小学英语复习课教案

发表时间：2021-01-11

高考英语精品复习：短文改错。

俗话说，凡事预则立，不预则废。作为教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助教师有计划有步骤有质量的完成教学任务。写好一份优质的教案要怎么做呢？经过搜索和整理，小编为大家呈现“高考英语精品复习：短文改错”，供大家参考，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

高考英语精品复习：短文改错

短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力，观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合运用能力。短文改错的趋势：1.改错短文以记叙文和说明文为主。2.文章内容贴近学生生活，没有生僻词汇和复杂的结构，文章简单易懂，错误设置也很简单，多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。3.短文一般100词左右，错误有9处。4.常见错有三种:错词、多词、缺词。错词占60%左右1.错词2.多词3.缺词4.正错错词多词缺词正错2007年全国卷I71112007年全国卷II高考资源网71112007年陕西卷I6211

一．错词的热点1．动词—时态语态非谓语；主谓关系。2．联系词—关系代词和关系副词；连词；连接词。3．名词—可数名词、不可数名词，可数名字的单复数变化。4．介词—介词和动词的搭配错误。5．形容词/副词—词类错用。6．冠词—定冠词和不定冠词的错用。7．代词—人称代词；物主代词；反身代词。8．惯用法—固定句型，固定短语。二．多词和缺词热点1.冠词2.介词3.副词4.代词5.关联词6.小品词to

1.语言材料取自于学生的习作。

2.短文为贴近学生生活的话题或学生身边事。

3.短文难度符合学生水平。

4.语言简单易懂。

5.没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。

一．错词1.动词错误：（1）时态和语态、主谓一致的错误。整体时态：*ThenIaskhim“Grandma,howcomeyouhavesomuchlinesonyourhand”全文为故事，故ask改为asked。*Highoverthewater,theydiscoveraholeintheballoon.Theholebecamebiggerandbigger.全篇使用过去时态，故改discover--discovered主谓一致

*Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy.动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形式makes。*Butthemostwonderfulthingaboutjackwerehismusicalability。主语为themostwonderfulthing故此，系词为was*Butnotallinformationaregoodtosociety.主语不可数，所以动词用is。（2.）动词错误：*InAmericanbigcities,thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.(buy)根据句子意思，数千人买票去看比赛。故sell改为buy。（3）非谓语动词动名词错误

*Iamlookingforwardtoseeallofyouagaininthenearfuture.(seeing)解析：to为介词，故此see改为seeing*Notonlyplayfootballmakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogivesusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.解析：主语应为动名词，故playfootball改为playingfootball现在分词

*Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.解析：分词做定语，故keeps改为keeping*Ifoundasmallhousestandinginafieldwithalightshonefromthesittingroom.解析：withalightshone改为withalightshining。alight和shining为主动关系。不定式

*Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.(become)解析：helpsbdosth故改becoming为become*Hedidnotwantsharethingswithothers.解析：wanttosharesth.want后可跟不定式做宾语。过去分词*Ihavesomerecordsgivingtomeasbirthdaygifts.解析：havesthdone,somerecords和give是被动关系，故改为given。2．连词错误：*Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.解析：根据句意，“我看到他们中的一个人走进厨房，并且打开灯。”两个分句子之间是并列关系。故改but为and*Wewouldreturnatnighttohearthathe`dpickedupfromtheradiointheday.解析：考查宾语从句，pickup缺宾语，故改that为what*Theclasseshelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks解析：根据句子意思，“这些课程有助于我了解世界是怎么运转的”故改what为how。*Hewassilentforamoment.Soheansweredslowly:“Eachoftheselinesstandsforatrouble”解析：根据句子意思，So改为Then/And3.形容词/副词错用：*Youalwaysgavemespeciallyattention.

解析：名词应该被形容词special修饰。*Itisrealagoodchancetohavemetallofyouhere.解析：副词really修饰系词，故改real为really。*Myhometownhastakenonanewlook.Howgreatithaschanged!解析：great修饰动词，故改为：greatly4.冠词错误：*ThisismyfirstvisittoaAmericanfamily.(an)解析：American第一个音标的音素是元音，故用an.*Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.解析：有定语修饰，the特指captain.*Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.解析：固定搭配catchsightof.故此去掉冠词a。5.代词错误：反身代词*Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,…解析：主语和宾语相同，故此me—myself。形容词性物主代词*Besides,theforeignteachershereworkhardandtryhisbesttomaketheactivitieslivelyandinteresting.(his--their)解析：主语是第三人称复数，因此tryone`sbestit/that/them/us*Ithoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinwhichplayerskickedaballtoeachother.解析：that不可以做形式主语，故改为it。*Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.前后人称错误。故此改them为us.6.名词单复数和名词的所有格的错误*Shemarkedstrictlyonstudent`sperformance.(students`)解析：根据句意，学生们的表演，故改为students`performance*Physicsisoneofthemostdifficultsubjectforus(subjects)解析：oneof说明后面为复数形式。*WepracticethreetimeseveryweekandoftenwatchfootballmatchonTVtogether.解析：常常看比赛，故此match改为matches.*Ihavenopaperstowriteon.解析：纸不可数，所以改为paper7.介词错误*HeleftShanghaiatacoldnight.解析：一天的部分被修饰时，介词用on,*Iamanewcomerofasmalltown.解析：根据句子意思，来自一个小镇comefromasmalltown.*Iwascaughtbytherainlastnight解析：固定短语becaughtintherain遇上雨。8.语意错误*Thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames.解析：句子意思：数千人卖掉票去看足球或者篮球比赛。故此错误，sell—buy*Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryoneliketoplay.解析：句子意思：并非所有的人都喜欢工作，并且所有的人喜欢玩。语意错误，应该为转折关系，and—but二．多余词高考资源网

多词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词等。连词多余：*Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.解析：连词多余，故此去掉(that)，原句是状语从句。介词多余：*ThecrowdwaitingfortogreettheminEnglandwasverysurprised.(for)解析：没有宾语，所以去掉for。冠词多余：*SuddenlyIcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.解析：固定短语，catchsightof:偶然看见。系词/助词多余：*Mymotherwasasked:“Haveyoutakenmedicine?”解析：根据句意，是妈妈问：故为主动语态。三：缺词

缺词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词/缺介词*Hewaslookingforaglass^thecupboard(in)解析：根据句意，inthecupboard做状语。缺冠词*However,thepopularteacherisat^sametimetheonewhoshouldbestrictwithstudents.(the)解析：形容词same和the搭配使用,故给same前加the。缺连接词

*Inoneclass,Ilearned^itrained(why)解析：根据句子意思可知，缺连接词，句意为：“在一节课上，我知道了下雨的原因”。缺系词

*What^yourfavoritesport?(is)解析：句子中缺系词，在What加is.

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行做出判断，如无错误，在刻行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正；该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行在边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词

注意：原行没能错的不要改

Passage1

　MissChina

GuanQi,a21-years-oldcollegestudentfromJilin高考资源网1.______高考资源网Province,hadwontheMissChina2003beautypageant2.______

inSanya,HainanProvince,onSeptember21.3.______Besidesjudgedontheirlooks,the32competitors4.______

weretestedontheirwriteability,Englishskills,5._______

team-workandgenerallyknowledge.MissGuanQi6._______

impressedthejudgeswhopresentwithherexcellent7._______

repliesduringthequestionoranswersection.Shewill8._______represent(代表)ChineseinthefinalofMissWorld9._______

tobeholdinginSanyaonDecember6.10._______Passage2

　TodayIshowedsomeforeignfriendaroundourcity.1.________

WestartedoffincarfromtheFriendshipHotelat8:00a.m.2._______

WefirstgottoJinshanPark.Weareallstruckbyits3._______

beautifulflowersonshow.Then,wevisitedtheCityMuseum.4._______

Wesawplentyofvaluablethings,fromthatwelearnedalot5.______

aboutthecity.Afterthat,theydrovetoJinshanTemple.Thatis6._______

abeautifulplaceofinterestinourcity,butthereweenjoyed7._______

thewonderfullysceneryofthesea.Wehadadeliciouslunchatthe8._______

seafoodRestaurantandwereturnedbackatnoon..Alltheforeign9.______

friendswerepleasedwithmyarrangement.Wedidhavethe10_____

wonderfultimetoday.

Passage3

DearMr.Brown,

Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.1______

Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestin2______

English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould3_____

onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater,4_____

InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.Igotalotfromyour5____

encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyou6.____

said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo1!”Ihopeyou`ve7____

hadpleasantjourneyhomeandwillcometochina8_____

againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagain9_____

andsendyouthephotoswetaketogether10______

passage4

Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhile1_____

Studyingatschool.Oneofthemwasthat2_____

theycanearnmoney.Forthemostpart,3______

studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirown4____

use.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthem5_____

tospendonanythingasiftheyplease.6_____

theywouldhavetoasktheirparentsfor7____

moneyorforpermissiontodothingsby8____

themoney.Somestudentsmayalsotosave9____

upforourcollegeorfutureuse.10______

passage5

DearMr.Brown,

Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.1___

Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestin2_____

English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould3____

onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater,4____

InowthinkEnglishfuntolearn.Igotalotfromyour5___

encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyou6____

said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo1!”Ihopeyou`ve___

hadpleasantjourneyhomeandwillcometochina___

againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagain9____

andsendyouthephotoswetaketogether10____

passage6

DearAnish,

HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity1.______

Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondonandit2______

hasaverybigschoolyard.Youcanliveintheschool3____

orneartheschool.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.4______

I`msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.Iknowyou5___

areparticularinterestedinhumanrights.SoIwill6____

seethatthereisanythingontheirwebsite7____

IwillsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport8____

whenyouarrived.Youmethimafewyearsago,buthe9___

haschangedalotsincethen.BothyourauntorIlook10___

forwardtoseeingyouagain.

passage7

DearRalph,

I’maseniorstudent.Ihavebeinlovewithaboy　1______

forthreeyears.

Butheisashyboy,soIwrotehimaletterfirstly　2._______

toexpressmyfeeling.Andhewroteback.Inhisletter　3______

hesaid,“Wearestudents.Ourtaskisstudy.Letuswait　4________

toseeuntilwehaveanychanceaftergraduation.”So　5.______

aftergraduationIcalledtohim,askinghimabout　6.________

goout.Buthesaidhedidn’twantto.Hejust　7.________

wantedtosleepandwatchedTV.　8._______

WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Doyouthink　9.______

Ishouldcontinuetolovehimandgiveup?　10______

Sheila

Passage8

Myhometownisaprettycity,sopeoplethere1._____________

arekindandpolite.Withcomingofspring,grassand2._____________

treesturngreen,andflowersgrewinmanycolors.3______________

Insummer,theseaundertheblueskyisevenmore4______________

beautiful.Afterautumnarrives,thecitylooksas5._____________

anoldmanwithleavesfallenfromthetrees.Inwinter,6._____________

alotofwhitebirdscometomycityforfood.Ican7._____________

waitmorepatientlyabovetheseaforquitealong8.______________

time.Whiletheyfindfishcomingtothesurface,9._____________

theyflydownimmediateandcatchthemwithout10.______________

delay.Thatismycity,andIloveitsomuch.

passage9

Deardoctor,

MynameisWangLin.I’mamiddleschoolstudent.Ihave

aproblemandI’mwritingtoaskyouforsomeadvices.1._________

I’mjust1.57metershigh,andmyweightis71kilos.Many2.__________

Studentsoftenmakefunme.Someboysareunfriendlytome.3._________

Theycalledme“MeatBall”.Thatmakesmefeelunhappy.4._________

I’mnowworryaboutmyweight.ThoughIamabittoofat,I5.__________

feelrathergood.Ienjoymymeals.Iloveeatingmeatvery6._________

much.AndIlikesweetfood,either.Ioftenhavesugarwith7._________

tea,milk,porridge,andevenhotwater.Inthepasttwomonths8._________

Ihaveputoff5kilos.I’mworriedaboutthisproblem,9.__________

butIdon’tknowwhattoloseweightquickly.Pleasehelpme,10_________

deardoctor!Ihopetohearfromyouassoonaspossible.

