高二英语warandpeace教案。

作为优秀的教学工作者，在教学时能够胸有成竹，作为高中教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以让学生能够在课堂积极的参与互动，帮助高中教师缓解教学的压力，提高教学质量。那么怎么才能写出优秀的高中教案呢？为满足您的需求，小编特地编辑了“高二英语warandpeace教案”，希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

定语从句重、难点易错档案

一、语意重复。定语从句的引导词在从句中都要充当一定的成分，所以从句里相应的句子成分不能再保留，否则就犯了语意重复的错误。如：
Themaintopicpeopleareoftentalkingaboutatpresentispersonalcars.
Themaintopic是先行词，关系代词that或which在从句中作宾语，被省略了，所以做宾语的替代词it不能再出现了。
二、分裂现象。如无特殊原因，定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后。如：
Everythingthathasweightandoccupiesspaceiscalledmatter.
初学者很容易将此意表达成：Everythingiscalledmatterthathasweightandoccupiesspace.这就是人为地造成的分裂现象。但是有时定语从句和先行词之间需要插入定语、状语或谓语时则另当别论。如：
ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcannotunderstand.先行词与定语从句之间被inhiseyes隔开了。
三、主、谓不一致。当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词应该和先行词的数与格保持一致，否则就是犯了主、谓不一致的错误。如：
Godblessthisshipandallthatsailinher.(Bible)
本例先行词all指的是“所有的人”，所以定语从句的谓语不能用sails。
四、关系代词that、who直接置于介词后。关系代词前有介词时，关系代词必须用which（指物）或whom(指人)，而且不能省略。如果把介词放到句子的后部去，这时关系代词可用that或who,也可以把它们省略。如：
Thecostatwhichweproducethecarshasbeengreatlyreduced.
由于关系代词直接置于介词at之后，所以只能用which，而且不能省略。
五、关系代词作定语时的误用。不管先行词是指人还是物，关系代词在从句中作定语时，都必须用whose；但指物时，还可以用“the+名词+ofwhich”或“whichofits+名词”的形式表示。如：
Thisisanewdigitalcontrolmachinetoolwhosefunctionsareveryadvanced.
本例中的whosefunctions还可以用whichofitsfunctions或者thefunctionsofwhich替换。
六、关系代词that的误用。先行词是以下某种情形时，必须用that引导定语从句：（1）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰；（2）被every,only,any,just,right,no等词修饰；（3）是all,few,little,much,none,some以及anything,everything,nothing（something不受此限制）等不定代词；（4）同时为人和物；（5）为疑问代词时。如:
EverythingthatappearsontheInternetisveryappealing.
初学者由于记得不牢，此时常常误用which引导。
七、非限制性定语从句误用that作引导词。引导非限制性定语从句时，不能用that，必须用which。此外可以引导非限制性定语从句的还有who，whom，where，when，as等关系代词或关系副词,而且不能省略。如：
TheItalianteamdefeatedtheGermanteam,whichsomepeoplehadexpected.
此时还可以将which换成as，意思是“正如有的人已经预料到的一样”。
八、as和which的误用。非限制性从句前置于句首时，不能用which，而要用as来引导。如：
Asiswellknowntousall,lifecan’texistwithoutairorwater.
但是如果从句后置，则两者皆可以，只是意思略有区别（as译作“正如”，which译作“这一点”等）。如果定语从句是否定形式或从句谓语带有复合宾语时，则只能用which引导。如：
TheBrazilianteamwasdefeatedbytheFrenchteam,whichwehadn’texpected.
九、thesame...that和thesame...as的误用。注意两者的区别：thesame...that指“同一人（物）”；而thesame...as指“同一类人（物）”。如：
ThepeopleinmanyotherAsiancountrieshavethesamecustomasweChinesehave.
根据例句的含义，可知这里只能用关系代词as，不能用that，因为表达的意思是“相似”。
十、关系副词与关系代词的误用。如果引导词在从句中作状语应用关系副词引导；如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时应用关系代词引导。如：
Hawaiiisabeautifulplace(which/that)allthepeoplelookforwardtovisiting.
定语从句中的visiting是一个及物动词，必须带宾语，所以不能用where作引导词，而应用which或that引导，且可以省略。如果将visiting改成going，则应该用where引导。

走出时间、条件、让步状语从句八大误区

误区之一：混淆while与when
Shewasonthepointofleavingwhilesomeoneknockedatthedoor.
Shewasonthepointofleavingwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.
while意为“当……时候”，从句需用持续性动词或状态性动词；而when引导时间状语从句中的动词既可以是持续性动词也可是非持续性动词。
误区之二：错用till/until
Until/Tillyesterdayevening,Ireceivedher
e-mailfromShanghai.
Ididn’treceivehere-mailfromShanghaiuntilyesterdayevening.
当until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句谓语动词必须是持续性动词，而不可是非持续性动词。
误区之三：省略不当
WhilewaswalkingdownthestreetInoticedapolicecarinfrontofnumber88.
WhilewalkingdownthestreetInoticedapolicecarinfrontofnumber88.
时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或是it，且从句中含有动词be的某种形式，从句主语和be可以同时省略。
误区之四：倒装语序误用
Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturymandidknowwhatheatis.
Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.
Notuntil位于句首时，主句谓语采用倒装语序。
误区之五：从句时态错用
Iwon’tknowwheresheisuntilIwillgetaletterfromher.
Iwon’tknowwheresheisuntilIgetaletterfromher.
在时间或条件等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来时。
误区之六：错用however
Howeverheislate,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
Howeverlateheis,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
however需和它修饰的词一起放在从句前引导状语从句。
误区之七：混用though与although
Muchalthoughhelikesher,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.
Muchthoughhelikesher,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.
though与although通常可以互用，但只有though可用于倒装句中。且though可和even连用，表示强调。此外，though可放在句末，意为“然而”，although则不能这样用。
误区之八：混淆疑问词+ever与nomatter+疑问词
Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildnomatterwhatheorshewants.
Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.
“nomatter+疑问词”在句中只能引导状语从句；“疑问词+ever”在句中既可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。

考点精练考例回顾
1.Thequestionis:whatcanwedotohelpthemintheirstruggleforsurvival?
struggle可以用作动词,常与介词for,with,against等连用；也可以用作名词，表示“挣扎；拼搏；努力；斗争等”。
Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen’talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictories,butinthe________weovercome.(2004天津卷)
A.sadnessB.struggles
C.diseasesD.tiredness
根据上下文，这句话的含义应该为：我意识到力量和勇气并不总是用奖牌和胜利来衡量的，而是用我们战胜/克服（对手、困难或自我）过程中所付出的拼搏/努力来衡量的。因此选择B。
2.ThereareonlyaboutthreehundredoftheseNorthAmericanmammalsleft,noneofwhichareinthewild.
这里“表示数量或部分的名词或代词+ofwhich/whom”引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词指事物用ofwhich，先行词指人用ofwhom，说明先行词的一部分情况。表示数量或部分的名词或代词（如基数词，分数，百分数,all,both,some,any,many,much,most,majority,minority,part,rest,none等）,既可以放在ofwhich/whom的前面，也可以放在ofwhich/whom的后面。
Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%________aresoldabroad.(2004辽宁卷)
A.ofwhichB.whichof
C.ofthemD.ofthat
分析句子结构，前后两句话用逗号隔开，应该为主从句关系，由此判断后面是一个非限定性定语从句，由于关系代词前面有介词，因此只能选A项，80%ofwhicharesoldabroad修饰先行词halfamillionpairsofshoes,说明其部分情况。
3.TheWWFbelievesthatourworldhasafutureonlyifpeoplelearntoconservenatureandnotwasteenergy.Asaresult,itstartedworkingwithgovernmentstointroduceenvironmentaleducationintoschool.
句子中Asaresult表示“因此，结果”，相当于副词Therefore或Thus的含义和作用；还可以用于介词短语asaresultof...中表示“由于……的结果”。
Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.________,atthepointinourgamewhenIpredictedthescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,
itwasinstead7to9—andEdwasleading.(2003全国卷完形填空)
A.AfterallB.Asaresult
C.AboveallD.Atlast
此题考查的是各短语用法比较：afterall说明让步关系，表示“毕竟，终究”；asaresult说明因果关系，表示“因此，因而”；aboveall说明突出某方面的重要性，表示“最重要的是”；atlast说明时间，表示“最后，最终”。根据句意可知选B。

