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高中生物一轮复习教案

发表时间:2021-01-05

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4Globalwarming(选修六)。

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高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4Globalwarming(选修六)

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.consequence/result/effect/outcome2.glance/gaze/glare/stare

词形

变化

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陈述,说明

statementn.声明,阐述4.environmentn.环境

environmentaladj.周围的,环境的

environmentalistn.环境保护主义者

重点

单词

1.phenomenonn.現象

2.tendvt.趋向,往往是;照管,护理

3.statevt.声明,陈述

4.rangen.行列,范围;vt.排列,归类于

5.averageadj.平均的

6.existencen.生存

7.advocate倡导,拥护

8.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢复,更新

9.contributionn.捐献,贡献,投稿

重点

词组

comeabout发生quantitiesof大量的resultin导致beopposedto反对

onbehalfof代表……一方putupwith忍受;容忍solongas只要

重点句子

1.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.

这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫“温室”气体,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

重点语法

it的用法(II)(见语法专题)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).consequence/result/effect/outcome

consequence强调因某件事而引起的后果,有时带贬义。

result普通用语,指某行动,计划或事件带来的最终结果。

effect与相对,指动作行为带来的后果或效应。

outcome侧重某项活动,比赛的结果,结局

选择consequence/result/effect或outcome并用其适当的形式填空

1)The________ofthegamewasbeyondourexpectation.

2)The_________ofthemeetingwasthatnooneshouldbedismissed.

3)Theadvertisementshavemuch________onconsumers’choice.

4)In_________oflaziness,hewasfired.

Keys:1)outcome2)result3)effect4)consequence

2).glance/gaze/glare/stare看,注视

glance一瞥,匆匆一看,强调动作的短暂

gaze凝视,注视,因惊异或赞赏而长时间无意识地凝视某人或某事物

glare怒视,带有敌对或威胁的态度

stare盯着看,含有无礼或粗俗的意味。

选择glance/gaze/glare或stare,并用其适当的形式填空

1)Theystoodatthetopofthehill,_______atthesplendidsunset.

2)Themanager______atthedocumentandsigneddownhisname.

3)Thedog_____atthestrangerandbarked.

4)Don’t_______,it’srude!

Keys:1)gazing2)glanced3)glared4)stare

III词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陈述,说明

statementn.声明,阐述4.environmentn.环境

environmentaladj.周围的,环境的

environmentalistn.环境保护主义者

根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)The________pointedoutthatthechangeof________willcausecertaingreat________disaster.(environment)

2)Itwas______thatthenew-electedpresidentofU.S.Amadea________announcingnewpoliciestoreducetheconsequenceofeconomycrisis.(state)

3)ThoughthetwoPartyusually_______witheachother,theyhavereachedan________onthelevelsofgreenhousegasestheywillallow.(agree)

4)Inthesurvey,peoplefounditfunnythatmanyofthelongest-lastingmarriagesin______arethosebetweenpeoplewho________infrequentquarrel.(exist)

keys:1)environmentalist;environment;environmental2)stated;statement3)disagree;agreement4)existence;exist

IV重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.phenomenonn.現象;奇迹,罕见的人才或事物phenomena(pl.)

[典例]

1)Rainandsnowarephenomenaoftheweather.雨雪是天气现象。

2)Beethovenwasaphenomenonamongmusicians.贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。

3)thephenomenaofnature自然现象

4)asocialphenomenon社会现象

[练习]汉译英

1)月蚀是一种罕见的现象。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2)你能向我解释下这一奇怪的自然现象吗?

________________________________________________________________________________________

3)尽管中途退出了2008年奥运会,刘翔依然是跨栏项目的罕见的人才。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Aneclipseofthemoonisararephenomenon.2)Couldyouexplaintomethestrangenaturalphenomenon?

3)Thoughquittinginthe2008BeijingOlympicGames,LiuXiangisstillaphenomenoninhurdleracing.2.tendvt.趋向,往往是;照管,护理

[重点用法]

tendencyn.趋向,倾向(常与to/towards连用)

[典例]

1)Mostofboystendtoenjoyplayingbasketball.大部分男孩都喜欢打篮球。

2)Theolderwomentendtobelieveinstrangerseasily.老人更容易轻信陌生人。

3)AteamofmedicalworkersweresenttotendthesurvivorsofwenchuanEarthquake.

一组医护人员被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。

4)Nowadaysthereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoshoponinternet.如今人们网上购物有增加的趋势

[练习]汉译英

1)处于压力下的人更容易发挥自己的全部潜能。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)当老板不在时请他照看一个商店

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Peopleunderstresstendtodeveloptheirfullrangeofpotential.2)Hewasrequiredtotendastoreintheownersabsence.3.statevt.声明,陈述n.状况,情况;国家

[重点用法]

state+名词/that从句/wh-从句

statementn.声明,陈述

[典例]

1)Sheisinaterriblestatetoday.她今天心情不好。

2)theheadofstate国家首脑

3)Hehaspubliclystatedhissupportforthepolicy.他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。

[练习]汉译英

1)合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thecontractstatedwhentheworkshouldbefinished.2)Iheardtheofficialstatethattheywould

notacceptchildren.4.rangen.行列,范围;vt.排列,归类于

[重点用法]

beyondtherangeof…超越……的范围

outofone’srange某人达不到的

rangeoneself站在……的方面

rangefrom…to…/between…and…从……到……不等

[练习]根据汉语提示,补全英语句子。

1)Theshopkeeps____________________(商品品种多).

2)_____________(年龄范围)isfromsixtotwelveyearsold.

3)Thetemperature__________________________(在15度到35度之间).

4)Weshould_______________(列身于;站在……的方面)onthesideoflawandorder.

Keys:1)awiderangeofgoods2)Theagerange3)rangesfrom15to35degrees4)rangeourselves5.averageadj.平均的;一般的,普通的,中等的n.平均,平均数

[典例]

1)Hisaverageresultofthisthreesubjectsis96.他三科的平均成绩是96。

2)Theaverageof4,8,and60is24。4、8和60的平均数是24。

[重点用法]

abovetheaverage高于平均水平

belowtheaverage在一般水平以下

ontheaverage平均,按平均数计算;一般地说

[练习]汉译英

1)他在我们班处于中等位置。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)这一地区农民的收入高于全省的平均水平。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Heisanaveragestudentinourclass.2)Theincomeofthefarmersinthisareaisabovetheaverageoftheprovince.6.existencen.生存

[典例]

1)Anythinginexistenceisreasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。

2)Inthemiddleage,noonedoubtedabouttheexistenceofGod中世纪时没人怀疑上帝的存在

[重点用法]

inexistence存在

existv.存在

[练习]汉译英

1)富裕和贫穷同时存在于这个世界里。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)人们认为他是这个世界上最好心的人。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Wealthandpovertyexistatthesametimeintheworld.2)Heisbelievedtobethekindestpersoninexistence.7.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢复,更新

[典例]

1)Whentired,youcanrefreshyourselfwithacupoftea困时喝杯茶提神

2)Refreshstoragebatteryincaseofbeingoutofenergyhalfway.给蓄电池充电以免半路没电。

3)Thehostrefreshedourteacups.主人又为我们斟茶。

[练习]汉译英

1)长时间工作后,一杯冰水使他精神振作。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)有时一件小东西也会唤起人们的记忆

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Acupoficywaterrefreshedhimafteralongtime’swork.2)Sometimes,asmallthingallcanrefreshyourmemoryV.词组

1.comeabout发生

1)Howdidthiscomeabout?这是怎么发生的?

2)IdontknowhowitcameaboutbutIvegotadentintherearofmycar.

我不知道是怎么回事,但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。

[短语归纳]

comealong出现,发生;

comeout出来,长出;

cometo达到;

cometooneself苏醒,醒悟;

comeupwith赶上,提出

Itsalready10oclock.Iwonderhowit____________thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.

A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup

答案与分析:C。考查动词come构成的短语。A为“过去”;B为“出来”;D为“出现,到来”;

为“发生”。

2.quantitiesof大量的

[典例]

1)Beforetheyenteranentranceexamination,theyhavetodoquantitiesofexercise.

在参加入学考试前,他们得做大量的练习。

2)Hedrinkslargequantitiesofwatereveryday.他每天都喝大量的水。

[短语归纳]

A(large)quantityof/quantitiesof+名词(可数/不可数)

Amountof/amountsof+不可数名词

注意:以上短语修饰名词充当主语时,由quantity/amount的单复数决定谓语的单复数。

[练习]汉译英

1)桌上摆满大量的食物。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)在这个地区仅提供少量的牛奶

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Largequantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.2)Onlyasmallquantityofmilkisofferedinthisarea.3.resultin导致

1)Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackofconcentration.紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。

2)Actingbeforethinkingalwaysresultsinfailure.做事不先考虑总会导致失败.

3)Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopeople.这场意外事故造成两人死亡。

4)Excessivedosageofthisdrugcanresultininjurytotheliver.这种药使用过量会损害肝脏。

[短语归纳]

leadto作“导致”

resultfrom由...产生;

asresult因此;结果;

asaresultof作为...的结果;由于...

withoutresult无效地,毫无结果地;

[练习]根据汉语提示,补全英语句子。(每空一词)

1)结果他们拯救了这座森林里90%的树木。

_______________,theysaved90%ofthetreesintheforest.

2)我一直在想法打开箱子,但到现在这没有没打开。

Ivebeentryingtoopenthebox,but__________sofar.

