2017年中考英语二轮语法宾语从句专题复习材料。
一般给学生们上课之前,老师就早早地准备好了教案课件,到写教案课件的时候了。我们制定教案课件工作计划,才能更好地安排接下来的工作!你们清楚教案课件的范文有哪些呢?下面是小编精心为您整理的“2017年中考英语二轮语法宾语从句专题复习材料”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。<JAB88.com/p>中考考点十六:宾语从句
中考资讯导航:宾语从句主要考查语序、时态及连接词。
宾语从句的考查
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1.考查宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即“主语+谓语+……
Doyouknowwhen__________?
A.doesthenexttrainleaveB.thenexttrainleavesC.willthenexttrainleaveD.thenexttrainwillleave
注:若从句时疑问句,但语序不变的有:
1).who在从句中作主语。
Canyoutellme_________?(谁将来这儿)
2).what’swrong/thematter?
Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.
3).whathappened
Idon’tknowwhathappenedyesterday.
4).whichisthewayto….?
Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?
2.考查宾语从句的引导词
1).若宾语从句时陈述句时,引导词用that且that可省掉。
Shesaid“I’mgaldtoseeyou”=Shesaid________________galdtoseeme.
2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时,引导词用if或whether.一般情况下if/whether可互换,但后有ornot/or、动词不定式或介词的后面时,只能用whether.
Hesakedme“AreyougoingtoWuhan?”=Heaskedme________________goingtoWuhan.
I’mthinkingabout______togothere.
A.ifB.whetherC.that
3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,引导词用特殊疑问词。
Doyouknow________?I’mnotsure,Maybeheisabusinessman.
A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时,就改为ask/tellsbtodosth.若为否定祈使句,就改为ask/tellsbnottosth.
“Don’topenthedoor”Theteachersaid.=Theteachertoldme____________thedoor.
3.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
Canyoutellme_________?Heisadoctor.
A.whatisheB.whathewasC.whatheisD.whatwashe
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
Heasked____________.
A.whattimeitisB.whattimeisitC.whattimeitwasD.whattimewasit
Hetoldmethathe______forthesportsmeet.
A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.willprepareD.hasprepared
注:1)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。
OurteachersaidthatJanuary_____(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.
Ourteachersaidthattheearth___(go)aroundthesun.
2).若主句为couldyou…..?表示请求客气的语气,从句的时态仍然不变。
Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whathewasdoingB.whatwashedoing
C.whatheisdoingD.whatishedoing
4.if/when引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。
ifWhetherWhen
条件/时间/让步状语从句如果、假如无论
尽管当…的时候
宾语从句是否是否什么时候
Canyouguessifthey___toplayfootballwithus?Ithinktheywillcomeifthey____free.
A.come,areB.willcome,willbeC.willcome,areD.come,willbe
Canyoutellmewhenhe____heretomorrow?Whenhe_____here,pleasecallme.
A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.comes,willcome
5.宾语从句的简化:
1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主、从句的主语一致,可简化为“动词+todosth”.
IhopeIcanmeetyouagain.
Ihope__________youagain.
2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主、从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+todosth”.
1.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.Idon’tknow_____________next.
2.CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?Couldyoutellme_____________there?
3.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecide___________________.
3).hear/see/find+that+从句,可改为“hear/see/find+sb(要用宾格)+doingsth”.
1.Iheardthattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=Iheard__________inthenextroom.
2.Wefoundthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.
Wefound__________withthecatunderthetree.
宾语从句用法
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
宾语从句应注意三点:①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?
---NextFriday.Whenit________,Iwillringyou.
A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins
()2.---Todayortomorrow?
---Whatareyoutalkingabout?
---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.
A.howB.whereC.whenD.what
()3.Iwonder_________.
A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC.heliveswhereD.wherehelives
()4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?Itsbeenverylate.
---Idontknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.
A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how
()5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?
---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.
A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn
C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn
()6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
()7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?
---Ithinktheyllcomeifthey_________free.
A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe
()8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?
---Pardon?
---Iaskedwhere_________.
A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom
()9.Shewondered__________.
A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputer
C.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer
()10.---Doyouknow________?
---Imnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.
A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
()11.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.
A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn
C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted
()12.Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyou
C.hat’sthematterwithyouD.what’sthewrongwithyou.
()13.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”
A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that
()14.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.
A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns
()15.Itmakesnodifference__________.
A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam
C.ifhewillcometothemeetingornotD.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot
()16.Theydon’tknow_______theirparentsare.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which
()17.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who
()18.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.
A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit
C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo
1-5DCDCB6-10BBBBA11-15ACADD16-18BAC
各地中考宾语从句汇编:
单项选择
()1.—TheDragonBoatracesaresoexciting,butourboatisstillbehind.
—Don’tworry.Iamsure_______ourteamwillwin!
A.ifB./C.whetherD.of
()2.—We’llhaveapicnictomorrow.Doyouknow_____wewillgoforthepicnic?
—Howaboutridingbikes?Itmustbefun.
A.howB.whereC.whyD.what
()3.—WhatdidJanesaytoyoulastnight?—Sheaskedme.
A.willIgotoherpartyB.ifIwouldgotoherparty
C.thatIwouldgotoherpartyD.howwouldIgotoherparty
()4.–MrWang,couldyoutellmehowlong_________themagazines?–Atmosttendays.
A.canIborrowB.IcanborrowC.canIkeepD.Icankeep
()5.—So,canyoutellme______heretoday?
—Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.
A.whatdidyouseeB.whatyousawC.whendidyouseeitD.whenyousaw
()6.—Jack,couldyoutellme_____fortravellingthissummer?
—WeplantogoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.
A.whereyourfamilywillgoB.howwillyourfamilygo
C.howyourfamilywillgoD.wherewillyourfamilygo
()7.—Dad,canyoutellme______totheamusementpark?
—Thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whenwearegoingB.whenwewentC.whenarewegoingD.whendidwego
()8.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme______?
—Sure.It’sabouttenminutes’walk.
A.howlongittakestogotothezooB.howfaritisfromheretothezoo
C.howfarisitfromheretothezoo
()9.Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder______.
A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothere
C.ifyou’dliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematch
()10.Theteacherisalreadystandinghere.Doyouknowwhenshe______?
A.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.wascoming
()11.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme________?
—Yes,thereisahistorymuseum.
A.howoftendoyougotothehistorymuseumB.arethereanygoodmuseumsinKunming
C.howlongittakestogettothehistorymuseumD.ifthereareanygoodmuseumsinKunming
()12.—Doyouknow_________?
—Thisafternoon.
A.whenwillthepolicemangiveusatalkB.wherewillthepolicemangiveusatalk
C.whenthepolicemanwillgiveusatalkD.wherethepolicemanwillgiveusatalk
()13.—It’ssolate.Whynotwritethereporttomorrow?
—ButIdon’tknow______Icandoitifnotnow.
A.whyB.whenC.howD.where
()14.—Couldyoutellme_____yuanxiaoinchina?
—UsuallyatLanternFestival.