扩展阅读

Module6WarandPeace

Module6WarandPeace
I．教学内容分析
本模块以“warandPeace”为话题。内容涉及二战中的诺曼底登陆、德国闪电战等背景知识，引导学生学会对战争类影片进行评论，认识到联合国维和部队等重要国际组织在维护世界和平上所起的作用。学生通过本模块学习，可以深刻了解战争的残酷性，认识和平的重要性。
Introduction列举了几位名人对于“战争与和平”的见解，让学生对其进行讨论，从而形成关于“战争与和平”的正确观点。然后通过历史知识问答的形式引导学生进入下一步的学习环节。
Vocabularyan~：Reading部分由对诺曼底登陆战役的局部描述和诺曼底登陆60周年纪念的报道组成，通过完成相关练习训练学生的阅读技巧，并使学生充分认识到诺曼底登陆战役对于欧洲反法西斯战争的重要作用。
Grammar通过回答问题的形式来继续学习虚拟语气。
Listening部分让学生首先阅读一篇有关“德国闪电战”的文章，获得相关背景知识，然后听一段亲历“闪电战”人士的采访录音，完成相关练习，培养学生获取听力信息的能力。
Function部分让学生学会描述过去的事情，并通过拓展性练习来进行巩固。
ReadingandWriting部分首先要求学生阅读一篇15岁外国少年写的关于《拯救大兵瑞恩》的影评并回答相关问题；然后通过分析影评的构成要素，让学生学写一篇类似题材的影评。
Speaking部分让学生以小组活动的形式，来讨论三种有关战争题材电影的观点，使学生对此类题材的电影有正确认识。
EverydayEnglish要求学生学习5个出现在听力材料中的重要表达，明确它们的具体意思。
CulturalCorner通过阅读有关联合国维和部队的文章，使学生明白其成立的目的，以及在维护世界和平中发挥的作用。
Task要求学生就战争的成因发表看法，探讨国际间维护和平的途径；在讨论的基础上写一篇有关战争形成原因或如何维护世界和平的文章。
ModuleFile归纳了本模块的词汇、语法、句型和日常用语，帮助学生归纳总结，提高其自我检验和自学的能力。
II．教学重点和难点
1．教学重点
(1)本模块的生词和短语。
(2)学习虚拟条件句的用法。
(3)学习如何描述过去发生的事情。
(4)写关于战争题材电影的影评。
2．教学难点
(1)谈论诺曼底登陆战役的重要意义。
(2)让学生表达自己对战争的看法。
(3)熟练完成本模块所要求的电影影评写作和其他书面练习。
(4)思考战争给人类带来的影响。
III．教学计划
本模块分六个课时：
第一、二课时：Introduction，VocabularyandReading
第i课时：Listening，EverydayEnglish，Function
第四课时：Grammar
第五课时：CulturalComer，ReadingandWriting
第六课时：Workbook，Task，ModuleFile
IV．教学步骤：
Periods1-2Introduction．VocabularyandReading
TeachingGoals：
1．ToarouseSs’interestinlearningaboutwarandpeace．
2．TodevelopSs’readingskills．
3．TohelpSstotalkabouttheD—DaylandingsoftheSecondWorldWar．
TeachingProcedures：
Step1．Introduction
Purpose：ToenableSstoknowsomequotationsaboutwarandpeaceandsomethingaboutSecondWorldWar．
1．Leading-in
(1)AskSsthefollowingquestions：
Q1．DoyourememberthewarbetweenAmericaandIraq?Canyousaysomethingaboutit?
Q2．Whatdoyouthinkthewarwillbring?What’Syourfeelingaboutthewar?
SuggestedAnswers：
Variousanswersareacceptable．(TeachercanintroducetwowordsforSstoexpresstheirfeelings．Theyare“horror”and“terrible”．1
(2)LetSssaywhichonetheyprefer，Warorpeaceandexplainwhy．
Foryourreference：
①I’nlagainstwar，becausewarwillkillpeople．
②I’mforWar，becausewecansellweaponsandgetmorelands．
2．Practice
(1)ReadthequotationsaboutWarandpeaceandfinishActivity1onP51．
Suggestedanswers：．
①Theywilltakerevengeonanyonethatdoesharmtothemonpurpose．
②Nomatterhowgoodthewaris，therearemanypeoplewhowilldieinthewar．Warisalwaysbringingpeoplemiseryandpoverty．
③right：(b)；left：(b)
，④Notprepareforwar，andtrytheirbesttosetupfriendlyrelationshipwithothercountries，ere．
⑤a
(2)AskSstodiscussthequotationsinActivity1onP51andsaywhichonetheythinkisthemosteffective．
SuggestedAnswer：
Ithinkthesecondoneisthemosteffective．Ittellspeoplethatwarisn’ttheonlywaytosolveproblemsanditcanbringpeoplegreatdisasters．Itshowspeopletheimportanceofkeepingtheworldpeaceful．
3．Pairwork
AskSssomequestionsabouttheSecondWorldWarinordertoletthemknowsomethingaboutitanddosomepreparationforthereadingpassage．
(1)HowmanyWorldWarshavetherebeenuntilnow?
(2)WhendidWorldWarIhappenandhowlonghaditlasted?
(3)WhendidWorldWarIItakeplaceandwhendiditend?
(4)WhenWorldWarIIbegan,whichcountrieswereinvolved?
(5)TheWarbeganwhenacountrywasinvaded．Doyouknowwhichcountry?
SuggestedAnswers：
(1)Two．
(2)Ithappenedin1914，andlastedfiveyears．
(3)Ithappenedin1939．andendedin1945．
(4)BritainandGermany．
(5)Poland．
Step2．VocabularyandReading
Purpose：
●TohelpSstolearnsomethingabouttheD—DayLandings．
●Toenablethemtoimprovetheirreadingskills．
1．Leading-in
(1)LetSslookatthetwopicturesonP52andanswerthequestionsinActivitv1．
Suggestedanswers：
①Soldiers．
②ApproachingtheFrenchcoast．
③TheyaregoingtofightacrosstheEnglishchannel．
(2)LetSsfinishActivity2onP52tostudysomeHewwords．
Suggestedanswers：
①attempted②dangerous③killed④abandoning
2．While-reading
(1)AskSstoskimthepassageandfinishActivity4onP52．
SuggestedAnswers：
①b②b③a
(2)AskSstodecidethefollowingsentencestrue(T)orfalse(F)．
①OperationOverlordwasamihtaryoperationin1944toinvadeGermany．
②ThesoldiersofBritainattemptedtolandatthemostdangerousplace．knownasOmahaBeach．
③TwentymenofAbleCompanyreachedthebeachwhereGermansoldierswereandwerekilled．
④ThepoemcalledFortheFallenbyLawrenceBinyoncanbeseenonwarmemorialsinmanypartsoftheworld．
Suggestedanswers：
①F②F③F④T
(3)AskSstoscanthepassagesandmakenotes．
TheSecondWorldWar
Lastingtime：______Startingtime：_____Endingtime：_____
Countriesinvolved：______
Cause：________
Importantbattle：_____
Event：_______
Number()IshipscrossedtheEnglishchannel：_____NumberoftroopstotheFrenchcoast：________
Themostimportantdangerousplace：_____
Suggestedanswers：
①6years②In1939③In1945
④Poland，France，US，Britain，Germany，Canada，Italy，Japan(thelasttwocountriesarenotmentionedinthetext)
⑤BritaindeclaredwaronGermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland．
⑥OperationOverland
⑦OperationOverlandstartedwhenboatsfullofsoldierslandedOnthebeachesofNormandyinFrance．
⑧Morethan5，000
⑨130，000
⑩OmahaBeach
(4)AskSsto8,earlPassage2carefully，andthenfinishActivity6OilP53．
SuggestedAnswers：
①a②b③b④a⑤b
(5)AskSsto$eanPassage3carefullyandfinishActivity7onP54．
Suggestedanswers:
①Itwasthe60thanniversaryofthelandings．
②TheyweredrownedOrblownup．
③Itsaysthattheyalenotreallylostbecausewewillalwaysrememberthem．
3．P0st-reading
AskSstosummarizethemainideaofeachpassage．
Suggestedanswers:
Passage1：introducesthereasonoftheD—Daylandingsandsomedetailedinformationaboutit．
Passage2：tellsaboutthehistoryofacompanycalledAbleCompany．
Passage3：describesthe60thanniversaryofD-Daylandings．
Step3．LanguagePoints
Purpose：ToenableSstolearn80mewordsandphrases，andunderstand80medifficultsentence8．
1．Workstudy
AskSstolistentothetextcarefullyandtypeoutsomeimportantwordsandphrases．Thendiscusstheminfourgroups.
(1)InSeptember1939，BritaindeclaredwaronGermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland．1939年9月，英国在德国入侵波兰后向德国宣战。
①declareVt宣布，声明，申报
EgChinadeclaredherfoundationonOct1st，1949．’
②invadevivt侵略，侵占
Eg(a)TroopsinvadedOnAugust9ththatyear．
(b)Thetownwasinvadedbyacrowdoftourists．
(2)TheWill"，whichlasteduntil1945，isknownastheSecondWorldWar．这场持续到1945年的战争就是第二次世界大战。
①lastvivt持续，延续
Eg(a)These8hoe~,lastwell．
(b)Ourholidaylaststhreedays．
(3)Duringthewar，Germanyoccupiedmanycountries，includingFrance．二战中，德国侵占了包括法国在内的许多国家。
occupyvt占领，占，住进
EgHowmuchmemorydoestheprogramoccupy?
