高考英语单项选择题精讲。

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高考英语单项选择题精讲（150题）

1.---Fine,IvegotusedtothelifethereandIvemadesomefriends.
A.HowareyouB.HowareyoudoingC.AreyougettingonwellD.Howdoyoudo
解析：A询问身体状况，B询问工作进展或生活情况如何，从答句“已适应那儿的生活”可知解析B正确。C是一般疑问句。
2.---Howdoyoulikethefilm?---Therewasnothingspecial---itwasonly____.
A.averageB.usualC.normalD.common
解析：average:standardorlevelregardedasusual
Thesemarksarewellabove/belowaverage.
这些分数远在一般水平以上/以下。
usual:强调“习惯性的、符合规章制度的、一贯如此的”。
Hepaidtheusualfee.他按规定交费
Asusual,hearrivedearlyandstartedtoworkatonce.
normal：正常的，常态的，正规的
common：常见的，普通的，不足为奇，共有的，公有的
3.Ican’tgototheNewYear’sconcert,_____,100dollarsisjusttoomuchformetospendinoneevening.
A.inotherwords.Bthatis.Cinparticular.DImean
解析：Imean“我指的是”
4.TherewastimeIhatedtogotoschool.
A．a;thatB．a;whenC．the;thatD．the;when
解析：atime表示曾经一度，when引导的定语从句修饰Atime
Therewereatimewhenthissongwasverypopular.
Therewasatimewhenwomenwerenotadmittedtouniversities.
5.Scientistsgenerallyagreethatearth’sclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100years______ithaswarmedinthe20,000yearssinceIceAge.
A.solongas.B.asmuchasCaslongas.Daswellas
解析：asmuchas表示程度
6.Nowinthemarkettherearetoomanyoranges,makingthepricesdown,soIsuggest_____.
A.you’dbetterturntodootherbusiness
B.youwouldratherturntootherbusiness
C.youturningtodoingotherbusiness=yourturningtodoing
D.yououghttoturntosellingotherfruits
解析：=yourturningtodoing.suggest+(one’s/sb.)doingsth./that从句（shoulddo）
7._____someoldtables,hishousewasalmostempty.
A.BesidesB.ExceptC.ApartfromD.But
解析：apartfrom=besides/except/exceptfor这里相当于exceptfor
8.-----What’sthemodelplanelooklike?
-----Well,thewingsoftheplaneare______ofitsbody.
A.morethanthelengthtwiceB.twicemorethanthelength
C.morethantwicethelengthD.moretwicethanthelength
解析：morethan修饰twice
9.-----Whichshareismeantforme?-----Youcantake_____half.Theyareexactlythesame.
A.thisB.anyC.eachD.neither
解析：从half可知是两半,意思是“你可以拿这一半”还可用either
10.I_____violinlessonseverytwoweeks,butIthinkI‘llmakeiteveryweekfromnextmonth.
A.amhavingB.havehadC.haveD.havebeenhaving
解析：从后半句可看出现在一直是两周一次。
11.ItisfairlycommoninAfricaforthere______agroupofexpertmusicianssurroundedbyotherswhoalsojoinintheperformances.
A.beingB.tobeC.beD.is
解析：therebe结构，用在forsb.todosth结构中
12.----Nowthatyoulikethecomputersomuch.Whynotbuyit?
---Well,Ican’tafford______computer.
A.thatexpensiveaB.athatexpensiveC.thatanexpensiveD.anexpensivethat
解析：thatexpensivea=soexpensivea“that”为副词
13.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplan.A.whereB.whichC.whereD.why
解析：situation,case,point,等词后常用where引导定语从句;occasion后常用when引导定语从句。
14.______,theconcertbegan.
A.ThelistenershavingtakentheirseatsB.Havingtakentheirseats
C.HavingtakentheirplacesD.Takingtheirseats
解析：独立主格做状语。主语concert不可能执行taketheseat这一动作，必须加thelisteners做逻辑主语
15.----Youshouldn’thavegonetherealonelastnight.
----ButI______,becauseXiaoWangwentthere,too.
A.didn’tB.hadtoC.didD.should
解析：表过去的事实。
16.----Thereisalotofsmokecomingoutoftheteaching-buildingthere.
----Really?It_____beafire,mostprobably.
A.canB.oughttoC.havetoD.must
解析：从mostprobably.可以看出是很可能,must表示一定
17.Ifyoudon’twait_______theredlight,youwillbepunishedbythepoliceman.
A.atB.underC.forD.on
解析：at意为“看见”
18.________doesn’tseemtohavebeenmuchdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.
A.ItB.ThatC.ThereD.He
解析：这是Therebe句型一种比较复杂的表现形式，由下列各句逐步形成：
Thereismuchdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.
Thereseemstobemuchdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.
Thereseemstohavebeenmuchdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.
Theredoesn’tseemtohavebeenmuchdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.
E.g.Thereusedtobeabigtreeinfrontoftheoldhouse.
Therehappenedtobeaforeignteacherthere.
Thereissaidtobenolifeonthemoon.
Theremusthavebeensomethingwrongwiththemachine.
19.Aretheparentswholettheirchildwhois______walkinthedarkaloneatnightconsiderate?
A.youngenoughB.tooyoungtoC.notoldenoughtoD.soyoung
解析：分析句子结构，whoissoyoung在句为修饰的定语,另有letsb.dosth.
20.Ifyouwanttosellyourproductyoumust_____it.
A.advertiseB.advertiseforC.advertiseonD.advertiseto
解析：advertisesth.为……登广告，登广告宣传……advertiseforsth.(sb.)登广告征求或寻找某物或某人
比较：advertisejobs登广告招人advertiseforjobs登广告求职
21.----AnynewsaboutBillClinton?
----Heleftpowerthreeyearsagoandhasalittlenowandalittlethenbeen______.
A.heardofsinceB.heardsinceC.heardbeforeD.heardofbefore
解析：答句可改为Ihaveheardofhimalittlenowandalittlethensinceheleftpowerthreeyearsago.→
Hehasalittlenowandalittlethenheardofsinceheleftpowerthreeyearsago.
22.ProfessorLiuhas________teachpsychologysincehecametotheCentralChinaNormalUniversity.
A.determinationtoB.beendeterminedtoC.beendeterminingtoD.determinedto
解析：Since引导的时间状语从句强调主句谓语动词动作的持续性。
23.TheideaforthenewmachinecametoMr.Baker______tohisinventionrecently.
A.whiledevotingB.whiledevotedC.whilehewasdevotedD.whiledevotinghimself.
解析：while后主语及助动词不能省略，因为两句主语不一致
MrBakerthoughtoftheideaforthenewmachine(B/D)tohisinventionrecently.
24.Howmanyofus______ameetingthatisnotimportanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?
A.attendedB.attendingC.toattendD.haveattended
解析：attendingameetingthatisnotimportanttous做定语
25.Ican_____somenoisewhileI’mstudying,butIcan’tstandveryloudnoise.
A.putupwithB.getridofC.haveeffectsonD.keepawayfrom
解析：从后面的stand可以推断，这里用putupwith表示忍受
26.Beforeleavinghome,makesuretoturnofftheelectricity,lockthedoor,______thewindowsopen.
A.andnottoleaveB.insteadofleavingC.ratherthanleaveD.andnotleave
解析：lock和turn都是不定式肯定形式lock前省略了to,但nottoleave是否定形式，to不可省
27.Amysteriousillness,referredtoas“atypicalphenomena”,hasbeenbroughtundercontrol,thegovernmentsaidonWednesday,______nocauseofithasbeenmadepublic.
A.thoughB.whenC.thatD.because
解析：“尽管”没有病例公布
28.Spaceexplorationhasbeenmade______withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.
A.itpossibleB.itwaspossibleC.thatpossibleD.possible
解析:该句测试是makesb./sth.+adj.结构，如果用A项，后应用todosth.，因为it是形式宾语，代替不定式。
Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,manhasmadespaceexplorationpossible.
29.Wewantsuchmaterials________canbearhightemperatureandpressure.
A.thatB.asC.whatD.which
解析suchmaterialsas引导的是定语从句,as在从句中作主语；而suchmaterialsthat引导的是结果状语从句，that在从句中不充当成分。
30.Hardly___________thedoorwhenherushedintotheofficeoutofbreath.
A.IopenedB.didIopenC.IhadopenedD.hadIopened
解析hardly以及含有否定意义的副词放在句首，句子用倒装结构。
hardly…when/nosooner…than用法相同。
31.Youwillseethisproductwhereveryougo.
A．tobeadvertisedB．advertisedC．advertiseD．advertising
解析see+宾语+宾补（do/doing/done）
Theydiscussedtheplantheywillseecarriedoutthenextyear.
→Theydiscussedtheplan.Theywillseeitcarriedoutthenextyear.
32.ThetimeisnotfarawaymoderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.
A．asB．untilC．beforeD．when
解析句子可改为：ThetimewhenmoderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.when引导定语从句。
33.—Ithoughtyouwouldn’tmind.
—Well,asamatteroffactI;butyoushouldhaveaskedmefirst.
A．didB．doC．won’tD．don’t
解析省略句。Asamatteroffact,Idon’tmind.从but…应看出用否定
34.Itdoesn’tmattertomeImissmytrain,becausethere’sanotheronelater.
A．thatB．ifC．unlessD.when
解析if引导条件状语从句（如果）。
35.Irealizeshecanbeverytroublesome,butIthinkyoushouldapologizeforbeingsoangrywithher.
A．allthesameB．onceinawhileC．inactualfactD．allthetime
解析用法如：----I’msorrythattheshoesdon’tsuitme.
-----Thankyouallthesame.
36.—Doyouthinkshe’sgoingtoleave?—Thehadcrossedmymind.
A．matterB．hopeC．desireD．thought
解析think→thought(想法)
37.wemovethepictureoverthere?Doyouthinkitwilllookbetter?
A．IfonlyB．WhatifC．AsifD．Evenif
解析what…if如果。。。怎么办呢？/即使。。。又有什么关系呢？
Whatifyoufail?即使你失败了又有什么关系呢？
38._________happenedtobenooneinthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout.
A.ItB.ThereC.ThisD.That
解析Therewasnooneinthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout.
DoyouexpecttheretobeapossibilitythatPalestineandIsraelwillmakeapeaceagreementafter
YasserArafardied.
39.Heleftwiththesecretarythathewouldcallagainintheafternoon.Hesaidhewouldkeep.
A．words;hiswordsB．word;hiswordC．word;wordD．theword;hisword
解析word消息,口信时不加冠词.keep/breakone’sword信守/违背诺言(为固定结构)
Ireceivedwordofhissafearrival./Wordcamethat…
40.IamafraidIamnotfitforthejob,foritiscallingformuchpatient.
A．whichB．whatC．oneD．that
解析Itisajob(one)callingformuchpatient.
41.—Why?Whereisthekeytothemeetingroom?—Dearme!Youitinthetaxi!
A．hadneverleftB．didn’tleaveC．neverleftD．haven’tleft
解析Youneverleftitinthetaxi!你不会把它忘在出租车里了吧.(加强语气)
42.—Ididn’tgototheMuseumyesterday.—Yes,butIwouldratheryoutheretoo.
A．wentB．hadgoneC．shouldgoD．wouldhavegone
解析wouldrather+虚拟语气(sbdid/sbhaddone)
Iwouldratheryoustudiedhard.(youdon’tstudyhardatpresent.)
IwouldratherIhadstudiedhardwhenIwasatschool.(IregrettedthatIdidn’tstudiedhardinthepast.)
43.They_______acertainamountofworkingexperiencethroughvolunteerwork.
A.attemptedB.accumulatedC.abandonedD.accomplished
解析考词义accumulate积累;attempt尝试;abandon抛弃,放弃;accomplish完成
44.“Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst.”isaproverb,______lifeisbeautifulandfullof
frustrationsaswell
A.meansB.tomeanC.meaningD.meant
解析meaning=whichmeans
45.Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhis_______wasseenatitsbestwhen
heworkedwithothers.
A.temperB.appearanceC.talentD.character
解析考词义.thebeautyofhischaracter人格的魅力
46.Nowadayssendinge-mailstoeachotherisawaymanyastudent_______whattheythink.
A.conveysB.conveyC.accountD.accounts
解析convey表达Wordscan’tconveymyfeelings.言语无法表达我的心情.
Manya+名词/morethanone+名词/every…andevery…/no…andno…等作主语,虽表示复数意义但谓语动词用单数.
47.Theathletesspentasmuchtimegettingtrainedasthey__studying.
A.wereB.hadC.didD.disliked
解析：did=spent
48.---Hewasnearlydrownedinapool.
---Oh,whenwas___exactly?
---Itwasin1983____hewasswimmingwithhisfriends.
A.this;thatB.that;whenC.that;thatD.what;when
解析：That，it都指那件事第二句补充完整为Hewasnearlydrownedin1983whenhewasswimmingwithhisfriends.
49.---Iamgoingdowntown.---Comeon._________.
Dontdothat.B.Youarewelcome.C.Comewithme.D.Illgiveyoualift.
解析：让某人搭便车
50.---Doesanybodywantanextratickettogotothecinema?
---Whomwouldyourather______withyou,Georgeorme?
A.havegoB.havegoneC.togoD.going
解析：疑问句改为陈诉句youwouldratherhavewhomgowithyou.另短语Havesbdo
51.Themanagingdirectorwasto_______theaccident,althoughitwasnothisfault.
A.beblamedforB.beblamedonC.blameforD.blameon
解析：sbbetoblamefor某人应该受到责备，不用被动结构。
blamesthonsb把责任归咎于某人
52.Whydoesteachingasacareer______manypeople?
A.applyforB.attracttoC.appealtoD.agreewith
解析：applyfor申请attract吸引attractsb/sthto把…吸引到…appealto对…有诱惑力
53.Iadviseyounottoaskhimforadvice,ashewasnotgoodatgettinghisideas____.
A.alongB.awayC.throughD.across
解析：getsthacrosstosb向sb讲清楚；让sb理解sth
54.Scientificresearchresultscannowbequickly_____tofactoryproduction.
A.usedB.appliedC.triedD.practiced
解析：如今科研结果很快被用于工厂生产。
beusedto被用来;习惯于applysthto把…运用于putsthtopractice把…付诸于实践
55.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper______inbroaddaylightyesterday.
A.beingrobbedB.havingbeenrobbedC.tohavebeenrobbedD.robbed
解析:bereported/said/believedtohavedone强调动作已完成
=itisreportedthatthebankwasrobbedinbroaddaylightyesterday.
56.Thetoweronthetopofthehill_______thebeautyofthelake.
A,addsuptoB.addstoC.addsupD.adds
解析:addsupto总计addsto增加，增添adds补充说
57.---Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?---SorrytosayIdidnt.Itwas_____ameetingthanaparty.
A.moreofB.moreorlessC.lessofD.ratherlike
解析moreAthanB与其说是A到不如说是B
58.Withoutproperlessons,youcould____alotofbadhabitswhenplayingthepiano.
A.giveupB.catchupC.keepupD.pickup
解析:pickup无意中学会
59.Heis_______agoodteacher.Heisalsohisstudentsgoodfriend.
A.nomorethanB.notmorethanC.nolessthanD.morethan
解析:nomorethan=only
notmorethan不超过nolessthan=asmuchasmorethan=notonly
60.Mymoney___.ImustgotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsoutbeforeIvenoneinhand.
A.hasrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunningout
解析：我的钱日渐减少了但没用光.Ourfoodsuppliesarerunningout.
61.Thelatestdataputforwardbythestatessuggestedthatthebusiness___improving.
A.wasB.beC.beingD.should
解析：此句主要结构为Thelatestdatasuggestedthat…且suggested为“暗示，表明”从句不用虚拟。
62.Itwasdark.Wedecidedto______forthenightatafarmhouse.
A.putawayB.putdownC.putupD.puton
解析：putaway收好，保存好（2）把…放在一边putdown写下，记下；镇压
putup留sb过夜；举起puton穿上
63.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,shewantedtobe.
A．whoB．thatC．whatD．which
解析：which引导定语从句，修饰先行词alawyer
64.Thedriverwasat___losswhen____wordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.
A.a;/B.a;theC.the;theD./;/
解析：ataloss茫然，不知所措word表“消息，信息”为无冠词名词Wordcamethat…消息传来说……
65.EuropehasachievedmoreincontrollingtheAIDSvirusthanAsiainthepasttenyears,_________thenumberofpeopleinfectedwiththevirusisgoingupsharply.
A.whenB.thatC.sothatD.where
解析：where=inwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词Asia，即“在亚洲被病毒感染的人数一直在急剧上升。”
66.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitmaybesometime
___________thesituationimproves.
A.sinceB.whenC.unlessD.before
解析：Itmay/will（not）be…before…
Itwas（not）…before…Itis（hasbeen）…since…
67.----Howdoyoufindourcompany?
----Alittleworried.We_________groundasaleaderinthefieldofITwiththeothersspeedingupdevelopment.
A.havelostB.arelosingC.lostD.werelosing
解析：根据答句“Alittleworried.”可知我们还未失去领先地位，正逐步失去。
68.ThenewcomerisfromTibet,________Icantellfromhisappearance.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.who