3)此项工程的搁置已导致了6个人被解雇。

Theshelvingoftheprojecthave__________sixredundancy.

4)她勤奋苦读,终于进了中山大学。

_______________ofherhardworkwasaplaceatZhongshanUniversity.

Keys:1)Asaresult2)withoutresult3)resultedin4)Asaresult4.beopposedto反对

1)AllthestatesinUNwereopposedtothewarlaunchedbyIsrael.所有的联合国成员国都反对以色列发起的这场战争。

2)ManyresidentsinGuangzhouareopposedtotheplanoftearingdowntheoldbuildings.

广州许多居民反对拆毁旧房子的计划。

[短语归纳]

表示反对:disagreewith;objectto;beagainst

表示赞成:agreewith;beinfavourof;befor

[练习]汉译英

1)热爱和平的人们都反对核反应。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)我们赞成她升为总裁

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Peoplelovingpeaceareopposedtonuclearweapon.2)Weareinfavorofherpromotiontopresident.5.onbehalfof代表……一方

1)Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight,butlwanttothankyouonhisbehalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前来,我代表他向你们致谢。

2)Weattendedtheglobalconferenceonbehalfofourcountry.

[练习]汉译英

1)很荣幸在这儿代表我的学校演出。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)那个英雄的妻子代替她死去的丈夫接受了这枚勋章。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)I’mgreatlyhonoredtoputonperformancehereonbehalfofmyschool.2)Thehero’swifeacceptedthemedalonbehalfofherdeadhusband.6.putupwith忍受;容忍

1)Imnotgoingtoputupwiththis!我再也受不了啦!

2)Wehavetoputupwithherbadtemper.我们只得忍受她的坏脾气。

3)Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecantputupwithit.噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步。

[短语归纳]

putaside节省;putaway储存;putdown写下

putoff延期;putout熄灭;putup举起;

Tomwouldliketofindsomewheretoworkbecausehecannot_____theboss.

A.comeupwithB.catchupwithC.keepupwithD.putupwith

答案与分析:D。考查词组辨析。根据所给语境可知他无法“忍受”这个老板。A项表示“想出”

[练习]汉译英

1)在这种情况下,我们不得不忍受不便之处.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)不允许拖延付清帐单

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Inthatsituation,wehadtoputupwiththeinconvenience.2)Wearenotallowedtoputoffpayingthebills.7.solongas只要

1)Aslongasyoudontbetrayme,Illdowhateveryouaskmeto(do).

只要你不出卖我,要我做什么我都愿意。

2)Aslongaslive,Iwillhelpyou.只要我活着,我都会帮助你。

3)Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.如果你开车小心,你就会很安全。

4)Idontmindaslongasitdoesntrain.只要不下雨就行了。
[短语归纳]

onconditionthat…在……的条件下

[练习]汉译英

1)如果我挣到足够的钱,我就出国。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)只要你能给我们合适的原因,我们就会帮助你。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)IwillgoabroadonconditionthatIearnenoughmoney.2)Wewillhelpyouonconditionthat/aslongasyoucanofferustheproperreason.

VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫“温室”气体,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

[解释]one/all/every/each/part…ofwhich(whom)引导的定语从句,表示“他(它)们中的一个/所有/每/部分……”

[典例]

1)Ihavethreegoodfriends,allofwhomhaveemigratedtoU.S.A.我有三个好朋友,他们都移民美国了。

2)Herearemanykitties,twoofwhichareyellow.这有许多小猫,其中两只是黄色的。

[练习]汉译英

我有三个叔叔,其中最年轻的叔叔三年前去了澳洲.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Key:Ihavethreeuncles,theyoungestoneofwhomwenttoAustraliathreeyearsago.

二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

When1(compare)withmostnaturalchanges,thatthetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcenturyisquiteshocking.Andit’shumanactivity2hascausedthis3(全球的)warmingrather4arandombutnatural5(现象).DrJaniceFosterexplainsthatweaddhuge6ofextracarbondioxidetotheatmospherebyburningfossilfuels.Fromthesecond7(图表)andthediscoveryofCharlesKeeling,allscientistsbelievethattheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted8theincreaseincarbondioxide.Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildup.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbea9(灾难).Ontheotherhand,GeorgeHambley10(声明)thatmorecarbondioxidewouldencourageagreaterrangeofanimalsandbringusabetterlife.

答案:1.compared2.that3.global4.rather5.phenomenon

6.quantities7.graph8.in9.catastrophe10.states2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

通过文章我们得知,地球的温度正在上升。它也给我们展示不同的想法和根据数据图表分析全球气候变暖的原因,地球的温度和增加可能造成的影响。

Fromthepassageweknowthat______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Fromthepassageweknowthatthetemperatureoftheearthisrising.Italsoshowsusdifferentideasaboutglobalwarmingandanalyzesthecausesoftheearth’sincreasedtemperatureandthepossibleeffectsaccordingtothedatafromthegraphs.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫无疑问,地球是在变暖,而地球变暖正是人类活动导致而成,并非是一种无规律的自然现象。

[模仿要点]句子结构:thereisnodoubtthat…andthat…句式+itis…that强调句

毫无疑问,圣诞节的庆祝活动是一个很好的学习方式的西方文化;而且庆祝圣诞节,让我们的生活更有趣。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:ThereisnodoubtthatthecelebrationofChristmasisagoodwayoflearningthewesterncultureandthatitisthecelebrationofChristmasthatmakesourlifemoreinteresting.

毫无疑问,太多的电脑游戏会对学生的健康有不良影响,而且玩电脑太多花费他们太多的时间导致花在学习上的时间太少。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Thereisnodoubtthattoomanycomputergamescanhaveabadeffectonstudents’healthandthatitisplayingtoomuchcomputerthatcoststhemtoomuchtimeresultingintoolittletimeonstudy.2.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体,其中最重要的是二氧化碳。

[模仿要点]句子结构:主句,+themost+adj.of+which引导的定语从句

一些可能的措施应采取以防止我们的地球越来越热,而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家车的使用。_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Somepossibleactionsshouldbetakentokeepourearthfromgettingwarm,themostimportantoneofwhichistolimitstheuseofprivatecars.

一些良好的学习方法应采取以改善你的学习,而其中最有效的方法之一是与你的同学讨论。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Somegoodlearningmethodsshouldbeadoptedtoimproveyourstudy,themosteffectiveoneofwhichistodiscusswithyourclassmates.3.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。

[模仿要点]句子结构:宾语从句中的强调句

文章表明是人类的活动对村庄造成的环境破坏。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Thepassageindicatesthatitishuman’sactivitiesthathasresultedintheenvironmentaldestructiontothevillage.

我们都同意的是年轻一代应该负起振兴国家的责任。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Weallagreethatitistheyoungergenerationthatshouldtakeuptheresponsibilitytobuildupthecountry.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:161

完成时间:15分钟

难度:***

Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswords(密码)everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21loggedin(登录)?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga22.Allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto23yourPC.Nomore24,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.

Afterdoingalittleresearch,Ifoundthistypeof25alreadyavailabletoconsumersviaarelatively26applicationcalledFaceCode.The27requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.Youcanaddasmany28asyouwant,providedtheyeachhaveaWindowsaccount.Ifthesystem29torecognizeyour30,youcanrecalltheWindowsusernameandpasswordbyusingahot-keycombination.

21.A.automaticallyB.personallyC.correctlyD.occasionally

22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system

23.A.accessB.connectC.recognizeD.remember

24.A.simpleB.complicatedC.specialD.useful

25.A.computerB.technologyC.passwordD.application

26.A.independentB.infrequentC.inexpensiveD.instant

27.A.accountB.consumerC.designerD.software

28.A.usersB.passwordsC.systemsD.computers

29.A.beginsB.triesC.failsD.stops

30.A.accountB.nameC.passwordD.face

[答案解析]

21.A根据上下文可知,此处意思为:如果我们只需坐在电脑前而无需输入密码就可以自动登录该多好。A自动地;B个人的;C正确的;D偶尔的,临时的。

22.B由上文可知,因“用脸部识别技术来帮你登录”了,所以“不需要用密码”。

23.A由上文可知此处所选词的意思相当于上文中的login(登录),故选A,存取(信息),访问。

24.B由文章开头第—句话可知密码难记,同时根据本句中的并列词confusing(令人糊涂的,混乱的)可知答案为B(复杂的)。

25.B根据上文中提到的...usesfacerecognitiontechnology...可知。

26.C本句话的意思为通过使用一种叫做"FaceCode"的相对便宜的应用程序,用户就可以使用这种技术了。根据本句中availabletocustomers可以判断出此处强调的是价格。application在本句中为应用程序,应用软件的意思。

27.D根据上下文可知,此处所选的词意思相当于上句话中的application,故选D,程序系统,软件。

28.A根据下句话中的theyeachhaveaWindowsaccount可以判断出此处是指可以添加多个电脑用户。

29.Cfailto,在此表示couldn’t的词义。

30.D如果系统不能认出你的面孔,你还可以用热键组合来取回你的用户名和密码。

2语法填空

语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

词数:209

完成时间:8分钟

难度:***

DearSir

Beingcompletelydeafmyself,Ireadyourreportofthepoorconditionsofthedeafandmute(哑)whoweregatheringinNewYork31(beg).Isupposedthat32couldnothappenhereinAustralia.33,twoyearslater,IwashavingdinnerinarestaurantinSydney34apersonenteredandstartedhandingoutplasticjewellery(首饰)andanotetopeopleateachtable.Themainideaofthenotewas,"Iamunabletospeakand35(hear)inaworldofvoicesandmusic.36youkindlybuythesethings?"Whenhecametomytable,Iquestionedhim37signlanguage.Hewasalittlesurprised.Thenhesaidinalowvoice"donttalk"(whichIcouldreadfromhislipmovement)andmovedaway.