A.whendopeopleeatB.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeatD.howpeopleear
()15.Therearesomanyfoggydaysthesedays.Weallwanttoknow_______.
A.howcanwedotopreventitB.howwecandotopreventit
C.whatwecandotopreventitD.whatcanwedotopreventit
()16.Doyouknow______an“o”and______“u”intheword“computer”?
A.thereis;anB.isthere;anC.thereis;aD.isthere;a
相关知识
2017年中考英语二轮语法定语从句专题复习材料
中考考点十七:定语从句
中考资讯导航:定语从句主要考查关系代词的选择。
一、定语从句(一):
1.定语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3.关系词:
引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。
4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。
二、定语从句(二)
1.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用that不用which。
1).当先行词为指物的不定代词,如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、theone等时,只能用that。
Thereisnothing______Icandoforyou.
2).当先行词被theonly、thevery、thelast、all、no、little等词修饰时,只能用that。
Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.
3).先行词被序数词修饰时,只能用that。
Thisisthefirstnextbook______Istudiedinthemiddleschool.
4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,只能用that。
Thisisthemostbeautifulmountain______Ihaveeverseen.=
Ihave_____seen_____abeautifulmountian.
5).先行词既有人也有物时,只能that。
Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons_______wehad.
2.先行词是物时,一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下,只能用which不用that。
1).关系代词前有介词时,关系词只能用which。
Thisisthebuildingin______helives.
2).先行词本身是that时,关系词只能用which。
Theclockisthat_____tellsthetime.
3).引导非限定性的定语从句(先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开),关系词用which。
Hisbook,______waslostlastweek,hasbeenfoundnow.
3.先行词是人时,一般情况下既可用who也可用that。但以下情况下,只能用who。
1).当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时,一般用who。
Those______aresingingareallmyclassmates.
2).在therebe句型中,先行词指人时,只能用who。指物时用that。
Thereisagirl______expectstoseeyou.
3).当先行词是I、you、he、they等时,只能用who。
He______playswithfiregetsburned.
三、定语从句(三)。
由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。
where=in/at+whichwhen=in/on/at+whichwhy=for+which
1.由where引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示地点的名词2).在定语从句中作地点状语
Isthisthehouse______youlived?=Isthisthehouse__________youlived?
=Isthisthehouse_____youlivedin?
2.由when引导的定语从句。
1).先行词是表示时间的名词2).在定语从句中作时间状语
Iwillneverforgetthedays______Imethim.=Iwillneverforgetthedays________Imethim.
注:先行词是thelasttime时,when可省略。
Whenwasthelasttimeyousawtheparrot?
3.由why引导的定语从句。
先行词为reason时,一般用why。why在句中作原因状语。
Wedon’tknowthereason______theydidn’tcome.
四、注意事项:
1.关系词在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
Thestory_____hetoldwasverypopular.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD./
2.that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。
Ilovessingerswho_______(write)theirownsongs.
Sheisoneofthegirlswho______(study)hard.
3.在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人称代词。
Willyoupleaseshowmethebook______yesterday?
A.whichyouboughtB.thatyouboughtitC.youboughtD.youboughtit
4.定语从句中whose的确定:
无论先行词是人或物,在定语从句中做定语用whose。
判断:看定语从句的主语前有无限定词(my、your、Jim’s等),若没有,则用whose。
Thegirl_____parentsworkinBeijingisKate.
A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.that
Iknowtheboy.Hishandwritingisverygood.=Iknowtheboy____handwritingisverygood.
五、定语从句的简化
把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。
1.Shereveivedaboxwhichwasfullofpresents.Shereveivedabox__________presents.
2.HelikesreadingbooksthatwaswrittenbyLuxun.Helikesreadingbooking_________Luxun.
3.IlikeChineseteawhichhasnothinginit.IlikeChinesetea___________init.
4.Doyouknowthegirlwhoiswearingareddress.Doyouknowthegirl______areddress.
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.Theman____isstandingthereismyfather.
A.whoB.whomC.which
()2.Whowastheman_____spoketoyoujustnow?
A.whoB.whomC.that
()3.Tomistheonlyperson_____Icandependon.
A.thatB.whichC.who
()4.Itisthebestfilm____shehaseverseen.
A.thatB.whichC.when
()5.Beijingisthe29thcity____holdstheOlympicGames.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what
()6.Thefootballmatch____Iwatchedyesterdayisfantastic!
A.whenB.thatC.whatD.who
()7.Chinaisacountry___hasalonghistory.
A.whoB.whichC.where
()8.Theboy___Italkedwithjustnowismybestfriend.
A.whoB.whichC.where
()9.—ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn’tit?
—Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschools__thosechildrencanstudyhappily.
A.whereB.whenC.which
()10.WeknowJackieChan___moviesareverypopularwiththeyoung.
A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which
()11.doyouknowthescientist_______gaveusatalkjustnow?
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose
()12.Thisisthedictionary_______mumgavemeformybirthday.
A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom
()13.Shaolintemple_______liesinthewestofzhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.
A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what
()14.—Doyouknowthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?
—Sheismylittlesister.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which
()15.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?”“Verygood.Ilikeclothes______makemefeelcomfortable.”
A.thatB.whatC.who
()16.Therewillbeaflowershowintheparkwevisitedlastweek.
A.whoB.whenC.whatD.Which
()17.—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.
—Soweshoulddosomething______canhelpstopsmoking.
A.whatB.whoC./D.that
()18.Istillrememberthetime_____wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.
A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which
()19.Oneofthemostdeliciousdrinks_________Ilikeisorangejuice.[
A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom
()20.—Therearesomanygirlsoverthere.Whichoneisyoursister?
—Theone______hatisyellow.
A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which
()21.Wealllikethestoryabouttheteacher_______happenedinourschoollastweek.A
A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what
()22.TheEnglish-Chinesedictionary_____myfatherboughtformemanyyearsagoisstillofgreatvalue.
A.whoseB.whenC.whoD.that
()23.ZhangLiliisconsideredasthemostbeautifulteacher______gaveherlovetoherstudentsindanger.
A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which
()24.Mr.Smith__________issmokingislookingfor________shelostyesterday.
A.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where
()25.Successwillbelongtothose________neversay"impossible".
A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which
()26.—Whatareyoulookingfor?
—Imlookingforthering______myhusbandboughtmelastyear.
A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it
()27.Ihatepeople______talkmuchbutdolittle.
A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom
()28.Pianoisaword________wasoriginallyborrowedfromItalian.
A.whereB.whoC.whichD.whose
()29.—DoyouenjoyMyheartwillgoon?
—No,Iprefersongs_____loud.
A.thatisB.whichisC.thatareD.whatare
()30.Icanneverforgetthestories________mygrandmatoldme.