解析：which引导定语从句，指代前面整个句子ThenewcomerisfromTibet，
69.Thereportsaidabuswentoutofcontrolonahighwaysouthofthecityandrushedintoariver.
A．the,theB．/,theC．the,/D．/,/
解析：outofcontrol失去控制tothesouthofthecity在这座城市的南边（tothe可省）
70.Thehusbandrushedtothehospitalheheardthathiswifewasinjured.
A．atthemomentB．forthemomentC．inamomentD．themoment
解析：名词引导时间状语从句
themoment=theminute/theinstant=immediately/directly(adv.)=assoonas(conj.)
71.allkindsofknowledge,hewasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.
A．EquippedwithB．HavingequippedforC．ArmedforD．Havingarmedwith
解析：考查非谓语动词（与主句动作无先后关系）。
arm/equipsb.withsth.→bearmed/equippedwith
Armedwithspecialguns,knivesandbrushes,twospacewalkingastronautspracticedfixingthespacecraft.
72.—Howdoyoutoherunkindlybehavior?—Onlysilence.
Whichofthefollowingiswrong?
A．reactB．answerC．replyD．respond
解析：react/reply/respondtosb./sth.answersb./sth.
73.Don’tworry,sheisaccustomedtolikethat.
A．beingspokentoB．bespokenC．beingspokenD．speak
解析：beaccustomedto（doing）sth.=beusedto（doing）sth.习惯（做）某事
speaktosb.→bespokento
74.alltheshortcomingsyoumentioned,heisamantobedependedon.
A．InspiteB．AlthoughC．ThoughD．Despite
解析：despite=inspiteof（介词）后跟名词；Although/Though（连词）后跟从句
75.Thesoldierwasofrunningawaywhentheenemyattached.
A．scoldedB．chargedC．accusedD．punished
解析：beaccusedof=bechargedwith被指控……
bescolded/punishedfor…因……而被责骂/惩罚
76.About698,000laptopsweresoldinChinainsecondquarter,12.1percentincreasefromayearago.
A.a；aB.the；aC.the；theD.a；the
解析：考查冠词．第一空表示“在第二季度”，序数词前用定冠词，而第二空中心词是increase,此处用作可数名词，其前用不定冠词．
77.___weadmitthattherearestillsomeproblemsaboutNMET,wedontmeanthatitisofnouse.
A.UntilB.WhileC.AsD.Unless
解析：考查状语从句．句意为：虽然我们承认高考英语(NME丁)仍然存在问题，但是我们并不是说它起不了什么作用．while在此处相当于although，意为“虽然”．
Whileyoumayberight,Ican’taltogetheragreewithyou.
Whiletheseahasofferedpeoplefoodforthousandsofyears,itswallowedthousandsoflivesinonedayinthetsunamiinSoutheasternAsia.
78.IthowlongtheshockthatexplosionshitLondontransportsystemwillstayinpeopleshearts.
A.abandonsB.considersC.matters.D.minds
解析：考查动词辨析．句意为：袭击伦敦交通系统所带来的震惊在人们的内心会持续多长时间那是最要紧的．it系形式主语．matter:要紧．至关重要．
79.—Didyouknowmoreaboutthemineaccident?
—Oh,sorry,Ihadnoidea.ItheRescueCenternow.
A.willbephoningB.amtophoneC.willphoneD.phone
解析：考查时态。解题时切勿受now的影响而误用进行时，根据语境应表示“我马上打电话去问”。will：可表示意愿．
80.—Thegovernmentshouldthinkaboutthemedicalreformagainandtakemeasurestoimproveit.
—_________.Themedicalservicesandefficiencyarenotgoodatthemoment.
A.YoureconfusingmeB.IcannotagreemoreC.ThatsallrightD.Goahead,please
解析：考查交际用语．从该题整个语境上看，答话人应赞成上文所叙述的情况．故选B。
81.---Thanksforyourtrouble.---Notatall.I’m_____pleasedtohelpyou.
A.toomuchB.tooonlyC.somuchD.onlytoo
解析：onlytoo极为，非常tooeager/ready/glad/willingtodosth.非常想干某事
Theboyistooeagertogetageographybook.
82.ThatnightIfeltespeciallylazyandwenttobed____earlierthanusual.
A.quiteB.ratherC.fairlyD.so
解析：rather可修饰too、比较级；quite、fairly、so修饰原级
83.Deepintheforest_____,whomadenocontactwiththeoutsideworld.
A.livingacoupleB.wereacouplelivingC.didacoupleliveD.livedacouple
解析：地点状语“Deepintheforest”位于句首，全部倒装
84.Lookatthefloor,Tom!youwatchTVwhilehavingameal?
A.ShouldB.CouldC.WouldD.Must
解析：Must表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦“非得、偏要”
Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?你就非得弄出这么大声吗？
85.,aformmustbefilledin.
A.ToaskforhisjobB.Inordertogethisjob
C.MakingrequestforhisjobD.Ifyouwanttogetthisjob
解析：作状语的分词和不定式的逻辑主语必须与主句保持一致。
86.Ispentthewholedayrepairingthemotorbike.Theworkwaseasy.
A.nothingbutB.somethingC.allexceptD.anythingbut
解析：anythingbut根本不
87.theplanhasbeenmade,let’sgetdowntoitout.
A.Nowthat...carryB.Because...carryC.Since...carryingD.Now...putting
解析：getdowntodoingsth.to为介词，开始认真做某事
88.Withhisson,theoldmanfeltunhappy.
A.disappointedB.tobedisappointedC.disappointingD.beingdisappointed
解析：disappointing使人失望
89．Heonceworkedinacompany,hewentabroadforfurtherstudy.
A．fromwhichB．afterthatC．afterwhichD．fromthis
90．Ihaven’tseenMaggiesinceIcamehere.
A．aslovelyagirlasB．soalovelygirlas
C．girlaslovelyasD．asalovelygirlas
解析：as+形容词+冠词+名词+as
91．Thefruitfreshinhisfruitstandsellswell.
A．lookingB．lookedC．lookD．tobelooked
解析：look为连系动词
92．—Really?Whowillgivelecture?Whatisitabout?
—ProfessorChen,presidentofBeijingUniversity.Aboutpollution.
A．the;aB．the;/C．a;theD．a;/
解析：president作同位语，前不加冠词。
93．Thereisanewprobleminthepopularityofprivatecarsroadconditionsneedtobeimproved.
A．involving;thatB．involved;that
C．involved;whereD．involving;which
解析：beinvolvedin,that引导的同位语从句。
94．thatthereisnoopposition,Iwillreportittothegeneralmanager.
A．ToprovideB．BeprovidedC．HavingprovidedD．Providing
解析：providedthat,providingthat假如
95．ProfessorSmithhaswrittensomeshortstories,butheisknownforhisplays.
A．betterycyB．moreC．bestD．most
解析：bewellknown
96．infarawaynorthwest,thisplacehasitsbeautifulfreshair.
A．BeinglocatedB．LocatedC．locatingD．Tobelocated
解析：belocatedin
97．SomefriendstriedtosettlethequarrelbetweenMr.andMrs.Brownwithouthurtingthefeelingof,butfailed.
A．noneB．eitherC．bothD．neither
解析：either指两者中的任何一个
98．It’snotbooksyoureadbutthewayyoureadthemthatdecideshowsuccessfullyyougainknowledge.
A．anumberof;inwhichB．thenumberof;/
C．agoodmany;whichD．quiteafew;inwhich
解析：强调句型，不是你读的数量而是你读的方式
99．Birdflu,acontagiousdiseaseofanimals,isbelievedbyvirusesthatnormallyinfectonlybirdsandlesscommonlypigs,andrarelyhumans.
A．causedB．beingcausedC．tobecausedD．tohavecaused
100．Thepolicegottowasonceanoldschoolthepeasantsusedasastore.
A．what,thatYCYB．where,whichC．where,thatD．which,where
解析：what等于theplacethat后为that引导的定语从句。
101．Thisisthelastchancetogoabroadforfurthereducation;don’t.
A．takeitawayB．giveitawayC．putitawayD．throwitaway
解析：throwaway把（机会等）丢掉，白费
102．Themanagerdecidedtogivethejobtohebelievedhadastrongsenseofduty.
A．whoB．whomC．whomeverD．whoever
解析：whoever作to的宾语和定语从句的主语
103．Aseverybodyknows,HongKongusedtobe_____partof_____BritishEmpire．
A．不填;aB．a;theC．不填;theD．the;不填
解析：theBritishEmpire大英帝国
104．_____wecelebrateafestivalitchangesalittleandinthatwaywekeepourculturealive．
A．SometimeB．EachtimeC．FromtimetotimeD．Manyatime
解析：eachtime后接从句
105.Doesthiscargiveyougood_____foryourmoney?
A.valueB.priceC.worthD.cost
解析goodvalueformoney值得花那么多的钱
106.TheInternethasbroughtbigchangesinthewaywework．
A．aboutB．outC．backD．up
解析bringabout引起
107.---CanIhelpyou,sir?---Yes.Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit_____.
A.didntworkB.wouldntworkC.cantworkD.doesntwork
解析doesn’twork一般现在的情况
108.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone__________getout.
A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
解析beableto含有成功的做成某事的意思
109.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith__________.
AeverythingBanythingCnothingDnone
解析not…everything部分否定，不是所有的都
110.---Youweretiredoutafterthemountainclimbing,werentyou?
---Yes,______.Icouldhardlyrisetomyfeet.
A.notatallB.notalittleC.notabitD.notreally
解析notalittle=verymuch非常
111.----DoesJimdohisnewjobwell?
----__________hisoldjob.
----Howstupid!Ifeartheresnohopeforhim.
A.NobetterthanB.NotbetterthanC.NosowellasD.Noaswellas
解析nobetterthan=asbadas
112.---Peterwaskilledinacaraccident!
---Italkedwithhimyesterdaymorning.
AWhatapity!B.Ibegyourpardon.C.Sorrytohearthat.D.Isthatso?
解析听到这个消息很难过
113.—CanIhelpyou?
—Iwant_________thesenicerosesforLucy’sbirthday.
A．twodozenofB．twodozenC．twodozenD．twodozensof
解析关键词these数词+dozen/score可直接修饰可数名词，后面的名词前若有后物主代词，介词短语时，中间必须加of
114.Itisinthisveryvillage,Marywasborn35yearsago,shewillbuildherfirstschool,
inspireseveryonetohelpher.
A．where;that;whichB．that;that;that
C．that;when;whichD．where;when;that
解析where引导定语从句，that引导强调句，which引导定语从句修饰前面的句子.
115.Peoplearealwaysonthego,sotheyspendtheirweekendonhousework.
A．mostB．almostC．mostlyD．nearly
解析beonthego非常繁忙mostly几乎全部，多半
116.Atlastthetwocompaniesanagreementandbegantotradewitheachother.
A．cameB．concludedC．arrivedD．make
解析concludesthwithsb达成，缔结（条约等）eg:BritainconcludedatradeagreementwithChina
117.—WhereChongqingdoyoudecidetobuildthefactory?
—Nobodyourmanagerknows.
A．except;besidesB．but;besidesC．but;butD．except;besides
解析将别的地方和别的人除外
118.Sothatallthelivingthingsdiedoutgradually.
A．seriouspollutedthelakeisB．seriouspollutedisthelake
C．seriouslypollutedthelakeisD．seriouslypollutedisthelake
解析倒装句型so+adj/ad+（被修饰词）+主语，谓语
119.—WhywasProfessorZhangunhappyrecently？
—Becausethetheoryheinsistedon_________wrong.
A.provedB.provingC.beingprovedD.wasproved
解析heinsistedon作定语，prove联系动词
120.Nowadays,withinashortwalkalongabusystreet,youare_________tofindachainstore_________—afast-foodrestaurant,abakery,orasupermarket.
A.probable;somekindsB.likely;ofsomekindC.possible;somekindofD.unlikely;somekindof
解析sbbelikelytodosthofsomekind后置定语修饰achainshore
121.Teenagersarewarnedtobecarefulwhenmakingfriendsonline,becausewhenyoucan’tseeaperson,theycouldbe__________.
A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody
解析anybody任何人
122.Childrenaretiredoflearningoftenbecausetheyare__________todobetterthantheycan,bothatschoolandathome.
A.suggestedB.expectedC.hopedD.helped
解析expectsbtodosth
.123—Doyoufeellike_________thereorshallwetakeabus？
—I’dliketowalk.Butsincethereisn’tmuchtimeleft,I’dratherwe_______ataxi.
A.walking;hiredB.towalk;hireC.towalk;hiredD.walking;hire
解析feellikedoingsth想要做某事wouldratherthat…did后接虚拟语气
124.Iwonderwhatitfeelsliketobeoneof____reallyrich.TheBrowsalreadyhaveRollsRoyceandnowtheyarebuying_____third.
　A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.不填;the
解析:the+adj.结构therich富人a在这里表示“又一，再一”
125.---HaveyougotusedtotheChinesefood,Robert?
---Yes.ButIdontlike_____whenaChinesehostkeepsservingmethefoodIdontlike.
A.thisB.thatC.thoseD.it
解析:it指代一种情况eg.Ihateitwhenyoutalktomewithyourmouthfulloffood.
126.---Whatsthedifferencebetweenthefirsthouseandthesecond?
---Thefirsthousehasagaragewhilethesecondhas_____.
A.noone　B.nothing　C.neither　D.none
解析:none指数量上一个也没有，
127.IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIsucceeded_______.
A.firstallB.inallC.atallD.afterall
解析:afterall“毕竟，终究”
128.Wesawafilmyesterdayafternoon,_____wehadsupperinanearbyrestaurant.
A.whenB.whichC.beforeitD.afterwhich
解析:定语从句。吃晚饭在昨天午后after+which
129.Therecomesatimeineverymanslife_____.
A.thatheneedstothink　B.whenhehastothink
C.thereforehehastoworkhardD.thenhewillneedit
解析:定语从句。
130.Onthethirdfloortherearetworooms,_____isusedasameeting-room.
A.oneofthem　B.thelargerofwhichC.andalargerofthemD.thelargestoneofwhich
解析:两间房间所以用比较级不用最高级，排除D。A前加and，C中必须用the
131.---Thethreadofmykitebrokeanditflewaway.
---Itoldyouitwouldeasilybreak_____wastheweakest.
　A.whereB.theplacewhereC.foritD.whereit
解析:D由where引导的状语从句
132.Isittrue______therainstops,itwillbeashotasinthesummerhere?
A.whenB.thatwhenC.wheneverD.that
解析:that引导宾语从句，其中包含when引导的状语从句
133.Myparentsused_____theyhadtogetanewcarformybrother.
A.whatB.whichC.allwhatD.不填
解析:宾语从句。引导词what在句中充担宾语
134.Amodernuniversityhasbeensetupin______usedtobeadesertedland.
AwhichB.thatC.whatD.where
解析:宾语从句。What在从句中作主语
135.---Didyouvisitthefamousmuseum?
　---No.We______it.Butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.
A.canthavevisited　B.couldhavevisited
C.musthavevisited　D.shouldnthavevisited
解析:shouldn’thavedone表示本不应住事实上作了
136．—Doyouregretnothavinggoneabroad?
—WhyshouldI?Iasmuch,butI’mgladtodevotemyselftoourmotherland.
A．didn’tearnB．don’tearnC．hadn’tearnedD．haven’tearned
解析:强调现在不能
137．Halfofthem,is50,canspeakfluentChinese.
A．thatB．whichC．whoD．it
解析:thatis/thatistosay也就是说
138．Ifyourmotherdoesn’tagree,thereisnothingyoucandothanstayathome.
A．ratherB．moreC．otherD．better
解析:otherthan表示除了相当于except
139．—Doyouthinkisright,otherssay.—Yes,I.
A．all;what;doB．allthat;whatever;canC．what;what;canD．what;whatever;will
解析:Ddowhat（=allthat）onecan（do）todosth
140.Womenmayhavesixmonths_______aftertheygivebirthtoababy.
A.offB.aboutC.onD.to
解析:表示不工作，休息
141.Ifyou_______themedicine,you_______betternow.
A.took;wouldfeelB.hadtaken;feltC.hadtaken;wouldfeelD.took;wouldhavefelt
解析:这是错综时间条件句。从句和过去的事实不相符，主句与现在的事实不相符
142.DuetoTom’sjoke,thediscussion__________andwentoninafriendlyatmosphere(气氛)。
A.sawanendB.cametoendC.cametolifeD.cheeredup
解析:cametolife表示生机勃勃，活跃起来
143．Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture；butwe’vedecidedtoit.Itmightbevaluable．
A．holdontoB．keepupwithC．turntoD．1ookafter
解析:表示抓住，固守，不放弃
144．Intheofproof,thepolicecouldnottakeactionagainsttheman.
A．lackB．shortageC．absenceD．failure
解析：intheabsenceof缺少
145．Thenovel“TheDaVinciCode”agreatsuccessandwastranslatedinto44languagesin2004.
A．appreciatedB．enjoyedYCYC．wonD．seized
解析：enjoyvt.享有良好的事物enjoygoodhealth身体健康enjoylargesales畅销
146.Itwasnearlyanhour____thesleepingpill______effect.
A.when;tookB.before;tookC.since;hadD.before;had
解析:Itwas+一段时间+before…表示“过了….才…”takeeffect表示（药等）见效；（法规等）生效
147．You’llsoonafteryouspendseveraldaysontheseaside.
A．holdupYCYB．bringupC．pickupD．takeup
解析：（健康，景气，事态）恢复，变好
148.OurTVsetssellwell,buttenyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedsuchabigshareinthemarketthatthey____.
A.werehavingB.hadhadC.weretohaveD.had
解析：十年前没有想到将来会占有这么大的市场份额
149.Lifeintheoceansrangesfromthetiniestplankton(浮游生物)______togiantslikesharksandwhales.
A.allthewayB.inthewayC.bythewayD.ontheway
解析:Aalltheway表示一路上，一直
150.---ArethereanyEnglishstory-booksforusstudentsinthelibrary?
---Thereareonlyafew,_______________.
A.ifanyB.ifsomeC.ifmanyD.ifmuch
解析：ifany是ifthereareanybooks的省略句，意思是说“如果有任何书的话，也只有几本”。