(4)TroopsfromtheUnitedStates，BritainandCanadatookpartintheD．Daylandings．美国、英国和加拿大的军队参加了D日登陆。
①troop
(a)／-g一群(人或野生动物)；军队，部队(常用复数形式)
EgThereisatempoofmonkeysinthewoods．
(b)vi(部分in，out，of连用)群集，结队，成群而行
EgWetroopedintothemeeting．
②takepartin参加，参与
Eg(a)Hewilltakepartinachesstournamentnextweek．
(b)Shewouldsoonerresignthantakepartinsuchdishonestbusinessdeals．
(5)Americansoldiersattemptedtolandatthemostdangerousplace，knownasOmahaBeach．美军士兵试图在最危险的奥马哈海滩登陆。
attempttodosth试图干某事
EgWeattempttofinishthisreportwithourteacher’Shelp．
(6)ThesituationatOmahabeachwasSObadthattheUSarmycommandersthoughtaboutabandoningtheinvasion．
奥马哈海滩的形势非常严峻，以至于美军司令都考虑放弃进攻了。
①thinkabout考虑
EgI’dhavetothinkaboutit．
②abandonvt放弃；沉溺
Eg(a)Thecruelmanabandonedhiswifeandchild．
(b)Heabandonedhimselftodespair．
(7)Eventually，thesoldiersmadeabreakthroughandtheD—Daylandingsweresuccessful．登陆战士最后取得了突破，D日登陆得以告捷。
①eventuallyadv终于，最后
EgHeworkedSOhardthateventuallyhemadehimselfi11．
②makeabreakthrough突破
EgScientistspredictthattheywillmakeabreakthroughnextmonth．
(8)Twentymenfellintothewaterandwerepickedupbyotherboats．20名战士落水后被其他船只上的人救起。
pickup拣起，拾起；(偶然)得到，学会；收听；接人
Eg①Shepickedupabookontheground．
(爹ShesoonpickedupFrenchwhenshewenttoliveinFrance．
⑧TurnontheradioandpickupthelatestHewsontheWorldCuD．
(少AfterschoolIoftendrivetopickupmydaughterhome．
(9)ThesoldiersonBoat1andBoat4jumpedintothewater，butitwastoodeepandmost0fthemdrowned．
第一和第四艘船上的战士也跳人海里，由于海水太深，大多数人都淹死了。
drownvivt淹死，溺死
Eg①Sheturneduptheradiotodrown(out)thenoiseofthetraffic．
②Itiscrueltodrownthecatintheriver．
(10)Theothertwo，PrivateJakeandPrivateThomasLovejoy，joinedagroupfromanothercompanyandfoughtwiththem．Twomen．Tworifles．ThiswasAbleCompany’scontributiontoD．Day．
另外两位战士二等兵杰克‘谢弗和二等兵托马斯.洛夫乔伊加入了另一连队，与他们并肩作战。两名战士，两支来复枪，这就是A连对D日登陆所做出的贡献。
①fightwith在本句中的意思是“和……并肩作战”。此外，它还有“和……作战”的意思。
EgDidyoufightwithothers?
※[扩展]fightagainst对抗；fightfor为……而战
(a)Theygatheredsoldierstofightagainsttheinvadingarmy．
(b)Theworkersfightedforhigherwages．
②contributionn贡献；捐款，捐资
Eg(a)Hehasmadeanimportantcontributiontothecompany’ssuccess．
(b)Allcontribution，howeversmall，willbegreadyappreciated．
(11)ThecemeteryandmemorialaresituatedonacliffoverlookingthebeachandtheEnglishChannel，fromwheretheboatsattemptedtheirlandings．墓地和纪念碑坐落在一处悬崖之上，从那里可以俯瞰海滩和英吉利海峡，曾经一艘艘船只试图从那里登陆。
①situatevt使位于；使坐落于
EgOurschoolissituatedonthebankofWujiang．
②fromwhere…引导一个定语从旬。
EgThecaptainclimbeduptothesecondfloor，fromwherehecouldseetheenemiesintheforestclearly．
2．Sentencestudy
(1)AskSstojoineachpairofsentencestogether．
①(a)TheWarlasteduntil1945．(b)TheWarisknownastheSecondWorldwar．
②(a)Morethan5，000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel．
(b)Theshipscarried130，000PoopstotheFrenchcoast．
③(a)Thesurvivorslayonthebeach．(b)Theywereexhaustedandshocked．
Suggestedanswers:
①TheWar，whichlasteduntil1945，isknownastheSecondWorldWar．
②Morethan5，000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel，carrying130，000~oopstotheFrenchcoast．
③Thesurvivorslayonthebeach，exhaustedandshocked．
(2)AskSswhatthefollowingsentencemeans．
Iftheyhadr~achedthebeach，theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled．
SuggestedAnswer：
Infacttheywerenotkilledbecausetheydidn’treachthebeach．
(3)TranslatethefollowingpoemcalledFortheFallen．
Theyshallnotgrowold，aswethatareleftgrowold．
Ageshallnotwearythem，northeyearscondemn．
Atthegoingdownofthesunandinthemorning．
Wewillrememberthem．‘
SuggestedAnswers：
他们永远不会变老，当我们活着的人们都已老朽；年华不能使他们厌倦；岁月也不会让他们愧疚；日落日出。我们缅怀他们直到永久。
Step4．Homework
1．FinishtheReadingexercisesintheWorkbookonP99-100．
2．PreviewListeningandEverydayEnglishinthismodule．
Period3Listening，EverydayEnglish，Function
TeachingGoals：
1．TohelpSslearnhowtalkaboutmemories．
2．ToenableSstolearnhowtogetsomeinformationusefulfromthelisteningmaterials．
TeachingProcedures：
Step1．Revision
1．CheckSs’homeworkfirst．Ifnecessarygivethemsomeinstruction．
2．AskSstofillintheblanksaccordingtothepassage．
InSeptember1939，Britain__________GermanyafterGermany______Poland，whichwasthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar．IntheWar，Germany______manycountries．Themostimportant________wascalledOperationOverlord．Theoperationwas_______dangerousandmanysoldierswas_________．Americansoldiers______tolandatthemostdangerousplace，_________asOmahaBeach．ThesituationwasSObadthatthecommandersthoughtabout_______the______．Eventually,thesoldiers______．
OperationOverland_____asastoryofdangerand______and_____asastoryof
_________andactsof___________．
Suggestedanswers:
(1)declaredwaron(2)invaded(3)occupied(4)militaryoperation(5)extremely(6)killed(7)attempted(8)known(9)abandoning(10)invasion(11)madeabreakthrough(12)started(13)confusion(14)ended(15)bravery(16)heroism
Step2．Listening
Purpose：TohelpSslearntogetsomeusefulinformationfromthelisteningmaterials．
1．Pre-listening
(1)AskSstoreadthepassageonP55andanswerthefollowingquestions．
①Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
②WhatisBlitz?
③Howmanypeoplewerekilledintheworstsingleincident?
④Howdidpeoplegetintotheundergroundstations?
Suggestedanswers：
①ThepassagetellsUSduringtheSecondWorldWar，GermanplanesattackedLondonusingBlitz．
②Blitzmeanslightning埘0r，asuddenmilitaryattack．
③450．
④Theybrokethechainsonthedoors．
(2)AskSstocompletethesentenceswiththeverbsinthepastsimpleinActivity2onP55．
SuggestedAnswers：
①shook②flew③fell④thought⑤broke⑥felt
2．While-listening
(1)AskSstolistentoAliceandHenryPorter，wholivedinLondonduringtheBlitz，andanswerthefollowingquestions．
①HowoldwereAliceandHenrywhenthebombingcampaignstarted?
②WherewasAlicewhenshesawthebombingforthefirsttime?
③WhatdidHenryandhisbrotherdo?
④WherewasAlicewhenabombfellonherstreet?
⑥WhowasHenrywithonthenightheremembersbest?
⑥WhatelsedidAliceremember?、
⑦Howoftendidthebomberscome?
Suggestedanswers:
①Alicewas7andHenrywas12．
②Inherbedroom
③Theywentoutintothestreettowatchtheplanes．
④Intheundergroundstation．
⑤Hisfather．
⑥Thefiremen．
⑦Everynight，andnotjustonceanight．Therewasaraideverytwominutesforaboutanhour.
(2)Listenagainandtrytofillinsomeblanks．
Interviewer：I’mtalkingtoAliceandHenryPorter，whowerebothlivinginLondonduringtheSecondWorldWar，andwhoboth____thebombingcampaignwhichisknownastheLondonBlitz-Alice，whatareyourstrongest______0fit?