Withbestwishes,

WangLin

Passage10

Women，presentandancient，atthehomeand1．______
abroad,wearlonghair,thataddstotheirbeauty．Butfew2．______
peoplerealizeitaffectsherbrains．Hairgrowsconstantly．3．______
Ittakesinnourishment(营养)constantly．Ifitwasshort4．______
ofnourishment,it’lldieandfallsoff．Bodysupplieshairwith5．______
nourishment,itcan’tbestoppedeveninaminutes．Ifittakesin6．______
toomany,thatmeanshairhasalreadyusedtoomuch7．______
nourishmentwhichbodygivesittothehead．Astimepasses，8．______
brainisrelativelyshortofnourishment．Itleadsdizziness9．______
(头昏)．Thereforeone’sbrainswillbeweakened．10．______

Passage11

It’seasytogodownhillthantoclimbuphill：soit’s1．____
easiertofallintobadhabitsthanintogoodone2．____
Badhabitsdon’tcomesuddenly．Itcomelittleby3．____
little．Schoolboysfirstpicksupalittleinschoolandon4．____
thestreets．Whentheycannotwritetheirhomework，they5．____
copyfromtheirschoolmate．Iftheyseebiggerboys6．____
smoking，theyalsowantlearntosmoke．Whenthey7．____
getbigger，thehabitsbecomestrongeror8．____
stronger，sothattheycannotlongergetridof9．____
them．Whatnecessaryitisthatwegetridofthebad10．____
habitsinthebeginning！

Passage12

FredandIhaven’tmanyincommon.Isometimes　1.__________

wonderwhywewerefriendsatall.Fredis　2.__________

alwaysbusymakethings.Everythinghemakesis　3.__________

soperfectthatIsometimefeelenvyathisskill.4.__________

MytroubleisthatI’moneofthoselazypeople.5.__________

Outsidemyworkattheoffice,theonlythingwhich　6.__________

interestsmeislisteningtothemusic.Ihavea7.__________

bigcollectionofrecordsbutalldaylongthe8.__________

onlythingIcanthinkiswhenI’mgoingto　9.__________

gethomelistentoanewpiece.10.__________

passage13

Marywasanuniversitystudent.Shedidn’thavemuch1____

moneyandherparentswerenotrich,andshehadanuncle2.____

whohadbeenfortunatelyenoughtocollectgreatwealth.3.____

HealwaysgivehervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresents.4.____

Whenheruncle’sbirthdaycameround,Marywantedbuyhim5.____

somethingreallyspecial,butbecauseshewasrich,shedidnot6.____

knowhowtogethim.Shewentintothebestshopinher7.____

townandexplainedwhatherproblemwastooneofhelpful8.____

shopassistants.Finallysheasked,“Whatdoyouhavefor9.____

someonewhohasalreadygoteverythinghewantsorneeds.10

Theassistantsigheddeeplyandanswered,“Envy,onlyenvy.”

Pasasage14

Astheworldentersthe21stcentury,thedevelopmentinthe1_____

scienceandtechnologywillbringusmuchmorenewhopesand2_____

chancewe`veneverimaginedbefore.Peoplearehopinghave3_____

apeacefullyandhighlydevelopedworld.Tocatchupwith4_____

thenewdevelopmentandtobesuccessinthenewcenturythe5____

youngergenerationisrequiredtohavedifferentkindofskills6____

andabilities,suchlikethecomputerscienceandtheEnglish7____

language.Otherwiseonewillbeleftbehind.Youngpeopleshould8____

studyevenhardatschoolandpreparethemselvesmentally9____
andphysicallytomeetwiththechallengeofthenewcentury10____

Passage15

MarkTwainwasborninasmalltownofHorid.Whenheisonly1___

twelveyearsold,hisfatherdied.Latehebecameariverboatpilot.2_____

MarkTwainwasherpenname.DuringtheAmericanCivilWar3_____

Heworkedasareporterandwritealotofstories.Graduallyhe4____

madehismarkandhisworkwerepopular.Hebecameoneofthe5_____

bestknownwriterofthe19thcenturyintheU.S.A.Inhislife6____

MarkTwainwrotethenumberofstoriesandnovels,onwhich7____

“AdventureofTomSawyer”isthemostfamousone.Hiswritings8____

havebeentranslatedtomanyotherlanguages,andtheyare9_____

deeplylovebythereadersallovertheworld.10___

KEY:1　

1.21-years-old-----21-year-old2.hadwon-------won3.√4.∧judged------being5.written------writing6.generally-----general7.去掉who或who∧---were8.or-----and9.Chinese----China10.holding----heldKEY2

1.friend-friends2.in–by3.are—were4right5.that—which6.they-we7.but—and8.wondefully—wonderful9back/10the—a

KEY3

1.with—for2.not—no3terribly—terrible4.years—years5.is6

Right7./to8a9sometimes—sometime10take–took

KEY4

Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhile___advantages

Studyingatschool.Oneofthemwasthatis

theycanearnmoney.Forthemostpart,

studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirownwork

use.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemallows

tospendonanythingasiftheyplease.╱if

theywould∧havetoasktheirparentsfornot

moneyorforpermissiontodothingsbywith

themoney.Somestudentsmayalsotosave/to

upforourcollegeorfutureuse.their

KEY5

DearMr.Brown,

Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.for

Beforeyoucametoteachus,Ihadnotinterestinno

English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icouldterrible

onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater,years

InowthinkEnglish∧funtolearn.Igotalotfromyouris

encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysrememberwhatyouright

said,“Ifyoutryto,youcanbeNo1!”Ihopeyou`ve/to

had∧pleasantjourneyhomeandwillcometochinaa

againsometimesinthefuture.Iwillwriteagainsometime

andsendyouthephotoswetaketogethertook

KEY6

DearAnish,

HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.___is___

Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondonandit___far___

hasaverybigschoolyard.Youcanliveintheschool__right__

orneartheschool.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.___courses___

I`msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.Iknowyou__it__

areparticularinterestedinhumanrights.SoIwill___particularly__

seethatthereisanythingontheirwebsite___if/whether__

IwillsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport_to___

whenyouarrived.Youmethimafewyearsago,buthe__arrive_

haschangedalotsincethen.BothyourauntorIlook__and_

forwardtoseeingyouagain.

Key7

DearRalph,

I’maseniorstudent.Ihavebeinlovewithaboy　1　been　

forthreeyears.

Butheisashyboy,soIwrotehimaletterfirstly　2.　first　

toexpressmyfeeling.Andhewroteback.Inhisletter3.feelings

hesaid,“Wearestudents.Ourtaskisstudy.Letuswait　4.to/studying

toseeuntilwehaveanychanceaftergraduation.”So　5.if/whether

aftergraduationIcalledtohim,askinghimabout　6.to

goout.Buthesaidhedidn’twantto.Hejust　7.going

wantedtosleepandwatchedTV.　8.watch

WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Doyouthink　9.√　

Ishouldcontinuetolovehimandgiveup?　10.or

Sheila

Key8

1.so--and2.thecoming3.grew---grow4.right5.as--like6fallen--falling7.I--They8.去掉more9.While—When10.immediate---immediately

Key9

1advices–advice2and—but3of4called–call5worry—worried6good–well7either–too8right9off–on10what–how

Key10

1．去掉the2．that─which3．her─their4．was─is5．falls─fall6．minutes--minute
7．many─much8．去掉it9lead后加to10．√
Key11

1．Easy--easier2．(one)-ones3．It--They4．picks-pick5．right6．Schoolmate-schoolmates7．tolearn93．or--and9.not--no10．What-How
Key12
1)many--much　2)were--are3)make--making4)sometime--sometimes　5)right　6)which–that7)去掉the8)but--and9)think后加about10)listen前加to

Key13

1.an—a2and—but3fortunately—fortunate4give—gave5tobuy6.she—he7how-what8thehelpful.9assistant--assistants10right

Key14

1.inthescience–inscience2.much—many3.hopingto4.peacefully-peacful5.success—successful6.kind—kinds7.like—as8right9hard—harder10去掉with

Key15

1is—was2Late-later3.her—his4.write—wrote5work—works6.writer—writers

7.the—a8.right9to—into10.lovedJAB88.COM

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短文改错专题复习

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[复习讲义]
英语复习短文改错专题
NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：一．以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断（错词、多词、少词和正确），而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。二．以篇为单位，找句中错误。许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：
一．时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1．Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.(NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时，此句中was虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。
例2．Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(NMET’2000)
此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered保持一致，须改为calmed。
例3．Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(NMET’93)第一个is与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二．主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4．Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
(NMET’2000)主语为AandB时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。
例5．Thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.(NMET’93)主语为AorB时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，become应改为becomes.
例6．Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong…(NMET’98)此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三．平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7．Playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.(NMET’98)依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文makes保持一致，改为gives.

例8．Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.(NMET’96)此句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行，故改为drive。
四．数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9．Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,
Chinese…(NMET’97)quiteafew只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10．They…askedmelotsofquestion.(NMET’96)与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.
五．主饰一致句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9，例10外，还有
例11．…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(NMET2001)
all若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。
例12．Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedme
success.(NMET2000)all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate应为schoolmates.
例13．Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…(NMET’99)
Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14．I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(NMET’95)修饰名词，应为awonderfultime.
六．指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15．TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
(NEMT’96)TheSmiths为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16．IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(NMET’97)
此处应为作主语的关系代词which.
例17．AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.(NMET’95)
此处I应作介词的宾语，故改为me才可保持一致。
七．语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18．Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(NEMT’94)
与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。
八．搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19．IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.(NMET’2000)后
跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.
例20．Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(NMET’97)
lookforwardto中to是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。
例21．Butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.(NMET’2000)
与其后ornot保持一致时应用whether。
例22．Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.(NMET2001)
inanyotherwords意为“换言之”，应为inotherwords。
九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例23．Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(NMET’2000)
上下文看，应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为and。
例24．Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(NMET’99)
从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone改为everyone或everybody.
例25．Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.(NMET’98)通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.

[实战演练一]
⑴MostfamiliesinChinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwill76．_______
haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.77．_______
Sodoteachersinschools!Manychildrenaregivensomuch78．_______
homeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports.79．_______
Thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy.No80．_______
wondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons.Someeven81．_______
attackorkillhisparentsandteachers!Ibelievemanypeople82．_______
alreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines.83．_______
Shouldn’twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents?Nowour84．_______
governmentismakingoutaplantosolvetheeducationproblems.85．_______

⑵Nowadays,almosteveryfamilyhasTVset,andalmost76．_______
everyonelikeswatchingTV.TVhasbecomepartofourlives.77．_______
TVhasmanyadvantages,forexample,itinformsusthe78．_______
latestnewswhichishappeningintheworld;itcanopenour79．_______
eyes,enlargeourknowledgeandalsohelpustoseemore80．_______
abouttheworlD．But,italsohassomedisadvantages.People81．______
wastetoomuchtimeinwatchingTVandhisnormallife82．_______
andworkareaffecteD．Tothechildrenwhotheyspendtoo83．_______
muchtimeinwatchingTV,itcandoharmfultotheirsight84．_______
andhealthy.SoweshouldcontrolthetimeofwatchingTV.85．_______

