjournalistreportingonChina,andwasfamousforhisbookRedStarOverChina.I’vereadit.It’sveryauthenticandmoving.
B:Whatisthebookabout?Iheardaboutitbuthaven’treadit.IsitpopularinChina?
C:Yesit’sverypopular.In1936,hestartedhistravelfromBeijingandatlasthegottotheRedAreasofChina.ThereheinterviewedMaoZedongandrecordedfactuallyeverydaylifeoftherevolutionistsofChina.
D:InNovemberof1936,hewentbacktoBeijingandwrotedownwhathesawandheard.Atlast,hecollectedallhisreportsinthebookRedStarOverChina.
A:ThereisanotherreasonwhyitispopularinChina.Itisthefirstbookwrittenbyawesterner,inwhichtheRedAreasandthepeopletherearereportedfactually.
C:EdgarSnowwasanhonestperson.Healwayssoughttruefactsinbothhisbooksandlife.AndheisagoodfriendofChinesepeople.
B:Isee!Thepopularityofhisbookisbasedonhisnoblecharacter.Imustreadhisbookcarefully.
T:Verygood!Itseemsthatmostofyouhavereadthebook.It’sreallypopularinourcountry.
Ss:(Thesecondgroup)We’lltalkaboutIsraelEpstein.
A:I’mreadingthebookWomaninWorldHistory:LifeandTimesofSoongChingLingwrittenbyIsraelEpstein.
B:Oh,Ihaveheardofhim.HewasborninPolandandbecameaChinesecitizenin1957.
C:ButIheardhedied4daysago!
D:Yes.HehadbeenlivingandworkinginChinaformorethan70years.HewrotebooksaboutChinesehistory,China’srevolutionandconstruction.
C:IheardthathewasapersonalfriendofSoongChingLingandthebookyouarereadingisabiographyhewroteforher.
D:HelovedChinaandChinesepeopleverymuch,sothebookshewroteareverypopularinChina
T:Wonderfuljob!Doyouhaveanydifferentideas?
Ss:(Thethirdgroup)WehavesomeviewsaboutPearlSBuck.
A:TheGoodEarthisaboutChinesepeasants’lifeinthe1930swrittenbyPearlSBuck,whogainedNobelPrizeofliteratureforthisbook.
B:Ihavereadthisbook,itdescribesChinesepeasants’lifefactuallyanddeeply.Whenitwaspublishedin1931,itsoonbecamebestsellerinAmericaandwastranslatedintomanylanguages.
C:She’sawesternwomanwriterwithdisputation.InChina,someonelikesherworkwhilesomeonenotbecausethedescriptionaboutChinesepeasants’lifeisthethoughttohavesuspicionofsmear.
D:Yes.In1935,whenthebookwaspublished,itcausedagreatuproarintheworld.Whetherornot,ithasbeentranslatedintomanylanguagesandiswidespreadinwesterncountries.ItcontributedalottothepositiveimagethatWesternershaveaboutChinesepeople.
T:Youreallyhavedeepthoughtabouttheauthor.That’svaluable.Anyoneelse?
Ss:(Thegroupfour)WewanttosaysomethingaboutLinYutang,who’stheonlyChineseamongtheauthorsgiven.
A:DoyouknowaboutLinYutang?
B:Certainly!HewasafamouswriterandlearnerintheearlytwentiethcenturyinChina.HeoncetaughtinQinghuaUniversityandthenwenttostudyinAmericaandGermany.Inthe1920shecamebacktoteachinBeijingUniversityandhewasasupporterofthepatrioticstudentmovement.
C:LinYutangwrotealotofarticlesandbooksandcreatedmanykindsofmagazines.Hewrotemorethan30booksinEnglish,ofwhichMyCountryandMyPeoplewasthemostpopular.
A:Whatisitabout?
D:Itdescribestemperament,heart,dream,life,honesty,societyandcultureofChineseandcontraststhemwiththoseofwesterners.HewasaChinesewriterwithagreatinfluenceonwesternunderstandingoftheChinese.
A:Butwhydon’tIknowthese?PerhapsIreadlessthanyoudid?Orheseemsnottobesopopular?
T:That’sverygood!
Asksomemoregroupsofthestudentstoactouttheirdialogues.Theremaybeavarietyofpossibleideastocomeupwith.
StepVHomework
T:Youhavedoneverywellintheclass.That’sallforthisperiod.Homeworkfortoday:
FindoutsomegoodEnglishlittlepoemstoreadaloud,youcandothatwithmusic.Andifpossible,youcanmakesomeslidesonPowerPointtoshowyourpoemstotheclasswhileyouarereadingaloud.Preparefortheworkcarefullyandyou’llgetalotoffunwithit.Goodbye,everyone!
Ss:Goodbye,sir/madam.
