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发表时间:2020-05-22

Learningaforeignlanguage教案。

一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性,作为教师就要根据教学内容制定合适的教案。教案可以让学生更好的消化课堂内容,帮助教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。写好一份优质的教案要怎么做呢?急您所急,小编为朋友们了收集和编辑了“Learningaforeignlanguage教案”,相信能对大家有所帮助。WwW.JaB88.CoM

ReferenceforTeaching?
Ⅰ.异域风情?
AGradedReader?
Agradedreaderisabookcontainingsimplifiedlanguagesusedtohelplearnersmasterthelanguage.Readerscomeindifferentlevels,frombeginnerstoadvanced.Englishlearnersneedtochooseareaderthatissuitablefortheirlevel.?
Whyusereaders??
Lotsofresearchshowsthatextensivereadingimprovesallaspectsoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,speakingskills,fluency,writingskillsandreadingcomprehension.?
ReadingisawayoflearningEnglishwithoutclassesorateacher.Ithelpsdeveloplearnerindependence.Andwhilereadinggradedreaders,learnersdon’thavetoruntoadictionarybecausethelanguageisattheirlevel.?
HowdoIgetstarted??
Theentireclasscanreadthesamebookordifferentbooksatdifferenttimes.?
HowdoIknowtherightlevel??
Ifyourclassisallreadingthesamebook,chooseonethatisappropriatefortheirlevel.Ifyourstudentsarereadingdifferentbooks,youcanhaveaselectionofbooksatdifferentlevels.Inthiscase,don’tworrytoomuchaboutthelevel.Alearnerwhoisinterestedindetectivestoriesmightreadahigherlevelbookifthemotivationisthere.?
Howtoreadthebookdependsonstudents’age,motivationandclasstimeavailable.Someclassesliketoreadsilently,othersliketoreadaloudinsmallgroupsandsomeenjoybeingreadtobytheteacher.Besensitivetotheclassandaskfortheiropinions.?
Somepre-readingactivitiesareneeded.Beforestudentsopenabook,itisimportanttosparkinterestinthestoryandinthewholeprocessofreading.Forexample,askthemtoguesswhatthestoryisfromcover,chaptertitlesandletstudentsputtheminthebestorder,ordiscusstheauthor.?
Duringreading,chooseasuitablechapterorchaptersthatcanbebrokendowntomakeacomicstrip.Orstudentsselectapartofthebooktomakeintoaradioplay.Studentscanalsobecomejournalistsandreportonpartsofthestory.Chooseapieceofactionandhavestudentswriteitup.Besides,studentscanrole-playaninterviewwithacharacter.?
Ⅱ.知识归纳?
1.stick(stuck,stuck)v.?
(1)贴,粘?
Twopagesofthedictionarystucktogether.?
这部词典中有两页粘在了一起。?
(2)插,扎,固定在某处?
Ifoundanailstickinginthetyre.?
我发现轮胎上有个钉子。?
(3)卡住,陷在……里(无法移动)?
Theheavysnowstuckthetrafficforhours.?
大雪使交通中断了好几个小时。?
(4)随便放某处?
Stickitonthedesk.?
就把它放在桌子上吧。?
(5)忍受(主要用在口语中)?
Wedon’tlikehotweather.ButlastsummerIstuckitinthesouthforafewweeks.?
我们不喜欢大热天,但去年夏天我在南方遭受了好几个星期的大热天。?
(6)老待在某处?
She’sstuck(=hastostay)athomealldaywiththechildren.?
她不得不整天待在家且照看孩子。?
stickat?
(1)坚持干(某事),努力干(某事)?
Hesticksathisworktenhoursaday.?
他坚持每天工作10小时。?
(2)让……阻碍自己,因……而停滞不前,就是要……也在所不惜?
Hewouldn’tstickatcheatingtogetwhathewanted.?
为得到他想要的东西,就是骗人的事他也干得出来。?
stickout?
(1)伸出,突出?
Howhisstomachsticksout!?
他肚子好大啊!?
(2)伸出某物?
Stickoutyourtonguetoletthedoctorhavealook.?
伸出舌头来让医生看一下。?
(3)显得突出?
Shehasherhairdyedred,whichalwayssticksoutinacrowd.?
她把头发染红了,因此在人群中总是很显眼。?
(4)坚持到底,坚持说?
Theworkersaredeterminedtostickoutuntiltheygettheirdemands.?
工人们决心坚持到底,达到他们的要求。?
stickto?
(1)坚持(真理等)?
IsticktowhatIsaidyesterday.?
我坚持昨天我说的话。?
(2)坚持干(某事)?
Hewillsticktohistaskuntilitisfinished.?
他决心坚持干他的工作,直到把它干完。?
(3)遵循,按……做(讲),跟着……走?
We’vedecidedtosticktoourpreviousplan.?
我们已经决定按既定计划去做。?
(4)忠于(某人),(和……)长期保持友好关系?
IwillsticktomyfriendTomwhateverissaidofhim.?
无论别人说什么,我将忠于我的朋友汤姆。?
stickup?
(1)伸出来,举起?
Stickupyourhandifyouknowtheanswer.?
如果知道答案你就举手。?
(2)贴上?
Theexaminationresultswillbestuckuponthisboardtomorrow.?
考试结果明天将贴在告示牌上。?
2.adoptv.?
(1)采取,采用,采纳?
Theyadoptedmysuggestionfinally.?
他们最终采纳了我的建议。?
(2)通过?
Theboardadoptedtheproposalaftermuchdebate.?
经过多次辩论,董事会采纳了他的建议。?
(3)收养?
Astheyhadnochildrenoftheirown,theyadoptedanorphan.?
因为自己没有孩子,他们收养了一个孤儿。?
3.acquirev.?
(1)(经过一个过程或通过自己的努力)得到,获得(后面跟抽象名词)?
Maryacquiredconfidence.?
玛丽有了自信。?
(2)(经过努力)得到(具体的东西)?
BythetimeJanneswastwenty,hehadacquiredastoreofhisown.?
到二十岁时,Jannes拥有了属于他自己的商店。?
4.sense作名词?
(1)视觉,听觉,嗅觉等官能(可数)?
Thosewhocan’tseeoftenhaveafinesenseofhearing.?
眼睛看不见的人往往听力好。?
(2)“感觉”(多作单数),常可译为“……感”。?
Asenseofaccomplishmentoftenaccompanieshardeffort.?
成就感往往和艰苦的努力结伴而行。?
Myteacherhadasenseofhumour.?
我的老师有幽默感。?
(3)观念,概念?
Hehasnosenseofdiscipline.?
他没有纪律观念。?
(4)头脑(不可数)?
Hehadenoughsensetoknowwhatitmeant.?
他有足够的头脑,会知道这是什么意思的。?
(5)意思,意义(可数)?
Theword“of”hasmanysenses.?
“of”有多种意义。?
makesense有意义,有道理,能被理解?
Thewholearticledoesn’tmakesense.?
整篇文章意思看不懂。?
makesenseof懂,理解?
Ididn’tmakesenseofwhathesaid.?
我听不懂他说的话。?
Thereisnosenseindoingsth.?
(做某事)没有道理。?
Thereisnosenseworrying.?
担心没有道理。?
sense作动词是“感觉到,觉察出”的意思。?
Hesensedtheapproachingdisaster.?
他感觉到灾难即将来临。?
Ⅲ.词语辨析?
1.awful,terrible,dreadful,horrible,horrid?
awful具有“由于对某个强大的,伟大的,具有特殊意义的人或事物的尊敬,崇拜和畏惧而引起的骇怕”的隐微含义。有时仅表示“非常的,大的”。?
Thebandplaystheawfulmusicof“DonJuan”beforethestatueenters.?
在塑像出来之前,乐队奏“唐璜”中的令人恐怖的音乐。?
Shehasgotanawfullotofworktodo.?
她有很多工作要做。?
terrible表示“对某种具有较大力量的东西的惧怕;恐怖的;能使人痛苦的”。?
Aterriblefiredestroyedsixhouses.?
可怕的大火烧毁了六所房屋。?
dreadful有“因害怕和恐惧而引起惊恐”的含义。?
Cancerisadreadfuldisease.?
癌症是一种可怕的病。?
horrible有“与其说是引起害怕和恐惧的感觉,不如说是引起讨厌和仇恨;可恶的”和“使人憎恶的”等隐含的意义。?
Fromthefishdealers’stallsarisesahorriblesmell.?
在卖鱼摊上冒出一股令人厌恶的气味。?
horrid的意义和形容词horrible相近,隐含有“可恶的,讨厌的”等意义。?
Whatahorridnuisance!?
真讨厌!?
2.get,receive,obtain,gain,acquire?
get“得,取得,获得”,具有最广泛的意义,是口语中最普通的用词,不管通过任何方式取到手,都可用get,可以代换本组其他各同义词。?
Iwentfromoneplacetoanotherbutgotthesameanswereverywhere.?
我走了一处又一处,但听到的回答都是一样的。?
receive隐含主体的消极性,如:他只是接受别人送给他的东西(toreceivetheletter,news,telegram收到信、消息、电报;toreceivepunishment接受惩罚)。?
Onthethirddayhewrotetoherandreceivedananswer.?
第三天他给她写了一封信,并收到了回信。?
obtain“得,得到”,是书面用语,隐含主体的主动性,主体尽了一定的努力,或至少是表示出强烈的愿望才得到了什么;强调达到目的这一事实。?
Heobtainedmuchexperiencethroughhiswork.?
他通过工作得到很多经验。?
gain“得,获得”,隐含“要花费力气或通过竞争和斗争才能获得”的意义,并指所得的东西有一定的好处和利益。?
HecouldhardlygainalivelihoodinParis.?
他在巴黎难以谋生。?
acquire“获得,取得”,通过自己的努力或行为而使原有的东西更多,并成为永久所有;也指慢慢并渐次地获得,如智力等。?
Youmustworkhardtoacquireagoodknowledgeofaforeignlanguage.?
要获得良好的外语知识,你必须努力。?
3.effective,efficient?
effective(adj.)“有效,有效力,生效,有效果”,指得到所希望的结果或产生比较长远的效果,可以用于人或事,用于人时,指所做的事收到一定的效果,有时也指印象深刻或显眼等。?
Heisaneffectivespeaker.?
他是个有力的发言者。?
Peopleweredeeplyimpressedwiththiseffectiveschemeofdecoration.?
这个有效的装饰设计给了人们深刻的印象。?
efficient(adj.)“有效率的,得力的,效果好,有能力,有本领”,这个词除了指效果好以外,还含有方法好,做事不太费劲的意味,用于人、事物或行为,但用以形容人时,要指有才干的人。?
Efficientmanagementisoneofthefactorswhichwilllowerproductioncost.?
有效率的管理是降低成本的一个因素。?
Anefficientexecutive,hesoonhadmattersrunningsmoothly.?
他是一个有本领的领导者,很快就使事情顺利进行了。?
Ⅳ.能力训练?
同义句型转换?
1.老师要求学生记住这首诗。?
(1)Theteacheraskedthestudentsto_______thepoem.?
(2)Theteacheraskedthestudentsto_______thepoem.?
(3)Theteacheraskedthestudentsto_______thepoem______________.?
答案:(1)memorize (2)remember(3)learn;byheart?
2.她幻想太多,成绩退步,落人之后。?
(1)Shedreamedtoomuchand_____________________herlessons.?
(2)Shedreamedtoomuchand_____________________herlessons.?
答案:(1)fellbehindin (2)didnotknow?
3.我今天有许多工作要做。?
(1)I’vegot_______ofworktodotoday.?
(2)I’vegot_______ofworktodotoday.?
(3)I’vegot_____________________ofworktodotoday.?
(4)I’vegot_____________________ofworktodotoday.?
(5)I’vegot______________ofworktodotoday.?
答案:(1)piles (2)lots (3)agreatdeal (4)alargeamount (5)largequantities?
4.我们天生有学习语言的能力。?
(1)Weare_______withaspecialabilitytolearnalanguage.?
(2)We___________________________________learningalanguage.?
(3)Wehave_____________________tolearnalanguage_______.?
答案:(1)equipped (2)haveanaturalgiftfor (3)aspecialability;naturally?
5.他们是双胞胎,很少有人能把他们区别开。?
(1)Theyaretwins.Fewpeoplecan_______one_______theother.?
(2)Theyaretwins.Fewpeoplecan_______one_______theother.?
(3)Theyaretwins.Fewpeoplecan______________oneandtheother.?
(4)Theyaretwins.Fewpeoplecan____________________________oneandtheother.?
(5)Theyaretwins.Fewpeoplecan_______one_______theother.?
答案:(1)distinct;from (2)tell;from (3)tellapart (4)makeadistinctionbetween (5)differentiate;from?
6.他不顾及我在此事上的感受,继续往下说。?
(1)Hecontinuedspeaking,______________myfeelingonthematter.?
(2)Hecontinuedspeaking,____________________________myfeelingonthematter.?
答案:(1)regardlessof (2)payingnoattentionto?

