高二英语Unit3Backtothepast教案。
一名爱岗敬业的教师要充分考虑学生的理解性,作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃,帮助教师提前熟悉所教学的内容。写好一份优质的教案要怎么做呢?下面是小编精心为您整理的“高二英语Unit3Backtothepast教案”,但愿对您的学习工作带来帮助。
高二英语Unit3Backtothepast教案Unit3backtothepast-grammarandusage教案TeachingAims:Learnthegrammar:
uObjectcomplement
uEither…orandneither…nor
uSubject-verbagreement
TeachingPoints:
Howtousetheobjectcomplement/either…or/neither…nor/subject-verbagreementindifferentsituations.Thekeypointistohelpstudentsguesstheexactusagefromthecontext.
TeachingMethods:
1.Inductivemethod
2.Comparativemethod
3.Communicativeapproach
TeachingAids:
1.Amultimedia
2.Ablackboard
TeachingProcedures:
Step1Objectcomplement
1).Situationone
------Didyoufindanythingspecialwhenyouwenttotheclassroom?
------No,Ididn’t.
------Youfoundthedooropen,didn’tyou?
------Oh,yes.ButIfoundnobodyintheclassroom.
2).Position
V.+Object+objectcomplement
eg:Theinspectorshotthedrug-dealerdead.
(=Thedrug-dealerwasshotdeadbytheinspector.)
3).Situationtwo
------Whatdoyouthinkaboutherperformance?
------Weconsiderthatherperformanceisabigsuccess.
(Weconsiderherperformanceabigsuccess.)
------Whatdopeoplethinkaboutdogs?
------Peoplebelievethatdogsarehonest.
(Peoplebelievedogstobehonest.)
4).Usage
Anobjectcomplement,whichgivesinformationabouttheobject,canbeanoun,anounphrase,anadjective,ato-infinitive,abareinfinitive,oraprepositionalphrase.
5).Moreexampleswithanobjectcomplement
(1)WemadehimchairmanofourStudents’Union.
(2)Ifindthenovelinterestingandamusing.
(3)Pleasekeepthecatout.
(4)IamoftenkeptathomealldaylongonSunday.
6)Morepracticewithanobjectcomplement
Showthestudentstwopicturesandfillintheblanks.
------WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter?
------Ifindit________________________.(veryinteresting/aninterestingbook)
------Whathappenedtotheman?
------Themanwaskept_________.(inprison/jail)
7).Findoutsimilarexampleswithanobjectcomplementfromthereadingpassage.
(1)Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity!
(2)Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburiedunderthesand,togetherwithalotoftreasures.
(3)Wefoundtheruinsmostinteresting.
Step2either…or/neither…nor
1).Situationone
------IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiang’s110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing.
Eitheryouoryourdesk-matecanhaveit.
------IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?
------ItisonnextMonday.
------Oh,whatapity.IamafraidneitherInormydesk-matecanenjoyit.
2).Situationtwo
------WhichlanguagecanIusetowritethespeech?(English/Chinese)
------YoucanwritethespeecheitherinEnglishorinChinese.
3).Situationthree
------Itisneitheryourfaultnormine.It’syourfriendJack’sfault.
------Whosefaultisit?(yours/mine)
4).Situationfour
------WhichonecanItake,Sir?
------Iamafraid,youcantake_______________.(neitherthegunnorthecigar)
5).Situationfive
------WherecanIstayonSaturdayafternoon,Sir?
------Youcanstay______intheclassroom_____inthedormitory.(either…or)
Step3subject-verbagreement
Grammarrules
Readthe6pointsonPage10,findouttheusagesofsubject-verbagreement.
Step4Practice
PartAFillintheblanksusingthecorrectforms:
lExerciseone:Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthegivenverbs:
l1.Thepeople’srepublicofChina_____(be)foundedin1949.
l2.Thefoodtheyofferedontheplane______(be)delicious.
lTheverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisasingularnounoranuncountablenoun.
l3.Twohours_____(be)notenoughforsomuchhomework.
l4.Twentythousanddollars_____(be)alargeamountofmoneytome.
lTheverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisaphraseofmeasurement,moneyatitle,anameordistance.
lAllofus_______(attend)thelectureaboutPompeii.
lMostofthelecture______(be)abouthowtheancientcitywasdiscovered.
lIspentonly30yuanbuyingbooksandtherestofmoney_______(be)spentonmyfood.
lWhenthesubjectisallof/someof/halfof+noun/pronoun,theverbagreeswiththenounandpronoun.
lAnexpertwithsomeassistants_____(be)senttoworkinGansuProvince.
lNoonexcepttwoteachers________(know)thesecret.
lXiaoMingaswellashisparents_____(be)interestedinmusic.
lWhenthesubjectfollowedbywith/togetherwith/aswellas/,theverbagreeswiththesubject.
lEithertheteamleaderortheguides_____(be)lookingafterthestudents.
lNeithernoodlesnorrice______(be)delicioustoday.
lEitheryouortheheadmaster_______(be)tohandoutprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.
lNotonlyyoubutalsoI_______(be)puzzledatherworriedlook.
lWhenneither…nor/either…or/notonly…butalso…areusedtojointhesubjectsofasentence,theverbagreeswiththesubjectclosesttoit.
lHisfamily_____(be)tomovetothecountrysidenextmonth.
lHisfamily_____all(be)fondofpopularmusic.
lOurschool______(be)akeyschoolinJiangsuProvince.
lOurschool______doing(do)morningexercisesnowontheplayground.
lWhenthesubjectisagroupnounlike:class/family/government/team…,weuseasingularverbifthenounidentifiesasingularorunit,orapluralverbifitidentifiesanumberofindividuals.
lStep5Exercise:
1.Eachofyou______responsiblefortheaccident.
a.amb.bec.isd.are
2.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.
a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving
3.Everymeans______triedbutwithoutmuchresult.
a.hasbeenb.havebeenc.ared.is
4.There______inthisroom.
a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnitures
c.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture
5.Themanagerorhisassistant______planningtogo.
a.wereb.arec.wasd.be
6.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.
a.amb.isc.ared.was
7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.
a.isb.arec.hasd.was
8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.
a.attendsb.Attend
c.areattendingd.haveattended
9.______waswrong.
a.Nottheteacherbutthestudents
b.Boththestudentsandtheteacher
c.Neithertheteachernotthestudents
d.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher
10.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”
“Isupposeso.”
a.Willbeb.Isc.Ared.Were
11.Threehours_____enoughforustofinishthetask.
a.areb.hasc.isd.were
12.Mostofhissavings______intheXinHuaBank.
a.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkept
c.havekeptd.havebeenkept
13.Allthatcanbedone______.
a.hasdoneb.hasbeendone
c.havedoned.havebeendone
14.Oneorperhapsmorepages_______.
a.ismissingb.hasbeenmissed
c.aremissingd.wasmissing
15.Morethanoneworker______dismissed.
a.havebeenb.arec.hasbeend.has
16.Manyastudent______theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.
a.haverealizedb.hasrealize
c.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized
17.Thegasworks______nearthecity.
a.isb.arec.wered.be
18.Thesurroundingsofhishouse______cleannow.
a.isb.arec.wasd.were
19.Thecommittee______overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.
a.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguing
c.havearguedd.havebeenarguing
20.Thepublic______generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.
a.isb.wasc.ared.hasbee
Step6homework
DotheexercisesinWorkbook.