Pleasedonot38(take)inbythosepeople.Pleasedonotgivethemanymoney.Theyare39deafnorrepresentative(代表)ofthedeaf.Theymakeuseofpeoplespity,and40theyaredoingwilldoharmtoallthathasbeenachievedbythedeafinthelast20years-includingputtingthispracticetoanend.

Trulyyours,

JohnWilliams

答案:

31.begging32.it33.However34.when35.hear36.Would37.in38.betaken

39.neither40.what

31.begging,现在分词作伴随状语。

32.it,代词,代替前文提到的聋哑人聚在一起乞讨这回事。

33.However,表转折,“然而,可是”。

34.when,考查bedoingsthwhen.../beabouttodosth.when….的结构,表“正在/即将去做……突然/就在那时……”。

35.hear,and连接两个动词不定式tospeak和(to)hear。

36.Would,Wouldyouplease/kindlydosth?表客气婉转的请求。

37.in,介词,insighlanguage"用手势语”,表方式:

38.betaken,由该句中的by可知,此处考查动词的被动语态。

39.neither,neither…nor…是固定结构,表“既不……也不……;两者都不……”

40.what,考查由what引导的主语从句。3阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:343

完成时间:6分钟

难度:**

Thesedays,itseasytoflyacrossoceansforvacation.Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.Scientistsandhistorianshavelongbeenlookingforcluestoexplainwhocrossedwhichoceansfirst.WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesia(玻利尼西亚中太平洋群岛)andSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.

Afterstudyinganancientchickenbone,anthropologists(人类学家)fromtheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealandnowsaythatpeopleandchickenstraveledfromPolynesiatowhatisnowChile(智利)byabout620yearsago.Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica,butthePolynesianswouldhavebeenthefirsttogettherebysea.PrevioustheoriesclaimedthatEuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenssailedtoSouthAmericafirst--butthosevoyagersdidntarriveuntilaboutacenturylater.

In2002,archaeologistsdugup50chickenbonesfromasiteinChilecalledElArenal.TheteamfromNewZealandanalyzedonetothesebones.Accordingtotheircalculations,theboneisabout650yearsold.

Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.Theseislandsare6,000mileswestofChile.ThebonesfoundonthePolynesianislandsarebeen600and2,000yearsold.

ResultsofthecomparisonsshowedthatthechickenbonesfromboththePolynesianandSouthAmericansiteshadpartofDNAincommon.TheresearchersfoundthesamepartofDNAinfeathersoftwolivingchickensinChilethatbelongtoamodembreedthatlaysblueeggs.ThatDNAevidencesuggestsacloserelationshipamongthechickens.

"However,theweightofscientificevidenceisnowbehindthehypothesis(假设)thatitwasseafaring(航海)PolynesianswhosailedfromtheislandstoSouthAmericaandreturned,"saysarchaeologistPatrickV.KirchoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.

41.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ItwasdifficultforancientpeopletotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

B.ThefirstpeoplewholivedinChileandPolynesia.

C.ValuablechickenboneshavebeenfoundinChile.

D.Chickens--thefirsttotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

42.WhendidthefirstEuropeanexplorersreachSouthAmerica?

A.About620yearsago.B.About2.000yearsago.

C.About600yearsago.D.About520yearsago.

43.PeoplefoundthatchickenswereamongthefirsttotravelfromPolynesiatoSouthAmericaby___________.

A.comparingthecolorsofeggslaidbychickensfromthetwoplaces

B.comparingtheDNAofchickenbonesduguponthePolynesianislandsandthatofthechickenbonesfromSouthAmerica

C.studyingsomeprevioustheories

D.askingthenativesofSouthAmerica

44.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.EuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenswerethefirsttosailtoSouthAmerica.

B.ChickensinSouthAmericahavethesameancestorsasthoseinPolynesia.

C.Inancienttimes,a6,000-milechannelseparatedPolynesiafromSouthAmerica.

D.BeforethePolynesiansarrivedinSouthAmerica,theIncapeoplehadlivedthere.

45.Whywasitdifficultforpeopletotravelacrosstheoceansinancienttimes,accordingtothepassage?

1)Itwasdifficulttotakemanychickensasfood.

2)Peoplehaddifficultymakingcarefulanddetailedsailingplans.

3)Peoplelackedmapsandtheknowledgeofweatherforecasting.

4)Peoplehadtomakeboatsbyhand.

5)Ittookgreatdeterminationtocrossanocean.

A.1)4)5)B.2)3)4)C.2)4)5)D.1)2)3)

答案:

现在飞越海洋是一件轻而易举的事情,然而几个世纪以前渡过海洋需要周密的计划、人造船只和勇气。是谁最先渡过了哪个海洋一直是科学家和历史学家研究的话题,最近研究结果发现鸡可能也是最早渡过玻利尼西亚和南美之间的海洋的。

41.D。主旨大意题。本文在第一段点题,根据第一段第四句“WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.”并根据后面科学家对在玻利尼西亚群岛和南美洲挖出的鸡骨进行DNA鉴定等,可知D选项正确。

42.D。事实细节题。由文章第二段可知第一批从Polynesia到Chile的人是在大约620年前,而根据第二段最后一句可知,第一批欧洲人晚了大约一个世纪,因此他们是约在520年前到的南美洲的。

43.B。事实细节题。由文章倒数第三段“Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.”和倒数第二段可知科学家是通过对两地挖出的鸡骨进行DNA鉴定发现这个结果的。

44.D。事实细节题。由第二段第二句“Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica...”可知theIncapeople在玻利尼西亚人到达南美洲之前,已经在那里居住了。

45.C。事实细节题。由第一段“Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.”可知,跨海之旅要有计划、有船,而且还需要勇气,所以答案选择C。

4.读写任务

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文:

Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons.Firstofall,Iamagoodswimmer.Therefore,IaminterestedinallkindsofOlympicswimmingsports.Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons-theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.Mostimportantly,Ilikethegreatmusicandtheiramazingperformanceinwaterballet.WhenIwatchthisOlympicsport,Icanlearntheirprofessionaltechniquesinswimming.

Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.Armsectionsandfigures,similartothoseoffigureskating,arealsorequired,andallelementsmustbepresentedinaspecificorder.Becausesynchronized(同步的)swimmingroutinesrequireexceptionalbreathcontrol,judgesalsotakeintoconsiderationtheabilityoftheswimmerstopreservetheillusion(n.幻想)ofeffortlessnesswhileholdingtheirbreathforuptotwominutes.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括短文的要点。

2.然后以120个词写一篇英语短文谈谈你喜欢的体育运动项目,并包括如下要点:

1)你喜欢哪一种体育运动项目。

2)说明你的理由。

3)该体育运动项目对你的日常生活造成的某些影响和感想。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容.但不得直接引用原文中的句子;标题自定。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]概括准确。语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。

[写作辅导]

1.写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词:羽毛球badminton,排球volleyball,足球football,体操gymnastics,网球tennis,跳高highjumping,射击/射箭5hooung,游泳swimming,棒球baseball,最喜欢的favourite,表演performance,对……影响haveaneffectonsth/sb.

2.本文的概要必须包含以下要点:Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons./Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons-theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers./Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.

3.本文要注意,概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时,绝对不能抄袭原文的句子:文章中描述的是你喜欢哪一种体育运动项目和理由、感想等等,都属于评论性文字和结论性的观点,故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态:

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

IHaveFalleninDeepLovewithFootball

Intheabovepassage,thewritertellsusthereasonswhyhelikeswatergymnastics,suchastheamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.

FootballisaverypopularsportintheworldandIthinkIhavefallenindeeplovewithit,whichmakesmefeelsocrazy.Ihavespentlotsoftimedoingmanythingsrelatedtofootball,likewatchingfootballmatches,readingnewspapersandmagazines,searchingtheWebformoreinformationaboutfootball,whichcertainlydisturbsmynormalstudy.Icantconcentratesomuchonmylessons,fallingasleepinclassthenextdayandnotfinishingnayhomeworkontimethatIhavealmostlostinterestinmystudies.

HowshouldIdealwiththecontradictionbetweenmystudiesandhobbies?Somehelpfulsuggestionsareneeded.Meanwhile,IquiteregretthatIshouldnthavebeenaddictedtofootballsomuch.Maybe,Ixafillgetoutofthetroublewithmyeffortsandfallinlovewithmystudyagain.