相关知识

高三英语《Learningaforeignlanguage》教案


高三英语《Learningaforeignlanguage》教案

一、教学说明(TeachingRemarks):

本堂课把读前(Pre-reading)和阅读(reading)结合在一起。Pre-reading使学生熟悉话题,预测阅读内容,激发阅读兴趣和欲望。Reading是一篇说明文,是对“外语学习究竟难不难”提出看法并说明理由,设法使读者信服,达到启发思维、提高认识、增长知识的目的。

教学设计充分利用了多媒体电脑的优势,把搜集到的相关知识和课文中的内容相结合,择机设计一些活动,帮助学生化难为易,提高自信心,明确阅读的重点,达到启迪心智、增强理解能力的目的。

二、教学目标(TeachingAims):

知识目标:通过阅读Reading这篇文章,学习文中的一些有用的词语和句型扩大学生的词汇量,提高语言运用能力。

能力目标:1.采用不同的阅读方法理解课文,提高学生的阅读能力。

2.学习文中成功的语言学习者的优秀品质,并鼓励学生将其运用到实践当中,以便提高自己的英语学习能力。

德育目标:教导学生:好的学习方法固然重要,但勤勉更重要。“nopains,nogains.”

三、教学重点(TeachingKeyPoints):

1.采用不同的阅读技巧,让学生了解文章大意,并归纳每段文章的中心意思(mainidea)和文章的主旨(purposeofthetext)。

2.掌握文中的重点词汇、短语和句型。

四、教学难点(TeachingDifficultPoints):

把文中所学到的有用的外语学习者的经验运用到学生的英语学习上,以便于提高他们的英语水平。

五、教学方法(TeachingMethods):

1.Askandanswer和pictures相结合,导入课文。

2.Fastreading归纳每段文章的中心意思(mainidea)和文章的主旨(purposeofthetext),提高学生的阅读能力。

3.Carefulreading回答问题,了解文章细节内容。

4.Groupwork讨论成功语言学习者的经验和特点。

5.Explainingandlearning掌握文中重点词汇、句型。

六、教学辅助(TeachingAids):

Multi-mediaComputer,tape

七、媒体的设计:

首先利用课文标题“LearningaForeignLanguage:TwiceasHard?”问学生“Howdoyouthinkofthisquestion?”让学生讨论导入。然后利用图片与Pre-reading部分的问题相结合的方式,展开讨论与问答,启发学生思考,引起联想,使学生对语言学习这个问题产生更浓的兴趣,以促使他们学习方式的优化,提高其自主学习的能力。由于Pre-reading部分内容都在“Reading”部分要进一步阐明,这就让学生先行考虑,做好了准备,使他们提高阅读的自主性。

图片与问题设计如下:

Question1.Howdowelearnourmothertongue?配以“中国孩子认汉字、学古诗”和“外国孩子学母语,”的图片,学生根据图片和自身的经历便可轻而易举地回答此问题。

Question2.WhatarethedifficultieswemustfaceinlearningEnglish?

Question3.Howislearningaforeignlanguagedifferentfromlearningourmothertongue?配以孩子们围绕着电视看卡通米老鼠学英语的图片。让学生感受到我们从小是如何学英语的以及学英语和学母语的区别。

Question4.Whatarethecharacteristicsofsuccessfullanguagelearners?

Question5.Howcanwedevelopourconfidence?

Question6.Whatcanwedotolearnbetterandfaster?

配以李阳疯狂学英语和全国中学生英语口语大赛图片,学生从问题和图片中就可以体会到成功语言学习者的优秀品质,降低了回答以上问题的难度。

有了以上的准备工作,让学生进入Reading快读。首句阅读并skimthewholetext,找出每段的大意,呈现于屏幕上,检查学生阅读的效果,把握学生对文章的总体理解程度。

第三步进入课文精读。此部分内容的设计目的是使学生读懂文中的细节,从而找出文中的难点。问题按文中段落依次设计如下:

Question1.Howdoweacquireourmothertongue?(paragraph1)

Question2.Howdodifferentpeopleexplainourabilitytolearnourmothertongue?(paragraph2)

Question3.Atwhatagehavemostchildrenmasteredtheirmothertongue?(paragraph2)

Question4.Howislearningaforeignlanguagedifferentfromlearningone’smothertongue?(paragraph3)

Question5.Inthewriter’sopinion,whichisfasterlearningmothertongueandlearningforeignlanguage?(paragraph3)

Question6.Whyaresomepeoplebetteratlearningforeignlanguagethanothers?(paragraph4)

Question7.Whyaresuccessfullanguagestudentsabletogainconfidenceandtorelaxandenjoylearning?(paragraph5)

Question8.Inwhichareasarethesuccessfullanguagelearnersbetter?(paragraph5)

Question9.Howcanthelearnersmaketheirlanguageacquisitionbetter?(paragraph5)

Question10.Howcanwebecomesuccessfullanguagelearners?(paragraph6)

重点词语讲解,排忧解难。把文中出现的重点词语呈现于屏幕上,进行讲解,使学生达到熟知会用。

为了进一步为学生的交际创设情景,让学生用自己的话把文中成功语言学习者的经验做一归纳,于屏幕上显示出来,以便加深学生对这些特点的印象,从而加以利用。

反馈检测练习的设计重在检测学生对文中重点词汇的掌握,因此以短文填空的形式出现。

八.教案

TeachingPlan

(Pre-readingandReadingUnit8Senior3)

Ⅰ.TeachingAims

1.ImprovetheSs’readingability.

2.DeveloptheSs’learninglanguageability.

3、Learnsomeusefulexpressionsandsentences

4、“Nopains,nogains.”Diligenceisthekeytosuccess.

Ⅱ.TeachingKeyPoints
1.ImprovetheSs’readingability.Sumupthemainideaofeachparagraphandthepurposeofthetext.

2.Learnsomeusefulexpressionsandsentences

Ⅲ.TeachingDifficultPoints

1.HowdothestudentsusethecharacteristicsofthesuccessfullearnerstoimprovetheirEnglishstudy?

Ⅳ.TeachingMethods

1.Askandanswer

2.Fastandcarefulreading

3.Groupwork

4.Explainingandlearning

Ⅴ.TeachingAids

Multi-mediaComputer,tape

Ⅵ.TeachingProcedures

Step1.Greeting.

Theteacherandthestudentsgreeteachother.

Step2.Lead-in.

Step3.Fast-readingtofindoutthemainideaofeachparagraphandthepurposeoftheauthor.

Step4.Carefulreadingtoanswersomequestions.

Step5.Explainandmemorisetheusefulexpressionsandsentences.

Step6.Listentothetapeandthenreadthetextaloud.Payattentiontothepronunciationandintonation.

Step7.Test

Step8.Summary

1.thecharacteristicsofthegoodlanguagelearners.

2.theusefulexpressionsandsentences

Step8.Thedesignofthewritingontheblackboard

Usefulexpressions:

1.communicatewithsb./sth.

2.makesenseof

3.beequippedwith

4.adjustoneselftosth./adapttosth.

5.regardlessof

6.takechances/achance

7.takerisks/arisk

8.experimentwithsth.

9.contributetosth./doingsth.

Sentence:

Notallofuswanttobetranslatorsorinterpreters.(原文)

部分否定句的构成:notall/both/every----=all/both/every----not----

eg.Alltheanswersarenotright.=Notalltheanswersareright.

Bothofthebooksarenotuseful.=Notbothofthebooksareuseful.

Noteverystudentwantstotakepartinthegame.=Everystudentdoesn’twanttotakepartinthegame.

Step9.Extrawork

Retellthetextaccordingtothemainideaofeachparagraph.

Step10.Recordafterteaching

Unit8learningaforeignlanguage


一名优秀的教师在教学时都会提前最好准备,准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生更好地进入课堂环境中来,帮助授课经验少的高中教师教学。高中教案的内容具体要怎样写呢?以下是小编为大家收集的“Unit8learningaforeignlanguage”相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

Unit8learningaforeignlanguage

整体感知

单元要点

Wordstudy

1.motivation2.dictation3.alphabet4.stick5.acquire6.acqision7.auful8.instruct9.data10.academct11.comprehension12.anxious13.secure14.translator15.interpreter16.everyday17.patience18.adopt19.tyre20.overweight21.operation22.level23.junior24.senior25.association26.appropriate27.postcode

1.动机2.听写3.字母表4.粘贴5.获得6.获得7.可怕的8.指导9.数据10.学术的;大学生11.理解(力)12.忧虑的13.安全的14.译者15.口译者16.日常的17.耐心的18.收养、采纳19.轮胎20.超重的21.手术运转22.水平23.年少的24.较年长的,年长者25.社团26.合适的27.邮政编码

Usefulexpressions

1.makesenseof2.takerisks3.experimentwith4.pilesof5.knockdown6.fallbehind7.inotherwords

1.理解2.冒险3.实验4.成堆的5撞倒6落后7.换句话说

SentencepatterncommunicativeEnglish

First,youshould……

Whatdoyouthink……

Whatadvicewouldyougive……

MakesurethatyoudoIdon’t……

Youcanalso……

It/thiswillhelpyou……

Theydobetterin……

Themore……thebetter.

Iftheywerenot,theywouldnot……

Notallofuswaittobetranslatororinterpreters.

Twiceashard

Grammar

复习虚拟语气(theSubjunctiveMood)

1.虚拟语气在条件句中的应用

IfyouweretospendasmanyhoursstudyingEnglish,youwouldmakegreatprogress.

2.虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用:Itistimethatweshouldleave.

Topicswriting

练习应用文的写作方法和技巧。背景知识

BBCEnglish

Oneofthebestwaystolearnaforeignlanguageistofollowthemethodyouusetolearnyournativelanguage.Asachildyouhearthesoundsofyourownlanguageandyourepeatit.Youseethewrittenformofthelanguagearoundyouandlittlebylittleyouaretaughttolinkthetwoformsofthelanguage.TheBBCusesthismethodinmanydifferentways.