A.whatB.whoC.themD.that
补全对话
“补全对话”题旨在考查学生实际运用日常交际用语的能力。这种试题形式贴近生活,能开拓学生的思维能力。命题者一般会将对话内容控制在《日常交际用语细目表》的规定范围内。该题是一种自由应答题,是以“写”的方式来考查“说”的能力。要解决好这类题,首先要通读对话,了解大意,看对话是属于哪个方面的,涉及几个交际项目。必须掌握交际项目里的交际习语,要使用场景语言答题,如电话用语,就餐,购物,看病等。应注意答题策略。
评分说明:
(1)本题共10分,每小题2分。
(2)参考答案并不是唯一答案(不可能一一给出),若学生所给答案与本答案不符,只要语法、意义、拼写(含大小写)正确,且符合要求,也得分。
(3)标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时应视其对交际的影响程度酌情考虑。
(4)单词拼写错误,评分时视其对交际的影响程度酌情扣分。
2017年中考英语二轮专题复习材料语法专题-动词
每个老师上课需要准备的东西是教案课件,大家静下心来写教案课件了。需要我们认真规划教案课件工作计划,才能对工作更加有帮助!你们到底知道多少优秀的教案课件呢?为满足您的需求,小编特地编辑了“2017年中考英语二轮专题复习材料语法专题-动词”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
中考专题五:动词
动词是表示动作(study,find,swim等)或状态(be,like,feel等)的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。
知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
动词分类:动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词(实义动词)四类。
一)助动词
助动词没有任何含义,不能单独做谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语,帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be,do,does,did,have,will,shall等。具体用法如下:
1、助动词be的用法如下:
1)构成各种进行时态。如:Itwasrainingalldayyesterday.昨天整天下雨。
2)构成被动语态。如:
Themeetingwasheldyesterdayafternoon.会议是昨天下午举行的。
3)与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如:
TheyaretoseeanEnglishfilmthisevening.他们今天晚上看英语电影。
2、助动词do的用法如下:
1)构成疑问式或否定式。如:
Doeshethinkso?Ididn’tsayanythingabouttheresult.
2)在动词前加上do,does,did表示强调,意为“的确,确实”。如:
Theydostudyhard.Shedoeslovehim.Hedidwanttohelptheoldman.
3)可以用作代动词,代替句子中已经出现的实义动词,以避免重复。如:
—Whojumpshighestinyourclass?—Jimdoes.(不说Jimjumps)
3、have:助动词have的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如:
Hehaslivedhereforthreeyears.
Assoonasthesunhadsettheyreturned.
4、shall,should:助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态;助动词should是shall的过去式,构成过去将来时。如:Ishallsendtenletterstomygoodfriend.
ShewantedtoknowifIshouldgotothepalace.
二)情态动词
情态动词本身有一定含义,但不能单独作谓语,要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有:can,may,must,need,should等。
一.情态动词的用法
1.can用法
1)表示能力,与beableto同义,但can只用于现在时和过去时,beableto可用于各种时态。
Twoeyescanseemorethanone.
注:Canyou…?Yes,Ican/No,Ican’t.
2).表示允许、请求
用could比can语气更加委婉客气,常用于couldI/you…..?句型中,若表示同意时,用can回答而不用could.
CouldIborrowthebook?No,youcan’t.
3)。表示推测“可能”常用于否定句或疑问句中。(can’t表示一定不是)
Itcan’tbetrue.
Canitbetrue?
2.may用法
1)表允许,请求=can
表示许可或征求对方的许可,常于第一人称连用。
注:MayI….?Yes,youmayNo,youcan’t/mustn’t.
在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes,please./Certainly.
2)表推测,可能、也许。常用于肯定句中。
Maybeheknowsthenews.=He__________thenews.
3.must
1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。
Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.
注:MustI….?Yes,youmust/No,youneedn’t(don’thaveto).
--Mustwehandinourexercise—booksnow?
--No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.
2)mustn’t表禁止、不允许。
Youmustn’ttalktoherlikethat.
3)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中must改为can.
Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.
She’swearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.
注:must表推测时,其反义疑问句与must后面的动词一致。
Theremustbesomethingwrong,________?
4.need的用法
need既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要否定句或疑问句中。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。
1).用作情态动词,用于否定句和疑问句中。
a).NeedI….?Yes,youmust/No,youneedn’t.
Needwefinishtheworktoday?Yesyou__?A.needB.canC.mayD.must
b).need+dosth.变否定句:needn’tdosth
变疑问句:Needsbdosth?
2).用作实义动词
a).need+todosth.Weneed_______(buy)someschoolthings.
变否定句:don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+needtodosth.
变疑问句:Do/Does/Didsb+needtosth?
Yes,…do/does/didNo,sbdon’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
Youdon’tneedtodoityourself.
b).当主语是物时。Sth+need+doingsth=Sth+needtobedone.
Thetableneedspainting.=Thetableneeds_______________.
5.hadbetter的用法
1).hadbetter+动词原形=It’sbesttodosth.
Youhadbetter______(stay)athome.=_________________stayathome.
2).Hadbetternot+动词原形
Wehadbetter________(notplay)thecomputergames.
6.must与haveto
1).一般情况下,两者可互换。must=haveto
2).must“必须,应该”表示说话人的主观看法,即说话人认为必须干某事。(内在原因)
haveto“必须,不得不”强调客观需要,即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。(外界原因)
Ican’tstopplayingthecomputergames.Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou______.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.hadto
7.usedto与wouldusedto和would都用来表达现已不存在的过去的习惯或状态。但would不能用在所述故事的开始
二.情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法
1.情态动词后跟完成式,表“原本应该干某事,而实际上没干”
Ishouldhavefinishedtheworkearlier.
Heisn’there.Hemusthavemissedthetrain.
2.情态动词后跟进行式,表示“想必正在……”,“可能正在……”,“应当正在”等意。
It’stwelveo’clock.Theymustbehavinglunch.
Theymaybediscussingthisproblem.
Hecan’tbetellingthetruth.
Sheshouldn’tbeworkinglikethat.She’sstillsoweak.
三.情态动词的同义转换.
1.can=beableto区别:can只有一般式和过去式,而beabletodo有多种时态的变化。在过去时中二者有区别:werewasableto强调过去成功做到,而could只表示过去的能力或可能性。
2.must=haveto注意二者主客观的区别
3.needn’t=don’thaveto
情态动词练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.MrWang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
()2.–MustIsatyathome,Mum?--No,you______.
A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.don’tD.maynot
()3.–Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?
--Sorry,Ican’t.I_____takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.
A.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto
()4.–MayIgotothecinema,Mum?--Certainly.Butyou______bebackby11o’clock.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.need
()5.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.
A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow
()6.–WhereisJack,please?--He_____beinthereadingroom.
A.canB.needC.wouldD.must
()7.–Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMrLi?--No,it______behim.MrLiismuchtaller.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
()8.Thesebooks______outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoreadthemhere.
A.can’ttakeB.mustbetakenC.cantakeD.mustn’tbetaken
(9.–Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?--Sure,butyou______helpmewithmyhouseworkfirst.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.could
()10.Putonmoreclothes.You______befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.
A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must
()11.–MayIstophere?--No,you______.A.mustn’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.won’t
()12.–CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Yes,ofcourseyou_______.
A.mightB.willC.canD.should
()13.Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.
