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发表时间：2020-11-26

高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习。

一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性，高中教师要准备好教案，这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以让学生更好的消化课堂内容，使高中教师有一个简单易懂的教学思路。高中教案的内容具体要怎样写呢？下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习》，仅供参考，希望能为您提供参考！

英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题17阅读理解之主旨大意题

这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。常见的设题方式有：
(1)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemainpointofthepassage?
(2)Whatisthewritertryingtotellus?
(3)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
(4)Thepurposeofthepassageis.
(5)Themain(general)ideaofthepassageis.
(6)Thepassageismainlyabout.
(7)Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?
这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头,首先点明本段大意;有时在结尾,总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用，其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的，其位置一般位于段首，也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中，设有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗
在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句。重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后，此类文章往往以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点，或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点，以此归纳文章的主旨大意，所以有时要找出这样的信息，从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想
寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的重点，考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。即不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
〖第三招〗抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。
考点解析
该题型提问的形式主要有三类：第一类是MainIdea型；第二类是Topic/Title型；第三类是PurposeandAttitude型。
Ⅰ.MainIdea型
这种题型一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题思想或目的设题；有的也会针对文中的某一关键段落的思想和目的进行设题。
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemainpointofthepassage?
Themain(general)ideaofthepassageis______.
Fromthepassageweknowthat______.
Whatsthemainidea/topic/subject/pointofthispassage?
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydealwith?
Thearticleiswrittentoexplain______.
Allthedetailsinthispassagesupportthemainidea______.
Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlydiscuss?
Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus______.
Whatsthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?
1．首先要找出文章的主题句(TopicSentence)，即中心思想，其他句子则为支撑句或扩展句(DevelopingDetails)，是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的。
2．在许多文段中，没有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。但必须注意：既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
Ⅱ.Topic/Title型
在阅读理解的命题中，有时要求确定相应的标题，以考查考生对全文中心思想的理解。
Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe______.
Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled______.
Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?
Thetopicofthepassageis______.
1．给文章加标题，首先要把握好文章大意，不能把文章某一段的大意看做是整篇文章的大意，更不能把文章细节看成是文章大意，以防标题的片面性。
2．注意文章的体裁及文章意图。根据不同体裁，结合叙述的过程、说明的用途、议论的主题等，从而正确地确定标题。
3．注意文章标题本身的句法和语法特征：一是要言简意赅，引人注目；二是要利用省略等修辞手段，尽量使标题句法结构正确。
Ⅲ.PurposeandAttitude型
每一篇文章都能体现出其写作意图、作者的态度和观点。命题中常结合考生对文章的理解，考查对写作目的和作者态度的理解。常见的设题方式有：
Theauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthepassageis______.
Thepassageismeantto______.
Thepurposeofthisarticleis______.
Theauthorsattitudetoward…isbestdescribedasoneof______.
Whatmightbethepurposeoftheauthortowritethispassage?
Whatistheauthorsmainpurposeinthispassage
文章需要通过细节来支撑文章的思想和大意，而作者正是通过这些思想和大意来体现其态度、观点和目的。因此，领会文章的态度、观点和目的与文章的主旨大意是密不可分的。
B　主旨大意题。文章第六、七两段点出了文章的主题思想。Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.人与科技之间的游戏既有趣又复杂，所以文章讲的是人类与科技之间的关系。

五年高考
A组全国高考题组
1.
Twofriendshaveanargumentthatbleaksuptheirfriendshipforever,eventhoughneitheronecanrememberhowthewholethinggotstarted.Suchsadeventshappenoverandoverinhighschoolsacrossthecountry.Infact,accordingtoanofficialreportonyouthviolence,"Inourcountrytoday,thegreatestthreattothelivesofchildrenandadolescentsisnotdiseaseorstarvationorabandonment,buttheterriblerealityofviolence".Giventhatthisisthecase,whyarentstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewaytheyaretaughttosolvemathproblems,drivecars,orstayphysicallyfit?
Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Areportonviolenceamongmiddleschoolandhighschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,whichinturncanleadtoviolence.Theproblemisntinthesandwich,butinthewaystudentsdealwiththeconflict.
Oncestudentsrecognizethatconflictisunavoidable,theycanpracticethegoldenruleofconflictresolution(解决)staycalm.Oncethestudentfeelscalmer,heorsheshouldchoosewordsthatwillcalmtheotherpersondownaswell.Rudewords,name-calling,andaccusationonlyaddfueltotheemotionalfirOntheotherhand,softwordsspokenatanormalsoundlevelcanputoutthefirebeforeitexplodesoutofcontrol.
Afterbothsideshavecalmeddown,theycanuseanotherkeystrategyforconflictresolution;listening.Listeningallowsthetwosidestounderstandeachother.Onepersonshoulddescribehisorherside,andtheotherpersonshouldlistenwithoutinterrupting.Afterward,thelistenercanasknon-threateningquestionstoclarifythespeakersposition.Thenthetwopeopleshouldchangeroles.
Finally,studentsneedf.considerwhattheyarehearing.Thisdoesntmeantryingtofigureoutwhatswrongwiththeotherperson.Itmeansunderstandingwhattherealissueisandwhatbothsidesaretryingtoaccomplish.Forexample,ashoutingmatchoverapeanutbuttersandwichmighthappenbecauseonepersonthinkstheotherpersonisunwillingtotrynewthings.Studentsneedtoaskthemselvesquestionssuchasthese:Howdidthisstart?WhatdoIreallywant?WhatamIafraidoffAstheissuebecomesclearer,theconflictoftensimplybecomessmaller.Evenifitdoesnt,carefulthoughthelpsbothsidesfigureoutamutualsolution.
Therewillalwaysbeconflictinschools,butthatdoesntmeanthereneedstobeviolence.AfterstudentsinAtlantastartedaconflictresolutionprogram,accordingtoEducatorsforSocialResponsibility,"64percentoftheteachersreportedlessphysicalviolenceintheclassroom;75percentoftheteachersreportedanincreaseinstudentcooperation;and92percentofthestudentsfeltbetteraboutthemselves".Learningtoresolveconflictscanhelpstudentsdealwithfriends,.teachers.parents,bosses,andcoworkers.Inthatway,conflictresolutionisabasiclifeskillthatshouldbetaughtinschoolsacrossthecountry.
50.Thisarticleismainlyabout.
A.thelivesofschoolchildrenB.thecauseofargumentsinschools
C.howtoanalyzeyouthviolenceD.howtodealwithschoolconflicts
50.D
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句Giventhatthisisthecase,whyarentstudentstaughttomanageconflictthewaytheyaretaughttosolvemathproblems,drivecars,orstayphysicallyfit?和整体理解，可知答案D符合文意。Jab88.COM

2.
BicycleSafety
OperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus(校园).Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.
TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerack---evenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It’sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyourserialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.
Equipment
BrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjustedproperly.
HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.
LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight---visibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisa
goodidea.
RulesoftheRoad
RidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.
BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscanresultinafine.
IfThingsGoWrong
Ifyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:
Nobicycleregistration---------------------------------------------------
Bicycleparkingbanned--------------------------------------------------
Blockingpathwithbicycle---------------------------------------------
Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement-------------------------
40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.B.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus.
C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.D.Rulesforridingmotorvehiclesoncampus.
3.
Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewallawayfromyourcollege.
King’sArtCentre
AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibitionoftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.
Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto‘learnfromthemasters’orgetmorecreativewithpaint–freeofcharge.
TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.
theBotanicGarden
TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.
Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.
GettothedisplayhousetoseeDionaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.
TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled‘HissingSid’isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.
Byron’sPool
ManystoriessurroundLordByron’stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness”.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I’mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.
ItisalsosaidthatonoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon’ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf–overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.
65.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Someplacesforweekendbreak.
B.Awaytobecomecreativeinart.
C.Thecolourfullifeinthecountryside.
D.UnknownstoriesofCambridgeUniversity.

Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.
Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrials(尝试)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.
Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.
Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.
Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforonesfuturedevelopment.
本文是一篇议论文。成年人常常惊叹他们能很好地记着儿时学过的东西。作者认为这是儿时过度学习的结果，是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候，我们不是就此停止，而是继续练习，才使我们记忆深刻。文章用例证法说明了“过度学习”的概念。最后作者谈到了“过度学习”的好处和突击学习的弊端。
67.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?
A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.
B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.
C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.
D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.
A
根据文章的第一段的“Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.”可知：文章讲得是成年人常常惊叹他们非常好的记着儿时学过的东西。C、D断章取义，讲得太具体，B项错误，因为那是过度学习的结果，不是儿时记忆力好。所以A正确。
考查主旨要义。
5.
Springiscoming,anditistimeforthoseabouttograduatetolookforjobs.Competitionistough,sojobseekersmustcarefullyconsidertheirpersonalchoices.Whateverwearewearing，ourfamilyandfriendsmayacceptus,buttheworkplacemaynot.
Ahighschoolnewspapereditorsaiditisunfairforcompaniestodiscouragevisibletattoos(纹身）noserings,orcertaindressstyles.Itistrueyoucan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,yetpeopledo“cover”themselvesinordertoconvey(传递)certainmessages.Whatwewear,includingtattoosandnoserings,isanexpressionofwhoweare.Justaspeopleconveymessagesaboutthemselveswiththeirappearancessodocompanies.Dressstandardsexistinthebusinessworldforanumberofreasons,butthemainconcernisoftenaboutwhatcustomersaccept.
Othersmaysayhowtodressisamatterofpersonalfreedom,butforbusinessesitismoreaboutwhethertomakeorlosemoney.Mostemployersdocareaboutthepersonalappearancesoftheiremployees(雇员),becausethosepeoplerepresentthecompaniestotheircustomers.
AsahiringmanagerIampaidtochoosethepeoplewhowouldmakethebestimpressiononourcustomers.Thereareplentyofwell-qualifiedcandidates,soitisnotwrongtorejectsomeonewhomightdisappointmycustomers.EventhoughIamopen-minded,Ican’texpectallourcustomersare.
Thereisnobodytoblamebutyourselfifyoursetofchoicesdoesnotmatchthatofyourpreferredemployer.Nocompanyshouldhavetochangetosatisfyacandidatesimplycauseheorsheisunwillingtorespectitsstandards,aslongasitsstandardsarelegal.
59.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.EmployeesMatterB.PersonalChoicesMatter
C.AppearancesMatterD.HiringManagersMatter
59C主旨大意题。本文大意是关于员工的着装问题，即员工的外貌问题，故本题选C。
6.
OneofthegreatestcontributionstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotations(引文)showinghowitwasused.
Thiswasahugetask.SoMurraryhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,andtheBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericanSurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50milesfromOxford.
MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenextyears,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.
Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.Soin1897，MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylumfortheCriminallyinsane.
MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraycontinuedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.
In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.
Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.
66.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.
B.ThefriendshipbetweenMurrayandMinor
C.MinorandthefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary
D.BroadmoorAsylumandispatients
66.C
文章的关键词有两个：Minor和OxfordDictionary，主要讲述Mr.Minor的特别之处和他对OxfordDictionary的贡献，因此文章的大意应该把这两个词都包括进去。
考查文章的主旨大意。

B组2008-全国高考题组
1.
OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.
Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonheGPS(导航仪).Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,”shetoldtheBBC.
Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely’sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit’snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.
Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsingallingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn’tsay.
It’saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.Perhaps,butmaybeit’salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.
Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.
Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.
45.Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?
A.Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.
B.Therelationshipbetweenhumanandtechnology.
C.Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.
D.Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.
45.一般性最后一体都会问到主旨大意，作者的观点等等，要做好这一题，我们要继续往后看，6、7两段点出了文章的主题思想。Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.是人与科技之间的游戏是复杂的，所以文章讲的是人类与科技之间的关系。

2.
Wanted,SomeoneforaKiss
We’relookingforproducerstojoinusinthesecondofLondon100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.Pleaseapply(申请)inwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.
FatherChristmas
We’relookingforaveryspecialpersonpreferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.
Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSunday,10:30—16:00
Excellentpay.
Pleasecontact(联系)theEnterpriseShoppingCenter,StationParade,Eastbourne.
AccountantsAssistant
WhenyoujointhetheminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverofforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.
WealdenDistrictCouncil
SoftwareTrainer
Ifyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeourdecision,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.PleaseapplybysendingyourCV(简历)toMrsR.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.
68.WelearnfromtheadsthattheEnterpriseShoppingCentreneedsapersonwho__________________.
A.isagedbetween24and40B.maydosometrainingwork
C.shoulddealwithgeneraldutiesD.canworkforaboutamonth
3.
HomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.
WhattoExpect
Thehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.
AccommodationZones
HomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3andofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential(居住的).Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrownedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyUnderground.
MealPlansAvailable
ContinentalBreakfast
BreakfastandDinner
Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinner
It’simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal（谷物类食品），breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormally
partofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydesert,fruitandcoffee.
Friends
Ifyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit.youmustfirstaskyourhost’spermission.Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.
Self-CateringAccommodationinPrivateHomes
Accommodationonaroom-onlybasisincludessharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestuleandismoresuitableforthelong-staystudent.However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayandmaynotbenefitthosewhoneedtopractiseEnglishathomequiteasmuch.
38.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?
A.Zone4ismorecrowdedthanZone2.
B.ThebusinesscentreofLondonisinZone.
C.Hostsdisliketravellingtothecitycentre.
4.
StudentMembership-----CambridgeArtsCinema
CambridgeArtsCinemaisoneofthearthousesinBritainandhomeoftheinternationallycelebratedCambridgeFilmFestival.Since1947generationsofstudentshavediscoveredthewealthofworldcinema.Nowyoutoocanmakemostofitandsavemoney.
5．Forwhatpurposeisthetextwritten?
A.Offeringstudentscheapertickets．
B.Announcingtheopeningofapremiere.
C.Tellingthepublicofthecinemasaddress.
D.Increasingthecinemasmembership.
6.
Elixir
writtenbyEricWalters
Twelve-year-oldRothbecomesafriendofDr.Bantingandhisassistant,Mr.Best,whoareinsearchofacurefordiabetes（糖尿病）.ShefindsherselftornbetweenhersympathyfortheanimalsbeingexperimentedonandherfriendshipwithBantingandBest.
GeorgeWashingtionCarver
WrittenbyElizabethMacleod
Meetthe“Peanut（花生）Specialist”,GeorgeWashingtonCarver,theinventorandprofessorwhomadeover325productsoutofpeanuts.Throughhisagriculturalresearch,healsogreatlyimprovedthelivesofcountlessblackfarmersinthesouthernUnitedStates.SeealsoMacleod’sAlbertEinstein:ALifeofGenius.
TheInuitThoughtofIt:AmazingArcticInnovations
WrittenbyAlootookIpellieDavidMacDonald
Exploremorethan40ideasnecessarytoInuitsurvival.Fromideasfamiliartoustodaytoinventiveconceptsthatshapedtheirlives,celebratethecreativityofaremarkablyintelligentpeople.Alsoseeotherbooks;TheChineseThoughtofItbyTingxingYeandANativeAmericanThoughtofItbyRockyLandonandDavidMacDonald.
MadeinCanada:101AmazingAchieverms
WrittenbyBevSpencer
WhatthingsdoweusedailythathaveaCanadianconnection?Hereare101commonthingsthatwereinventedinCanadaorbyaCanadian,includingtheBlackberry,alkaline(碱性)battericesandtheBlueBoxyecyclingprogram.
NewtonandtheTlmeMachine
WrittenbyMichaelMeGowan
Ten-year-oldboyNewtonhasinventedatimemachinetoseedinesaursupclose.Butitdisappearsonatestrunwithhistwohugefriends,KingHerbertandQueenCertunde,incanhesavethembeforetimerunsout?
64.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRoth’sfeelinginBook1?
A.PainfulB.CuriousC.FrightenedD.Disappointed
7.
Theterm“multitasking”originallyreferredtoacomputer’sabilitytocarryoutseveraltasksatonetime.Formanypeople,multitaskinghasbecomeawayoflifeandevenakeytosuccess.Infact,someexcellentmentalaerobicexercises(大脑训练)involveengagingthebrainintwoormorechallengingactivitiesatatime.Althoughcheckinge-mailwhiletalkingonaphoneandreadingthenewspapermaybesecondnatureforsomepeople,manytimesmultitaskingcanmakeuslessproductive,ratherthanmore.Andstudiesshowthattoomuchmultitaskingcanleadtoincreasedstress,anxietyandmemoryloss.
Inordertomultitask,thebrainusesanareaknownastheprefrontalcortex(前额叶脑皮层).Brianscansofvolunteersperformingmultipletaskstogethershowthatastheyshiftfromtasktotask,thisfrontpartofthebrainactuallytakesamomentofrestbetweentasks.Youmayhaveexperiencedaprefrontalcortex“momentofrest”yourselfifyou’veeverdialed(拨电话)aphonenumberandsuddenlyforgottenwhoyoudialedwhenthelineisanswered.Whatprobablyoccurredisthatbetweenthedialingandtheanswering,yourmindshiftedtoantherthoughtortask,andthentookthat“moment”tocomeback.Researchhasalsoshownthatformanyvolunteers,jobefficiency(效率)declineswhilemultitasking,ascomparedtowhentheyperformonlyonetaskatatime.k*s5u
Multitaskingiseasiestwhenatleastoneofthetasksishabitual,orrequireslittlethought.Mostpeopledon’tfinditdifficulttoeatandreadthenewspaperatthesametime.However,whentwoormoreattention-requiringtasksareattemptedatonetime,peoplesometimesmakemistakes.
Weoftendon’trememberthingsaswellwhenwe’retryingtomanageseveraldetailsatthesametime.Withoutmentalfocus,wemaynotpayenoughattentiontonewinformationcomingin,soitnevermakesitintoourmemorystores.Thatisoneofthemainreasonsweforgetpeople’snames---evensometimesrightaftertheyhaveintroducedthemselves.Multitaskingcanalsoaffectourrelationships.Ifsomeonecheckstheire-mailwhileonthephonewithafriend,theymaycomeoffasabsent-mindedordisinterested.Itcanalsocausethatpersontomissoroverlookkeyinformationbeingpassedontothem.