Englishteachingradioprograms

Withexplanationsin37languagesaswellascompletelyinEnglish,theseprogramarebroadcasttomostareasoftheworldfromLondonandbysome300overseasradiostationsinmorethan100countries.

Coursesoftextbooksandaudiocassettes

TheseaudiocoursesareforpeoplewhowishtolearnEnglishathomeorintheclassroom.TheycanallbeusedforstudyingEnglishfrombeginners’leveltoadvanced.

Videocourses

BBCEnglishprogramshavebeenbroadcastsuccessfullyontelevisioninmorethan100countries.Theycanalsobegotonvideo.Withsupportingtextbooksandaudiocassettes;theyformcompletecoursesforhomestudyorteaching.

Amagazine

TheBBCEnglishmagazineisabi-monthlypublicationandisacompaniontoBBCEnglishradiobroadcasts.Itiswrittenbytheprogrammakersandincludesprogramdetails,practicalhomestudyexercisesandfeatures,aswellasitemsofgeneralinterestfromBBCprogramsdealingwithscience,medicine,technology,etc.

Englishlanguagesummerschool

ThispopularcourseforlearnersandteachersofEnglishisheldinLondoneverysummer.

细说教材

warmingup

Memorizenewwords.记新单词。

[点拨]memorize用法小结:

memorize+名词

e.g.1.Hecouldmemorizenothing.他什么也记不住。

e.g.2.Theyarebeginningthetaskofmemorizingthedialogue.他们正开始记对话。

另外与memorize相关的词有:memory记忆,记忆力

memoirs回忆录memorable值得怀念的memorial纪念碑

Practicedictation.练习听写。

[点拨]dictation用法举例:

eg.1.Howmanyspellingmistakesarethereinyourdictation?

你的默写有多少个拼写错误?

eg.2.Handinyourdictations,please.

请把听写簿交上来。

eg.3.Ihavethemwriteoutthewholedictation.

我让他们把听到的全写出来。

Asktheteachertomakecorrections.请老师批改。


[点拨]correction用法举例:

eg.1.Thesepapersareinneedofcorrection.

这些讲义需要订正。

eg.2.Thecorrectionofcompositionstakesalargepartoftheteacher’stime.

作文的批改花费了老师大量的时间。

[点拨]有些make与名词构成的词组相当于名词的同根动词。

eg.makecorrections=correct

makeanapology=apologize

makeanexplanation=explain

Listening

Thisisacall-inshow.这是电话讨论节目。[点拨]call-in此处为“打(电话)进来”

动词词组callin还有以下用法:

eg.1.Iformedthehabitofcallinginonhimintheevening.

我养成了晚上去看他的习惯。

eg.2.Yourfatherisveryill;youshouldcallinadoctoratonce.

你父亲病的很重,你应该立刻请医生。

eg.3.Thelibrarianhascalledinallthebooks.

图书管理员收回了所有的书。

Askquestionsaboutthetopicbeingdiscussed.咨询正在讨论的话题。

[点拨]本句中的beingdiscussed为现在分词的被动语态作定语,意为“正在被讨论的”。比较下列句子中动词不定式作定语、过去分词作定语与现在分词坐定语的区别:

eg.1.Theywereinvitedtothepartytobeheldnextweek.

他们被邀请去参加下周将要举行的聚会。

eg.2.Heattendedthemeetingheldyesterday.

他出席了昨晚举行的会议。

Whodoyouthinktakepartinthediscussion?你认为谁会参加这场讨论?[点拨]takepartin,attend,join之间的区别:

takepartin常用于参加各种活动;

eg:TheSwissdidnottakepartinthetwoworldwars.

瑞士人民没有参加两次世界大战。

另外takea...partin还有“起……作用”的意思。

attend常用于出席会议、婚礼等或作上学、上课讲。

eg.1.Hedecidedtoattendtheconferenceinperson.

他决定亲自出席会议。

eg.2.Marrydidnotattendthewedding.

玛丽没有参加婚礼。

eg.3.Iattendedtwolecturecoursesunderhim.

我听了他的两次讲座。

join参加或加入某一团体或组织,或加入成为其中的一员

eg.1.Infourmonths,morethan240000workersjoinedtheCommunistParty.

在四个月内有24万工人加入了共产党。

eg.2.Willyoujoinusfordinner?

我们一起吃饭吧?

speaking

IalwaysgetstuckwhenIcomeacrossanewword.

遇到生词时我总是被难住。[点拨]getstuck=bestuck为被动语态,stick被用作动词时本意为“固定”,在不同情况下译法不同。

eg.1.Iwasstuckbythequestion.

我被这问题难住了。

eg.2.Asitwasgrowingdark,Icametoacarstuckinadrift.

天快黑时,我来到了一辆陷入雪堆里的汽车跟前。

stick另一种用法为“伸出来”常于out,outof或up连用。

eg.1.Hesawabranchstickingupinthewater.

他看见一根树枝露出水面。

eg.2.Fromspacetheearthlikeahugewater-coveredglobewithafewpatchesoflandstickingoutabovethewater.

从太空看,地球就像一个巨大的被水覆盖的球体,上面有几块突出水面的陆地。

固定短语stickto粘住;坚持;坚守

eg.1.Gluehasstucktomyfingers.胶水粘住了我的手指。

eg.2.ButEinsteinstucktohistheoryandwentonwithhisresearch.

但是爱因斯坦坚持他的理论,继续从事他的研究。

注意:stickto中的to是介词,后跟名词,名词性从句或代词,不能跟动词,也不跟动名词,即使表示“坚持干某事之意”。

如:sticktoone’splans坚持方案,sticktoone’spromise坚守诺言,sticktoit不停地努力,IsticktowhatIsaidyesterday.我仍然坚持我昨天的话。

而insiston多用于“坚持意见、看法、主张。后常接动词的-ing形式:

eg.Iinsistontellinghimhowgreatyouare.

我一定要告诉他你是多么的了不起。

[点拨]comeacross译为“偶然遇到”“偶然发现”

eg.IcomeacrossherinParis.我在巴黎偶然遇到了她。

come构成的短语有:comeabout发生comeat袭击

comeintobeing产生comebacktolife复活

comeback回来,想起comeout出版,印刷comeup出现,发芽

IhavebeenstudyingEnglishforsolongnow.到现在我已经学了很久的英语了。

[点拨]havebeendoing为现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,有可能继续延续下去或动作刚刚停止。

eg.1.Alltheseyearstheyhavebeenfightingheroicallyforindependence.

这些年来他们一直为独立而英勇战斗。

eg.2.Theyhavebeenmakingoiledpaperumbrellasformorethan400years.

他们制造油纸雨伞已经有四百多年的历史了。

……butnowIfeelasifI’mnotmakinganyprogress.可是现在我感觉好象没有进展。

[点拨]asif/though意为“就像……似的,就仿佛……似的”连词词性,引导的从句中,谓语常用虚拟语气。

eg.1.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.

我记得事情的全部经过就像发生在昨天一样。

eg.2.AsifIcared!我才不在乎呢!

当从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致,从句谓语中又包含动词be时,这个主语和动词be省略。

eg.1.Fromtimetotime,Johnturnedaroundasif(hewas)searchingsomething.

约翰不时的转过身来仿佛在找什么东西。

eg.2.Hepaused,asiftoletthepainfulmemoriespass.

他顿了顿,像要避开那些痛苦的回忆。

[点拨]makeprogress意为“前进、进展、取得进步、(病情)有好转”,progress为不可数名词。

eg.1.Janeisstillinhospital,butsheismakingprogress.

简仍在医院里,但她的病情正有所好转。

eg.2.HemadegreatprogressinspeakingEnglish.

他在英语口语方面已大有进展。

Reading

Learningaforeignlanguage:Twiceashard?学习外语:双倍的努力?

[点拨]此句为省略句,完整的句子应为:Doeslearningaforeignlanguagehavetobetwiceashardaslearningourmothertongue?

as…as用于事物比较时,根据上下文可以省略被比较部分。

eg.1.Iworkveryhard,butshedoesn’tworkashard(asme).

我工作很努力,但她工作不如我努力。

eg.2.Iplaytenniswell.Youcan’texpecttoplaytennisaswell(asme).

我乒乓球打得好。你不能期望像我一样好。

eg.3.IfyouweretospendasmanyhoursstudyingEnglish,youwouldmakeprogress.

如果你花同样多的时间学英语,你会有进步的。

Learningalanguageisobviouslymorethanjustmemorywords,phraseandstructures.学习语言显然不仅仅是记忆单词、词汇或句型。

[点拨]morethan意为“不仅仅是”:

eg:Heismorethanourteacher.Heisourfriend.

他不仅仅是我们的老师还是我们的朋友。

morethan还有“超过”、“很”、“非常”的意思:

Theyweremorethangladtohelp.

他们非常乐意帮助。

Insteadwelearntoracquiredourmothertonguebycommunicatingwiththepeoplearoundus.相反,通过与周围人的交流我们学会我们的母语。

[点拨]acquire经过一个过程或通过自己的努力等得到

eg.1.Bythetime,Jameswastwenty,hehadacquiredastoreofhisown.

詹姆斯20岁的时候,他拥有了自己的店铺。

eg.2.It’ssometimespossibleforastudenttomasterEnglishgrammarandacquirealargevocabulary,evenwithoutthehelpofateacher.

即使没有老师的帮助,学生也有可能掌握英语语法和大量的词汇。

[点拨]communicatewith意为“与……交流/联系”:

eg:Theyusedcarrierpigeonstocommunicatewithheadquarters.

他们用信鸽与总部联系。

Andperhapsmostpuzzlingofall,howwereweabletomakesenseofwhatweheard.

大概最令人迷惑不解的是,我们如何能够理解我们听到的话。

[点拨]mostpuzzlingofall最令人迷惑不解的

mostimportantofall最为重要的

[点拨]makesenseofsth弄懂……意思:

eg:Canyoumakesenseofthispoem?

你懂得这首诗的含义吗?

makesense有意义

eg:Whatyousaydoesn’tmakesense/makenosense.

你的话毫无意义。

Somebelievethatweareequippedwithaspecialabilitytolearnlanguageandourbrainadjustitselftothelanguageoftheculturewearebornin.

有人认为我们具备特殊的学语言能力,而且我们的大脑能够自我协调以适应我们本族文化的语言。

[点拨]equipAwithB用B装备A

eg:ThePLAmenareequippedwithmodernweapons.

解放军战士是用现代化武器装备起来的。

[注意]equip是指“加设备(或装置)于……”,它的宾语不能是指被设备或被装置的东西的词。

eg:可以说Theyequippedthearmywithmodernweapons.

但不可以说:Theyequippedmodernweaponswiththearmy.

[点拨]adjustoneself/s.th.to

eg.1.Thebodyadjustsitselftochangesintemperature.