Alice：Well，1wasonlysevenyearsoldatthetime，andthefirstbombsfellalongwayfrommyhouse．ButIrememberthat______，andIlookedthroughmybedroomwindow．Irememberseeingfires____.I’veneverforgottenthat．Londonwas_____allaroundme．Thereweresomanyfiresthatthecloudsinthesky_____．Unforgettable．
Interviewer：Yes，indeed．
Alice：Ialsorememberthatmyparentswerevery_____me．
Interviewer：Why?
Alice：Because1waslookingthroughmybedroomwindow．You____dothat．Youhadtokeepyourwindows______allthetimeatnight．
Interviewer：Henry．WhatareyourfirstmemoriesoftheBlitz?
Henry：WeU，I’m0lderthanAlice，and1was12whenthebombingstarted．ThefirstthingIrememberwas____theplanes．Theyflewverylow．Mybrotherand1wentoutintothestreettowatch-Wenevertoldmyparentsaboutthat．IfI’dtoldthemaboutthat，they_____!
Interviewer：Howdidyoufeelwhenyouwentintothestreet?Wereyouafraid?
Henry：Well，yes，Isuppose1was．ButIalsorememberfeelingvery______．
Interviewer：Anddidanyofthebombsdropnearyou?
Alice：Not0nthe______night，no．andIoftenwonderwhy．Isupposebecauseweweren’tnearany_____andweweren’tnearthe______．Alotofbombsfellonthe_________．
Interviewer：Andlater?
Alice：Later，yes．Abombfellonourstreet．
Interviewer：Didyouseeit?
Alice：N0．Wewereintheair．raidshelter．Otherwise1wouldn’thave______．Actually，wewereinthe
undergroundstation．That’sright，theundergroundstation．If．Irememberrightly，we_____dothat．
Interviewer：Really?
Alice：Yes．Thegovernmentthoughtthatitwouldn’tbesafe，sothey______．Alotofpeoplethoughtitwouldbethesafestplace，sothey_______．Afterthat，alotofpeoplewentthere.
Henry：Andtheywereright．ItWAS_______intheunderground．
Alice：Yes．youfeltmuchsaferintheunderground．Thereweresheltersabovethegroundaswell．Anditwas______there．
Interviewer：Henry，what’syourstrongestmemory?
Henry：0nenight，myfatherandme_____thehouselaterthaneveryoneelse．Wehadtorunabouthalfamiletotheundergroundstation．Anditwasoneoftheworstnights．Theskywasfullofplanes，andyoucould____fallingbombs．Thatwas____．I’11neverforgethearingthatsound.
Interviewer：Whatelsedoyouremember，Alice?
Alice：Thefiremen．
Interviewer：Thefiremen?
Alice：Yes，theywerewonderful．Assoonastherewasafire，afireenginearrived．Ican_____．Very_______men．
Interviewer：Howoftendidthebomberscome?
Henry：Everynight．
Interviewer：Really?
Henry：Yes，andnotjustonceanight．Iremembercountingthetimebetweentheraidsonenight--thereWasaraideverytwominutesforaboutanhour．
Interviewer：Thankyoubothfor______．
Alice：You’rewelcome．
Henry：WEshouldthankYOU．We_____theopportunitytotalk．
Suggestedanswers:
(1)experienced(2)memories(3)thehouseshook(4)inthedistance(5)onfire
(6)turnedpink(7)annoyedwith(8)weren’tsupposedto(9)covered(10)thesoundof（11）wouldhavekilledme（12）excited（13）first(14)factories(15)docks(16)docks(17)survived(18)weren’tsupposedto(19)putchainsonthedoors(20)brokethechains(21)muchsafer(22)muchnoisier(23)cameoutof(24)hearthesoundsof(25)terrible(26)rememberthemshoutingtoeachother(27)brave(28)sharingyourmemorieswithUS(29)appreciated
Step3．EverydayEnglish
Purpose：TohelpSsunderstandsomesentencesintheListeningconversation．
AskSstoreadthelinesfromthelisteningpassageandanswerthequestionsonP58．Andthenchecktheanswerstogether．
Sugges~dAnswers：
(1)C(2)b(3)b(4)b(5)C
Step4．Function
Purpose：TohelpSstolearnhowtotalkaboutmemories．
1．Individualwork
AskSstocompleteListeningActivity4onP56andthenlistenagainandchecktheiranswers．
Suggestedanswers:
(1)window(2)fires(3)annoyed(4)sound
(5)excited(6)supposed(7)shouting(8)counting
2．Pairwork
AskSstofindwhatthesentencesinActivitylonP56haveincommon．
SuggestedAnswers：
Theyaretalkingaboutthememories．Mostofthemuseoneword“remember”．
3．Practice
LetSscompletethesentencesintheirownwords．
(1)Iremember(doingsomething)_____．
(2)IfIrememberrightly，______．
(3)ThefirstthingIremember(aboutaperson／place)was_____．
(4)I’11neverforget(doingsomething)_______．
(Iftimeisallowed，theteachercanasksomeofSstosaytheirownsentences．)
Step5．Homework
1．PreviewGrammarinthismodule．
2．FinishtheVocabularyexercisesintheWorkbookonP98．
Period4Grammar
TeachingGoals：
1．TohelpSslearnhowtousethesubjunctivecorrectly．
2．ToenableSstOlearntwostructures：Iftheyhad(not)been．．．，theywould(not)have．．．；
Iftheyhad(not)done…，theywould(not)have…
TeachingProcedures：
Step1．Revision
ChecktheanswerstoVocabularyexercisesonP98andgiveSssomeinstruction．
Step2．Grammar
Purpose：ToenableSstousethesubjunctivecorrectly．
1．Leading-in
(1)AskSstoreadthesentencesandanswersomequestions．
①Iftheyhadreachedthebeach，theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled．
Q：Didtheyreachthebeach?Weretheykilled?
Suggestedanswer：
No．theydidn’treachthebeach．Sotheywerenotkilled．
②Iftheyhadn’tbeenontheboats，theywouldhavesurvived．
Q：Weretheyontheboats?Didtheysurvive?
SuggestedAnswer：
Yes，theywereontheboats，buttheydidn’tsurvive．
③Iftheirbackpackshadbeensmall，theywouldnothavedrowned．
Q：Weretheirbackpackssmall?Didtheydrown?
Suggestedanswer：
No，theirbackpackswerebig．Sotheydrowned．
④IftheGermanshadnotbeennearthebeach，thesoldierwouldnothavehadanyproblems．
Q：WeretheGermansnearthebeach?Didthesoldiershaveproblems?
SuggestedAnswer：
Yes，theGermanswerenearthebeach，andthesoldiersdidhaveproblems．
(2)GuideSstodrawaconclusionofthem．Askthemthefollowingquestionfirst．
Dothesesentencesdescribesomethingthatreallyhappened7．
SuggestedAnswer：
No，theydon’t．
Theconclusion：
用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，条件从句用过去完成时(haddone／been)；结果主句用would／could／might+havedone
2．Practice
(1)LetSsjointhesentencestogetherbyusingtheabovestructure．
①a．GermanyinvadedPoland．
b．TheBritishdeclaredWar．
⑦a．Thesoldiersreachedthebeach．
b．TheywereattackedbytheGermans．
③a．Thewaterwasverydeep．
b．Itwasimpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach．
④a．TheinvasionofNormandywassuccessful_
b．Thewarendedsoonafterwards．
Suggestedanswers:
①IfGermanyhadn’tinvadedPoland，theBritishwouldn’thavedeclaredwar．
②Ifthesoldiershadn’treachedthebeach，theywouldn’thavebeenattackedbvtheGermans．
③Ifthewaterhadn’tbeenSOdeep，itwouldhavebeenpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach．
④IftheinvasionofNormandyhadn’tbeensuccessful，thewaywouldn’thaveendeds00nafterwards．
(2)LetSsdrawaconclusionofallthesubjunctivewehavelearnt．
TheConclusion：
虚拟情况条件从句结果主句
表示与现在事实相反的
情况
动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)
would／could／might+动