52.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Multitaskinghasbecomeawayoflife.
B.Multitaskingoftenleadstoefficiencydecline.
C.Multitaskingexercisesneedtobeimproved.
D.Multitaskingenablespeopletorememberthingsbetter.
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。最后一段中作者继续描述了之前的观点：一个人同时从事多项工作会出现很多问题。回到整篇文章，作者主要观点就是告诉大家：多项工作不能产生高效的结果，故选择B。k*s5u

8.
RaeArmantrout,whohasbeenapoetryprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego(UCSD)fortwodecades,haswonthe2010PulitzerPrizeinthepoetrycategoryforhermostrecentbook,“Versed”.
“I’mdelightedandamazedathowmuchmediarecognitionthatthePulitzerbrings,ascomparedtoeventheNationalBookCriticsAward,whichIwasalsosurprisedanddelightedtowin,”saidArmantrout.
“Foralongtime,mywritinghasbeenjustbelowthemediaradar,andtohavethiskindofattention,suddenly,withmy10thbook,isreallysurprising.”
Armantrout,anativeCalifornian,receivedherbachelor’sdegreeatUCBerkeley,whereshestudiedwithnotedpoetDeniseLevertov,andhermaster’sincreativewritingfromSanFranciscoStateUniversity.SheisafoundingmemberofLanguagePoets,agroupinAmericanpoetrythatanalyzesthewaylanguageisusedandraisesquestionstomakethereaderthink.
InMarch,shewontheNationalBookCriticsCircleAwardfor“Versed.”
“Thisbookhasgottenmoreattention,”Armantroutsaid,“butIdon’tfeelasifit’sbetter.”
Thefirsthalfof“Versed”focusesonthedarkforcestakingholdoftheUnitedStatesasitfoughtthewaragainstIraq.ThesecondhalflooksatthedarkforcescastingashadowoverherownlifeafterArmantroutwasdiagnosedwithcancerin2006.
ArmantroutwasshockedtolearnshehadwonthePulitzerbutmanyofhercolleagueswerenot.“RaeArmantroutisauniquevoiceinAmericanpoetry,”saidSethLerer,headofArtsandHumanitiesatUCSD.
“Versed”,publishedbytheWesleyanUniversityPress,didappearinalargerprintingthanherearlierworks,whichisabout2,700copies.TheneweditionisscheduledtoappearinMay.
70.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.About2,700copiesof“Versed”willbeprinted.
B.CancermadeArmantroutstopwriting.
C.ArmantroutgotherdegreesatUCSD.
D.“Versed”hasbeenawardedtwice.
解析：归纳判断题。根据文章中的wonthe2010PulitzerPrizeinthepoetrycategoryforhermostrecentbook,“Versed”.以及InMarch,shewontheNationalBookCriticsCircleAwardfor“Versed.”可知D项正确。
答案:D
9.
InancientEgypt,thepharaoh(法老)treatedthepoormessagerunnerlikeaprincewhenhearrivedatthepalace,ifhebroughtgoodnews.However,iftheexhaustedrunnerhadthemisfortunetobringthepharaohunhappynews,hisheadwascutoff.
Shadesofthatspiritspreadovertoday’sconversations.OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.Aswewalkedlight-heartedlyoutthedoor,picnicbasketinhand,asmilingneighborlookedupattheskyandsaid,”Ohboy,baddayforapicnic.Theweathermansaysit’sgoingtorain.”Iwantedtostrikehimonthefacewiththepeanutbutterandsandwiches.Notforhisstupidweatherreport,forhiswhile
SeveralmonthsagoIwasracingtocatchahimAsIbreathlesslyputmyhandfulofcashacrosstheGreyhoundcounter,thesalesagentsaidwithabroadsmile,”Ohthatbusleftfiveminutesago.”Dreamsofhead-cutting!
It’snotthenewsthatmakessomeoneangry.It’stheunsympatheticattitudewithwhichit’stheunsympatheticattitudewithwhichit’sdelivered.Everyonemustgivebadnewsfromtimetotime,andwinningprofessionalsdoitwiththeproperattitude.Adoctoradvisingapatientthatsheneedsanoperationdoesitinacaringway.Abossinforminganemployeehedidn’tgetthejobtakesonasympathetictone.Bigwinnersknow,whendeliveringanybadnews,theyshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.
Unfortunately,manypeoplearenotawareofthis.Whenyou’retiredfromalongflight,hasahotelclerkcheerfullysaidthatyourroomisn’treadyyet?Whenyouhadyourheartsetonthetoastbeef,hasyourwaitermainlytoldyouthathejustservedthelastpiece?Itmakesyouastravelerordinerwanttolandyourfistrightontheirunsympatheticfaces.
Hadmyneighbortoldmeoftheupcomingrainstormwithsympathy,Iwouldhaveappreciatedhiswarming.HadtheGreyhoundsalesclerksympatheticallyinformedmethatmybushadalreadyleft,Iprobablywouldhavesaid,”Oh,that’sallrightI’llcatchthenextone.”Bigwinners,whentheybearbadnews,deliverbombswiththeemotionthebombarded(被轰炸的)personissuretohave.
56.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Deliveringbadnewsproperlyisimportantincommunication.
B.Helpingotherssincerelyisthekeytobusinesssuccess.
C.Receivingbadnewsrequiresgreatcourage.
D.Learningancienttraditionscanbeuseful.
Ａ　
主旨大意题。整体把握文意，文中多次提到人们对带给自己坏消息的人经常心生怨恨，找准关键词"deliverbadnews"，选A。

10.
Adrian’s“AmazingRace”startedearlywhenhisparentsrealizedthathe,asababy,couldn’thearathing,notevenloudnoises.Inaspecialschoolforthehearing-impaired(听觉受损的)，helearnedsignlanguageandgottomixwithotherdisabledchildren.However,thesightofallthedisabledchildrencommunicatingwithoneanotherupsethismother.Shewantedhimtoleadanormallife.Soafterspeakingtoanadvisor,shesenthimtoprivateclasseswherehelearnedtoreadlipsandpronouncewords.
Lateron,Adrian’sparentsdecidedtosendhimtoaregularschool.Buttheheadmastertriedtopreventthemfromdoingso,sayingregularschoolcouldn’ttakecareofaspecialneedsstudents.Hisparentsweredeterminedtotaketheriskandpushhimhardtogothroughhisworkeverydaybecausetheywantedtoprovethat,giventheopportunity,hecoulddoanything.Adrianmadethegradeandgotaccepted.Itwasabigchallenge.Thepace（节奏）wasfastersohehadtositatthefrontoftheclassandreallypayattentiontotheteacher,whichwasn’talwayseasy.Buthestucktoitanddidalotofextraworkafterschool.
TheeffortsmadebyAdrianandhisparentspaidoff.Adriangraduatedwithgoodgradesandgotintoatophighschool.Healsoachievedalotinlifeoutsideschool.HedevelopedalovefortheoutdoorsandwenttoNepaltoclimbmountains.HeevenenteredtheWorldYachtRace05/06---beingthefirsthearing-impairedAsiantodoso.
Butnoneoftheseachievementswouldhavebeenpossiblewithoutoneofthemostimportantlessonsfromhismother.”“Ifyoubelieveinyourselfandworkhard,youcanachievegreatresults.”Sheoftensaid.
44.WhyisAdrian’slifedescribedasan“AmazingRace”?
A.Hedidverywellinhisstudy
B.Hesucceededinenteringaregularschool
C.Hereachedhisgoalsinspiteofhisdisability
D.HetookpartintheWorldYachtRace05/06
44.
C
全文讲的是他自强不息的故事。
主旨大意

三年模拟
A组全国高考模拟题组
1.
RockyLyonswasfiveyearsoldwhenhismother,Kelly,wasdrivingalongthecountryroadwithhim.Hewasasleeponthefrontseatoftheirtruck,withhisfeetrestingonherlap.Ashismomdrovecarefullydownthewindingcountryroad,sheturnedontoanarrowbridge.Thetruckhitarockandslidofftheroad.Sheattemptedtobringitbackupontotheroadbypressinghardonthegaspedalandturningthesteeringwheeltotheleft.ButRocky’sfootgotcaughtbetweenherlegandthesteeringwheelandshelostcontrolofthetruck.
Thetruckfellintoa20-footravine（峡谷）.Whenithitbottom,Rockywokeup.“Whathappened,Mama?”heasked.“Ourwheelsarepointingtowardthesky.”
Kellywasseriouslywoundedandblindedbyblood.“I’llgetyouout,Mama,”announcedRocky,whohadsurprisinglyescapedinjury.HeclimbedoutfromunderKelly,slidthroughtheopenwindowandtriedtoyankhismotherout.Butshedidn’tmove.
“Justletmesleep,”beggedKelly,whowasoutofconsciousness.Rockyinsisted,“Mom,youcan’tgotosleep.”
RockymanagedtopushKellyoutofthetruckandtoldherhe’dclimbuptotheroadandstopacartogethelp.Fearingthatnoonewouldbeabletoseeherlittleboyinthedark,Kellyrefusedtolethimgoalone.Insteadtheyslowlymoveduptotheroad.ThepainwassogreatthatKellywantedtogiveup,butRockywouldn’tlether.
Rockykeptrepeatingtheinspirationalphrase,“Iknowyoucan,Iknowyoucan.”Whentheyfinallyreachedtheroad,Rockybrokeintotearsseeinghismother’stornfaceclearlyforthefirsttime.Wavinghisarmsandshouting,“Pleasestop!”theboystoppedatruck.Hismotherwassenttohospital.
Ittook8hourstorebuildKelly’sface.Shelooksquitedifferenttoday---“Iusedtohaveastraightlongnose,thinlipsandhighcheekbones;nowI’vegotaflatcheeksandmuchbiggerlips”---butshehasfewscarsandhasrecoveredfromherinjuries.
Rocky’sheroicswerebignews.Everyonewassurprisedatthislittleboy’spower.“It’snotlikeIwantedittohappen,”Theboyexplained.“Ijustdidwhatanyonewouldhavedone.”“Ifitweren’tforRocky,I’dhavedied,”saidhismother.
45.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ABoyandHisMotherB.HowtoBehaveWell？
C.IThinkICanD.NothingisLost

