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高中英语定语从句教案

发表时间:2021-05-02

2011届中考英语定语从句复习。

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定语从句
?
(一)知识概要?
定语从句并不属于中考范围,但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到,这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生,想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平,但总是碰到一些问题,百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平,无法提高,但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的,所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难,也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路,特用这一节讲述定语从句,不是从语法上讲述,而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。?对于形容词我们已十分熟悉了,如:agoodbook,形容词good用来修饰书book。我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词,这种句子叫做形容词性从句,它起修饰名词的作用,又被叫做定语从句(Theattributiveclause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前,而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词,如:Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusthetalkthisafternoon?这句中的主句是Doyouknowthescientist?(你知道那位科学家吗?)而whogaveusthetalkthisafternoon(他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是:你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗?这里scientist叫作先行词,而who叫作定语从句的引导词。who在定语从句中起主语的作用,who的数与它的先行词相同。又如:YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo?这里先行词是everything,而thatIdo是定语从句,此句应译为:你必须作我所作的一切。that叫作定语从句的引导词,在句中作do的宾语。?引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why,how。不论关系代词还是关系副词,都应放于先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用,充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语,而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。① that的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如:Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly?这里先行词是machine而that是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。这句译为:飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如:Ilikethebook(that)youlentmeyesterday?这里先行词是book,关系代词用that,它在定语从句中作lend(借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,即:Ilikethebookyoulentmeyesterday?② which关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如:Thebookshopisashopwhichsellsbooks?这里shop是先行词,which在从句中作主语。又如:Thebook(which)Ireadlastnightwaswonderful?这里主句是Thebookwaswonderful?而定语从句是修饰主句的主语book,即我昨晚读的那本书,which在定语从句中作read的宾语,可以省略。?③ who,whom,whose?who在定语从句中作主语,whom是who的宾格,在定语从句中作宾语,而whose则是形容词性物主代词,在从句中作定语,如:ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisanAmericanfriend?昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。Who在定语从句中作主语。又如:Whosthatwoman(whom)youjusttalkedto?你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而whom作定语从句中介词to的宾语,可以省略,而在现代英语中,句首的whom也常常可用who代替。?Thisisourclassmate,Mary,whosehomeisnotfarfromourschool?这是我们的同学玛丽,她的家离我们学校不远。?为了便于理解,我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。?
1. Isawtheman.?Heclosedthedoor??
Isawthemanwho(that)closedthedoor?
2. Thegirlishappy?Shewontherace??
Thegirlwhowontheraceishappy?
3. ThestudentsarefromChina?Theysitinthefrontrow??
ThestudentswhositinthefrontrowarefromChina?
(要注意的是先行词是students则who的数也应看作复数。)?
4. Wearestudyingsentences?Theycontainadjectivedause??
Wearestudyingsentencesthat(which)containadjectivedause??
5. Thetaxidriverwasfriendly?Hetookmetotheairport??
Thetaxidriverwhotookmetotheairportwasfriendly??
6. Thebookwasgood?Ireadit??
ThebookthatIreadwasgood??
ThebookIreadwasgood??
7. Thepeoplewereverynice?Wevisitedthemyesterday??
Thepeoplewevisitedyesterdaywereverynice?
8. Themancalledthepolice?Hiswalletwasstolen??
Themanwhosewalletwasstolencalledthepolice?
9. Icomefromacountry?Itshistorygoesbackthousandsofyears??
Icomefromacountrywhosehistorygoesbackthousandsofyears?
10. Ihavetocalltheman?Ipickeduphisumbrellaafterthemeeting??
IhavetocallthemanwhoseumbrellaIpickedupafterthemeeting?
关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:
Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears?或可以写作:
Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears??
Hewasthemanwhom(who)youwerelookingfor?要注意的是此句的关系代词whom可以用主格取代,而lookfor是短语动词也不可将for放于定语从句之前。that作关系代词作介词宾语时,不能紧跟介词,而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如:Themanthatweweretalkingabouthascometoourschool?这时不可用aboutthat…请看下面例句:?
1. Themeetingwasinteresting?Iwenttoit??
ThemeetingthatIwenttowasinteresting??