⑶AfewmonthsafterreturningtheUSfromGermany,Itook76._______
partinacollegecourseinFrench.SinceIhavelearned77._______
tosayGermanwellinGermany,Ithoughtitmightbe78.______
interestedtobeginstudyinganotherlanguage.Atthe79._______
firstclass,theteacheraskedustodoapronunciation80._______
exerciseinithewouldsayawordortwoinFrench,and81._______
eachstudentwoulddotheirbesttocopy.Whenhegotto82._______
me,hekepthavingmetosaymorewords,andI83.______
finallyaskedhimwhy.“Ifinditgreatfun,”sheexplained84._______
it.“In25yearsofteachingatschool,it’sthefirsttime85._______
I’veheardanAmericanspeakFrenchwithaGermanaccent.”
⑷TheHuaiheRiverhasbeenseriouspolluted.Dayandnigh76._______millionsoftonsofwastewaterisbeingpoureddowntofrom77._______?hundredsoffactories.Thewastewaterisharmful.Atpresent　78._______?thereisnofishinit.Theriverwatercannotbedrunk.Peoplein79._______
eitherbankhavetodigwellstotakedrinkingwater.TheHuaihe80._______　
Riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledon’tdareswim81._______?init.Somethingmustbedonetostoppingthepollution.The　82._______?governmentandthepeopleneartherivermusttrytoclearwater83._______
assoonaspossible.Nowspecialattentionhaspaidtothe84._______
pollutionbythegovernmentandmorescientists.Thepollution85._______
willbepreventedinthenearfuture.?
⑸DearAbby,
Howareyou?TodayI’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.76._______
IhaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaformy77._______
furthereducation.Onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam78._______
forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.However,79._______
myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstme80._______
goingthere.Theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme81._______
forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.They82._______
can’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudy83._______
inthecapitalinstead.ThenI’llbeabletocontinuelivingwith84._______
them.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?85._______Bestwishes,
Jane
⑹Aperson’sagenolongertellsyousomethingabout76.________hissocialposition,marriageorhealthy.There’snolonger,77.________
aparticularyearwhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.________
workorgetsmarriedorstartafamily.Thesocialclock79.________
thatkeptusontimeandtolduswhengotoschool,get80.________
ajob,orstopworkingisn’tasstrongasitwasusedtobe.81.________
Itdoesn’tsurpriseustoheara28-year-olduniversity82.________
presidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,or70-year-old83.________
manwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.Whatwe84.________
allknow,public’sideasarechangingnowadays.85.________
⑺Itisdifficultforparentstoteachyourchildrentoberesponsible76.________
(有责任的)forhousework,butwithoneofthefollowedsuggestions,77.________
youreallycangetyourchildrenhelpyouathome.Ifyougiveyour78.________
childrentheimpressionwhichtheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,79.________
thentheywillregardthemselvesunfitorunablepersons.Unlessthey80.________
believetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependence.81.________
Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.Talkabout82.________
whatthey’vedoneright,butaboutwhattheyhaven’tdone.Ifyour83.________
childrencompleteadifficulttask,reward(酬劳)himwithaSunday84.________
triporaballgameofDad.85.________
⑻BeforeIwenttoseniormiddleschool,somepeoplestold76._______
me.“Alifeofseniormiddleschoolisunforgettable.”77._______
WhileIfirstenteredmyseniormiddleschool,everything78._______
seemedunpleasant.Faceallthestrangethingsaroundme,79._______
Ioftenmissmyoldfriendsandclassmates.Ididn’twant80._______
totalkothersormakefriendswithothers.Littlebylittle,my81._______
schoolrecordwentfrombadtoworse,especiallymy82._______
maths.Icouldn’tevenpasstheexam.Ilosttheheartand83._______
missedthehappytimesalldaylong.Itoldme,“Idon’t84._______
belongtoit.Idon’tlikethelifehere.”85._______
⑼TomandDickarenextdoorneighbourwhowork76.________
inthesameofficesotheywalkedtogethertoandfrom77.________
office.Somedayastheywerewalkinghometogetherit78.________
suddenstartedtorain.Tomquicklyopenedhisumbrella79.________
andsaid,“Mywifesurelyhasforesight(预见).Shesaid80.________
onthismorningitwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymy81.________
umbrellawithme.”Dicksmiledandwalkedtohim,said,82.________
“Mywifehasevengreatforesight.Shetoldmenotto83.________
carryanumbrellaandassheknewyouwouldcertainly84.________
havewithyou.”85.________
⑽DearSirorMadam,
Iseeyouradvertisementinastudentmagazineand76.______
I’minterestingtoknowmoreaboutyourdivingcourses.77.______
Firstofall,IshouldexplainthatalthoughIcanswimI’m78.______
notveryconfidentinthewater.Butyoumentionedyour79.______
advertisementthatyourinstructorsarefullqualified(称职),80.______
soIbelievethey’llabletoteachsomeonelikemetodive.81.______
Ihaveoneweek’sholidayinthethreeweekofJune82.______
andwouldliketoknowthatifthere’sacourserunningat83.______
thattime.Howmuchdoesaweek’scourseworth?Finally,84.______
ifIdecidetogoahead,arethereanyspecialequipmentI85.______
needtobuyoriseverythingprovidedbyyourcompany?
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.
Sincerelyyours,
Tom
⑾DearXiaohua,
ItisfourdayssinceMotheracceptedtheoperation.76._______
Sheisfeelingmuchmorebetter.Thedoctorstoldme77._______
theoperationwassuccessful,butbecauseheroldage78._______
shehadtostayinhospitalforothertwoweeks.The79._______
doctorsalsosayitwasquitenecessaryforherto80._______
doso.Weexpecttogetafullreportintwoandthree81._______
days.Pleasetellthegoodnewstotherestoffamily82._______
assoonaspossible.Youneedn’ttocomehere.I’m83._______
abletolookafterMotherbymyself.You’dbetter84._______
sendflowerstoMother.Shewillfeelhappily.85._______
Yours,
Xiaohui

⑿FootballismostpopulargameinEngland:onehasonly76._______
togotooneoftheimportantmatchtoseethis.Richand77._______
poor,youngandold,onecanseethemallthere,shoutand78._______
cheeringforonesideortheother.Oneofthesurprised79._______
thingsaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhegreat80._______
knowledgeofthegamewhichstillthesmallestboyseems81._______
tohaveit.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmost82._______
oftheimportantteam,hehasphotographsofthemand83._______
knowtheresultsoflargenumbersofmatches.Hewilltell84._______
youhisopinionwhichisusualasvaluableasthatoftheadults.85._______
⒀Climbingismyfavouritesport.Iamveryfoodit,76._______
especiallyinlaterautumn.Onedayearlyinthemorning,77._______
myfriendsandIputonoursportsshoesandstartoff.78._______
Afterclimbingforhalfanhour,wegotatthetopof79._______
themountain.Therewehadagoodviewmilesaround.In80._______
thenorth,abigrivercrossedthecity.Thereweremany81._______
shipssailbusily.Alotofbeautifultreeswerethere,too.82._______
Thesunstartedtogodown,foritwastimeforus83._______
togoback.Ontheroadback,wewerelaughingand84._______
talkingallthetime.Wehadagoodtimeonthatday.85._______
⒁BeforelunchAllenhappenedtoseeamanfishedin76.______
aditchaboutfivemetreoutsideabar.Allenstopped77.______
regardedhimlikeafoolishman.Allen’sheartwentout79.______
ofhim.Hesaidkindlytofish-catcher,“Hello,will80.______
youpleasedomeafavorandhaveadrinkwithme81.______
inthebar?”Themangladlyreceivedhisinvitation.82.______
Afterbuyingthemanseveralcupssoft-drinks,83.______
Allenasked,“Youarefishingthere,right?MayI84.______
knowhowmuchfishyouhavecaughtthismorning?”85.______
“Youarethenumber8,”saidthemanhumorously.?
⒂Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangry?If76.________
yourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwiththem77.________
aboutit.Rememberingnottoshoutatthem.Theyusually78.________
willtrytochange,buttheywilltakesometimebecause79._________
theygetangryalltheirlife,andthatisalltheyknow.You80._________
mighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.81._________
Doanynicethingsforyourparentsthattheydon’texpect82._________
—`likecooking,doingthedishes,washingclothes,orclean83._________
thefloors.Ifthisdoesn’twork,bringinfriendthatyou84._________
feelcomfortable,andhavehimorherhelpyou.85._________
⒃InFeb.2nd1979,China’sVice-premier76．_______
DengXiaopingwasatavisittotheU.S.77．_______
HewasinthespaceflightcenterneartoHouston78．_______
Texas.Satinthepilot’sseatofamodelof79．_______
aspaceshuttle（航天飞机）,hewas
askedtotouchabutton80．_______
tomakeitlandingontheearthfrom81．_______
aheightof95,000feet,thathedid.From82．_______
windowsofthecraft,hecouldseetheearth83．_______
cominguptomeethimasareturnedspacepilot84．_______
wouldseeit.MillionsofpeopleinbothChinaand
theUSwatchthisonTVwithdelight.85．_______
[实战演练二]
A
We’llneverforgetadaywhenmyclassmatesand1.____
Ipaidavisitachemistryfactory.It2.____
wasalargeonewithnearly20,000workers.Itlooks3.____
likeagardenandwesawcolorfulflowers,grassandtrees4.____
there.Wealsovisitedsomeworkshopandfoundworkers5.____
workinghard.Wetalkedtothemandlearnedalotof.We6.____
understoodthemfurther.Onthewayhomewefeltverytiring,7.____
butweboththoughtwehadaverygoodday.8.____
Wereallyhopedwhatwecouldgetmorechances9.____
ofleavingtheschoolandlearnaboutsociety.10.____
B
Thechildrennextdooroftenplaythefootballin1.____
thegardenaftermyhouseandsometimesbreakmy2.____
windows.LastSaturdayafternoonIstayathomeand3.____
readabook.Afterawhile,Iclosedmyeyesandwent4.____
tosleep.Aloudknockonthedoormademetowake5.____
upsuddenly.Soonalittleboyturnedout.“Youhaven’t6.____
brokenoneofmywindowagain?”Iasked.“Oh,no!”7.____
answeredtheboy.“Yourwindowswereallopenedthis8.____
timeandourfootballisinyourbedroom.Couldyou9.____
mindgettingintogetourball?”Iwasatalossatthe10.____
moment.
C
Ieverworkedasatourguide.OnedayIsawadvertisement1.____
onthenewspaper.Irangupthecompany,and2.____
Iwasgiventhejobimmediate.Theyaskedmetotake3.____
atouraroundthecitythenextmorning.Themanager4.____
justtoldmetosayanythingthatIcouldthinkaboutthe5.____
city.Myfirsttouristerrible.Theoldbuswasnot6.____
air-conditioned,becauseitwasthemiddleofsummer.It7.____
wasuncomfortableinsidethebus.Thetouristsoonbecame8.____
veryhotandangry.Iownedaveryhardtime.Istayedthere9.____
forafewweeks,andthenleftandjoinedinabetter10.____
company.
D
SueandAnnoftenmeetatacheaperrestauranttoeat1.____
andtalkingaboutlifeandschoolaftertheirmorning2.____
class.Sometimes,insteadoftalking,theyplaya3.____
gamethattheycallit“peoplewatching”.Theystartthe4.____
gameinobservingandlisteningtopeoplearound5.____
themcarefullyandmakeguessesabouttheirlivesas6.____
ages,jobs,likes,dislikesandsoon.Ofcourse,7.____
theyneverreallyknewwhethertheyarerightorwrong.8.____
Thereforetheyusuallyhavegoodreasonsforthinking9.____
thatwhattheyare.“Thegameisfun,”theyoftensay.10.____
E
Ataparty,itisquitenormalofsomeonetohave1.____
ashortconversationwithyouandthengoontotalking2.____
tootherpeople!Don’tthinktheydislikeyouorthey3.____
areimpolite.Ithasthecustomatmanyparties4.____
inBritain,particularlytherepeoplearestandinguprather5.____
thansittingdown.Herearetwowaysoffinishingconversation6.____
ataparty.“Excuseme.IthinkI’llgoandgetanotherdrinking.7.____
Seeyoulater,perhaps?”“Oh.Excuseme.I’vejustseen8.____
MaryJenningsoverhere.I’vegottodiscussameetingwe9.____
arebeenhavingonThursday.Wouldyouexcusemeforamoment?””10.____
F
Ifeltsadlyyesterdaywhenourteachertoldussomething1.____
aboutProjectHopeinclass.Ithassetuptohelpthe2.____
childreninthecountrysidewhocan’tpaytogoto3.____
school.AfterschoolIcamehome.IwaswonderingifI4.____
coulddosomethingfortheProjectthenIcaughtsight5.____
ofmoney-collectingboxonthetable.ThenImade6.____
upmymindstosendmypocketmoneywhichI7.____
hadsavedfornearlyoneyearforthechildrenwho8.____
wantedtogotoschool.Iwrotealettertothemand9.____
hurriedtothepostoffice.TogetherwiththeletterI
postedthemoneyandsentwithmybestwishestothem.10.____
G
LastnightwhenStevenandIwashavingawalkinthe1.____
Street,wesuddenlyheardapainfulcryforhelpunder2.____
atreenearby.Wequicklyrantothetreeandfoundaboylaying3.____
onthegroundwithastickinhisleg.Hehadfallenofthetree.4.____
Stevensuggestedwepulledthestickoutatonce,butIdisagreed,5.____
BecauseIhadlearnedlittleaboutfirstaidatschool.Thestick6.____
inthelegwouldhelpcontrollingthebleeding.Astherewas7.____
notelephone,wemanagedtofindataxi.Wetooktheboytothe8.____
hospital.Thedoctorsexaminedtheboyfastandwegotto9.____
knowwheretheboylived.Sowetelephonedhisparents
andleftafterhecametothehospital.Wedidagooddeed.10.____
H
LastsummerIlearnttorideabicycle.Atfirst?,Iwas1.____
unabletocontrolitsdirection.SometimesIfallto2.____
therightortotheleft.ButIworriedmyfathertotellme3.____
howIcouldridestraightly.Hedidn’tanswerme4.____
directly.Instead,hetookmetosideofthestreet.5.____
“Canyoufindsomebiketrackthatisreallystraight?”6.____
askedmyfather.Iwatchedmorecarefullyandshookmy7.____
head.“No?”hesaid,“infactneitherofthetracksis8.____
alwaysstraight.Butjustbycorrectthedirection9.____
everynowandthen,youhadalreadygoneforward.”10.____
I
Boysandgirls,
Attention,please.I’vegotagoodnewsforyou.Anewbook1.____
HowtoImproveYourEnglishisnowonsellinthe　2.____
nearbybookstore.XinhuaBookstore.Ithinkthebook3.____
isagreathelponourEnglishstudyandsuitablefor4.____
usmiddleschoolstudents.HereI’vegotit.Youmay5.____
gotohavealooktoseewhetheryoulikeitornot.Theprice6.____
isfiveyuanevery.Thosewhowanttobuythe7.____
bookshouldgetyourmoneyreadyfor.Byeleveno’clock8.____
tomorrowmorningthemoneyshouldbegiveeither9.____
tomenortoourLeagueSecretary.We’llgotobuythe10.____
bookstomorrowafternoon.

