高中英语必修二教案

高二英语Gettingalongwithothers教案。

一．不定式的五种基本形式

主动

被动

一般式

todo

tobedone

完成式

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

进行式

tobedoing

不定式的否定形式：nottodo/nottohavedone/nottobedoing/nottobedone/nottohavebeendone

不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式

①不定式的进行式由tobe+V-ing构成，用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。

eg.Somestudentspretended____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.

②不定式完成式由tohave+V-ed构成，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。

eg.---IsBobstillperforming?

---I’mafraidnot.Heissaid__________(leave)thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.

③不定式的被动式分为一般式被动tobeV-ed和完成式被动tohavebeenV-ed。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态。

eg.Itisanhonourforme_____________(invite)totheparty.

Thebookissaid_______________________(translate)intomanylanguages.

Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____intimeforChristmas.

A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceive

C.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving

二.不定式句法功能

1.作主语：

Tofindatruefriendisdifficult.

不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语

Itisdifficulttofindatruefriend.

Isitdifficulttofindatruefriend?

Howdifficultitistofindatruefriend!

不定式作主语常见句型：

a)Itis+adj.(easy,important,difficult…)+todosth.

b)Itis+n.(apity,apleasure,one’sduty,ashame)+todosth.

eg.It’sapleasuretogoshoppingatweekends.

c)Ittakes/needs/requires+sometime(hours,months,days,patience…)+todosth.

eg.Itrequirespatiencetobeagoodteacher.

2.作表语：

当句子的主语是aim,idea,policy,question,suggestion,wish,task,duty,job,purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。

eg.Ourmostimportanttasknowistomakeaplan.

注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。

eg.Theonlythingwecandonowiswaitandsee.

3.作宾语

Theteachersaid“Remembertobringthebooktomorrow!”

a)可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree,afford,tend,ask,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,intend,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish等

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋todo句式,常用动词有feel,think,find,believe,consider,make等。

如:Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.

Ithinkitdifficulttofindatruefriend.

b)不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but,except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except前面有do,does,did,todo时，通常省略to。

eg.Thebushadn’tcome.Wehadnochoicebuttowait.

=Wecoulddonothingbutwait.

4.宾语补足语

在主语+谓语+宾语+宾补句型中，许多动词都可以接不定式作宾语补足语。

a)通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to，常用于以下动词之后：ask,tell,advise,allow,permit,enable,expect,force,get,like,order,teach,want,invite,wish,beg等

Youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.

在谓语动词believe,find,think,feel,consider,suppose,imagine,prove等后面跟tobe…作宾补，不跟todo,有时tobe可省略

①WeallbelieveJohn(tobe)honest.
②Iconsiderhim(tobe)oneofthebestteachersofNo.1MiddleSchool.
但当不定式是完成式时，to不能省略，如：Weconsiderhimtohavebeenfoolish.

b)以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to

①使役动词，如：let,have,make等

②感官动词，如：see,watch,notice,lookat,listento,hear,feel,等

Don’tletthechildrentroubleyou.

Iheardsomeoneopenthedoor.

但当这两类动词为被动态时，不定式就成了主补。作主补的不定式必须加上to

Hisfathermadehimgotobedearly.

→Hewasmadetogotobedearlybyhisfather.

动词不定式省略to的情况还有：

a)wouldrather,hadbetter,whynotdo

Iwouldrathergoswimming.

Youhadbettertidyyourbedroom.

WhynotvisityourcousininJapan?

b)当两个动词不定式由and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan相连接时，通常情况下第二个to要省略

Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?

Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.

WehadnothingtodobutwatchTV.

=wehadnochoicebuttowatchTV.

(注：一般情况下作介词but,except后接todo，但是如果but或except前面有do,does,did,todo时，通常省略to。)

5.作定语

不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词。

以下几类情况常用不定式作定语：

①能带不定式作宾语的动词，其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。常见的有attempt,decision,promise,plan等

eg.Hehasn’tkepthispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.

②常与不定式搭配的形容词，其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。常见的有ability,determination,anxiety,eagerness等

eg.Hiseagernesstofinishhishomeworkwasquiteclear.

③序数词、形容词最高级或被only,last,next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语：

Shewastheonlypersontosurviveaftertheearthquake.

（Tips:不定式在作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。）

Eg.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.主谓关系

I’venotimetolistentoyourexcuse.同位关系

Shehasameetingtoattend.（动宾关系=attendameeting）

There’snothingtoworryabout.(动宾关系=worryaboutnothing)

6.作状语

⒈作目的状语
(1)①Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.
②Henryhasdecidedtogotothehospitaltobeexaminedbythedoctor.
(2)有时为了强调，不定式前可加inorder或soas。如：
Bobtookdownmytelephonenumbersoas(inorder)nottoforgetit.
有时为强调目的状语可把inorderto或不定式置于句首，但soasto不能这样用。在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为sothat,inorderthat,成为目的状语从句，如：

Istayedthereinorder(soas)toseewhatwouldhappen.