2. Themanwasverykind?Italkedtohimyesterday??
ThemanwhoItalkedtoyesterdaywasverykind?
3. Imustthankthepeople?Igotapresentfromhim??
ImustthankthepeoplewhoIgotapresentfrom?
4. Thepicturewasbeautiful?Shewaslookingatit??
Thepicturethat(which)shewaslookingatwasbeautiful?
5. Themanisstandingoverthere?Itoldyouabouthim??
ThemanwhoItoldyouaboutisstandingoverthere?
?
除关系代词外,还有关系副词,when,where,why,其中when用来指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:IneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametotheGreatWall?而where则指地点,如:Thisisthehousewheretheoldmanlives?请看下面例句:
1. Thecitywasbeautiful?Wespentourvacationthere??
Thecitywherewespentourvacationwasbeautiful?
?
2. Thatistherestaurant?Iwillmeetyouthere??
ThatistherestaurantwhereIwillmeetyou?
?
3. Thetownissmall?Igrewupthere??
ThetownwhereIgrewupissmall?
?
4. Thatisthedrawer?Ikeepmynewpapersthere??
ThatisthedrawerwhereIkeepmynewspapers?
?
5. Mondayistheday?Wewillcomethen??
Mondayistheday?Whenwewillcame?
?
6. 7∶05isthetimeMyplanearrivesthen??
7∶05isthetimewhenmyplanearrives?
?
7. 1960istheyear?Therevolutiontookplacethen??
1960istheyearwhentherevolutiontookplace?
?
8. Julyisthemonth?Theweatherisusuallythehottestthen??
Julyisthemonthwhentheweatherisusuallythehottest??
在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。?
① 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉的话,主句的意思就不完整,意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词,如:?Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited??
② 非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对其附加说明,也就是讲即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响,仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句,如:AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasshotonApril14, 1865atatheatreinwashington?D. C. 又如:GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,wherethereisaleaningtowerabout180feethigh???
(二)正误辨析?
[误]IwonttellyouthenameofthepersonwhoteachmeEnglish??
[正]IwonttellyouthenameofthepersonwhoteachesmeEnglish??
[析]在定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,从它本身看不出其数的形式,这时要由它的先行词决定。这里who应由theperson单数决定,应该用单数谓语动词。又如:Iwhoamastudent?wanttofindasparetimejob?这里的who应与I是一致的,所以其谓语动词应该用am。?
[误]WetalkedaboutthethingsandthepeoplewhowemetduringtheSecondWorldWar??
[正]WetalkedaboutthethingsandthepeoplethatwemetduringtheSecondWorldWar??
[析]这里的关系代词不要用who,因为其先行词有两个一个是things(物),而另一个是people(人),这时既不可用who,又不可用which,因前者只能用于先行词是人的情况下,而后者则用于先行词是物的情况下,所以只能用that,因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。?
[误]Thebook,thatIboughtyesterday,wasverygood?
[正]Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,wasverygood??
[析]先行词与定语从句被逗号分割开来时,即作为非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中which,when,who,whom,where,when,whose等都可以和限制性定语从句中的作用一样,而独有that不易用于非限制性定语从句。?
[误]ThedictionarywhichIlentityesterdayisaveryusefultool??
[正]ThedictionarywhichIlentyesterdayisaveryusefultool??
[析]关系代词在定语从句中是要起语法作用的,它不是作主语就是作宾语。虽然在作宾语时它的位置由原来的宾语位置移到了句首,但它的作用依然存在,而且在原宾语位置上不能再出现宾语。?
[误]TheteacherIwanttolearnEnglishfromistheonewhichcomesfromAmerica
[正]TheteacherIwanttolearnEnglishfromistheonewhocomesfromAmerica
[析]theone,anyone,those作代词并且是指某人、物时,其关系代词不能用which应用who。?
[误]Thisistheroominthattheoldmanlives??
[正]Thisistheroominwhichtheoldmanlives??
[正]Thisistheroomwhichtheoldmanlivesin??
[正]Thisistheroomthattheoldmanlivesin??
[析]that不能紧跟在介词后作介词宾语,但如果介词不前置仍放于句尾,则可用that作引导词,而且可以省略。如:Thisistheroomtheoldmanlivesin??
[误]Icandoeverythingwhichisgoodforyou??
[正]Icandoeverythingthatisgoodforyou??
[析]在先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时,虽然它们指的是物体,但不要用which而用that作定语从句的引导词。?
[误]Theonlythingwhichthestudentscandoisstudyinghard??
[正]Theonlythingthatthestudentscandoisstudyinghard??
[析]在先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等词修饰时,虽然先行词指的是物,也不要用which作关系代词,而要用that。?
[误]ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmwhichIveeverseen??
[正]ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmthatIveeverseen??
[析]在先行词是序数词,或由序数词修饰时,其关系代词不可用which?这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后,如:ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverseen
[误]HeisfromAfrica,thatwecanseefromthecolouroftheskin??
[正]HeisfromAfrica,aswecanseefromthecolouroftheskin??
[析]当as或which引导非限制性定语从句时,它可能没有明确的先行词,它们所指代的是前面整个句子。如例题应译为他是从非洲来这个事情是可以从其肤色上看出的。?