身体能自行调节以适应气温变化。

eg.2.Youcan’tseewellthroughatelescopeunlessitisadjustedcorrectlytoyoursight.除非你把望远镜准确的调节到适合你的视力,否则就看不清楚。

Well-adjusted与他人关系和谐的,善于顺应的

Othersthinkthatwelearnlanguageinthesameway…andthatwhatwearebornwithisa….另一些人认为和学习其他事物一样,比如走路,解决问题等,我们用同样的方式学习语言,我们与生俱来的是一种学和用的综合能力,而不是专门的语言学习能力[点拨]上一句的some,与这一句的others构成固定的句型搭配some…others/other+n(pl)…意为“一些……另一些……”。

[点拨]thatwelearnlanguage…与thatwhatwearebornwith…为谓语动词think的并列宾语从句,第一个引导词that可以省略,但第二个引导词that不可省略。

[点拨]inthesameway之后省略的关系代词that或inwhich与welearnotherthings一起构成way的定语从句。

Regardlessoftheirtheories,theselanguageexpertsdoagreethat…

尽管众说纷纭,这些语言专家都承认生活是一所成功的语言学校。

[点拨]regardlessof意为:不顾,不注意,

eg.1.regardlessoftheconsequences不顾后果

eg.2.regardlessofexpense不考虑费用

其反义为regardfulof注意关心

eg:Bemoreregardfulofyourowninterests.

请多注意你自己的利益。

Thatmaynotseemtruetoyou.对你来说那也许不是真的。

[点拨]maynot表猜测时意为“也许不”,而cann’t用于猜测时表示绝对否定“不可能”。

eg:Shecan’tbeserious.她不可能是当真的。

Shemaynotbeserious.她也许不会当真。Butonceyouconsiderthesituationfurther,youwillrealizethatthisisindeedthecase.但是一旦你更仔细地考虑这种情况,你会发现这的的确确是真的

[点拨]This/That’sthecase=This/That’strue.thecase实情,真相

eg.1.Isitthecasethatyouhavelostallyourmoney?

你的钱全部都损失了,是真的吗?

eg.2.Ifthat’sthecase,youwillhavetoworkmuchharder.

如果情形是那样的话,你将必须更加努力工作。

Asitoftenthecasewith…这是常有的事inanycase无论如何incase万一

…inotherwords,youwerestudyingthelanguagealldaylong!

换句话说,你一直在学这种语言。

[点拨]inotherwords意为“换句话说”,类似于“that’stosay、namely”等。

eg:Inotherwords,hecheatedus.换句话说,他欺骗了我们。

与word构成短语有:inaword总之,简言之eatone’swords认错,收回前言并道歉,getinaword插话,haveawordwith与某人谈话,breakone’sword/promise食言,失信

固定句型:wordcomethat…消息传来

…sothatisanawfullotofhours.所以说那是极长的时间。

[点拨]sothat在此句中不是固定短语“以便,以致于…”的意思。此处so为连词,that在句子中充当主语。

IfyouspendasmanyhoursstudyingEnglish…如果你花同样多的时间学英语……

[点拨]此句为省略句,呈前省略了“asstudyingyourmothertongue.”

IfyouweretospendasmanyhoursstudyingEnglish,youwouldmakegreatprogress.如果你花同样多的时间学习英语,你将会取得很大的进步.

[点拨]此句为虚拟语气,对未发生事情或情况的虚拟,从句用“主语+should/wereto/过去式”,主句用“主语+would/should/could+动词原形。”

eg:Howniceitwouldbeifwewerestilllivingby2100!

如果到2100年我们仍活着的话,该多好啊!

Wehavetextbooks,teachersandclassmatestoinstructandassistusintheprocess…

在学习的过程中,我们有教科书,有老师来指导我们,有同学帮助我们…

[点拨]①instruct+n教授…

eg:instructaclassinhistory教授一个班的历史

instructrecruits教新兵

②instructsbtodosth指导某人做某事

eg:instructsbhowtowork指导某人如何工作

[点拨]assist(sb)withsth/indoing/todosth:援助/帮助某人做某事,比help较正式。

eg.1.Sheemployedawomantoassistherwiththehousework.

她雇了一个妇女来帮忙做家务。

eg.2.Heaskedustoassisthimincarryingthroughtheirplan.

他请求我们协助他完成他们的计划。

Thedatasuggeststhatwhatsuccessfullanguagelearnershaveincommonis,amongotherthings,aninterest…ability.数据显示成功语言学习者共同拥有的是:了解自身的兴趣,对世界的好奇心,抢抓机遇和对自己能力的自信。

[点拨]这是一个长句,that引导的宾语从句中,“Whatsuccessfullanguagelearnershaveincommon”作宾语从句中的主语.“is”为系动词,aninterest…ability作为并列表语。

Activelearnersareabletoacquirenewskillsfasterandputwhattheyknowtobetteruse.积极学习者能够更快获得新技巧而且更好的学以致用。

[点拨]puttouse固定搭配意为“加以利用”

eg.1Heputshistrainingtogooduseinhisjob.

他把他受到的业务培训很好地利用到工作中来。

eg.2.It’sapitytothrowanythingawayifitcanbeputtouse.

东西只要还可以加以利用,扔掉了总是可惜的。

Asaconsequence,theydobetterinareassuchasreadingcomprehension,…

结果,他们阅读理解、词汇学习、写和说方面做得更好。

[点拨]asaconsequence=inconsequence=asaresult

eg:wehadn’tenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,andasaconsequence,wehavetowalk.我们没有足够的钱坐公交车,结果不得不步行。

as/inaconsequence=asaresultof由于……

eg:Asaconsequenceofhislaziness,hewasfired.

由于懒惰,他被解雇了。

另外,consequence还有“重要,要紧”的意思

eg:It’sofnoconsequence.不打紧

Thelessanxiousandmorerelaxedthelearner,thebetterthelanguageacquisitionproceeds.学习者越放松,越不紧张,语言的获得进展越好。

[点拨]theadj/adv(比较级)…,the+adj/adv(比较级)…

译为“越……越……”

Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。

[点拨]anxious用法小结

1.beanxioustodosth(forsth)急于/渴望干某事或得到某物

eg.1.Theyareanxioustoknowtheresult.他们急于知道结果。

eg.2.Theboywasanxiousforanewpen.那个男孩渴望有一支新钢笔。

2.beanxiousabout=beworriedabout为……担忧

eg:Somepeopleareanxiousaboutthefuture.有些人对前途感到不安。

(辨析)anxious和eager都有“渴望”“急于”的意思,但用法略有不同,anxious着重指焦急、着急或担心,eager着重指对成功的期望或进取的热情。

eg.1.Weareanxioustoarrivehomebeforedark.

我们急于在天黑之前到家。

eg.2.Weareeagertojointhearmy.我们渴望参军。

Theyaremorewillingtotakerisks….

他们更愿意冒险。

[点拨]take/runrisks/arisk意为“冒险”

eg:She’stoosensibletotakeariskwhenshe’sdriving.

她在开车时很有判断力而不致冒险。

Take/runriskofdoingsth冒险做某事:冒……之险

eg:Hewasreadytorun/taketheriskofbeingtakenprisonerbytheenemy.

他愿意冒被敌人俘虏的危险。

Iftheywerenot,theywouldn’tbereadytoexperimentwithnewformsandtomakemistakes,allofwhichcontributetotheirincreasedabilitytolearn.

如果他们不自信,他们不会愿意去尝试新的形式去出错,而只有尝试新的事物及错误的纠正才有助于学习能力的提高。

[点拨]experimentwith试验,试用

eg.1.Inordertodiscoverthecropsmostsuitedtothesoil,theyexperimentedwithvariouskindsofgrain.

为了发现最适合土壤的庄稼,他们试验了各种谷物。

eg.2.Thatmanisexperimentingwithdyestogetthecolorhewants.

那人正用染料做试验想要获得他所想要的颜色。

[点拨]contributeto用法小结

eg.1捐赠、捐助contributetotheRedCross捐助红十字会

eg.2有助于,促成Drinkcontributetohisruins.饮酒促成了他的毁灭。

eg.3投稿于:Mr.GreenhascontributedpoemstotheLondonMagazineforseveralyears.格林先生向《伦敦杂志》投诗稿已有几年了。

Notallofuswanttobetranslatorsorinterpreters.

并不是每个人都想成为一个翻译者或口译者。

Grammar

Ihavepilesofhomeworktodo,thereforeIcan’trelax.

我有许多作业要做,因此,我无法放松。[点拨]pilesof意为“一堆堆的,成堆的”

eg:apileofbooks一堆书pilesofbooks一堆堆的书

pile亦可用作动词,词组pileup意为“累积”“堆积”

eg:Myworkkeepspilingup.我的工作越积越多。

Mostexchangestudentssaythattheyfeelasiftheyweretrulypart

oftheirhostfamiliesandthattheywillalwaysstayintouch.许多交流学生说他们觉得他们真正成了房东家庭的一员而且他们将永远保持联系。

[点拨]此句中thattheyfeel…andthattheywill…intouch构成谓语say的并列宾语从句,其中第二个that在句中不可省略。

[点拨]stayintouch=keepintouch意为“保持联系”,touch后常与介词with搭配意思为“与……的联系”。

与touch构成的其他短语有:beintouchwith和……有联系be/getoutoftouchwith脱离、失去联系bring…intouchwith使接触,使认识getintouchwith和……取得联系losetouchwith与……失去联系

What’sperhapsthemostvaluableiswhatyoulearnaboutyourselfandyourownculture.

可能最重要的便是你对自身和所属文化的了解。

[点拨]名词性从句whatis…以及whatyou…ownculture分别充当主语和表语从句,其中what可以理解成somethingthat.

eg:Ourhometownisn’twhatitusedtobe.我们的家乡不再是过去的样子。

Integratingskill

Manylanguagelearnersthinkthatthebestwaytolearnalanguageistospendtimeinacountrywherethelanguageisspoken.许多语言学习者认为学语言最好的方式就是去在讲这种语言的国度里呆上一段时间。

[点拨]1.这是一个长句,主句为manylanguagelearnersthinkthat…,在that引导的宾语从句中,thebestway作主语,tolearnalanguage作thebestway的定语,tospendtimeinacountry作宾语从句中的表语,wherethelanguageisspoken作acountry的定语从句。

[点拨]2.关系副词where引导的定语从句,where相当于inwhich或atwhich在定语从句中充当地点状语。

eg.1.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

他父亲工作的工厂在城市西边。

eg.2.Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.

这是我们去年住的房子。

Manyschoolofferexchangeprogramatvariousacademiclevelsatareasonablecost.许多学校提供价格合理的不同学术层次的交流计划。

[点拨]at…alevel意为“以……水平”又如:consultationsatcabinetlevel内阁阁员间的磋商

[点拨]at…acost以……为代价、以……的价格

eg.1.tosellsthatcost照成本卖

eg.2.Thebattlewaswonat(a)greatcostinhumanlives.

牺牲了许多士兵的性命才换来的这场战役的胜利。

又如固定搭配:atallcosts不惜任何代价,无论如何

atthecostof牺牲,丧失

eg:Hesavedhissonfromdrowning,butonlyatthecostofhisownlife.

他救了他儿子的命:幸免于溺死,但却牺牲了他自己的命。

…itisalsopossiblethatsomeofthemmayfallbehindintheirstudies.

一些学生有可能在学习上会落到后面。

[点拨]Itispossiblethat…为固定句型,其中possible也可以用likely替换,意思为“有可能……”。此句型还可用sbbelikelytodosth…句型替换。但不可以说sbbepossibletodosth.

eg:It’slikely/possiblethathewilldoverywell.

他有可能会干得很出色。

[点拨]fallbehind意为“落在后面”

eg:Soonhefallbehindintherace.

比赛不久,他就落在了后面。

Hedidn’twanttofallbehindinhisstudies.