able有才干的，能干的adaptable适应性强的
active主动的，活跃的aggressive有进取心的
ambitious有雄心壮志的amiable和蔼可亲的
amicable友好的analytical善于分析的
apprehensive有理解力的aspiring有志气的，有抱负的
audacious大胆的，有冒险精神的capable有能力的，有才能的
careful办理仔细的candid正直的
competent能胜任的constructive建设性的
cooperative有合作精神的creative富创造力的
dedicated有奉献精神的dependable可靠的
diplomatic老练的，有策略的disciplined守纪律的
dutiful尽职的well--educated受过良好教育的
efficient有效率的energetic精力充沛的
expressivity善于表达faithful守信的，忠诚的
frank直率的，真诚的generous宽宏大量的
genteel有教养的gentle有礼貌的
humorous有幽默impartial公正的
independent有主见的industrious勤奋的
ingenious有独创性的motivated目的明确的
intelligent理解力强的learned精通某门学问的
logical条理分明的methodical有方法的
modest谦虚的objective客观的
precise一丝不苟的punctual严守时刻的
realistic实事求是的responsible负责的
sensible明白事理的sporting光明正大的
steady踏实的systematic有系统的
purposeful意志坚强的sweet-tempered性情温和的
temperate稳健的tireless孜孜不倦的