2.
It’simpossibletodeterminehowmanypeoplewouldhavelosttheirliveswithoutthecontributionofAfrican-AmericaninventorDrCharlesDrew.
CharlesDrewwasbornonJune3,1904,inWashington,DC.Hisearlyinterestwasineducation,buthewasalsoanoutstandingathlete.Whileincollege,hewasawardedasthemanwhocontributedthemosttosportsduringhisfouryearsinschool.Drew’ssisterElsiesufferedfromtuberculosis(肺结核)anddiedin1920.Herdeathinfluencedhisdecisiontostudymedicine.
Afterbecomingadoctorandworkingasacollegeinstructor,DrewwenttoColumbiaUniversity,whereheearnedhisDoctorofMedicalSciencedegree.Duringthistimehebecameinvolvedinresearchonbloodandbloodtransfusions(输血).
AtColumbia,hewroteapaperon“bankedblood”,inwhichhedescribedatechniquehedevelopedforthelong-termpreservationofbloodplasma(血浆).Beforehisdiscovery,bloodcouldnotbestoredformorethantwodaysbecauseoftherapidbreakdownofredbloodcells.Drewhaddiscoveredthatbyseparatingtheplasmafromthewholebloodandthenrefrigerating(冷冻)themseparately,theycouldbecombinedaweeklaterforabloodtransfusion.DrewbecamethefirstAfricanAmericantoreceiveaPhDinmedicalscience.
AfterWorldWarIIbrokeout,Drewwascalledupontoputhistechniquesintopractice.HewasnamedaprojectdirectorfortheAmericanRedCrossbutsoonquithispostafterthegovernmentissuedanorderthatbloodtakenfromwhitedonors(献血者)shouldbeseparatedfromthatofblackdonors.
OnApril1,1950,afterheattendedtheannualfreeclinicattheJohnA.AndrewMemorialHospital,heandotherthreephysiciansdecidedtodrivebackhome.Ashewastiredfromspendingthenightbeforeintheoperatingroom,helostcontrolofhiscar.DrewwasbadlyinjuredandwastakentoAlamanceGeneralHospitalinBurlington,NorthCarolina.Hewaspronounceddeadhalfanhourafterhefirstreceivedmedicalattention.DrewsfuneralwasheldonApril5,1950,attheNineteenthStreetBaptistChurchinWashington,DC.
Butcontrarytopopularlegend,hewasnotrefusedabloodtransfusionbyanall-whitehospital.Heindeedreceivedatransfusionbutwasbeyondthehelpofthephysiciansattendingtohim.AsDr.JohnFord,oneofthedoctorswhosurvivedtheaccident,laterexplained,“Weallreceivedtheverybestofcare.ThefactthathewasaBlackdidnotinanywaylimitthecarethatwasgiventohim.”Overtheyears,Drewhasbeenconsideredoneofthemosthonoredfiguresinthemedicalfield.
44.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?
A.CharlesDrewdiedinamedicalaccident.
B.AfricanAmericanswerestilltreatedunfairlyinthe1940s.
C.CharlesDrewwasthefirstAfricanAmericantoreceiveaPhD.
D.PhysiciansrefusedtogiveCharlesDrewmedicalattentionbecausehewasablack.
3.
IwasbroughtupintheBritish,stiffupperlipstyle.Strongfeelingsaren’tsomethingyoudisplayinpublic.So,youcanimaginethatIwasunpreparedfortheoutpouringofpublicgrief(悲伤)ataChinesefuneral.
Myeditorialteamleaderdiedrecentlyafterashortillness.Hewas31.Thenewswassounexpectedthatitleftusallshockedandupset.Afemalecolleagueburstintotearsandcriedpiteouslyatherdesk.Somehowwegotthroughthedayswork.Thenextdaywasthefuneral.
Ourbigbosssteppedforwardtodeliveraeulogyandwassoonintears.Shecarriedon,inChineseofcourse,butattheendsaidinEnglish:"Therewillbenomoredeadlinesforyouinheaven."Nextcamealong-termcolleaguewhoalsodissolvedintearsbutcarriedonwithherspeechdespitebeingalmostovercomebyemotion.Thenaclosefriendofthedeadmanpaidtribute(哀悼),weepingopenlyashespoke.Sorrowisspeading.Meandwomenwerenowsobbinguncontrollably.Finally,themansmother,supportedbetweentwowomen,addressedhersoninhiscoffin.Atonepoint,themotheralmostcollapsedandhadtobeheldup.Wewereinvitedtostepforwardtoeachlayawhiteroseonthecasket.Ourdeadcolleaguelookedasifhewastakinganap.AttheendoftheserviceIwalkedawayfromthefuneralparlorstunnedattheoutpouringofemotion.
IntheUK,familiesgrieveprivatelyandthentrytoholdittogetherandnotbreakdownatafuneral.HereinChinaitwouldseemthatgrievingisapublicaffair.Itstrikesmethatitismorecathartictocryyoureyesoutthantrytokeepitbottledupforfearofembarrassment,whichiswhatmanyofusdointheWest.
Afterwards,aChinesecolleaguetoldmethatthelamentingatthefuneralhadbeenrestrained(克制)byChinesestandards.Insomeruralareas,shesaid,peopleusedtobepaidtomournnoisily.ThisstruckmelikesomethingoutofnovelbyCharlesDickens.ButwehaveallseenonTVscenesofgrief-strickenpeopleinGazaandtheWestBank,inAfghanistan,Iraqandtherelativesofvictimsofterroristbombingsaroundtheworld.Chinesegriefisnodifferent.IrealizedthatitsthereservedBritishwayofmourningthatisoutofstepwiththerestoftheworld.
Itwasournewspapersproductionday.Wewerebussedbacktotheofficetoresumework.Nomoredeadlinesforourformercolleague,butwehadtopulltogethertoputthenewspapertoprint.Thebossinvitedtheteamtogooutfordinnerafterwork.Werelaxed,smiled,joked.Therewasnomentionofthefuneralorourpoorcolleague.Enoughsorrowhadbeenshedalready.Weneededabreak.
45．Thispassagetalksmainlyabout.
A．aneditor’sdeathB．badfuneralcustoms
C．westernwaysofgriefD．culturaldifferences
4.
SteveJobs,theformerchiefexecutiveofApple,announcedhisresignationasheadofAppleonAug．24,2011．ThefollowingistheletterfromSteveJobstotheAppleboard．
TotheAppleBoardofDirectorsandtheAppleCommunity:
IhavealwayssaidifthereevercameadaywhenIcouldnolongermeetmydutiesandexpectationsasApple’sCEO,Iwouldbethefirsttoletyouknow．Unfortunately,thatdayhascome．
IherebyresignasCEOofApple．Iwouldliketoserve,iftheBoardseesfit,asChairmanoftheBoard,directorandAppleemployee．
Asfarasmysuccessor（继任者）goes,Istronglyrecommendthatweexecute（执行）oursuccessionplanandnameTimCookasCEOofApple．
IbelieveApple’sbrightestandmostinnovative（创意改革的）daysareaheadofit．AndIlookforwardtowatchingandcontributingtoitssuccessinanewrole．
IhavemadesomeofthebestfriendsofmylifeatApple,andIthankyouallforthemanyyearsofbeingabletoworkalongsideyou．
Steve
TimCook,thenewlyappointedCEOofApple,sentanemailtothetroopsafterSteveJobssteppeddown．Belowisthefulltextoftheemail．
Team:
IamlookingforwardtotheamazingopportunityofservingasCEOofthemostinnovativecompanyintheworld．JoiningApplewasthebestdecisionI’veevermadeandit’sbeentheprivilegeofalifetimetoworkforAppleandSteveforover13years．IshareSteve’soptimismforApple’sbrightfuture．
Stevehasbeenanincredibleleaderandmentortome,aswellastotheentireexecutiveteamandouramazingemployees．WearereallylookingforwardtoSteve’songoingguidanceandinspirationasourChairman．
IwantyoutobeconfidentthatAppleisnotgoingtochange．IcherishandcelebrateApple’suniqueprinciplesandvalues．Stevebuiltacompanyandculturethatisunlikeanyotherintheworldandwearegoingtostaytruetothat—itisinourDNA．Wearegoingtocontinuetomakethebestproductsintheworldthatdelightourcustomersandmakeouremployeesincrediblyproudofwhattheydo．
IloveAppleandIamlookingforwardtodivingintomynewrole．AlloftheincrediblesupportfromtheBoard,theexecutiveteamandmanyofyouhasbeeninspiring．IamconfidentourbestyearslieaheadofusandthattogetherwewillcontinuetomakeApplethemagicalplacethatitis．
Tim
Cook,50,onceservedinIBMandCompaqbeforehejoinedApplein1998．Hewaspromotedtothechiefoperatingofficerin2007andhasbeentherealCEOresponsibleformostofApple’sday-to-dayoperationsduringJob’smedicalleaves．
It’sbelievedthatthereplacementwillnotaffectApple’sbusinessatleastinshortterm,butitisunclearwhetherApple’sinnovationandoperationalefficiencieswillcontinueunabated．
43．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat．
A．CookhasbeeninchargeofApple’sdailyoperationssince2007
B．Cookisproudofhispromotionandregardsitasalifetimehonor
C．SteveJobsrefusedtoprovideongoingguidancebecauseofhishealthproblem
D．SteveJobsandTimCooksharethesamebeliefinApple’sfuture
5.
Wecanstayyoungforever.ThatisthemessageDr.ShenZiyinwantstogivetheworld.AndtheChinesedoctorclaimsthathehasfoundananswertotheproblemsofaging.
Hissolutionisaherbalmedicinetoslowtheprocessofaging.
Dr.ShenZiyinhasbeentrainedinWesternmedicine.AtthesametimehestudiedtraditionalChinesemedicine.And,hehasbeenworkingforthepastfortyyearstoputtogetherthebestofbothandfindacureforaging.HehastakenahintfromtheancientChinesemedicinesystemcalled“shen”.
AccordingtoShen,itisthekidney（肾脏）whichadjuststhefunctioningofthebodyaswellasitsagingprocess.Itisresponsibleforthelevelofactivitythatthehumanbodiesgothrough.StudiesconductedbyDr.Shenshowthatherbalmedicinebasedontheshensystemslowtheagingprocess,saysareportinTheTelegraphnewspaper.
Wenoticethatwhenpeoplegrowold,theyhavereducedstrength,lossofhair,backache,weaknessingeneral,andwrinkles,amongothers.Thishappensbecausewhenpeoplegrowold,theirbodiesproduceT-cells.TheseT-cellscontainaparticularsubstancecalledFas.Fasmakesthecellsinthebodydestructthemselves.
SotheonlywaytoslowdownagingistoslowtheproductionofT-cellsinthebody.Thiscanhappenifpeopleeatlowcaloriefood.ThenthebodyisnotactiveenoughtoproduceextraT-cells.But,isgoinghungryallthetimeagoodpricetopayforstayingyoung?
ThisiswhereDr.Shen’sherbalmedicinecomesin.Buthoweffectiveitwillbe,onlytimecantell.
49.Wecanprobablylearnfromthepassagethat_________.
A.producingmorelowcaloriefoodallowspeopletokeepyoung
B.themoreChineseherbalmedicinepeopledrink,thebetterforhealth
C.peopleshouldtrytoquickentheproductionofT-cellsinthebody
D.itremainsunknownhoweffectiveDr.Shen’sherbalmedicineis
6.
Never-say-dieAttitude
In1883,acreativeengineernamedJohnRoeblingwasinspiredbyanideatobuildaspectacularbridgeconnectingNewYorkwiththeLongIsland.However,bridgebuildingexpertsthroughtouttheworldthoughtthatthiswasanimpossiblefeatandtoldRoeblingtoforgettheidea．Itjustcouldnotbedone.Itwasnotpractical．Ithadneverbeendonebefore.
Roeblingcouldnotignorethevisionhehadinhismindofthisbridge.Hethoughtaboutitallthetimeandheknewdeepinhisheartthatitcouldbedone.Hejusthadtosharethedreamwithsomeoneelse.AftermuchdiscussionandpersuasionhemanagedtoconvincehissonWashington，anup-and-comingengineer,thatthebridgeinfactcouldbebuilt.
Workingtogetherforthefirsttime,thefatherandsondevelopedconceptsofhowitcouldbeaccomplishedandhowtheobstaclescouldbeovercome.Withgreatexcitementandinspiration,andheadinessofawildchallengebeforethem,theyhiredtheircrewandbegantobuildtheirdreambridge.
Theprojectstartedwell,butwhenitwasonlyafewmonthsunderwayatregicaccidentonthesitetookthelifeofJohnRoebling.Washingtonwasinjuredandleftwithcertainaccountofbraindamage,whichresultedinhimnotbeingabletowalkortalkorevenmove.
“Wetoldthemso.”
“Crazymenandtheircrazydreams.”
“It’sfoolishtochasewildvisions.”
EveryonehadanegativecommenttomakeandfeltthattheprojectshouldbescrapedsincetheRoeblingsweretheonlyoneswhoknewhowthebridgecouldbebuilt.Inspiteofhishandicap,Washingtonwasneverdiscouragedandstillhadburningdesiretocompletethebridgeandhismindwasstillassharpasever.
Hetriedtoinspireandpassonhisenthusiasmtosomeofhisfriends,buttheyweretoodauntedbythetask．Ashelayonhisbedinhishospitalroom，withthesunlightstreamingthroughthewindows,agentlebreezeblewthewhitecurtainsapartandhewasabletoseetheskyandthetopofthetreesoutsideforjustamoment.Itseemedthattherewasamessageforhimnottogiveup.Suddenlyanideahithim.Allhecoulddowasmoveonefingeranddecidedtomakethebestuseofit.Bymovingthis,heslowlydevelopedacodeofcommunicationwithhiswife.
Hetouchedhiswife’sarmwiththatfinger,indicatingtoherhewantedhertocalltheengineersagain.Thenheusedthesamemethodoftappingherarmtotelltheengineerswhattodo.Itseemedfoolishbuttheprojectwasunderwayagain.
For13yearsWashingtontappedouthisinstructionswithhisfingeronhiswife’sarmuntilthebridgewasfinallycompleted.TodaythespectacularBrooklynBridgestandsinallitsgloryasatributeofone’sindomitablespiritandhisdeterminationnottobedefeatedbycircumstances.Itisalsoatributetotheengineersandtheirteamwork,andtotheirfaithinamanwhowasconsideredmadbyhalftheworld.Itstandstooasamonumenttotheloveanddevotionofhiswifewhofor13yearspatientlydecodedthemessageofherhusbandandtoldtheengineerswhattodo.
Perhapsthisisoneofthebestexampleofanever-say-dieattitudethatovercomesaterriblephysicalhandicapandachievesanimpossiblegoal.
60.WhatmadetheRoebelings’success?
ATheirnever-say-dieattitudeandthesupportoftheirfamily
BTheirdevotiontobuildingbridge
C.Theirbraveryandpersistence
D.Theirhighskillinprofession
7.
Onethingthetourbooksdon’ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Theyranawayfromthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.
“Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,”saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork’sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry’slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(驼鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyon(捕食)pigeons.
Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970spollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbs.Inaddition,urbanwildliferefuges(避难处)havebeencreated.TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent￡750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.OneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.
Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings(悬崖栖息地).By1970thebirdshaddiedouteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothintosupportlife.Thatyear,scientistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganraisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfood.
Citiescanattractwildanimalswithoutturningthemharmful.Thetrickistocreatehabitatswheretheycanbeself-sufficientbutstillbeseenandappreciated.Suchhabitatscanevenbefunctional.InSanFrancisco,thelocalgovernmentistestingdifferentkindsofrainwatercontrolbasinstoseenotonlywhichonesretain(保持)thecleanestwaterbutwhichwillattractthemostbirds.
50.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat________.
A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife
B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation
C.Londonisacityoffox
D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment
53.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
A.Londonersareputtingmoreandmorewildanimalsintotheirzoos.
B.Londonersarehappytoseewildanimalsreturntotheircity
C.Londonersaretryingtomovewildanimalsbacktothecountryside
D.Londonershavewelcomedthewildbirds,butfoundfoxesaproblem
54.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.WildlifereturningtolargecitiesB.FoxesreturningtoLondon
C.WildanimalslivinginzoosD.AsurveyofwildlifeinNewYork
8.
Onethingthetourbooksdon’ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Theyranawayfromthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.
“Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,”saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork’sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry’slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(驼鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyon(捕食)pigeons.
Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970spollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbs.Inaddition,urbanwildliferefuges(避难处)havebeencreated.TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent￡750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.OneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.
Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings(悬崖栖息地).By1970thebirdshaddiedouteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothintosupportlife.Thatyear,scientistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganraisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfood.
Citiescanattractwildanimalswithoutturningthemharmful.Thetrickistocreatehabitatswheretheycanbeself-sufficientbutstillbeseenandappreciated.Suchhabitatscanevenbefunctional.InSanFrancisco,thelocalgovernmentistestingdifferentkindsofrainwatercontrolbasinstoseenotonlywhichonesretain(保持)thecleanestwaterbutwhichwillattractthemostbirds.
50.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat________.
A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife
B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation
C.Londonisacityoffox
D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment
53.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
A.Londonersareputtingmoreandmorewildanimalsintotheirzoos.
B.Londonersarehappytoseewildanimalsreturntotheircity
C.Londonersaretryingtomovewildanimalsbacktothecountryside
D.Londonershavewelcomedthewildbirds,butfoundfoxesaproblem
54.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.WildlifereturningtolargecitiesB.FoxesreturningtoLondon
C.WildanimalslivinginzoosD.AsurveyofwildlifeinNewYork