他不想在学习上落到了别人的后面。

Grammar

虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句、让步从句和名词性从句中。

(1)虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法:

条件从句

条件从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

表示现在情况

IfI(you,he/she,we,they)

+动词过去式

should/would/could/might

+动词原形

表示过去情况

IfI(you,he/she,we,they)

+had+过去分词

should/would/could/might

+have+过去分词

IfI(you,he/she,we,they)

+动词过去式表示未来情况IfI(you,he/she,we,they)

+should+动词原形

should/would/could/might

+动词原形

IfI(you,he/she,we,they)

+wereto+动词原形根据下面例句进一步理解:

①与现在事实相反:

IfIwereyou,Ishoulddoitinanotherway.

如果我是你的话,我会用另一种方法做。

②与过去事实相反:

IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexam.

假如我学习不那么刻苦,就不会通过那次考试了。

③与将来事实相反:

Ifyoumissed(weretomiss/shouldmiss)thefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorryforit.假如今晚错过了这部电影,你将会感到遗憾的。

(2)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

①在wish后面的宾语从句中,谓语常用过去式来表示现在的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,用would/could/might+动词原形来表示将来的情况。如:

Iwishthatshewereherewithmeandthatweweren’tsick.

IwishIhadsenttheoldmantohospitalintime.

IwishIcouldbewithyouforthenextthreemonths.

wouldrather,asif,it’stime…,whatif,ifonly也有类似用法

②在demand,suggest,order,propose,request,command,insist等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语通常用should+动词原形或只用动词原形来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。

Shesuggestedwe(should)leaveearly.

Theteacherinsistedthatthestudents(should)haveatest.考题档案

1.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.

A.hascomeB.didcome

C.cameD.hadcome(MET94)

2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.

A.breaksB.hasbroken

C.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken(MET95)

3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifweinturn,yousotired.

A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget

C.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot(MET95)

4.-IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.

-Oh,didyou?Oh,IwithBarbara.

A.couldhavestayedB.couldstay

C.wouldstayD.musthavestayed(MET98)

5.itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputofftheYangpuBridge.

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will(上海94)

6.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatsheill,andherparentssuggestedthatsheamedicalexamination.

A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have

C.shouldbe;hadD.was;has(上海94)

7.forthefreetickets,Iwouldn’thavegonetothefilmssooften.

A.IfitisnotB.Wereitnot

C.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot(上海95)

8.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,shesomethingwouldregretlater.

A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid

(上海96)

9.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight,toocoldforustolive.

A.wouldbefreezingcoldB.willbefreezingcoldly

C.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly(上海97)

10.Ifonlyhequietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.

A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie

(上海2000)

11.Whatwouldhavehappened,asfarastheriverback?

A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfarther

C.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther(上海2001)

12.Ifyouhadyourtestpapercarefullybeforehandingitin,youwouldhavemadefewermistakes.

A.lookedupB.thoughtaboutC.goneoverD.goneround

(上海2000)

13.IfIhadhurried,Ithetrain.

A.wouldcatchB.willhavecaught

C.wouldhavecaughtD.hadcaught(92成人高考)

14.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifIinlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.

A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallen

C.shouldfallD.weretofall

15.____besenttoworkthere?

A.WhodoyousuggestB.Whodoyousuggestthatshould

C.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould

参考答案:1-5:DCDAB6-10:BCDAC11-15:CCCBA

一课一测

A级(基础训练)

Ⅰ.单项填空

1.Sheis____toleaveassoonaspossible.

A.hurriedB.anxiousCworriedD.nervous

2.AswejoinedthebigIgot_____frommyfriends

A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed

3.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountries_____withnoagreementreached.

A.havebrokendownB.havebrokenoutC.havebrokeninD.havebrokenup

4.——Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.

_____Butshe____themeeting.shejustarrived5minuteslate

A.attendedB.hasattended

C.hadattendedD.wasgoingtoattend

5.IsoonfoundthattheworkIwasdoinghadalreadybeendonebysomeoneelse,Iwaswastemytime.

A.inwordsB.inawordC.inotherwordsD.inmanywords

6.____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.

A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As

7.Itisn’t____thatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.

A.possiblyB.likelyC.perhapsD.probably

8.Heknockedhim____withoneblowofhisfist.

A.upB.offC.overD.down

9.Heis_____ateacher.Heisourgoodfriend.

A.nomorethanB.notmorethanC.morethanD.lessthan

10..Paperproducedeveryyearis________theworld’sproductionofvehicles.

A.thethreetimesweightofB.threetimestheweightof

C.asthreetimesheavyasD.threetimesasheavieras

B级(应用创新)

Ⅰ.单项填空

1.Beingdeterminedisakindofqualityandthat’s_______ittakestodoanythingproperly.

A.how B.whichC.whereD.what

2.—Mr.Whitedidntcomelastnight,didhe?

 —No.We________forhim.Awholenightwaswasted.

A.hadwaitedB.havebeenwaiting

C.werewaiting D.hadbeenwaiting

3.Whenshewokeup,sherealizedthatthethingsshehaddreamtaboutcouldnot________havehappened.

A.possibly B.likely

C.certainlyD.usually

4.Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

A.mustmakeB.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmakeD.couldhavemade

5.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe______inthemudallmorning.

A.hasplayedB.isplaying

C.hasbeenplayingD.wasplaying

6.Theytoldmeitwouldbecheapbut_______itcostmenearly£500.

A.asaconsequence B.inawork C.atlastD.infact

7.Mostmuseumsarejustforlooking.Buttodaysomeofthemhavethingsforyoutotouch.Thesignssay,“______!”

A.Betouching B.Totouch C.Dotouch D.Notouch

8.IfBush______hissistertoattendtheparty,shewillcertainlybeglad.Shehasn’tmetBushforyears.

A.allowsB.promises C.demands D.suggests

9.—I’mnottheman____thephone.SheaskedforHenry.

 —I’msorryIwasmistaken.

A.calledon B.callingoverC.wantedon D.rungupon

10.Thestepyouhavetakenis______muchrisk(冒险).

A.oneofB.theoneof C.theoneD.thatone

11.Comeon,Harry,Whystandtherealone?We’llgotoplayballgames.Howabout_____us?

A.joininB.takingpartinC.attendingD.joining

12.____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromdanger.

A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif

13.Thefamousscientistgrewup____hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.

A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.wherever

14.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying__

___here.

A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimes

C.muchasthreetimesD.threetimeasmuch

15.AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,______.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequipped

B.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themoreforlifeyouareequipped

D.youareequippedthemoreforlife

Ⅱ。完形填空

Jamessatoutsidetheofficewaitingfortheinterview.Hefeltso__1__thathedidntknowwhattodowith__2__.Thepersonwhohadgonein__3__himhadbeenintherefornearlyanhour.Andshelookedsoconfident(自信的)whenshewentin,__4__James.Hefelt__5__thatshehadalreadygotthe__6__.Theproblemwasthathewantedthisjob__7__.Itmeant__8__tohim.Hehad__9_itsuchalotbeforethedayoftheinterview.Hehadimaginedhimself__10__brilliantlyattheinterviewand_11__thejobimmediately.Nowherehewasfeeling__12__,however.Hecouldnt_13__allthosethingshehad__14__tosay.Atthatmoment,healmostdecidedtogetupand__15__.Butno-hehadtodothis.Hehadspentsomuchtimeconsideringitthathecouldnt__16__likethat.Hishandswerehotandstickyandhismouthfeltdry.Atlastthedooroftheofficeopened.Thewomanwhohadgoneinanhourearliercameoutlookingvery__17__withherself.Shesmiledsympathetically(同情地)atJames.AtthatmomentJames__18__her.Themanagingmanthenappearedattheofficedoor."Wouldyouliketocomeinnow,Mr.Davis?Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting."Jamessuddenly__19__thathehadgonehome.Hegotup.Legs__20__andforeheadsweatingandwonderedwhetherhelookedasterrifiedashefelt.

1.A.healthyB.nervousC.carelessD.confident
2.A.themanagerB.thewomanC.himselfD.anything

3.A.byB.withC.beforeD.after

4.A.notlikeB.sodidC.doasD.dolike

5.A.doubtfulB.sureC.angryD.astonishing

6A.rewardB.firstC.prizeD.job

7.A.hopelesslyB.naturallyC.easilyD.somuch

8.A.everythingB.happinessC.difficultyD.nothing

9.A.doneB.learnedofC.thoughtaboutD.talkedabout

10.A.explainingB.performingC.answeringD.writing

11.A.offeredB.askedforC.beingofferedD.beingaskedfor

12.A.crazyB.excitedC.probableD.terrible

13.A.dependonB.affordC.believeinD.remember

14.A.keptB.beentaughtC.plannedD.beensupplied

15.A.leaveB.goinC.prepareD.practise

16.A.takebackB.putoffC.giveupD.putdown

17.A.uglyB.pleasedC.sadD.pretty

18.A.noticedB.lovedC.missedD.hated

19.A.thoughtB.hopedC.wishedD.regretted

20.A.shakingB.bendingC.walkingD.stopping

Ⅲ。阅读理解

A

Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Childrenaregreatlydifferentintheamountoflisteningtheydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlaterstartersareoftenlonglisteners.Mostchildrenwill“obey”spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak,thoughtheword“obey”ishardlyexactasadescriptionoftheeageranddelightedco-operation(合作)usuallyshownbythechild.Beforetheycanspeak,manychildrenwillalsoaskquestionsbygesturesandbymakingquestioningnoises.

Anyattempttostudythedevelopmentfromthenoisesbabiesmaketotheirfirstspokenwordsleadstoconsiderabledifficulties.It’sagreedthattheyenjoymakingnoises,andthatduringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisessortthemselvesoutasparticularexpressionlikedelight,pain,friendlinessandsoon.Butsincethesecan’tbesaidtoshowthebaby’sintentiontocommunicate,theycanhardlyberegardedasearlyformsoflanguage.Itisagreedtoo,thatfromaboutthreemonthstheyplaywithsoundsforenjoyment,andthatbysixmonthstheyareabletoaddnewwordstotheirstore.Thisself-imitation(自我模仿)leadsouttodeliberate(有意的)imitationofsoundsmadeorwordsspokentothembyotherpeople.Theproblemthenarisestothepointatwhichonecansaythattheseimitationscanbeconsideredasspeech.

Itisaproblemweneedtogetourteethinto.Themeaningofaworddependsonwhataparticularpersonmeansbyitinaparticularsituationanditisclearthatwhatachildmeansbyawordwill.changeashegainsmoreexperienceoftheworld.Thustheuse,atsevenmonths,of“mama”asagreetingforhismothercannotbedismissedasameaninglesssoundsimplybecausehealsousesitatanothertimeforhisfather,hisdog,oranythingelsehelikes.Playfulandmeaninglessimitationofwhatotherpeoplesaycontinuesafterthechildhasbeguntospeakforhimself.Idoubt,however,whetheranythingisgainedwhenparentstakeadvantageofhisabilityinanattempttoteachnewwords.

1.Childrenwhostartspeakinglate________

A.mayhaveproblemswiththeirlistening

B.probablydonothearenoughlanguagespokenaroundthem

C.usuallypaycloseattentiontowhattheyhear

D.oftentakealongtimeinlearningtolistenproperly

2.Ababy’sfirstnoisesare________.

A.anexpressionofhismoodsandfeelings

B.anearlyformoflanguage

C.animitationofthespeechofadults

D.asignthathemeanstotellyousomething

3.Theproblemofdecidingatwhatpointababy’simitationcanbeconsideredasspeech

________.

A.isimportantbecausewordshavedifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople

B.isnotespeciallyimportantbecausethechangetakesplacegradually

C.isonethatshouldbeignored(忽略)becausechildren’suseofwordsisoftenmeaningless

D.isonethatcanneverbeproperlyunderstoodbecausethemeaningofwordschangeswithage

4.Thespeakerimpliesthat________.