相关阅读
Unit3BacktothePast
Unit3BacktothePast
WordPower
●Teachingobjectives:
1.Candevelopthestudents’abilityofusingthetargetlanguageinrealsituation.
2.Canenlargethestudents’vocabularybylearningsomewordsaboutarchaeology.
3.Canexpandthestudents’knowledgearchaeology.
4..Canhelpthestudentsgrasptheuseofsomecommonlyusedpairnounsandgroupnouns.
●Teachingmethods:
1.Students-centered.
2.Teacherandstudents’interaction
3.Multimediaway.
PartA.Teachthepairnounsandgroupnouns
Step1.leadin
Situation:Ann:Isawagroupofpeoplealltrytotakeone
pairofbinoculars.
Jane:Why?
Ann:Allofthemwantedtobethefirsttogeta
closelookatMountVesuvius
Helpthestudentstogettheideaaboutpairnounsandgroupnounsbylookingatsomepictures.
e.g.apairofsacks
aflockofbirds
aherdofhorses
Step2.Labeleachpicture,usinganexpressionincludingawordinthebox.
Thensummarizetheuseofpairnouns.
Thewordpairisusedformanythingsthatarefoundintwosorhavetwoparts.Itisplacedinfrontofthepluralformofanoun.
Step3.Labeleachpicture,usinganexpressionincludingawordinthebox.
Thensummarizetheuseofgroupnouns.
Agroupnounisusedtorefertopeopleorthingsasagroup.
Wecanalsousethewordsfamily,crowdandteamtorefertopeoplewhoappearcollectively.
Step4.competition.
Nowlet’shaveacompetitionandseehowmuchyouknowaboutgroupnouns
andpairnouns?
PartB.Learnsomewordsandinformationaboutarchaeology.
Step1.Showapictureofafamousarchaeologistandaskquestions.
Whoishe?
Whatishe?
Whereishe?
Whatishedoing?
Step2.Labeleachpicture,usinganexpressionandwordsandinformationaboutarchaeology
Step3StudentsreadPartAcarefully,payingattentiontothewordinblue.
Step4.StudentsreadandfillintheblanksofPartB.
Step5.Studentshaveagroupdiscussion
Whichsubjectareyouinterestedin?
Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup
Step6.Askthestudentstowriteoutasmanywordsaspossible.
Task3.Homework
1.Rememberthepairnounsandgroupnouns.
2.Previewthegrammar.
Unit3backtothepast单元教案
一名合格的教师要充分考虑学习的趣味性,作为教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃,帮助教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。那么如何写好我们的教案呢?小编为此仔细地整理了以下内容《Unit3backtothepast单元教案》,仅供参考,希望能为您提供参考!
Unit3backtothepast单元教案Lostcivilizations教学案例
一、教学内容:教牛津高中英语必修模块三Unit3
二、课型:阅读课
三、教学设计思路
Lostcivilizations是一篇有关人类消失的文明的文章。在教学的设计上,以人类文明这一主线把各项活动贯穿起来。通过一系列的练习和活动逐步加深学生对文章的掌握和理解,并最终达到综合运用的目的。笔者力求通过本课的教学使学生了解人类灿烂的古代文明。引导学生形成珍爱和保护人类文化遗产的观念。同时掌握阅读日记的技巧,及有关人类文化的相关词汇。
四、教学目标
1)解有关人类灿烂的古代文明,培养热爱人类文明,保护人类悠久文化的感情;
2)会描述历史及事实,会用英文表达情感;
3)使学生掌握阅读日记的技巧,提高阅读能力;
4)掌握有关人类文明的词汇。
五、教学重点、难点
1)培养学生阅读技巧,提高学生阅读能力;
2)培养学生英语语言的综合运用能力。
六、教学过程
Step1.Lead-in
1.Questions
1)Chinahasalonghistory,inthepastthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehavebuiltmanymagnificentstructures.CanyounamesomebuildingsthatcouldrepresentancientcivilizationsinChina?
2)Aroundtheworld,peoplealsobuiltalotofmagnificentstructures.Doyouknowaboutthem?
〔设计说明〕
以问题导入,引导学生从熟知的中国文化谈起,并扩展到谈论世界文化,使学生易于接受。
2.Watchthepicturesrepresentingancientcivilizations.Introducethesepicturestothestudents.
〔设计说明〕
1)面的内容相衔接。可以作为问题2)的答案。
2)教师利用多媒体播放古代建筑的图画.使学生对人类古代文明产生直观的感性认识。有利于调动学生的学习兴趣。
3)呈现本单元的部分词汇。
Step2.Pre-reading
Listentothetapewithoutlookingatthebooksandthink:
1.Wheredidtheauthortravel?(PompeiiandLoulan)
2.Whatisonemainsimilaritybetweenthetwocities?(Theyarelostcivilizations)
〔设计说明〕
1)学生不看原文的情况下通过听的方式来获取主要信息,训练学生的听力。
2)教师用多媒体呈现有关庞贝和楼兰的图画。学生通过观看图画,获取正确答案,一目了然。形成对课文的感性认识,有利于进一步理解课文。
3)由第2题引出文章的标题---lostcivilizations。教师板书标题,并通过图画加深学生对lostcivilizations的理解。
Step3.Fast-reading
Readthepassagefastandanswerthefollowingquestions:
1.Whatcountryistheauthorfrom?
2.WhowasmadedirectorofthePompeiidigin1860?
3.WhoisProfessorZhang?
〔设计说明〕
复习前面学过的skimming和scanning快速阅读的技巧。培养学生快速获取信息的能力。
Step4.Reading
1.Generalreading
Readthepassagecarefully,findtheinformationfromthetextandcompletethefollowingtwoforms.
Form1:
Dates
Mainidea
Day1---7.15
Dy2---7.16
Day3---7.17
Day4---7.24
Day5---7.25Form2:
Purposeofthetrip
Toseethelostcivilizations
DestinationFoundedDisappearedCauseofdisappearanceDiscovererThescenetheauthorsawThescenebeforethecitywasburied〔设计说明〕
通过完成两幅表格,帮助学生从时间上和内容上分别把握每一则日记的大意,从而从整体上把握文章的脉络。学生分组讨论后多媒体显示正确答案。
2.Detailed-reading
Readthepassagecarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.
1)WhathappenedtoPompeiiinAugustAD79?
2)Howwastheburiedcitydiscovered?
3)WhatwerethesteppingstonesalongtheroadinPompeiiusedfor?
4)WhywasLoulananimportantcityabout2,000yearsago?
5)HowdomanypeoplethinkLoulandisappeared?
6)Accordingtothelastsentence,howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheloss
ofLoulan?
〔设计说明〕
这几个问题反映了文章的中心内容。在对文章整体把握后,再处理这几个问题,使学生从整体到细节更进一步理解文章。在处理问题时,教师要注意强调重点词汇。
3.wordsandexpressions
Matchthenewwordswiththeirdefinitions.