短文改错专题之答案
1.76.hoped→hope77.in→with78.do→are79.have前加to80.
去掉第二个to81.√82.his→their83.already前加have84.lesson前加a
85.making→carrying
2.76.has后加a77.lives→life78.us后加of79.which→that
80.√81.But→However82.his→their83.去掉they
84.harmful→harm85.healthy→health
3.76.returning后加to77.have→had78.say→speak79.interested→interesting
80.√81.it→which82.their→his83.去掉to
84.she→he85.去掉it
4.76.serious→seriously77.to→into78.√79.in→on
80.take→get81.such→so82.stopping→stop83.water前加the
84.paid前加been85.去掉more
5.76.去掉a77.have后加been78.exam→exams79.was→were
80.strong→strongly81.too→so82.去掉of83.live→living
84.√85.fact后加that
6.76.something→anything77.healthy→health78.which→when或which前加in
79.start→starts80.when后加to81.去掉was82.√
83.70-year-old前加a84.What→As85.public’s→public
7.76.your→their　77.followed→following　
78.children后加to　79.which→that　
80.themselves后加as　81.independence→independent　82.√　
83.but后加not　84.him→them　85.of→with
8.76.peoples→people77.A→The78.While→When79.Face→Facing
80.miss→missed81.talk后加to或with82.record→records83.
去掉第二个the84.me→myself85.√
9.76.neighbour→neighbours77.walked→walk78.Some→One79.
sudden→suddenly80.√81.去掉on82.said→saying83.great→greater
84.去掉and85.have后加one
10.76.see→saw77.interesting→interested78.√79.your前加in
80.full→fully81.able前加be82.three→third83.去掉that
84.worth→cost85.are→is
11.76.accepted→received77.去掉more78.because后加of79.other→another
80.say→said81.and→or82.family前加the83.去掉to
84.√85.happily→happy
12.76.is后加the77.match→matches78.shout→shouting
79.surprised→surprising80.√81.still→even82.去掉it83.team→teams
84.know→knows85.usual→usually
13.76.fond后加of77.later→late78.start→started79.at→to
80.In→To81.√82.sail→sailing83.for→so/and84.road→way85.去掉on
14.76.fished→fishing77.metre→metres78.去掉over.79.like→as80.to后加the81.√82.received→accepted83.cups后加of84.are→were85.much→many
15.76.√77.got→get78.Remembering→Remember79.they→it80.life→lives
8l.去掉for82.any→some83.clean→cleaning84.friend前加a85.comfortable后加with
16.76.On77.on78.去掉to79。Sitting/Seated80.∨81.land
82.which83.the84.returning85.watched

A1.a→the2.visit后加to3.was→is4.√5.workshop→workshops6.去掉of
7.tiring→tired8.both→all9.去掉what或what→that10.learn→learning
B1.去掉the2.after→behind3.stay→stayed4.√5.去掉第二个to6.out→up
7.window→windows8.opened→open9.Could→Would10.getting前加me或my
C1.saw后加an2.on→in3.immediate→immediately4.√5.think后加of
6.is→was7.because→and8.tourist→tourists9.owned→had10.去掉in
D1.cheaper→cheap2.talking→talk3.class→classes4.去掉it5.in→by
6.as前加such7.√8.knew→know9.Therefore→But10.去掉that
E1.of→for2.talking→talk3.or后加that4.has→is5.there→where6.finishing后加a7.drinking→drink8.√9.here→there10.去掉been
F1.sadly→sad2.has后加been3.pay→afford4.√5.then→when6.of后加my或the7.minds→mind8.第二个for→to9.wanted→want10.去掉with
G1.was→were2.help后加from3.laying→lying4.of→off5.pulled→pull6.little前加a7.controlling→control8.√9.fast→quickly10.he→they
H1.√2.fall→fell3.But→So4.straightly→straight5.side前加the6.some→any7.去掉more8.neither→none9.correct→correcting10.had→have
I1.去掉第一个a2.sell→sale3.√4.on→for5.it→one6.go→come7.every→each8.去掉for9.give→given10.nor→or

[复习讲义]短文改错专题

[复习讲义]短文改错专题
NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：一．以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断（错词、多词、少词和正确），而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。二．以篇为单位，找句中错误。许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：
一．时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1．Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.(NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时，此句中was虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。
例2．Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(NMET’2000)
此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered保持一致，须改为calmed。
例3．Today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(NMET’93)第一个is与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二．主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4．Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
(NMET’2000)主语为AandB时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。
例5．Thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.(NMET’93)主语为AorB时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，become应改为becomes.
例6．Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong…(NMET’98)此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三．平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7．Playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.(NMET’98)依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文makes保持一致，改为gives.
例8．Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.(NMET’96)此句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行，故改为drive。
四．数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9．Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,
Chinese…(NMET’97)quiteafew只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10．They…askedmelotsofquestion.(NMET’96)与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.
五．主饰一致句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9，例10外，还有
例11．…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(NMET2001)
all若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。
例12．Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedme
success.(NMET2000)all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate应为schoolmates.
例13．Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…(NMET’99)
Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14．I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(NMET’95)修饰名词，应为awonderfultime.
六．指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15．TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
(NEMT’96)TheSmiths为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16．IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(NMET’97)
此处应为作主语的关系代词which.
例17．AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.(NMET’95)
此处I应作介词的宾语，故改为me才可保持一致。
七．语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18．Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(NEMT’94)
与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。
八．搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19．IfeltsonervousasIshooklikealeaf.(NMET’2000)后
跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.
例20．Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(NMET’97)
lookforwardto中to是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。
例21．Butitdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.(NMET’2000)
与其后ornot保持一致时应用whether。
例22．Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.(NMET2001)
inanyotherwords意为“换言之”，应为inotherwords。
九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如come与go等。
例23．Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(NMET’2000)
上下文看，应为She---myEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为and。
例24．Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(NMET’99)
从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone改为everyone或everybody.
例25．Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.(NMET’98)通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.