相关知识

高考英语单项选择考点详解

2010高考英语单项选择考点详解
备考期间同学们往往忙于做题而疏于整理和静下心来仔细地研究，其实研究往年各地的高考试题不难发现有些考点几乎是每年必考，因此归纳总结这些考点是很有必要的！
下面我们对一些常见的选择题考点进行归纳解析：
首先，我们看一下他的命题原则有哪些？
①突出语篇=====》首先要能理解句意，读懂题干的大意。
②强调应用=====》结合所学考点，确定考察方向。
③注重实际=====》要注重与现实相结合。（在多个选项满足语法，要考虑实际情况）
④体现能力=====》在选择题的考察中，着重考察学生的综合解题能力。
然后，我们以一道题带同学们体味一下如何正确地解答英语选择题
我们利用还原法解如下例题：
Ratherthan____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_____abicycle.
　A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding
解答：　题干实际上是个倒装句，将其还原成正常形式为：Healwaysprefer____abicycleratherthan____onacrowdedbus.这样我们就很清楚地看出该句考查的句型是：prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.结构，因此最佳答案应是C.
下面，我们对一些常考的类型进行归纳：
（1）冠词
1、Nowadays________Internetisbecomingincreasinglypopularandnewhighspeedbroadbandnetworkwasrecentlystarted.
A.a;theB.the;aC.a;aD.the;the

选B。本题主要考查冠词的用法。Internet为特指对象；而一条高速的新宽带网为泛指，用不定代词a。

2、Thepoetandpianistisgoingtogiveusatalkthisafternoon.
A.aB.theC.不填D.an

选C。当and并列的是同一事物、同一人或同一概念时，其后面的名词前不用冠词。若在pianist前加the，则是指thepoet和thepianist两个人，而题目中的thepoetandpianist是指一个人，即这个人即是诗人又是钢琴家。
注意：冠词这里，不要忙于题海战术，也不要死记语法书上的那些规则，而是要在备考阶段多读，培养语感，再结合自己所学解题，这是很关键的。
（2）形容词、副词极其级别

1、Hearrivedhereatnoon,﹍﹍intheday,andhewentoutandcameback﹍﹍intheday.
A.late;lateB.late;later
C.later;lateD.later;later

选C。later为副词，意为“后来”，comebacklate“回来晚了”。

2、Afterthenewtechniquewasintroducedthefactoryproducedcarsin1994astheyearbefore.
A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwice
C.twiceasmanyD.twiceas

选C。倍数表达式：A+be+倍数+as+adj./adv.(原级)+as+B。又如：Thebookistentimesasthickasthatone。

3、MrSmith,ofthespeech,startedtoreadanovel.
A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored
C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring

选A。tiredof…是过去分词短语作状语，boring是现在分词作定语。
（3）代词

1、Thecustomerdidn’tchoose______ofthecoatsandwentawaywithoutlookingatathirdone.
A.bothB.all
C.anyD.either
选D。not与both,all连用为部分否定，与anyeither连用为完全否定。且两个coats不可用all，故据题意，应用完全否定。

2、Hewishestomakefriendswith____shareshishobbiesandinterests.
A.whoeverB.nomatterwho
C.whoeverD.anyone

选C。此题with后面的空格要求接一个连接代词,这个词必须能在句子中作主语,又能连接这个名词性从句,整个句子作with的宾语。故选C。

3、______sideofthestreetisliedwithdifferentshops,______ofwhichsellelectronicproducts.
A.Both;bothB.Either;all
C.Neither;eitherD.Either;both
选B。根据句中的islinedwith可知第一空只能填either，且根据语境可确定第二空填all。

（4）动词短语积及动词词义及辨析
1、Whenherealizedthepolicehadseenhim,theman______theexitasquicklyaspossible.
A.madeupB.madefor
C.madeoutD.madeoff

选B。makefor…表示“向某地走去”；makeoff后常接介词，表示“从……跑掉”；makeout有“看出；理解；开(收据等)；进展；装出”等含义；makeup有“编造；和解；弥补；化装；构成”等含义。

2、LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpotherswhentheyareintroubleandhenever_______theirrequest.
A.turnsupB.turnsoverC.turnsinD.turnsdown
B.
选D。本题考查短语动词的区别。turnup的意思是“将音量调高”、“出现，露面“；turnover意思是“打翻，移交；翻身”；而turnin表示“上交”；turndown表示“将音量等调低或拒绝”的意思。结合上下文的意思应该选D。

★★★积累是关键!!!