1)representing_____a.(ofavolcano)threwoutlavaandash
2)tookover_____b.actingorspeakingforagroup
3)erupted_____c.sadly,unluckily
4)unfortunately_____d.rich
5)house_____e.partsofabuildingthatremainafterithasbeenbadlydamaged
6)wealthy_____huge
7)ruins_____tookcontrolof
8)enormous_____providesspacefor
Step5.Readingstrategy
1.Askthestudentstoread"readingstrategy"andlearnhowtoreaddiaryentries.
2.Thewritersofdiariesoftenrecordfeelingoropinions(emotions)aswellaswhattheyhavedone(actions).Dothesentencesbelowexpressemotions(E)oractions(A)?Circleyouranswers.
1)Ifeelluckytohavewonaplaceonthistrip.(line2)E/A
2)ThismorningwewenttoalectureaboutPompeii.(line7)E/A
3)Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity.(lines11-12)E/A
4)Howamazing!(lines14-15)E/A
5)Peoplestartedtodigintheareafortreasure.(line16-17)E/A
6)WhenIwalkedaroundthecity,Isawstreetsjustastheyhadbeen.(line19)E/A
7)Iamsoexcitedtobehere!(line35)E/A
8)Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburiedunderthesand.(line39)E/A
〔设计说明〕
阅读课本上Readingstrategy的内容,并通过完成相关练习更好地掌握阅读日记的技巧。
Step5.Post-reading
1.Completethise-mailthatAnnwrotetooneofherfriendsaftervisitingPompeiiandLoulan.Usethewordsfromtheboxbelow.
Pompeiicivilizationstreasurecommercialarchaeologistvolcanosanderuptedruinsrepresent
Jane,
Iwassoexcitedtobepickedto_____Canada.Ihavebeento_____inItalyandamnowinChinavisitingLoulan.Bothplaceswereimportant_____citiesabout2,000yearsago.Theybothdisappearedandbecamelost_____.Pompeiiwasdestroyedbya_____.It_____andcoveredPompeiiwithash.Loulandisappearedunderthe_____.Nooneisquitesurewhy.Therearejustafew_____left.Some_____,suchascoinsandpaintedpots,wasfound,andrecentlysometombs.Imbecomingveryinterestedinancientcivilizations.MaybeIllbecomean_____oneday.
Whatdoyouthink?
SeeyouwhenIgetback.
Ann
〔设计说明〕
本项练习是要求学生在掌握课文的基础上完成的。是对课文内容的扩展。既是检查学生对文章的理解程度,又是检查对词汇掌握的熟练度。
2.Discussion
Doyouthinkitisimportanttoprotectculturalheritage?Whyorwhynot?
Doyouhaveanysuggestionsonhowtoprotectit?
〔设计说明〕
锻炼学生说的能力。学生通过小组讨论的方式,增强保护文化遗产的意识。并通过讨论复习和巩固文章中重点的语句。
Step6.Homework
Writeadiaryentryonyourtravelingtoalostcivilization.
FinishPartFafterclass.
〔设计说明〕
听与读的输入为写的输出作了充分的准备。通过写巩固对课文的理解。培养学生综合运用语言的能力。
ThedesignofthewritingontheBb:
Unit3Backtothepast
Lostcivilizations
tookovereruptedruinstreasurewealthy
enormoushousesandrepresentcommercial
Recordafterclass:
Unit3Backtothepast单元学案
古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。作为高中教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境,帮助授课经验少的高中教师教学。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能写好呢?小编收集并整理了“Unit3Backtothepast单元学案”,供大家参考,希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。
Unit3Backtothepast单元学案
第一部分:重点归纳
I.重点单词
1.文明2.讲座3.爆发4.不幸地
5.埋葬6.主管,负责人7.毁坏,摧毁8.富有的
9.商业的10.渐渐地11.文化的12.机构,研究所
13.材料,物质14.文献,文件15.木制的16.解决办法
17.担心的,关心的18.市民的19.爆炸20.总统
21.共和国22.混乱23.影响24.推翻
25.形成26.重新统一27.下沉28.忠实地,忠诚地
II.重点词组
1.赢得这次旅行的一个名额感到很幸运
2.作为……很出名3.被活埋
4被任命为总指挥5.每逢雨天
6.想像做某事7.埋在沙子下面的建筑物遗址
8.阻止某人做某事9.被选为加拿大代表
10.第一个做某事的人11.参与做某事
12.经过保护的一个妇女尸体13.使某事取得极大的成功
14.使某人发狂15.本(不)该做某事
16.影响…….发展17.成立时以长安作为其首都
18.在使用中19.设法做成某事
20.作为……的回报21.在接下来的一年中
22.经过困难的时期/光23.接管
24.处于良好的状况25.在(上)船上(机、车上)
26.纪念27.对……关心/担心
28.到……为止
III.重点原句(注意划线部分)
1.Ifeelluckytohavewonaplaceonthistrip.
2.NextweekweareflyingtoChina,andgoingtoLoulan,whichisknownasChina’sPompeii.
3.Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity.
4.Thecitywasforgottenformanyyearsuntilthe18thcentury.
5.FiorelliwasmadedirectorofthePompeiidig.
6.Soyoudidn’thavetostepinthemudinthestreetsonrainydays!
7.ItisbelievedbymanypeopletohavebeengraduallycoveredoverbysandstormsfromAD200…
8.Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburiedunderthesand.
9.Eventhatdidn’tpreventthecityfrombeingburiedbysand---Whatapity!
10.IwassoexcitedtobepickedtorepresentCanada.
11.In1980Iwasinvolvedindiscoveringthepreservedbodyofawoman.
12.HisworkhasmadethediscoveryofLoulanahugesuccess.
13.NotonlywasRomeacityandarepublic,butitwasalsotobecomethecapitalofoneofthelargestempiresinhistory.
14.TheHanDynastywasfoundedwithChang’anasitscapitalcity.
15.WhatisinterestingisthattheotherlargestcitywasRome.
16.Chinesepeoplemanagedtotravelfurther,introducingsilk,china,etc.
17.Inreturnforsilk,Chinareceivedwine,spices,woolandothergoods.
18.InthefollowinghundredyearsbothRomeandChinahadadifficulttime.
第二部分:练习
I.单项选择
1.Wedidn’texpectthatSarawasmade_____oftheStudents’Union.
A.chairmanB.achairmanC.thechairmanD.chairmen
2.Thenoiseoftheplanestakingoffandlandingtimeandtimeagainnearly_____thepeoplearoundtheairportmad.
A.leftB.keptC.droveD.caused
3.Thevisitingguestssentussomeofthepicturesdrawnbythestudentsoftheirsschools,andwesentthemsomeofourcalligraphy_____.
A.inreturnB.inturnC.byturnD.forreturn
4.Thegeneralmanagerhastoretireduetohisillness.Whodoyouthinkwill_____thebusiness?
A.takeinB.takeupC.takeonD.takeover
5.Mikewokeuptofindhimself_____byflowers,whichhelaterfoundoutcamefromthe______villages.
A.surrounding;surroundedB.surrounded;surrounding
C.surrounded;surroundedD.surrounding;surrounding
6.Weshouldneverforgetthedays_____Chinawasinvadedandmanypeoplewereburied_____.
A.when;liveB.which;alive
C.when;aliveD.which;living
7.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestopreventmoretreesfrom_____.
A.cuttingdownB.cutdown.
C.beingcutdownD.beencutdown
8.YesterdayeveningItriedtocallyou,butIcouldn’tgetthroughasthetelephonewasalwaysin_____.