A.evenaftertheyhavelearnttospeak,childrenstillenjoyimitation

B.childrenwhoaregoodatimitatinglearnnewwordsmorequickly

C.childrennolongerimitatepeopleaftertheybegintospeak

D.patentscanneverhopetoteachtheirchildren

B

Forsometimepast,ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabiesandothercreature-learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto“rewards”,andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthisistrue.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearlytime,hadtobedirectlyconnectedtosuchbasicphysiological“drives”asthirstorhunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfort,nototherwise.

Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptsuccessinsight.

Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwayto“reward”thebabiesandsoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovements,suchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponse(回答)withclearsignsofpleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren’sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovided.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovement“turnedon”somelights-andindeedthattheywereabletolearnsomemoreturnstobringaboutthisresult,forexample,twoleftortworight,oreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstooneside.

Papousek’slightexperimentwasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinterestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightcloselyalthoughtheywould“smileandspeak”whenthelightwason.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotthesightofthelightswhichpleasedthem.Itwasthesuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheproblem,inmasteringtheskill,andthenthereisabasichumannaturetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitundercontrol.

5.Accordingtothewriter,babieslearntodothingsthat________.

A.willsatisfytheirsurprise

B.willmeettheirphysicalneeds

C.aredirectlyconnectedtopleasure

D.willbringthemafeelingofsuccess

6.Paponseknoticedinhisstudiesthatababywould________.

A.makelearnedresponseswhenitsawthemilk

B.continuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilk

C.turnitsheadtorightorleftwhenithadenoughtodrink

D.carryoutlearnedmovementswhenithadenoughtodrink

7.InPapousek’sexperimentbabiesmakelearnedmovementsoftheheadinorderto________.

A.bepraisedB.pleasetheirparents

C.berewardedwithmilk D.havethelightsturnedon

8.Thebabieswould“smileandspeak”atthelightsbecause________.

A.theysucceededin“turningon”thelights

B.thesightoflightswasinteresting

C.theyneednotturnbacktowatchthelights

D.thelightsweredirectlyconnectedtosomebasic“drives”

Ⅳ。短文改错

Youcanfindallkindsinformationinjust1.__________

afewminuteontheInternet.It’slikegoingtoa2.__________

hugelibrarywithouthavetowalkaroundtofind3.__________

yourbooks.Recentlyeventhough,manypeople4.__________

havebeendiscussingthedangersoftheInternet.5.__________

TheyhavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeople6.__________

tryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.7.__________

FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.Butnotall8.__________

informationaregoodtosociety.Forexample,you9.__________

canfindsuchinformationlikehowtokillpeople.10.__________

Theproblemwillbecomemoreseriousinthefuture.

Ⅴ.书面表达

假设你是校学生会主席,请你为下周要举行的英语演讲比赛制定评分标准,包含以下要点:

1.文章主题明确;20%2.语言表达清楚;10%

3.发音准确地道;20%4.语速适中;10%

5.带有感情色彩。40%

不要逐条翻译,100字左右。

参考答案

A级

Ⅰ。单项填空

1~5BBAAC6~10DBDAB

B级

Ⅰ。单项填空

1~5DDADC6~10DCBCB11~15DBCDB

Ⅱ。完形填空

1~5BCCAB6~10DDACB11~15CDDCA16~20CBDCA

Ⅲ。阅读理解

1~4DABA5~8DBDA

Ⅳ。短文改错

1.kinds→kindsof2.minute→minutes3.have→having4.eventhough→eventhough5.√6.They→There7.person→personal8.easily→easy9.are→is10.like→as

Ⅴ。书面表达

Onepossibleversion:

IfyouwanttogetaverygoodgradeinthecomingEnglishspeechcompetitionnextweek,first,youmusthaveagoodpieceofwritingwhosesubjectisquiteclear.Alsothearticleshouldhaveverygoodwording.Andthen,whenyouaregivingthespeech,youmustpronounceeverywordcorrectlyandyoushouldhavestandardintonationandproperspeed.Themostimportantofall,youshouldgivethespeechwithemotion.Ihopethateverybodyiswellpreparedaccordingtotherulesmentionedabove.Wishyougoodluck.

课文译文

在国外学习

许多语言学习者认为学习语言最好的方式就是去讲这种语言的国家里去学习一段时间。过去,对大多数人来说,去国外学习不过是一个遥远渺茫的梦想。但是,如今寻找出国的机会和方式都变得容易了。很多学校提供费用合理的不同学术水平的交流项目。这些项目有为初、高中生准备的,也有为大学生准备的,有些计划项目提供‘食宿’服务:去国外交流学生将与房东一家生活在一起。对于年龄较小的学生来说,这也许是最好的选择,因为这意味着学生不必担心食宿问题。与房东一家生活在一起也是学习他们国家文化的很不错的方式。大部分交流学生说他们感觉他们(自己)真正成了房东家庭的一员而且他们将一直保持着联系。

在国外的一年不仅仅是学一种语言的事。是的,一年后交流学生通常把要学的这门新语言掌握得很流利。但是大多数学生会告诉你,他们也学会许多比学习语言更重要的东西。成为一个交流学生有助于你和来自不同背景的人交朋友,近而了解另一种文化。一年的时间不足以让你去全部了解一个国家或一种文化,但它却足以开阔你的眼界,加深你对世界的了解。可能最有价值的便是你对你自己和自身文化的重新认识。呆在国内,你很少去停下来想一想你自己是一个什么样的人?你所拥有的文化真正是一种什么样的文化?作为一个交流学生,你不得不学着独立,别人也经常请你向他们介绍你的国家和文化。听起来似乎很奇怪,但是许多外访归来的学生说国外一年的生活,让他们第一次了解自己的国家和文化。

国外学习可能也有其缺点,他们在学到许多有用的东西同时,有些人也有可能学习成绩要落后。由于交流学生一开始总是要经历语言和文化障碍,他们将不能够被编入与国内同水平的班级上课。许多父母担心他们的孩子的安全问题,费用的高低也在考虑之列。

如果你在考虑出国学习一段时间的话,你应该先查找尽可能多的不同计划项目。你需要考虑费用及所停留的时间。交流学生协会可以提供你有用的信息。如果你从未去过国外或从没单独旅行过,最好先从短期的开始,比如一个暑期课程。当你收集了基本的信息后,第二步就是来比较不同的项目安排。找一个合适的课程是很重要的,因为你的决定将影响整个家庭,你的父母应起积极的作用,他们帮你一起寻找什么是最好的。你也需要与去过国外的学生联系,听听他们的经历。

学外语:两倍的努力?

学习一种语言显然不仅仅是记住单词、词组以及句子结构。我们学习母语的时候,并没有受过多少正规的指导,极少有父母会给孩子上语言课。通过与周围人的交往,我们学会了母语。在这个交往的过程中,我们是如何学会发音、单词、语法以及句子构成呢?而且最令人迷惑不解的是,我们是怎么学会理解话的意思以及分辨语言中出现的错误呢?

语言专家给了不同的答案,有些人认为我们有天生学习语言的能力而且我们的大脑适应母语语言文化。另一些人认为我们学习语言与学习其他事情一样,比如走路、解决问题,我们生来就具备这种学习与适应能力,而不是仅仅学习语言这一专有能力。尽管理论不同,但专家们都一致认为:生活是一所成功的语言学校。事实上,每个人到他5岁的时候,就学会了使用语言且已掌握了它最基本的用法。

学习外语与学习母语有所不同,通常是在学校里学习外语,很少有机会与讲这种语言的人交流。而且,学外语要比学母语快得多,这让你听起来似乎很难相信——想想所有你花在刻苦学习英语上的那些时间吧。但是一旦你仔细分析情况,就会意识到这的确是真的。学习母语时,只要清醒着,你就一直用母语交流。换句话说,一整天你都在学习这种语言!这样学了五年,想想那是多少日日夜夜。如果你花同样多的时间去学英语,你会取得巨大的进展,当我们学外语的时候,也获得了许多帮助:我们有教科书与老师的指导以及同学的帮助。因此,我们能学到更多的学习方法和技巧,那就意味着更具成效。

同样学外语,为什么有人会比别人学得好呢?研究表明,成功语言学习者有一些共同的特点。数据显示在多种调查项目中,成功语言学习者的共性是:了解自己的兴趣、对世界的好奇心、抢抓机遇以及对自身能力的自信。为了对付学习上的一系列挑战,成功语言学习者也使用了不同的学习方法和学习计划。

他们计划并评价学习,因此,他们获得自信并感到轻松且享受知识。有了更强的自控力和成就感积极的学习者能够更快地学会新技巧且更好地学以致用。结果,他们在理解力、词汇学习、写作及口语上做得更好,越从容越放松,学语言的进程就会愈出色。自信、有安全感的学生才会是佼佼者。他们更愿意去冒险,把自己放在新的学习情境中。否则,他们将不愿尝试新的体验,不愿犯错误。而只有新的尝试和不断纠错才有助于学习能力的提高。

学习的目的也是重要的,并不是所有的人都想当翻译。大部分人仅仅只是想学英语以供日常使用。有些人学语言,大概比其他人更有兴趣和能力,但这并不等于我们就无法提高。学习语言需要耐心,如果我们想成为一个成功的语言学习者,就应该全力借鉴上述的学习习惯及学习特点。一旦我们掌握了学习方法,可能就会发现比起学母语来,学外语不需要去付出两倍的努力。而事实上,是两倍的容易,两倍的快乐。

Unit8Learningaforeignlanguage(词汇)


Unit8Learningaforeignlanguage(词汇)