高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导

2011高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导
一.知识总结与归纳：
短文改错解题指导：
首先要理解整个短文的含义，逻辑关系，篇章结构。在仔细研究每一句的意义。借助划分句子成分的方法判断每一部分是否有错误。读句子时一定以整句为单位。
在研究每一行的句子时，首先把握句子的意思，然后划分句子的成分：主语；谓语部分；宾语；状语：地点，时间，方式等。如果句子是并列句或复合句，先分开各部分小的分句，根据各个分句之间的关系判断使用的连词是否正确。然后再研究各个分句的成分。
（一）名词使用错误：名词一般在句中做主语或宾语，名词的错误主要在于名词单，复数的错误使用。
1.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese,Englishandphysics.：subject是可数名词根据本句的意思，前面有quiteafew修饰，应当改为复数形式。
2.WepractisethreetimeseveryweekandoftenwatchfootballmatchonTVtogether.：根据本句的意思match在此应当改为复数形式。
3.OnthewayupIwastakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.：picture应当改成复数形式，因为作者一路上忙于照相，不止仅照一张像。
另外还要注意名词所有格形式上的错误使用。
（二）动词的语法错误：
（1）作为谓语动词，注意谓语动词在时态，语态，与主语是否一致以及用词方面的问题。
1.Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourschoolteam.：全句的基本时态应当是现在时，was应改为am
2.Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.：主谓一致的错误。Give的主语是Playingfootball，动名词作主语是单数形式，应改为：gives
3.…thescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown.：时态错误。全句是过去时态，passes改为passed
4.Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.：动词形式的错误。句中有三个连续的动作做谓语。因此visit不是伴随状语，是第二个谓语动词，应该为visited.
（2）作为非谓语动词，现在分词，过去分词，动名词，不定式形式的使用错误，同时注意非谓语动词在平行结构中出现的错误。
1.Notfarfromthehotel,therewasashopwithallkindsofclotheshangup.：hangup在此做定语修饰先行词clothes，应改为现在分词形式表示挂着各种衣服。
2.Hehadworkedonfarmsandinshopswherehespenthissparetimestudiedbyhimself.：定语从句是说：他把业余时间花在学习上，按句型结构：spendsometimedoingsomething.所以studied应改为：studying.
（三）形容词，副词使用错误：注意1，形容词和副词的比较级，原级，最高级使用方面的问题；2，修饰比较级的副词的错误使用。3，以ing和以ed结尾的形容词的混用。4，形容词和副词的混用。
1.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.：形容词与副词混用。haveawonderfultime：过得非常愉快。Wonderfully改为：wonderful
2.Peoplewillworkfewhoursthantheydonow.：这是一个含比较级的句子。（句中有than），few改为比较级形式fewer
3.Computerswillbemoresmalleranduseful….：比较级smaller前面的修饰词应该是副词much。More与多音节形容词或副词原形构成比较级。More改为much
4.Lastweek,Iwenttoamovie,whichwasverymoved.形容词moved指人受到感动。本句的定语从句的主语是movie。应当是moving.
（四）连词使用错误：并列句连词and与but的误用是历年高考题中常考的内容。复合句如宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句中主，从句的连接词的误用根据主从句的关系可以发现。
1.MyclasswillbeoverbythenorIwillpickyouupthere.：前后两句的关系是并列关系or应改为：and
2.Mygrandmawasthebestcookintheworldbutcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.前后两句是并列关系不具有转折意义but改为：and
3.Itdoesn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.Matter后面的从句是whether…ornot结构。That改为：whether
（五）代词的错误使用：代词的使用错误主要出现在代词（物主代词，人称代词，反身代词）在句中指代错误，做代词与指代的名词在数，性别，以及格上的不一致。例题：
1.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
句子的主语theSmiths指Smith全家，是复数形式，谓语doone’sbest中的one’s作为物主代词应当和主语一致，his应当改为their.
2.AtonceIapologizedandcontrolledmeatmybesttillthedinnerstarted.
根据句子意思：我立刻道歉并且尽最大努力控制了自己。Control后面的宾语与主语一致，指同一个人，应改为反身代词myself.
3.Therewillbemorepeopleintheworldandmostofwhomwilllivelongerthanpeoplelivenow.
本句是and连接的并列句，whom连接的是定语从句。所以whom应当改为them.
4.Thesportteachesustheimportanceofobedience.Eachplayermustobeythecaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.
全句是以第一人称叙述的。所以they根据语境应改为we
（六）冠词的使用错误：冠词的使用错误主要表现在：the/a/an之间的误用；缺少冠词，多余冠词；这些错误通过对句义的理解，特别是句中名词的意义，运用所学的冠词的基础知识就可以发现并正确改正这些错误。
1.Aseveryoneknows,it’s∧famousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.
根据句义：这是一座名山。明显地发现这里缺少了表示“一个”的不定冠词。应在famous前加上a
2.Theyhadthewonderfuleveningandcamehomequitelate.
根据句义：他们过了一个非常愉快的夜晚。过得很愉快：haveagood/wonderfultime.The应改为：a
3.Hewroteamessageandputitinthebottle.Themessagegavehinameandaddress….
根据全句的语境：他把这个纸条放进一个瓶子里。此处bottle是泛指。The应改为：a
4.afterIputdownthereceiver,thephonerangthethirdtime.
根据句义：根据句义：电话又一次响起来。这里不是说“第三次”，而是指“再一次”。The改为：a
（七）用词不当的错误：这种问题主要集中在谓语动词的近义词的选择使用上。
1.IhavearrivedinAmericafortwomonths.
根据句义：我到美国有两个月了。Arrive是非延续性动词，不能在完成时中与for时间短语连用。应改为：been
（八）单词遗漏：根据句子意思，句中常缺少冠词，连词或介词。
1.Itwasaboutnoon∧wearrivedatthefootofthemountain.
Itwasaboutnoon是全句的主句，后面应是一个时间状语从句。表示：当我们到达山脚下时，已经是中午了。此处缺少了连词when
2.Ifitdoesn’twork,bringin∧friendthatyoufeelcomfortable∧,andhavehimorhelpyou.
根据句义：如果这还不奏效，那么带一个你与之在一起感到舒服的朋友来，friend前面缺少表示“一个”的冠词：a；定语从句最后应加上介词：with
（九）句中有多余的单词，根据句义和语法规则，常常有冠词，介词，连词，副词甚至代词多余的错误。
1.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.
本句前面已经有both，后面再出现two显然多余，应去掉two.
2.Youmighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.
Change在此是及物动词，表示“改变方法”，所以去掉for
3.WhenIwasaboy,themostexcitingthingwaswhentocelebratetheSpringFestival.
全句是说：最令人兴奋的事是欢渡春节了。When放在这里，句子显得不通顺了。应去掉when
4.Thefine-furniturestore∧Iworkhasbeeninbusinesssincethe1920s.：Iwork是定语从句修饰先行词Thefine-furniturestore，Thefine-furniturestore在从句中做地点状语，应加关系副词where.
完型填空解题指导
同学们做题时应先快速通读全文，了解文章的大意，使自己进入到文章的语境情节中去；然后结合每一组备选答案，通过句义运用词汇知识，上下文逻辑，以及相关的语法知识，短语知识选择答案，同时学会从文中找复现词的提示。做完以后，再通读全文，验证所选的答案是否能使文章的意思通畅，符合逻辑。
（一）学会利用前后文的复现词找答案，有时某一个空的答案在全文之后的某处根据句子意思再次出现，正好提供了此处的答案。词汇复现的方式主要有：原词复现；进义词复现；反义词复现，同源词复现等。
1.Forcingyourselftorecallalmostneverhelpsbecauseitdoesn’t__yourmemory;itonlytightensit.
A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce
分析：前后两句互为解释，一个是肯定；一个是否定。为反义词复现。从下文的tightens可以判断上文应该是：loosen。答案为：A
2.Onedayhetoldhishorsemanthatifhecouldrideonhishorseand__asmuchlandareaashelike,hewouldgivehimtheareaoflandhehadcovered.
A.removeB.coverC.sowD.get
分析：国王答应骑手可以得到他骑马能跑到的地方。与前面说的让骑手尽可能多得跑到他能跑到的地方。最后的cover提示了这个空的答案。
（二）上下文的逻辑关系：要求学生在作题时一定紧扣文章的情节，使答案能符合上下文的情景，保持上下文意思的通顺。
1.Sometimes,whenyouneedrain,youdon’tgetany.Othertimes,yougetrainwhenyoudon’twantit.Takeabaseballgameforexample.Asuddenrainstormcanstopanexcitinggame,forcingtheplayersandthe20,000personswatchingthegametorunfor_____.
A.coverB.umbrellaC.buildingD.home
分析：作者以棒球比赛为例说明了下雨对人们生活的影响。一场突然降临的暴雨迫使队员和2万名观众跑去“做什么”。在体育场的人不可能跑去拿“雨伞”或“回家”，去找“建筑物”也不太可能。cover：遮蔽，遮盖。在此引申为避雨的地方。所以答案为A
2.Travelingwest,yousetyourclock___;travelingeast,yousetitahead.
A.behindB.forwardC.backD.ahead
分析：这是一个时差方面的常识，与下文的ahead对应；向西旅行，应把表往回拨。答案：C
3.…Pacohasdiscoveredthatpeopleactinpredictablewayswhentheyareshopping.Successfulshopsadaptthemselvestothesehabits.Forexample,peopletendto_1__totherightwhentheyenterabuilding.Thatiswhymanyshopshavetheirentranceonthe__2_.Alsowhentheyentershops,peoplewhospeedupneedspaceto__3__down.Thatiswhythereisoftena（n）___4__spacejustinsideashopdoorgivingpeoplea___5__tomakethemselvesathome.
1.A.leadB.stickC.turnD.join
2.A.rightB.leftC.sideD.way
3.A.slowB.goC.lookD.put
4.A.emptyB.usefulC.standingD.living
5.A.lessonB.spiritC.pictureD.chance
分析：这一段讲述了商场根据人们购物的习惯而设置的入口处的布局。
1.考查了词语的搭配，人们倾向于向右转，turntotheright，答案为：C
2.考查上下文的逻辑理解；上文说人们习惯向右转，所以入口设计在左边，答案：B
3.考查上下文的逻辑理解；当人们匆匆进了商场，需要有一个空间来放慢速度。此空与前面的speedup想对应。答案为A
4.基于上文描述的人们的习惯—进了商场以后需要放慢速度。商场入口处常常有一个空间。答案：A
5.接前面，这个空间给了人们一个机会，是他们有一种到家的感觉。这是在考查词义的辨析，答案：D
（三）词义辨析突破：要求学生在掌握提问中心，明确上下文关系的前提下，能够区分词义在不同语境中的区别，程度的深浅，词义的外延以及感情色彩的不同。要注意准确，全方位的掌握单词的词义。例题分析：
1.Musichasmeaningforeveryone.Itisenjoyedbytheoldandtheyoungmenandwomen.Itcanmakepeoplehappyandsad.Inourmodernworld,radiosandtelevision__uswithaconstantflowsofmusic,givingusenjoyment.Eitherinamusiclessonorataconcert,musicmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Musicbelongstothewholeworld.
A.giveB.surpriseC.offerD.supply
分析：这一段主要说音乐影响着所有男女老幼，它能给人们带来快乐或悲伤。Give的用法是givesb.sth.后面不需要介词with;surprise词义本身不符合本句的需要；offer的用法与give一样。而supply的用法是supplysomebodywithsomething.符合本句的意思和结构。答案为D
2.Thenews__twentyminuteslater.Thegunmanhadstoppedacarforaride,andthenpushedoutthedriver.HewaspossiblyheadingfortheSouthernStateParkwayinawhiteFord.LicensePlatenumberLJR1939.Thevoiceoftheannouncercontinued…
A.continuedB.lastedC.spreadD.arrived
分析：上文提到Todd听到了抢劫银行的消息。此段接上文描写了Todd听到消息的后续内容。所以，一开始说：二十分钟以后，消息又继续播出。spread：传播；arrived：到达；它们都不符合本句的意思。Last：持续，指会议等活动或事件自始至终用了多长时间。也不符合本句意思。只有continued：继续。为正确答案。