A.needB.useC.caseD.addition
9.Now______asaheroforthejourneyintoouterspace,YangLiweihasearnedmuchrespectfrompeopleallovertheworld.
A.knowingB.beingknown
C.knownD.havingknown
10.Thegovernmentisconsideringtheenvironment-friendlyplanwhichsomescientistswouldliketosee______soon.
A.tobecarriedoutB.becarriedout
C.carryingoutD.carriedout
11.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.
A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked
12.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands_____behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied
13.Eitheryouortheheadmaster_____theprizetothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.
A.ishandingoutB.aretohandout
C.arehandingoutD.istohandout
14.One-thirdofthearea_____coveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetrees______beenplanted.
A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;has
15.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____whethertheywillenjoyit.
A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen
II.单词拼写
1.ManyfamousbuildingssuchastheGreatWallandtheSummerPlacecanrepresenttheancientc___________ofChina.
2.Thegardenthatwasoncesobeautifulwasd___________intheflood.
3.Sincethelawofwildlifeprotectioncameintoeffect,thenumberofthemiludeerhasgrowng_____________yearbyyear.
4.Manhattaniswellknownasthec____________centreofAmerica.
5.Hegrewupinaw___________family,soheknowsnothingaboutthelifeofthepoor.
6.ManyAmericanp____________servedinCongressbeforetheyhavethehighestpoliticalposition.
7.The__________(残留物)oflunchwerestillonthetable.
8.Hecommittedthecrimeunderthe__________(影响)ofastrongpassion.
9.Thepartyisincomplete____________(混乱)afteritselectiondefeat.
10.Therearesome_____________(相似处)betweenthetwopoets.
11.America___________(宣布)waronJapanin1941.
12._______________(不幸地),Karengotseriouslyinjuredinacaraccidentonherwayhome.
III.翻译句子
1.Iconsidermyself______________________________________(很幸运有机会参观印度)
2.__________________________________________(他烟酒不沾),butisstillinbadhealth.
3.我从公共汽车上下来时,发现钱包被偷了。
WhenIgotoffthebusI_________________________.
4.我们能做什么来防止这种疾病的蔓延?
Whatcanwedo_______________________?
5.这家图书馆是为了纪念那位科学家而建的。
Thelibrarywasbuilt_____________________thescientist
6.Peter很友好,作为回报我们给他送了一份漂亮的礼物。
WegavePeteranicepresent__________________hiskindness.
第三部分:练习答案
I.单项选择
1~5ACADB6~10CCBCD11~15BDDCB
II.单词拼写
1civilization2destroyed3gradually4commercial5wealthy
6presidents7remains8influence9confusion10similarities
11declared12Unfortunately/Unluckily
III.翻译句子
1.luckytohavethechancetovisitIndia
2.Heneithersmokesnordrinks
3.Ifoundmywalletstolen
4.topreventthediseasefromspreading?/thespreadofthedisease
5.inmemory/honourofthescientist
6.inreturnforhiskindness
牛津译林版高二英语Unit3 Backtothepast单元复习学案
牛津译林版高二英语Unit3 Backtothepast单元复习学案
词汇导练
1.Toavoid____________(混淆),theteamsworedifferentcolors.
2.TheChinese____________(文明)isoneoftheoldestintheworld.
3.Theprofessorgaveusalively____________(讲座)lastnight.
4.The____________(遗迹)ofthecastlecanstillbeseenonthehill.
5.Londonisstillthe____________(文化的)capitalofthecountry.
6.Don’tworry.I’msureyourchildrenwill____________(渐渐地)learntounderstandyou.
7.Gibbonsfailedtoseethe____________(商业的)valueofhisdiscovery.
8.Thevolcano____________suddenly,sothetownatitsbasewasdestroyed.
9.Ifyouwanttomakeanewskirt,youhadbetterbuythecotton____________.
10.Yesterdayabomb____________inthecenterofthecity.
11.Twobuildingswere____________byfirelastnightinTokyo.
12.I’m____________(feed)upwiththespeaker’slonganddullspeech.
1.confusion 2.civilization 3.lecture 4.remains,5.cultural 6.gradually 7.commercial 8.erupted 9.material 10.exploded 11.destroyed 12.fed
短语汇集
1.____________________夺取;接管
2.____________________处于良好的状态
3.____________________实施,执行,进行
4.____________________在船上(飞机上或火车上);上船(飞机或火车)
5.____________________纪念
6.____________________使用中
7.____________________作为回报
8.____________________不复存在;不再
9.____________________位于……
10.____________________提到,涉及到,参考
1.takeover 2.ingoodcondition 3.carryout 4.onboard 5.inmemoryof 6.inuse 7.inreturn8.nomore 9.belocatedin... 10.referto
语句试译
1.(回归课本P42)Nearthecity________________________calledVesuvius.
在城市附近有一座叫维苏威的火山。
2.(回归课本P43)Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,and________________thecity!
很不幸,所有的人都被活埋了,城市也被埋了!
3.(回归课本P43)________________________bymanypeopletohavebeengraduallycoveredoverbysandstormsfromAD200toAD500.
很多人相信,它是在公元200年至公元500年之间被风沙渐渐覆盖了。
4.(回归课本P47)________________________,Chinahasmanyhistoricalarchaeologicalsites...
正如你所知,中国有许多历史考古现场……
5.(回归课本P58)________________________Romeacityandarepublic,________itwas________tobecomethecapitalofoneofthelargestempiresinhistory.
罗马不仅是个城市和共和国,它也注定成为历史上最大帝国之一的首都。
1.wasavolcano 2.sowas 3.Itisbelieved 4.Asyouknow 5.Notonlywas;but;also
核心知识
1.bury vt. 覆盖;埋葬;埋藏
(回归课本P43)Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity!
不幸的是,所有的人都被活埋了,城市也不例外!
归纳拓展
此类词组易考查过去分词作状语。
例句探源
①(朗文P257)Twocarswereburiedinthemudslide.
两辆车被埋在泥流中。
②(牛津P262)Theminerswereburiedalivewhenthetunnelcollapsed.坑道塌方,矿工都被活埋。
③Hewassittingwithhisheadburiedinabook.
他坐着埋头读书。
1.完成句子
(1)如果发生雪崩,滑雪者可能会被雪活埋。
Ifanavalanchestrikes,skierscan________________________bysnow.
答案:beburiedalive
(2)专心于读报,他没注意到他的爸爸。
________________readinghisnewspaper,hedidn’ttakenoticeofhisdad.
答案:Buriedin
(3)她双手蒙着脸哭了起来。
She________________________________________________andcried.
答案:buriedherfaceinherhands
2.________writingthearticle,Mrs.Curieevenforgotherdinner.
A.Absorbedin B.Absorbingat
C.HavingabsorbedbyD.Toabsorbin
解析:选A。beabsorbedin“专心于”。句意:居里夫人专心写文章以至于忘了吃饭。
★3.(2011年湖南综合模拟题)________inthemountainsforaweek,wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.