A.mustB.mayC.canD.will
()14.Michael______beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.
A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may
()15.______Iknowyourname?A.MayB.WillC.ShallD.Must
()16.You______bemorecarefulnexttime.A.havetoB.mayC.mustD.might
()17.Carsandbuses______stopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.
A.canB.needC.mayD.must
()18.Lookout!Theknifeisverysharp.You______cutyourfinger.
A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may
()19.–Howlong______thebookbekept?
--Fortwoweeks,butyou______returnitontime.
A.can;mayB.may;needC.can;mustD.must;need
()20.–CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?--Yes,you______.
A.willB.couldC.mayD.might
三)系动词
连词动词的种类
联系动词含有一定意义,它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词(短语)一起构成合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类,而且有自己的特定用法。
1、按意义联系动词有:be,appear,seem,keep,remain,continue,stay,prove等,如:Jimappearsveryold.
2、表示感觉的联系动词有look,feel,smell,sound,taste等。如:Itsmellsbad.
3、表示转变的联系动词有become,fall,get,go,grow,turn等。如:
Shebecomesmorebeautifulthanthreeyearsago.
★表示状态的连系动词后接形容词,一般不用于进行时(feel除外)和被动语态,表示变化的连系动词表示“渐渐”时可用与进行时.
★常见的连系动词有:
一“是”(be---is/am/are),一“感”(feel---felt),二“保持”(keep---kept,stay),
四个“起来”(look,sound,smell---smelt,taste),“好像”(seem)一下“变”(get,turn,become)了三.
①Pizzaisready,andit______nice.
A.smellsB.feelsC.goes
②Thiskindofapple______delicious.Iwantonemore.
A.smellsB.feelsC.tastes
③Oh,themilk______strange,doyouthinkit’sOKtodrink?
A.istastedB.istastingCtastes
④Thiskindofskirtlooks______andsells______.
A.nice,wellB.nice,goodC.good,good
⑤Thedress______verysoft.Ilikeit.
A.isfeelingB.feelsC.isfelt
⑥Theflowersmells_____,andIlikeitverymuch.
A.wellB.goodC.badlyD.bad
★有些系动词又是实义动词,要注意辨别.
Putthemeatinthefridge,oritwillgobad.(go是连系动词)
Look(看,是实义动词)carefully,helooks(看起来,是连系动词)veryhappytoday.
四)行为动词(实义动词)
行为动词又称实义动词,它们都含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,可在句中独立作谓语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1、及物动词
及物动词后一定要跟宾语,意思才能完整。如:
Mymothertoldmeshewantedtobuysomebooksforme.
2、不及物动词
不及物动词意义完整,不需带宾语,但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时,必须先加介词后加宾语。如:
Heonlyworriedabouthisdaughter.
3、由“动词+副词”构成的及物性短语,若宾语是名词,该名词即可放在动词和副词之间,也可放在副词之后。但宾语是代词,则该动词应放在动词和副词之间。
Yourcaatisonthebed.Pleaseputiton.
4、由“动词+介词”构成的短语是及物性的,宾语都要放在介词后。
Mybabyistooyoung.I’llhavetogetsomeonetolookafterher.
二、动词的时态
动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种:一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
1.一般现在时
I)一般现在时的句子结构
1、当句子表状态说明主语是什么或怎么样时,其句型:主+BE动词(am,is,are)+表语,否定式是在BE动词后加not,疑问句是将BE动词提前到句首(即在主语之前)
e.g.ThetwinsistersarefromAmerica.这对孪生姐妹是美国人。
ThetwinsistersarenotfromAmerica.
ArethetwinsfromAmerica?
2、当谓语由实义动词充当,
A]主语不是第三人称单数时,
句子结构为:主语+动词原形+其它WespeakChinese.
否定式为:主语+dont+动词原形+其它TheydontspeakChinese.
疑问句为:Do+主语+动词原形+其它?DoyouspeakChinese?
B]当主语是第三人称单数时:
句子结构为主语+动词(词尾加s或es)+其它。
否定式为:主语+doesnt+动词原形+其它。
疑问句式:Does+主语+动词原形+其它?
C]三单变化:
1多数在动词后加s如:play—playslike—likes等。
2以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es如:go—goeswash--washes
3以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加esfly—flies
II)一般现在时的用法
1.表示现在的状态
TomlivesinBeijing.
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与always,often,sometimes,everyday,onweekends,onceamonth,threetimesaday,inthemorning/afternoon,/evening,atnoon,atnight,onSunday(s),atseven等表示频率的副词或时间状语连用。
Igotoschoolatseveneveryday.HeplayssocceronSundays.
3表示主语具备的性格和能力等
Shelikesapples. TheyspeakJapanese.
4.表示客观事实或普遍真理。
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。
例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!
1.---MayIhelpyou,sir?
---Yes,IboughttheTVthedaybeforeyesterday,butit______.
A.didn’tworkB.doesn’tworkC.won’tworkD.can’twork
2.______thebusuntilit______..
A.Getoff,stopsB.Getoff,willstopC.Don’tgetoff,stopsD.Don’tgetoff,willstop
3.The70-year-oldman______exercisesinthemorning.
A.takesB.aretakingC.tookD.willtake
2.一般过去时
1).概念:
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2).时间状语:
ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,thismorning
3).基本结构:
①be动词;was/were…
②行为动词:动词的过去式
4).否定形式:
①was/were+not;②didn’t+动词原形
5).一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②Did+…+动词原形……?
6)用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下:
一般情况+ed
以e字母结尾的辅音+d
以辅音字母+y结尾去y变i+ed
重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed
3.现在进行时
1)现在进行时的构成:主语+am/is/are+v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式
v-ing现在分词的构成:
一般情况+ing
以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ing+ing
以辅音字母+y结尾的单词去e+ing
以重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母时.双写词尾字母+ing
2)现在进行时的用法:
1.说话时正在进行或发生的动作(动作是在说话时正在进行)。例如:
Sheishavingabathnow.
2.现阶段正在进行或发生的动作(但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行)。例如:
Youareworkinghardtoday.
KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.
Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.
频度副词always,forever等词连用时,表示某种强烈的感情。如:
Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.(表示欣赏,表扬)
表示按计划即将发生的动作(仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词)。如:
Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o’clock.
6)常用于现在进行时态的时间状语:now,atthistime,thesedays,look,listen,canyousee?Can’tyousee?,Don’ttalk/Bequiet之类的暗示语等。
正确形式填空
1.Look!Thepolice______(carry)thefoodontothebankoftheriver.
2.Listen!Someone_____________(sing)intheroom.
3.It’ssixo’clock.TheGreens______________(eat)dinner.
4.Don’ttalk.Thebaby_______________(sleep).
5.Isshedoingherhomeworkathome?—No,she_________(watch)TV.
6.WhereisTom?—He’sinthegarden.Hewithhisfriends__________(help)hismotherwatertheflowes.