=Istayedtheresothat(inorderthat)Icouldseewhatwouldhappen.
⒉作原因状语

在部分表示感情色彩的形容词、过去分词或动词之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh,pleased,sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。
①Wearegladtohearthenews.
②Iwassurprisedtoseethatathree-year-oldbabycouldwritesowell.
在部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语

如：Thequestionraisedbythestudentisdifficulttoanswer.
Theroomisreallycomfortabletolivein.
常这样用的形容词有:easy,difficult,heavy,light,comfortable,fit,impossible等。
⒊作结果状语

Wecamehomeafterourholidaytofindourgardenneatandtidy.
不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。如：
①so…asto;such…asto
Imnotsostupid(afool)astoputitinwriting.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
Imnotsuchastupidfoolastoputitinwriting.
②enough…to
Theboyisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.

=Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
③onlyto用于表示意想不到的结果
Janehurriedbackonlytofindhermotherdyinginthehospital.
④too…to
Imtootiredtostayuplonger.
但在下列结构中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。如：
①Imonlytoogladtohavepassedtheexam.考试及格我太高兴了。（too修饰gladtohave…，相当于very）
②Wehavetoomuchtolearn.我们要学的太多了（不定式作定语）。
4.不定式短语还可作独立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。如：
Totellthetruth,theplaywasagreatdisappointmenttome.
常见的短语有tobeexact（确切地说），tobeginwith（首先），todohimjustice（说句对他公道的话），tobesure（真的）等等。

Eg.Totellyouthetruth,Idislikeyou.

7.作同位语

eg.Theordertostartthegeneralattacksooncame.

不定式的复合结构，以it为形式主语或形式宾语引导的复合结构，如果其前的形容词是指行为的性质就用：forsb.todosth.这种复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。

ItisnecessaryformetolearnEnglishwell.

如果该形容词是指行为的性质，同时又指行为的人，则用ofsb.todosth.。这种句式中的常用形容词有：right,wrong,brave,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,silly等。

eg.It’sverykindofyoutocometoseeme.

连接代（副）词+不定式（包括whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,不包括why），在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在诸如tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain等动词后作宾语,也可作主语或表语。

eg.NoonecantellmewheretofindJohn.

Whentostarttheexamisstillunknown.

Theproblemishowtogetenoughmoney.

动词不定式巩固练习

1.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.

A．expectedB．toexpectC．tobeexpectingD．expects

2._______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.

A．TosleepB．SleepingC．SleepD．Havingslept

3.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand_______them.

A．correctB．correctingC．correctsD．tocorrect

4.Themotherdidntknow_________toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.

Ａ．whoＢ．whenＣ．howＤ．What

5.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_________whethertheywillenjoyit.　

Ａ．toseeＢ．tobeseen　?Ｃ．seeingＤ．Seen

6.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_______.

　Ａ．itwhattodowith　?Ｂ．whattodoitwith

　Ｃ．whattodowithit　?Ｄ．todowhatwithit

7.―Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?

―Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.

A.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;made

C.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made

8.Theteacheraskedus__________somuchnoise.

A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake

9.Myadvisorencouraged______asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.

AformetakingBmetakingCformetotakeDmetotake

10.Themaninsisted_______ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.

A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding

11.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmstarshadleft.

A．totellB．tobetoldC．tellingD．told

12.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime_____theexam.

A．passB．topassC．passedD．passing

13.Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better______it—you’vegotsomebigbillscoming.

A.forgetB.forgotC.forgettingD.toforget

14.Helenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundofthemusic.

A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhear

C.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard

15.Youweresillynot____yourcar.

A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked

16.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.

A．tobeheardB．tobehearingC．tohearD．tohaveheard

17.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek_________TV.

A.towatchB.towatchingC.watchingD.watch

18.Thefluisbelieved_______byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.

A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.behavecaused

19.Imgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything________?

A.tobebuyingB.tobuyC.forbuyingD.bought

20.Victorapologizedfor__________toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.

A.hisbeingnotableB.himnottobeableC.hisnotbeingableD.himtobenotable

21.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.________theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.

A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having

22.Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.

A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnoted

23.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest______inayear.

A.followsB.followedC.tofollowD.beingfollowed

24.----IsBobstillperforming?

----Imafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial

A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft

25.Ithinkyou’llgrow________himwhenyouknowhimbetter.

A．likingB．tobelikeC．tolikeD．tobeliking

26.Whilewatchingtelevision,__________.

A．thedoorbellrangB．thedoorbellrings

C．weheardthedoorbellringD．weheardthedoorbellrings

27.Itwasunbelievablethatthefanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust_______alookatthesportsstars.

A.hadB.havingC.tohaveD.have

28._________moreaboutuniversitycourses,call(920)746-3789.

A．TofindoutB．FindingoutC．FindoutD．Havingfoundout

29.Idontwant_______likeImspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.

A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded

30.Soontheysawtheboy_________inthecrowd.

A.disappearB.todisappearC.disappearsD.disappeared

31.Didyounoticethelittleboy__________away?

A.tookthecandyandrunB.takethecandyandrun

C.takingthecandyandrunD.whotakingthecandyrunning

32.Iheardhim__________so.

A.saysB.sayingC.sayD.said

33.ProfessorBlackhadus__________compositionseveryFriday.

A.towriteB.writtenC.writeD.writing

34.MrsSmithmadeherpupils__________thetextthreetimesaweek.

A.reciteB.recitedC.recitingD.torecite

35.Shewasseen__________modelshipsintheroom.

A.madeB.tomakeC.makesD.make

36.Birdsareseldomheard__________atnight.