延伸阅读

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit2Poems(选修六)


高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit2Poems(选修六)

一、语言要点

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.poem/poetry2.transform/change3.appropriate/suitable/fit

4.runout/runoutof

词形

变化

1.sorrown.悲哀,悲痛

sorrowfuladj.悲伤的

2.angern.怒,愤怒

angryadj.生气的,愤怒的

angrilyadv.愤怒地

3.translatev.翻译,转变为

translationn.翻译,译文

translatorn.翻译者

4.endingn.结尾,结局

endv.结束,终结,

endn.末端,尽头

重点

单词

1.aspectn.方面;样子;外表

2.conveyv.传达;运送

3.concreteadj.具体的

4.teasev.取笑;招惹;戏弄

5.patternn.模式;式样;图案

6.underlinev.在下面画线;强调

7.exchangev.交换,交流

8.sponsorn.赞助人;主办者vt.发起,举办,倡议

重点

词组

takeiteasy从容,不紧张,松懈,轻松makeupof(多用于被动)构成

tryout试验,考验,letout发出,泄露

重点句子

1.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereaderastrongimpression.Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.

2.Andsaidthoughstrangetheyallweretrue.

重点语法

虚拟语气(II)(见语法专题)

II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).poem/poetryn.诗歌

poem[C]诗歌,诗体文

poetry[U]诗歌的总称

选择poem或poetry并用其适当的形式填空

1)KeatsandShakespearearemastersofEnglish______.

2)Peoplewrite_________tomakeotherlaugh.

Keys:1)poetry2)poems

2).transform/changev.改变,变化

transform指“人、物在性质上或形态上发生彻底或基本的变化”

change指“使改变得与原物不同”或“使发生以新代旧的变化”

选择transform或change,并用其适当的形式填空

1)Heatcan__________waterintosteam.

2)Theappearanceofthetownisquite________.

Keys:1)transform2)changed

3)appropriate/suitable/fitadj.合适的,适当的

appropriate形容事物在特定的时间合适,或与特定场合协调一致。

suitable适合于某一特定目的或场合,正确的。(常可与appropriate互换)

fit指适合于某工作或用途等

选择appropriate/suitable或fit并用其适当的形式填空

1)Parentsarewarnednottobuybooksnot________fortheirchildren.

2)Suchashipis_______foracalmseaonly.

3)Ithinkthisisan_________momenttoraisethequestionofmypromotion.

4)Shepickedupadress________fortheoccasion.

Keys:1)suitable2)fit3)appropriate4)appropriate/suitable

4)runout/runoutof用完

runout不及物短语=beusedup

runoutof及物短语=useup

1)Halfofamonthlater,oursuppliesfinally_______.

2)Afteralongdistancedriving,we________petrol.

Keys:1)ranout2)ranoutof

III词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.sorrown.悲哀,悲痛

sorrowfuladj.悲伤的

2.angern.怒,愤怒

angryadj.生气的,愤怒的

angrilyadv.愤怒地

3.translatev.翻译,转变为

translationn.翻译,译文

translatorn.翻译者

4.endingn.结尾,结局

endv.结束,终结,

endn.末端,尽头

根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)ThewholecountrymournedthedeathinWencuanearthquakeingreat_______.Itwasunbearabletoseethe_______eyesofthemourningpeople.(sorrow)

2)Inordertobringinadvancedthoughtofeducationfromforeigncountry,hedecidedtobea______andhas________hundredsofbooksfromEnglishintoChinesesofar.His________ofsomegreatworksispopularamongteachers.(translate)

3)Thecustomerrushedintothemanager’soffice_______andrequiredarefund.Tohisgreat_____,themanagernotonlyrefusedtodosobutalsocalledthesecurityguards.(angry)

4)---Howdidthefilmyousawyesterday_____?---Oh,ithadahappy______.Theboykilledthemonsterandsavedallhisfamilyinthe_______.(ending)

Keys:1)sorrow;sorrowful2)translator;translated;translation3)angrily;anger4)end;ending;end

IV重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.aspectn.方面;样子;外表

[典例]

1)Youarelookingatonlyoneaspectoftheproblem.你只是看到问题的一个方面。

2)Theyconsideredtheplaninallitsaspects.他们考虑了计划的各个方面。

[练习]根据意思补全句子。

(1)Youareright_______(在这个方面).

(2)Iaminterestedin________(自然科学的各个方面).

Keys:(1)inthisaspect(2)allaspectsofscience2.conveyv.传达;运送

[典例]

1)Theworkersarebusyinconveyingthesuppliestothewarehouse

工人们正忙于把物资运送到仓库

2)Icantconveymyfeelingsinwords.我的情感难以言表。

3)Theambassadorpersonallyconveyedthepresidentsmessagetothepremier.

大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。

Agoodteachermustknowhowto__________hisideas.

A.conveyB.displayC.consultD.confront

[解析]本句译为:一个好的教师必须知道怎样传达他的思想。convey传达(表达),转达,

Display显示,显露,consult咨询,请教,confront处理,解决。

[答案]A

[练习]汉译英

1)用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)你得将这消息通知他否则他就要离开这个城市了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

3)有时我们很难清晰地表达自己的意愿。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Passengersareconveyedbybustotheairterminal.2)Youshouldconveytheinformationtohim

assoonaspossibleorhewillleavethecity.3)Sometimeswefoundithardtoconveyourownwill.3.concreteadj.具体的n.混凝土;凝结物

[典例]

1)Youneedtoofferconcreteevidencestosupportyouridea.你需要用具体的事实支持你的想法。

2)Concreteisverystrongandisusedinmanymodernbuildings.

混凝土很结实,经常被用在许多现代建筑物中。

[练习]汉译英

1)书和黑板都是具体的东西。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)城市中大多建筑物是用混凝土和钢筋建成的。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Booksandblackboardsareconcreteobjects.2)Mostofthebuildingsincityaremadeofconcreteandsteel.4.teasev.取笑;招惹;戏弄

[典例]

1)It’snotpolitetoteasethedisabled.取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。

2)Nobodylikestobeteasedaboutanyshortcoming.没有人会喜欢被别人嘲笑自己的缺点。

[同义短语]

laughat/makefunof/playjokeson/playtrickon

[练习]汉译英

1)别招惹这只小狗,否则它会对你不客气。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)戏弄别人是很不礼貌的。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Don’tteasethedog,oritwillattackbacktoyou.2)Teasingothersisnotgoodmanners.5.patternn.模式;式样;图案

[典例]

1)Agoodtailorcanmakeadresswithoutapattern.好的裁缝不用纸样就能做衣服。

2)Sheisapatternofalltheclassmates.她是所有同学的典范。

[练习]汉译英

1)花图案在乡村是非常受欢迎的。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)她已经习惯了家庭生活的新方式。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theflowerpatternisverypopularinvillages.2)Shehasgotusedtothenewpatternsoffamilylife.6.underlinev.在下面画线;强调

[典例]

1)Whilereadingthearticle,youshouldunderlinesomesentencespuzzlingyou.

阅读时,你应该将让你感到疑惑的句子划下来。

2)Payattentiontotheunderlinedparts.注意划线的部分。

3)Theteacherunderlinedthedisciplinethefirstdaywewenttoschool.

开学第一天,老师就给我们强调了纪律。

[练习]汉译英

1)父母强调了当他们外出时,孩子应该注意的事情。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)秘书为老板划出了今天最急于解决的事务。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theparentsunderlinedsomepointsthatshouldbepaidattentiontoforthechildwhentheywereabsent.

2)Thesecretaryunderlinedthemosturgentaffairstodayforherboss.7.exchangev.交换,交流n.交换,交流,交易

[典例]

1)exchangeChristmasgifts交换圣诞节礼物

2)exchangeexperience交流经验

3)exchangegreetings互相问候

4)exchangeseatswithsb.与某人调换一个座位

5)anexchangeofviews交换意见

6)exchangeprofessor交流讲学教授

7)exchangestudent(两国间)交换的留学生

[重点用法]

exchangesth.forsth.把…换成…

exchangesth.withsb.和某人互换

[练习]汉译英

1)我下周要出国旅游了,所以得去银行把人民币兑换成美金。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)这两个队伍公开交流意见。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Iamgoingtotravelabroad,soIgotoexchangesomeRMBfordollarsinbank.2)Thereisan

openexchangeofideasbetweentwoteams.8.sponsorn.赞助人;主办者vt.发起,举办,倡议

[典例]

1)TheexhibitionwassponsoredbytheSocietyofCulture.这个展览会是由文化学会主办的。

2)Haveyoufoundoutthesponsorofourbasketballmatch.你找到我们篮球比赛的赞助商了吗?

[练习]汉译英

1)在主办方的帮助下,我们成功地举办了这次酒会。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)志愿者发起了一项保护野生动物的活动。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Withthehelpofsponsor,wemanagedtoholdacocktailParty.2)Thevolunteerssponsoredan

activitytoprotectwildlife.