（5）时态和语态

1、Goodevening.I_______toseeMissMary.
---Oh,goodevening.I’msorry,butsheisnotin.
A.cameB.comeC.havecomeD.hadcome

选C。本题主要考查动词时态的用法。选项A表示过去所发生的事情；B表示经常性或习惯性的动作；C表示目前的情况和影响；D时态不符合对话的时间和语境。

2、TheIndianOceantsunamiattheendof2004isbelieved_____morethan160,000peopleandmademillionshomeless,_______itperhapsthemostdestroyingtsunamiinhistory.
A.tokill;makingB.tohavekilled;making
C.havingkilled;tomakeD.killing;made

选B。本题考查句型结构及非谓语动词的意义。根据believe句型，believesb./sthtobe/tohavedone可以知道，第一空填tohavekilled;第二空的非谓语动词表示结果，动词的-ing形式表示事情发展的自然结构，而不定式表示出乎意料的结果。
3、.---Whydidyouputthewoodnearthefire?It’sdangerous.
---Don’tworry.Wetwoodwon’t_______.
A.burntB.beburntC.beburningD.burn

选D。容易选B。本题考查动词的主动形式表示被动含义的用法。Burn可以用主动形式表示被动意义。类似的动词还有read,write,sell,open等。

4、Inmyopinion,allMrTom______goodtohisstudentsinhisclassatpresent.Heisverystrictintheirstudy.
A.doesdoesdoesB.doesdodo
C.doesdoesdoD.diddodoes

选C。MrTomdoes为定语从句修饰all,后面的doesdo是谓语动词的强调形式。Dogoodto是“对…….有好处”的意思。

5、Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatsheill,andherparentssuggestedthatshemedicalexamination.
A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have
C.shouldbe;haveD.was;has

选B。当动词suggest作“建议”解时，后面的宾语从句用“(should)+动词原形”；作“暗示；表明”解时用陈述语气。

（6）定语从句

1、ElbertEinstein,for______lifehadoncebeenveryhard,wassuccessfullaterinscience.
A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.his

选A。容易选B。原因是受思维定势的影响认为whoselife是一个整体。定语从句的主语应该是life，本句可以改写为:lifehadoncebeenveryhardforhim,所以在定语从句中介词for还缺少了一个宾语。所以选A。
2、______hetoldusisthenews_______Chinahasgot32goldmedalsinthe28thOlympicGamesinAthens,_________,ofcourse,madethenationsfeelsveryexcited.
A.What;which;whichB.That;that;which
C.What;that;whichD.That;that;what

选C。第一空用what作told的宾语构成主语从句；第二个空用that引导同位语从句，说明thenews的具体内容；第三个空用which引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子所表达的内容。

3、Acomputerissousefulamachine________wecanuseeverywhere.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

选C。本题考查句子结构和关系代词的选用。首先表示认清句子结构，use后面应该接一个及物动词，先行词应该充当宾语，而前面出现souseful不能用that与which来修饰，可以排除。另外，what不能引导定语从句。

（7）状语从句及连词
1、Everythingdependson________wehaveenoughtime.
A.thatB.howC.ifD.whether

选D。介词之后以及动词discuss之后的宾语从句一般用whether，而不用if来引导。

2、______IhaddoneitIknewIhadmadeamistake.
A.HardlyB.DirectlyC.MostlyD.Nearly

选B。第一眼看四个词从形式上看都是以-ly结尾的形容词，但从句子结构看，空白处需要填连词。但不少学生受hardly…when…影响，可能很容易选A。其实，directly/immediately等少数副词具有连词的功能用来连接两个句子，意思是“一…….就…..”，相当于assoonas,themoment等用法。

3、—Whatshouldwepaymoreattentiontoifwegonorthinwinter,Mum?
—Nothingmuch.Takewarmclothes
theweatheriscold.
A.aslongasB.nowthat
C.ifD.incase

选D。本题主要考查连接词的意义及对句子间的意义、关系的理解。aslongas意思是“只要”，表示条件；nowthat意思是“既然；由于”，表示原因；if意思是“如果”，表示条件；incare意思是“以防，万一；免得”，表示条件。根据句子间的意义及关系可知本题的正确答案选D。

（8）名词性从句
1、______youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether

选C。本句的谓语动词是is，前面是一个主语从句；“youdon’tlikehim”是一个意思完整的句子，从句不需要任何有词义的连词引导，that只起连接作用，无词义，所以选C。

2、Iwonder______youweredoinglastnight.
A.itwaswhatthatB.whatwasitthat
C.thatwhatitwasD.whatitwasthat

选D。本题强调特殊疑问词。宾语从句用陈述句语序。其中特殊疑问词在句中做宾语从句的宾语。

（9）情态动词和虚拟语气

1、---IwonderwhyMrGreenhasn’tshowedupatthemeetingyet.
---I’mnotsure,buthe_______inatrafficjamdrivinghere.
A.couldbestuckB.mightstuck
B.mighthavebeenstuckD.musthavestuck
C.
选C。表示对过去已经发生事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成时形式，但might的可能性不大；结合上下文的意思可以知道应该用被动形式。

2、—Whydidn’tyoucometoMike’sbirthdaypartyyesterday?
—Well,I____,butIforgotit.
A.shouldB.mustC.shouldhaveD.musthave

选C。shouldhave的后面省略了come。shouldhavecome表示“本应该而实际上没有”。

3.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatsheill,andherparentssuggestedthatshemedicalexamination.
A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have
C.shouldbe;haveD.was;has

选B。当动词suggest作“建议”解时，后面的宾语从句用“(should)+动词原形”；作“暗示；表明”解时用陈述语气。

（10）非谓语动词

1、TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)finallyopeneditsdoortoChinaonNovember10,______ourChinese15-yearwait.
A.toendB.ended
C.endingD.ends

选C。本题考查非谓语动词的区别与用法。v-ing形式在句中表示结果时，多指“顺理成章的”或“意料之内的”结果。

2、___________afineday,ShenzhouVIwillbelaunchedontimeaccordingtoitsplannedtime.
A.BeingB.ItbeingC.TobeD.Itis（注意非谓语动词与独立主格的区别）

选B。本题考查独立主格结构。前一分句和后一分句在逻辑上存在因果关系，可以排除答案D。因为前面的分词的逻辑主语不可能是后面一个分句的逻辑主语，故前一分句要有一个逻辑主语it表示天气。

3、Thankyouforthetroublemewiththework.
A.having;helpingB.taking;helping
C.taking;tohelpD.having;tohelp

选C。takethetroubletodo意思是“不辞辛苦地做”。

（11）交际用语

1、—IsthisMr.White’soffice,Mary?
—Yes,_____.
A.that’sallrightB.itdoesn’tmatter
C.afteryouD.pleaseyourself

选C。“afteryou!”“您先请！”根据语境，C正确。

2、—Ishouldhavegonetothewonderfulconcertwithyouyesterday.
—_____.Ifpossible,IwishIwouldhaveanothersuchchance.
A.Yes,youshouldB.Takeiteasy
C.WhatashameD.Don’tworry

选C。表示遗憾，并希望下次有机会去。

3、—What’sgoingon?
—______
A.No,wewon’tgoon.Weneedrest.
B.TheTimesTheatreisonfire.
C.I’mgoingontellingthestory.
D.Howaboutsomeicecream?
选B。“What’sgoingon?”意为“出什么事了？”,由此可以得出B与问句意思想一致。而A为一般疑问句的回答不符合。