第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Ifyouwanttoknowthetrainschedule,pleaseatthebookingoffice.
A.acquireB.inquireC.requestD.require
2.—HaveyouheardthatSadamHusseinhasbeenhanged?
—Yes,_____newscameas_____shocktome.
A.the;aB.the;theC.a;aD.a;the
3.—Howlongdoyouthinkit’llbe____Icangobacktoschool?
—Well,you’llbefeelingmuchbetterbynextweekend.
A.thatB.beforeC.sinceD.when
4.Mylaptopcomputer,whichnoonecan____,hasbeenoutoforderforaweek.
A.getgoneB.havetogoC.getgoingD.havegone
5.Mr.BlackleftforBeijingthismorning,hissecretary____himtherethisFriday.
A.wouldjoinB.joinedC.joiningD.tojoin
6.Therecanbe____placesforarefreshingholidaythanDisneyWorld.
A.fewbetterB.fewergoodC.fewgoodD.fewerbetter
7.—Heshouldhavebeenwarnedofthedanger.
—______,buthewouldn’tlistentome.
A.SohewasB.SowasheC.SoshouldheD.Soheshould
8.—OurChineseathleteswon165goldmedalsinthe15thAsianGamesinDoha.
—Sotheydid.Allpaperstoday_____thenewsonthefrontpage.
A.carriedB.deliveredC.heldD.existed
9.Inthiscountryitisrequiredthatanyonewho______recentlycomehere______thiskindoftest.
A.has;passesB.has;passedC.have;passD.has;pass
10.—ItissaidthatJackisveryrichandisalwayschanginghisprivatecars.Whatishe?
—_______,Iamnotsure.
A.SomebodyofamanagerB.Somethingofamanager
C.Anyoneofamanager　D.Anythingofamanager
11.—DoyouknowwhyAnnisill?
　—Yes,she____moreworkthanshecancopewith.
A.takesout　B.takesdown　C.takeson　D.takesin
12.Idon’tlikethenoiseofthesejetaircraft,butI’velearnedto______it.
A.standwithB.staywithC.livewithD.workwith
13.—Ireallyshouldbeonmyway.
—Oh,notyet!Atleasthaveonecupofcoffeefortheroad.
—No._______.
A.IknowtheroadB.Ihavetoleaveearly
C.Idon’twantanymoreD.Thanksallthesame
14.Chineseareverygenerouswhenitcomesto_______theirchildren._______aboutthemoney,parentsoftensendtheirchildrentothebestschoolsorevenabroad
A.educating;NotcaringB.educate;Don’tcare
C.educate;NotcaredC.educating;Nevercare
15.Itisfewpeople,_______havecometoaskfortheposition,_______fitforthejob.
A.who;whodoIthinkisB.that;Ithinkis
C.that;whoIthinkareD.who;thatIthinkare
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16—35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Itwasthenightbeforethecompositionwasdue.AsIlookedatthelistoftopics,“TheArtofEatingSpaghetti（意大利面条）”caughtmyeyes.Theword“spaghetti”broughtbackthe___16__ofaneveningatUncleAllen’sinBelleville___17__allofuswereseatedaroundthetableandAuntPat___18__spaghettiforsupper.Spaghettiwasanexotic（外来的）treatin__19___days.NeverIeatenspaghetti,and__20__ofthegrown-upshadenoughexperiencetobe___21__it.Whatlaughing__22__wehadaboutthe__23__respectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth..__24_,Iwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwantedto__25___itdownsimplyformyown__26__,notforMr.Fleagle,mycompositionteacher.__27__,Iwouldwritesomethingelse.
WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasno__28__lefttowriteapropercompositionforMr.Fleagle.Therewasnochoicenextmorningbutto__29__mywork.TwodayspassedbeforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthe__30__papers.Hesaid,“Now,class,Iwanttoreadyouacomposition,‘TheArtofEatingSpaghetti’.”
Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsout__31__tothewholeclass.__32__laughed,thenthewholeclasswaslaughingwithopen-heartedenjoyment.Ididmybestnottoshow___33__,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,__34__mywordshadthepowertomakepeople__35__.
16.A.memoryB.thoughtC.knowledgeD.experience
17.A.whenB.whereC.sinceD.after
18.A.cookedB.servedC.gotD.made
19.A.theirB.pastC.lastD.those
20.A.noneB.oneC.someD.neither
21.A.carefulaboutB.goodatC.fondofD.interestedin
22.A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments
23.A.nearlyB.naturallyC.officiallyD.socially
24.A.EspeciallyB.ProbablyC.SuddenlyD.Fortunately
25.A.settleB.putC.takeD.let
26.A.workB.storyC.luckD.joy
27.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.AsforhimD.Exceptforthat
28.A.timeB.excuseC.wayD.idea
29.A.giveupB.continueC.handinD.delay
30.A.writtenB.gradedC.collectedD.signed
31.A.loudB.fastC.publiclyD.calmly
32.A.PeopleB.NobodyC.SomebodyD.I
33.A.shockB.wonderC.worryD.pleasure
34.A.ifB.forC.whileD.although
35.A.excitedB.satisfiedC.thinkD.laugh
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，共40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Mostemployerssaythattheywishtoemploytherightpersonfortherightjob.ArecentreportbyBritain’sIndependentInstituteofManpowerStudies，however，disagreeswiththis.Thereportstatesthatmostemployerswishtoavoidemployingthewrongperson.Ratherthanlookingfortherightperson，theyarelookingforapplicantstoturndown.
ThereportalsosuggeststhatinBritainandinmanyotherpartsoftheworld，theselectionmethodsusedtopickouttherightpersonforthejobcertainlydonotmatchuptothoseusedtojudgeapieceofnewequipment.Employersusedthreemainselectionmethods:interviewing，checkingresume（简历）orapplicationformsandexaminingreferences.Mostoftheemployersaskedinthissurvey（调查）statedthattheseselectionmethodswereusedmorefor“weedingout”unsuitableapplicantsratherthanforfindingsuitableones.
Interviewswereconsideredtobemorereliable（可信赖的）thaneitherresumechecksorreferencesfrompastemployers.Research，however，provesotherwise.Interviewers’decisionsareoftenstronglyinfluencedbytheirearlierjudgmentofthewrittenapplication.Also，differentemployersviewfactsdifferently.Onemayconsiderapplicantswhohavefrequentlychangedjobsaspeoplewithbroadandusefulexperience.Anotherwillseesuchapplicantsasunreliableandunlikelytostayforlonginthenewjob.
Someemployersplacegreatimportanceonacademicqualifications（专业资格）whilethelinkbetweenthisandsuccessinmanagementisnotnecessarilystrong.Someemployersusehandwritingasastandard.Thereportstatesthatthereislittleevidencetosupportthevalueofthelatterforjudgingworkingability.References，also，aresometimeunreliableastheyarenotveryimportant，whilechecksoncredit（信誉）andsecurityrecordsandapplicants’politicalopinionsareoftentheopposite.
Thereportismorefavorabletowardstrainabilitytestsandthosewhichtestpersonalityandpersonalandmentalskills.Thereportconcludesbysuggestingthatinterviewingcouldbecomemorereliableifthequestionswerearrangedinacareful，organizedsystemandfocusedontheneedsoftheemployingorganization.
36.Thepicturesontheright________.
A.presenttheinterviewers’trickstorefusethewrongapplicants
B.showthatageisquiteimportantforthejobapplicants
C.informusofsomequestionsaskedbytheinterviewers
D.tellusaninterestingstoryhappeningintheinterview
37.Whatdoes“thelatter”inParagraph4referto?
A.Thestandard.B.Thereport.
C.Academicqualification.D.Handwriting.
38.Accordingtothereport，whichofthefollowingcanbemorereliable?
A.Testsonacademicskills.
B.Broadworkingexperience.
C.Interviewswithwell-organizedquestions.
D.Theinterviewers’opinionsaboutapplicants.
39.What’sthebesttitleforthearticle?
A.WhatAreJobApplicantsLookingfor?
B.WhatAreEmployersLookingfor?
C.HowAreInterviewTestsPrepared?
D.HowAreSelectionMethodsImproving?
B
Parisinthespringtimewas,isandalwayswillbe,somethingratherspecial.Whynotexperienceitforyourselfwiththisexcellentbreakforfourdays?Thisattractivecityhassomethingtooffertoeveryoneandwithpricesatjust129.
Yourbreakbeginswithcomfortablebustransfer（运送）fromlocalpick-uppointsandtraveltoParisisviacross-channelferry,arrivingatyourhotelintheevening.TheIbisisanexcellentqualityhotelwithprivateequipmentsinallrooms:satelliteTV,radio,telephoneandalarmclock.IthasabarandrestaurantandissituatedabouttwomilessouthofNotreDameenablingyoutoexplorePariswithease.
Thefollowingday,aftercontinentalbreakfast（included）,thebustakesyouonacomprehensivesightseeingtourofthecity,duringwhichyouwillseetheEiffelTower,ChampsElysees,L’ArcdeTriomphe,theLouvre,infactalmosteveryfamouslandmarkyouhaveeverheardof.YouthenleaveParisandtakeashortdrivetothemagnificentPalaceofVersailles,thehomeofLouisXIV.Thetourendsmid-afternoonbackinPariswhereyouwillhavetheremainderofthedayatyourleisure.Intheeveningthereisa“ParisbyNight”tourshowingyouthebeautifulbuildingswithbrightlights.
DaythreetakesyoutoMontmarter,perhapsthemostattractivequarterofParisandhomeoftheSacreCoeurandtheMoulinRouge.Intheafternoonyouarefreetoexplorethisbeautifulcityasyouwish,perhapsapleasurevoyageontheRiverSeine,wanderaroundthebeautifulgardensorlookamongtheantiqueshops（古董店）.Intheeveningyouwillhavetheopportunitytovisitthebestnightclubinthecity,thesplendidParadisLatain.Onthefinaldayit’sbacktotheUKviachannelferry.
Includedinthepriceof129perperson:
●ReturncomfortablebustraveltoParis
●Returnferrycrossings
●3nightshousinginatwinbeddedroominaCentralParishotelwithprivatefacilities
●Continentalbreakfastduringyourstay
●Guidedsightseeingtourof“ParisbyDay”andParisbyNight”
●VisittotheChateauofVersailles（admissionnotincluded）
●TouraroundMontmartre
●Servicesofexperiencedbi-lingualtourguideatalltimes
40.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.ToshowthepriceoftravelingtoParis
B.TotelltouriststheroutstoParis.
C.TointroducethecityofParis.
D.ToattracttouriststoParis.
41.DuringthestayinParis,thetouristswill.
A.havea“ParisbyNight”touronthefirstevening
B.liveinahoteltwomilesawayfromParis
C.havefreetimeforhalfaday
D.haveapleasurevoyageontheRiverSeinetogether
42.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordquartermeaninthepassage?
A.Anareaofatown.
B.Aperiodof15minutes.
C.AcoinusedintheUSandCanadaworth25cents.
D.Oneoffourequalpartsintowhichsomethingcanbedivided.
43.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.ThePalaceofVersaillesisnotinthecenterofParis.
B.TetouristscantelephoneintheIbiswithoutpaying.
C.ItwilltakeyoualongtimetogottoMontmartrefromParis.
D.Thetouristswillspendthenightintheantiqueshopsonthethirdday.
C
Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:“Storeintherefrigerator.”
Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthy.Themilkmancameeveryday,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice—creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus（剩余）breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.
Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Manywell-triedtechniquealreadyexistednaturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling（瓶装）…
Whatrefrigerationdidproducewasmarketing-marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagoodprice.
Somostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butintherichcountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshum（嗡嗡声）awaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially—cooledspareinsideanartificially—heatedhouse—whileout—side,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.
Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennotimportant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaynoteatthehamburgers,butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.
44.Thestatement"InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily."suggeststhat_____.
A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties
B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousefridgeseveninhisfifties
C.therewasnofridgeintheauthorshomeinthe1950s
D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s
45.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?
A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary
B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek
C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidntgetrotteneasily
D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood
46.benefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?
A.InventorsB.Consumers
C.ManufacturersD.Travelingsalesmen
47.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffect
ontheenvironment?
A.Humawaycontinuously
B.Climaticallyalmostunnecessary.
C.Artificially-cooledspace
D.Withmildtemperatures
D
Areteachersdoingtheirjobs?
Thespeaker，ateacherfromacollegeinCalifornia，addressedasupportiveaudience.Headsnoddedinagreementwhenhesaid，“HighschoolEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs.”Hedescribedtheinabilityofhisstudents，allhighschoolgraduateswhocanuselanguageonlyatagrade9level.Iwasunabletodeterminefromhisanswerstomyquestionshowthisgrade9levelhadbeensetup.
Inmyview，whatthespeakerwasreallysayingisthatheisnolongeryoung；hehasbeenteachingforsixteenyears，andisabletothinkandspeakinasensibleandreasonableway.
Mypointisthatthefrequentcomplaint（指责）ofonegenerationabouttheoneimmediatelyfollowingitisunavoidable.Itisalsohumannaturetolookforthereasonsforourdissatisfaction.BeforeEnglishbecameaschoolsubjectinthelatenineteenthcentury，itwasdifficulttofindthefocusoftheblameforlanguageimperfection.Butsincethen，Englishteachershavebeenundercontinuousattack.
Thecomplainersthinktheyhavehituponanoriginalidea.Astheirownabilitytousethelanguageimproves，theynoticethatyoungpeopledonothavethissameability.Unawarethattheirownabilityhasdevelopedthroughtheyears，theyassumethenewgenerationofyoungpeoplemustbehopelessinthiscase.Totheeyesandearsofsensitiveadults，thelanguageoftheyoungalwaysseemsnotgoodenough.
SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotseenassomethingthathappenstoagenerationbutratherassomethingnewandstrangetotoday’syoungpeople，itnaturallyfollowsthattoday’sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.Otherwise，youngpeoplewouldnothavesuchpoorlanguageabilities.
48.Thespeakerbelievesthatthestudents’poorEnglishresultsfrom________.
A.theineffectiveworkoftheEnglishteachers
B.theunawarenessoflanguagelearningmethods
C.theinabilityofthestudentsolearnthelanguage
D.theimperfectionofEnglishstandardsfor9-levelstudents
49.Intheauthor’sopinion，thespeaker_________.
A.canthinkandspeakintelligently
B.hasoverstatedthelanguageproblemsofthestudents
C.isrightinsayingEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs
D.makesaprofessionaljudgmentonthestudents’Englishlevel
50.InParagraph4theauthorpointsout_______.
A.whatleadstothecomplainers’dissatisfaction
B.whatcomplainers’reactionistowardsyoungpeople
C.howthecomplainers’opinionsformthroughtheyears
D.howsensitivethecomplainersareintheyoungpeople’seye
E
Phobiaisextremeandcontinuousfearofaspecificobject，situation，oractivity.Becauseofthisfear，thephobicpersonoftenleadsalimitedlife.Theanxietyistypicallyfargreaterthanitshouldbeintherealsituation，andthesuffereriswellawarethatthefearisunreasonable.
Phobicanxietyisdistinguishable（辨别）fromotherformsofanxietyonlyinthatitoccursspecificallyinrelationtoacertainobjectorsituation.Thisanxietyischaracterizedbyphysiological（生理）signssuchasarapidheartbeat，stomachdisordersandsoon.Somephobicpeopleareabletofacetheirfears.Morecommonly，however，theyavoidthesituationorobjectthatcausesthefear—anavoidancethatreducesthesufferer’sfreedom.
Psychiatrists（精神科医生）recognizethreemajortypesofphobias.Simplephobiasarefearsofspecificobjectsorsituationssuchasanimal，closedspaces，andheights.Thesecondtype，agoraphobia，isafearofopen，publicplacesandsituations，fromwhichescapeisdifficult；agoraphobicstendincreasinglytoavoidmoresituationsuntilintheendtheybecomeunabletogooutoftheirhouse.Socialphobias，thethirdtype，arefearsofappearingstupidorshamefulinsocialsituations.Takentogether，thephobiasarebelievedtoaffect5to10personsin100.Agoraphobiaandsimplephobiaaremorecommonlyrecognizedinwomenthaninmen.
Behavioraltechniqueshaveprovedsuccessfulintreatingphobias，especiallysimpleandsocialphobias.Onetechnique，systematicdesensitization，isgraduallyfacingthephobicpersonwithsituationsorobjectsthatareincreasinglyclosetothefearedones.Exposuretherapy，anotherbehavioralmethod，hasrecentlybeenshownmoreaffective.Inthistechnique，phobicsarerepeatedlyfacedwiththefearedsituationorobjectsothattheycanseethatcanseethatnoharmhappenstothem；thefeargraduallyfades.Antianxietydrugshavealsoprovedsuccessfulintreatingsomephobias.
51.Peoplesufferingfromagoraphobiamayendup_________.
A.shuttingthemselvesupathome
B.receivingoperationsinthehospitals
C.stayingincrowdedsupermarkets
D.appearinginsocialsituationsfrequently
52.Paragraph2ismainlyabout_______ofphobicanxiety.
A.thebadeffectsB.themajortypes
C.thecharacteristicsD.thephysicalsigns
53.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A.mostpeoplehaveeversufferedfromsocialphobia
B.normalpeopleknowthatthefearsofphobicsisnecessary
C.womenaremorelikelytosufferfromagoraphobiathanmen
D.over15%ofpeopleareaffectedbyphobicanxiety
54.Systematicdesensitizationandexposuretherapyaresimilarwaysoftreatingphobiasbecauseboth_______.
A.useantianxietymedicine
B.areequallyaffective
C.facephobicswiththesamesituation
D.arebehavioralmethods
55.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageis_________.
A.toadvisepeoplehowtoavoidphobia
B.togivesomeinformationaboutphobia
C.todescribedifferentsituationsofphobia
D.toexplainwhypeoplesufferfromphobia
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
IfyouaretakinganEnglishexam,donotonly56.
learnrulesofgrammar.Trytoreadstoriesof57.__
English.SpeakingEnglishwheneveryoucan.58.__
Afewdaysaftertheexamyoushouldgotobedearly.59.__
Donotstayuplateratnightstudyingbeforeyou60.__
starttheexam.Readcarefuloverthequestionpaper,and61.__
trytounderstandanexactmeaningofeachquestion.62.__
Whenyouhaveatlastbeenfinishedyourexam,63.__
readoveryouranswers.Correctthemistakeifthere64.__
areanyandmakesurethatyouhavemissedanything.65.__
第二节开放作文（25分）
请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数100—120。
Theproblemofraisingdogsincitiesisahottopicinnewspapersnow.Pleasereadthefollowingtwosentencesandchooseon（ONLYONEasyourowntopicandgoontofinishthewholeparagraph.GiveatleastTHREEreasonstosupportyourselves.）
Wordsyoumightneed;排泄物waste做伴；keepone’scompany
（1）Toomanypetdogswillspoilthecitylife.
（2）Dogsarepeople’sfriends.