B组2010-全国高考模拟题组
1.
AsChinadevelops，theInternet’spopular．ButsomegetaddictedtotheInternet．13-year-oldXiaoYipaidahighpriceforit．Hewenttothetopofa24-storeybuildingandthenjumpedtohisdeath．Hewantedtoenteranotherlifetomeetthecharactersfromtheonlinegames.
InternetaddictiongotattentioninChina．Internetaddictsdiedfromexhaustionafterspendingdaysonlineormurderedothersinsearchofvirtualpossessions．PublicangerovertheseincidentsspurredtheopeningofChina’sfirstInternetaddictiontreatmentcenter．
Theclinic’streatmentmightseemcruel．Butit’sapopularchoiceforworriedparents．
“Eversinceourdoor’sopened，everybedhasbeenfull．”saysthecenter’sdirector．Theyarealsokeptbusywithactivities，designedtotakeaddicts’attentionawayfromtheattractionofcomputers．
“I’mconfidentthiswillworkorIwouldn’thavecomehere.”explainstacollegestudent．SomearguethegovernmentisexaggeratingconcernsaboutInternetaddictionasanexcusetostopInternetcafesandgamesites．ButforChina’sestimated2millionInternetaddicts，theattractionoftheInternetisarealproblem.
56．Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe．
A．ChinaopensaddictiontreatmentcentersB．ChinafightsagainstWebaddiction
C．ChinastopsInternetcafesandgamesites
D．Chinadesignstotaketeenagersawayfromtheattractionofcomputers
60．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat．
A．ChinahassettledtheproblemofInternetaddictionB．Onlystudentsgetaddictedtotheinternet
C．Onlyparentsareworriedabouttheproblem
D．NopracticalmethodshavebeenfoundtoentirelysolvetheInternetaddiction
2.
Tesswenttoherbedroomandpulledaglassjellyjarfromitshidingplaceinthecloset.Shepouredallthechangeoutonthefloorandcounteditcarefully.Threetimes,even.Thetotalhadtobeabsolutelyexact.Thencarefullyplacingthecoinsbackinthejarandtwistingonthecap,sheslippedoutthebackdoorandmadeherwaysixblockstothepharmacy（药房）.
Shewaitedpatientlyforthepharmacisttogivehersomeattentionbuthewastoobusyatthismoment.Soshetookaquarterfromherjarandbangeditontheglasscounter.Thatdidit!
“Andwhatdoyouwant?”thepharmacistaskedinanannoyedtoneofvoice.“I’mtalkingtomybrotherfromChicagowhomIhaven’tseeninages,”hesaidwithoutwaitingforareplytohisquestion.
“Well,Iwanttotalktoyouaboutmybrother,”Tessansweredbackinthesameannoyedtone.“He’sreally,reallysick…andIwanttobuyamiracle.”
“Ibegyourpardon?”saidthepharmacist.
“HisnameisAndrewandhehassomethingbadgrowinginsidehisheadandmyDaddysaysonlyamiraclecansavehimnow.Sohowmuchdoesamiraclecost?”
Thepharmacist’sbrotherwasawelldressedman.Hebentdownandaskedthelittlegirl,“Whatkindofamiracledoesyourbrotherneed?”
“Idon’tknow,”Tessrepliedwithhereyeswellingup.“Ijustknowhe’sreallysickandMommysaysheneedsanoperation.ButmyDaddycan’tpayforit,soIwanttousemymoney.”
“Howmuchdoyouhave?”askedthemanfromChicago.
“Onedollarandelevencents,”Tessanswered.“Andit’sallthemoneyIhave.”
“Well,whatacoincidence.Adollarandelevencents—theexactpriceofamiracleforlittlebrother,”smiledtheman.
“Takemetowhereyoulive.Iwanttoseeyourbrotherandmeetyourparents.Let’sseeifIhavethekindofmiracleyouneed.”
Thepharmacist’sbrother,Dr.CarltonArmstrong,asurgeon,wasexpertinneurosurgery(神经外科).Theoperationwascompletedwithoutchargeanditwasn’tlongbeforeAndrewwashomeagainanddoingwell.
MomandDadwerehappilytalkingaboutthechainofeventsthathadledthemtothisplace.“Thatsurgery,”herMomwhispered.“wasarealmiracle.Iwonderhowmuchitwouldhavecost?”
Tesssmiled.Sheknewexactlyhowmuchamiraclecost…onedollarandelevencents…plusthefaithofalittlechild.
43.ItcanbeinferredthatAndrew’soperationwouldhavebeen______________.
A.costlyB.dangerousC.seriousD.difficult
3.
Who’sincontrolofyourlife?Whoispullingyourstring?Forthemajorityofus,it’sotherpeople—society,colleagues,friends,familyorourreligiouscommunity.Welearnedthiswayofoperatingwhenwewereveryyoung,ofcourse.Wewerebrainwashed.Wediscoveredthatfeelingimportantandfeelingacceptedwasaniceexperienceandsowelearnedtodoeverythingwecouldtomakeotherpeoplelikeus.AsOscarWildeputsit,“Mostpeopleareotherpeople.Theirthoughtsaresomeoneelse’sopinions,theirlivesamimicry(模仿),theirpassionsaquotation.”
Sowhenpeopletellushowwonderfulweare,itmakesusfeelgood.Welongforthisgoodfeelinglikeadrug.Therefore,wearesoeagerfortheapprovalofothersthatweliveunhappyandlimitedlives,failingtodothethingswereallywantto.Justasdrugaddictsandalcoholicsliveworsenedlivestokeepgettingtheirfix(一剂毒品).Weworsenourownexistencetogetourownconstantfixofapproval.
But,justaswithanydrug,thereisapricetopay.Thepriceoftheapprovaldrugisfreedom—thefreedomtobeourselves.Thetruthisthatwecannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplethink.Peoplehavetheirownagenda,andtheycomewiththeirownbaggageand,intheend,theyremoreinterestedinthemselvesthaninyou.Furthermore,ifwetrytolivebytheopinionsofothers,wewillbuildourlifeonsinkingsand.Everyonehasadifferentwayofthinking,andpeoplechangetheiropinionsallthetime.Thepersonwhotriestopleaseeveryonewillonlyendupgettingexhaustedandprobablypleasingnooneintheprocess.
Sohowcanwetakebackcontrol?Ithinkthere’sonlyoneway—makeaconsciousdecisiontostopcaringwhatotherpeoplethink.Weshouldguideourselvesbymeansofasetofvalues---notvaluesimposed（强加）fromtheoutsidebyothers,butinnatevalueswhichcomefromwithin.Ifwearedrivenbythesevaluesandnotbythechangingopinionsandvaluesystemsofothers,wewillliveamoreauthentic,effective,purposefulandhappylife.
72.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat__________.
A.weshouldn’tcarewhatothersthinkB.it’sbettertodowhatwelike
C.weshouldntchangeourownopinionsD.it’simportanttoacceptothers’opinions
4.
TherewereredfacesatoneofBritain’sbiggestbanksrecently.Theyhadacceptedatelephoneordertobuy￡100,000worthofsharesfroma15-year-oldschoolboy(theythoughthewas21).Thesharesfellinvalueandtheschoolboywasunabletopayup.Thebanklost￡20,000onthedealwhichitcannotgetback,because,foronething,theyoungboydoesnothavethemoney,foranother,beingunder18,heisnotlegallyliableforhisdebts.Iftheshareshadriseninvaluebythesameamountthattheyfell,hewouldhavepocketed￡20,000profit.Itcertainlyisbetterthandeliveringthemorningnewspaper.Inanothercase,aboyof14found,inhisgrandmother’shouse,asuitcasefullofforeignbanknotes.Buttheywerenownotusedintheircountryoforiginoranywhereelse.Thisyoungboyheadedstraighttothenearestbankwithhispocketsfilledwithnotes.Thecashiersdidnotrealizethecountryinquestionhadreducedthevalueofitscurrencyby90%.Theyexchangedthenotesattheirfacevalueatthecurrentexchangerate.Inthreedays,beforehewasfoundout,hetook￡200,000fromninedifferentbanks.Amazingly,hehadalreadyspentmorethanhalfofthisbeforethepolicecaughtupwithhim.Becauseheisalsounder18thebankshavekissedgoodbyetoalotofmoney,andseveralcashiershavelosttheirjobs.
Shouldweadmiretheseyoungstersforbeingenterprisingandshowinginitiativeorcondemnthemfortheirdishonesty?Maybetheyhadmanagedforyearswithtinyamountsofpocketmoneythattheygotfromtight-fistedparents.MaybetheyhaddoneSaturdayjobsforpeanuts.Itishardlysurprising,giventheexpensivethingsthatyoungpeoplewanttobuy,suchasfashionablerunningshoesandcomputergames,iftheysometimesthinkupmoreimaginativewaysofmakingmoneythandeliveringnewspapers.Theseyoungsterssawthechancetomakealotofmoneyandtookit.
Anotherrecentstorywhichshouldgiveusfoodforthoughtisthecaseofthemanwhopaidhissix-year-olddaughter￡300aweekpocketmoney.Hethenchargedherforthefoodsheateafewcoinsforherpiggybank（存钱灌）“Shewillsoonlearnthevalueofmoney,”hesaid.“There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.Everythinghastobepaidforandthesoonershelearnsthatthebetter.”Attheotherextremetherearefondparentswhoprovidefreebedandboardfortheirgrown-upchildren,Whileeventhemosthard-heartedparentsmighthesitatetothrowtheirchildrenoutonthestreets,weallknowofpeopleintheirtwentieswhostillshamelesslyliveofftheirparents.Surelytherecomesatimewheneveryonehastoleavetheparentalnest,lookafterthemselvesandpaytheirownwayinlife.Butwhenisit?
54.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthorbelievesthat_____.
A.childrenshouldleavetheparentalnestassoonaspossible
B.grown-upchildrenshouldliveontheirown
C.childrenshouldbetaughtnottocheatothers
D.parentsshouldgivemorepocketmoneytotheirchildren
5.
Aroundtheglobe,thetouristtradeisboomingandyouarepromisedtoenjoyallthecomfortandconvenienceofmoderntourism.Thefirst-classsystemsofcommunicationbyair,seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother’scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe‘grandtour’,reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithinmostpeople’sgrasp.Thepackagetourandcharteredflights(包机)arequitepopulartous.Moderntravelersenjoyalevelofcomfortwhichthoseongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn’thavedreamedof.Withallthiscomingandgoing,youwouldexpectgreaterunderstandingtodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!Sowhat’sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother?Sothereisagreatmisdirectionintouristbusiness,especiallyinconductedtouritems.
Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theypurposelysetoutto“protect”theirpassengersfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Moderntouristsleadaprotectedandseparatedlife.Theyliveatinternationalhotels,wheretheyeatstheirinternationalfoodandsipstheirinternationaldrinkwhilegazingatthenativesfromadistance.Designedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullyarranged.Thetouristsareallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswantthemtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouriststowanderoffontheirown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarrier,sotheymightonlybetoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.
Atitsveryworst,thismerelyleadstoanewandterriblekindofcolonization.Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofcertainoldideasofothernationsandcountries.Wedon’tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare,butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievewhattheyare,evenstayingalongwiththatfromtextbooksduringourschooling.
Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities,say,French,German,English,AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind,matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives:musical,emotional,cold,pedantic(爱追究的),native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned,theseadjectivesjustactuallyactasbarriers,forwecan’tdothejobwithcertainty.So,frequently,whenyousetoutonyourtravels,theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmwhatyouhavealreadyobtainedasthefirstconceptionsinyourmind.Andyougethomeonlywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpression,suchasthesaying,“Anglo-Saxonsarehypocrites(伪君子)”and“Latinpeoplesshoutalot”.However,togaintherealunderstanding,youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendsandyouwillknowhowridiculousandharmfulsomeoldconceptionsofothernationsare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou?
Beingcarriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Averywildandlimitedoutlookmaystirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact—howreasonlessitsounds!–thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachother,whileatthesametimeallunique.
58.Thepurposeoftheauthor’swritingistopointout______.
A.conductedtourshouldbestoppedB.thewayoftouringshouldbechanged
C.gainedknowledgecan’tberenewedD.somenationsstaythesameasbefore
60.Themainideaforthispassageisthat______.
A.tourismdoeslittletoincreaseunderstandingbetweennations
B.tourismisterriblewithouttheworkofthetouristorganizations
C.conductedtourissodullthatnobodywantstoacceptitnow
D.tourismreallydoessomethingwonderfultomanycountries
6.
Thesayingthatchildrendon’tlikereadinganymorehasbeenproveduntrue.Anewstudyfindsthat75percentofkidsbetween5and17saythatalthoughtheylovetechnology,theystillwanttoreadbooks.
“ThekidsFamilyReadingReport”alsosaysthat62percentofkidspreferreadingprintedbooksratherthanthoseonacomputer.Atthesametime,thosewhosearchanauthor’swebsiteorusetheInternettofindbooksbyaparticularauthor,aremorelikelytoreadbooksforfuneveryday.
Thestudyalsoonceagainprovesthatthetimekidsspendreadingbooksforfundecreasesaftertheageofeightandcontinuestodropthroughtheteenyears.Thereportisafollow-uptoa2006study.Butthistimethefocusisontheroleoftechnologyandwhenkids’interestinreadingstartstodrop.
“Despitethefactthataftertheageofeightmorechildrengoonlinedailythanreadforfundaily,highfrequencyInternetusersaremorelikelytoreadbooksforfuneveryday.”saysHeatherCarter,awriterofthereport.
Oneinfourkidsbetween5and17saytheyreadbooksforfuneverydayandmorethanhalfofkidssaytheyreadbooksforfunatleasttwotothreetimesaweek.Oneofthekeyreasonskidssaywhytheydon’treadmoreoftenisthattheyhavetroublefindingbookstheylike—arequirementthatparentsunderestimate.
Thestudyalsofindsthatparentshaveastronginfluenceonkids’reading,butonlyabouthalfofallparentsbeginreadingtotheirkidsbeforetheirfirstbirthday.Thepercentofchildrenwhoarereadtoeverydaydropsfrom38percentamongfive-to-eight-year-oldsto23percentamongnine-to-11-year-olds—exactlythesametimethatkids’dailyreadingforfunstartstodrop.
“Parents’engagementintheirchildren’sreadingfrombirthallthewaythroughtheteenyearscanhaveagreatinfluenceonhowoftentheirchildrenreadandhowmuchtheyenjoyreading”,addsCarter.
50.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
A.nowadaysallthekidsstillliketoreadbooks
B.mostparentsbeginreadingtotheirkidsfromtheirbirth
C.somekidsliketogetsomeinformationusingtheInternet
D.thestudyofkids’readinghasbeenmadebefore
53.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.DokidsstilllikereadingB.Kids’interestinreadingdrops
C.Newtechnologyonkids’readingD.Parents’influenceonkids’reading

扩展阅读

高考英语精品复习：英语阅读理解

高三英语精品复习资料：
英语阅读理解

高考阅读试题的命题方式和去年基本保持一致。命题特点如下：
1．阅读理解题型为：主旨大意题；分析推理题；细节理解题；猜测词义题；以细节判断试题为主。通过捕捉细节、分析细节、归纳正确答案。
2．阅读材料的选择尽量作到体裁分布均匀，题材多样，语言地道，材料多为最近几年国内外报刊、杂志上具有时代性的原汁原味的文章。有很强的时代气息。
3．阅读文理解试题体裁广泛，一般有记叙文，议论文，说明文和应用文。
4．题材涉及内容广，有科普类、人物传记、故事类、历史文化类、广告和新闻报道类、社会热点和地理类。
5．试题难度适中，试卷包括难题中等和容易试题。中等为主、体现了大纲的要求。
6．阅读速度要求每分钟60单词。
7．加大了深层次理解试题和篇章结构试题的考查力度。
8．新课标试题有新的变化，增加了阅读表达试题。广东省阅读理解中加入了匹配试题。

细节理解试题推断试题主旨大意试题词义猜测试题
07年全国卷9631
06年全国卷7922
05年全国卷7922

1．事实细节理解：细节试题答案与原文相关联，在文中能直接找到答案。命题多与特殊问句、是非题，数字题有关。
Secretary.Parttime.20hoursaweek.Busydoctor`soffice.Experiencepreferred.Goodtyping.Call555-2438
BABYSITTER3to6weekdayafternoons.Iwilltakeyouhome.anhour,call555-5593.
Guitarlessons.Yourhomeormine.Experiencedmusician.Master`sdegreeinmusicCallLouise555-6131.
TENTHSTREETBLOCKPARTY.July15.Noonto8.Food,games,prizes,liveband.TenthStreetbetweenMainandNorth.
APARTMENTFORRENT.3sunnyroomsonhighfloor,greatview.Separatekitchen.Wall-to-wallcarpeting.Thelivingroomcanbeusedasdiningroom.Email:[emailprotected]
TAXIDRIVERWANTED.Fullorparttime.Experiencenecessary.Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.Call555—8860between9amand5pmweekdays.
Astereosystemforsale.Ithastwospeakers.ThesystemhasAM/FMradio.Italsohasatapedeckandturntable.Itisingoodcondition.Thestereowasownedforonlyoneyear.Thepriceis0includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.CallBillafter6pmat555-9834.
2．数字细节题：这类考查的是学生对文中提供的数据与文中其他信息的关系的理解及加工的能力。
Howmanyofthesevenadsareplacedbypeoplewhowanttohiresomeoneforacertainjob?
FourB.ThreeC.TwoD.Five
答案：B.解析：根据第一、二、六段开头的信息，可知有三个广告招聘人。
3．正误细节试题：试题结构如下：
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
2.WhichofthefollowingcouldNotexpected.
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraph?
Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thosewhohavesomeexperienceinofficeworkwillhaveabetterchancetogetthejobofsecretary.
B.Theownerofthestereowillneversellhisstereoatapricelessthan0.
C.Thetaxidriverisnotnotnecessarilyfamiliarwiththecity.
D.Thetenthstreetblockpartywilllastuntilafter8
答案：A.解析：根据广告1中的Experiencepreferred。广告6中Experiencenecessary，可知答案A是真实的。根据广告7中Thepriceis0includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.。可知道B不真实。根据广告6中，Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.可知C不真实。根据广告4中，是十点到八点，故此。D不真实。
4．主旨大意题：此题考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。出试题的模式多为：
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?
2.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.
3.Thewriter`spurposeisthat_____.
4.Themainideaofthearticleis____.
5.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.
6.Thekeypointofthepassageis___.
7.Thearticlemainlytellsusabout____.
8.Inthepassagethewriterarguesthat____.
说明文一般有主题句，所以寻找主题句显得尤其重要，一般主题句在句首，有时候在句末。有时候，有的说明文、议论文的主题句要通过每段的主题句归纳得出。
Ifyouarelikemoststudents,youprobablyreadbothathomeandoutsideyourhome:perhapssomewhereonyourschoolyardandmaybeevenatworkduringyourbreaks.Yourreadingenvironmentcanhaveagreateffectonyourunderstanding,soyougivesomethoughttohowyoucancreateorchoosetherightreadingenvironments.Theenvironmentallowstostayalterandtokeepallofyourattentiononthetext,especiallywhenitisbothinterestinganddifficult.
Whenyouareathome,youcanusuallycreateeffectiveconditionsforreading.Youmightwanttochooseaparticularplace–adeskortable,forexample–whereyoualwaysread.Makesuretheplaceyouchooseiswelllighted,andsitinachairthatrequiresyoutositstraight.Readinginachairthat`stoosoftandcomfortableislikelyyoumakeyousleepy!Keepyouractivereadingtools(pens,markers,notebooksorpaper)andadictionarycloseathand.
Beforeyousitdownforareadingperiod,trytoreduceallpossibleinterruptions.Turnoffyourphone,thetelevision,andtheradio.tellyourfamilymembersorroommatesthatyouwillbebusyforawhile.Ifnecessary,puta“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor!Themoreinterruptionsyoumustdealwithwhileyouread,theharderitwillbetokeepyourattentiononthetaskathand.
Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
WhattoReadB.TheWaystoReducePossibleInterruptions
CCreatinganEffectiveReadingEnvironment
D.HowtoReadFast
答案：C解析：本文是说明文，主题句是第一段第二句。意思是怎样创设良好的阅读环境。
5．推断试题：这类题主要考查学生对文章句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系的理解，如何推测文章表面信息的深层含义、判断作者的意图、态度、观点、语气.这类试题的结构如下：
*Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor__________.
*Whatisimpliedbutnotstated?
*Theparagraphisprobablytakenfrom____
*Itcanbeinferredinthestorythat______.
*Thewriterimpliedthat___________.
*What`sthewriter`sattitudetowards______?
*Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?
*Whatisthewriter`spurpose?
*Fromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthat_____.
Ourvillagecarpenter,JohnHill,cameonedayandmadeadiningtableformywife.Hemadeitjusttherightsizetofillthespacebetweenthetwowindows.WhenIgothomethatevening,Johnwasdrinkingacupofteaandwritingouthisbillforthejob.
Mywifesaidtomequietly,“Itisninthcupofteatoday.”Butshesaidinaloudvoice,
“Itisabeautifultable,dear,isn`tit?”
“I`lldecidedaboutthatwhenIseethebill”Iread:
Onediningtable,10November,1989.
Costofwood:.00
Paint:

高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习。

2.
BicycleSafety
OperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus(校园).Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.
TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerack---evenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It’sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyourserialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.
Equipment
BrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjustedproperly.
HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.
LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight---visibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisa
goodidea.
RulesoftheRoad
RidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.
BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscanresultinafine.
IfThingsGoWrong
Ifyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:
Nobicycleregistration---------------------------------------------------$25
Bicycleparkingbanned--------------------------------------------------$30
Blockingpathwithbicycle---------------------------------------------$40
Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement-------------------------$35
40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.B.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus.
C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.D.Rulesforridingmotorvehiclesoncampus.
3.
Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewallawayfromyourcollege.
King’sArtCentre
AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibitionoftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.
Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto‘learnfromthemasters’orgetmorecreativewithpaint–freeofcharge.
TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.
theBotanicGarden
TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.
Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.
GettothedisplayhousetoseeDionaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.
TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled‘HissingSid’isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.
Byron’sPool
ManystoriessurroundLordByron’stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness”.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I’mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.
ItisalsosaidthatonoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon’ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf–overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.
65.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Someplacesforweekendbreak.
B.Awaytobecomecreativeinart.
C.Thecolourfullifeinthecountryside.
D.UnknownstoriesofCambridgeUniversity.