A.singB.singingC.tosingD.tobesinging

37.Theareoplanewasnoticed__________atsix.

A.takeoffB.totakeoffC.getoffD.togetoff

38.MrCrossettwasmake__________histeachingbecauseofhispoorhealthandoldage.

A.giveupB.giveinC.togiveupD.togivein

39.Thebookissaid__________intomanyforeignlanguages.

A.tohavebeentranslatedB.tohavetranslated

C.tobetranslatingD.havingbeentranslated

40.TheMarquiswasthought_________someterriblewrongstohistenants.

A.ofdoingB.thathehaddoneC.tohavedoneD.tohavebeendone

41.Doyouthinkitdifficult__________ahorse__________?

A.totrain,jumpingB.training,forjumping

C.totrain,jumpD.totrain,tojump

42.Mycarhasbrokendown.Wouldyouhelpme__________?

A.togetthecartostartB.getthecarstart

C.togetthecarstartedD.gettostartthecar

43.Heorderedtheroom__________.

A.tosweepB.tobesweptC.shouldsweepD.swept

44.TellTomandJack_________eachother.

A.notquarrelB.nottoquarrelwith

C.tonotquarrelwithD.theynotquarrel

45.Hewouldlikethem__________everyday.

A.topracticeB.topractiseC.practicingD.practicing

46.---“Areyougoingtoleavingnow?”

---“Unlessyouwouldpreferme__________here.”

A.tostayB.willstayC.thatI’llstayD.staying

47.Whatapity!Onecannothelp__________sorryfortheinjured.

A.tofeelB.oneselftofeelC.feelingD.oneselffromfeeling

48.Nothingcould__________theboyfrom__________thetallbuilding.

A.prevent,riskingclimbingB.prevent,riskingtoclimb

C.stop,riskclimbingD.keep,riskingclimb

49.OnSundaysIprefer__________athometo__________out.

A.tostay,goB.staying,goC.staying,goingD.tostay,going

50.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear,itisworth__________.

A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit

51.Thenoveliswell__________.

A.worthtoreadB.worthbeingread

C.worthytoreadD.worthyofbeingread

52.Ididn’tfeel__________goingoutforawalk.

A.soB.asC.ratherD.like

53.You’dbetter_________herthesadnewsnow.

A.nottotellB.won’ttellC.nottellD.don’ttell

54.I’dratherlosethegame__________.

A.nottohurthimB.nothurthimC.thantohurthimD.thanhurthim

55.Alicesays_________tonight,becausetherewillbeanexamtomorrowmorning.

A.she’drathernotgoB.she’dnotrathergo

C.she’llrathernotgoD.shewon’trathergo

56.Tomdidnothingbut_________backwhathehadsaid.

A.takenB.tookC.takingD.take

57.Thereseemednothingelsetodobut__________adoctor.

A.tosendforB.sendforC.callforD.tocallin

58.---“Iusuallygotherebytrain.”

---“Whynot__________byboatforachange?”

A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing

59.HaveIanychoicebut__________asyoutellme?

A.todoB.doC.doingD.I’lldo

60.---“Wouldyouliketogowithusforapicnictomorrow?”

---“Yes,__________.”

A.IwouldlikeB.I’dliketogoC.I’dloveD.I’dliketo

答案：1-30BABABCBDDCBDADBDCCBCDACACCCAAA

31-60BCCABCBCACDCBBBACACBDDCDADBDAD

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高二英语MainlyRevision教案

2011高一英语学案：M3U2project（牛津译林版必修3）
Learningcontent:ProjectM3U2
LearningAims:1.Trainthestudents’writing,readingandspeakingabilities.
2.GetthestudentstotalkaboutwritingabookletaboutChinesecharacters.
3.Getthestudentstocooperatewithothers.
Learningdifficultiesandimportantpoints:Howtohelpthestudentsfinishthetasksofwritingandspeaking.
PeriodOne:课前预习：
Ⅰ。TranslateChineseintoEnglish
1.与……不同_________________________2.代表_________________________
3.组成_______________________________4.根据________________________
5.总体来说________________6.由……构成_________________________
7.失明____________________8.在战争时期_________________________
9.实用用途___________________________10.致力于______________________
11.有自己的盲文版本___________________________

Ⅱ。ReadthearticleatP38andanswerquestions.
1.HowoldistheChinesewriting?
2.WhoinventedChinesecharacters?
3.HowwasChinesewritinginvented?
4.WhendidtheChinesegovernmentsimplifiedcharacters?

III.Readthepassageagainanddividethepassageintoseveralparts,thengivethemainideaofeachpart
Para.1.__________________________________________________-
Para.2._____________________________________________________
Para.3-6_______________________________________________________
Para.7-8_________________________________________________________

自主学习过程：
1.ThechineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthat,insteadofanalphabet,itusecharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.
which引导的定语从句修饰先行词characters.
differfrom和……不同，不同于
e.g.FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisrespect.
AdiffersfromB=AandBdiffer=AisdifferentfromBA和B不同
differin在……方面不同
differwithsbabout/on/oversth在某事上与某人意见不同
inthat在于，因为，引导原因状语从句
e.g.Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher.
standfor代表，容忍，支持，主张
e.g.The“PO”standforPostOffice.
I’mnotstandingforitanylonger.
Ihatedtheorganizationandallitstoodfor.

standby袖手旁观standdown退出比赛standout显眼standupfor支持，维护
standupto勇敢面对，经得起
deed行为，行动
Abrave/charitable/evildeed

2.Chinesewordsareformedbyputtingtogetherdifferentcharacter.
form形成，构成，组织，养成，培养（v）形状，外形，形式，表格（n）
e.g.Ican’tformanyideaoropinionaboutit.
Oneshouldformagoodhabitofreadingwhenyoung.
Pleasefillthisforminink.