A.HavinglostB.Losing
C.BeinglostD.Lost
解析:选D。分词作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子的主语,若分词和逻辑主语之间是主动关系,则用现在分词,若是被动关系,则用过去分词。belostin“迷路”,lose和其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。
2.ruin vt. 毁灭/坏,使破产
n.[U] 毁坏,毁灭,崩溃;(金钱等的)完全丧失
[C](pl.) 废墟,遗迹
(回归课本P43)Anarchaeologistfromthelocalculturalinstitute,ProfessorZhang,toldusthat100yearsagotheSwedishexplorerSvenHedindiscoveredtheruinsoftheLoulanKingdom.
一个来自本地文化研究所的考古学家,张教授告诉我们100年前瑞典探险家SvenHedin发现了古楼兰王国的遗址。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P1786)Alcoholanddrugsalmostruinedhiscareer.
酒精和毒品几乎毁掉了他的事业。
②(牛津P1747)Alargenumberofchurchesfellintoruinaftertherevolution.革命过后,许多教堂都毁了。
③Yearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins.
经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。
易混辨析
damage,harm,hurt,ruin,destroy
这五个动词均有“损害,伤害”之意。
(1)damage多用于无生命的东西,指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等,不一定全部破坏,而且还可以修复”。这种损坏是自然灾害或人为过失造成的。
(2)harm指对人或物的伤害或损坏,侧重身体或心理上的伤害。
(3)hurt指任何肉体或精神上的伤害,强调其痛苦的后果。
(4)ruin通常指无可挽回的伤害,但不一定指完全毁灭,含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。此外ruin多用于借喻中,泛指一般的“坏了”。
(5)destroy强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉;也可用于比喻,表示“打破(希望、计划),使失败”。
①Youwillruinnomorelivesasyouruinedmine.
②Therewasanunexpectedexplosioninourstreet,butourbuildingwasn’tharmedatall.
③Thefiredestroyedmostofthebuildings.
④You’llhurtherfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.
⑤Jackhadanaccidentanddamagedhisbike.
4.翻译句子
地震过后,全城到处是断壁残垣。
________________________________________________________________________
答案:Theearthquakeleftthewholecityinruins.
★5.(2011年盐城统考)Withthereputation________,foodcompaniesneedto________theirimage.
A.ruining;promote
B.ruined;polishup
C.toruin;improve
D.toberuined;change
解析:选D。第一空考查with引导的复合结构,toberuined表示将要被毁坏,而ruined表示已彻底毁坏。第二空考查动词辨析。promote“促进”;polishup“修改,润饰”;improve“提高,改善(生活)”;change“改变”。根据句意,D项正确。
3.drive v. 驱使,迫使;驱赶;驾驶,开车
n. 开车旅行,开车路程;驱动器
(回归课本P48)TheheatalmostdrovemecrazyeventhoughIwaswearingverythincottontrouserstokeepmecool.
尽管我穿着很薄的棉裤保持凉爽,但是热量还是逼得我要发疯。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P613)Couldyoudrivemehome?
你可以开车送我回家吗?
②(朗文P623)Thisjobisenoughtodriveyoutodrink.
这项工作足以把任何人逼得借酒消愁。
③Amandrivenbyjealousyiscapableofanything.
嫉妒心可以使人什么都做得出来。
④Heleavesdirtyclothesalloverthefloorandit’sdrivingmemad.地板上到处都是他扔的脏衣服,真要把我给气疯了。
6.根据句意填词:
(1)Yourbadtemperwilldriveyourwife________.Becareful.
答案:mad
(2)Thecarjustdrove________asfastasitcouldaftertheaccidenthappened.
答案:away
(3)Aftertheterrorismattack,thestoresinthecityhavebeendriven________.
答案:closed
(4)Thechildrenaredrivingme________despair.
答案:to
(5)Theoilshortagedrovethegasprice________by30centsagallon.
答案:up
4.concerned adj. 担心的,关心的;有关的
(回归课本P51)Aconcernedcitizen
一位关心这件事的市民
归纳拓展
everydayconcerns日常事务
feelconcernabout忧虑,挂念
havenoconcernfor毫不关心
showconcernforsb./sth.关心某人/某事
withconcern关切地
(4)concerningprep.关于
例句探源
①(牛津P408)Thepresidentisdeeplyconcernedaboutthisissue.总统对这个问题深感担忧。
②(朗文P409)Businessesconcernedwiththeoilindustrydonotsupportsolarenergyresearch.
与石油有关的企业都不支持太阳能的研究。
③WeaskedtheAmericanprofessormanyquestionsconcerningAmericanhighereducationafterclass.课后我们问了那位美国教授许多关于美国高等教育方面的问题。
④Itisimpossiblesofarasweareconcerned.
就我们而言,这是不可能的。
⑤Sheisalwaysconcerningherselfaboutotherpeople’sbusiness.她老是操心别人的事。
⑥That’snoconcernofmine.这不关我的事。
7.完成句子
(1)我们都为他们的安全担心。
Weare________________________theirsafety.
答案:allconcernedfor
(2)这事对孩子的健康成长影响极大。
This________________________________ofthechildrendeeply.
答案:concernsthehealthygrowth
(3)他非常担心儿子的病情。
He________________________forhisson’sillness.
答案:showedgreatconcern
★8.________,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,themoreequippedforlifeyouare.
A.AsfarasIconcerned
B.AsfarasIamconcerned
C.SofarasIamconcerning
D.SofarasIwasconcerned
解析:选B。as/sofarassb./sth.beconcerned是一固定结构,“就……而言”,排除A、C,再根据后文的educationis...,可知应该用现在时态,排除D。
5.declare vt. 宣布;声明;表明;断言;宣称
vi. 声明;(公开)表态
(回归课本P55)Thenextday,USPresidentFranklinRooseveltdeclaredwaragainstJapan.
第二天,美国总统富兰克林罗斯福宣布对日作战。
归纳拓展
declarethat...宣布……
declaresb./sth.(tobe)+adj.宣布某人/某物……
declarefor/against...公开表示支持/反对
declarewaron/against(对……)宣战
declarationn.宣布,宣言,宣告,声明;申报,声明(书)
例句探源
①(朗文P523)SeverefloodingpromptedthegovernertodeclareastateofemergencyTuesday.
严重的洪水迫使州长星期二宣布进入紧急状态。
②(牛津P518)GermanydeclaredwaronFranceon1August1914.德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战。
③Hisactionsdeclaredhim(tobe)anhonestman.
他的行动说明他是个老实人。
易混辨析
announce,declare
都有“宣布,公布”之意,但各有侧重。
(1)announce指正式地“公开,发表,宣布”,侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息。
(2)declare指正式和明确地向公众“宣布,宣告,声明”,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。
①Thegovernmentannouncedthatallthewarprisonerswouldbesetfree.
②TheAmericansprotestedandintheendtheAmericanrunnerwasdeclaredthewinner.
9.Thejudgeshaddifferentideasabouttheresults,soitwastwohoursbeforetheresultswere________.
A.criedout B.letout
C.announcedD.declared
解析:选D。announce多用于宣布人们所关心或感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息;declare多用于宣战、议和等;cryout喊出来;letout泄露,放大。句意:法官对结果有不同的意见,所以两个小时后才宣布结果。
★10.(2011年江苏基础巩固题)AttheconferencetheChineseforeignminister________hisopinionthatChinawasstronglyagainsttheterrorism.