「真题训练」
（1）冠词
1.Iwonderwhatitfeelsliketobeoneof____reallyrich.TheBrowsalreadyhaveRollsRoyceandnowtheyarebuying_____third.
2.A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.不填;the
2．---Whatdoyouthinkabout____dressintheshopwindow?
　---Oh,itsbeautiful.Shewillbepleasedifshecanhaveitas____birthdaypresent.
A.a;aB.a;the　C.the;a　D.the;the
3.OnNovember11,2004,PalestinianslearntthatYasserArafat,_____symboloftheirstruggle,diedin_____Parishospital.
A.a;/B.the;aC.a;theD.the;the
4.---Itsreportedthatnearly150,000peoplelosttheirlivesinAsiantsunamis(海啸).
　---Yes,______newscameas_____shocktome.
A.the;aB.the;theC.a;aD.a;the
5.---Howmanypeoplearestillleading_____lifeunder______povertylineintheworld?
　---Perhapsonefourth.
A.the;不填　B.a;theC.a;aD.不填;不填
（2）代词
6.---ItissaidthatJackisveryrichandgoestoworkinhisownnewcareveryday.Whatishe?
　---_______,Iamnotsure.
A.SomebodyofamanagerB.Somethingofamanager
C.Anyoneofamanager　D.Anythingofamanager
　
7.Astheyareretired,MrandMrsScottpreferahouseinthecountrytospendtheirlateyearsto_____inalargecity.
A.likeB.itC.oneD.that
8.---HaveyougotusedtotheChinesefood,Robert?
　---Yes.ButIdontlike_____whenaChinesehostkeepsservingmethefoodIdontlike.
A.thisB.thatC.thoseD.it
9.---Excuseme,wheresthetea-room?
　---Itsrightoverthere.CanIhelpyouwith_____?
　---No,thanks.
A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything
10.---CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?
　---Imafraid_____dayispossible.
A.either　B.someC.neither　D.any
11.---Whatsthedifferencebetweenthefirsthouseandthesecond?
　---Thefirsthousehasagaragewhilethesecondhas_____.
A.noone　B.nothing　C.neither　D.none
（3）形容词、副词极其级别
12．Thehouserentisexpensive.IvegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandImpaying_____here.
A.asmuchthreetimes　B.muchasthreetimes
C.twicetimesmuchD.threetimesasmuch
13．---WeareleavingonJune15.
---Sowhynotcometospend_____dayswithus?Imserious.
A.alltheselastfew　B.thesealllastfew
C.theselastfewall　D.alllastthesefew
14.Shelooksmorebeautifulwhenshewearsher____skirt.
A.greentightnewsilkB.newtightgreensilk
C.silknewtightgreenD.tightsilkgreennew
15.Itstoolatetogooutnow.____,itsstartingtorain.
A.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.Besides　D.Anyhow
16.Thispairofshoesdoesntlookgood,butthatpairis_____better,Ithink.
A.rather　B.less　C.evenD.hardly
（4）动词短语积及动词词义及辨析
17．Shoppingonlinecan_____bothconvernienceandchoice,butnot_____websitesaresafeenoungforshopping.
A.charge;eitherB.supply;anyC.offer;allD.provide;both
18．---Whenshallwestart?
---Lets_____thetimeforthetrip.Whatabout8:30?Isthatallright?
A.set　B.meetC.makeD.take
19.---WouldyouliketocometothedinnerpartyhereonSaturday?
　---Thankyou.Idloveto,_____Illhavetofinishallmyhomeworkbeforetheweeked,otherwise,myparentswontletmego.
A.because　B.andC.soD.but
20.NowRobert,afootballfaninourclass,_____romeofhisdailyallowancegivenbyhisparentsinordertobuyanewfootball.
A.isgivingawayB.isthrowingaway
C.isputtingaway　D.istakingaway
21．Johnhasputonsomuchweightrecentlythathismotherhasto_____allhistrouserstohismeasure.
A.letoutB.giveawayC.bringinD.makeup
22．---Thoseshoeswont_____formountain-climbing.
---_____thispairbeOK?
A.help;ShallB.work;MayC.do;WillD.get;Would
23．Bill,oftenregardedasoneofthebeststudentsinhisclass,_____tobestudentwhocheatedintheexam.
A.cameoutB.letoutC.sentoutD.turnedout
24.IhadntintendedtogetmuchfromthebusinessIranthefirstyear,whileit____sowell.
A.wentoutB.carriedoutC.madeoutD.turnedout
25.Hetookpityonthepeopleintheflooded-areasand______hisclothesandquiltstothem.
A.gaveawayB.gaveoutC.sentoutD.threwaway
26.Hemighthave_____hisideaabouttheartattheexhibitionmuchbetterifhehadplannedwhathewantedtosay.
A.carriedoutB.workedoutC.thoughtoutD.madeout
（5）时态和语态
27.---Rememberthefirsttimewe____,Ed?
　---Ofcourse,Ido.You_____asongonthestage.
A.havemet;sang　B.met;sang　C.met;weresinging　D.havemet;havesung
28.---Imsorry,buttheresnosmokingroominthissectiononthetrain.
　---Oh,I_____that,andIwontsmokeagain.
A.dontknowB.wontknowC.didntknowD.haventknown
29.Hi,Bill.I_____you_____inthiscity.Howlonghavebeenhere?
A.didntknow;wereB.dontkow;areC.haventknown;areD.dontknow;were
30.---Sorry,Mum.Ivelostmypenagain.
---I_____it!Youneverremembertoputyourthingsawayafterusingthem.
A.knewB.knowC.haveknownD.willknow

31.---HasTomfinishedhisjobyet?
　---Ihavenoideaofit;he_____itthismorning.
A.hasbeendoingB.hadbeendoingC.didD.wasdoing
32．Ishouldverymuchliketohavegonetotheparty,but______.
A.ImnotinvitedB.Iwontbeamongtheinvited
C.theywontinviteme　D.theydidntinviteme
33．Hehasmuchmoneyatthebeginningofeverymonth,butbytheendofithe_____havelittleleft.
A.canB.willC.mustD.should

34.Sally______abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdontknowwhethershehasfinishedit.
A.wroteB.haswritten　C.waswritingD.hadwritten
35.---HasTomfinishedhiscompositionyet?
　---Ihavenoidea,he_____itthismorning.
A.wouldwriteB.haswrittenC.wroteD.waswriting
36.---Whywereyounotattheconcertlastnight?
　---Oh.I______forafriendfromEuropeattheairport.
A.watchedB.havebeenwatchingC.waswatchingD.hadwatched
37.Manynewworkers_____trainedandintwomonthstheywill_____tobuildanewrailway.
A.are;besendingB.arebeing;besent
38.IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIsucceeded_______.
A.firstallB.inallC.atallD.afterall
39.---Whatwereyouuptowhenshedroppedin?
　---I_____forawhileand____somereading.
A.hadplayed;didB.played;did
C.hadplayed;wasgoingtodoD.wasplaying;wasgoingtodo
40.---Haveyoutelephonedyourfather?
　---Yes.He_____backnextyear.
A.expectsB.isexpectedC.willexpectsD.willbeexpected
41.---____you_____thechiefeditorattheairport?
　---No.He_____awaybeforemyarrival.
A.Had;met;wasdrivenB.Have;met;hasdriven
C.Have;met;wasdriven　D.Did;meet;hadbeendriven
42.Hesimplyrepeatedthisyearswork.Hesthesortofboywho_____toanyonewhateverfailuresheahadinwhateverhedoes.
A.doesntmentionB.hadntmentioned
C.didntmentionD.hasntmentioned
43.---MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Williansatfiveoclocktonight?"
---"Imsorry,Mr.Williams_______toaconferencebeforethen."
A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgone
44.Theteachingbuildingofourschool_____formanytimes.
A.hasbeenaddedtoB.hasaddedtoC.hasbeenaddeduptoD.hasaddedupto
（6）定语从句
45.Wesawafilmyesterdayafternoon,_____wehadsupperinanearbyrestaurant.
A.whenB.whichC.beforeitD.afterwhich
46．Therecomesatimeineverymanslife_____.
A.thatheneedstothink　B.whenhehastothink
C.thereforehehastoworkhardD.thenhewillneedit
47．Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded_____othermorewell-informedexperimentsfailed.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where
48．Onthethirdfloortherearetworooms,_____isusedasameeting-room.
A.oneofthemB.thelargerofwhich
C.andalargerofofthemD.thelargestoneofwhich

49．---Areyoufamiliarwiththemusic?
---Yes.Therewasatime_____thiskindofmusicwasquitepopular.
A.whenB.thatC.withwhichD.aboutwhich
50.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation____heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.where　B.which　C.whileD.why
52._____wasknowntoall,Willianhadbrokenhispromise______hewouldgiveusarise.
A.As;whichB.As;thatC.It;thatD.It;which
（7）状语从句及连词
53．Johnknockedatthedoorfornearlyfiveminutes____hiswifeopenedit.
A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.as
54．---Thethreadofmykitebrokeanditflewaway.
---Itoldyouitwouldeasilybreak_____wastheweakest.
A.whereB.theplacewhereC.foritD.whereit
55.Theyweresurprisedthatachildcouldworkouttheproblem____theythemselvescouldnt.
A.onceB.whileC.thenD.if56.Ihadbeenpuzzledovertheproblemforoveranhourwithoutanyresult,_____allatoncethesolutionflashedacrossmymind.
A.whileB.whenC.thenD.as
57.Sallyworkedlateintheeveningtofinishherreport_____herbosscouldreaditfirstthingnextmorning.
A.becauseB.sothatC.beforeD.orelse
58._____muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.
A.HowB.HoweverC.WhateverD.Nomatter
59.Generallyspeaking,_____accordingtothederections,thedrughasnosideeffect.
A.whentotakeB.whentakingC.whentobetakenD.whentaken
60.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_____Icouldanswerthephone.
A.before　B.as　C.sinceD.until
61.---MayIgoandplaywithTomthisafternoon,Mum?
　---No.Youcantgoout_____yourhomeworkisbeingdone.
A.untilB.sinceC.beforeD.if
62.Theideaoffishbeingabletoproduceelectricitystrongenoughtolightalampisalmostunbelievable,_____severalkindsoffisharereallyabletodothis.
A.thereforeB.andC.thenD.but
63.Isittrue______therainstops,itwillbeashotasinthesummerhere?[仿03NMET--21]
A.whenB.thatwhenC.wheneverD.that
64.---_____IwatchTV,Illturnitdownandnevermakeanynoise.
　---Good.______youaredoingshouldneverdisturbothers._______howimportantyouare,neverforgetabouthowothersfeel.
A.Whatever;Whenever;Nomatter　B.Whenever;Whatever;Nomatter
C.Whether;Whatever;不填D.Nomatter;Whenever;不填
65.______theyliveinthesamehouse,wewouldnotroublefindingthem.
---Butastravelingsalesmenaswellasseasonalherdsmenandfarmhands,asyouknow,theymovehouse_______manyoftheAmericanswholiveonwheels.
A.Asfaras;asoftenasB.Aswellas;aswellas
C.Aslongas;;asoftenas　D.Aslongas;asfaras
66.Hetrainedhardinpuzzle-guessing,asortofchildrensgame,allyear,_____stillfailedtoreachhisbestform.inallthetestsgiventobothadultsandchildren.
A.Then　B.Thus　C.ThereforeD.Yet
67._____hethoughthewashelpinguswiththework,hewasactuallyintheway.
A.Because　B.IfC.Although　D.When
（8）名词性从句
68.Themostexcitingthingforhimwas_____hefinallyfoundtwotinnedfruitsin_____seemedtohimtobeaservantsbedroom.
A.that;whatB.what;whatC.that;thatD.what;that
69.______surprisedmemostwas______theyhadfinishedthesoquickly.
A.What;whatB.That;thatC.That;whatD.What;that
70._____seemsstrangetousis______shecansingsomanyEnglishsongsbeautifully.
A.It;thatB.That;howC.It;WhyD.What;that
71.Myparentsused_____theyhadtogetanewcarformybrother.
A.whatB.whichC.allwhatD.不填
72.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadnotenoughmoneytodotheresearch.
A.whether　B.if　C.thatD.what
73.Isthishotel_____yousaidweweretostayinyourletter?
A.whereB.whichC.inthat　D.inwhich
74.Amodernuniversityhasbeensetupin______usedtobe
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where
（9）情态动词和虚拟语气
75.Canyouimaginethatasmartmanlikehim_____makesuchastupidmistake?
A.mightB.shouldC.wouldD.need