词原形
表示将来不大可能实现
的事情动词的过去式(be动词一般用
were)／wereto／should+动词原形would／could／might+动
词原形
表示与过去事实相反的
情况
动词的过去完成时(haddone)
would／could／might+

havedone

3．Exercise
(1)Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit____．
A．breaksB．hasbrokenC．werebrokenD．hadbeenbroken
(2)Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting．Ifshe____，shewouldhavemetmybrother．
A．hascomeB．didcomeC．CalTleD．hadcome
(3)一Ifhe____，he____thatfood．
-Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately．
A．waswarned；wouldnottake
B．hadbeenwarned；wouldnothavetaken
C．wouldbewarned；hadnottaken
D．wouldhavebeenwarned；hadnottaken
(4)Iftherewerenosubjunctive，English_____mucheasier．
A．willbeB．wouldhavebeenC．couldhavebeenD．wouldbe
(5)一Alice，whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?
—I_____，butIhadanunexpectedvisitor．
A．hadB．wouldC．wasgoingtoD．did
(6)1wishI_____youyesterday．
A．seenB．didseeC．hadseenD．weIlet0see
(7)Ididn’tseeyouruncleattheparty．Ifhe____，hewouldhavesaid“hello”tome．
A．wouldcomeB．hadcomeC．cameD．didcome
(8)Youdidn’tletmedrive．Ifwe____inturn，you____sotired．
A．drove；didn’tgetB．drove：wouldn’tget
C．weredriving；wouldn’tgetD．haddriven；wouldn’thavegot
(9)MrSmithwasbadlyill，orhe___ourdinnerparty．
A．shouldcometoB．wouldhaveattended
C．wouldcometoD．shouldhaveattended
(10)Shesuggestedwe____hereatonce
A．1eaveB．1eavingC．wereleavingD．hadleft
(11)Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody____therules．
A．obeysB．obeyC．willobeyD．wouldobey
(12)LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI____youradvice．
A．followB．hadfollowedC．wouldfollowD．havefollowed
(13)一DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?
一_____Ifeelabitcold．
A．Ofcoursenot．B．I’dratheryoudidn’t．
C．Goahead．D．Whynot?
(14)____it____foryourhelp，Icouldn’thavemadeanyprogress．
A．Had：notbeenB．Should；notbe
C．Did；notbeD．Not；be
Suggestedanswers:
(1)-(5)CDBDC(6)-(10)CBDBA(11)-(14)BBBA
其中第10题，suggest表示建议的时候，其用法为：suggestdoingsth／thatsb(should)dosth
类似的词有：advise，demand，require，insist，order。
第12题，ifonly意为“但愿……；要是……就好了”。它所引起的句子一般也要用虚拟语气。
第13题，在口语中，wouldrather后面从句中的谓语动词常用过去式来表示一种委婉的拒绝。在wouldrather后面的从句中，谓语动词用过去式表示现在的愿望，用“had+过去分词”表示过去的愿望。
第14题，条件句中如有were，had，should，could时，可以省略if，但句子要部分倒装。
Step3．Homework
1．FinishtheGrammarexercisesintheWorkbook．
2．PreviewReadingandWriting，CulturalCornerinthismodule．
Period5CulturalCorner，ReadingandWriting
TeachingGoals：
1．TohelpSslearnhowtotalkabouttheUnitedNationspeacekeepers．
2．ToenableSstolearnhowtowriteafilmreview．
3．ToenableSstosaytheirfeelingsaboutway．
TeachingProcedures：
Step1．Revision
CheckSs’homeworkandgivethemsomeinstruction．．
Step2．CulturalCorner
Purpose：TohelpSslearnhowtotalkabouttheUnitedNationspeacekeepers．
1．Leading-in
AskSsthefollowingquestions：
(1)Ifwesufferalotfromawaratpresenttime，whatwaysdoyouthinkcanhelppreventtheWarandsavethepeoplewhosufferfromit?
(图6—6—1)(图6—6—2)
(2)Whatforcesarethey?
(3)Whatistheirduty?
SuggestedAnswers：
(1)Variousanswersareacceptable．
(2)TheyaretheUnitedNationspeacekeepingforces．
(3)Theyarefromallovertheworldandtrytokeeptheworldpeaceful．
2．Skimming
AskSstoskimthepassageandtrytofindouttheanswerstothefollowingquestions．
(1)WhendidtheideaofUNpeacekeepersbegin?
(2)Whoseideawasit?
(3)WhenandwherewerethefirstUNpeacekeeperssent?
(4)Fromwhatcountrieshavethepersonnelcomesince2007
Suggestedanswers:
(1)Itbeganmorethan60yearsago．
(2)CanadianForeignMinisterLesterPearson’Sidea．
(3)TheyweresenttotheMiddleEastin1948．
(4)Pakistan，Bangladesh，India，Ghana，China，Sweden，Denmark，Norway，Finland，Canada，Ireland，ItalyandAustralia．
3．Scanning
AskSstoscanthepassageandwritedownwhathappenedintheyearsinthefollowingtable．
Over60yearsago
In1948
In1957
In1995
Duringthe1990s
Since2000
In2003

Suggestedanswers:
Over60yearsagoTheideaofUNpeacekeepersbegan．
In1948ThefirstgroupweresenttotheMiddleEast．
In1957ThefirstarmedgroupweresenttotheMiddleEast．
In1995AterriblecivilwarbrokeoutinRwanda
Duringthe1990sEasternEuropeancountriesstartedtosendpersonnel
Since2000Mostofthepersonnelhavecomefrom．．．
In2003Therewere15operations，involving．．．

4．Post-reading’
LetSsdiscussthefollowingquestion：’
DoyouthinktheneedforUNpeacekeepingforceswillincreaseordecreaseinthefuture?
Step3．ReadingandWriting
Purpose：TohelpSstolearnhowtOwriteafilmreview．
1．Leading-in
ShowsomefactsandletSsguessthenameofthefilm．
(1)ItisafilmwhichwasdirectedbyStephenSpielberg．
(2)Itisananti—warfilm．
(3)ThetwomaincharactersareCaptainJohnMiller，playedbyTomHanks，andPrivateJamesRyan，playedbyMattDamon．
SuggestedAnswer：
SavingPrivateRyan
2．1ndividualwork
Readthepassageandmatchthetwoparts．
Paragraph1a．Thedetailsofwhathappensinpartofthefilm
Paragraph2b．Thedirectorandtheactorsofthefilm
Paragraph3C．Thestoryofthefilm
Paragraph4d．Thewriter’spersonalfeelingaboutthefilm
Suggestedanswers:
Paragraph1——bParagraph2——cParagraph3——aParagraph4——d
3．Groupwork
AskSst0readthepassageandthendiscusshowtowriteafilmreview．
Foryourreference：
Step1：Beginwiththeinformationaboutthefilm，forexample，thenameofthefilm，thedirector，theactors／actress，etc．．
Step2：Giveabriefsummaryofthefilm．
Step3：Presentyouropinionofthemovieandgivereasonsforit．
4．1ndividualwork
AskSstochooseoneoftheirfamiliarfilmandtrytomakeoutadraftofafilmreview．
Onepossibleversion：
T／ton／c．afilmdirectedbyJamesCameron，isbasedonafamouspartofhistory(thenightofApril15，1912)
withadoomed，fictionalromanceatitscore．
Themaincharacters——Jack(LeonardoDiCaprio)andRose(KateWinslet)fellinlovewitheachotherthoughJackisaD00rartistwhileRosecomesfromanupper—classfamily．TheyencounterdonTitanic—themostluxuiousshipatthattime，buttheshiphittheiceburgandsplitintwo．JacksacrificedhimselfSOastosaveRosefmmsuredeath．Thetragic1"OmanlcebetweenJackandRosedominatesthefilmalthoughtherearesomesubplots．
Titanicisnotonlvafilm．Ittellsmoreaboutloveandlife．Everyoneshouldlovelifeandcontinuetogoaheadnomatterwhethappens．
Step4．Homework
1．FinishtherestoftheexercisesintheWorkbook．
2．Finishthewritingtaskafterclass．
Period6Workbook．Task．ModuleFile
TeachingGoals：
1．TodealwiththeexercisesintheWorkbook．
2．ToenableSstomakeaconclusionofthismodule．
TeachingProcedures：
Step1．Revision
Purpose：TodealwiththeexercisesintheWorkbook．
First，checkSswhethertheyhavefinishedtheexercisesintheWorkbook．Andthengivesomeinstructionoftheexercises．
Step2．Task
Purpose：TohelpSstoexpresstheiropinionsaboutwar．
AskSstowritedowntheiropinionsaboutwarontheblackboard．
Step3．ModuleFile
Purpose：ToenableSstomakeaconclusionofthismoduleandtodeepenwhatwehavelearnedinthemodule．
AskSstolookatModuleFileandtrytorecallwhattheyhavelearnt．Thentickthethingstheyaresurethattheyknowandputaquestionmarknexttothepointstheyarenotsureofandacrosstowhattheydon’tknow．
HelpSstosharetheirideasanddealwiththedifficultorconfusingpoints．
Step4．Assessment
1．Individualworkforself-assessment
T：Inthismodule．youhavelearntsomethingaboutWarandpeace．Howdoyouevaluateyourselfinstudyingthismodule?
ItemsNotverywelloKVerywellProblemsandthingstoimprove
Listening
Speaking
Reading
Writing
Grammar