A.declaredB.announced
C.statedD.showed
解析:选C。state在此表示“陈述”之意。declare与announce都是“宣布”之意,可以被排除。
11.Thegovernment________thecitizensthattheyshouldhavetheirincometax________intime.
A.announced;pay
B.announcedto;pay
C.announcedto;paid
D.announced;paid
解析:选C。announce后接人要加to;pay与tax之间有被动含义,要用过去分词。
6.remains n. 残余物;遗迹;遗体;遗址
(回归课本P43)Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburiedunderthesand,togetherwithalotoftreasures,suchascoins,paintedpots,silkmaterials,documentsandwallpaintings.
斯文发现了埋葬在沙子下面的建筑物遗迹,以及很多诸如钱币、彩绘罐、丝绸、文献和壁画等珍贵文物。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1681)Shefedtheremainsofherlunchtothedog.
她把剩下的午饭喂狗了。
②(朗文P1725)Oneremainingcouplecarriedondancing.
还剩下一对夫妻继续在跳舞。
③(2009年高考安徽卷)Thereremainsacertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.
关于那个工程的实用价值,人们还是心存某种疑虑。
④Youhavetherighttoremainsilent.
你有保持沉默的权利。
⑤Worsethingsremaintobetold.
更糟的事情留待以后再说。
⑥RemainheretillIreturn.留在这儿,直到我回来。
12.(2010年高考重庆卷)Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding________now.
A.remains
B.isremained
C.isremaining
D.hasbeenremained
解析:选A。本题考查谓语动词。从本句的时间副词“now”可以确定为现在时态,而动词“remain”是个不及物动词,没有被动语态,故排除B,D;且没有进行时态,排除C。因为表达“留存”意义的remain本身就表示状态,故选A。句意:这座宫殿在上世纪着了三次大火,故现在几乎没有留下多少原先的建筑。
★13.(2009年高考四川卷)Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.
A.seatedB.seating
C.toseatD.seat
解析:选A。句意:女士们,先生们,请在飞机完全停下来之后,再离开座位。remain仍然是;保持不变,在这里是一个连系动词。be/remainseated保持坐着的状态,seated(=sitting)是由过去分词变来的形容词,作remain的表语,表状态。
★14.(2009年高考山东卷)Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain________shewasandwaitforhermother.
A.where B.what
C.howD.who
解析:选A。句意:那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她的母亲。where引导地点状语从句。
7.condition n.
(回归课本P53)Mostofthemwereingoodcondition.
它们中大多数都保存完好。
归纳拓展
ingoodcondition状态良好;身体健康
outofcondition身体不适
onconditionthat条件是
onnocondition决不(如果放在句首,句子倒装)
onthis/that/whatcondition在这个/那个/什么条件下
living/housing/workingconditions生活/住房/工作条件
例句探源
①(朗文P412)Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandisinexcellentcondition.这辆车一直保养得很好,车况极佳。
②(牛津P411)Theyagreedtolendusthecaronconditionthatwereturnitbeforetheweekend.
他们同意借车给我们,条件是周末以前归还。
③Shehelpedimproveprisonconditionsandgaveprisonersworkandeducation.
她帮助改善监狱的条件,让囚犯劳动,接受教育。
★15.(2009年高考陕西卷)Fromtheir________onthetopoftheTVTower,visitorscanhaveabetterviewofthecity.
A.stage B.position
C.conditionD.situation
解析:选B。句意:从他们在电视塔顶的位置,游客们可以更好地看到这个城市。stage“阶段;舞台”;position“位置;地位;姿势”;condition“条件,环境,情形”;situation“形势,环境”。根据句意B项正确。
★16.(2011年江苏海安金陵中学高三联考)—Whydidyourefusetomoveintotheoffice?
—Becauseitwasreallyinapoor________anddirty.
A.form B.situation
C.shapeD.state
解析:选D。inanyform/shape“某事物的任何形式”;intheshape/formof“以……的形式”;inasituation“处于……的境地;陷入……的状况”;inapoorstate“处于糟糕、混乱或不整洁的状态”。句意:——你为什么拒绝搬进办公室?——因为它真的很破很脏。
★17.Sheisinapoor________ofhealth,whichworrieshermotheralot.
A.position B.situation
C.stateD.condition
解析:选C。position位置,职位;situation位置,形势;state状态,inagood/poorstateof...是固定词组,意为“处于……状态”;condition条件。
18.(2010年高考辽宁卷)Iagreetohissuggestion________theconditionthathedropsallcharges.
A.byB.in
C.onD.to
解析:选C。句意:我同意他的建议,条件是他降低费用。onconditionthat,“条件是”,引导条件状语从句。
8.carryout 实施;执行;实现;完成
(回归课本P55)AsurpriseattackwascarriedouttherebytheJapanesein1941.
1941年,日本军队进行了一次突然袭击。
归纳拓展
(1)carryout后常接以下词作宾语:
carryoutaplan执行计划
carryoutapromise实践诺言
carryoutanorder执行命令
carryoutrepairs进行维修
carryoutthetest进行考试
carryoutanexperiment进行实验
carryoutaninstruction遵照指示
carryoutasuggestion执行建议
(2)carry构成的短语:
carryoff夺取(生命);获得(奖项);应付,
carryon继续下去
carryaway运走;使……失控/着迷
carrythrough贯彻,完成,维持
例句探源
①(牛津P294)Extensivetestshavebeencarriedoutonthepatient.已对患者进行了全面检查。
②(朗文P289)Teenagerscarriedoutasurveyonattitudestodrugs.青少年对人们对待毒品的态度进行了调查。
③We’llcarryonourconversationtomorrow.
我们明天继续展开对话。
④Hiscouragewillcarryhimthrough。
他的勇气会帮他渡过难关。
⑤Shewascarriedawaybythemusicandstartedtosingitherself.她被那乐曲迷住了,也跟着唱起来。
⑥Hecarriedoffmostoftheprizes.
他赢得了大部分奖项。
★19.Themealover,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomto________theirdiscussion.
A.putaway B.takedown
C.lookoverD.carryon
解析:选D。句意:吃完饭后,经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。putaway把……收好;takedown写下,记下;lookover快速地查看;carryon继续。
20.用carry词组的适当形式填空:
(1)He________twogoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.
答案:carriedoff
(2)Hisdetermination________him________theordeal.
答案:carriedthrough
(3)Thetopsoilwas________intheflood.
答案:carriedaway
9.inmemoryof 纪念
(回归课本P55)InmemoryoftheAmericanswhodiedintheattack,anationalmemorialwasbuiltinPearlHarborjustabovetheremainsofthesunkenbattleshipArizona.
为了纪念在袭击中丧生的美国士兵,在珍珠港的沉船的残骸上方,国家建立了一座纪念碑。
归纳拓展
(1)inmemoryof=tothememoryof...为了纪念……
(2)类似搭配,inpraiseof赞美,歌颂
inhonourof为了向……表示敬意
insearchof为了寻找
inchargeof负责
incontrolof控制
insupportof支持
infavourof赞成
inplaceof代替
例句探源
①(牛津P1258)Hefoundedthecharityinmemoryofhislatewife.他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。
②ThegrouplitcandlesinmemoryofLauraandherbrother.
人群点起了蜡烛以纪念劳拉和她的弟弟。
21.________China’sYouth’sDay,acelebrationeveningtookplaceonourcampus.Itwasasuccess.
