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高中宾语从句教案

发表时间:2021-04-30

宾语从句。

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宾语从句
复习内容:宾语从句考点归纳
复习目标:
1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词
2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语
3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
重点:语序和时态呼应
难点:语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析
考点梳理:
一、宾语从句的连接词
1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.
2.连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。
eg.Tomdontknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.
HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.
一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:
①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.
②在介词前:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.
③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.
3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.
Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.

1.由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。
eg.IdontknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.==Idontknowhowtodowiththepresents.
2.要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.
二、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。
Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?(╳)
Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?(√)
Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:what在从句中的成分)
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg.Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”→Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg.“Wherearethetickets?”Iaskedhim.→Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.
三、宾语从句的时态呼应
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
eg.Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)
Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)
当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.
四.其他需要说明的问题
1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。
eg.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?
2.要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。
▲五.宾语从句和状语从句的区分
eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.
2)Idontknowifthetrainhasarrived.
句1)中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。句2)中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词dontknow的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。
判断方法:
1.可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2.从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。
3.从时态看。if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

1.《中考捷径》第21讲,课内练习选择题,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,第41讲例题、课内练习,课外练习三。
2.《复习导引》26页第3大题,27页第4大题,28页第5大题1,2,3,4,5
同步检测
一、用合适的连接词填空
1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidntgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)
2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?(who,whom)
3.Shesaid_____itwouldntmattermuch.(that,if)
4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.(how,who)
5.Ireallydontknow________thebridgewillbefinished.(howlong,howsoon)
6.Theydontknow_______wearegoinghiking.
7.Shewantedtoknow_______hercoatwouldbereadythenextday.
8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.
9.Idontknow______somanypeoplecrowdingroundhim
10.Doyouknow______shirtitis?
二、句型转换
1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.(改为宾语从句)→
 Pleasetellme__________________________________.
2.Whatdoeshedo?Doyouknow?(改为宾语从句)→
 Doyouknow_______he_______?
3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.(改为宾语从句)→
 Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.
4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.(改为宾语从句)→
 Idontknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.
5.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tomsmotheraskedhim.(同义句)→
 Tomsmotheraskedhim_____________________totrysomethingnew.
6.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.(改为否定句)→
 I_______________this________agoodidea.
7.Lucyhasntdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.(改为复合句)→
 Lucyhasntdecided________________________________buy.
8.IdontknowhowIcangettothehospital.(改为简单句)→
 Idontknow________________________tothehospital.
三、选择题
1.Idontknow_____hewillbebackhome.
 A.who B.what C.when D.where
2.Couldyoutellme___________?
 A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor
 C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein
3.Doyoustillremember_______?
 A.thathesaid B.whathesaid C.didhesaythat D.whatdidhesay
4.Icantunderstand______theboyalone.
 A.whysheleft B.whydidsheleave C.whyshehadleft D.whyhadsheleft
5.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.
 A.rise B.rose C.rises D.hadrisen
6.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.
 A.howfar/hadgone B.howlong/hasgone
 C.howfar/went D.howfarhad/run
7.Themanagercameuptosee__________.
 A.whatwasthematter B.whatthematterwas
 C.whatthematterisD.whatsthematter
8.Canyoutellme___________?
 A.whereareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudy
 C.whereyouweredoingD.whereyustudy
9.Icantunderstand_______theboyalone.
 A.whysheletB.whydidsheleaveC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft
10.Heaskedhisfather_______.
 A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen
 C.howithappenedD.howdidithappen
11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.
 A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedo
 C.howtodoitD.whattodoit
12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.
 A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking
13._______hellcomeornotisntimportant.
 A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What
14.Wouldyouliketoknow_______theywilldoitornot.
 A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why
15.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry,Ivenoidea.
 A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought
16.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.
 A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another
17.─Couldyoutellme______?─Yes.He____totheUSA.
 A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone
 C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone
18.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.
 ─Yes.Butifit_______,wellvisitthemuseuminstead.
 A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrain
 C.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains
19.Idontknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________,Illmeethim.
 A.willcome/comesB.comes/comesC.willcome/willcomeD.comes/willcome
20.Ireallydontknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.
 A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives

精选阅读

宾语从句专项复习


复习内容:宾语从句考点归纳

复习目标:

1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词

2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语

3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

重点:语序和时态呼应

难点:语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析

考点梳理:

一、宾语从句的连接词

1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。

eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.

2.连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。

eg.Tomdontknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.

HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.

一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:

①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.

②在介词前:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.

③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.

3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。

eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.

Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.

1.由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg.IdontknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.==Idontknowhowtodowiththepresents.

2.要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

二、宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?(╳)

Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?(√)

Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg.Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”→Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg.“Wherearethetickets?”Iaskedhim.→Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.

三、宾语从句的时态呼应

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。

eg.Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)

Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)

当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。

eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.

四.其他需要说明的问题

1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。

eg.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?

2.要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。

▲五.宾语从句和状语从句的区分

eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.

2)Idontknowifthetrainhasarrived.