单词解释:
1.motive
n.(CN)动机目的motivatevt.作为┉的动机;激发motivationn.(UN)动机;积极性
I’msufferingfromalackofmotivation.Mynewjobisreallyboring.
我变得缺乏干劲,因为我的新工作极为沉闷。
2.memorise
(vt)记住,背熟memoriseapoem背熟一首诗
bear[have,keep]inmemory记着,没有忘记beyond[within]thememoryofman[men]在有史以前[来]bringback[call]tomemory使想起cometoonesmemory想起,清醒过来inmemoryof纪念...
memorialn.(=monument)纪念物;纪念碑;纪念仪式;历史记载adj.记忆的;纪念的;追悼的
memorialsofapastage一个昔日的历史记录
TheMonument(Memorial)tothePeople’sHeroes人民英雄纪念碑
3.dictation
(n)口述;听写[U]Thepupilswroteattheirteacher’sdictation.学生按照老师的口述写下来。
命令[U]Shewastiredofherhusband’sdictation.她对丈夫的发号施令感到厌烦。
4.correction
(n.)订正,修改;校正[U][C]LookcarefullyatthecorrectionswhichIhavewritteninyouressay.请仔细看一下我对你文章修改过的地方。
惩治,惩罚[U];教养[PL]Theprisonerwassenttoalabourcampforcorrection.囚犯被送往劳工营改过自新。
5.stick
n.枯枝,棍,手杖awalkingstick一根拐杖条状物:astickofchalk一支粉笔
v.(stuck,stuck,sticking)
①(常与in,into,through连用)(把尖物)插入,刺入,戳入
tostickaforkintoapotato用叉子叉上马铃薯 Istuckaneedleintothecloth.我把一根针扎进布里。
②(与in,into,on连用)粘住;贴住Istuckastampontheletter.我把一张邮票贴在信上。
③附着;固着Thewheelsofthecarstuckinthemudandwecouldnotgoon.车轮陷入泥里,我们不能前进了。
④放,置 Stickthechairinthecorner.将椅子置于墙角。
⑤(与at连用)继续努力做Ifyouwanttoplayaninstrumentwell,you’vegottostickatit.
如果你想练好一种乐器,你必须持之以恒。
此外还有:
伸出,突出stickoutone’sarm伸出手臂stickoutabovethewater突出水面
使停止,阻塞bestuckin/by…被困…容忍,忍受Ican’tstickitanymore.我再也忍受不了了。
坚持,坚守sticktosticktoapost坚守岗位sticktoone’sword遵守诺言
6.acquire
vt.学到(知识等);获得acquisitionn.(CN)获得或购得之物;(UN)获得
①SheacquiredanAmericanaccentwhilelivinginNewYork.她住在纽约时学会了一口美国音。
7.instruct
vt.1.)指示,命令,吩咐=order
Heinstructedmetodeliverittoacustomer.他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。
Thejudgeinstructedthewitnessthatheshouldtellthewholetruth.法官命令见证人讲实话。2.)教授;训练;指导[(+in)]=teachMyjobistoinstructherinEnglish.我的工作是教她英语。3.)通知,告知
Myagenthasinstructedmethatyoustilloweme0.我的代理人告诉我你还欠我一百五十美元。
instructsbinsth教导某人某事instructsbtodosth命令某人干某事followtheinstructions遵从指示
instructionn.用法说明,指示,命令,(计算机)指令adj.aninstructionbook说明书
instructionaladj.教学的,教育的~materials教材
instructiveadj.富有教益的,增长知识的instructorn.教练,导师
receive/followtheinstruction(s)接受指导givesbinstructionstodo命令/吩咐某人做。
9.anxious
adj.1.)焦虑的,挂念的[(+about/at/for)]Imanxiousabouthersafety.我对她的安全担心。Hewasanxiousforthesafetyofhisfamily.他担心家人的安全。2.)令人焦虑的Theweekofthefloodwasananxioustimeforallofus.闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。3.)渴望的[(+for)][+to-v][+that]Wereanxiousforyoursafereturn.我们盼望你平安归来。Wewereanxiousthattherebenomisunderstanding.我们极愿没有误解。IcouldseethatshewasanxiousforLauratogo.我看得出她巴望劳拉去。Imreallyanxioustoseehim.我急于见他。
10.secure
adj.1.)安全的,无危险的[(+from/against)]Nowmyhouseissecureagainstburglary.现在我的房子无被盗窃之危险。2.)安心的,无忧虑的Youhavemademefeelsecure.你使我觉得放心。3.)有把握的,确定无疑的Oursuccessissecure.我们的成功是有把握的。
11.academic
adj.学院的,理论的;学术的
Eg:academicyear学年academicrank学衔academicdegree学位
n.(C)大学教师,大学生;学会会员;学究式人物
academyn.(C)-mies学会theRoyalAcademy皇家学会;学院;高等专科学校
anacademyofmusic音乐学院
universityn(C)(综合)大学OxfordUniversity牛津大学
collegen(C)(综合大学中的)学院,独立的)学院,高等专科学校
acollegeofagriculture农学院eveningcollege夜大学
instituten(C)学院;(大专)学校;
12..adopt
(vt.)Adopted(adj)adoption(n.)1.)采取;采纳;吸收adoptanewtechnique/method/ideaAftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.
总经理再三考虑之后,决定采纳她的建议。
Circumstanceswillforceusfinallytoadoptthispolicy.情况最终会迫使我们采用这项政策。
2.)过继,收养[(+as)]Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。
3.)正式通过,接受Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。
adoptedadj.收养的,移居的theiradoptedson他们的养子
adoptionn.收养,领养;采用;推选
putsb.upforadoption提出让人收养某人theadoptionofnewtechnology新技术的采用
adoptiveadj.收养的,有收养关系的
13.operation
n操作;手术;运转
beinoperation在运转中;在行动中;在实施中;在生效中
comeintooperation开始工作[运转];生效 gointooperation开始工作[运转];生效
performanoperationonsb.foradisease因某种病给某人动手术
14.Broaden
vi变宽,变阔;扩大One’sviewsbroadenatcollege.一个人的见解在大学时代变得开阔起来。
Vt使宽,使阔;使扩大Thisnarrowhighwayshouldbebroadened.这条狭窄的公路应该加宽。
15.broaden
vi./vt.=(tocauseto)becomebroadorbroader使扩大,使宽阔
=toincreaseyourknowledge,experience,etc增长(知识、经验等)
eg.broadenone’shorizons打开眼界,拓宽视野
Travelbroadensthemind.旅行使人开阔心胸(眼界)。
Theriverbroadens(out)atthispoint.这条河到这里开始变宽。
Hersmilebroadened.她笑得更加灿烂了。
“adj./n.+en→v.”使变得…
类似词语:deepen,thicken,sweeten,straighten,quicken,brighten,darken,soften,harden,widen,shorten,sharpen,lengthen,strengthen
16.appropriate
adj.=correctorsuitable适当的,合适的常和for,to连用。
Vt.=tosetasideforsomepurpose拨出(款项),盗用,挪用
eg.Hemadeaspeechappropriatetotheoccasion.她作了个适宜该场合的演讲。
Jeansarenotappropriateforaformalparty.正式聚会上穿牛仔裤是不合适的。
Nowthattheproblemhasbeenidentified,appropriateactioncanbetaken.
现在既已找出问题的症结,即可采取适当的行动。
inappropriateopp.不适合的appropriatenessn.appropriatelyadv.

词组短语:
1.comeacross偶然遇见
2.morethan不止是,远超过
3.mostpuzzlingofall最令人疑惑的是…
4.makesenseof弄懂…的意思make/sense/nosense
inasense=inaway在某种意义上thesixthsense
asenseof………感,……觉
asenseofhumo(u)r幽默感asenseofduty/responsibility责任感
asenseofharmony和谐感asenseofjustice正义感
asenseofwellbeing幸福感asenseoftouch触觉
asenseofhearing听觉asenseofsight视觉
asenseofsmell嗅觉asenseoftaste味觉
asenseofbeauty审美感asenseofhunger饥饿感
asenseoftime时间观asenseofachievement成就感
5.distinguishfrom与…辨别
6.makeprogress前进;进步
progressn.前进,进行,进展,进步,上进;发展;改进;发育,进化
egThebuildingofthehouseisinprogress.房子在建造中。
vi.前进,进行,进步;进展;发达,发展
egTheworkisprogressingsteadily.工作正在扎实地进行。
相关短语:inprogress在进行中,在举行makeprogressin在...方面取得进步[进展]
makeprogresstowards朝着...(目标)前进makeprogresswith把...向前推进;在...(方面)取得进展,进行
7.equipwith备有…,以…装备
1)equipvt.=toprovideoneself,oranotherwithwhatisnecessaryfordoingsth./tomakeable/fit/prepared“装备,配备”常与with或for连用。
eg.Thereading-roomisnotequippedwithair-conditioning.阅览室里没有装空调。
Youreducationwillequipyouforyourfuturelife.你所受到的教育将使你具备未来生活的能力。
注:equip宾语必须是被装备的对象而非装备物。
equipmentn.U装备,设备,设备,器材n.[C]可表示各种设备
注:一件设备apieceofequipment两件设备twopiecesofequipment
equipment偶尔有复数形式,但不可说two/several/someequipments。
类似短语:befurnishedwithbesuppliedwithbeprovidedwithbefittedwithbeburdenedwithbeloadedwithbecrowded/packedwithbecoveredwithbefilledwith
8.adjustoneselfto使自己适应…
adjuststhadjuststhtoadjust(oneself/itself)tobeadjusted
同义词:adaptoneselfto使自己适应……adaptsth.foraparticularuse使某物适合某一特殊用途
9.regardlessof不顾;不管10.takeplace发生11.asaconsequence结果
12.inotherwords换句话说,换言之
ina/oneword总而言之;总共=inall/intotalinwordandindeed在言语上和行动上
wordforword=wordbyword逐字地haveawordwithsb.havewordswithsb.
13.anawfullotof非常多,极多14.inafewyears’time在几年之后15.intheprogress在过程中
16.havesomethingincommon有一些共同点17.takechances冒险一试,碰运气18.dealwith处理
19.putsomethingtouse使用、利用
put…togooduse=makegood/fulluse充分使用/有效利用
类似短语:comeintouse开始使用make(good/full)useof好好/充分利用
havenousefor不需要,用不着inuse在使用中
gooutofuse停止使用fortheuseof为……专用
It’snousedoing…/There’snousedoing…没用处,无益处
be(of)(no)useto…对某人(没)有用usesthup用完
useyourhead/loaf(BrE.)你动动脑子,你仔细想想
beusedtodosth.be/get/becomeusedton./doingsthbeusedforn./doingsth.beusedas…
20.takerisk/arisk冒险20.contributeto有益、有助于221.experimentwith进行实验
23.aseriesof一系列24.pilesof一大堆、一大团25.putanendto结束
26.knockdown撞倒;pulldown/teardownknockintosb.撞上;runinto/comeacross
knock…outof…从..中敲出来;knockagainst撞到…上;
knockat/on敲…knockover打倒;打翻knockabout漫游,漂泊,闲逛
27.allofasudden突然间28.stayintouch保持联络
29.fallbehind落后falldown跌倒;失败fallback后退,撤退falloff(从。。)掉下
fallover跌倒fallinto陷入
30.beconcernedabout/forsth/sb=beworriedaboutsth/sb担忧
beconcernedwithsth/sb.关心;和..有关;对。。感兴趣beconcernedinsth.参与。。,从事
31.takeanactivepart(in)积极参与32.broadenone’shorizon开阔眼界
33.dependon依靠、依赖34.beinvolvedin参与
35.makewayfor给…让路36.dueto由于、归功于
37.inaccordancewith依照、根据38.fillup填满、塞满
39.makechangestosth.对…作出改变

Unit8Learningaforeignlanguage,twiceashard?


Unit8Learningaforeignlanguage,twiceashard?

Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
acquisition,correction,data,patience,stick,acquire,instruct,adopt,face,awful,academic,anxious,appropriate,makesenseof,distinguish…from,beequippedwith,adjustitselfto,bebornwith,regardlessof,consider…put…touse,takerisks/arisk,contributeto,takepatience
b.重点句型
Learningalanguageisobviouslymorethanjustmemorizingwords,phrasesandstructures.
Ifwedevelopourstudyskills,…butcaninfactbetwiceaseasyandalotoffun.
2.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
HelptheSslearnhowtotalkaboutthedifferentmethodsoflearningaforeignlanguageandthecharacteristicsofthesuccessfullanguagelearners.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
Analysetheorganizationofthetext.
Theunderstandingofthereadingtextabouttheproblemsandfactorsrelatedtolearningaforeignlanguage.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Listeningandintensivereadingwiththeaidofthecomputercourseware.
Teachingaids教具
Acomputer,aprojectorandInternet.
Teachingprocedureways教学过程与方法
Step1:Lead-in
1.What’sourmothertongue?
2.What’sourforeignlanguage?
3.Whichdoyouthinkisharder?
Step2:Skimming
1.IfwedevelopourstudyskillsandwayofLearning,islearningforeignlanguagetwiceashardoraseasy?
Twiceaseasy.
2.Findoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.
Mainidea
Para.1Learningalanguageisobviouslymorethanjustmemorizingwords,phrasesandstructures.Itispuzzlinghowweareabletolearnoracquireourmothertongue.
Para.2Languageexpertshavedifferentanswerstothequestion.
Para.3Learningaforeignlanguageisdifferentfromlearningone’smothertongue
Para.4Successfullanguagelearnersshareanumberofcharacteristics
Para.5Byplanningandevaluatingtheirlearning,successfullanguagelearnersgainconfidencewhichinturnallowsthemtoenjoythelearningprocessandlearnbetterandfaster.
Para.6Ifweadoptsomeofthestudyskillsandcharacteristicsdescribedinthetext,wewillbecomemoresuccessful.