V重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.takeiteasy从容,不紧张,松懈,轻松

[典例]

1)Thereisenoughtime.Takeiteasy.别紧张,还有足够的时间。

2)IwanttotakeiteasywhenIamonholiday.假期我想好好放松下。

[短语归纳]

takethingseasy不紧张;轻松轻松从容不迫地进行工作

Imeasy.我随便[好办]。

[练习]汉译英

1)慢慢走。路面都结冰了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)爷爷明年将会退休,可以多休息了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Takeiteasy.Theroadsareicy.2)Mygrandfatherwillretirenextyearandcantakethingseasy.2.makeupof(多用于被动)构成

[典例]

1)Thecommitteeismadeupof12members.这个委员会由12名成员构成。

2)Ourclassismadeupof45studentsand7teachers.我们班是由45名学生和7位老师构成的。

[短语归纳]

consistof由……组成(不能用于被动)

bemadeof用……材料制成(可见材料)

bemadefrom用……材料制成(看不见材料)

make…into..把…作成…

[练习]汉译英

1)他很快地就把这些木材造出一条船.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)长城是由石头和砖头砌成的.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

3)物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Hemadethewoodintoaboatquickly.2)TheGreatWallismadeofstonesandbricks.3)

Substancesconsistofsmallparticlescalledmolecules.3.tryout试验,考验,

[典例]

1)Thegovernmentaretryingoutanewmethodtosolvetheeconomycrisis.

2)Let’stryoutthenewtypewriter.

[短语归纳]

tryon试穿

carryout实施

[练习]汉译英

1)她参加了主角选拔表演赛。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)新政策上周已经实行。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

3)在发射神州七号前,科学家们十分认真地对其进行了测试。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Shetriedoutforthelead.2)Thenewpolicyhasbeencarriedoutsincelastweek.3)The

scientiststriedouttheShenzhouVIIverycarefullybeforeitwassenttospace.4.letout发出,泄露

[典例]

1)Sheletoutacryofsurprise.她发出惊讶的声音。

2)Shepromisedthatshewouldnotletouttheplantothepress.她答应不会向新闻方面泄露这个计划。

[短语归纳]

leaveout省去,遗漏,不考虑

bringout使显示,出版,

makeout理解,辨认出

[练习]汉译英

1)毒气泄露并引发了极大的惊慌。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2)老师再次强调同学们在听讲座时不能漏掉重点。

________________________________________________________________________________________

3)这个笔迹有点模糊但我还是可以辨认出来。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepoisonousgasletoutandcausedagreatpanic.2)Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnotleaveoutanyimportantdetailswheninthelecture.3)ThehandwritingisalittlevaguebutIcanstillmakeitout.

VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereaderastrongimpression.Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.

有的诗歌以一种令读者印象深刻的方式讲述故事或描述事情。而有些诗歌是为了传递某些情感。

[解释]some…others…一些……而另一些…

[典例]Inthesummercamp,somemembersarefromAfrica.OthersarefromAsia.夏令营活动中,有些营员来自非洲,有些来自亚洲。

[练习]汉译英

1)讨论过程中。有些人同意这个计划,有些人反对。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)比赛过程中,这支团队合作很好。他们中一些人进行策划,一些人收集信息;而另些人却在准

备他们的演说词。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Inthediscussion,somepeopleagreedwiththeplan,whileotherswereagainst.

2)Thegroupcooperatedwellinthecourseofthecompetition.Someofthemmadetheplan;someofthem

collectedtheinformation;otherspreparedfortheirspeech.2.Andsaidthoughstrangetheyallweretrue.而且说,虽然奇怪,但它们都是真的。

[解释]thoughstrange是省略句,在句中充当让步状语。相当于thoughtheywerestrange。

在一些状语从句中,如时间,条件,让步状从中,如果从句的主语与主句主语一致或者为it,而且从句的谓语部分有动词be,就可以把从句的主语和动词be连同省略。

[典例]

1)Wheneverindifficulty(=wheneveryouareindifficulty),don’thesitatetoaskmeforhelp.

无论什么时候有困难,都不要犹豫,立即找我帮忙。

2)Ifnecessary,IwillleaveforGuangzhoutohelpyou.如果有必要,我回去广州帮你。

[练习]汉译英

1)他在困难中遇上了许多好心人。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)虽然被骗了许多次,她还是很轻易相信陌生人。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Whenindifficulty,hemetmanykindpersons.

2)Thoughcheatedmanytimes,sheisstilleasytobelievestrangers.

二、课文要点

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

Therearevariousreasons1peoplewritepoetry.Some2(诗歌)givethereaderastrongimpression.Otherstryto3(传达)certainemotions.Inthistext,somesimpleformsofEnglishpoemsareintroduced.Such4nurseryrhymes,whichmayseem5(concretely),buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.Listpoemshavea6(灵活的)linelengthandrepeatedphrases.Studentscanalsowritethecinquanin,apoem7(make)upoffivelines.HaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrywith17syllables.Englishspeakersalso8(翻译)TangpoemsintoEnglish.9somanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,studentsmay10(eventual)wanttowritepoemsoftheirown.

答案:1.why2.poems3.convey4.as5.concrete

6.flexible7.made8.translate9.With10.eventually2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。

本文概述人们写诗的原因,并列举5种简单英语诗歌的特点,形式的,包括这些诗歌的例子。

Thepassagetalksabout_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________答案:ThepassagetalksaboutthereasonswhypeoplewritepoetryandoutlinesthecharacteristicsoffivesimpleformsofEnglishpoems,includingexamplesoftheseforms.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)

1.Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes,childrenlearnaboutlanguage.通过童谣中的文字游戏,孩子们学习了语言。

[模仿要点]句子结构:bydoing(作状语),+主句

通过很多练习,你可以提高你的英语发音。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Bypracticingalot,youcanimproveyourEnglishpronunciation.

通过双方的共同努力,我们可以享受温暖的师生关系。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Bymakingjointefforts,wecanenjoyawarmrelationshipbetweenteachersandstudents.2.Anothersimpleformofpoemthatstudentscaneasilywriteisthecinquain,apoemmadeupoffivelines.另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的,叫五行诗。

[模仿要点]句子结构:同位语

另一个人们赞成“福娃”,那五个2008年奥运会吉祥物,的英文名字的原因是它的拼音翻译。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Anotherreasonwhypeopleshowfavourof“Fuwa”,theEnglishnameoffivemascotsofthe2008Olympics,isitspinyintranslation.

另一个我们能帮助保护我们的生存环境的努力是对塑料袋,一种难溶解的物质,使用的禁止。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Anothereffortsthatwecanmaketohelpprotectourlivingenvironmentisabanontheuseofplasticbags,akindofmaterialhardtobedegraded.

3.Withthese,studentscanconveyastrongpictureinjustafewwords.用五行诗,学生可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面。

[模仿要点]句子结构:with+N.(作状语)

共同努力,我们可以创造一个和谐的社会。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Withthejointefforts,wecanmakeaharmonysociety.

在他的指导下,我们用一种更好的方法解决了这个问题。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Withhisinstruction,weworkouttheprobleminabetterway.

4.Itiseasytowriteand,likethecinquain,cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingtheminimumofwords.它容易写,而且像五行诗一样,它可以用最少的词语呈现一幅清晰的画面,表达出一种特殊的感情。

[模仿要点]句子结构:Itis+adj.todosth,like+N./doing+谓语

网上畅游很容易,像网上购物,能省很多从这家店到那家店的时间。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:ItisconvenienttosurfontheInternetand,likeshoppingonline,cansaveyoulotsoftimegoingfromoneshoptoanother.

收集东西好有趣,像收集邮票,在找出它们的历史和意义的同时可以学到很多东西。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案:Itisinterestingtocollectthings,andlikecollectingstamps,cangiveyoulotsofknowledgefindingoutthehistoryandthemeaningofthem.

三、单元自测

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:180

完成时间:14分钟

难度:***

Agroupofalumni(校友)gottogethertovisittheirolduniversityprofessor.Their21soonturnedintocom-plaintsaboutthe22theyfaceinworkandinlife.Theprofessorthenbroughtoveralargepotofcoffeeand23cups--porcelain(瓷器),plastic,glass,crystal,someplain-looking,someexpensive,somenice-looking–tellingthemtohelpthemselvestothecoffee.

Whenallthestudentshadhelpedthemselvestoacupofcoffee,theprofessorsaid,“Ifyouhadntnoticed,allthenice-lookingexpensivecupswere24,leavingbehindtheplainandcheapones.Whileitis25foryoutowantonlythebestforyourselves,thatisthe26ofyourstress.Whatallofyou27wantedwascoffee,notthecup,28youconsciously(有意识地)wentforthebestcups.”

Lifeisthecoffee.Jobs,moneyandpositionarethecups.Theyarejusttoolstohold29,anddonotchangethequalityoflife.Sometimes,by30onlyonthecup,wefailtoenjoythecoffee.