A.InplaceofB.Inhopesof
C.InsteadofD.Inmemoryof
解析:选D。根据题意可知,D项正确。这句话的意思是:为了纪念中国青年节,我们学校举行了一次庆祝晚会,结果很成功。其他选项不符合语境。inplaceof意思是“代替”;inhopesof“希望”;insteadof“代替;而不是”。
★22.(2011年山东烟台高三素质测试)Itis________greathonorforacountrytohosttheOlympicGames.Agreatcelebrationwasheldin________honoroftheevent.
A.a;aB.a;/
C./;/D./;the
解析:选B。句意:对一个国家来说举办奥运会是一件无比荣耀的事,为了纪念这件大事举办了一个盛大的庆典。第一空honor指事,是可数名词,前应用冠词,第二空inhonorof为了纪念……,是固定搭配,故选B。
10.beinvolvedin 参与……
(回归课本P47)In1980,Iwasinvolvedinexploringthepreservedbodyofawoman.
我在1980年参与了研究一个被保存完好的女尸的工作。
归纳拓展
involvedoingsth.包含做……,需要做……
involvesb.insth.使某人牵涉进/陷入某事
beinvolvedwithsb.和某人混在一起,和某人有密切联系
be/getinvolvedinsth.卷入;与……有关;参与(应负法律责任)
beinvolvedindoingsth.专心致志做某事
例句探源
①(朗文P1092)Asmanyas100vehicleswereinvolvedinthecollision.这次撞车事故涉及车辆多达10部。
②(牛津P1078)IwassoinvolvedinmybookIdidn’thearyouknock.我全神贯注在看书,没听到你敲门。
③Hewasinvolvedinworking
④Takingthejobinvolvesliving
⑤Youaretooemotionallyinvolvedwiththesituation.
你在这件事上投入的感情太多了。
23.完成句子
(1)你害得我添了一大堆额外的工作。
Youhave________________________agreatdealofextrawork.
答案:involvedmein
(2)她和他有密切的联系,并且觉得他一定会娶她。
She’sdeeply________________himandfeelshemustmarryher.
答案:involvedwith
(3)别让你自己卷入这样的事中。
Don’t________________________________suchmatters.
答案:getyourselfinvolvedin
(4)她整晚都在专心致志地读书。
She________________________readingallnight.
答案:wasinvolvedin
(5)经营自己的企业一般需要长时间地工作。
Runningyourownbusinessusually________________longhours.
答案:involvesworking
11.prevent...from 妨碍,阻止
(回归课本P43)Thedesertwasonceagreenlandwithenormoustrees,buteventhatdidn’tpreventthecityfrombeingburiedbysand—whatapity!
现在的沙漠一度是一片绿色的土地,长着参天大树,然而,尽管如此也没能阻止这座城市被风沙覆盖的命运——真遗憾!
归纳拓展
prevent...fromdoing=stop...from...=
keep...from...阻止……做……
(1)在keepsb.fromdoingsth.句式中,from不可省略。因为keepsb.doingsth.意为“让某人一直做某事”;而preventsb.fromdoingsth.与stopsb.fromdoingsth.句式中的from可省略。
(2)若用于被动语态,以上三个句式中的from都不可省略。
Wewereprevented/stopped/keptfromattendingProfessorLi’slecturebytheheavyrain.
大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。
例句探源
①(牛津P1568)Nothingwouldpreventhimfromspeakingoutagainstinjustice.什么都不能阻止他鸣不平。
②(朗文P1612)Guardsstoodatthedoorstopreventanyonefromleaving.守卫站在门边阻止任何人离开。
★24.Allpossiblemeans________beentakentostoptheriver________.
A.have;polluting
B.has;polluted
C.has;frompolluted
D.have;beingpolluted
解析:选D。allpossiblemeans表示复数概念,故谓语动词用复数;且根据stopsb./sth.(from)doing句式可知,答案为D。
★25.(2011年江苏盐城中学高三模拟)Inordertokeepthechildren________swimmingintheriver,Mr.Smithkeptthem________stayinghomeallday.
A.from;fromB.from;/
C./;fromD./;/
解析:选B。考查keepsb.fromdoingsth.和keepsb.doingsth.的区别。keepsb.fromdoingsth.表示“阻止……做……”,keepsb.doingsth.表示“让某人一直做某事”。根据句意可知,答案为B。
26.Badweatherpreventedthework________intime.
A.completedB.fromcompleting
C.tobecompletedD.beingcompleted
解析:选D。考查prevent...fromdoing用法。由于工作是被完成的,from后跟动名词的被动形式,且from可省略,故选D。
句型解析
1 NearthecitywasavolcanocalledVesuvius.(P42) 离城市不远处有一座叫维苏威的火山。
此句为完全倒装句。
谓语动词完全置于主语之前的句子,便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有两种:
(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语,如:here,there,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等,置于句首且主语是名词。
①InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.
在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。
②Infrontoftheteachingbuildingstandsatalltree.
教学楼前有一棵大树。
③Inthischapterwillbefoundtheanswerstothosequestions.
在这章能找到那些问题的答案。
④Southoftheriverliesasmallfactory.
一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。
⑤Outrushedthechildren.
孩子们冲了出去。(但也可以这样说:Outtheyrushed.因为主语为人称代词,而不是名词)
⑥Awayflewtheplane.(=Awayitflew.)飞机飞走了。
(2)such置于句首时。
⑦SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanandthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist.这就是爱因斯坦,一个淳朴的人,也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。
此句型中的such多被认为是表语,所以such后的be动词应与其后的“真正的主语”保持一致。
⑧Sucharethefacts;noonecandenythem.
这就是事实,没有人能否定它们。
27.(2010年高考重庆卷)AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver________,oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.
A.liesChongqing
B.Chongqinglies
C.doeslieChongqing
D.doesChongqinglie
解析:选A。考查倒装句。句意:中国十大城市之一的重庆位于扬子江和嘉陵江两江交汇的地方。分析句子结构得知,这里是将地点状语提前且主语为名词,故句子需用完全倒装形式。
28.(2010年高考江苏卷)—Iseveryonehere?
—Notyet...Look,there________therestofourguests!
A.comeB.comes
C.iscomingD.arecoming
解析:选A。句意:——都到了吗?——还没有……看,其余的客人过来了!本句中there放在句首,句子采用了倒装句式,谓语动词应该根据句子的主语therestofourguests来判断,B项和C项为第三人称单数形式可排除;
D项用于进行时态表示将来的动作,不合题意,可排除;A项谓语动词与主语一致,故答案为A。
★29.(2010年高考陕西卷)Johnopenedthedoor.There________hehadneverseenbefore.
A.agirldidstand
B.agirlstood
C.didagirlstand
D.stoodagirl
解析:选D。句意:约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的姑娘。本题考查倒装句型。当there,here,away,down等副词置于句首且主语为名词时,要用完全倒装形式。所以D选项正确。
★30.(2009年高考福建卷)Foramomentnothinghappened.Then________allshoutingtogether.