4.过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间,除有上,下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示或由when/while引导的时间状语从句。。结构:主语+was/were+doing+---
1).
at+时刻数
时刻
atthis/thattime过去
between+时刻数and+时刻数
时间段
from+时刻数to+时刻数
2).过去进行时(主句)when一般过去时(从句)。
When一般过去时(从句),过去进行时(主句)。
3).一般过去时(主句)while过去进行时(从句)。
While过去进行时(从句),一般过去时(主句)。
4).过去进行时(主句)while过去进行时(从句)。(强调两个动作同时进行)
用动词的适当形式填空
1.Didyouseehimcomein?No,I__________(watch)afootballgame.
2.Mysister__________(read)herbookwhenmymothercamein.
3.ThistimeyesterdayI__________(eat)dinnerwithmyfriends.
4.Atnineo’clocklastSunday,they___________(have)aparty.
5.They______________(swim)inthepoolfrom7:30to9:00lastSunday.
6.TheGreens______________(have)lunchatthistimeyesterday.
7.Thepolice_____________(come)whenIwalkedaroundthestation.
8.Tomwithhisfriends____________(play)soccerat7:30a.mlastSunday.
9.I________(sleep)whenI________(hear)aknockatthedoor.
10.WhenIsawhim,he________(wait)forthebus.
11.What__________you_______(do)atthistimeyesterday?
12.I__________(notgo)tothecinemalastnight.
13.Whenyou__________(call)meamomentago,I________(write).
14.I_________(do)myhomeworkwhilemyparents__________(watch)TVlastnight.
I___________(draw)apicturewhenthepolice_____(come)in.
5.一般将来时
构成1)is/am/are+goingtodosth表示计划,安排要做的事情
2)willdosth(will是助动词,没有人称的变化,适用于各种人称)shalldosth(shall是助动词,只用于第一人称)
标志:1)tomorrow/thedayaftertomorrow2)thisafternoon3)next+时间名词nextyear/Sunday4)when/until等引导的时间状语从句5)in+一段时间(Howsoon)6)if引导条件状语从句7)inthefuture
◎He__________(tell)youwhenhe_______(come)backtomorrow.
◎Tom__________(play)withyouifhe_______(be)freenextSunday.
◎We___________(go)thereifit_______(rain)tomorrow.
注意:
※Lookatthecloulds.Itisgoingtorain.(有迹象表明)
※Theradiosaysitwillraintomorrow.(有科学依据事实)
2.in+一段时间在---后(Howsoon)(一般将来时)
after+一段时间=一段时间+later在---后(When)(一般过去时)
after+时刻数(一般将来时)
He__________(get)hereinanhour.He__________(get)hereafteranhour.
He__________(get)hereafterfiveo’clock.
6.过去将来时:
1).概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2).时间状语:
thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),bythen,
3).基本结构:
①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+do.
4).否定形式:
①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.
5).一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首。
7.现在完成时
I1).概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.).基本结构:have/has+done
3).否定形式:have/has+not+done.
4).一般疑问句:把have或has放于句首。
5).反义疑问句:直接用has/have进行反问
II现在完成时常用的时间状语有:
1.already(”已经”用于肯定句的助动词has/have和过去分词之间)yet(“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/“还”用于否定句的末尾处)
Ihavealreadyreadthebook.
______you_____thebook____?(变一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)
Yes,___________./No,I_____.
I_________thebook_____.(否定句)
2.never(“从不”用于助动词has/have和过去分词之间)ever(”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的助动词has/have和过去分词之间)
____heever_____(read)thebook?No,hehasneverreadit.
3.just(“刚刚”用于助动词has/have和过去分词之间)
He_____just_____(finish)thework.
He_______(finish)theworkjustnow.
4.before以前(句尾)
He____________(see)thefilmbefore.
He_________(see)thefilmtwodaysago.
5.现在完成时+since+时间点或从句(一般过去时);此划线部分用howlong提问。since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since之后的时间为一点。
for+段时间;howlong(疑问句中用来提问since/for短语)
Mr.Smith________(work)heresince1984.1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。
He________(learn)about5,000Englishwordssincehe____(go)tocollege.
他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。
for短语表示动作延续多长时间,for的宾语为时间段。如:
We_________(know)eachotherfortwentyyears.我们认识有二十年了。
I_____________(not,see)herforalongtime.我好久没有见到她了。
练习:用since和for填空
1)______twoyears2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth4)______19995)______shelefthere6)_______4o’clock
7)______4hours8)_______anhourago9)_______wewerechildren
6.sofar到目前为止
Howmanywords______you______(learn)sofar?
7.inthepast/last+段时间在过去的几年中
8.once(一次),twice, three(four…)times
Tom_________(travel)totheGreatWalltwice.
9.Itisthe+最高级+n.+(that)sb.haveeverdone.
What’sthebestgifthe___________(receive)?
III.havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法
1]have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since,for,howlong等。例如:
Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。
此外还有这些搭配:havebeenhere(there)
2]have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”,现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用,
例如:Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。
MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。
HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗?
have(has)beento后面可接次数,表示去过某地几次。例如:
IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次。
3]have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.
练习
()1.Haveyouever______toanamusementpark/
A.gonetoaB.gonetoanC.beentoaD.beentoan
()2.Where’sAmy?-Shehas_______totheUK.
A.beenB.goneC.wentD.goes
()3.______haveyoubeenthere?-Forthreeyears.
A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowfarD.Howsoon
()4.HasPaulbeentotheUSA?-Yes,______.
A.hehasB.hedoesC.shehasD.shedoes
()5.I______toCanadatwice.It’ssobeautiful.
A.won’tgoB.havegoneC.don’tgoD.havebeen
()6.Where_____you_____,John?I’mlookingforyoueverywhere.
A.have;beenB.have;beentoC.have;gone
()7.Howlong_____yourfather_____Shanghai?
A.did;comeB.has;beeninC.has;beento
()8.Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?No,itsthefirsttimeI___here.
A.even,havecomeB.ever,comeC.ever,havecome
()9.--MayIspeaktoTom?-Sorry.He____Japan.Buthe____intwodays.
A.hasbeento,willcomebackB.hasgoneto,willback
C.hasbeenin,willcomebackD.won’tcomeback
()10.Myfatherisntherenow.He___Shanghai.He___theretwice.
A.hasgone;hasbeenB.hasgoneto;hasbeento
C.hasbeento;hasgoneD.hasgoneto;hasbeen
()11.-Hi!Bruce.Ihavetseenyouforthreeweeks.
-Hi!George.I___America.
A.havegonetoB.wentto-C.havebeentoD.havebeenin
()12.Myuncle___Londonforfiveyears.Buthewillbebacknextyear.
A.wentB.hasbeeninC.hasgoneD.hasgoneto
()13.Peterisyoung,buthe___manyforeigncountries.