扩展阅读

高考英语精品复习：英语阅读理解

细节理解试题推断试题主旨大意试题词义猜测试题
07年全国卷9631
06年全国卷7922
05年全国卷7922

1．事实细节理解：细节试题答案与原文相关联，在文中能直接找到答案。命题多与特殊问句、是非题，数字题有关。
Secretary.Parttime.20hoursaweek.Busydoctor`soffice.Experiencepreferred.Goodtyping.Call555-2438
BABYSITTER3to6weekdayafternoons.Iwilltakeyouhome.$5anhour,call555-5593.
Guitarlessons.Yourhomeormine.Experiencedmusician.Master`sdegreeinmusicCallLouise555-6131.
TENTHSTREETBLOCKPARTY.July15.Noonto8.Food,games,prizes,liveband.TenthStreetbetweenMainandNorth.
APARTMENTFORRENT.3sunnyroomsonhighfloor,greatview.Separatekitchen.Wall-to-wallcarpeting.Thelivingroomcanbeusedasdiningroom.Email:[emailprotected]
TAXIDRIVERWANTED.Fullorparttime.Experiencenecessary.Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.Call555—8860between9amand5pmweekdays.
Astereosystemforsale.Ithastwospeakers.ThesystemhasAM/FMradio.Italsohasatapedeckandturntable.Itisingoodcondition.Thestereowasownedforonlyoneyear.Thepriceis$200includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.CallBillafter6pmat555-9834.
2．数字细节题：这类考查的是学生对文中提供的数据与文中其他信息的关系的理解及加工的能力。
Howmanyofthesevenadsareplacedbypeoplewhowanttohiresomeoneforacertainjob?
FourB.ThreeC.TwoD.Five
答案：B.解析：根据第一、二、六段开头的信息，可知有三个广告招聘人。
3．正误细节试题：试题结构如下：
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
2.WhichofthefollowingcouldNotexpected.
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraph?
Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thosewhohavesomeexperienceinofficeworkwillhaveabetterchancetogetthejobofsecretary.
B.Theownerofthestereowillneversellhisstereoatapricelessthan$200.
C.Thetaxidriverisnotnotnecessarilyfamiliarwiththecity.
D.Thetenthstreetblockpartywilllastuntilafter8
答案：A.解析：根据广告1中的Experiencepreferred。广告6中Experiencenecessary，可知答案A是真实的。根据广告7中Thepriceis$200includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.。可知道B不真实。根据广告6中，Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.可知C不真实。根据广告4中，是十点到八点，故此。D不真实。
4．主旨大意题：此题考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。出试题的模式多为：
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?
2.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.
3.Thewriter`spurposeisthat_____.
4.Themainideaofthearticleis____.
5.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.
6.Thekeypointofthepassageis___.
7.Thearticlemainlytellsusabout____.
8.Inthepassagethewriterarguesthat____.
说明文一般有主题句，所以寻找主题句显得尤其重要，一般主题句在句首，有时候在句末。有时候，有的说明文、议论文的主题句要通过每段的主题句归纳得出。
Ifyouarelikemoststudents,youprobablyreadbothathomeandoutsideyourhome:perhapssomewhereonyourschoolyardandmaybeevenatworkduringyourbreaks.Yourreadingenvironmentcanhaveagreateffectonyourunderstanding,soyougivesomethoughttohowyoucancreateorchoosetherightreadingenvironments.Theenvironmentallowstostayalterandtokeepallofyourattentiononthetext,especiallywhenitisbothinterestinganddifficult.
Whenyouareathome,youcanusuallycreateeffectiveconditionsforreading.Youmightwanttochooseaparticularplace–adeskortable,forexample–whereyoualwaysread.Makesuretheplaceyouchooseiswelllighted,andsitinachairthatrequiresyoutositstraight.Readinginachairthat`stoosoftandcomfortableislikelyyoumakeyousleepy!Keepyouractivereadingtools(pens,markers,notebooksorpaper)andadictionarycloseathand.
Beforeyousitdownforareadingperiod,trytoreduceallpossibleinterruptions.Turnoffyourphone,thetelevision,andtheradio.tellyourfamilymembersorroommatesthatyouwillbebusyforawhile.Ifnecessary,puta“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor!Themoreinterruptionsyoumustdealwithwhileyouread,theharderitwillbetokeepyourattentiononthetaskathand.
Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
WhattoReadB.TheWaystoReducePossibleInterruptions
CCreatinganEffectiveReadingEnvironment
D.HowtoReadFast
答案：C解析：本文是说明文，主题句是第一段第二句。意思是怎样创设良好的阅读环境。
5．推断试题：这类题主要考查学生对文章句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系的理解，如何推测文章表面信息的深层含义、判断作者的意图、态度、观点、语气.这类试题的结构如下：
*Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor__________.
*Whatisimpliedbutnotstated?
*Theparagraphisprobablytakenfrom____
*Itcanbeinferredinthestorythat______.
*Thewriterimpliedthat___________.
*What`sthewriter`sattitudetowards______?
*Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?
*Whatisthewriter`spurpose?
*Fromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthat_____.
Ourvillagecarpenter,JohnHill,cameonedayandmadeadiningtableformywife.Hemadeitjusttherightsizetofillthespacebetweenthetwowindows.WhenIgothomethatevening,Johnwasdrinkingacupofteaandwritingouthisbillforthejob.
Mywifesaidtomequietly,“Itisninthcupofteatoday.”Butshesaidinaloudvoice,
“Itisabeautifultable,dear,isn`tit?”
“I`lldecidedaboutthatwhenIseethebill”Iread:
Onediningtable,10November,1989.
Costofwood:$17.00
Paint:$1.50
Work:8hours($1anhour)$8.00
Total:$36.50
WhenIwaslookingatthebill,Johnsaid,“Itisbeenafineday,hasn`tit?Quitesunny.”
“Yes”Isaid“I`mgladitisonlythe10thofNovember.”
“Me,too”saidJohn,“Youwait.It`llbealotcolderbytheendofthemonth”
“yes,colder…andmoreexpensive!Diningtableswillbebe$20moreexpensiveonNovember30th,won`tthey,John?”
Johnlookedhardatmeforhalfaminute.Wastherealittlesmileinhistwoblueeyes?Igavehisbillbacktohim.
“Ifitisn`ttoomuchtrouble,John,”Isaid,“pleaseadditupagainandyoucanforgetthedate.”
Ipaidhim$26.50andhewashappytogetit.
1．WhydidJohntalkabouttheweatherwhenthewriterwaslookingatthebill?
Becausehedidn`twantthewritertogothroughthebillcarefully.
Becauseitwasreallyafineday
Becausehewantedthewritertocheckthebillcarefully
Becausehewantedtotellthewriterwhattheweatherwaslike.
答案：A解析：本题是推断试题，根据上下文语境，John故意分散作者注意力，使作者不能仔细查帐目。
2．Fromthestoryweknowthat____.
A.Johnmadeamistakeinthebill
B.Johntriedtofoolthewriterinordertogetmoremoneyforhiswork.
C.Johnhadwrittenoutthebillbeforethewritergothome.
D.Johnstillwantedtoget$36.50forhisworkintheend.
答案：B解析：本题是推断判断题,根据上下文，作者查帐，John故意说话，是要愚弄作者。
6．猜测词义：根据上下文或句子意思猜测单词或短语的意思。试题结构如下：
*Theword“…”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans___.
*Theunderlinedphrase“…”inthearticleprobablymeans____.
*Theword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto____.
*Inline6,theword“…”couldbestbereplacedby____.
*“…”isasynonymfor____.

LONDONThursdayJuly26(Reuters)---EddymissedhisgirlfriendAnnasomuchheflewbacktoBritainfromAustraliatoproposetoher.Theproblemisshedidthesameintheoppositedirection.
HeandAnnaevenmanagedtomisseachotherwhentheysatinthesameairportwaitingroominSingaporeatthesametimetowaitforconnectingflights.
….
Theunderlinedword“miss”inparagraph2mostprobablymeans_____.
A.failtomeetB.failtounderstandC.escapefromDlongtosee
答案：A解析：根据第二段可知，他们在同一个候机室，可没看见彼此。

A
Grown-upsknowthatpeopleandobjectsaresolid.Atthemovies,weknowthatifwereachouttotouchTomCruise,allwewillfeelisair.Butdoesababyhavethisunderstanding?
Toseewhetherbabiesknowobjectsaresolid.T.Bowerdesignedamethodforprojectinganopticalillusion(视觉影像)ofahangingball.Hisplanwastofirstgivebabiesarealball,onetheycouldbeexpectedtoshowsurprisedintheirfacesandmovements,Allthe16to24-week-oldbabiestestedweresurprisedwhentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnotthere.
Grown-upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence.Weknowthatifweputaboxinaroomandlockthedoor,theboxwillstillbetherewhenwecomeback.Butdoesababyrealizethataballthatrollsunderachairdoesnotdisappearandgotonever-neverland?
ExperimentsdonebyBowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopasenseofobjectpermanencewhentheyareabout18weeksold.Inhisexperiments,Bowerusedatoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.When16-week-oldand22-week-oldbabieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideofthescreen,theylookedtotheright,expectingittore-appear.Iftheexperimenttookthetrainoffthetableandliftedthescreen,allthebabiesseemedsurprisednottoseethetrain.Thisseemstoshowthatallthebabieshadasenseofobjectpermanence.Butthesecondpartoftheexperimentshowedthatthiswasnotreallythecase.There-searchersubstituted(替换)aballforthetrainwhenitwentbehindthescreen.The22-week-oldbabiesseemedsurprisedandlookedbacktotheleftsideforthetrain.Butthe16-week-oldbabiesdidnotseemtonoticetheswitch(更换).Thus,the16-week-oldbabiesseemedtohaveasenseof“somethingpermanence,”whilethe22-week-oldbabieshadasenseofobjectpermanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.
1.Thepassageismainlyabout.
A.babies’senseofsight
B.effectsofexperimentsonbabies
C.babies’understandingofobjects
D.differenttestsonbabies’feelings
2.InParagraph3,“objectpermanence”meansthatwhenoutofsight,andobject.
A.stillexistsB.keepsitsshapeC.stillstayssolidD.isbeyondreach
3.WhatdidBoweruseinhisexperiments?
A.AchairB.AscreenC.AfilmD.Abox
4.39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Thebabiesdidn’thaveasenseofdirection.
B.Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.
C.Theyoungerbabieslikedlookingformissingobjects
D.Thebabiescouldn’ttellaballfromitsopticalillusion.
B
TheThreeGorges(三峡)Dam,thelargestdamintheworld,isalsothelargestengineeringprojectonthefaceoftheearth.Itaimstomakethemotherofallfloods,theChangjiangRiver,intoatameriveranditwillbethelargestpowersourceformuchofeasternandcentralChina.Itwillcreateahuge,deep-waterlake,andmakeitpossiblefor10,000tonoceangoingshipstosail15,000milesinlandfromthePacifictothecityofChongqingwithits30millionpeople,makingittheword’slargestriverport.
Constructionhasalreadystarted.Thedamwillbea-bout6,860feetlongand611feethigh,ataspotcalledSandoupingnearYichang.
Aftermanyyearsofinvestigation(调研)expertshavedrawnaconclusionthatthisgrandprojectwilldoagreatdealofgood.Themostimportantthingisfloodcontrol.Bybuildingadaminsteadofnewcoalplantstomeetitsgrowingdemandforelectricity,Chinawillgiveoffmuchlesspoisonousgasesintotheair.
However,somescientistsdon’tagreetotheproject.TheysaythatChongqinganddozensofothercitiesalongtheriverwillputmuchwasteintothereservoir(水库),whichcandoharmtopeople,fishandotherlivingthingsthatdependontheriver.Sedimentation(沉积)anddamageofabreach(决口)areproblems,too.
TheThreeGorgesDamcouldbeconsidered,whenitisfinishedin,aneweighthwonderoftheworldastothesizealone.
5.Whichisnotthepurposetobuildsuchahugedam?
A.Tomakeelectricity.B.Topreventfloods.
C.Toimprovenavigation(运输)D.Tomakeitawonder.
6.Wheredoesthedamlie?
A.NearChongqing.B.NearYichang.
C.IntheThreeGorgesD.InWuhan.
7.Itwilltakeabouttocompletethedam.
A.eightyearsB.morethantenyears
C.halfacenturyD.morethantwentyyears.
8.Somescientistsfearthat.
A.whenthedamisbuilt,thebalanceofnaturemaybedestroyed
B.sedimentationmayoccur
C.abreachmaycausemillionsofpeopletodieortobehomeless
D.electricitywillnotbeasmuchasexpected
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTright?
A.Whenfinished,thedamwillbeoneofthemainbasesofpowersourceofChina.
B.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutthesettingupofthedam
C.Itwilltakemanyyearstobuildthedambecausepeoplewanttoseewhetheritwillbesafeandstrongenough.
D.Chongqingwillbecomethelargestriverportintheworldwhenthedamisfinished.
C
Foreignersarelikelytoacquire(获得)moreinvestmentopportunitiesinchinasincethecentralgovernmenthaspassedafreshregulationtoTuesdaytoattractforeigncapital(资本)
Theregulation,whichwilltakeeffectonApril1,out-lineshowchinawillexpandco-ownedenterprisesre-form(企业改革)
Accordingtotheregulation,overseasinvestorsareexpectedtobecomeshareholdersinthekeystate-ownedenterprises.Overseasinvestorswillevenallowedtoholdthecontrollingstake(控股)inthelargestate-ownedenterprises,exceptforthoseofkeyimportancetonationaloreconomicsecurity.
“China’sWTOmembershiphasreducedtherisksandcostsforforeigninvestors,andmorecapitalandadvancedtechniquesandexpertknowledgeorskillareexpectedtoflownin,”anofficialsaid.
Inparticular,thenewregulationappeals(makesanear-nestrequest)forcapitalforagriculturaltechnology,transportation,energyandnewmaterialindustry,Theserviceindustry,includingbanking,willgraduallybecomeanotherfocalpointofco-operation.
Thecountryhopesforeigninvestorsstartbusinessesinthewesternregions,wheretheywillenjoymorefavourabletaxationpoliciesforthenest10years.
10.Agreatdealofforeigncapitalhascometochinabecause.
Atheforeigninvestorshavetoomuchmoney
Btherearetoomanyenterprisesinchina
CChinaisalargecountry
DChina’sreformwillbringgreatbenefittotheforeigninvestors
11.Ifforeigninvestorsstarttheirbusinessinthewest-ernregions,theywill.
ApaymoretaxesBlosemorebenefitCoffermoretaxesDgainmoreadvantages
12.whichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?
A.Foreigncapitalisappealedfortodevelopthenewmaterialindustry.
B.ForeigncapitalisappealedtotakepartinChina’
C.ForeignersareencouragedtotakepartinChina’senterprisesreform.
D.Foreigninvestorscanholdthecontrollingstakeofallthelargestate-ownedenterprises.
13.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatchina’sserviceindustrywillinfuture.’
AfallbehindothersB.developatthesamespeedasnowC.bedevelopedrapidlyD.continueco-operationwithforeigners
D.
MrsKellerhadabigfamily.Herhusbandhadafactoryinthetown.Oneofhersonswasalawyersandtheothertwoweredrivers.Andhertwodaughtersworkedinthepostoffice.Theoldwomanstayedathomeandcoulddoallhouseworkandwouldn`temployanybody.
Oneevening,thetelephonerangwhiletheoldwomanwaspreparingsupper.Shewenttoanswerit.Shewastoldthatoneofhersonsdiedinatrafficaccident.Sheheardthisandfellinafaint.Whenshecamebacktolife,shewasinhospital.Andsheneededtobehelpedafterthat.
Severalmonthslatershewastoldonthetelephoneherdaughterdiedwhileshewasbeingoperatedon.Theoldwomanwassosadthatshehadtobeinhospitalagain.Fromthenonshewasafraidtoansweranytelephonesandsometimesshewasafraidhearthebell.Ofcourseitbroughtthemsometroubleandsomeimportantbusinesswasheldup.Soherhusbandadvisedhertoseeapsychiatrist.Themanexaminedhercarefullyandthenaskedhersomequestions.
“Youwillsoonbeallrightifyoufollowmyadvice,MrsKeller”saidthepsychiatrist.
Theoldwomantookthemedicinethedoctorgaveontimeandtriedtoforgetherdeadsonanddaughter.Andtwomonthslatershewenttoseethepsychiatristagain.
“Youhavesavedme,Doctor,”theoldwomansaid,assoonasshesawhim.
“Areyouafraidtoanswerthetelephonenow?”
“No,”answeredKeller.
“Idareansweritwhetheritringsornot”
14.MrsKellercoulddoallhouseworkbecause______.
A.shehadnomoneytoemployahelper.
B.shewasstrongenoughtodoallathome
C.shedidn`tbelieveanybody
D.onlyshewasfreeathome
15.Theoldwomanfellinafaintbecause_____
A.shewenttoanswerthetelephone.
B.shewasveryillthatevening
C.shewalkedintheroomcarelessly
D.sheheardthenewsaboutherson`sdeath.
16.Aftershecameoutofhospital,MrsKellerwasn`t___asbefore.
A.strongB.ableC.cleverD.sad
17.___madetheoldwomannotanswerthetelephone.
A.Thedoctor`sadviceB.Herhusband`ssuggestion
C.HerpoorhealthD.Thetwopiecesofbadnews
E
London---“Everyonehasone!”Lucydeclaredtoherparents,tryingtogetacell-phoneasagiftforher14thbirthday.Herparentsgavein.
Curioustoknowhowherdaughterwouldusethephone,JaneBidder,themother,followedLucytotheschoolbusinthemorning.Thebuseats20,ofwhomhalfhaveacell-phone.Oneringsandseveraladolescentownersfeelintheirbags.
Manyparentshavejustrealizethatthecell-phoneisnolongeronlyfortravelingbusinessmen—itisaslikelytobefoundinschoolbags.
Thecell-phoneseemstohavebecomesomethingessentialfortoday`steensinBritain,accordingtoasurveypublishedlastweek,byNOP,aleadingmarketresearchcompanyinBritain.Researchfoundthat66percentof16-year-oldsnowhaveaccesstoacell-phone.
Thecell-phonehasbeenturnedintoasecretmessagingservicebyteen-users.Whentheyaretalkingonthecell-phone,theirparentsarenotabletoeavesdroponthesecondline.
Theinterviewswith2,019youngpeopleaged7to16foundthattheyfavorthetextmassagingservicesbecausetheyofferasecretwayofkeepingintouch.Thedaysofsecretnotesintheclassroomaredyingout.
Forexample,“cya”means“seeyou”;“lol”means“laughoutloud”;and“2nite”isanabbreviationof“tonight”.AllthesearebasedonshorthandphrasesusedontheInternet.
Manyschoolshavebannedstudentsusingcell-phones.Buttheyarenotverysuccessful.Stillphonesringintheclassanddisturbstudy.
Besides,peopleareworriedaboutthehealthrisktokidsusingcell-phoneradiation.
18.ThestoryofLucytoshowus____.
A.Britishparentsmeettheirchildren`sneedswhatevertheyare.
B.Britishkidshavegoodrelationshipswiththeirparents.
C.howBritishparentsacceptthetruthofteenagersowningacell-phone.
D.whyeverychildgetsacell-phoneasabirthdaypresentinUK.
19.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthisnewsstory?
A.Schoolbanscell-phones
B.Parents`curiosityaboutchildrenusingcellphones.
C.Cell-phonepopularityamongUKteens
D.SecretmessagespopularamongkidsinUK.
20.Interviewdiscoverchildrenlikesendingmessagesinsteadof_____.
A.callingeachother
B.writingnotestoeachother
C.playinggamesonline
D.greetingeachother