3、What’sthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?
A.Learningaforeignlanguageistwiceashardaslearningourmothertongue.
B.Learningaforeignlanguageismoreimportantthanlearningourmothertongue.
C.Learningaforeignlanguageistwiceaseasyifwedevelopourstudyskills.
D.Infact,thenumberofpeoplelearningaforeignlanguagehasincreasedwithyears.
4、Matchthepartwiththemainidea.
Part1(Para1~2)differences
Part2(Para3)successfullanguagelearners
Part3(Para4~6)learningofthemothertongue
Step3:Scanning
Part1.
1.Answerthequestionsordomultiplechoice.
①Whatisthemostpuzzlingquestioninlearningourmothertongue?
Howwereweabletomakesenseofwhatweheardanddistinguishthemistakesanderrorsfrom"good"language?
②Howdodifferentpeopleexplainourabilitytolearnourmothertongue?
Someexpertsexplainthatweareequippedwithaspecialabilitytolearnlanguageandourbrainadjustsitselftothelanguage,Othersthinkthatwelearnlanguageinthesamewaywelearnotherthingsandthatwhatwearebornwithisageneralabilitytolearnandadapt,notalanguage–specificpartofthebrain.
③Thesentence“Lifeisaverysuccessfullanguageschool”means.
A.weareequippedwithaspecialabilitytolearnlanguage
B.thekeytolearningthelanguagewellistocommunicatewiththepeoplearoundus
C.parentscangivechildrenlanguagelessons
D.peoplecanlearnthelanguagebythemselves
Languagepoints:
1.makesenseof理解makesense有意义
makenosenseinasense在某种意义上
Canyou__makesenseof___whatIsaid?
Talkingaftertheaccident__makesnosense___.
whathesaidisreasonable__inasense_.
2.adjust调整adjust/adapt…to适应
1)Youshouldn’tadjustyourcomputerwithoutanyinstruction.
2)Headjustedhiserrorsandcontinuedhisresearchwork.
3)Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmustadapt/adjustyourselftonew circumstances
3.regardlessof:不管,不顾
Thecoalbossriskedmakingmoneyregardlessofworkers’safety.
Theydecoratedthehouseregardlessofcost.
Part2.
Infact,welearnEnglishmuchfasterthanwemayhavethoughtbecause________.
A.Alotofpeoplearebornwithaspecialabilitytolearnaforeignlanguage.
B.Englishlearningalwaystakesplaceinclass.
C.Communicatingwithpeopleoftentakestoomuchtime.
D.Wecangetalotofhelpandthelearningismoreefficient.
Languagepoints:
1.inotherwords 换句话说
inaword总而言之
inword口头上
withthewords 说完就......
haveawordwithsb.和某人说句话
havewordswithsb=quarrelwithsb与…争吵
keepone’sword=keepone’spromise遵守诺言
Wordcamethat…有消息传来……
1)Withthewords,hewalkedawaywithasmile.
2)It’snousepromisinginword,butindeed.
3)Inaword,youareaverygoodboy.
4)Sheoftendependsonothers.Inotherwords
shedoesn’tdothingsbyherself.
5)Ihopeyouwillalwayskeepyourword
6)HaveawordwithRoseandseewhatshethinks.
7)Wordcamethatourteamhadcomeoutfirst.
8)Afterhavingwordswiththeboss,hedecidedtoquitthejob.
Part3:
1.Ifyouwanttobeasuccessfullanguagelearner,whatcharacteristicsmustyouhave?
interestedinunderstandingmyownthinking;
curiousabouttheworld;
willingtotakechances;
confidentinmyability;
usedifferentwaysoflearning;
planmystudiesinordertodealwithacademicchallenges.
2.tick(√)someofthefollowingpointsthatthewritethinksareimportant.
()1.setacleargoalinlearning
()2.evaluateourlearning
()3.makeproperstudyplans
()4.havegoodpronunciationandintonation
()5.haveinterestinlearning
()6.understandEnglishgrammar
()7.memorizenewwords
()8.beactiveandpatient
()9.adoptsomegoodstudyhabits
()10.takerisksandputourselvesinnewlearningsituations
()11.putwhatweknowtobetteruse.
Languagepoints:
1.put…touse:makeuseof/put...intopractice
1)Youshouldputwhatyouhavetobetteruse.=Youshouldmakebetteruseofwhatyouhave.
2)SheputherknowledgeofGermantogooduse
2.take/run/risks冒险
atanyrisk无论如何,无论冒什么危险
atrisk=indanger处于危险中
attheriskof...冒着…的危险
1)他冒着生命的危险救了我一命。
Hesavedmylifeattheriskofhisown/losinghisown.
Hetookrisksofhisown/losinghisownlifetosaveme.
2)疾病在蔓延,所有五岁以下的小孩都有危险。
Thediseaseisspreading,andallchildrenunder5areatrisk.
3.adoptvt.
(1)收养
这对夫妇不能生育孩子,所以就收养了两个小孩。
Thecouplecouldn’thavechildrenoftheirownsotheyadoptedacoupleofkids.
(2)采取,采纳情况最终会迫使我们采用这项政策。
Circumstanceswillforceusfinallytoadoptthispolicy.
Theadoptedsoncan’tadapt/adjusthimselftothenewfamily
Step4:Consolidation
.词组
1.makeprogress前进;进步
2.makesenseof弄懂…的意思
3.inotherwords换句话说;换言之
4.takerisks/arisk冒险
beatrisk=indanger
attheriskof冒着……的危险
riskdoing冒险做某事
5.experimentwith进行试验;进行实验
6.pilesof一大堆;一大批;一大团
7.knocksb/sthdown撞倒
knock…into…把---敲入
knockin敲入
knockat/onthedoor敲门
knockover打翻
knock…outof把---敲出来
knockoff敲落
8.thatistosay也就是说
9.fallbehind落后
fallsick/ill
falldown跌倒
fallover摔交
fallinto陷入;跌入
falloff掉下
fallinlovewithsb.
fallback后退;退让
fallasleep10.bedifferentfrom与…不同
11.communicatewith与…联系;与…交流
12.distinguish…from…把与区别开来
13.adjustto调整;调节;使适合;使便于使用
14.intheprocess在进行;经过;在…过程中
15.incommon(团体)共同的;公有的16.makemistakes犯错误
17.makefriendswith与…交朋友
18.take(anactive)partin(积极)参加
19.takepatienceto有耐心去做….
20.comeacross偶然遇见
21.regardlessof…不顾/不管/不关心…
22.allofasudden=suddenly
23.broadenone’shorizons拓宽了视野
23.beconcernedabout
24.beanxiousabout/beanxioustodo
beeagerfor/beeagertodo
becuriousabout
28.morethan+数词=over
morethan+n.=only
morethan+v.=very,深为
morethancan/could=not
morethan+adj./adv.=very非常
morethanone=manya不止一个
29.getstuck/burnt/hurt/dressed/separated/
washed/changed/lost/married/drunk
句型以及部分知识点讲解
.p66.(Zhaoli)LearningEnglishisfun.
fun[U.]n.------区别funnyadj.Mayyouhavegreatfun.
Seeingmonkeysinthezooisofgreatfun./Whatfunitistohaveagameafterwork.
infun=forfun娱乐,消遣Hecouldn’tsaysuchaseriousthingforfun.
Lookatthefunnypersonwithastrangehaton.(滑稽可笑)
.Insteadwelearntoracquiredourmothertonguebycommunicatingwith…(p66.para1)
1)acquire.“取得,获得”指通过漫长的过程逐步获得或学到。SheacquiredaknowledgeofFrench.
Hehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofhistoryinthesefewyears.
.Somebelievethatweareequippedwithaspecialabilitytolearnlanguageandthatourbrainadjustsitselftothelanguage…(p67.para1)
(1)adjust(oneself)tovt.使自己适应。Shesoonadjusted(herself)tohiswayoflife.
Wewillhavetoadjustourselvestonewconditions.
(2)adjust+名+(tosth)(为配合而)调整;调节…,校正…Willyoupleaseadjusttheclock?It’sslow.
Youcanadjustthisdesktotheheightofanychild.
(3)beequippedwith.本身具有(学问、能力之类。)Thechildrenareequippedwithsomespecialskills.
andthatwhatwearebornwithisageneralabilitytolearnandadapt,notalanguagespecific…(p67.para1)
(1)adapt(oneself)to=adjustoneselfto适应……Heisquicktoadept(himself)tonewcircumstance.
(2)adapt+sth.+(tosth).Hecouldnotadapthiswayoflifetothecompany.
(3)改编,改写;修改(为……用)Itishardtoadaptthisstoryforchildren.要将这小说改编为适合小孩子很困难。
Weshouldtrytoadoptsomeofthestudyhabitsandcharacteristicsdescribedabove.…(p67.lastpa.
adopt:(1)采用;采取(计划、方法、措施等);采纳(议案、意见等);吸取,采用(外国语词)。
Ourschoolhasadoptedanewteachingmethod.
We’dliketoadoptyouridea.
(2)收养(某人)Theyarenotmyrealparents,Iamadopted./(adoptedson/daughter养子/养女)
Regardlessoftheirtheories,…(p67.para1)
Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofotherpeople’sfeeling.他想到什么就说什么,毫不考虑别人的感受。
Thecoalbossriskedmakingmoneyregardlessofworkers’safety.
Thelessanxiousandmorerelaxedthelearner,thebettertheirlanguageacquisition.…(p67.para4)
The+比较级……,the+比较级……,越…...就越……Theeasierthetextis,thehappiertheywillbe.
Themorenovelsyouread,themoreyouwanttoread./Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.
.Wemayfindthatlearningaforeignlanguagedoesnothavetobetwiceashardaslearningourmothertongue.…(p67.lastpara.)
Butitisenoughtobroadenyourhorizonsandimproveyourunderstanding.…(p71.para2)
Manyparentsworryaboutthesafetyoftheirchildrenandmayalsobeconcernedaboutthecost.
1)concernoneselfabout/forsth.某人(为……)担心
sbbeconcernedabout/forsth.某人(为……)担心.Sheisconcernedaboutherson’sfuture.
2)concern+oneself+with/in使(某人)与……有关系;使关涉;使参与
Sbbeconcernedinsth.某人与……有关:某人参与……
Sheconcernsherselfwith/insocialwelfare./Heisconcernedinthenewproject.
3)as(so)faras…beconcerned就……而言。AsfarasIamconcerned,Icannotobjecttoyourmarriage.
4).concerningprep.关于HelikestorefertosomethingconcerningChinesehistory.
(5)concernedadj.“关心的,关切的,忧愁的”,aconcernedexpression忧愁的表情
“有关的”,放在被修饰词之后theauthoritiesconcerned有关当局
Step5Homework
1.WordstudyExx12inlanguageStudyonpage6869.
2.VocabularyExx12intheWbonpage203204.