句1)中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。句2)中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词dontknow的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。

判断方法:

1.可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2.从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。

3.从时态看。if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

1.《中考捷径》第21讲,课内练习选择题,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,第41讲例题、课内练习,课外练习三。

2.《复习导引》26页第3大题,27页第4大题,28页第5大题1,2,3,4,5

同步检测

一、用合适的连接词填空

1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidntgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)

2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?(who,whom)

3.Shesaid_____itwouldntmattermuch.(that,if)

4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.(how,who)

5.Ireallydontknow________thebridgewillbefinished.(howlong,howsoon)

6.Theydontknow_______wearegoinghiking.

7.Shewantedtoknow_______hercoatwouldbereadythenextday.

8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.

9.Idontknow______somanypeoplecrowdingroundhim

10.Doyouknow______shirtitis?

二、句型转换

1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.(改为宾语从句)→

 Pleasetellme__________________________________.

2.Whatdoeshedo?Doyouknow?(改为宾语从句)→

 Doyouknow_______he_______?

3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.(改为宾语从句)→

 Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.

4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.(改为宾语从句)→

 Idontknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.

5.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tomsmotheraskedhim.(同义句)→

 Tomsmotheraskedhim_____________________totrysomethingnew.

6.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.(改为否定句)→

 I_______________this________agoodidea.

7.Lucyhasntdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.(改为复合句)→

 Lucyhasntdecided________________________________buy.

8.IdontknowhowIcangettothehospital.(改为简单句)→

 Idontknow________________________tothehospital.

三、选择题

1.Idontknow_____hewillbebackhome.

 A.who B.what C.when D.where

2.Couldyoutellme___________?

 A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor

 C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein

3.Doyoustillremember_______?

 A.thathesaid B.whathesaid C.didhesaythat D.whatdidhesay

4.Icantunderstand______theboyalone.

 A.whysheleft B.whydidsheleave C.whyshehadleft D.whyhadsheleft

5.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.

 A.rise B.rose C.rises D.hadrisen

6.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.

 A.howfar/hadgone B.howlong/hasgone

 C.howfar/went D.howfarhad/run

7.Themanagercameuptosee__________.

 A.whatwasthematter B.whatthematterwas

 C.whatthematterisD.whatsthematter

8.Canyoutellme___________?

 A.whereareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudy

 C.whereyouweredoingD.whereyustudy

9.Icantunderstand_______theboyalone.

 A.whysheletB.whydidsheleaveC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft

10.Heaskedhisfather_______.

 A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen

 C.howithappenedD.howdidithappen

11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.

 A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedo

 C.howtodoitD.whattodoit

12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.

 A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking

13._______hellcomeornotisntimportant.

 A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What

14.Wouldyouliketoknow_______theywilldoitornot.

 A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why

15.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry,Ivenoidea.

 A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought

16.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.

 A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another

17.─Couldyoutellme______?─Yes.He____totheUSA.

 A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone

 C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone

18.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.

 ─Yes.Butifit_______,wellvisitthemuseuminstead.

 A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrain

 C.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains

19.Idontknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________,Illmeethim.

 A.willcome/comesB.comes/comesC.willcome/willcomeD.comes/willcome

20.Ireallydontknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.

 A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives

中考宾语从句复习导学案


中考宾语从句复习导学案
错题更正区
学科英语课题专项复习宾语从句
4.28二.知识运用:中考热点习题(一)
1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.
A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake
2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.
A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen
3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictionarytoday.
A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are
4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay
5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.
A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled
习题(二)
1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?
A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that
2Idontknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.
A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where
3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who
4Shedidntknow___backsoon.
A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe
5.Idontknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.
A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when
6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?
A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow
三.小结:宾语从句用法
四.作业:完成今天的课时作业
学习
目标1.专项复习宾语从句用法
2.通过复习形宾语从句的构成及用法,达到灵活运用各种知识的能力
3.通过自主合作,培养学生合作意识,团结协作精神.
重点
难点重点:宾语从句用法
难点:宾语从句的时态
内容设计区导学设计、
错题更正区
一.语法聚焦:宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:
Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.
Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.
当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:
Theteachertoldus(that)nothingdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.
 (iswas) 老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如:
Wedontknowwhether(if)itisright.
Thequestioniswhethersheshoulddothat.作成分
Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.试比较:
Idontknowifitistrue.我不知道这事是否真实。从句
IshallgothereifIhavetime.如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。从句。

2018中考英语宾语从句知识点


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2018中考英语宾语从句知识点

 1.宾语从句的含义

充当主句宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

如:Sheknewthattheteacherhadseenthefilm.

她知道这位老师看过这部电影。

“thattheteacherhadseenthefilm”做knew的宾语,同时又是由连接词that引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。

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2.宾语从句的分类

(1)动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。

如:Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

(2)介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。

如:Iagreewithwhatyousaidjustnow.我同意你刚才说的话。

(3)形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。

如:IamafraidthatIwillbelate.恐怕我要迟到了。

3.引导宾语从句的连接词

(1)that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分

(2)whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。

Idontknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。

(3)连接代词:what,which,who,whom,whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)

连接副词:where,when,how,why(在宾语从句中做状语)

Thesmallchildrendontknowwhatisintheirstockings.(what在宾语从句中做主语)

这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。

Couldyoutellmewhyyouwerelateforthemeetingthismorning?(why在宾语从句中做原因状语)