Amatterofform例行公事，礼节问题intheformof以……的形式
aftertheformof照……的格式inform表现正常，情况良好
taketheformof采取……的形式beoutoftheform处于不良的竞技状态

3.Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting……
hunt打猎，追寻
e.g.ahuntingdoggohunting
beonthehuntfor正在寻找，在寻求……中thehuntforsb/sth寻找某人、某物
huntfor/after追逐，寻找，搜索ahunterforfame一个追求名誉的人

4.Somecharactershavebeensimplifiedandothershavebeenmademoredifficultovertime.
simplify使简明，使简易，简化
e.g.trytosimplifyyourexplanationforthechildren.
simplification简化simplified简化的
overtime久而久之，随着时间的推移，over强调一种动态的时间
e.g.thecolourofthecarpetwillnotfadeovertime.

5.Sometimestoexpressideas,somecharacterweremadebycombiningtwoormorecharacterstogether.
combine使结合，使联合
combinesthwith/andsth把……和……联合起来
e.g.canironcombinewithwaterandoxygentoformrust?

6.It’seasytodistinguishtheirmeaningbylookingatthem.…………“up”and“down”,whichareoppositesofeachother.
distinguish①区分，分辨，分清distinguishbetween……and……=distinguish…..from…..
e.g.Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?
②使具有……特色，使有别于……
e.g.Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?
③看清，听出，认出
e.g.Icouldnotdistinguishherwords,butshesoundedexcited.
④使出众，使著名distinguishoneselfas作为……而使某人杰出
e.g.Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.
distinct有区别的，不同的distinction差别，不同，区分，分辨
distinguishable可辨别的distinguished杰出的，著名的，高贵的，有尊严的
opposite①对立面，反面(n)
e.g.Hotandcoldareopposites
②相反的，迥然不同的,对面的，另一边的(adj)
e.g.Shetriedcalminghimdown,butitseemedtobehavingtheoppositeeffect.
Theshopisontheoppositesideofthestreet.
③与……相反，在……对面(prep)
e.g.Thepeoplesittingoppositeuslookedveryfamiliar.
thecompleteopposite恰恰相反quitetheopposite正好相反
(be)oppositeto与……相对，和……相反

7.Thoughthesekindsofcharactersindicatemeaning,oneoftheirshortcomingsisthat……….
Indicate①指示，标示
Thereisasighindicatingtherighttofollow.
②象征，暗示……的可能性
Theredskyatnightindicatesfineweatherthefollowingday.
indicatesthtosb向某人暗示，表明某事
Indicatethat……..显示，象征
Shortcoming缺点，短处，
Everyonehashisownshortcoming.

8.Inthosedays,booksforblindpeopleusedpaperpressedagainstmetalwiretoformletters.
Press按，压，榨，挤(v)记者，新闻界（n）
press…against/on…..把……按在……上
presssthintosth把某物压入某物中
presssbtodosth督促某人做某事
Ihadtopressmyselfagainstthewalltoletthempass.
Shepressedthemoneyintohishand.
Shepressedhergueststostayalittlelonger.
Thestorywasreportedinthepressandontelevision.

9.Thewholesystemwasnotconvenientforuse.
convenient便利的，方便的，附近的，容易到达的
beconvenientforsb/sth对某人、某物来说很便利
Ifitisconvenientforsb如果某人方便的话
Atyourconvenience在你方便的时候
e.g.I’mafraidthisisn’taconvenientmomentforyoutoseehim.

10…………….duringtimesofbattle.
battle斗争，战役，奋斗，较量
e.g.Knowtheenemyandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithnodangerofdefeat.
acceptthebattle应战gainabattle战胜
Battleagainst与……战斗battlefor为……而战

11.Eachletterofthealphabetwasrepresentedbyadifferentpatternwhichconsistedoftwelvedots.
pattern方式，形式，图案，榜样，样板
e.g.thediseaseisnotfollowingitsusualpattern.
Theclothhasapatternofredandwhitesquares.
Thesuccessofthecoursesetapatternforthetrainingofthenewemployees.
Step2Exercises
Fillintheblankswiththephrasesfromtheboxbelow.
overtimeaccordingtodifferfrominthatthiswayturn…into
asawholedevelop…into
1.OldEnglish_______greatly_____themodernEnglishweusetoday.
2.Lifeontheislandhaschanged__________becauseofthegrowingnumberoftouristswhovisititeveryyear.
3.______________thetickets,thetrainwillleaveat8:30.We’dbetterhurrytogettothestationontime!
4.Shesaiditwastheteacher’spraiseandencouragementthat______her______agoodstudent.
5.Installthisspellchecksoftwareonyourcomputer.Youwillavoidmakingspellingmistakes__________.
6.Consideringyouridea____________,Ithinkitwillcontributesignificantlytothedevelopmentofthecompany.However,itmaycausesomeproblemsaswell.
7.Iwaslucky_________IwasabletofindwhatIwanted.