A.hasbeeninB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.hasbeento
IV.since和for的用法(用于现在完成时)
表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有:for,since,howlong,sofar,thesedays等。
1).since:
a).since+时间点①年代②时刻数③一段时间+ago
b).现在完成时:主句(主语+have/has+延续性动词的过去分词)+since+从句一般过去时
c)It’s+时间段+since+短暂性动词的过去式
d).时间段+haspassed+since+短暂性动词的过去式
2).for+一段时间
练习:用since和for填空
1)______twoyears2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth
4)______19995)_______yesterday6)_______4o’clock
7)______4hours8)_______anhourago9)_______wewerechildren
10)_____lunchtime11)______shelefthere
12).HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.
13).I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.
14).OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.
15).Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.
16).It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.
3).for:for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago
4).与时间段连用时,短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。
1)come/goto------beat/in2)leave----beawayfrom3)buy----have
4)borrow/lend-----keep4)open---beopen5)close---beclosed
6)die---bedead7)start/begin----beon8)join—--bein/beamemberof/beasoldier
9)become–be10)fallasleep---beasleep11)catchacold–haveacold
12)have/hasgoneto→havebeenin13)puton→wear14)finish/end→beover
15)marry→bemarried
练习:
()1.Threeyears________sinceI________youlasttime.
A.havepassed;metB.haspassed;metC.passed;havemet
()2.Hehasbeenhere_______helefthishometown.
A.sinceB.inC.for
()3.—He________theEnglish-Chinesedictionaryforabouttwentyyears,butitisstillnew.
—Whatacarefulman!
A.hasboughtB.hasborrowedC.hashad
()4.---WhendidChina_____theWTO?---China_____theWTOforseveralyears.
A.join;hasbeenamemberofB.join;hasjoinedC.takepartin;havebeenin
()5.Howlonghaveyou_____thebook?
A.boughtB.borrowedC.kept
()6.Howtimeflies!Severalyears_______sincewestartedourmiddleschoollife.Wewillkeepthepleasantexperiencesinourminds.
A.havepassedB.haspassedC.willpass
()7.MrFan_____thisbikein2005.He______itfor10years.
A.bought,hasboughtB.hasbought,hashadC.bought,hashad
()8.He___inourschoolfor20yearsandhe___herein1977.
A.hastaught;cameB.hastaught;hascomeC.taught;cameD.hasteached;hascame
()9.Theyarelate.Thefilm___forfiveminutes.
A.hasbegunB.hasstartedC.hasbeenonD.began
()10.Wehavebeenfriendssince_____.
A.fiveyearsB.fiveyearsagoC.fiveyearsbefore
()11..Hehaslivedthere___1992.
A.sinceB.forC.after
()12.Mike_____thebikeforamonth.
A.hasboughtB.hashadC.hasborrowed
()13.Hehishomefortenyears
A.hasleftB.leftfromC.hasbeenawayfrom
()14.May______thebookfortwoweeks.
A.borrowedB.lentC.keptD.bought
()15.I_____thejobsince2002.
A:haveB:hadC:havehad
()16.Hehasbeenastudent_____twoyears.
AinBonCafterDfor
8、过去完成时态
1).概念:
以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2).时间状语:
①.before+过去时间,by+过去时间,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…)
②.bythetime+从句(一般过去时),主句(过去完成时)
③.用于由when,after,before引导的时间状语从句中,前后两动作都发生在过去。
过去完成时+when/before+一般过去时
一般过去时+after+过去完成时
④.用于宾语从句中。
3).基本结构:had+done.
4).否定形式:had+not+done.
5).一般疑问句:把had放于句首。
练习
()1.He______inShanghaiUniversityforfouryearsbeforehe______Beijing.
A.studied,hadgoneB.hadstudied,wentC.hasstudied,goesD.hadstudied,hadgone
()2.Marysaiditwasatleastfiveyearssincehe______agooddrink.
A.enjoyedB.wasenjoyingC.hadenjoyedD.wouldenjoy
()3.XiaoPeisaidshe______Hainanfor3months.
A.hasbeeninB.hadbeeninC.hadbeentoD.hadgoneto
时态综合:选择最佳答案填空(动词时态):
()1.We__________outbythattimethathe_________athiefforalongtime.
A.hadfound,hadbeenB.hadfound,wasC.found,hadbeenD.found,was
()2.Itsohappenedthatthey________thenovelbefore.
A.hadreadB.wouldreadC.werereadingD.read
()3.She________fornearlytwohours.
A.kepttalkingB.kepttotalkC.haskepttalkingD.kepttotalking
()4.Spring_______afterwinter.
A.comesB.cameC.hascomeD.hadcome
()5.—Ihearsomenoiseinthenextroom.
—Oh,yes.Yoursister_______there.
A.criesB.iscryingC.criedD.wascrying
()6.Allthestudents__________toplanttreesandthere’snobodyintheclassroom.
A.goB.willgoC.havegoneD.woundgo
()7.Stop!Alittleboy_________thestreet.
A.iscrossingB.crossesC.crossedD.hascrossed
()8.Thegirl________tomilksincelastwinter.
A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.wouldlearn
()9.What__________toyouthismorning?
A.happensB.ishappenedC.happenedD.washappened
()10.—Theoldmanlookshealthy.
—Yes.He________somerunningafterhegetsup.
A.doesB.didC.hasdoneD.willdo
()11.Shedidn’tpasstheexamsbecauseshe________herlessonswell.
A.wasn’tpreparedB.wasn’tbeenpreparedC.hadn’tpreparedD.waspreparing
()12.Thisstory_______inafarawayvillageinEuropemanyyearsago.
A.ishappenedB.washappenedC.happenedD.hasbeenhappened
()13.—MrKingcamebacktoourvillage.
—Really?Forwhat?
—Theoldman________thenoiseinthecity.
A.ishatingB.hatesC.washatingD.hashated
()14.Hisfather________foraweek.
A.diedB.willdieC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendead
()15.Mymotherisill.I_______stayathomeandlookafterher.
A.hastoB.mustC.wouldD.haveto
()16.---DoyouknowtheFrenchman?
---Yes.I______himfortwoyears.
A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.havebeenknown
()17.They______alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.
A.spendB.hadspentC.havespentD.willspend
()18.Greatchanges_______inthecity,andalotoffactories_______.
A.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup
B.havetakenplace,havebeensetup
C.havetakenplace,havesetup
D.weretakenplace,weresetup
()19.---WhendidKate’sgrandmadie?
---Whilethedoctors______onher.
A.areoperatingB.wereoperatingC.operateD.operated
()20.---Whoareyoulookingfor?
---MrWhite.
---Waithereforawhile.Theclassmeeting_______overinhalfanhour.
A.isB.willbeC.wasD.hasbeen
()21.Ifshe’snotathome,you______trytelephoningherattheoffice.
A.willB.couldC.wouldD.need
()22.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.
A.havelookedB.haven’tlookedC.havebeenlookedD.haven’tbeenlooked
()23.Idon’twanttospeaktoher,butI______.
A.doB.havetoC.havetospeakD.mustto
()24.Hurryup,oryou_____thetrain.
A.missB.loseC.willmissD.willlose
()25.Thenewlibrary____nextweek.
A..willbuildB.willbebuiltC.wouldbuildD.wouldbebuilt
()26.---Where’sMabel?