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中考英语定语从句复习归纳


中考英语定语从句复习归纳

(一)知识概要?

定语从句并不属于中考范围,但由于作者在多年的教学中体会到,这一语法现象影响了许多学生自学英语。这些学生一般是成绩较好的学生,想进行大量阅读来提高自己的英语水平,但总是碰到一些问题,百思不得其解。苦于自己的水平只限于初中水平,无法提高,但各种补习班又都是为一些水平较差的学生开设的,所以又投师无门。为了解决这部分学生的学习困难,也为那些有志青年铺平学习上的道路,特用这一节讲述定语从句,不是从语法上讲述,而是从阅读理解方面去讲述。可供同学们在学习时参考。这会对你的英语学习起到事半功倍的作用。对于形容词我们已十分熟悉了,如:agoodbook,形容词good用来修饰书book。我们也可以用一个句子来修饰名词,这种句子叫做形容词性从句,它起修饰名词的作用,又被叫做定语从句(Theattributiveclause)。但有一点不同的是这个从句不是像形容词那样放于名词前,而是放在名词之后。它所修饰的名词又被叫作先行词,如:Doyouknowthescientistwhogaveusthetalkthisafternoon?这句中的主句是Doyouknowthescientist?(你知道那位科学家吗?)而whogaveusthetalkthisafternoon(他今天下午给我们作的报告。)是定语从句。所以这两句话合为一体即是:

你认识今天下午给我们作报告的那位科学家吗?这里scientist叫作先行词,而who叫作定语从句的引导词。who在定语从句中起主语的作用,who的数与它的先行词相同。又如:YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo这里先行词是everything,而thatIdo是定语从句,此句应译为:你必须作我所作的一切。that叫作定语从句的引导词,在句中作do的宾语。引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why,how。不论关系代词还是关系副词,都应放于先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用,充当一个成份。如关系代词在定语从句中不是作主语便是作宾语,而关系副词则是作状语。我们先来看关系代词的用法。①that的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如:Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly这里先行词是machine而that是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。这句译为:飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如:Ilikethebook(that)youlentmeyesterday这里先行词是book,关系代词用that,它在定语从句中作lend(借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,即:Ilikethebookyoulentmeyesterday②which关系代词的先行词只能是物。它在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如:Thebookshopisashopwhichsellsbooks这里shop是先行词,which在从句中作主语。又如:Thebook(which)Ireadlastnightwaswonderful这里主句是Thebookwaswonderful而定语从句是修饰主句的主语book,即我昨晚读的那本书,which在定语从句中作read的宾语,可以省略。③who,whom,whose?who在定语从句中作主语,whom是who的宾格,在定语从句中作宾语,而whose则是形容词性物主代词,在从句中作定语,如:ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisanAmericanfriend昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。Who在定语从句中作主语。又如:Whosthatwoman(whom)youjusttalkedto?你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而whom作定语从句中介词to的宾语,可以省略,而在现代英语中,句首的whom也常常可用who代替。Thisisourclassmate,Mary,whosehomeisnotfarfromourschool这是我们的同学玛丽,她的家离我们学校不远。为了便于理解,我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。?

1.Isawtheman.Heclosedthedoor??

Isawthemanwho(that)closedthedoor?

2.Thegirlishappy.Shewontherace??

Thegirlwhowontheraceishappy.?

3.ThestudentsarefromChina.Theysitinthefrontrow.??

ThestudentswhositinthefrontrowarefromChina?

(要注意的是先行词是students则who的数也应看作复数。)?

4.Wearestudyingsentences.Theycontainadjectivedause.??

Wearestudyingsentencesthat(which)containadjectivedause??

5.Thetaxidriverwasfriendly.Hetookmetotheairport.??

Thetaxidriverwhotookmetotheairportwasfriendly.??

6.Thebookwasgood.Ireadit??

ThebookthatIreadwasgood.??

ThebookIreadwasgood.??

7.Thepeoplewereverynice.Wevisitedthemyesterday.??

Thepeoplewevisitedyesterdaywereverynice.?

8.Themancalledthepolice.Hiswalletwasstolen.??

Themanwhosewalletwasstolencalledthepolice?

9.Icomefromacountry.Itshistorygoesbackthousandsofyears.??

Icomefromacountrywhosehistorygoesbackthousandsofyears.?

10.Ihavetocalltheman.Ipickeduphisumbrellaafterthemeeting.??