21.A.argumentB.quarrelC.conversationD.debate

22.A.failureB.stressC.hardshipD.misfortune

23.A.lovelyB.variousC.strangeD.classical

24.A.setbackB.movedupC.takenupD.putaside

25.A.importantB.normalC.oppositeD.rare

26.A.excuseB.conditionC.resultD.source

27.A.nearlyB.reallyC.usuallyD.certainly

28.A.andB.soC.butD.thus

29.A.lifeB.courageC.happinessD.complaint

30.A.operatingB.basingC.concentratingD.depending

答案:

人们总是会从各种各样的咖啡杯里选择最好看最昂贵的,就好像人们在生活中总是为自己寻求最好的东西,而这就是人们产生压力的原因。人生就是咖啡杯里的咖啡,我们应该去享受咖啡的美好味道,而不是把自己的精力集中在为自己挑选漂亮的杯子。重要的是咖啡,而不是容器。

21.C。根据下文的“…complaintsaboutthe22inworkandinlife.”可知他们是在谈话。

22.B。根据下文的“…thatisthe26ofyourstress.”可知他们是在抱怨生活中的压力。

23.B。根据下文的描述可知有各种各样的咖啡杯。

24.C。根据下文的“…leavingbehindtheplainandcheapones.”可知便宜的、不好看的咖啡杯都剩下了,而昂贵漂亮的咖啡杯都被人拿起来用了。

25.B。每个人都选择昂贵漂亮的咖啡杯,这符合人性的特点,所以这是很正常的事情。

26.D。根据上文的“Whileitis25foryoutowantonlythebestforyourselves…”可知教授在解释说这就是人们产生压力的起源。

27.B。教授的意思是“你们真正想要的是咖啡”。

28.C。你们真正想要的是咖啡却有意识地选择好的杯子,上下文为转折关系。

29.A。从上文“Lifeisthecoffee.”以及下面的“…anddonotchangethequalityoflife.”可知答案为A。

30.C。上文提示。从上文人们只注意咖啡杯的细节可知此处意为人们只把注意力放在杯子上而没有珍惜生命本质的东西。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

词数:142

完成时间:8分钟

难度:**

Peoplearenotashonestastheyoncewere.Thetemptation(诱惑)tostealisgreater31everbeforeespeciallyinlargeshops.Adetectiverecentlywatchedawell-dressedwoman32alwayswentintoalargestoreonMondaymorning.33Monday,therewerefewerpeopleintheshopthanusual34thewomancamein,soitwaseasierforthedetective35(watch)her.Thewomanfirstboughtafewsmallarticles.Afteralittle6me,shechoseoneof36(expensive)dressesintheshopandhandedittoanassistantwhowrappeditupforherasquickly37possible.Thenthewomansimplytookitandwalkedoutoftheshop38paying.Whenshe39(catch),thedetectivefoundoutthattheshop-assistantwasherdaughter.Thcgirl"gave"hermotherafreedressonce40week.

答案:

31.than32.who/that33.One34.when35.towatch36.themostexpensive37.as

38.without39.wascaught40.a

31.than.greaterthan是形容词的比较级结构:

32.who,who引导的限制性定语从句:

33.One,oneMonday表一个星期天:

34.when,考查由when引导的时间状语从句:

35.towatch,考查Itis+adj+todosth.的句型结构,其中todosth.作真正的主语:

36.themostexpensive,从上下文可知,此处是“最昂贵的衣服之一”:

37.as,as+adj原级十aspossible是固定搭配,“尽可能地……;”

38.without.Withoutpaying指没有付钱;

39.wascaught.考查动词的被动语态结构,“被抓”:

40.a,onceaweek指每星期一次.

3阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

词数:269

完成时间:6分钟

难度:***

WASHINGTON/NEWYORK-USPresidentBushsaidonMondaythathewantedOsamabinLaden"deadoralive"forlastweeksattacksontheWorldTradeCenterandthepentagon,butmanyofWashingtonsalliesarecoolonstrikesagainstAfghanistan.

BushhasnamedSaudi-bornmilitantOsamabinLadenasaprimesuspect,thoughhehasprovidednoevidenceforhisclaim.Still,hehadbeenbuildingpublicsupportformilitaryactionandhaswarnedAfghanistansTalibantogiveupBinLaden.

ButtheTaliban,whichhaswarnedof"holywar"inresponsetoanyUSattack,byTuesdayafternoonhadgivennoindicationofwhetherthemantheycalltheir"guest"wouldbehandedover.

On,anunprecedented"Dayofterror",twoplanessmashedintoNewYorksWorldTradeCentertwintowersonSeptemberll,puttingthemintoruinswhileexplosionsrockedthePentagoninWashington,andtheWhiteHouseandStateDepartmentwereevacuated(疏散).Theattackshaveleftmorethan5,000peopledeadormissing.

Chinahassaiditisreadytojoininternationaleffortsinfighting"terrorism"butinsistedthatpeace,notwar,isthebestoption(选项).

InLondon,Blairdeclaredita"warbetweenthecivilizedworldandfanaticism"anddeterminedtostandbyanallywhichaidedBritainintwoworldwars.France,Germanyandother,includingRussia,arealsosupportive."Theevilmustbepunished,"RussianPresidentVladimirPutinsaid."Butweshouldnotlikenourselvestobandit."HisdefensechiefshaveruledouthostingNATOforcesinformerSovietCentralAsiaorjoiningUSmilitaryaction,althoughMoscowsaysitwillhelpwithintelligence.

41.Whatbuilding(s)was/weretotallydamaged?

A.TheWorldTradeCenterandthePentagon.B.TheWorldTradeCenter.

C.ThePentagon.D.TheWhiteHouse.

42.Inthispassage,whatcountrydoestheunderlinedpanreferto?

A.Russia.B.France.C.Germany.D.America.

43.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisright?

A.ItwasbinLadenthatmadetheterroristattacks,whichhaveleftmorethan5,000peopledeadormissing.

B.RussianforceswilljoinUSmilitaryaction.

C.ThereisnosigntoshowthattheTalibanwillhandoverbinLaden.

D.FewcountriessupportAmericaaftertheattacks.

44.Fromthepassage,whatproblemistheworldfacing?"

A.Wars.B.Terrorism.C.Population.D.Explosions.

45.Whatdoestheword"suspect"inthesecondparagraphmeaninthispassage.?

A.Someonewhohasattackedothers.

B.Someonewhohassetthebuildingonfire.

C.Someonewhohasstolensomethings.

D.Someonewhohasprobablydonewrong.

答案:

41.答案是B.第四段中的puttingthemintoruins对应问题中的totallydamaged,故只有WorldTradeCenter。

42.答案是D.standby...站在……的一边。两次世界大战支持英国的必是America。

43.答案是C.第三段表明此意。

44.答案是B.从几个国家政府发表的声明来判断世界面临“恐怖组织”的威胁。

45.答案是D。

4.读写任务

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文:

Irestartedmyseniorhighschoollifeduetomyfailureinmyentranceexamination.Iwasveryupsetatthattime.

Myteacherfoundmedepressed.Onedayheaskedmetocometohisofficeandtoldmeabouthisattitudetowardslife"Wemightsufferfrommakingmistakes,butitsimportanttomodelourselvesintothepeoplewewillbecome.Allthegrowingpainsandtheembarrassingthingswemayexperiencearepartoftheprocess.Weneverstopgrowingup,solearnfromitandkeepupyourspirit!"Atlast,headded,"ifyouareoptimistic,thingsyouwantmayhappentoyou!"

Warmfeelingsrushthroughmysoul.IsuddenlyfoundthesunshiningagainwhenIsteppedoutofhisoffice.

Withtheteachershelp,Ieventuallygotovermydepression.Fromthenon,Inolongerbowedmyheadbutbegansmilingtomyclassmates.Iwouldputupmyhandconfidentlyinclassandkidwithmynewfriendsinmysparetime.Meanwhile,Iwasgraduallyembracedbymyclassmates.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括短文内容。

2.然后以约120个词就“老师对学生人生的影响”这个主题发表你的看法,并包括下面要点。

1)你对好的老师和不好的老师对学生的人生影响有何感想。

2)以你的生活经历为例,说明老师对你成长的影响。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。标题自定。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。

[写作辅导]

1.写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词:鼓励encouragement,鼓励某人做某事encouragesbtodosth,学会自强learntobeindependent,自信confidence/confident,成功succeed/success,情感低谷beupset,勇敢面对生活中的痛苦facebravelypainsinlife.

2.本文的概要必须包含以下要点:thestudentwasupset/histeachertoldhimabouthisownattitudetowardslife/histeacherencouragedhimtofacebravelypainsandgainsinlife.

3.本文要注意,概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时,绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事时,一般使用一般过去时态较为常见。而结论性的观点应使用一般现在时或一般将来时态。

IwillneverForgetMyTeacher

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:IwillNeverForgetMyTeacher

Whenthestudentwasupset,theteachertoldhimabouthisownattitudetowardslifeandencouragedhimtofacebravelypainsandgainsinlife,whichhelpedhimfinallydefeathisdepression.

Teachersplayanimportantroleinusstudentsgrowth.Wecantgrowupwellwithoutourteachers.Agoodteachercanhelphisstudentsouttogreatsuccesses.Hecanalsoencouragehisstudentstobebravewhentheyareupsetandintrouble.Whatismore,agoodteachercanmakeyouindependentandconfident.IwillneverforgetmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Li,whoneverlookedmeasastupidstudent;healwaysgavealotofencouragementandkindhelp,whichledtomygoodcommandofEnglish.

Teachersloveisunforgettable.Theirkindhelpwillbeofgreatbenefittousforever.

Unit4Globalwarming


高中英语选修6uni4短语、重点句子

Unit4Globalwarming

I.Phrases

1.globalwarming

全球气候变暖

2.asupplyof/suppliesof

大量的

3.dependon

依靠

4.humanactivity

人类活动

5.anaturalphenomenon

自然现象

6.betrappedin...

被困在……

7.aquantityof/quantitiesof+n.

大量的

8.resultin

resultfrom

导致..

原因是..