---She_____pingpongbehindtheteachingbuilding.
A.isplayingB.wasplayingC.playedD.hadplayed
()27.Quiteafewtallbuildings_______thelasttwoyears.
A.havebeenputupB.wereputupC.hadputupD.putup
()28.Man-made-satellites______intospacebymanycountries.
A.wassentupB.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup
()29.I_______allthewordsontheblackboard.MayIgohomenow?
A.copyB.willcoupC.copiedD.havecopied
()30.Nobodyknew_______alivinginthatcountry.
A.todoB.tomakeC.howtodoD.howtomake
()31.Theoldmanneedsatmostfivehour’ssleepanight,buthe__________foroversevenhourstonight.
A.hasfallenasleepBhassleptChasgonetobedD.hasgonetosleep
()32.I’mreallygettingtoofat.Fromnowon,I________moreexerciseandeatlessfood.
AhavedoneBdoCamdoingDwilldo
()33.Youdon’tneed__________her.I_________herforseveraltimes.
Adescribe,hadmetBdescribe,meetCtodescribe,havemetDdescribe,met
()34.HisspeechinEnglishwasdifficult__________.
AinfollowingBforbeingfollowedCtofollowDtobefollowedby
()35.Whenhewasachild,hetriedtofindways_______people________lifemore.
A.tohelp,enjoyB.help,toenjoyC.help,enjoyingD.tobehelped,toenjoy
()36.Whatdidyourclassteacher________youto_______atthemeeting?
A.tell,sayB.ask,speakC.tell,speakD.ask,talk
()37.______thebusuntilit_______.
A.Getoff,stopsB.getoff,willstopC.Don’tgetoff,stopsD.Don’tgetoff,willstop
()38ThelivingstandardofthepeopleinShanghai_______inthelasttenyears.
A.hasraisedB.hasrisenC.hasbeenraisedD.hasbeenrisen
()39–WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere?
-He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.
A.hasdrivenB.droveC.drivesD.isdriving
()40.Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes.
A.hadbegunB.beganC.hasbeenonD.hasbegun
()41.--WhatareMrandMrsBlackdoing?
---They_____teainthegarden.
A.aredrinkingB.drankC.havedrunkD.drink
1-5CAAAB6-10CACCC11-15CCBCD16-20BCBBB
21-25ADBCB26-30AACDD31-35BDCCA36-41ACBBCA
2017年中考英语二轮专题复习材料语法专题-连词
中考考点八:连词
连词是连接词、短语、从句语句子的词,它是虚词,所以不能单独担任句子成分。
连词的分类:连词主要分为两大类:并列连词和从属连词。
知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
一.并列连词
并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组或从句。常见的连词有
and,but,or,so,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等。
1.and表示递进,因果或承接关系:
1).and表示“和、且”在肯定句中连接并列的成分。Heislaughingandtalking.
2).祈使句+and……,“and”表示“那么”之意。=If……
Studyhard,andyouwillsucceed.=__________studyhard,youwillsucceed.
3).adj/adv+and+adj/adv表示“渐渐”。
Hemakesmistakesagainandagain.
2.but
表示转折关系的连词,意为“但是”Heispoor,buthonest.
3.or
1).or有“或”的意思,表示一种选择Wouldyouliketeaorwater?
2).“祈使句……,or…”or表示否则。=If…not…,……..
Studyhard,oryouwillfail.=_____you_____studyhard,youwillfail.
3).or用在否定句中表示并列关系。Hecan’treadorwrite.
4.both
1).both“两者都”,后面的名词、动词都用复数。Boththeanswersareright.
2).bothof….Bothofusarestudents.
3).both…and…Bothyouandsheareright.
5.either/either…or
1).either“两者当中任何一个”,后有of时接名词的复数形式,无of时接单数名词,动词用单数形式。
Youmayweareitherofthehats.
2).either…or…“不是……就是……,或者
……或者…….”动词与临近的主语保持一致。即“就近原则”.
Eitheryouorhehastogo=Eitherheoryouhavetogo.
6.neither/neither…nor…
1).neither“两者当中都不”,后有of时接名词的复数形式,无of时接单数名词,动词用单数形式。
Neitheroftheanswers______(be)right.
2).neither….nor…“既不…….也不……”动词与临近的主语保持一致。即“就近原则”.
NeitheryounorIamright.=NeitherInoryouareright.
比较:both…and…,either…or…,neither…nor…的相互关系:
肯定句:1.IlikebothAandB.
否定句:2.Idon’tlikebothAandB.=IlikeeitherAorB.
否定句:3.Idon’tlikeeitherAorB.=IlikeneitherAnorB.
7.“Notonly…butalso…”
1).Notonlyyoubutalsoyourfatheriscoming.(连接两个名词或代词做主语时谓语动词依照后面的词而定)
2).ShelearnsnotonlyEnglishbutalsoJapanese.
二.从属连词
从属连词是引导从句的连词。
1.引导宾语从句的连词
1).that连接由陈述句转变而来的宾语从句。
2).who,whom,what,which,whose,when,where,why,how连接由特殊疑问句转变而来的宾语从句。
3).if/whether连接由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句。
2.引导状语从句的连词
1).时间状语从句:when,before,after,until,assoonas,bythetime,themoment,
2).条件状语从句:if,unless
3).原因状语从句:because,as,since
4).方式状语从句:as,asif,asthough
5).结果状语从句:so…that…,such…that…
6).让步状语从句:though/although
7).目的状语从句:sothat
8)地点状语从句:where,wherever
9)比较状语从句:thanas…as
注意:
主将从现的规则用于:
条件,时间状语从句中如下:
主语+willdoif
When
Assoonas主语+一般现在时的相应谓语动词形式
Before
After
3.不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词。
1).because,so不能同时出现在一个句子里,只用其中之一。
Becauseinourschoolknewhim,sowehadnotroubleinfindinghim.
2).though/although,but不能同时出现在一个句子里,只用其中之一。但though可以与yet,still同时出现在一个句子中。
ThoughAustraliaisverylarge,butthepopulationisquitesmall.
4.必须用whether的情况。
1).discuss和介词后的宾语从句用whether.
Wearediscussing____we’llholdameeting.I’mworriedabout___shecancometothemeeting
2).和不定式、ornot连用必须用whether.
Idon’tknow______toleaveornot.Iamnotsure________theywillattendthemeeting.
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
()1.Whichisbigger,thesun_________themoon?
A.orB.andC.butD.so
()2.Hurryup,__________wewillmissthetrain.
A.butB.andC.orD.so
()3.Hehurther_________badly_______shehadtoseeadoctor.
A.too,thatB.so,thatC.either,orD.too,to
()4.Lookout!Thetrafficismovingfast.Its________dangerous________crossthestreet.
A.very,toB.so,toC.much,toD.too,to
()5.Its_______far_______walkhomefromhere.Letstakeabus.
A.so,thatB.too,toC.enough,toD.such,that
()6."WhydidntNickcometoschoolyesterday?""_______hewasill."