A.voiceshadcome
B.camevoices
C.voiceswouldcome
D.didvoicescome
解析:选B。句意:那会儿,什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装结构,副词then,away,out,in等置于句首,且主语是名词时,主谓要全部倒装。
2 ItisbelievedbymanypeopletohavebeengraduallycoveredoverbysandstormsfromAD200toAD500.(P43) 很多人相信,它是在公元200年至公元500年之间被风沙渐渐覆盖了。
句中it指的是楼兰古城,tohavebeengraduallycoveredover是动词不定式的被动式,使用了完成时态,表示“被覆盖”。
①Anotherearthsatelliteisreportedtohavebeenputintoorbit.据报道又有一颗地球卫星被发射到预定轨道。
归纳拓展
(1)“Sb./Sth.ishoped/said/reported/believed+不定式”结构中,不定式可以是一般式、完成式、进行式等不同的形式。
(2)“Sb./Sth.ishoped/said/reported/believed+不定式”结构可以转化为it作形式主语,that从句为真正主语的形式。
Itisreportedthat...据报道……
Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……
Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……
Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……
Itisthoughtthat...人们认为……
②Heissaidtobeworkinginthatcompany.
据说他正在那家公司工作。
③Heissaidtohaveworkedinthatcompany.
据说他在那家公司工作过。
④Heissaidtoworkinthatcompany.
据说他要到那家公司去工作。
如果使用表示“建议”“命令”“要求”的动词的过去分词如suggested,ordered,required等时,that从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
⑤Itisrequiredthatthearticle(should)behandedinbeforeFriday.
老师要求文章在星期五之前交上。
31.句型转换
(1)It’sbelievedthatHelenisJohn’swifeinlaw.
→Helen________________________________John’swifeinlaw.
答案:isbelievedtobe
(2)Itissaidthatthebookhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.
→Thebookissaid________________________________intoseverallanguages.
答案:tohavebeentranslated
★32.(2011年东北三校一模)CaoCao’stombisreported________inAnyang,whichattractsnationwideattention.
A.beingfound B.tobefound
C.havingbeenfoundD.tohavebeenfound
解析:选D。句意:据报道,安阳发现了曹操墓,引起了全国(民众)的关注。前半句是“It’sreportedthatCaoCao’stombhasbeenfoundinAnyang”的另外一种表达方式,表示该动作已经发生,所以用不定式的完成形式。
3 NotonlywasRomeacityandarepublic,butitwasalsotobecomethecapitalofoneofthelargestempiresinhistory.(P58)
罗马不仅是个城市和共和国,它也注定成为历史上最大帝国之一的首都。
notonly置于句首时用部分倒装。
①NotonlydidtheteacherstakepartintheEnglisheveningparty,butalsotheysangattheparty.
老师们不但参加了英语晚会,而且在晚会上唱了歌。
归纳拓展
(1)notonly...butalso...连接两个并列主语时,遵循“就近原则”,即谓语动词的数与靠得最近的主语的数保持一致。
(2)notonly...butalso...连接并列的两个分句时,若notonly放在句首,则它引导的分句要用倒装结构。
(3)但是如果notonly...butalso...连接两个并列主语,就不用倒装结构。
(4)notonly...butalso...中的also可以省略。
②NotonlyhebutalsoIamastudent.
不但他是学生,我也是。
③Notonlydidhesayso,butalsohedidso.
他不仅这样说,也这样做了。
④Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenfined,butalsohehadbeensenttoprison.
这个可怜的人不仅被罚款,而且还被送进了监狱。
⑤Notonlyyourpossessionsbutalsoyourlifewillbelost.
不仅你的财产,而且你的生命也将失去。
33.(2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ)Thecomputerwasusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly________,butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinthelessons.
A.savedwasteachers’energy
B.wasteachers’energysaved
C.teachers’energywassaved
D.wassavedteachers’energy
解析:选B。句意:电脑被应用于教学中。这样不仅节省了老师的精力,而且也使学生对课堂更感兴趣了。此题考查倒装结构。表否定意义的notonly置于句首时,后面所跟分句要部分倒装,故选B项。
★34.(2011年江苏丹阳一模)Smithwasoverweight,sothedoctorurgedthatnotonly________havelessfatandmeat,butalsohe________.
A.shouldhe;takeexercise
B.oughthe;takeexercise
C.heshould;takesexercise
D.heought;takesexercise
解析:选A。句意:史密斯太胖了,所以医生极力主张他不仅要少吃点脂肪和肉,还要进行锻炼。表否定意义的notonly置于句首,后面所跟分句用部分倒装,所以选B。
35.完成句子
NotonlyyoubutalsoI________fitforthejob.
不但你而且我也适合这项工作。
答案:am
作文指导
长句和短句的变换
长句含有许多修饰语,适合表达准确而复杂的思想,解释观点或理论,描写细致的事物;短句比较简洁、明快、有力,适合陈述重要的事实或想法。长句使文章富有气势,却容易产生语法错误,或者造成理解障碍;短句不容易出错,但是短句的堆砌容易让人感觉语言技巧不成熟、不老练。
在实际写作中,一味地采用长句或短句都是不可取的,要长短句交替使用。通常最简单而又适用于应试的长短句交错的方法是:以简单句为基础,配以适当的并列句和复合句。简单句可长可短,一般要加些附属成分,如分词短语、不定式短语、介词短语和副词短语等。
短句变长句
Liesdoharmtothosewhoarebeingtold.Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.Liesnotonlydoharmtothosewhoarebeingtold,butalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.
原来的两个句子之间存在明显的并列关系,因此应将其合二为一,改写成由“notonly...,butalso...”连接成的一个并列句,这样才更符合英语作为“形合语言”的特点。
Hisoverallperformancewasoutstandingandworkedextremelywellwithpeople.Healwaysproveshimselfhardworkingandmodest.Hisoverallperformancewasoutstandingandworkedextremelywellwithpeopleandhealwaysproveshimselfhardworkingandmodest.
原来的两个句子之间存在明显的并列关系,因此应将其合二为一,改写成由and连接成的一个并列句,这样才更符合英语作为“形合语言”的特点。
Inmostcountries,schoolscanbedividedintotwobroadcategories:publicschoolsandprivateschools.Publicschoolsarefinancedbythegovernmentandenrollbothboysandgirls.Themajorityofprivateschoolsaresinglesexeducationalestablishments.Inmostcountries,schoolscanbedividedintotwobroadcategories:publicschools,whicharefinancedbythegovernmentandenrollbothboysandgirls,andprivateschools,themajorityofwhicharesinglesexeducationalestablishments.
句子“Publicschoolsarefinancedbythegovernmentandenrollbothboysandgirls.”中的“publicschools”用which代替,并作为引导词变成非限制性定语从句;句子“Themajorityofprivateschoolsaresinglesexeducationalestablishments.”中的“privateschools”用which代替,变成了“themajorityofwhich”形式,这正是定语从句“介词of+which”结构。用了两个定语从句优化后,句子显得更有文采,而且更有气势。
长句变短句
长句固然能表达出复杂而缜密的思想,但如果片面追求复杂句式,华而不实,反而成为表达的累赘。
写作中句子的长短应根据表达的需要,有话则长,无话则短。短句不仅指句子长度较短,也指句子内部结构精练。简洁是一个重要的原则,用词累赘是写作的大忌。
Hisfather,whoisasalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.Hisfather,asalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.
优化后的句子用同位语代替了原句中的定语从句,从而起到了精简句子的作用。