76.---Whotoldyoumyaddress?
　---Idontrememberclearly.It_____LiMei.
　---It_____LiMei.Shedoesntknowit.
A.canbe;mustntbeB.mayhavebeen;musthavebeen
C.mayhavebeen;cantbe　D.musthavebeen;canthavebeen
77.---This_____Johnshouse.Itsnumber101.
　---Idontthinkso.Hesaidalargewhitehousebutthisisasmallyellowone.
A.cantbe　B.mustbe　C.maynotbe　D.shouldbe
78.Asisnatural,amanasoldashe______beveryforgetful.
A.canB.shouldC.wouldD.must
79．---Didyouvisitthefamousmuseum?
---No.We______it.Butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.
A.canthavevisited　B.couldhavevisited
C.musthavevisited　D.shouldnthavevisited
80.---Howexciting!Idrovemynewcarataspeedof110km/honSundaymorning.
　---Wereyoucrazy?You______yourself!
A.muxthavekilledB.wouldhavekilled
C.shouldhavekilled　D.couldhavekilled
（10）非谓语动词
81．When____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.[
A.completingB.completedC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted
82．_____theladder,getsomeonetoholdit.
A.Whenclimbed　B.Whentoclimb
C.WhenclimbingD.Whenoneclimbs
83.Dontleaveyourworkhalf_____.
A.beingdoneB.doingC.todoD.done
84.Anystudent,whoisthougnt______therules,forexample,bycheating,has_____beforeastudentcourt.
A.tohavebroken;toappear　B.tobreak;toget
C.broken;taken　D.tobreak;tobetaken
85．Pricesofdailygoods_____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
A.buyingB.boughtC.areboughtD.beenbought
86.______inthechimeyforfivehours,thethieflookedverypaleandtired.
A.Havingbeentrapped　B.Beingtrapped　C.trappingD.Havingtrapped
87.Thecrowdistoonoisy,butanywayIhavetomakemyself______tothembecausethenewsissoimportanttothem.
A.knownB.understoodC.heardD.known
（11）强调句型及特殊结构
88．____sheisnotsohealthy_____sheusedtobe?
A.Howitisthat;asB.Whyisitthat;what
C.Isitwhy;thatD.Howisitthat;as
89．Itwasnotuntilshehadfinishedallherwork_______hometired
A.didshereturn　B.thatshereturned
C.whenshereturned　D.thatdidshereturn
90._____hisfathercamebackfromwork_____hishomework.
A.Notuntil;hedidB.Itwasntuntil;whenhedid
C.Itwasuntil;thathedidntdo　D.Itwasntuntil;thathedid
91.Onlywhen_____in1945_____tohishometown.
A.wasthewarover;hereturnedB.thewarwasover;hadhereturned
C.thewarwasover;hereturnedD.wasthewarover;hadhereturned
92.Itis______youdealwithdifficultiesthatshows_____youarereallylike
A.what;whatB.how;whatC.how;thatD.which;how
93．_____only20minutestogobeforethetrainleft,Ifeltuneasyinthetaxitotherailwaystation
A.For　B.IhadC.WithD.As
94.---Johnhasgotaverygoodjobinthegovernment.
　---_____helookssohappy.
A.Nodoubt　B.NowonderC.ThatsbecauseD.Itsnatural
95._____besenttoworkthere?
A.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldB.Whodoyousuggest
C.DoyousuggestwhomshouldD.Doyousuggestwhoshould
96.______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
A.ForB.AsC.ThronghD.With
（12）交际用语
97.---Hi,Brown!Areyougoingtohaveanouting?
　---_____.
A.Icantsay　B.Yes,Iwilldo
C.ItsfuntodosoD.Thatalldepends
98.---Cliff,Ilostyourballatschool.IsupposeIshouldpayforit.
　---Oh._____.Itwasjustasoldballanyway.
A.TakeiteasyB.BynomeansC.YougotitD.Forgetit.
99.---Itmusthavebeenawonderfulevening,butyousee,ImterriblysorryImlateagain.
　---Well,_____,butpleasecomeabitearlierforthenextparty.
A.MypleasureB.ImgladtohearthatC.No,thanksD.ItsOK
100.Itisbelievedthatifthereadertakes_____inabook,nodoubtitisan_______bookwhicheverybodyisboundtobe_______in.
A.interested;interest;interestingB.interest;interesting;interested
C.interested;interesting;interested　D.interest;interested;interested

答案:
1-5:CCBAB6-10:BCDBC
2-11-15:DDABC
3-16-20:DCADB
4-21-25:ACDDA
5-26-30:DCCAA
6-31-35:DDBCD
7-36-40:CBDCB
8-41-45:DAAAD
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高考英语单项选择填空八大陷阱

一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗，会提前做好准备，作为教师就要早早地准备好适合的教案课件。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃，帮助教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？小编收集并整理了“高考英语单项选择填空八大陷阱”，希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

单项选择填空八大陷阱
透析与演练
八种常见陷阱
1.思维定势型
2.规则硬套型
3.母语干扰型
4.插入隔离型
5.借用倒装型
6.结构误配型
7.词义误解型
8.词性误用型
1.思维定势
思维定势是指人们在长期的思维过程中所形成的一种固定的思维模式。如果运用得当，会使我们很快得出正确的结论；但若运用不当，它便会误导考生掉入命题人所预设的陷阱，得出错误的结论。
1).Inordernottobedisturbed,Ispentthreehours______inmystudy.
A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.tobelocked
2).Itwas10o’clock______thefrontdoorbellrang.
　A.where　B.when　C.that　D.which
2规则硬套型
就是指不从语言实际出发，不考虑特定的语言环境，而是机械地套用语法规则，生搬硬套语法的条条框框，从而错误地作出选择。
1)Hemadeuphismindtodevotehislife_____pollution______happily.
A.toprevent,tolive　B.toprevent,fromliving　
C.topreventing,toliveD.topreventing,living
2)The“TwoCities”referred_____LondonandParis.
　A.isto　B.tobe　C.toare　D.togoingtobe
3.母语干扰型
学外语最忌母语干扰，但由于母语在大脑中根深蒂固，所以常常会对外语学习者大脑中尚不牢固的外语知识产生负面影响。命题者也往往利用这一点，制造陷阱。
1）I’llcometoseeyouif______.
A.you’reconvenientB.itisconvenientforyou
C.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyou
2)Ifanorthernerlivesinsouth,hewillprobablyfeelthat______.
A.hedoesn’tagreetotheclimatethere.B.theclimatedoesn’tagreewithhim.
C.hecan’tagreewiththeclimatethereD.theclimatedoesn’tagreetohim.
4.插入隔离型
有时一个本来很简单的句子，在其中置入一个插入成分，或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置，则很有可能给同学们的理解带来困难。
1)Iamlookingforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimselfto______me.
A.havingseenB.seeingC.seeD.beseen
2)Ithink_____,thoughIcouldbemistaken,helikedme.?
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what?
5.借用倒装型
英语句子的一般语序为“主语部分＋谓语部分”，如果把谓语或谓语的一部分放到主语前面，我们称之为倒装。命题者就利用这种“不正常”的句式跟你“绕弯子”。解决类似的题目，关键是要熟悉倒装规则，学会识别倒装句。
陷阱一
______hefollowedmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.
A.WhenB.IfC.Had　D.Has
陷阱二
LittleJimisgoingtospendhisholidayinParis,_____liveshisuncle.?
A.whichB.who?C.whereD.that??
6.结构误配型
有许多试题，从表面上看是甲结构，而实际是乙结构；或者命题人考查的是甲结构，而应试者却将其误认为是乙结构；或者从选项来看是甲结构，而题干考查的实际上是乙结构等等。对于这类问题，若不仔细识别，则很容易出错。
陷阱一
Theywerentaparticularlygoodteam,buttheyrefusedtogiveinand_____defeat.?
A.acceptB.accepted?C.acceptingD.tohaveaccepted
陷阱二
Wekeepintouch_____writingoften.?
A.withB.ofC.onD.by?
7.词义误解型
有许多所谓的陷阱题，倒不是因为句子结构有多么复杂，用词多么生僻，而是因为其中有个别词（尤其是其中的关键词）的词义很容易误解，或是同学们对这类词理解不准，在运用时其词义在脑海中模棱两可，从而导致做题失误
陷阱一
Mr.Black,whoisa_____,isnowinlovewithMissSmith,whoisa_____.
A.cooker,typewriterB.cook,typist?C.cooker,typistD.cook,typewriter?
陷阱二
Weshould_____thepeopleallheartandsoul.?
A.serveB.serveforC.servetoD.servein??
8.词性误用型
英语和汉语不仅在遣词造句、句型搭配、习惯用法等方面有很大的差别，就是在词性方面也有很大的差别，并且这种差别有时会使同学们稍不小心就酿成错误
陷阱一
______yourstudentsagainstorfortheplanmadebytheteacher??
A.DoB.CanC.AreD.Did
陷阱二
A____roadgoes__fromoneplacetoanother.?
A.straight,straightB.straightly,straightly
C.straight,straightlyD.straightly,straight
自我检测
1.______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
　A.It　B.As　C.That　D.What
2.TheletterIhavebeenlookingforwardto______atlast.
A.comeBcomingC.hascomeD.came?
3.Remindhim______thewindowwhenheleaves.
A.ofclosingB.closingC.tocloseD.close
4.Whomwouldyourather_____withyou,JimorJack?
A.havegoB.havetogoC.havegoneD.hastogo
5.Accordingtotherules,studentsmustnot______theirbooksduringexaminations.
　A.readB.watch
C.notice　D.lookat