第一节：单项填空
1.Binquire：咨询，询问；这里是说：到售票处咨询；request/require：要求；acquire：习得；学习
2.A第一空是特指：thenews：这个消息；第二空：shock变为具体意义的名词：一件令我震惊的事。
3.B　句型：It’llbe＋时间段before+从句：在……之前将要过多久。
4.C　在which引导的非限定性定语从句中，先行词thecomputer做谓语动词get的宾语；going是宾补部分。
5.D　动词不定式tojoin做状语，hissecretary是逻辑主语，表示他的秘书将在周五与他会合。
6.A　few修饰比较级形式：表示：没有几个比Disneyland更好的度假的地方了。
7.A　Sohewas　表示“他的确受到警告了”。后面说“但是他不愿意听我的”。
8.A　carried：这里表示：登载；delivered：送货；送（信，报纸）；existed：存在
9.D　who______recentlycomehere是定语从句，句中recently与现在完成时连用，itisrequiredthat后面的从句的谓语部分是虚拟结构：shoulddo/shouldbedone；其中should可以省略。
10.B　Somethingofamanager这里表示泛指：一个经理什么的。
11.C　takeon这里表示：承担；她承担了超出了她能适应的工作。
12.C　livewithsth.：与……共存。
13.D　Thanksallthesame这里表示对上文说的：至少走之前再喝杯咖啡的婉言谢绝。
14.A　第一空是句型：Whenitcomestodoing…：当谈到……时；第二空：Notcaring…是现在分词做状语。
15.D　_______havecometoaskfortheposition是定语从句，第二空是强调句的主体部分，由连词that连接。
第二节完型填空
16.AA项是：记忆，回忆，B项：思想，想法，C项：知识；D项：经验。
17.A排除B项，因为Belleville是地点，如用where，则引导定语从句，修饰Belleville没有必要。C，D两项与全句的时态不符。A项与broughtback的时态呼应，when表示就在那时。
18.B因为大家坐在桌旁是等AuntPat端上意大利面条。Serve；服务，上菜。
19.Dinthosedays=inthepastA，C两项与原文意思不符。
20.A本句and之前的一个并列分句是否定句，所以后面也是一个否定分句。排除B，C答案，neither指“两个人”，与前面的allofus矛盾。
21.B由于吃意大利面条是一种外来时尚，所以如何吃得体面，文雅涉及到能力问题，在此说：都不擅长。
22.D在分享又细又长的意大利面条之前大家很友善地争论如何吃得文雅顺利。
23.DA项：几乎；B项：自然地；C项：官方地；D项：社交上地，根据上下文：吃这种面条大家都是第一次，又是在人家做客。当然是社交场合了。
24.C作者开始从作文交稿日期临近想到要写作文，看到题目又想到过去做客时吃意大利面条时的场景。这时，他又突然想写一些这方面的文字。
25.B根据上下文，此处是动词“写下，记下”的意思。Settledown：安家；后不接宾语；letitdown后面要接动词，与全句矛盾，应排除。
26.D此处与“幸运”无关，作者是学生，与“工作”无关，作文还未完成，不可能将自己的事，应排除A，B，C三项。forone’sjoy符合作者的心情。
27.C此处意思是：至于他（布置作文的老师），我将另写文章交上去。这样与前面说的“把吃面条的有趣场景写下来只是处于回想起来觉得有意思。”一致。
28.AB项：借口；C项：方法；D项：主意；都和thenightwashalfgone不相干，A项在句中表示：没有时间在写老师留的作文了。
29.CA项：放弃；B项：继续；D项：推迟；与作者第二天交作文无关，C项：上交，符合句义。
30.BA项：书写；B项；批阅，评分；C项：收集过的；D项：签过字的；老师发下的自然是打了分的作业。
31.A考查上下文的逻辑性；老师朗读作者的作文，又是在全班面前，当然要readoutloud。注意：publicly很有迷惑性，但它不符合英语的语言逻辑。与tothewholeclass相重复。
32.CA项的内涵太大，与thewholeclass不相应，B项与后面的内容矛盾，D项与后面“我尽量克制自己，不表露出我的喜悦之情”矛盾。C项表示：开始有人发笑，后来全班开怀大笑。
33.D老师表扬自己作文写得好，当然不能当中喜形于色。
34.Bfor在此有“因为”的意思。
35.D根据上下文的逻辑性，开始有人发笑，接着全班开怀大笑，作者感到了很纯洁的幸福，因为其文字有魅力使人们发笑。
第二部分：阅读理解
36—39ADCB40—43DCAA44—47CDBA48—50ABA
51—55ACCDB
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
56.√57.of→in58.Speaking→Speak
59.after→before60.later→late61.careful→carefully
62.an→the63.去掉been64.mistake→mistakes
65.have后加not
第二节：开放作文
Possibleversions：
Toomanypetdogswillspoilthecitylife.Firstly,theyleavetheirwasteabout,whichmakesthestreetsallthedirty.Secondly,someofthebiggerandfiercerdogschargeatpeopleandevenbitepeople.Thatendangerspeople’slifebecausetheycarrydeadlydiseasessometimes.Thirdly,dogsbarkalotandtheywakeuppeopleearlyinthemorning.Alotofpeoplecomplainabouthenoise.Sothereshouldn’tbetoomanydogsinthecity.
Dogsarepeople’sfriends.Firstly,theyhelpuswatchourhouseandmakeusfeelsafe.Secondly,dog,areloyaltopeopleandtheymakegoodfriendswithpeople,especiallywiththeelderly.Theykeeptheircompanysothattheydon’tfeellonely.Thirdly,theyhelppeopledomanotherthings,likehelpingtheyblindcrossthestreetandhelpingthepolicesolveproblems.Whyaresomepeoplesounfriendlytothem?

高考英语易错题解题方法大全（四）：短文改错

高考英语易错题解题方法大全（四）：短文改错

DearAlice,
Ihavejustgotsomegoodnewstotelltoyou.1.______
Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.2.______
Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested3.______
IgotoEnglandforaholiday.I’dliketostaying4.______
thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest5.______
orpracticingmyEnglishaswell.We’vebeen6.______
writingtoeachfornearlyayearnow.Ihave7.______
oftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou.8.______
Iimagineyou’llbeatvacationyourselfbythat9.______
time.Perhapswecouldgoouttodosome10.______
sightseeingtogether.
Best,
Lily
1.典型错误是将got去掉。而没有考虑到havegot是一个固定搭配,无需改动,而本题tell是及物动词,后无需加to,tellsb.sth.告诉某人某事.
注意英语中的固定搭配与动词的固定搭配.
去掉to
2.典型错误是发现不了错误的所在.
要注意时间状语lastweek,是过去时态的标志,因此win改为won.
win→won
3.典型错误是没有注意到pleasing是用来修饰事物的形容词.
注意形容词的用法,表示情感态度的-ing形容词是用来表示事物的特征的,而-ed形容词常用来修饰人.
pleasing→pleased/happy
4.将go改为went.错因分析,没有考虑到suggest表’建议’时,后面的从句要用虚拟语气should加上动词原形,should可以省略.且wouldliketo后加动词的原形.
平时在高考复习的过程中要注意一些常用动词及短语的用法.
staying→stay
5.典型错误是将interest后加s.错因分析是没有掌握placeofinterest的复数形式是在place后加上-s.
注意一些名词以及一些名词短语的复数变化.
place→places
6.典型错误是找不到错点.错因分析是没有正确地理解visitingplaceofinterest
与practicingmyEnglishaswell是并列关系而不是选择关系.
在改错的过程中要注意上下句的逻辑关系.
or→and
7.典型错误是将to去掉.错因分析write后加each,each用作了副词,而没有发现整篇小短文是一篇书信,是两个人之间的联系.
从篇章整体结构出发,抓住上下文的相应逻辑信息,且忌只从单行入手.
each后加other
8.典型错误是没有发现介词后应加上动词的-ing形式.
注意介词的用法,介词后加动词的ing形式,除了个别的介词but,except等当”除了”讲时,例外.
talk→talking
9.典型错误是将yourself去掉.错因分析没有发现固定短语的错误,且一行只能改正一处以及不能改变句子的原意.度假应为onvacation.
在高考复习的过程中要积累一些固定搭配的短语
at→on
10.典型错误对本行也进行了改动.错因分析是没有抓住例年来改错的特点:其中正确1行；多词1-2行；少词1-2行；错词6行左右。
正确分析句子,根据改错题设题特点来做题.
√