9.asaresult=inconsequence

asaresultof=inconsequenceof

因此

of由于…的缘故

10.buildup

逐渐建立

11.keepon

保持

12.makeadifference

makenodifference

有影响;有关系

对……没有影响;不重要

13.putupwith…

忍受

14.as/solongas

只要

15.andsoon

等等

16.glanceat…

很快地看……一眼..

17.onthewhole

大体上

18.compare…to.../compare….with

与…相比

19.comeabout

comeacross

comeback

comedown

comein

comeout

comeup

comeupwith

cometo

发生(不及物)

偶遇;穿过

回来

降下;减低

进来;到达

出来;出版

上来;被提出讨论;发芽

追上;赶上

结果达到;苏醒

20.heatup

受热

21.upto

多达;比得上

22.intheyearsahead

今后一些年里

23.carryout

执行

24.decreaseby

decrease(from…)to

下降了……

(从……)下降到

25.greenhouseeffect

温室效应

II.Sentences

1.Thatprobablydoesn’tsoundverymuchtoyouortomebutitisarapidincreasecomparedtomostnaturalchanges.

这对你我来说很可能是无所谓的,但是跟多数自然变化相比较而言,这却是一种快速的增长。

2.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerbutthereisfiercedebateoverwhetheritishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritisjustanaturalphenomenon.

毋庸质疑的是地球正在变暖,但关于它变暖的原因是由于人类活动所致还是一种自然现象还存在激烈的争论。

3.Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.

如果没有这种“温室效应”,地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。

4.Somepeoplethinkfutureglobalwarmingwouldcausethesealeveltorisebyseveralmeters;otherspredictseverestorms,droughts,famines,thespreadofdiseases,andthedestructionofspecies.

有人认为全球变暖会导致海平面上升好几米;也有人预言会出现严重的风暴、干旱、饥荒、疫病和物种的灭绝.

5.Itisthegreenhouseeffectthatgivestheearth’ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃

温室效应使得地球表面的平均气温达到了15℃.

6.Together,individualsmakeadifference.众人拾柴火焰高。

7.Yourcontributioncounts.你的贡献很有价值。

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4Earthquakes(必修一)


高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4Earthquakes(必修一)

语言要点(模块)

单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.congratulate/celebrate

2.destroy/ruin/damage/harm

3.rise/raise/lift

4.hurt/injure/wound

词形

变化

1.frightenvt.吓唬;使惊吓

frightenedn.受惊的;受恐吓的

frighteningadj.令人恐惧的

2.nationn.民族;国家;国民

nationaladj.民族的;国家的3.sufferv.受苦;吃苦头

sufferingn.苦难;痛苦

sufferern.受苦者;受难者

重点

单词

1.burstv.n.爆裂,爆发,突然破裂

2.ruinv.n.毁灭,使破产,遗迹,废墟(名词时常用复数)

3.rescuen.vt.援救,营救

4.judgen.v.法官,鉴赏家,裁判,判断,估计

重点

词组

1.rightaway立刻,马上

2.atanend结束,终结

3.insteadof代替,而不

4.tensofthousandsof数以万计的

重点句子

1.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.

2.Allhopewasnotlost.

重点语法

定语从句(见语法部分)

I词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1.congratulate/celebrate

congratulate对他人祝贺为目的,侧重以言语表示祝贺。

celebrate通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情。侧重指以行动来庆祝生日、节日等。

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).I_________youonyoursuccess.

2).Weheldapartyto__________oursuccess..

答案:1).congratulate2).celebrate

2.destroy/ruin/damage/harm

destroy表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁,使之无法恢复,也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。

ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏,但往往是非暴力的,也往往不是一次性打击

的结果,常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。

damage一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤,使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果,也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。

harm一般指伤害有生命的东西,常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).Youmayget_________inthatshop.

2).Hecan’t__________her.Sheseesthroughhimeverytime.

答案:1).cheated2).fool

3.rise/raise/lift

rise普通用词,指具体的抽象的事物由低向高移动。

raise及物动词,多指把某物从低处升到高处。

lift语气比raise强,指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).She________hereyesfromherwork.

2).__________meup,mummy---Ican’tsee.

3).Theplanewasthenableto________anditclearedthemountainsby300feet.

答案:1).raised2).Lift3).rise

4.hurt/injure/wound

hurt一般用语,即可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神和情感方面的伤害。

injure比hurt正式,一般指由于意外或事故而受伤,很少指精神方面的伤害.

wound指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等,尤指在战争中受伤。

用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空

1).Thesoldierwas______inthearminthewar.

2).Shewas_______slightlyinanaccidentduringthework.

3).Iwasverymuch_______athiswords.

答案:1).wounded2).injured3).hurt

II词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.frightenvt.吓唬;使惊吓

frightenedn.受惊的;受恐吓的

frighteningadj.令人恐惧的

2.nationn.民族;国家;国民

nationaladj.民族的;国家的3.sufferv.受苦;吃苦头

sufferingn.苦难;痛苦

sufferern.受苦者;受难者

用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空

1)He’stravelledtothe________ofWesternEurope.(nation)

2)Wearetalkingabout_________andinternationalissues.(nation)

3)___________childrenwerecallingfortheirmothers..(frighten)

4)Thechild__________todeathbytheviolentthunderstorm.(frighten)

5)Itiseven_________tothinkofthehorrorsofnuclearwar.(frighten)

6)We________hugelossesinthefinancialcrisis.(suffer)

7)They’rearthritis__________.(suffer)

8)Thereissomuch__________inthisworld.(suffer)

答案:1)nations2)national3)Frightened4)wasfrightened

5)frightening6)suffered7)sufferers8)suffering

Ⅲ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.burstv.n.爆裂,爆发,突然破裂

[典例]

1).Theredballoonsuddenlyburst.那个红色的气球突然爆了。

2).Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破门而入。

3).Onhearingthenews,LeslieburstintolaughterwhileTracyburstoutcrying.

一听到这则消息,Leslie突然大笑,而Tracy则突然大哭起来。

4).Aburstofhand-clappingfollowedtheendingofthesong.

歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。

[重点用法]

burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然大笑

burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然大哭

[练习]中译英

1).水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).太阳突然从云端里露出来。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:1).Water-pipesoftenburstincoldweather.

2).Thesunburstthroughtheclouds.2.rescuen.vt.援救,营救

[典例]

1).Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriver.

警察来救他,把他从河里拉了出来。

2).Therescueteammadecountlessrescuesduringtheearthquake.

营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。

3).Michaelrescuedaboyfromdrowning.迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。

[重点用法]

rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.把……..从……营救出来

cometo/gotosb’srescue=rescuesb.援救某人arescueteam救援队

arescuemission救援任务rescueworkers救援人员

[练习]用rescue的适当形式填空

1).Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,_________fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.

2).Thefiremen________fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.

答案:1).hasbeenrescued2).rescued3.judgen.v.法官,鉴赏家,裁判,判断,估计

[典例]

1).Hisfatherusedtobeajudge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。

2).Shesagoodjudgeofwine.她是鉴别酒的专家。

3).Theblindcan’tjudgecolors.盲人无法判断颜色。

4).Don’tjudgeamanbyhislooks.不要以貌取人。

[重点用法]

judgesb./sth.by/from通过……判断……

asfarasIjudge我认为

judgingfrom…从……来看,根据……判断

[练习]用与judge相关的词汇填空

1).______hisappearance,hemustbearichman.

2)._______,hemustbefromthesouth.

答案:1).Judging2).Inherjudgment4.ruinv.n.毁灭,使破产,遗迹,废墟(名词时常用复数)

[典例]

1).Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。

2).Heruinedhisprospectsbycarelessness.他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。

[重点用法]

beinruins呈一片废墟fallintoruin变成废墟cometoruin毁灭,落空

ruinoneself自我毁灭bringsb.toruin使毁灭

[练习]中译英

1).那建筑物已成断壁残垣。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).那教堂已破败不堪。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:1).Thebuildingisinruins.

2).Thechurchhasfallenintoruin.Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

1.rightaway立刻,马上

[典例]

1).I’llreturnthebooktoyourightaway.我会马上还书给你。

2).Ifwarbreaksout,weshallbecalleduprightaway.

如果战争爆发,我们将立即被征召服役。

[短语归纳]

“立刻,马上”的表达方式:

rightaway,rightnow,atonce,immediately,innotime

[练习]中译英

1).请立刻把它打印出来。

答案:1).Iwantittypedrightaway,please.2.atanend结束,终结(=finished)

[典例]

1).Thewarwasfinallyatanend.战争终于结束了。

[短语归纳]

与end搭配的常用短语

attheendof在……末尾bytheendof在……末为止

intheend最后,终于atalooseend无所事事,处于杂乱状态

makeendsmeet收支相抵

[练习]用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。

1).HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned____________lastterm?

2).Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor___________.

3).MyunclewillflytoChina_________thisyear.

答案:1).bytheendof2).intheend3).attheendof3.insteadof代替,而不是

[典例]

1).TheChineseusechopsticksinsteadofknivesandforks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。

2).Insteadofworking,Jackwasidlingawayhistime.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

3).ShedecidedtoleavehereonSundayinsteadofMonday.