Reflection
Ilearnt_________
1wouldliketoknowabout_________
I’mstillnotsureabout__________
I’mconfusedabout________________
2．Groupwork
GroupAssessment
姓名
小组发言次数
全班发言次数
提出问题次数
解答问题次数
查找资料次数
与人合作次数
总评价

高二英语Scienceversusnature教案

高二英语Scienceversusnature教案
Verb-edform
一、V-ed分词具有形容词和副词性质，在句中可充当定语、表语、宾语补语、状语。
1．作定语
过去分词作定语，表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态,但不及物动词构成的过去分词只表示完成，而不表示被动意义。
例如：完成+被动：apollutedriveralockedroomawell-educatedman
只有完成：aretiredworkerafallenleafboiledwater
作定语的V-ed分词也有前置和后置两种情况。单个过去分词作定语，常常位于被修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常位于被修饰的名词后面，相当于一个定语从句。
Eg.1).Youshouldimproveyourspoken(speak)English.
2).What’sthelanguagespoken(speak)inthatarea?
=.What’sthelanguagewhich/thatisspoken(speak)inthatarea?
3).Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.
=Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhowastrappedinthefire.
4).Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
=Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
2．作表语
作表语的V-ed分词大多转化成为形容词，通常用于联系动词之后（例如be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become,get等），表示主语所处的状态
1).Edisonbecameinterested(interest)insciencewhenhewasveryyoung.
2).Shelooksveryexcited(excite)atthenews.
3).WhenIwascleaningthewindow,myfingergotcut(cut)unexpectedly.
3．作宾语补足语
如果宾语与后面作宾补的动词构成被动关系，则使用V-ed分词作宾补。可以带V-ed分词作宾补的词有：with,see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel,sense,find,leave,keep,get,have,make.
1).Ihadmymoneystolen(steal)onthebus.
2).AsheknowslittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood(understand).
3).Inthemorning,peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged(change).
4．作状语
作状语的V-ed分词与主句之间常有逗号隔开,在句中可表示时间,原因,条件,让步,伴随等情况,并可转化为相应的状语从句。作状语的V-ed和主句的主语常有被动关系。
1)时间状语
Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.
=Whentheearthisseenfromspace,itlooksblue.

Askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.
=Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.
2)原因状语
Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.
=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.
Becausetheyweremovedbythestory,theydecidedtohelpher.
=Movedbythestory,theydecidedtohelpher.
3)条件状语
Givenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.
=Ifwearegivenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.
Comparedwithotherprofessors,sheisanexcellentspeaker.
=.
4)让步状语
Laughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.
=Thoughhewaslaughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.
Eventhoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,hestillisaheroinmyheart.
=Defeatedbyhisopponent,hestillisaheroinmyheart.
5)伴随状语
Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.
=Theboysatatthetableandhewasburiedinhishomework.
Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.
=Thegirllayinbedandshewaslostinthought.
Iwillspendthenightlocked(lock)inyourroom.
Shelefttherestaurant,disappointed(disappoint)withthebadservice.
二、转化为形容词的V-ed
有一些过去分词已转化为形容词,失去被动意义,仅表状态。如:hidden,dressed,lost,seated,determined,absorbed,injured,based,surprised,satisfied,bored,tired…
e.gWhatmadeyousofrightened?
Thedog,boredwiththegame,willnotplayanymore.
=Thedog,whichisboredwiththegame,willnotplayanymore.
Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.
=Ashewasmuchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.
Seatedinthecar,thePresidentwavedtothecrowd.
=Whilehewasseatedinthecar,thePresidentwavedtothecrowd.
三、连词+V-ed
过去分词有时和连词(when,while,whenever,until,if,unless,once,though,
although，eventhough/if)一起用，相当于状语从句的紧缩式。
（注意：before/after后不直接跟V-ed分词，而用before/after＋beingdone,因为此时分词前的before/after是介词。）
Ifaccepted(accept)forthispost,youwillbeinformedbyMay1st.
Unlesschanged(change),thislawwillmakelifedifficultforfarmers.
Iwillnotgiveupmyplaneveniftold(tell)to.
Thesemachinesmustbecheckedbeforebeingused(use).

四、tobedone,beingdone,done,havingbeendone作定语的区别：
以上四种形式都表示被动，都可作定语。tobedone表示即将被…;beingdone表示正在被…;done表示被做过了…;havingbeendone作非限制性定语，和被修饰词用逗号隔开,强调在谓语动词的动作之前完成。
Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowinvolvespollution.
Thequestiondiscussed(discuss)yesterdayinvolvespollution.
Thequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)nowinvolvespollution.
Thequestion,havingbeendiscussed(discuss)foryears,involvespollution.
五、done,havingbeendone作状语的区别：
beingdone一般在句中不作状语,而用done代替之。havingbeendone强调动作在谓语动作之前完成,或已经持续一段时间的动作,常用作时间和原因状语,done则不强调时间先后和持续一段时间。
Led(lead)bythelocalguide,wewentfurtherintotheforest.
Havingbeentaken(take)goodcareofforhalfayear,thepatientbecamefarbetter.
Havingbeentranslated(translate)intomanylanguages,thenoveliswell-knownthroughouttheworld.

练习：
1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.
A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout
2.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_________frommyfriends.
A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed
3.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen______atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioningB.havequestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned
4.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit____oftenenough.
A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained
5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A．beginsB．havingbegun　?C．beginningD．begun
6._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythepolice.
A.HavingbeenlostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing
7.______inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.
A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed
8.Isatbeforethedeskuntilaftermid-night,_____inwriting.
A.beingabsorbedB.absorbedC.tobeabsorbedD.absorbing
9.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents________.
A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry
10.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall
A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared
11.When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.
A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared
12.______intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.
A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingbeenputD.Beingput
13._________bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.
A．AttractingB．AttractedC．TobeattractedD．Havingattracted
14.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess
A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced
15.____andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.
A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising
16.Isthisthewatchyouwish_____?
A.tohaverepairedB.torepairitC.tohaveitrepairedD.willberepaired
17._____manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.
A.HavingbeentoldB.Thoughhehadbeentold
C.HewastoldD.Havingtold
18.______behindthedoor,Iwasn’tfoundbythefellow.
A.HiddenB.TohideC.HideD.Havinghidden
19.Helenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundofthemusic.
A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhear
C.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard
20.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain___astheplanewasmakingalanding.
A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
21.You’dbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_____.It’stoodirty.
A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash
22.Mostoftheguests_____totheChristmaspartywerecollegestudentsfromforeigncountries.
A.beinginvitedB.invitingC.invitedD.tobeinvited
23.Thecar_______inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.
A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced
24.Iwillgototheparty________.
A.ifinvitedB.ifhavinginvitedC.ifIwasinvitedD.ifIwillbeinvited
25.Thestudents,____atthewaythequestionwasput,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.
A.beingsurprisedB.surprisedC.surprisingD.havingsurprised
26._____theirstudy,manyChinesestudentsoverseasreturntoChina.
A.HavingbeencompletedB.CompletedC.HavingcompletedD.Completing
27.SwanLakeisafamousballetinfouracts,_____onaGermanfairytale.
A.basingB.basedC.tobaseD.bases
28.______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanycountryintheworld.
A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated
29._____suchheavypollution,theriverisunlikelytobecleanedupinsuchashorttime.
A.SufferB.HavingsufferedC.BeingsufferedD.Tosuffer
Keys:1-5CACDD6-10AABAD11-15CABBB16-20ACADC21-25BCAAB
26-29CBCB