A
本文是一篇科普短文，大意是通过实验研究儿童是否知道物体是固体，具有物体持久性的感觉，研究表明，16周到24周的婴儿都知道物体是有形的固体，然而第一项研究表明只有18周以上的婴儿才对某个特定的物体的认识具有持久性。
1.解析本题考查主旨大意的把握能力。本文通过科学家的研究和对研究结果的解释，旨在说明婴儿对物体的理解。答案：C
2.解析本题考查词义理解能力。通过对第二项研究情况的阅读和第三段的解释得知“objectpermanence”意思是“物体依然存在”。答案：A
3.解析本题考查细节理解能力。第二段和第四段中所述的Bower的两个实验中都用到了screen.答案：B
4.解析本题考查证误判断能力。第二段中所述实验情况表明：婴儿伸手去摸屏幕上的影像，说明他们事先不能区分一个真正的球和影像的区别。答案：D
B
5.解析三峡大坝建成后可能成为第八大奇迹，但这并不是修大坝的目的，而A、B、C项的内容从文中可看出都是建大坝的目的。答案D
6.解析从文中的直接信息可知三峡大坝位于宜昌附近的三斗坪。
7.解析文中有明确信息，三峡大责的修建工程已经开始，并将于年工程全面竣工，因此整个大坝的修建工程将历时16年。即使不知道大坝开工的具体时间，也应该知道是九十年代，至少不是8年，而C、D明显不符。答案B
8.并非所有的科学家都赞同修大坝，他们担心沿长江城市会往水库排废物，而伤害到人、鱼及其他生物造成生态平衡破坏。B、C内容在文中都有出现，但都不全。答案A
9.C项的内容显然与文章和客观情况不符大坝不可能边修边看值不值得修。
C
10.推理题。首先中国政府给外资提供了越来越多的投资机会，同时如文章所说“China’sWTOmembershiphasreducedtherisksandcostsforforeigninvestors”中国入世后给外国投资者降低了风险、降低了费用。这就是给他们的利益。答案D。
11.推理题。由于中国正在对西部进行开发，如果外国投资者去西部地区投资，机会肯定会更多，其他几个选项与文章和题意都不符。答案D
12.细节题。文章第三段说“Overseasinvestorswillevenbeallowedtoholdthecontrollingstakeinthelargestate-ownedenterprises,exceptforthoseofkeyimportancetonationaloreconomicsecurity.而D与该句话不一致。”答案D
13.推理题。根据倒数第二段中“Theserviceindustry,includingbanking,telecommunication,insurance,andtourism,willgraduallybecomeanotherfocalpointofco-operation.”一句话，可以看出服务业将成为另一个合作的焦点，故服务业将在未来发展迅速。答案C
D
14.推理题。第一段最后一句，MrsKeller在家里做所有的家务，并且不雇佣人，住院后，做什么事情就需要人帮助，由此推断她很强壮。她丈夫有一家工厂，故不是没钱雇佣人，而是她自己能做家务。答案：B
15.细节题。第二段中，MrsKeller接到电话，知道她儿子死了，她就晕倒了。答案：D.
16.细节题。第二段中，根据此句：Sheheardthisandfellinafaint.Whenshecamebacktolife,shewasinhospital.Andsheneededtobehelpedafterthat。这句告诉我们她健康状况不如以前。故此选：A.
17.细节题。MrsKeller连续两次在接电话时受到打击，都是关于子女死亡的电话，所以不敢再接电话。故选：D
E
18.推理题。第三自然段，许多父母都意识到孩子们也可以拥有手机。故此答案选:C
19.主旨大意。通过父母的见闻，说明手机在英国学生中很普遍。故此答案选：C
20．细节题。倒数第五段，Theinterviewswith2,019youngpeopleaged7to16foundthattheyfavorthetextmassagingservicesbecausetheyofferasecretwayofkeepingintouch.Thedaysofsecretnotesintheclassroomaredyingout.可以知道，学生喜欢发短信，故此答案为:B

高考英语阅读理解复习指导

英语：怎样做好阅读理解复习指导

得阅读者得天下！阅读理解历来都是英语测试的重中之重，阅读战略一直都是各类英语考试备考之主打策略，阅读恐惧也是每位考生最大的应试恐惧。在长期的教学中，我们总结了“重、定、划、看、防、读”阅读理解六字真诀，不少学生从中受益；很大一部分同学按此思路去运作解题，正确率大大提高，阅读理解零失误的同学也大有人在。
现一一阐释，条分缕析，以飨读者。
一、重
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在，如果将考生比作勘探人员，那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正式通过对文章的深入剖析，才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中，让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。
但是，快速读懂一篇文章却非易事，需要进行大量的阅读习练。高超的阅读真功夫有赖良好的阅读习惯的培养。既要读得快，又要读得懂，良好的阅读习惯是保障。
1、阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯，首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯，对号入座，看你有否。
心译：读一句心译一句，句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解；
指读：阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子，边移边读；
逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重视，句句关心，生怕漏掉一个单词，眉毛胡子一把抓；
见生即查：阅读时欲将生词各个击破，完全扫清阅读障碍，认为只要没有生词，便可洞悉文章；
出声：阅读时发出声音，全篇诵读，字字句句，丝毫不拉；
唇读：阅读时虽没有发出声音，但唇随句变，词带舌移，只是声带未颤，声音未出；
默读：没有出声，也没有唇动舌移，但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性，要么会破坏对文本的整体理解，而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。拿高考来说，共有五篇文章，合理的时间分配是35分钟，再分配到每一篇就只有7分钟了（当然考生可以根据文章难易稍做调整）；可就我的教学经验，罕有学生在35分钟内高质量完成五篇文章；有的同学用了50分钟，有的多达一个小时，还不算上复查的时间。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难，只是时间不够”，这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2、以意群为单位，成组视读
分清意群，停顿娴熟，不仅是朗诵的关键，更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位，而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视，不是一个词一个词的去默看，而是向探照灯一样根据意群，一组组的进行扫视，这时额头成了一个通道，被收纳的是信息，而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力，非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3、首尾在心，紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图，任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的写作意图，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的关键，也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平，出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。一般来说，文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此同学们应格外注意它们。
以2005年福建高考C篇第66题为例：
What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?
A.It’simportanttodrilldeepdownintolakesedimentstocollectinformation.
B.It’simpossibletoprovehowclimatechangesintheAmazonrainforest.
C.It’shardtocollectinformatinforstudiesofthepastclimateintheAmazonrainforest.
D.It’snecessarytohavespecializedequipmentandmachinerytostudythepastclimate.
该段首句是“Unfortunately,gettingintotheAmazonrainforestandcollectinginformationareverydifficult.”它正是该段的主题句，C选项正是对其它的同意转述，当然是正确答案。
再如08年四川高考D篇第50题：
Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.Toprovidetravelinformation.B.Toreportsomerecentnews.
C.Toteachtouristshikingskills.D.Tointroducethewildlife.
本文第一段是：“FivemillionpeoplevisitGrandCanyonintheUSeveryyear.ForthepurposeofhelpingprojectGrandCanyonforyourfellowvisitorsandfuturegenerations,pleasefollowtheguidelinesbelow.”本文是开篇点题的典型之作。借用短语“Forthepurposeof…”，作者清晰明了的表述了自己的写作目的：为了方便游客及后来人尽揽大峡谷风貌，请遵守如下旅游须知。由此可见，为游客提供游览信息是本文的主旨，故答案为A.
4、学会跳读，心中有图
阅读理解要做到心中既有森林，又有树木，既要统揽全文，又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文，了解大意，又可用来搜寻细节，锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体，又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译，而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络，使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
以09年中考安徽卷B篇为例，我们可以将重点表达先进行连线：ahappynewmother------ababywithoutears------wascalledfreak------someonedonatedhis/herears------anewpersonappeared------marriedandlivedahappylife------hismother’sbodywithoutears;再对文本进行情景联想，一出由伟大的母亲、无耳的畸形男孩和老成持重的爸爸三人联合演绎的动情故事便会顿时跃入脑海，一幕幕催人泪下的感人场景便会浮现在眼前。
5、善于猜测词义
各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇，这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示，考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思；有些其后则会紧跟其同位语，直接对其进行解释说明；有的词汇（多数为名词）只需判定它是某类事物即可，比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等，而无须弄明白其具体意思；有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意，因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍，一定不能因之而恐慌，从而影响发挥。对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词，文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示，只要细心，只要思路开阔，就一定能发现线索，确定其含义。
比如09年中考东城区一模阅读C篇第55题：
Whatdoestheword“domestic”meaninparagraphtwo?
A.producingenergy.
B.Fastdriving.
C.Ontheroad.
D.Forfamilyuse.
只要注意到划线单词domestic之后小横线“－”后的“itisusedonlyinthhome”,就很容易做出判断，选择A项。
当然，Romewasn’tbuiltinaday，养成良好的阅读习惯不是一朝一夕的事，它需要耐心、恒心和自制力，只要拥有这“二心一力”，勇于坚持，敢于挑战，方法得当，一个良好的阅读习惯一定会为你所有。
二、定
“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。
出题者一般都是根据文本的某一段，或某一段的某一句，或某一句的某一词，或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查，锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域，为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样，要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”，就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心，进而准确定位，圈定范围，定能一抓一个准。
以09年高考湖北卷为例，第59题是询问手表销售在年轻人群中销量下滑的原因。文章的第一段就是在阐述这个问题，是本题的大区间；确切到句，第五句“Allthesedevicestellthetime—whichiswhy,ifyoulookaround,you’llseelotsofemptywrists;”(所有这些东西都可告诉我们时间——这正是如果你想周围看看的话，那么多人手腕空空的缘由。)是本题的题源所在，也是本题的答案选项A(haveotherdevicestotellthetime)的根据所在；再如本篇第61题，题干问通过文章我们对瑞士表业有何了解，文章的第四段说的都是瑞士高档手表的再发明、巨额广告等相关事宜；本段最后一句指出Rolexes,PatekPhilippe和Breitling三个牌子的手表具体销售对象之三种人（周末休闲登山者，富人和贵族家庭出身的人，驾驶飞机环球旅游家），这三种人必定都是有钱人，所以选择A(Ittargetsrichpeopleasitspotentialcustomers.)自然在情理之中了。
总的来说，每个问题都对应于文本中的某个区间，或显或隐，或大或小，或段或句或词，考生要擦亮眼睛，善于定位，为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。
三、划
“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分，并在文章中划出解题依据。
能够在文本中划出解题根据是正确解题的关键，更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话，叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”，在这儿我要告诉各位同学，在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分，根据凿实，这是“不仅知其然，而且知其所以然”的超高境界，是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲，“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。
四、看
“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述（同意转述）。
英语语言相当丰富，同一意思会有多种不同表达，以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例，英语中就有不下就中表达：
1.decidetodosth.
2.makeadecisiontodosth.
3.determinetodosth.
4.bedeterminedtodosth.
5.makeadeterminationtodosth
6.resolvetodosth.
7.makearesolutiontodosth.
8.makeupone’smindtodosth.
9.setone’smindtodosth.
出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显，可以一目了然；但也不乏隐含很深的转述，比如07年高考上海卷D篇第78题，答案“thecardboardtentsproducedbyMr.Dunlopcanbeuser-tailored.(C)”就是对文中第七段第二句“They（指thecarboardhouses）canbepersonalizedand…”的转述,user-tailored(特制的)和文本中的personalized(特制的)是同义词，但由于词汇难度大而使这个转换隐藏颇深，不容易被识破。
下表中我整理了一些有关同意转换的范例，供同学们参考、领悟。
五、防
“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“nottrue”，辨明形近词。
英语阅读中的陷阱设置最常见的有两种，判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型，考生做题前一定要认真审题，看准是“true”还是“nottrue”，是“right”还是“wrong”，然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为，这么简单的事怎么会错？其实不然，在考场高度紧张的情况下，什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“nottrue”看反而懊恼不已，顿足捶胸？
对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”，三思而后选。只要细心，此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。如07年高考全国二卷A篇第45题很多同学选择了A,原因主要是他们把“lonely”看成了“lovely”，这正是出题人设置的陷阱所在，因为“lonely”与“lovely”只有一个字母之差，词形相近，很容易被看混。但只要稍加留意，避免此误也不是难事。
归根到底，“防”的主要对象是自己，防止慌张，防止粗心大意，防止那些“想当然”的想法，防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对，处处留心，任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。
六、读
“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项，区分鉴别，选择最佳。
阅读理解是从三个或四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，解题时考生要通读所有选项，比较鉴别，确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断，匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时，选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”，通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。
上述“重、定、划、看、防、读”阅读理解六字真诀希望能对广大同学有所帮助！