运用推理法巧解选择题

一名优秀的教师在每次教学前有自己的事先计划，教师要准备好教案，这是每个教师都不可缺少的。教案可以让学生更好的消化课堂内容，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。关于好的教案要怎么样去写呢？为满足您的需求，小编特地编辑了“运用推理法巧解选择题”，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！

运用推理法巧解选择题

近年来，各种模式的高考地理试题都以能力型为主，对纯知识记忆的考查少，突出推理性思维应用。如能用好推理法(由已知的判断推出新的判断的思维方法)，则对提高选择题的准确率是很有帮助的。根据能力型选择题的类型，有以下几种主要推理法。

?一、"由例及类"推理法

?根据已经明确的一个或几个选项的相同地理特征，推断出所有选项的共性特征，从而得出正确答案的推理方法。遇到要求选出所有选项的共性特征这类选择题，则往往其中有一至两个选项较难判断时，可尝试"由例及类"推理法。

?例1?读图1(见右图)回答，图中所示四个城市的主要工业部门是()

A．煤炭工业Ｂ．钢铁工业

?解析：解答此题必须有较强的空间概念，四张图中①②③的地理轮廓较明显，比较容易判断其地名分别是"意大利的塔兰托、美国的芝加哥、日本的福山"，而④不易判断(其实是英国的伯明翰)。解题时如果纠缠于图④，可能解题就无法进行下去，其实只要确定①是塔兰托、③是福山，根据教材知识可知，这两城市的钢铁工业是典型的临海型布局，由此就可直接推断出4个城市共有的最主要部门是钢铁工业，即答案B。Ｃ．机械工业Ｄ．电子工业

下载地址：http://files.eduu.com/down.php?id=173499

高考化学解题方法专题复习 化学选择题的特点及其解法

俗话说，居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。高中教师要准备好教案，这是高中教师的任务之一。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助高中教师营造一个良好的教学氛围。那么如何写好我们的高中教案呢？下面是小编精心为您整理的“高考化学解题方法专题复习 化学选择题的特点及其解法”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

2011高考化学解题方法系列专题11化学选择题的特点及其解法
（以下试题均来自VCM仿真实验配套试题）
选择题是一类客观性试题，由于其具有信息量大、概念性强、知识覆盖面广、考查的角度和层次多，且评分较客观等优点，在各类中考试卷中已成为固定题型。在化学中考试卷中，选择题一般占48%—50%。因此，选择题的得分，已成为制约很多学生整份试卷得分高低的瓶颈。
了解化学选择题的特点、类型、掌握解化学选择题的一般程序和常用方法，是做好选择题的基本保障。本文拟从这些方面作简单介绍，旨在抛砖引玉。
一、选择题的特点
选择题的结构包括题干和选项两部分，其题干和选项都是经过精心设置的，往往具有一定的针对性和很强的迷惑性。
二、解答选择题的一般程序和常用方法
解答化学选择题的一般程序是：
1.认真审题，读懂“题干”和“问句”的含义；
2.灵活运用所学知识，抓住关键，找到突破口；
3.转换思维方向，从多层次、多角度思考，去伪存真，准确求解。
根据化学选择题的特点，解答的方法有如下几种：
（1）直接判断法
这是解化学选择题最基本的方法，解题时依据题目所给条件，借助于已学知识进行分析和判断，直接得出结论。此方法常常用于解答“正误型”选择题。
例1.对下列物质在氧气中燃烧的实验现象描述正确的是（）
A.石蜡在氧气中燃烧时，产生白烟
B.硫粉在氧气中燃烧，火焰呈蓝紫色，生成无气味气体
C.氢气在氧气中燃烧，火焰呈黄色，放出大量的热
D.铁丝在氧气中燃烧，火星四射，有黑色固体生成
解析：本题考查的实验现象，属于识记水平。根据所学知识知道，石蜡燃烧没有白烟，硫粉燃烧生成有刺激性气味的气体，氢气燃烧火焰呈淡蓝色，铁丝燃烧时火星四射有黑色固体生成。所以，可直接判断本题答案为D。
例2.臭氧（O3）主要分布在距离地面10—50km的高空，形成臭氧层。臭氧层吸收了太阳光中大部分紫外线，使地球上的生物免受紫外线伤害，臭氧属于（）
A.非金属单质B.金属单质
C.化合物D.混合物
解析：本题考查考生对混合物、化合物、金属单质、非金属单质概念的理解。混合物是两种或两种以上物质组成的，化合物是由不同种元素组成的纯净物，金属单质是一种金属元素组成的纯净物，非金属单质是由一种非金属元素组成的纯净物，臭氧是由氧元素组成的纯净物。所以正确答案为A。
（2）筛选淘汰法
根据题干所给条件和提出的问题，对各个选项加以审视，将与题目要求不符合的选项逐一筛选，不能否定的选项即为正确答案。此方法常常用于解答概念、原理类选择题，也常用于解答组合型选择题。
例3.下列生活经验中不正确的是（）
A.用汽油洗去衣服上的油渍
B.用食醋除去水瓶中的水垢
C.用钢丝球洗刷铝锅脏物
D.用含氢氧化铝的药物治疗胃酸过多
解析：本题是利用化学知识解决实际问题的综合题，涉及物质的溶解性、酸与盐反应、酸与碱反应、金属与氧气反应等知识，考查学生对化学原理和规律的理解及理论联系实际的能力。
题目要求从选项中选出不正确的，同学平时练习较多的是B、D两个选项，其中B选项的化学原理是酸与碳酸盐的反应，而D选项的化学原理是碱与酸的反应，显然都是正确的可以淘汰；A选项是课本P131上的一句话“植物油不能溶解在水里，但能溶解在汽油里”的应用，也能确定是正确的；通过筛选得出符合题意的选项为C。
例4.以铁、氧化铜、稀硫酸三种物质为原料制取铜，有两条途径：Fe→H2→Cu；CuO→CuSO4→Cu。若需制备相同质量的铜，在实际过程中，两条途径所消耗的有关物质质量相等的是（）
A.FeB.CuOC.H2SO4D.FeCuOH2SO4
解析：此题考查考生对铁、氧化物、稀硫酸、铜的相互关系和氢气还原氧化铜的实验原理及操作要领的掌握。
氢气还原氧化铜的实验中一个重要的操作要领是：“实验开始时，先通氢气后加热；实验结束时，先停止加热待试管冷却后才停止通氢气。”这样，途径实际消耗的氢气质量就大于理论计算的质量，同样消耗铁、稀硫酸的质量也是实际值大于理论值；途径中它们的实际值等于理论值。经筛选、淘汰，正确答案为B。
（3）信息转化法
对某些选择题，由于情境比较陌生，或内容比较繁琐，可通过思维转换，将题示信息转化为自己比较熟悉的、便于理解的或等价的形式，从而变陌生为熟悉，化难为易，迅速求解。此方法常常用于解答实验类和规律类选择题。
例5.图1中，试管内收集了满满一试管不同的气体（①CO2，②H2，③O2，④CH4），将试管倒扣在盛有水的烧杯中。试管内水位上升的高度由小到大的顺序是（）
图1
A.②③④①B.①②③④
C.④②③①D.②①③④
解析：本题考查的是气体的溶解性知识。粗看似乎难以下手，仔细审题后发现“水位上升”是此题的题眼。水位上升是由于试管内气体溶于水，使试管内压强减小造成的，于是题干可转化为“气体的溶解度由小到大的顺序是”，从而迅速选出正确答案C。
例6.下列反应肯定不能生成无氧酸盐的是：①碳酸盐溶于酸，②酸性氧化物溶于水，③酸性氧化物溶于碱，④碱性氧化物溶于酸，⑤碱性氧化物溶于水，⑥金属溶于酸
A.②③⑤B.①④⑥
C.③④⑤C.①③④
解析：此题考查考生对物质分类及单质、氧化物、酸、碱、盐的相互关系的掌握，综合性很强。我们知道：金属与无氧酸、碱与无氧酸、盐与无氧酸、碱性氧化物与无氧酸若反应则一定能生成无氧酸盐，那么金属与酸、碱与酸、盐与酸、碱性氧化物与酸若反应则可能生成无氧酸盐。因此，解此题的关键是将题中的“肯定不能生成无氧酸盐的是”转化为“可能生成无氧酸盐的是”就不难得出符合题意的答案A。
（4）分析推理法
根据题目的已知条件，运用化学的相关原理进行分析、推理得出结论。此方法常用于解答原理类、计算类、图表类选择题。
例7.在一个密闭容器内有四种物质，在一定条件下充分反应后，测得反应前后各物质的质量如下：
物质XYZQ
反应前质量/g410121
反应后质量/g01215待测
已知X的相对分子质量为n，Q的相对分子质量为2n，下列推理正确的是（）
A.反应后Q的质量为9g
B.反应后生成15gZ
C.反应中Y与Q发生改变的质量之比为1：1
D.该反应方程式中X与Q的化学计量数之比为2：3
反应后剩余Q的质量=21g-12g=9g
所以正确答案为A、D。
例8.将质量分数为5.2%的NaOH溶液，放入通电分解水的简易装置中，通电一段时间后，实验结果符合表中关系的是（提示：电解NaOH溶液实质是电解水，不考虑气体在水中的溶解。）
序号NaOH质量分数%与电源正极相连的试管内气体质量/g与电源负极相连的试管内气体质量/g
A6.2789.5
B6.2769.5
C4.20.604.7
D4.24.70.60
解析：此题考查考生对溶质质量分数的理解及对电解水实验和溶质质量分数计算的掌握。
题目中的提示说明电解前后溶液中NaOH质量没有改变而水的质量减少了，所以溶液中NaOH的质量分数应该增大。由此可以淘汰答案C、D。电解水的实验中，与电源正极相连的试管内产生的气体是氧气，而与电源负极相连的试管内产生的气体是氢气，且他们的质量比为8：1，根据计算得出正确答案为B。2>1>2>1>