Step3Homework:
1.DoPartsB1andB2onpage93inworkbook.
2.DoPartsD1andD2onpage95inworkbook.
3.Reviewwordsandphrasesinthisunit.

高二英语Understandingeachother教案

虚拟语气（TheSubjunctiveMood）

虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气.

虚拟语气是英语语法中的难点。考生应主要掌握虚拟语气在下列情况下的用法：

①虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法；

②在宾语从句中的用法；

②在状语从句中的用法；

④及主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中的用法；

⑤在一些特殊句型中的用法等。

一、用于非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

。

If从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

与过去事实相反

haddone

wouldhavedone

与现在事实相反

did/were

woulddo

与将来事实相反

did/were

shoulddo

weretodo

woulddo

注意点：

1.省略If当条件状语从句的谓语含有were,had,should时，可以将它们放在句首，省略if。

1.Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

=Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

2.Ifyouwerethemanagerhere,whatwouldyoudo?

=___Wereyouthemangerhere_______________,whatwouldyoudo?

______Ifitshouldrain____/_________Shoulditrain____tomorrow(如果明天下雪),wewouldputoffourcelebration.

__Ifyouhadattended______/___Hadyouattended______________thelecture(如果你听了讲座),youcouldhaveknownthespecialcustoms.

2.错综时间条件句

当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为"错综时间条件句",动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整

1）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice，hewouldrecoveralready．如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）

2）IfI___were______(be)you，I__wouldn’thavemissed___(notmiss)thefilmlastnight．

3)Iftheboy__________hadn’tsaved_(notsave)thisafternoon,hisfamily_wouldn’tbe_(notbe)inpeacenow.

4)Ifyouworked(work)hardnow,you_wouldget___(get)agoodjobinthefuture.

5)Ifhehadn’tbeencaught(notcatch)intherainyesterday,he______wouldn’tbe__(notbe)illnow.

二．虚拟语气用于某些从句中的情况：
1）在主语从句中
在It+be+形容词/名词+that从句的结构中，由于某些形容词/名词的原因，that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式"should+动词原形"或是"动词原形"。

这类形容词/名词常见的有：important（重要的）,necessary(必要的）,strange（奇怪的）,natural（自然的）,essential（绝对必要的）,urgent（紧急的）,advisable(明智的),regretful（遗憾的）,duty（义务、责任）,apity（遗憾）,nowonder（难怪）,aregret（遗憾）：
Itisstrangethathe___say______________(say)so.

Itisagreatpitythatyou____think_____________(think)so.
Itisnaturalthatabird___rest_________(rest)intrees.
Itisnecessarythathe___besent___________(send)toBeijingrightaway.

另外，下列结构中主语从句的谓语动词也要求用虚拟语气：
Itisorderedthat…(根据命令、要求……),Itisproposedthat…(人们建议……)
Itisdesiredthat…(最好、需要……),Itisrequestedthat…(人们要求……)
Itissuggestedthat…(有人建议……),Itisrecommendedthat…(有人推荐……)
Itisdemandedthat…(根据要求……),等。例如：
ItissuggestedthattheEnglishevening_beheld________(hold)onSaturday.

2)在宾语从句中
一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+v，或者将should省略。以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。(order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire)

Heproposedthatwe_set________(set)adeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.
Theyrequestedthatwe__send___________(send)adelegationtotheircountry.
Isuggestedthathe___set_______(set)offforourheadquartersstraightaway.
注意：当insist表示“坚持说”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。

Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe__was________(be)quitesatisfiedwithwhatIhaddoneforhim.

Heinsistedthathe_was__________(be)honest.

3)在表语从句和同位语从句中
名词suggestion（建议）,proposal（提议）,order（命令）,recommendation（推荐），advice(建议)等后面所接的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用"(should)+动词原形"：
Mysuggestionisthathe__leave_______(leave)forLondonatonce.

Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe__put_________(put)onaplayattheEnglishevening?

4)在状语从句中
asif、asthough（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从句，如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,过去用haddone,现在用did/were,将来用woulddo

Theyaretalkingasifthey__hadbeen_________(be)friendsforyears.

Theteachertreatsthestudentsasifthey_were_________(be)hisownchildren.

Theyaretalkingandtalkingasifthey____wouldn’tmeet_____(notmeet)again

5)在Itis(high)timethatsbdid/weresth从句中"该是……的时候了",

Itistimethatwe__got______(get)readyforthefinalexamination.

Itishightimethatwe__had_______(have)ourlunch.

6)在Ifonly/wish…从句中"要是……就好了"、"但愿……"

过去：haddone现在：did/were将来：woulddo
Ifonlyhe____wouldfind_______(find)asatisfactoryjobafterhisgraduation.

IfonlyI__were_________(be)arichmannow.

Ifonlyhe___hadcome________(come)thismorning.

7)wouldratherthat“宁愿”过去：haddone现在/将来：did/were

Iwouldratheryou_paid______(pay)menow.

Iwouldratheryou__hadgone_________(go)yesterday.

Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_came________(come)tomorrow.

一：动词填空

1.IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldgotherewithhim.

2.IfI_hadworked________(work)hardintheschool,Iwouldbe(be)acollegestudentnow.

3.Hadhefollowed(follow)youradvice,hewouldhavepassedtheexaminations.