高考英语阅读理解

高考英语易错题解题方法大全：阅读理解

EdwardWilsonisAmerica’s,ifnottheworld’s,leadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLife,hetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources(资源).Howaretheyused?Whathasbeenlost?Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity(生物多样性)ofourearth.
Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment(环境)protectionHenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday’sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau’sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclean:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Cantheearth,withhumanhelp,bemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?
Biodiversity,Wilsonargues,isthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.Amerehundredspecies(物种)arethebasisofourfoodsupply,ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof,whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.
Attheendofthebook,Wilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearth,youmaywellreadandactontheideas.
72.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout.
A.theenvironmentforplants
B.thebiodiversityofourearth
C.thewasteofnaturalresources
D.theimportanceofhumanvalues
73.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?
A.Twenty.B.EightyC.Onehundred.D.Tenthousand.
74.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto.
A.learnhowtofarmscientifically
B.buildhomesforsomedyingspecies
C.makeitclearwhattoeat
D.usemorespeciesforfood
75.Wecaninferthatthetextis.
A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreport
C.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist
参考答案及解析
72.典型错误A.错因分析没有抓住文章的重点,以次代主,以点代面.
　本题属于判断推理题.这类题要求学生在理解文章中直接陈述的观点或描述的事实基础上，领悟作者的弦外之意，得出符合作者意愿的结论，即作者没有在文章中明说的。要得出正确的推理仅以阅读材料为前题还不够，还必须结合自己应有的常识。本题的关键提示信息在第三段中的第一句话.
本题的正确选项为B.
73.典型错误D.错因分析是学生审题不细.
　本题是细节理解题.学生们在做此类试题时,可以采用查读法,即带着问题寻找答案,同时要注意审题.
本题的正确选项为A.
74.典型错误A.错因分析信息错位,释意不清.
　本题是细节理解题.属于间接辨认题,要正确地理解文章中具体信息的含义,并用同义或是近义的形式复述出来.本题的选项依据为第三段的最后一句话.
本题的正确选项为D.
75.典型错误A.错因分析关键信息没有抓住,以点代面.
　本题是推理判断题.推理判断要根据文章中的信息来判断,不能依据自己的主观判断,也不能以点代面.本题推断依据为文章开始部分的TheFutureofLife一书的基本内容,然后重点谈及Biodiversity的重要性,最后根据文章最后一段,由此可以判断出本题选C项.
本题的正确选项为C.

WANGHaoandWangLiqin,twoofChinastoptabletennisplayers,bothsawtheWorldTableTennisChampionshipsasachancetoprovethemselves.Buttherewasonlyonechampion(冠军)andWangHao,25,wonitlastTuesdayinYokohama,Japan.
WangHao,whowonthemensdoublestitlewithChenQilastMonday,playedwithspirittobeatWangLiqin11-9,13-11,11-5,11-9.
WangHaosaiditwashismentaltoughness(心理稳定)thatmadethedifference."IwasdisappointedbymyperformancesinpastchampionshipsandthelasttwoOlympicGames.ButIhavetriedtopullmyselftogetherandpreparedwell.Thisistheresult."
WangHaosaidhehasalwaysunderstoodtheimportanceofphysicaltrainingandtechnicalskills.Nowheknowstheneedformentalpreparationaswell.HavingtwoOlympicsilvershadlefthimfeelingbitter(痛苦的).Thebitternessperhapsexplainswhyhehasnotalwaysplayedathisbestinthepast.
"Ivecometounderstandthatyoucanlearnimportantlessonsfromfailure,"hesaid."Losingcanbuildyourcharacterandmakeyouastrongerplayer."Hisnextgoal,ordream,istowinthegoldmedalattheLondonOlympicsin2012.
LiuGuoliang,headcoachofChinastabletennisteam,sangthepraisesofWangHaosvictory."Thisisjustthebeginningofhisrise,"saidLiu."Itstheconfidence-boosterheneedstomakefurtherprogress."
1.Accordingtothepassage,WangHaowon_____goldmedalsintheWorldTableTennisChampionshipsinYokohama,Japan.
A.onlyoneB.twoC.threeD.four
2.FromWangHao,wecanknowthemainreasonforhisbeatingWangLiqinis______.
A.histechnicalskillsB.hisphysicaltraining
C.hismentaltoughnessD.hispastexperience
3.WhatisthenextgoalofWangHao?
A.Towinthetitleofthechampionatthe2012Olympics
B.TobeatWangLiqinagain
C.Toprovehimselfinthefuturecompetitions
D.Towinmoregoldsinfuture
4.WhatcanwelearnfromWangHao?
A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.
B.Nevergiveupuntilyousucceed.
C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.
参考答案及解析：
1.典型错误A.错因分析没有全面地阅读文章，以点代面了。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知。此类题可以带着问题在文中采用查读法寻找答案。
本题的正确选项为B.
2．典型错误A或B或是D。错因分析是没有抓住细节理解题的重点，审题不细。因为题干中有一个mainly.
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的第一句话可知。对于细节理解题的选项的选择，一定要理解题干，并防止以次代主。
本题的正确选项为C。
3．典型错误D.错因分析审题不清，D项也许是WangHao的远期目标，但是题干是thenextgoal。
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Hisnextgoal,ordream,istowinthegoldmedalattheLondonOlympicsin2012.”可知。注意审题。
本题的正确选项为A。
4．典型错误B或C.错因分析在于学生对文章的理解不透彻。
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知。推理判断题要认真研读文章，根据文章中的内容来进行推理判断。
本题的正确选项为A。

DearHamilton,
Wearefortunatethatinsuchalarge,high-pressureofficeweallgetalongsowell.Youareoneofthepeoplewhokeepthesocialtemperatureatsuchacomfortablesetting.Idon’tknowanyoneintheofficewhoisbetterlikedthanyou.
Youcanperhapshelpwiththis.Thecollectionofcontributionstowardsgiftsforemployees’personal-lifeeventsisbecomingalittletroubling.Certainly,thegroupsendingofagiftisreasonablenowandthen.Inthepastmonth,however,therehavebeencollectionsfortwobabyshowergifts,oneweddingshowergift,twoweddinggifts,onefuneral（葬礼）remembrance,fourbirthdaygifts,andthreegraduationgifts.
It’snotonlythecollected-fromwhoaregrowinguncomfortable(andpoor),butthecollected-forfeeluneasyreceivinggiftsfrompeoplewhodon’tknowthemoutsidetheoffice,whowouldn’tevenrecognizetheirgraduatingchildren,theirmarryingdaughtersandsons,ortheirdeadrelatives.
Thisisbasicallyakindgesture(andonethatpeoplethinkwellofyoufor),butthepracticeseemstohavebecometoowide-rangingandfeelsimproperintoday’sofficesetting.
Thankyouforunderstanding.
63.Theunderlinedword“contributions”probablymeans________.
A.moneyB.suggestionsC.reportsD.understanding
64.Hamiltonisexpectedto_______.
A.showmorekindness.
B.discontinuethepresentpractice
C.quitbeingtheorganizerforgiftgiving
D.knowmoreaboutco-workers’families
65.Thisisbasicallyaletterof________.
A.apologyB.sympathyC.appreciationD.dissatisfaction
参考答案
63.典型错误D.错因分析释不达意，胡乱猜测.
　本题考查词义猜测.对于词义的猜测可以有许多的方法,常见的方法是根据上下文所举例子来猜测.本题就是根据文中的Inthepastmonth,however,therehavebeencollectionsfortwobabyshowergifts,oneweddingshowergift,twoweddinggifts,onefuneral（葬礼）remembrance,fourbirthdaygifts,andthreegraduationgifts.可猜测出contributions的意思为”礼金,份子”.
本题的正确选项为A.
64.典型错误A.错因分析无视主题，以点带面.
本题考查细节推测题.对于细节推测的理解要以文章的中心为依据并根据文章中的具体信息来推测,做到有根据的选答案,并且信息点一定要找准,防止张冠李戴.本题选择依据为倒数第二段中的”butthepracticeseemstohavebecometoowide-rangingandfeelsimproperintoday’sofficesetting.”
本题的正确选项为B.
65.典型错误C.错因分析无视主题，以点带面.
本题考查主旨大意.这类问题属于全局性问题。要做好这类问题必须找出文章中心思想句。把注意力放在阅读材料的开头和结尾，放在观点性、归纳性和概括性的句子上，放在被许多句子说明和证实的句子上。并注意由insummary,inaword,asaresult,finally,inshort,inconclusion和inbrief等“信号词”引导的句子。本题的答案依据为feelsimproperintoday’sofficesetting.,以及最后一句话,因此答案为D项.
本题的正确选项为D.

Haveyoueverusedsolarenergytoboilabottleofwaterortakeashower?Haveyoueverthoughtthatsolarenergyisfarawayfromourdailylives?Youmaydoubtaboutthat.InJapan,thereisawonderfulprogramofSolarCity.
SolarCityislocated80,000metersnorthwestofTokyo,amongthestrawberryfields.ThisisoneofJapan’ssunniestplaces.SolarCitycoversabout410,000squaremetres.Seventy-fivepercentofthehomestherearecoveredbysolarpanels.Thegovernmenthasprovidedpeopletherewiththesolarpanelsforfree.Inaddition,thegovernmenthaspaid9.7billionyentostudyhowtomakefulluseofsolarenergy.Anumberofsolarenergycompanieshavealsogivenmoneytohelpthisprogram.
PeoplelivinginSolarCitythinkusingsolarpanelsisagoodwaytosavemoney.However,savingmoneyisnottheonlyreasonwhypeoplearemovingintothiscity."Wemovedherebecauseofthepanels.Itwassomethingwewanted,”saidMikaHiroshima.ShemovedtoSolarCitywithherhusbandandtwolittlechildrenaboutfouryearsago.
ItiswellknownthatJapanisacountrythatisshortofenergy,buttheSolarCityprogramhasbroughthopeforthecountry."Peoplewantsolarenergy,”saidanofficialofSolarCity.ActuallyinSolarCity,thereare550familiesmakinguseofsolarenergyatthemoment.Allofthemsaythattheywanttokeepusingsolarenergyevenaftertheprogramendsin2010.Insunnydays,solarpanelsareabletoprovidemorethanenoughenergyforanormalfamily.However,thesolarpanelsarenotthatusefulincloudydays.Despitethis,SolarCityisstillawonderfulprogrambecauseitinspirespeopletowiselyusethelimitedenergy.
1.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto______.
A.testthereaders’knowledgeaboutsolarenergy
B.drawthereaders’attentiontothetopic
C.learnthesituationthatsolarenergyisused
D.invitethereaderstoanswerthem
2.Thethirdparagraphofthepassageismainlyabout______.
A.thereasonwhypeoplearemovingintoSolarCity
B.howthepeoplearelivinginSolarCity
C.thethingsthatpeoplelivinginSolarCityneed
D.thelifeexperiencefromthepeoplelivinginSolarCity
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.
A.Japanisacountrywhichislackinginenergy
B.thesolarpanelsareonlyusefulinsunnydays
C.theSolarCityprogramwillbesuccessful
D.SolarCityisaverymodernbigcity
参考答案及解析：
1．典型错误A.错因分析：信息错位，张冠李戴。题干是考查文章开头的写作目的，而非全篇的写作目的。
写作目的题。作者在文章开头提出问题让读者思考，或是简单介绍与主题有关的其他事物，目的往往是为了引出主题,故选B。
本题的正确选项为B。
2．典型错误B.错因分析是没有抓住文章段落的主题。
主旨大意题。从本段来看，第一句话说出，生活在太阳城使用太阳电池板省钱。第二句话说出了，生活在太阳城不仅是为了省钱，还为了太阳电池板。因此，可知答案为A。考查文章的段落大意，此时要注意段落的主题句，可位于段首，段尾或段落的中间，也有的要从段中自己提取的。
本题的正确选项为A。
3．典型错误A或B.错因分析是没有掌握试题的特点，推理判断题要从文中进行推断，而不是文中的原话。
推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段中的“Allofthemsaythattheywanttokeepusingsolarenergyevenaftertheprogramendsin2010.”可知。此项目的目的达到了。因此，C项正确。D项，可根据文中的“SolarCitycoversabout410,000squaremetres.”知，SolarCity并不是一个大城市。A、B两项是文中的事实，而非推理。推理判断题分为简单推理和复杂推理。所谓简单推理就是以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进行推理，做出判断。这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。而复杂推理就是不但要以文字为依据，而且还要以文章的语境、内涵为前提。这是一种间接而复杂的逻辑推理方式。考生要推断出文章没有表明但又合乎逻辑的推理，就必须由表及里地归纳或演绎。
本题的正确选项为C。

Peoplebelievesthatclimbingcandogoodtohealth.Wherecanyoulearntheskillofclimbingthen?Ifyouthinkthatyouhavetogotothemountainstolearnhowtoclimb,you’rewrong.ManyAmericansarelearningtoclimbincitygyms(体育馆).Here,peoplearelearningonclimbing.Theclimbingwallgoesstraightupandsmallholdingplacesforhandsandfeet.
Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimb,youneedspecialshoesand(保护带)aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropes(绳索)tiedtoyour.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.Abeginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethigh,andyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimes,it’snot.Themostdifficultisanyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffalling,soit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.Butwhenyoumoveawayfromthewall,theandtheropesholdyou,andyoubegintofeelsafe.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.
Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryone.Youuseyourwholebody,especiallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimb,bothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.
64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Peoplearefairlyinterestedinclimbingnowadays.
B.Itisimpossibletobuildupone’sbodybyclimbing.
C.Peoplecanonlylearntheskillofclimbingoutdoors.
D.Itisalwayseasytoseeholdingplacesinclimbing.
65.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis_______.
A.totieropestoyourB.tocontrolyourfear
C.tomoveawayfromthewallD.toclimbstraightup
66.Theword“workout”underlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.
A.settlementB.exerciseC.excitementD.tiredness
67.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?
A.Totellpeoplewheretofindgyms.B.Toprovethebasicneedforclimbing
C.Toencouragepeopletoclimbmountains.D.introducethesportofwallclimbing

参考答案及解析：
64.典型错误D.错因分析片面理解，没有从全文的角度去看问题。
　推理判断题.在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。本题属于从文章的主题进行的推论，因此从文章的第一段,第三段的首句可容易推知答案.
本题的正确选项为A.
65.典型错误D.错因分析是脱离文章，而主观判断试题的答案。
　细节理解题.从第二段倒数第三句”It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffalling,soit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.”可知答案.细节理解题可通过查读法进行理解，是高考阅读题中较简单的题型，但是答案的依据一定要忠实于原文。
本题的正确选项为B.
66.典型错误A.错因分析是脱离上下文，而采用了构词法来猜测生词的意思，因为workout意为“解决”，所以学生们会误以为workout的意思为A。
　词义猜测题.根据“Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryone.”与”Whenyouclimb,bothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.”可知workout与exercise同义,表示”锻炼”.词义猜测时可以根据构词法来进行，但是也要符合上下文的语境。
本题的正确选项为B.
67.典型错误B.错因分析没有掌握作意图判断题的方法，以偏代全。
　意图判断题.意图判断题分具体内容的写作意图和篇章内容的写作意图，因此在答题要分析题干，如果文章的写作意图，就要结合文章的主旨来判断。本题就是结合全文可知,作者的写作意图旨在介绍室内攀岩运动.
本题的正确选项为D.