DearLucy,
I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestinginmycity.Asyou1._________
readontheInternet,greatchangeshavebeentakenplacehere.2._________
Itismoreconvenienttoliveinthecitythanbefore.Privatecars3._________
areeverywherenow.LotsofpeopleshopontheInternet,that4._________
isespeciallypopularyoungpeople.What’smore,5._________
peoplearepayingmoreattentionontheirhealth.Youcanfind6._________
morepeopleintheparkorintheirneighborhood,doingexercises.7._________
Evenyoungpeoplearepayinglotofattentiontotheirdiet.8.________
Allinall,ourcitylooksverydifferent.Ihopethattheywill9.________
beabletovisitmytownthissummerholiday.10._______
Bestwishes!
Yours,
LiHua
1．没有正确地把握表示情感形容词的用法，interesting常用来修饰事物，interested常用于修饰人。
形容词的误用的考查关键是主语的确定，以及常用的固定短语beinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”。
interesting→interested
2．本题考查动词的用法，takeplace是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
要积累一些常见的不及物动词短语。
去掉been
3．学生可能会将more去掉，因为没有注意到比较级结构。
本题考查比较级结构。
√
4．本题考查定语从句的用法，尤指非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中不能使用that来引导。
对于高中英语中的一些复合句要正确地掌握。
that→which
5．本题考查固定短语bepopularamong的用法。从句子分析，在youngpeople前缺少了介词。
对于一些常见的短语要牢记，在改错题中介词，不定式符词和冠词是常常易丢失的内容。
popular后加among
6．本题考查固定短语payattentionto的用法，学生们常会将此短语与focusone’sattentionon混淆。
要牢记一此常见的动词短语。
on→to
7．本题考查名词exercise的用法，当“运动”讲时，是不可数名词。
注意一些常见词的名词的可数与不可数现象。
exercises→exercise
8．本题考查lotsof或alotof的用法，学生们常会粗心，注意不到这一点细微的变化。
看题要心细，注意一些常见的修饰名词表示许多，大量的短语。
lot→lots或lot前加a
9．本题考查代词的用法，从全篇文章来看，作者一直与you进行交谈，因此，此处的they指代不明。
要从全篇内容来考查，判断代词的指代内容，切忌指代不明。
they→you
10．本题学生们很可以看不出来问题的所在，要从上文来看，因为上文所谈的一直是city，因此这里的town应改为city.
在进行短文改错时，要注意从篇章结构下手，不要以点代面。
town→city

ItisfiveyearsnowsinceIgraduatefromNo.3High1.______
School.LastSaturday,theclassthatIwasonhelda2.______
get—together,whichtookusalongtimeprepare.It3.______
wasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybody4.______
andsetawelltimeforallofus.Weallenjoyed5.______
thispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespent6.______
togetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.Itwas7.______
apitywhichsomeofuswerenotpresentastheyhad8.______
goneabroadforfurtherstudies,buttheycalledback9.______
orsentgreetingcardfromdifferentplaces.10.______
1.典型错误是将from去掉.错因分析:一是没有掌握固定短语graduatefrom;二是没有记住since的句型结构.
要注意since的句型结构:Itis/hasbeen段时间since后常用一般过去时.
gratuate→graduated
2.典型错误是没有注意到定语从句与先行词的关系,在班级应使用beinclass.
本题是考查介词的固定搭配,常考介词是in,on,with,from,at,of等.
on→in
3.典型错误是考查take当“花费”讲时的固定句型,学生们常在prepare后加it.错因分析是没有掌握住一些表示花费的句型结构以及没有正确分析定语从句的结构.
对于一些固定的句型搭配要牢记.本句中缺少一词,通常缺少的词有:冠词、副词、不定式符号to等。
time后加to
4.典型错误是考查动词短语的固定搭配.错因分析是本短语getintouchwith中多了一个冠词。
高考英语改错题中的赘述是在一些固定表达中用了多余的词，这些词多为冠词，介词，副词，代词等。
the划掉
5.典型错误是词性的误用.错因分析是学生们对于形容词和副词的运用掌握不好.
词类的误用是高考改错题的重点,常将动词、名词、副词、形容词互改。
1.well→good
6.典型错误是将remember改为remembered.错因分析没有正确分析句子的结构，本句中的谓语动词为enjoyed,remember不应为谓语了，而为状语，所以应改为非谓语动词。
正确地分析句子结构是解决此类问题的关键。句子的主语是we,与remember之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用remembering的形式来作状语。
remember→remembering
7.典型错误是代词的误用.错因分析没有注意上下文的逻辑关系，they指代不明。
此类题要注意主语与代词的指代的一致，阅读完整的句子就可以看出来。
they→we
8.典型错误是没有注意到Itisapitythat...句型.错因分析本句型中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，which无此用法。
注意分析句子，掌握it的用法及一些固定句型。
which→that
9.典型错误是将studies改为study.错因分析是没有将名词study的用法掌握好。Study用作不可数名词时，意为“学习”；study的复数形式，意为“（各学科的）学习”，因此，此处studies是正确的。
注意常见名词的单复数的用法。
√
10.典型错误是名词的单复数的运用.错因分析没有正确地分析完整的句子以及上下文的逻辑关系。They是复数，因此不可能只送一张贺卡。
正确理解句子的意思，注意上下文的逻辑关系以及可数名词的单复数，不要以点带面。
card→cards

TheInternetisplayingaimportantpartin1．
ourdailylife.Onthenet,wecanlearnabout2．
newsbothhomeandabroadandsomeother3．
informationsaswell.Wecanalsomakephonecalls,4．
sendmessagesbye-mails,gotonetschools,and5．
learnforeignlanguagesbyourselves.Beside,we6．
canenjoymusic,watchsportsmatches，andplaythe7．
chessorcards.Thenetevenhelpusdoshopping,8．
makeachatwithothersandmakefriendswiththem.9．
Inaword,theInternethasmadeourlifemoreeasier.10．

1．本题考查冠词的用法，学生们很有可能不注意这一细节，在元音读音开头的单词前要使用an来修饰。
冠词a,an与the的用法是常考的知识点，因此要牢记。
a→an
2．学生们很可能将介词on改为in,原因是没有掌握固定短语ontheinternet。
对于一些介词短语要牢记，onTV,onthetelephone等。
√
3．本题学生们很可能找不出错误，原因是没有正确地分析句子的结构，本句是缺少后置定语，athomeandabroad在国内外。
正确在分析句子的结构并掌握固定短语的用法。
home前加at
4．本题考查名词的用法。Information是不可数名词。
对于名词的考查，常见的是可数名词与不可数名词的混用，所以要记住常见的不可数名词fun,furniture,equipment,progress,information,news等。
informations→information
5．本题考查介词by当“（表方式）通过”时，后用名词单数的形式。
注意一些常见介词的用法。
e-mails→e-mail
6．考查介词的辨析，beside与besides的用法。这两个介词是形近词，很多学生在紧张的情况下，很可能不能注意到这一点。
要通过上下文的逻辑关系来判断介词的使用。
Beside→Besides
7．本题考查冠词在固定短语中的使用。玩牌应为playchess或playcards。
掌握固定短语的使用。
去掉the
8．本题考查主谓一致，因为主语是thenet所以谓语动词为单数。
注意分析句子的结构及主谓一致的用法。谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。
help→helps
9．本题学生们很可能会将第一个make改为making,原因是没有从整个句子的结构来分析，因为句子是三个并列谓语。本题是动词的误用haveachatwithsb.与某人交谈。
本题是考查动词短语的固定搭配，因此对于一些常见的动词的短语要牢记。
第一个make→have
10．本题考查形容词的比较级，属于成分的冗余部分。easy的比较级为easier，more为多余的成分。
注意成分的冗余以及如何使用形容词或是副词的比较级及最高级的表达。
more→much

JohnBrownisaLondontaxidriverwholovegoingtothe1._______
theatre.Lastweekhismothergavehimtwoticketsforaplay.2.________
TheticketswereonSundayevening.ThenJohnreadsome3.________
reviewsoftheplay,whichallsaiditwasaterriblyone!He4.________
wouldn’tgotoseeaplaythatnoonelikedit,sotwohours5._______
beforetheplaystarted,helefttheticketonthebackseatof6._______
histaxi,perhapssomeonewhowantedseetheplaywouldtakethem7.________
However,whileJohnwentbackhome,theticketswere8.________
stillthere.Inthefact,therewerefourticketsontheseat.9.________
Someonehasplacedanotherpairofticketsontopofthem!10.________
1．典型错误定语从句中的谓语动词的主谓一致的考查.错因分析没有正确的区分出先行词，在定语从句中的谓语动语的单复数与先行词保持一致。
正确地分析句子的结构以及掌握主谓一致的原则。
love→loves
2．典型错误是将gave改为gives.错因分析是没有考虑到时间状语lastweek是过去时态的提示词。
要注意时间状语决定句子的时态的作用。
√
3．典型错误是认为本句是正确的.错因分析是onSundayevening是一个固定的短语，意为“在周日的晚上”；但是本句考查的是tickets的适用期限，因此应将on改为for.
在做改错题时，不要用片面来代替整体，应从整个句子来分析。
on→for
4．典型错误是形容词与副词的误用.错因分析是没有抓住aterriblyone中应使用一个形容词来修饰one,因为one指代名词play。
正确地分析句子结构，确定词性的正确使用。
terribly→terrible
5．典型错误是句子结构冗余.错因分析是没有正确地分析定语从句的成分，句中liked的宾语是关系词that,因此it是多余。
正确地分析定语从句的用法，分清定语从句的成分。
去掉it
6．典型错误没有发现ticket的错误.错因分析是没有从篇章整体上去分析句子，因为前面己经提到他的母亲给他两张票，且John又不打算去看电影，因此两张票都不要了，所以ticket改为tickets.
在进行改错时是注意上下文的逻辑关系，不要篇章的整体性，是短文改错不是单句改错。
ticket→tickets
7．典型错误是考查句子结构的错误.错因分析没有注意到两个动词wanted与see之间的关系，wanttodosth.是固定的结构。
在分析句子结构时，要注意正确的固定搭配。
wanted后加to
8．典型错误是连词的使用错误.错因分析是正确地使用while,when与as的用法。While从句中的动词必需是延续性动词，when从句中的动词可以是延续性的，也可是非延性的。
注意常用连词的用法。
while→when
9．典型错误是考查固定的介词短语infact.错因分析是常见的介词短语没有记牢。
对于一些常见的介词和动词的固定短语要记牢。
the去掉
10．典型错误没有发现has是错误的.错因分析是短文的时态要以上下文的主体时态为依据，此短文的主体时态为过去时，因此，应将has改为had。
时态的更改以上下文的主体时态为依据。
has→had

Thisweekend,IhurtmyarmbadwhileIwasplaying1.__________
basketballwithmyfriends.ItwassuchpainfulthatIcouldn’t2.__________
helpcryout.Myfriendstookmetothenearbyhospital3.__________
whereIsawlittleboylyingonabed.Hewasgoingtohave4._________
averydangerousoperation,buthestillkeptsmiling.Atthat5._________
moment,Ifeltmorepainful.Ialsoreadthecourageand6._________
confidenceinthelittleboy’sface.Althoughtheoperation7._________
wasdangerous,shewasstillverypositive.Inourlives,there8.________
istroublesnowandthen,butIthinkhavingapositiveattitude9.________
willhelpusovercomethesedifficulty.10.________

1．本题考查形容词与副词的混用。Bad应是修饰hurt的，因此应使用副词badly。
词性的误用主要是考查学生对基本句法结构的掌握。掌握基本的句法，句子的意思和逻辑关系及从句中的成分。
bad→badly
2．such用来修饰名词，so用来修饰形容词，so+adj.+that如此……以致于…….
本题考查so与such的辨析。
such→so
3．学生们可能在help后加上to，原因是没有注意到can’thelpdoing的意思是“禁不住，止不住”的意思。
本题考查非谓语动词的用法，注意一些常见的后即可接不定式，也可接动名词的动词及短语的意思的差别。在选择的过程中要根据上下文的意思来判断。
cry→crying
4．本题句中缺少内容，学生们很可能注意不到；可数名词单数前必需要有限定词a,an或the,this,that等。
可数名词不可单独使用。
saw后加a
5.√
6．本题对于学生们来说有些难度，要综合上下文的逻辑关系才能看出来错误所在。从上下文来看，作者在小男孩的影响下，应感到不那么疼了。
从根据上下文的逻辑关系及语义来判断程度词的用法。
more→less
7．介词的误用，在某人的脸上应为onone’sface。
掌握常用介词的用法。
in→on
8．此题对于粗心的学生而言失分率较高。因为本题需从整篇文章来断定代词的指代，只从单句看是改不出来的，本题中涉及的是一个小男孩,因此应使用he来代替she.
用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
she→he
9．本题学生易错在将troubles改为troulbe，原因是troulbe当不可数名词时为“麻烦”；而当“麻烦事”时是可数名词，从上下文分析，此题应为“麻烦事”，所以要改谓语动词is为are.
要注意一些名词的可数与不可数时意思上的差别，并根据文中的逻辑关系来判断其用法。
is→are
10．本题考查名词的用法，these用来修饰名词的复数。
注意一些修饰词的用法及名词的单复数。
difficulty→difficulties

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