4.Ifyoushouldnotcome/came/werenottocome(notcome)heretomorrow,we_wouldcancel_________(cancel)themeeting.

5.Ifmotherhadhad(have)yesterday,she_wouldhavebought________(buy)meapresent.

6.----Ifhehadbeenwarned__(warn),hewouldn’thavetaken__(nottake)thatfood.

----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

7.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwehaddriven____(drive)inturn,you_wouldn’thavegot_____(notget)sotired.

8.Ifyou__hadtaken__(take)yourmedicineyesterday,youwouldbe(be)wellnow.

选择题：

1.Wedemandedthatwe__________ofanychangeintheplan.

A)informedB)wouldbeinformedC)beinformedD)hadbeeninformed

2.It’snecessarythathe_________arecognizedqualification.

A)hasB)haveC)hadD)having

3.Itshightimewe____________ourattentiontothisproblem.

A)turnedB)turnC)hadturnedD)wouldturn

4.Ifonlyyou__________himwhatIsaid!Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.

A)didnttoldB)hadnttoldC)wouldnottellD)wouldhavenottold

5.Muchlaborwouldhavebeensavediftheelectroniccomputers_____________before.

A)hadinventedB)wereinventedC)shouldhavebeeninventedD)hadbeeninvented

6._____________ceaseadvertising,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.

A)WeretheytoB)CouldtheyC)IftheyD)Wouldthey

7.You____________theclothes!Wehaveawasherwomantodothatsortofthing.

A)shouldnthavewashedB)mustnthavewashed

C)cannothavewashedD)neednthavewashed

8.Jeandoesntwanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldntbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.

A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)couldhavegot

9.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios______after11oclockatnight.

A)werenotplayedB)nottoplayC)notbeplayedD)didnotplay

10.Youdonthavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou_________onbusinessfirst.

A)wouldgoB)willgoC)wentD)havegone

11.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney___________tofundtheproject.

A)becollectedB)mustbecollectedC)wascollectedD)canbecollected

12.Ifonlythecommittee__________theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.

A)approveB)willapproveC)canapproveD)wouldapprove

13.IdontthinkitadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A)isassignedB)willbeassignedC)beassignedD)hasbeenassigned

14.You_________herinherofficelastFriday;shesbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.

A)neednthaveseenB)musthaveseenC)mighthaveseenD)couldn’thaveseen

15.Itisrecommendedthattheproject_________untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.

A)isnotstartedB)willnotbestartedC)notbestartedD)isnottobestarted

16.IwishI________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.

A)couldhavesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept

17.I________hertothepartybutIdidntknowherwell.

A)oughthaveinvitedB)wouldhaveinvitedC)shouldinviteD)mayhaveinvited

18.You________totowntoseethefilmlastweek.ItwillbeonTVtomorrow.

A)needntgoB)shouldnotgoC)hadbetternotgoD)neednthavegone

19.Withallthisworkonhand,he__________tothecinemalastnight.

A)mustntgoB)wouldntgoC)oughtnttogoD)shouldnthavegone

20.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms___________backbeforethedeadline

A)mustbesentB)wouldbesentC)besentD)weresent

21.________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepassword

ofyourE-mailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.Whatrequires

C.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

22．Thechairmanthought_____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
23.---Dontyouthinkitnecessarythathe_______toMiamibuttoNewYork?

----Iagree,buttheproblemis________hehasrefusedto.

A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;that

C.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what

Answers:CBABDADBCCADCDCABDDCCBB

高二英语Thebritishisles教案

高二英语Thebritishisles教案
TeachingPlan
Unit5TheBritishIsles
ReadingTHEBRITISHISLES
Teachingobjectives
1.Knowledgeobjectives:Tohelpthestudentsknowaboutthehistory,geography,climate,languagesandcultureoftheBritishIsles.
2.Abilityobjectives：Enablethestudentstodescribeaplacetoothersintheirclass,usingtargetlanguage.
3.Moralobjectives：ToletStudentshaveabriefunderstandingofcultureoftheBritishIsles.
4.Learningstrategies：Tosomeextend,studentsdeveloptheabilitiesofstudy,effectivecommunication,dealingwithinformationandthinkingandexpressinginEnglish.
Teachingimportantdifficultpoints
1.Toimprovethestudents’readingability.
2.Howtoletthestudentsmastertheknowledgeofnounclause.
3.Todevelopsomebasicskillsofdescribingaplace.
Teachingmethods
Listening,skimming,groupwork,task-basedapproach
Teachingprocedures
Step1:Warmingup
ShowsomepicturesofUK.