Theonlysurvivorofashipwreckwaswasheduponasmall,uninhabitedisland.HeprayedfeverishlyforGodtorescuehim,andeverydayhescannedthehorizonforhelp,butnoneseemedforthcoming.
Exhausted,heeventuallymanagedtobuildalittlehutoutofdriftwoodtoprotecthimfromtheelements,andtostorehisfewpossessions.Butthenoneday,afterlookingforfood,hearrivedhometofindhislittlehutinflames,thesmokerollinguptothesky.
Theworsthadhappened;everythingwaslost.
Hewasstunnedwithgriefandanger."Godhowcouldyoudothistome!"hecried.
Earlythenextday,however,hewasawakenedbythesoundofashipthatwasapproachingtheisland.Ithadcometorescuehim."HowdidyouknowIwashere?"askedthewearymanofhisrescuers."Wesawyoursmokesignal,"theyreplied.
Itiseasytogetdiscouragedwhenthingsaregoingbad.
Butweshouldntloseheart,becauseGodisatworkinourlives,eveninthemidstofpainandsuffering.
Remember,nexttimeyourlittlehutisburningtothegrounditjustmaybeasmokesignalthatsummonsthegraceofGod.
Forallthenegativethingswehavetosaytoourselves,Godhasapositiveanswerforit.
1．Thepropertitleofthepassageis.
A．GodIsWhereverWeNeedHim
B．WeshouldhaveaPositiveAttitudetoLife
C．AStoryHappenedonAnUninhabitedIsland
D．ASurvivorWasHowtoBeSaved
2．Afterthesurvivorseeinghishutburningtotheground,he_________.
A．wasveryangryandfrightenedanddidn’tsleep
B．wasverysadanddisappointedanddidn’tsleep
C．wassoangryandsadthathesleptwithoutconsciousness
D．wassosurprisedthathesleptwithoutconsciousness
3．Fromthestorywecaninfer_______.
A．thatthesurvivorwasaluckydog
B．Godisakindandconsiderableoldman
C．Godiswillingtohelpanyonewhohelpsoneself
D．Youarewhatyoueat
4.Themeaningoftheunderlinedpart“asmokesignalthatsummonsthegraceofGod”maybe___.
A．asmokesignalthatshowsGod’sidea
B．apieceofinformationthatGodsendsouttoinformrescuers.
C．anorderthatGodgivestopunishthemanwhoisintrouble
D．asignalthatshowsGod’skindnesstohelpthemanintrouble
参考答案及解析：
1．典型错误A.错因分析：没有考虑到文章的主题。
选择适合的文章标题。从全文来看，C项比较全面，且能概括文章的内容。选择文章的标题属于主旨大意题。要在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图，在此基础上还要做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。
本题的正确选项为C。
2．典型错误D.错因分析对于文章的细节处理解不到位。
细节理解题。根据文章中的“Hewasstunnedwithgriefandanger."Godhowcouldyoudothistome!"hecried.”可知。在做细节理解题时，一定要回到原文中找出与答题内容相关的词语和句子，在理解原文的基础上选择答案，找到关键词后最好在下面划线，以便检查。
本题的正确选项为C.
3．典型错误C.错因分析：片面理解文章，以致于得出错误的结论。
推理判断题。从文章开头我们知道，这位主人公是一位失船事故的幸存者，并且文章的最后我们可以看出因意外的茅屋失火，他却意想不到的得救。因此，可知主人公是一位幸运儿。推理判断题要忠于原意，以文章提供的事实和线索想象，随意想象，更不能己自己的观点代替作者的观点。
本题的正确选项为A。
4．典型错误A.错因分析：释不达意，胡乱猜测
句意的解释。grace意为“恩泽”；summon意为“传唤”；本句话的意思为“传唤上帝恩泽的一个烟信号”。因此，可知D项更符合句意。句子的解释是最近几年来高考新出现的题型，要根据上下文来推测。
本题的正确选项为D.

高考二轮复习英语教案阅读理解

一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。您知道教案应该要怎么下笔吗？考虑到您的需要，小编特地编辑了“高考二轮复习英语教案阅读理解”，欢迎阅读，希望您能够喜欢并分享！

2010高考二轮复习英语教案

专题十九阅读理解

阅读理解题考查的不仅是考生对整篇文章的把握能力，还考查了他们快速扑捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力；考生不仅要理解文章表层意义，更重要的是要通过文章的表层去合理判断、挖掘文章的隐含意义、延伸意义。这是对考生能力、智力、心理的一个综合检验。具体要点如下：1.主旨大意类；2.细节理解类；3.推理判断类；4.词义猜测类；5.观点态度类等五大要点。

考纲对考生阅读能力的要求：1．要求考生能读懂一般性话题，且生词率不超过2％的简短文字材料，如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章。

2．要求考生能够做到以下几点：(1)理解主旨大意；(2)寻读具体信息；(3)识别不同文体特征；(4)根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义；(5)作出简单的判断和推理；(6)理解文段的基本逻辑结构；(7)理解作者的意图和态度；(8)理解文段的文化信息。

新课标对对高中英语阅读技能的要求：1.能识别不同文体特征；2.能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句；3.能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度；4.能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理；5.除教材外，课外阅读量累计达到30万词以上。

教师在引导学生突破阅读理解题时可以从高考命题方向和该题选材特点对学生进行训练，在训练中点拨技巧，在训练中提高考生的综合运用能力。具体说：1.阅读理解作为高考英语中最重要的一种题型，题量最大，所占分值也最多。此类题型是全面检测考生接受书面信息和反馈能力的重要标尺。高考阅读理解要求考生在35分钟左右的时间内，完成对4～5篇短文的阅读理解并作出解答。用来考查考生的以下几种能力：1）.考查考生综合运用语言的能力；2）.考查考生的英语思维能力和社会文化意识；3）.考查考生辨认、捕捉和归纳细节信息，并通过字面意思对文章中心思想、作者的写作目的、意图、态度以及文章的行文特点进行合理推断的能力；4）.考查考生的阅读速度与词汇量。近些年来，高考英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。在近几年的高考中，涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性的考题虽仍是考查重点，但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题也占很大比重。

2．高考阅读理解中的选材特点：1)所选材料均来源于实际生活，其内容与社会现实保持较高的一致性，强调了语篇选材的真实性，具有鲜明的时代感。行文表达常使用比较正式的书面语言；2）语篇题材分布比较均匀，题材丰富多样。阅读语篇包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等文体。内容涵盖日常生活、人物、社会、文化、史地、科技、政治、环保、经济等诸多领域的热点、焦点问题。3）高考阅读理解持续保持较大的阅读量，要求考生在特定语篇中有目的地获取信息。另外试题材料含有较高的词汇量，增加了试题的信息含量，体现了新课标的理念。一般4-5篇阅读题阅读词汇量控制在1000词左右；4）阅读材料的原汁原味越来越浓厚，体现了现代英语的特点，阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的行文风格更具英语语言的特点，文章的遣词造句也更加地道，许多考生通常要反复阅读才能读懂。

3.点拨阅读技巧，在练中领悟，领悟中训练，技巧能力并进。 .50
Work:8hours(

高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习。

2.
BicycleSafety
OperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus(校园).Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.
TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerack---evenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It’sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyourserialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.
Equipment
BrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjustedproperly.
HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.
LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight---visibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisa
goodidea.
RulesoftheRoad
RidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.
BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscanresultinafine.
IfThingsGoWrong
Ifyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:
Nobicycleregistration---------------------------------------------------$25
Bicycleparkingbanned--------------------------------------------------$30
Blockingpathwithbicycle---------------------------------------------$40
Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement-------------------------$35
40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.B.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus.
C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.D.Rulesforridingmotorvehiclesoncampus.
3.
Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewallawayfromyourcollege.
King’sArtCentre
AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibitionoftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.
Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto‘learnfromthemasters’orgetmorecreativewithpaint–freeofcharge.
TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.
theBotanicGarden
TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.
Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.
GettothedisplayhousetoseeDionaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.
TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled‘HissingSid’isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.
Byron’sPool
ManystoriessurroundLordByron’stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness”.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I’mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.
ItisalsosaidthatonoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon’ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf–overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.
65.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Someplacesforweekendbreak.
B.Awaytobecomecreativeinart.
C.Thecolourfullifeinthecountryside.
D.UnknownstoriesofCambridgeUniversity.

扩展阅读

高考英语精品复习：英语阅读理解

细节理解试题推断试题主旨大意试题词义猜测试题
07年全国卷9631
06年全国卷7922
05年全国卷7922

1．事实细节理解：细节试题答案与原文相关联，在文中能直接找到答案。命题多与特殊问句、是非题，数字题有关。
Secretary.Parttime.20hoursaweek.Busydoctor`soffice.Experiencepreferred.Goodtyping.Call555-2438
BABYSITTER3to6weekdayafternoons.Iwilltakeyouhome.$5anhour,call555-5593.
Guitarlessons.Yourhomeormine.Experiencedmusician.Master`sdegreeinmusicCallLouise555-6131.
TENTHSTREETBLOCKPARTY.July15.Noonto8.Food,games,prizes,liveband.TenthStreetbetweenMainandNorth.
APARTMENTFORRENT.3sunnyroomsonhighfloor,greatview.Separatekitchen.Wall-to-wallcarpeting.Thelivingroomcanbeusedasdiningroom.Email:[emailprotected]
TAXIDRIVERWANTED.Fullorparttime.Experiencenecessary.Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.Call555—8860between9amand5pmweekdays.
Astereosystemforsale.Ithastwospeakers.ThesystemhasAM/FMradio.Italsohasatapedeckandturntable.Itisingoodcondition.Thestereowasownedforonlyoneyear.Thepriceis$200includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.CallBillafter6pmat555-9834.
2．数字细节题：这类考查的是学生对文中提供的数据与文中其他信息的关系的理解及加工的能力。
Howmanyofthesevenadsareplacedbypeoplewhowanttohiresomeoneforacertainjob?
FourB.ThreeC.TwoD.Five
答案：B.解析：根据第一、二、六段开头的信息，可知有三个广告招聘人。
3．正误细节试题：试题结构如下：
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
2.WhichofthefollowingcouldNotexpected.
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraph?
Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thosewhohavesomeexperienceinofficeworkwillhaveabetterchancetogetthejobofsecretary.
B.Theownerofthestereowillneversellhisstereoatapricelessthan$200.
C.Thetaxidriverisnotnotnecessarilyfamiliarwiththecity.
D.Thetenthstreetblockpartywilllastuntilafter8
答案：A.解析：根据广告1中的Experiencepreferred。广告6中Experiencenecessary，可知答案A是真实的。根据广告7中Thepriceis$200includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.。可知道B不真实。根据广告6中，Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.可知C不真实。根据广告4中，是十点到八点，故此。D不真实。
4．主旨大意题：此题考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。出试题的模式多为：
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?
2.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.
3.Thewriter`spurposeisthat_____.
4.Themainideaofthearticleis____.
5.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.
6.Thekeypointofthepassageis___.
7.Thearticlemainlytellsusabout____.
8.Inthepassagethewriterarguesthat____.
说明文一般有主题句，所以寻找主题句显得尤其重要，一般主题句在句首，有时候在句末。有时候，有的说明文、议论文的主题句要通过每段的主题句归纳得出。
Ifyouarelikemoststudents,youprobablyreadbothathomeandoutsideyourhome:perhapssomewhereonyourschoolyardandmaybeevenatworkduringyourbreaks.Yourreadingenvironmentcanhaveagreateffectonyourunderstanding,soyougivesomethoughttohowyoucancreateorchoosetherightreadingenvironments.Theenvironmentallowstostayalterandtokeepallofyourattentiononthetext,especiallywhenitisbothinterestinganddifficult.
Whenyouareathome,youcanusuallycreateeffectiveconditionsforreading.Youmightwanttochooseaparticularplace–adeskortable,forexample–whereyoualwaysread.Makesuretheplaceyouchooseiswelllighted,andsitinachairthatrequiresyoutositstraight.Readinginachairthat`stoosoftandcomfortableislikelyyoumakeyousleepy!Keepyouractivereadingtools(pens,markers,notebooksorpaper)andadictionarycloseathand.
Beforeyousitdownforareadingperiod,trytoreduceallpossibleinterruptions.Turnoffyourphone,thetelevision,andtheradio.tellyourfamilymembersorroommatesthatyouwillbebusyforawhile.Ifnecessary,puta“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor!Themoreinterruptionsyoumustdealwithwhileyouread,theharderitwillbetokeepyourattentiononthetaskathand.
Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
WhattoReadB.TheWaystoReducePossibleInterruptions
CCreatinganEffectiveReadingEnvironment
D.HowtoReadFast
答案：C解析：本文是说明文，主题句是第一段第二句。意思是怎样创设良好的阅读环境。
5．推断试题：这类题主要考查学生对文章句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系的理解，如何推测文章表面信息的深层含义、判断作者的意图、态度、观点、语气.这类试题的结构如下：
*Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor__________.
*Whatisimpliedbutnotstated?
*Theparagraphisprobablytakenfrom____
*Itcanbeinferredinthestorythat______.
*Thewriterimpliedthat___________.
*What`sthewriter`sattitudetowards______?
*Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?
*Whatisthewriter`spurpose?
*Fromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthat_____.
Ourvillagecarpenter,JohnHill,cameonedayandmadeadiningtableformywife.Hemadeitjusttherightsizetofillthespacebetweenthetwowindows.WhenIgothomethatevening,Johnwasdrinkingacupofteaandwritingouthisbillforthejob.
Mywifesaidtomequietly,“Itisninthcupofteatoday.”Butshesaidinaloudvoice,
“Itisabeautifultable,dear,isn`tit?”
“I`lldecidedaboutthatwhenIseethebill”Iread:
Onediningtable,10November,1989.
Costofwood:$17.00
Paint:$1.50
Work:8hours($1anhour)$8.00
Total:$36.50
WhenIwaslookingatthebill,Johnsaid,“Itisbeenafineday,hasn`tit?Quitesunny.”
“Yes”Isaid“I`mgladitisonlythe10thofNovember.”
“Me,too”saidJohn,“Youwait.It`llbealotcolderbytheendofthemonth”
“yes,colder…andmoreexpensive!Diningtableswillbebe$20moreexpensiveonNovember30th,won`tthey,John?”
Johnlookedhardatmeforhalfaminute.Wastherealittlesmileinhistwoblueeyes?Igavehisbillbacktohim.
“Ifitisn`ttoomuchtrouble,John,”Isaid,“pleaseadditupagainandyoucanforgetthedate.”
Ipaidhim$26.50andhewashappytogetit.
1．WhydidJohntalkabouttheweatherwhenthewriterwaslookingatthebill?
Becausehedidn`twantthewritertogothroughthebillcarefully.
Becauseitwasreallyafineday
Becausehewantedthewritertocheckthebillcarefully
Becausehewantedtotellthewriterwhattheweatherwaslike.
答案：A解析：本题是推断试题，根据上下文语境，John故意分散作者注意力，使作者不能仔细查帐目。
2．Fromthestoryweknowthat____.
A.Johnmadeamistakeinthebill
B.Johntriedtofoolthewriterinordertogetmoremoneyforhiswork.
C.Johnhadwrittenoutthebillbeforethewritergothome.
D.Johnstillwantedtoget$36.50forhisworkintheend.
答案：B解析：本题是推断判断题,根据上下文，作者查帐，John故意说话，是要愚弄作者。
6．猜测词义：根据上下文或句子意思猜测单词或短语的意思。试题结构如下：
*Theword“…”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans___.
*Theunderlinedphrase“…”inthearticleprobablymeans____.
*Theword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto____.
*Inline6,theword“…”couldbestbereplacedby____.
*“…”isasynonymfor____.

高考英语阅读理解复习指导

英语：怎样做好阅读理解复习指导

高考英语阅读理解

高考二轮复习英语教案阅读理解

2010高考二轮复习英语教案

专题十九阅读理解

3.点拨阅读技巧，在练中领悟，领悟中训练，技巧能力并进。 anhour).00
Total:.50
WhenIwaslookingatthebill,Johnsaid,“Itisbeenafineday,hasn`tit?Quitesunny.”
“Yes”Isaid“I`mgladitisonlythe10thofNovember.”
“Me,too”saidJohn,“Youwait.It`llbealotcolderbytheendofthemonth”
“yes,colder…andmoreexpensive!DiningtableswillbebemoreexpensiveonNovember30th,won`tthey,John?”
Johnlookedhardatmeforhalfaminute.Wastherealittlesmileinhistwoblueeyes?Igavehisbillbacktohim.
“Ifitisn`ttoomuchtrouble,John,”Isaid,“pleaseadditupagainandyoucanforgetthedate.”
Ipaidhim.50andhewashappytogetit.
1．WhydidJohntalkabouttheweatherwhenthewriterwaslookingatthebill?
Becausehedidn`twantthewritertogothroughthebillcarefully.
Becauseitwasreallyafineday
Becausehewantedthewritertocheckthebillcarefully
Becausehewantedtotellthewriterwhattheweatherwaslike.
答案：A解析：本题是推断试题，根据上下文语境，John故意分散作者注意力，使作者不能仔细查帐目。
2．Fromthestoryweknowthat____.
A.Johnmadeamistakeinthebill
B.Johntriedtofoolthewriterinordertogetmoremoneyforhiswork.
C.Johnhadwrittenoutthebillbeforethewritergothome.
D.Johnstillwantedtoget.50forhisworkintheend.
答案：B解析：本题是推断判断题,根据上下文，作者查帐，John故意说话，是要愚弄作者。
6．猜测词义：根据上下文或句子意思猜测单词或短语的意思。试题结构如下：
*Theword“…”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans___.
*Theunderlinedphrase“…”inthearticleprobablymeans____.
*Theword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto____.
*Inline6,theword“…”couldbestbereplacedby____.
*“…”isasynonymfor____.