高二英语MainlyRevision教案

2011高一英语学案：M3U2project（牛津译林版必修3）
Learningcontent:ProjectM3U2
LearningAims:1.Trainthestudents’writing,readingandspeakingabilities.
2.GetthestudentstotalkaboutwritingabookletaboutChinesecharacters.
3.Getthestudentstocooperatewithothers.
Learningdifficultiesandimportantpoints:Howtohelpthestudentsfinishthetasksofwritingandspeaking.
PeriodOne:课前预习：
Ⅰ。TranslateChineseintoEnglish
1.与……不同_________________________2.代表_________________________
3.组成_______________________________4.根据________________________
5.总体来说________________6.由……构成_________________________
7.失明____________________8.在战争时期_________________________
9.实用用途___________________________10.致力于______________________
11.有自己的盲文版本___________________________

Ⅱ。ReadthearticleatP38andanswerquestions.
1.HowoldistheChinesewriting?
2.WhoinventedChinesecharacters?
3.HowwasChinesewritinginvented?
4.WhendidtheChinesegovernmentsimplifiedcharacters?

III.Readthepassageagainanddividethepassageintoseveralparts,thengivethemainideaofeachpart
Para.1.__________________________________________________-
Para.2._____________________________________________________
Para.3-6_______________________________________________________
Para.7-8_________________________________________________________

自主学习过程：
1.ThechineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthat,insteadofanalphabet,itusecharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.
which引导的定语从句修饰先行词characters.
differfrom和……不同，不同于
e.g.FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisrespect.
AdiffersfromB=AandBdiffer=AisdifferentfromBA和B不同
differin在……方面不同
differwithsbabout/on/oversth在某事上与某人意见不同
inthat在于，因为，引导原因状语从句
e.g.Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher.
standfor代表，容忍，支持，主张
e.g.The“PO”standforPostOffice.
I’mnotstandingforitanylonger.
Ihatedtheorganizationandallitstoodfor.

standby袖手旁观standdown退出比赛standout显眼standupfor支持，维护
standupto勇敢面对，经得起
deed行为，行动
Abrave/charitable/evildeed

2.Chinesewordsareformedbyputtingtogetherdifferentcharacter.
form形成，构成，组织，养成，培养（v）形状，外形，形式，表格（n）
e.g.Ican’tformanyideaoropinionaboutit.
Oneshouldformagoodhabitofreadingwhenyoung.
Pleasefillthisforminink.

Amatterofform例行公事，礼节问题intheformof以……的形式
aftertheformof照……的格式inform表现正常，情况良好
taketheformof采取……的形式beoutoftheform处于不良的竞技状态

3.Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting……
hunt打猎，追寻
e.g.ahuntingdoggohunting
beonthehuntfor正在寻找，在寻求……中thehuntforsb/sth寻找某人、某物
huntfor/after追逐，寻找，搜索ahunterforfame一个追求名誉的人

4.Somecharactershavebeensimplifiedandothershavebeenmademoredifficultovertime.
simplify使简明，使简易，简化
e.g.trytosimplifyyourexplanationforthechildren.
simplification简化simplified简化的
overtime久而久之，随着时间的推移，over强调一种动态的时间
e.g.thecolourofthecarpetwillnotfadeovertime.

5.Sometimestoexpressideas,somecharacterweremadebycombiningtwoormorecharacterstogether.
combine使结合，使联合
combinesthwith/andsth把……和……联合起来
e.g.canironcombinewithwaterandoxygentoformrust?

6.It’seasytodistinguishtheirmeaningbylookingatthem.…………“up”and“down”,whichareoppositesofeachother.
distinguish①区分，分辨，分清distinguishbetween……and……=distinguish…..from…..
e.g.Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?
②使具有……特色，使有别于……
e.g.Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?
③看清，听出，认出
e.g.Icouldnotdistinguishherwords,butshesoundedexcited.
④使出众，使著名distinguishoneselfas作为……而使某人杰出
e.g.Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.
distinct有区别的，不同的distinction差别，不同，区分，分辨
distinguishable可辨别的distinguished杰出的，著名的，高贵的，有尊严的
opposite①对立面，反面(n)
e.g.Hotandcoldareopposites
②相反的，迥然不同的,对面的，另一边的(adj)
e.g.Shetriedcalminghimdown,butitseemedtobehavingtheoppositeeffect.
Theshopisontheoppositesideofthestreet.
③与……相反，在……对面(prep)
e.g.Thepeoplesittingoppositeuslookedveryfamiliar.
thecompleteopposite恰恰相反quitetheopposite正好相反
(be)oppositeto与……相对，和……相反

7.Thoughthesekindsofcharactersindicatemeaning,oneoftheirshortcomingsisthat……….
Indicate①指示，标示
Thereisasighindicatingtherighttofollow.
②象征，暗示……的可能性
Theredskyatnightindicatesfineweatherthefollowingday.
indicatesthtosb向某人暗示，表明某事
Indicatethat……..显示，象征
Shortcoming缺点，短处，
Everyonehashisownshortcoming.

8.Inthosedays,booksforblindpeopleusedpaperpressedagainstmetalwiretoformletters.
Press按，压，榨，挤(v)记者，新闻界（n）
press…against/on…..把……按在……上
presssthintosth把某物压入某物中
presssbtodosth督促某人做某事
Ihadtopressmyselfagainstthewalltoletthempass.
Shepressedthemoneyintohishand.
Shepressedhergueststostayalittlelonger.
Thestorywasreportedinthepressandontelevision.

9.Thewholesystemwasnotconvenientforuse.
convenient便利的，方便的，附近的，容易到达的
beconvenientforsb/sth对某人、某物来说很便利
Ifitisconvenientforsb如果某人方便的话
Atyourconvenience在你方便的时候
e.g.I’mafraidthisisn’taconvenientmomentforyoutoseehim.

10…………….duringtimesofbattle.
battle斗争，战役，奋斗，较量
e.g.Knowtheenemyandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithnodangerofdefeat.
acceptthebattle应战gainabattle战胜
Battleagainst与……战斗battlefor为……而战

11.Eachletterofthealphabetwasrepresentedbyadifferentpatternwhichconsistedoftwelvedots.
pattern方式，形式，图案，榜样，样板
e.g.thediseaseisnotfollowingitsusualpattern.
Theclothhasapatternofredandwhitesquares.
Thesuccessofthecoursesetapatternforthetrainingofthenewemployees.
Step2Exercises
Fillintheblankswiththephrasesfromtheboxbelow.
overtimeaccordingtodifferfrominthatthiswayturn…into
asawholedevelop…into
1.OldEnglish_______greatly_____themodernEnglishweusetoday.
2.Lifeontheislandhaschanged__________becauseofthegrowingnumberoftouristswhovisititeveryyear.
3.______________thetickets,thetrainwillleaveat8:30.We’dbetterhurrytogettothestationontime!
4.Shesaiditwastheteacher’spraiseandencouragementthat______her______agoodstudent.
5.Installthisspellchecksoftwareonyourcomputer.Youwillavoidmakingspellingmistakes__________.
6.Consideringyouridea____________,Ithinkitwillcontributesignificantlytothedevelopmentofthecompany.However,itmaycausesomeproblemsaswell.
7.Iwaslucky_________IwasabletofindwhatIwanted.

Step3Homework:
1.DoPartsB1andB2onpage93inworkbook.
2.DoPartsD1andD2onpage95inworkbook.
3.Reviewwordsandphrasesinthisunit.