Step2:Answeringquestions:
1.WhatdoesUKstandfor?(TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland)
2.DoyouknowhowmanypartstheUKismadeupof?(Scotland/England/Wales-----Britain+NorthernIreland-----theUK+theRepublicofIreland----theBritishIsles)
3.WhatisthenationalflowerofUK?(Rose)
4.WhatisthecapitalofUK?(London)

Step3:Pre-reading
Listentothetapeanddiscussthesequestionswithyourpartnerandreportyourwork.
1.WhatarethemostimportantfactsaboutUK?
2.HowmanycountriesmakeuptheBritishIsles?（Two.Scotland/England/Wales—UK/Ireland）
3.WhatisGreatBritain?GreatBritainisreallyanationofdifferentcountriesheldtogetherbyacommonlanguageandculture.
4.What’stheweatherintheBritishIsleslike?TheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.Scotlandiscolderthroughouttheyear.Italsohasplentyofrain.
5.FromwheredidthecultureofthepeopleintheBritishIslesreceivemuchinfluence?TheEuropeanmainland
6.WhoconqueredGreatBritainin1066?What’stheresultofitsinfluence?
French.TheresultwasthatthereweremanyFrenchwordsintheEnglishlanguage,suchastable,animalage.
7.WhicharethefirsttwocountriesthatjoinedtheUK?EnglandandWales.
8.WhatlanguagedopeoplethroughouttheBritishIslesspeaknow?English

Step4:While-reading
Getthestudentscomprehendthepassagequicklyandaccurately,andmeanwhiledividethewholepassageintoseveralpartsandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.
Part1(Para.1-2)GeneralintroductiontotheUK(showthemapandletthestudentspointdoexercise1)
Part2(Para.2)TheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.
Part3(Para.4-5)ThecultureofthepeopleintheBritishIsleshasreceivedmuchinfluencefromtheEuropeanmainland.
Part4(Para.6)TheUnitedKingdomhasalonghistory.
Part5(Para.7)SixspokenlanguagesareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesaswellastwolocalaccents.

Step5:Languagefocus:
1.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFishChip,theSpeakers’Corner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast.
“standfor”means“tobeasignorshortformof,represent,mean”
e.g.ThelettersNBCstandforNationalBroadcastingCompanyInc.
2.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.
e.g.Ourclassismadeupoftwentygirlsandtwenty-fiveboys.
3.…therehasbeenagrowingmovementtomakethemostofitsculturaldiversity.
“makethemostof”means“putsomethingtothebestpossibleuse”
e.g.Hedoesn’tdowellbecausehedoesn’tmakethemostofhisability.
4.TheBritishIslesisagroupofislandsthatliesoffthewestcoastofEurope.
“lieoff”means“tostaynotfarfromtheshoreoranothership”
e.g.Wecouldseetheshiplyingofftheharbor.
5.ThelargestislandiscalledBritain,whichisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel,whichareatonepointisonly20mileswide.
e.g.Sheisatthepointofthedeath.
6.TherearesixspokenlanguagesthatareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesplustwolocalaccents.
“beconsideredtobe”means“beregardedas”
e.g.Heisconsideredtobeaweakleader.
7.Theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.
“beofgreatvalue”means“beveryvaluable”
e.g.Acollegeeducationisofgreatvalueinone’slife

Step6Post-reading
TrueorFalse
(F)1.ManypeoplearoundtheworldstudyEnglish,andtheyknowalotaboutBritishculture.
(F)2.GreatBritainismadeupoffourcountries.
(T)3.TheislandofBritainisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel.
(F)4.Scotlandiscolderthroughouttheyear,butreceiveslessrain.
(T)5.PeoplefromdifferentpartsofnorthernEuropesettledinEngland,sothecultureofthepeopleoftheBritishIsleswasinfluencedbythem.
(T)6.ThesouthernpartofIrelandisnowanindependentrepublic.
(F)7.Inmoderntime,peoplethroughouttheBritishIslesonlyspeakEnglish.

Readthepassageagainandtrytofillintheblanks.Workingroups..
TheBritishIsles
consistofTwolargeislands:OneiscalledIrelandandtheotherBritain
weatherTheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.
cultureThecultureofpeoplehasreceivedmanyinfluencesfromtheEuropeanmainland,suchasinEnglishlanguageyoucanfindmanyFrenchwords.
historyTheUnitedKingdomhasalonghistory.ThefirsttwocountriesformingtheUnionwereEnglandWalesin1536.In1707ScotlandispartoftheUnitedKingdom.
languageInmoderntimes,peoplespeakEnglishthroughouttheBritishIsles.TherearestillpeoplespeaktheolderEuropeanlanguages.
WelshandIrish.TherearesixspokenlanguagesthatareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesplustwolocalaccents.
Checktheanswers,andthenletstudentsfinishanothergroupwork:
ImaginethatyouaregoingonafourweektripthroughtheUK.Makeatravelingplaninwhichyoudescribewhereyouwillgoandwhatclothesandthingsyouwilltake.

Step7Homework
1.Completetheexercises.
2.Findtheclausesledby“that”andanalyzethosesentencesafterclass.
3.Writeacompositionaboutdescribingaplaceandhanditinnextweek.

高二英语theVincentVanGoghExhibition教案

Chapter6TheVincentVanGoghExhibition:Don’tMissIt!-Reading
一、章节分析（ReadingSection）
（一）综述
本章节的reading部分通过一篇艺术评论来探讨梵高的绘画艺术特点和他的生平。在reading的教学中应该在学生能了解梵高的生平的同时，尽量引导学生理解梵高的绘画风格与特点，能用英语进行表述，并最终可以实现对梵高的画作进行评论的目的。
本课的主要任务有两个：
1对课文进行整体阅读，把握文章的整体脉络。培养略读（获取大意）、扫读（整理有关信息）、细读（分析篇章结构，概括中心）等阅读能力。并通过阅读掌握大意，了解梵高的生平，了解其绘画的艺术特点。
2通过本课的学习提高绘画的艺术鉴赏能力，并可以用英语进行表述。