A.AfterB.WhereC.WhenD.Because
()7.Johnfellasleep_________hewaslisteningtothemusic.
A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas
()8."Iwontgotothepartytomorrow.""__________youtoldmeyouwould.Whatshappening?"
A.ButB.SoC.AndD.Or
()9.Stopcuttingtrees,________theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.
A.andB.thenC.butD.or
()10."Becareful!Dontbreakthebottles.Doyouhear_______Isaid,David?"
"Yes,mum."
A.WhatB.thatC.howD.if
()11.MrSmithcomesfromAustralia,buthehasworkedinChinaforfiveyears.Soyoucantalkwithhim______________.
A.eitherinEnglishorinChineseB.notinChinesebutinEnglish
C.justinEnglish,notinChineseD.neitherinChinesenorinEnglish
()12.Ican________swim_______skate.Willyoupleaseteachme?
A.either…orB.notonly…butalsoC.both…andD.neither…nor
()13.WhenIgotthenewsthattheshipwouldsink,Iwas_________frightened________mylegscouldntmoveforward.
A.so,thatB.very,thatC.too,thatD.too,to
()14.Sheboughtadigitalcameraonline__________shesavedalotoftime.
A,sothatB.assoonasC.nomatterD.suchthat
()15.Beijinghas________manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours,
A.soB.veryC.tooD.much
()16.Hurryup,________youwillmissthetrain.Itsleavingintenminutes.
A.andB.soC.howeverD.or
()17.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother________totheSummerPalace.Theyhavent
beenback.
A.havebeenB.havegoneC.hasbeenD.hasgone
()18.Youdbetterdoit________yourmotherdid.
A.whenB.asC.likeD.because
()19.______theyarebrothers,theydontlooklikeeachotheratall.
A.BecauseB.ThoughC.WhenD.As
()20.---Whendidyouknowthenews?
---Iknewnothingaboutit_________myfriendtoldme.
A.afterB.itC.becauseD.until
1-5ACBDB6-10DCADA11–15ADAAA16-20DDBBD
2014全国各地中考汇编—连词专项
()1.—Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.Isthatyou,Lucy?
—Yes.Ithasbeenalmost20years______weweretogether.
A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.until
()2.Iwon’tgototomorrow’sparty______Iaminvited.
A.ifB.unlessC.When
()3.Talktoyourteacherandyouwillgethelp______youhaveaproblem.
A.unlessB.ifC.untilD.so
()4.It’sgoingtorain.You’dbettertakeanumbrella_____youmaygetwet.
A.orB.andC.but
()5.Ericarrivedontime,______itwastherushhour.
A.althoughB.becauseC.whileD.unless
()6.Dianaisn’there,______leaveamessageonherdesk.
A.orB.soC.andD.but
()7.He’snotaperfectchild.Hesometimestalksback_______hisparentstalkwith
him.
A.ifB.beforeC.whenD.until
()8.Don’trunintheclassroom,______youmayhurtyourself.
A.andB.orC.butD.so
()9.Theywilllosethegame_______theytrytheirbest.
A.unlessB.onceC.sinceD.after
()10.Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday________hewasill.
A.becauseB.becauseofC.ifD.so
()11.I’dliketogowithyou,_______I’mtoobusy.
A.orB.andC.soD.but
()12.______LinFenghastoworklate,shealwayswearsasmileonherface.
A.BecauseB.IfC.UntilD.Though5ykj
()13.—Theairpollutionisterrible.—Itwillbeworse_______wetakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.
A.ifB.unlessC.untilD.when
()14.Theleft-behindkids(留守儿童)can’tseetheirparents_______theparentscome
backhomefromwork.
A.butB.untilC.orD.if
()15.Practicemore,_______you’lldobetterinplayingchess.
A.butB.andC.whenD.after
()16._____hewasverytired,hecontinuedworkinginhisoffice.
A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AssoonasD.Because
()17.Mumsays______Idomyhomeworknow,IcanwatchTVforanhourtonight.
A.ifB.thoughC.becauseD.while
()18.RickhaslearnedalotaboutChineseculture______hecametoChina.
A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.since
()19.______thesunwasnotyetup,manypeoplewerealreadytakingexerciseinthesquare.
A.AsB.IfC.ThoughD.Because
()20.Spendmoretimetalkingwithyourparents,______theymaynotwellunderstandyou.
A.orB.soC.andD.but
()21.I’dliketohaveatry,______Imayfail.
A.sinceB.thoughC.untilD.after
()22.Insummermilkwillquicklygobad_____itisputintoafridge.
A.thoughB.unlessC.becauseD.once
()23.Fatherwon’tallowmetoplayoutside_______Iwashupthedishes.
A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.because
()24.Lauraopenedthedoorandrushedintotherain_______Icouldstopher.
A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.unless
()25.Itisbettertotravel10,000miles_______toread10,000books.
A.asB.butC.norD.than
()26.Readthisarticle,_______youwillunderstandthatnoteverythingcanbebought
withmoney.
A.orB.andC.butD.so
()27.Itwasrainingheavily,_____wedecidedtostayathomeandwatchTV.
A.butB.orC.becauseD.so
()28.Whichdoyouprefertousetocommunicationwithyourfriends,QQ______
MSN?
A.andB.norC.orD.so
()29._______jeanswereinventedover100yearsago,they’restillinfashiontoday.
A.BecauseB.IfC.AlthoughD.Since
()30.—IreallyenjoyChinesefood!
—Me,too.Mymouthwaswatering_______IwatchedtheTVprogramABiteof
China.
A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.after
()31.Theoldlibrarywillclosesoon______peoplecangivesomemoneytosupportit.
A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.if
()32.—Excuseme.Isitmyturnnow?—Notyet.Pleasewaitonthechair_______yournameiscalled.
A.andB.untilC.althoughD.since
()33.Goodfriendsarelikestars.Youdon’talwaysseethe,______youknowtheyarethere.
A.asB.butC.forD.then
()34.Mymotherpreferstotakeabustoheroffice______shehasacarofherown.
A.ifB.becauseC.althoughD.until
()35.Yourdreamwillcometrue______youputyourheartandsoulintoit.
A.ifB.unlessC.althoughD.until
()36.Whynotlookupthenewwordinthedictionary______youdon’tknowit?
A.ifB.thatC.thoughD.whether
()37.Theteacheraskedmetoreadaloud_______allthestudentscouldhearme.XKb1.Com
A.sothatB.forC.becauseD.inorderto—Areyougoingout,Mike?It’sreallylatenow.
()38.—It’sthelastdaytobuyticketstothe2014FIFAWorldCupinBrazil,_______Imustgonow.
A.ifB.orC.soD.through
()39.—Whenwillyoureturnthebooktome?—I’llgiveittoyou_______Ifinishit.
A.onceB.untilC.assoonasD.unless
()40.—Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?—I’dlove,_______I’mtoobusynow.
A.andB.orC.butD.so
参考答案
1-5ABBAA6-10BCBAA11-15DDBBB16-20BADCA21-25BBCCD26-30BDCCA
31-35BBBCA36-40AACCC