IhavetocallthemanwhoseumbrellaIpickedupafterthemeeting.?

关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:

Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears或可以写作:

Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears??

Hewasthemanwhom(who)youwerelookingfor要注意的是此句的关系代词whom可以用主格取代,而lookfor是短语动词也不可将for放于定语从句之前。that作关系代词作介词宾语时,不能紧跟介词,而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。如:Themanthatweweretalkingabouthascometoourschool.这时不可用aboutthat…请看下面例句:

1.Themeetingwasinteresting.Iwenttoit.??

ThemeetingthatIwenttowasinteresting.??

2.Themanwasverykind.Italkedtohimyesterday.??

ThemanwhoItalkedtoyesterdaywasverykind?

3.Imustthankthepeople.Igotapresentfromhim.??

ImustthankthepeoplewhoIgotapresentfrom.?

4.Thepicturewasbeautiful.Shewaslookingatit.??

Thepicturethat(which)shewaslookingatwasbeautiful.?

5.Themanisstandingoverthere.Itoldyouabouthim.??

ThemanwhoItoldyouaboutisstandingoverthere?

除关系代词外,还有关系副词,when,where,why,其中when用来指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:IneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametotheGreatWall.而where则指地点,如:Thisisthehousewheretheoldmanlives.请看下面例句:

1.Thecitywasbeautiful.Wespentourvacationthere.??

Thecitywherewespentourvacationwasbeautiful?

2.Thatistherestaurant.Iwillmeetyouthere.??

ThatistherestaurantwhereIwillmeetyou?

3.Thetownissmall.Igrewupthere.??

ThetownwhereIgrewupissmall.?

4.Thatisthedrawer.Ikeepmynewspapersthere.??

ThatisthedrawerwhereIkeepmynewspapers.?

5.Mondayistheday.Wewillcomethen.??

MondayisthedayWhenwewillcame?

6.7:05isthetime.Myplanearrivesthen.??

7:05isthetimewhenmyplanearrives.?

7.1960istheyear.Therevolutiontookplacethen.??

1960istheyearwhentherevolutiontookplace.?

8.Julyisthemonth.Theweatherisusuallythehottestthen.??

Julyisthemonthwhentheweatherisusuallythehottest.?

在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。?

①限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉的话,主句的意思就不完整,意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词,如:Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.??

②非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对其附加说明,也就是讲即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响,仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句,如:AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasshotonApril14,1865atatheatreinwashingtonD.C.又如:GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,wherethereisaleaningtowerabout180feethigh.

中考定语从句复习导学案


中考定语从句复习导学案
学科英语课题专项复习宾语从句
4.28二.知识运用:中考热点习题(一)
1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.
A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake
2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.
A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen
3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictionarytoday.
A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are
4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay
5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.
A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled
习题(二)
1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?
A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that
2Idontknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.
A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where
3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who
4Shedidntknow___backsoon.
A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe
5.Idontknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.
A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when
6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?
A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow
三.小结:宾语从句用法
四.作业:完成今天的课时作业
课型新课时1教案序号修改日期
学习
目标1.专项复习宾语从句用法
2.通过复习形宾语从句的构成及用法,达到灵活运用各种知识的能力
3.通过自主合作,培养学生合作意识,团结协作精神.
重点
难点重点:宾语从句用法
难点:宾语从句的时态
内容设计区导学设计、
错题更正区
一.语法聚焦:宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:
Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.
Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.
当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:
Theteachertoldus(that)nothingdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.
 (iswas) 老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如:
Wedontknowwhether(if)itisright.
Thequestioniswhethersheshoulddothat.作成分
Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.试比较:
Idontknowifitistrue.我不知道这事是否真实。从句
IshallgothereifIhavetime.如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。从句。

2015中考英语复习定语从句考点跟踪


第35讲 定语从句

1.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers__C__IvisitedinLondonyearsago.(2013,安徽)

A.what B.who C.that D.which

2.Theteachersandthestudents__A__cametovisitNanjingMuseumarefromEngland.(2013,合肥)

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose

3.WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing__B__hedidwastolookforsomefood.(2014,广东)

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom

4.“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage__B__beginsandendswiththeletters“und”.(2014,河南)

A.whatB.thatC.whoD.whom

5.Helikeslowcarbonlife.Helivesinthehouse__C__hebuilthimselfoutoftrash.(2014,十堰)

A.whereB.what

C.whichD.inwhich

近五年来,安徽中考对定语从句的考查频率不高,但同学们仍需注意,可能2015年中考会设相关试题。初中阶段对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能,结构和关系词的用法上,重点考查由that,which,who引导的定语从句。

高频考向一 定语从句的关系词

定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose或关系副词when,where,why等引出。

①who,whom,that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:

Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他是想见你的那个人吗?

Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。

②which,that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:

Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。

③whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语)如:

Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。

④关系副词有when,where,why,它们在句中作状语。如:

Illneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。

Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。

Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?

你知道他上学迟到的原因吗?

—DoyouknowMoYan?

—Ofcourse.Heisthefamouswriter______wontheNobelPrizein2012.

A.whoB.whomC.which

解析:考查定语从句关系词。先行词是writer,指人,且在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词who。

答案:__A__

Pleasepassmethecartoonbook______hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.

A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which

解析:先行词是book,指物,因此关系词用which.

答案:__D__

Thisistheprimaryschool______Istudiedthreeyearsago.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which

解析:先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。

答案:__A__

高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况

①当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如:

ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。

②当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如:

Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。

③当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如:

AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。

ImgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。

④当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等词修饰时。如:

ThatsallthatIwanttosay.这就是我想说的全部。

⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。如:

Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。

ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace______Iveevervisited.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what

解析:在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰,关系词只能用that。

答案:__A__

Lookattheboyandhisdog______arecomingthisway.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom

解析:先行词是由人与物组成时,关系代词用that。

答案:__C__

高频考向三 关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况

①当先行词为all,any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如:

Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。

②当先行词为that,this,those或these且指人时。如:

Thosewhohadntboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。

③当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时,在口语中用who或whom引导均可,但如直接位于介词后作宾语时,只能用whom。如:

Theguest(who/whom)Illfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。

Imetafewfriendsofmine,amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友,其中一位是我的老同学。

Successwillbelongtothose______neversay“impossible”.

A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which

解析:先行词those,故关系代词用who。

答案:__C__

一、单项选择。

1.Everyonehashisaiminlife.However,youcantgetfatononemouthful.Startwiththeeasiestthing__B__youcancontrol.(2014,哈尔滨)

A.whoB.thatC.which

2.Shirleyisthegirl__C__taughtmehowtouseWechat.(2014,龙东)

A.whomB.whichC.who

3.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.MyfriendsentmeaCD__C__ismadebyHanGeng.(2014,安顺)

A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whom

4.Allthestudentsliketheteachers__B__canunderstandthemwell.(2014,孝感)

A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which

5.Couldyoutellmetheresultofthediscussion__A__youhadmadeinthemeetingjustnow?(2014,白银)

A.thatB.whenC.howD.who

6.AfterMandelawasfree(自由的)in1990,hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople__D__wantedtokillhim.(2014,临沂)

A.whoseB.whichC./D.who

7.AWechat(微信)isaninvention__A__canhelppeopletalktofriends,sharephotos,ideasandfeelingsfreely.(2014,梅州)

A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.how

8.Lilydoesntknow______sheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboy__D__parentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney.(2013,兰州)

A.that;thoseB.how;who

C.what;whoD.what;whose

9.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers__C__IvisitedinLondonyearsago.(2013,安徽)

A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which

10.—Doyouknowthegirl__B__withourEnglishteacheroften?

—Yes,hernameisHelen.(2013,鄂州)

A.whomtotalkB.whotalks

C.whoistalkingD.whomtalks

11.Afriendissomeone__A__says,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”(2013,河南)

A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose

12.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?

—Ilikemusic__D__Icandanceto.(2013,宜宾)

A.becauseB.whenC.whoD.that

13.Illneverforgetthelesson__B__lastyear.(2013,三亚)

A.thatIlearnB.thatIlearned

C.whatIlearnD.whatIlearned

14.Sheisthegirl__D__inventiongotthefirstprizeintheschoolcompetition.(2013,荆州)

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose

15.—Doyouknowthekidwith__D__Bobistalkingoverthere?

—Yes,itsmycousin.(2012,黄石)

A.whoB.thatC.不填D.whom

16.Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark__D__wevisitedlastweek.(2012,广东)

A.whoB.whenC.whatD.which

二、句型转换。

17.Thewomanisinred.Sheismyaunt.(合并为一句)

Thewoman__who_____is__inredismyaunt.

18.Jerrylikesthesongs.Theymakehimexcited.(合并为一句)

Jerrylikesthesongs__that/which_____make__himexcited.

19.Idontknowthegirlunderthetree.(改为含定语从句的复合句)

Idontknow__the_____girl_____who_____is__underthetree.

20.Thewomanwithabookinherhandisourmathteacher.(改为含定语从句的复合句)

Thewoman__who_____has_____a_____book__inherhandisourmathteacher.