（二）阅读目标
1知识目标
学习课文中的重点词、词组、句型和语法。尤其对描述人物生平和绘画类的词汇有一定的了解与掌握。
2能力目标
提高学生在文章中寻找具体信息能力，培养阅读技巧。学会通过段落的意群迅速地判断段落的主旨，找出相关的信息。
3情感目标
帮助学生理解艺术，尤其是梵高的绘画艺术，提高审美能力与艺术的鉴赏力。

（三）教学方法
采用多种媒体相结合的方式，增加教学的直观性，每一节课的设计目的明确、有一定的侧重进行教学组织。通过对梵高绘画的歌曲理解，配合直观的画作，到具体的语言表述和理解，达到真正意义的理解和鉴赏效果。同时，通过一定的阅读技巧训练使学生迅速掌握并较流利地表述梵高的生平。

（四）重点和难点
1词汇学习
1）核心词汇
work
exhibition
critic/review
fame/famous
reputation
produce
masterpiece
purpose
career
sane/insane/sanity/insanity/mad/mentalhospital
express/expression/expressive
clarity
realistic/abstract
emotion/emotional
undoubtedly/nodoubt
2）拓展词汇
artgallery
thickstrokes
rough
visible
artdealer
missionary
priest
theNetherlands
religion
abandon
financial
3）词组和短语
deservethereputation
Hisfamedevelopedslowly.
possessthefame
produce800paintings
admirehiswork
viewthemasterpieces
lookforsomedeeperpurpose
turntoreligion
abandonthecareer
quarrelwithsomeone/arguewith
believein
takeone’sownlife=commitsuicide
havethechancetodosomething
Don’tmissthechance.
2句型学习
beasuccess
makesb.+v.(原型)
makesb.+a.

二、教学设计（TeachingDesigns）
教学内容教学实施建议教学资源参考
Pre-readingWhatdoyouknowabout?通过这一部分，使学生对艺术有一个初略的概念。并习得一些与艺术有关的词汇。（课件1A）
Skimming要求学生快速略读，获得课文的大概轮廓，能在有限的时间内运用skimming技巧，找到最基本的信息。（课件1A）
学习一些与课文中梵高绘画相关的词汇，扫清学习的障碍。（课件1A）

欣赏梵高的绘画，为下节课做准备
Google与百度搜索
While-reading这是本课的主体部分，也是教师要处理的重点。既要引导学生掌握梵高的绘画特点，还要引导学生了解梵高的生平，并学会重点词汇和句型。
通过歌曲填词等多媒体手段，欣赏梵高画作。
与课文研读结合，归纳出梵高的绘画风格。


说明：课件2A开始是对梵高一首歌曲的填词，第一遍是听歌，挖空要求学生填词，第二遍是核对。课件2B是这首歌曲，随着课件A播放2遍。
运用Scanning的技巧，请学生搜索有关梵高生平的相关信息，并填写表格。（课件3）
播放一遍课文磁带，促进学生对通篇课文的理解和把握。
之后，再通过对缩写的课文进行填空，以及对梵高生平重要事件进行做选择题的方式，对课文中所提及的梵高生平进行更深层次的理解、记忆和归纳。（课件3）
请学生结对子操练复述梵高的一生。（课件3）

对重点的单词、词组进行学习、理解与操练，完成Findthemeanings,进一步巩固单词、词组的意义与用法。
完成Readandthink的练习,再次巩固学过的课文内容。Google与百度搜索；

《牛津英语教学参考》
Post-readingDiscussion课文拓展。先请学生复述梵高的生平。再展示梵高的一些典型画作，请学生对这些梵高的画作进行评论。这是检测学生知识迁移能力的最好方式。Google与百度搜索

说明：A艺术与梵高绘画引入
B梵高绘画
1.完成Whatdoyouknowabout?习得与艺术相关的英语词汇。探讨学生所喜欢的艺术形式，探讨所在城市学生可以观看的展览，并谈论一些学生所熟知的艺术家。
2.略读，通过标题、图片与第一段，回答问题，掌握文章的大意。
3.学习一些与绘画及课文相关的词汇，扫清学习的障碍。（掌握并了解work,exhibition,anartgallery,amissionary,superior,amentalhospital,sane,masterpiece和decade等词汇的意义和基本用法。）
4.欣赏梵高的绘画，为之后的课文学习做铺垫。

说明：A梵高画风
B梵高画风歌曲
1.听梵高的歌曲，对空缺的词进行填写。同时观赏梵高的画。
2.再一次听梵高的歌曲，核对答案，并对一些有关绘画的词汇进行理解。
3.研读课文中对梵高绘画的评价，配合梵高的画作进行理解。
4.对梵高绘画的特点进行归纳。

说明：梵高生平
1.运用跳读的技巧，查找有关梵高生平的事实。并训练学生的阅读技巧。
2.播放磁带，促进学生对通篇课文的理解和把握。
3.教师对梵高的生平进行缩写，挖去重要的信息，要求学生根据课文内容进行填空，加强巩固与记忆。
4.教师把有关梵高生平的重要事件编成选择题，请学生选择，测试学生对所学到事实记忆的准确性。
5.请学生两人一组结对子，练习复述梵高的一生。促进学生对梵高生平有更深层次的理解、记忆和归纳。