高二英语Understandingeachother教案

虚拟语气（TheSubjunctiveMood）

虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气.

虚拟语气是英语语法中的难点。考生应主要掌握虚拟语气在下列情况下的用法：

①虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法；

②在宾语从句中的用法；

②在状语从句中的用法；

④及主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中的用法；

⑤在一些特殊句型中的用法等。

一、用于非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

。

If从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

与过去事实相反

haddone

wouldhavedone

与现在事实相反

did/were

woulddo

与将来事实相反

did/were

shoulddo

weretodo

woulddo

注意点：

1.省略If当条件状语从句的谓语含有were,had,should时，可以将它们放在句首，省略if。

1.Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

=Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

2.Ifyouwerethemanagerhere,whatwouldyoudo?

=___Wereyouthemangerhere_______________,whatwouldyoudo?

______Ifitshouldrain____/_________Shoulditrain____tomorrow(如果明天下雪),wewouldputoffourcelebration.

__Ifyouhadattended______/___Hadyouattended______________thelecture(如果你听了讲座),youcouldhaveknownthespecialcustoms.

2.错综时间条件句

当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为"错综时间条件句",动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整

1）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice，hewouldrecoveralready．如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）

2）IfI___were______(be)you，I__wouldn’thavemissed___(notmiss)thefilmlastnight．

3)Iftheboy__________hadn’tsaved_(notsave)thisafternoon,hisfamily_wouldn’tbe_(notbe)inpeacenow.

4)Ifyouworked(work)hardnow,you_wouldget___(get)agoodjobinthefuture.

5)Ifhehadn’tbeencaught(notcatch)intherainyesterday,he______wouldn’tbe__(notbe)illnow.

二．虚拟语气用于某些从句中的情况：
1）在主语从句中
在It+be+形容词/名词+that从句的结构中，由于某些形容词/名词的原因，that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式"should+动词原形"或是"动词原形"。

这类形容词/名词常见的有：important（重要的）,necessary(必要的）,strange（奇怪的）,natural（自然的）,essential（绝对必要的）,urgent（紧急的）,advisable(明智的),regretful（遗憾的）,duty（义务、责任）,apity（遗憾）,nowonder（难怪）,aregret（遗憾）：
Itisstrangethathe___say______________(say)so.

Itisagreatpitythatyou____think_____________(think)so.
Itisnaturalthatabird___rest_________(rest)intrees.
Itisnecessarythathe___besent___________(send)toBeijingrightaway.

另外，下列结构中主语从句的谓语动词也要求用虚拟语气：
Itisorderedthat…(根据命令、要求……),Itisproposedthat…(人们建议……)
Itisdesiredthat…(最好、需要……),Itisrequestedthat…(人们要求……)
Itissuggestedthat…(有人建议……),Itisrecommendedthat…(有人推荐……)
Itisdemandedthat…(根据要求……),等。例如：
ItissuggestedthattheEnglishevening_beheld________(hold)onSaturday.

2)在宾语从句中
一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+v，或者将should省略。以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。(order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire)

Heproposedthatwe_set________(set)adeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.
Theyrequestedthatwe__send___________(send)adelegationtotheircountry.
Isuggestedthathe___set_______(set)offforourheadquartersstraightaway.
注意：当insist表示“坚持说”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。

Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe__was________(be)quitesatisfiedwithwhatIhaddoneforhim.

Heinsistedthathe_was__________(be)honest.

3)在表语从句和同位语从句中
名词suggestion（建议）,proposal（提议）,order（命令）,recommendation（推荐），advice(建议)等后面所接的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用"(should)+动词原形"：
Mysuggestionisthathe__leave_______(leave)forLondonatonce.

Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe__put_________(put)onaplayattheEnglishevening?

4)在状语从句中
asif、asthough（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从句，如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,过去用haddone,现在用did/were,将来用woulddo

Theyaretalkingasifthey__hadbeen_________(be)friendsforyears.

Theteachertreatsthestudentsasifthey_were_________(be)hisownchildren.

Theyaretalkingandtalkingasifthey____wouldn’tmeet_____(notmeet)again

5)在Itis(high)timethatsbdid/weresth从句中"该是……的时候了",

Itistimethatwe__got______(get)readyforthefinalexamination.

Itishightimethatwe__had_______(have)ourlunch.

6)在Ifonly/wish…从句中"要是……就好了"、"但愿……"

过去：haddone现在：did/were将来：woulddo
Ifonlyhe____wouldfind_______(find)asatisfactoryjobafterhisgraduation.

IfonlyI__were_________(be)arichmannow.

Ifonlyhe___hadcome________(come)thismorning.

7)wouldratherthat“宁愿”过去：haddone现在/将来：did/were

Iwouldratheryou_paid______(pay)menow.

Iwouldratheryou__hadgone_________(go)yesterday.

Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_came________(come)tomorrow.

一：动词填空

1.IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldgotherewithhim.

2.IfI_hadworked________(work)hardintheschool,Iwouldbe(be)acollegestudentnow.

3.Hadhefollowed(follow)youradvice,hewouldhavepassedtheexaminations.

4.Ifyoushouldnotcome/came/werenottocome(notcome)heretomorrow,we_wouldcancel_________(cancel)themeeting.

5.Ifmotherhadhad(have)yesterday,she_wouldhavebought________(buy)meapresent.

6.----Ifhehadbeenwarned__(warn),hewouldn’thavetaken__(nottake)thatfood.

----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

7.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwehaddriven____(drive)inturn,you_wouldn’thavegot_____(notget)sotired.

8.Ifyou__hadtaken__(take)yourmedicineyesterday,youwouldbe(be)wellnow.

选择题：

1.Wedemandedthatwe__________ofanychangeintheplan.

A)informedB)wouldbeinformedC)beinformedD)hadbeeninformed

2.It’snecessarythathe_________arecognizedqualification.

A)hasB)haveC)hadD)having

3.Itshightimewe____________ourattentiontothisproblem.

A)turnedB)turnC)hadturnedD)wouldturn

4.Ifonlyyou__________himwhatIsaid!Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.

A)didnttoldB)hadnttoldC)wouldnottellD)wouldhavenottold

5.Muchlaborwouldhavebeensavediftheelectroniccomputers_____________before.

A)hadinventedB)wereinventedC)shouldhavebeeninventedD)hadbeeninvented

6._____________ceaseadvertising,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.

A)WeretheytoB)CouldtheyC)IftheyD)Wouldthey

7.You____________theclothes!Wehaveawasherwomantodothatsortofthing.

A)shouldnthavewashedB)mustnthavewashed

C)cannothavewashedD)neednthavewashed

8.Jeandoesntwanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldntbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.

A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)couldhavegot

9.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios______after11oclockatnight.

A)werenotplayedB)nottoplayC)notbeplayedD)didnotplay

10.Youdonthavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou_________onbusinessfirst.

A)wouldgoB)willgoC)wentD)havegone

11.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney___________tofundtheproject.

A)becollectedB)mustbecollectedC)wascollectedD)canbecollected

12.Ifonlythecommittee__________theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.

A)approveB)willapproveC)canapproveD)wouldapprove

13.IdontthinkitadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A)isassignedB)willbeassignedC)beassignedD)hasbeenassigned

14.You_________herinherofficelastFriday;shesbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.

A)neednthaveseenB)musthaveseenC)mighthaveseenD)couldn’thaveseen

15.Itisrecommendedthattheproject_________untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.

A)isnotstartedB)willnotbestartedC)notbestartedD)isnottobestarted

16.IwishI________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.

A)couldhavesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept

17.I________hertothepartybutIdidntknowherwell.

A)oughthaveinvitedB)wouldhaveinvitedC)shouldinviteD)mayhaveinvited

18.You________totowntoseethefilmlastweek.ItwillbeonTVtomorrow.

A)needntgoB)shouldnotgoC)hadbetternotgoD)neednthavegone

19.Withallthisworkonhand,he__________tothecinemalastnight.

A)mustntgoB)wouldntgoC)oughtnttogoD)shouldnthavegone

20.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms___________backbeforethedeadline

A)mustbesentB)wouldbesentC)besentD)weresent

21.________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepassword

ofyourE-mailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.Whatrequires

C.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

22．Thechairmanthought_____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
23.---Dontyouthinkitnecessarythathe_______toMiamibuttoNewYork?

----Iagree,buttheproblemis________hehasrefusedto.

A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;that

C.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what

Answers:CBABDADBCCADCDCABDDCCBB