她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。

[短语归纳]

instead是副词,单独使用,用于句首或句末作状语,意为“代替;相反”。

insteadof是复合介词,后接名词、代词、或动名词,其后面的动作,意为“代替、而不……”。

inplaceof为介词短语,也是“代替、而不”的意思,表“以甲代乙”,不含比,而insteadof则是“用甲不用乙”,除“代替”外,还有对乙作否定的意思,有时意为“不”。

taketheplaceof作谓语,用在名词、代词前。

[练习]单项选择。

1).Tractors_____________horsesinmanyplaces.

A.inplaceofB.havetakentheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof

2).Youshouldbeoutplaying___________workingindoorsallday.

A.inspiteofB.taketheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof

答案:

1).B2).D4.tensofthousandsof数以万计的

[典例]

1).Tensofthousandsofpeoplewerewatchingthegameinthestadiumwhenitbegantorainheavily.

[短语归纳]

hundredsof数百的hundredsofandthousandsof成百上千的

thousandsof数千的millionsof数百万的

dozensof许多;大量scoresof许多;大量

[练习]选择填空

1).Everyyear________foreignvisitorscometoChina.

A.tensofthousandsofB.tenthousandsof

C.overtenthousandsD.thousandsuponthousands

2).Therewere____________peopleinthehall.

A.twoscoresofB.scoresof

C.twoandscoreD.twoscores

答案:1).A2).BV重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

1.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.

老鼠跑到地里找地方躲。

[解释]这句话中的lookingforplacestohide是作ranoutofthefields的伴随状况,这是动词的现在分词形式的一个用法。

现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

(1)现在分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时可由连词when,while引出。

Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书,一边不时地点头。

Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些画,他想起了她的童年。

(2)现在分词短语作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。如:

Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.

因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他。
Manyofus,beingsoexcited,couldn’tgotosleepthatnight.

因为非常激动,那晚我们许多人都没睡着。

(3)现在分词短语作结果状语。如:

Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。

Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.

她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。

(4)现在分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如:

Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.

他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星。

Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.

年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。

(5)现在分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个状语从句。如:
Apersonstandingatthefootofahighmountainwillfindhimselfverysmall.
一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.
尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。
注:现在分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。

(6)“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+现在分词”结构在句中作状语,表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如:
Hishairbecamegreywiththeyearspassing.随着时间的推移,他的头发变花白了。
Withoutanyonenoticing,heslippedthroughthewindow.没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。

[练习]中译英

1).因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

1).Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.

2).Withoutanyonenoticing,heslippedthroughthewindow.2.Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。

[解释]Allthestudentsdonotknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.=Notallthestudentsknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.并非所有的学生都知道如何解决个问题。

Idon’tknowallofthem.我并不认识他们所有的人。

表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容“all,both,every,everybody,always”等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定,而“none,neither,nobody,nothing”等表完全否定。如:

Everyonedoesn’tlikethestory.=Noteveryonelikesthestory.

并非每个人都喜欢这个故事。

Nobodylikesthestory.没人喜欢这个故事。

Bothofthestudentsdon’tlikethestory.并非这两个学生这个故事。

Neitherofthestudentslikesthestory.这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。

[练习]中译英

1).并非这两个学生这个故事。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2).这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

1).Bothofthestudentsdon’tlikethestory.

2).Neitherofthestudentslikesthestory.

课文要点(模块)

1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:

BeforeTangshanearthquake,strangethingshappened.A1(有味道的)gascameoutfromthecracksofwellsandanimalsbecame2(nerve).At3:00a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedthattheworldwasat3end.Infifteenseconds,alargecitylayin4(废墟),andthenumberofpeople5(受伤的)orkilledreachedmorethan400,000.Water,foodand6(electric)werecutoffandtherailwaytrackswere7(use)piecesofsteel.Butallhopewasnotlost.Therescueteam8(organize)bythearmycametohelpthose9(幸存者)andslowlythecitybeganto10(呼吸)again.

答案:1.smelly2.nervous3.an4.ruins5.injured6.electricity7.useless8.organized9.survivors10.breathe

2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)

阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面的短文,再比较答案

这篇文章描述了地震前的征兆和地震的过程和唐山地震造成的后果。它显示出地震后的骇人的情景和告诉我们怎样才能把地震的危害降到最低。

Thearticledescribes_________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:ThearticledescribesboththesignsbeforeanearthquakeandthecourseandtheresultofTangshanearthquakein1976.Itshowsustheterribleimageofearthquakesandtellsuswhatweshoulddotominimizethedamagebyanearthquake.

3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力)

1.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。

[模仿要点]句子结构:由which引导的非限制性定语从句

李宇春现象超越了她的声音,即使最狂热歌迷们也承认她的声音是非常弱的。

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:TheLiYuchunphenomenon,however,goesfarbeyondhervoice,whicheventhemostardentfansadmitisprettyweak

据报道,心脏病和癌症成了中年人的头号杀手,这给我们敲响了警钟。

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:Itisreportedthatheartdiseaseandcancerarenowthetopkillersofmiddle-agedpeopleinChina,whichgiveusawarming.2.Itwasacitywhosehospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.所有的师内医院,75%的工厂和建筑物,90%的家园都消失了。

[模仿要点]句子结构:数字+ofwhich/whom引导的非限制性定语从句

从七月上旬开始,20天的干旱和高温袭击了重庆的人们,其中50%的人们处于严重缺水状态。

________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Morethan20daysofdroughtandhightemperaturessinceearlyJulyhavehitthepopulationofChongqin,50%ofwhomareinastateofaseverelackofwater.

参加奥运会吉祥物竞选的参与者有662人,其中611人来自中国大陆,12人来自香港,澳门和台湾,39人来自国外。

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答案:Therewere662peoplewhocompetedintheselectionofOlympicmascots,ofwhom611werefromtheChinesemainland,12fromHongKong,MacaoandTaiwan,and39fromabroad.单元自测(模块)

1完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

字数:192

完成时间:14分钟

难度:***

ThelegalageforsmokinginJapanis20andasthecountrys570,000tobaccovendingmachines(自动售货机)prepareforaJulyregulationrequiringthemtoensurebuyersarenotminors,acompanyhasdevelopeda1toidentifyagebystudyingfacialfeatures.

Byhavingthecustomerlookintoadigitalcamera2tothemachine,FujitakaCossystemwill3facialcharacteristics,suchaswrinklessurroundingtheeyes,bonestructureandskinsags(松弛),tothefacialdataofover100,000people,HajimeYamamoto,acompanyspokesmansaid.

"Withface4,solongasyouvegotsomechangeandyouareanadult,youcanbuycigaretteslikebefore.Theproblemof5borrowing(identification)cardstopurchasecigarettescouldbe6aswell,"Yamamotosaid.

Butduetoconcernsaboutitsaccuracy,thefacialidentificationmethodhasyettobe7.

Yamamotosaidthesystemcould8identifyabout90percentofthe9,withtheremaining10percentsenttoa"greyzone"forminorsthatlook10,andbaby-facedadults,wheretheywouldbeaskedtoinserttheirdrivinglicense.

1.A.systemB.machineC.programD.monitor

2.A.addedB.attachedC.coveredD.devoted

3.A.preferB.adjustC.leadD.compare

4.A.featuresB.structureC.recognitionD.expression

5.A.studentsB.youthsC.adultsD.minors

6.A.avoidedB.clarifiedC.raisedD.improved

7.A.correctedB.approvedC.updatedD.spread

8.A.completelyB.correctlyC.specificallyD.partly

9.A.smokersB.sellersC.lookers-onD.users

10.A.olderB.youngerC.wiserD.nicer

答案:

1.A从第二段及最后一段第一句可以判断:一家日本公司研制出一套年龄识别体系。

2.Battachto所附的,“附在机器上的数码相机”。其他三个选项不符合语境。

3.Dcompare...to...“系统将面部特征与十万多人的面部数据进行对比”。其他三个选项动词尽管可以和介词to连用,但不符合语境。

4.Cfeatures特征,structure构造,recognition识别,expression表情,选项C符合语境。

5.D从文章第一句及最后一句可以判断。minor未成年人,本文首句提到吸烟的合法年龄是20岁,自动售货机要确保购买者不是未成年人。

6.A年龄识别系统可以避免未成年人借用身份证购买香烟的问题。clarify澄清。

7.B因涉及到准确性问题,这套面部识别方法还有待批准。

8.B该系统能正确识别出约90%的使用者。

9.D从第一段toensurebuyersarenotminors判断,该系统识别的是使用自动售货机购买香烟者。故选users。

10.A从baby-facedadults可得提示。有10%的长相显老的未成年人和娃娃脸的成年人进入“灰色地带”。

2语法填空

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。

字数:202

完成时间:10分钟

难度:***

WangHongwasbornin1985inGuangzhou,China.Evenwhenshewasababy,shelovedtodrawlineseverywhere.1(see)this,herfatherdecidedtohelpher.Hegaveherpaint,brushesandpaper.Shepractisedhard2improvedveryquickly.Soonherlinesbecameflowers,treesandanimals.Someofherpictures3(show)inanartexhibitioninShanghaiattheageof4.Bytheageofsix,WangHong4(make)over4,000paintings.Shelovedtodrawanimals,especiallymonkeyandcats.5herfatherwasgoodatdrawing,hedidntgiveheranyartlessons.Heevenstoppedpaintinghisownpictures.6,heoftentookthelittlegirltoparksandzoostogetideasforherwork.7thisway,WangHongdevelopedherownstyleofpainting8brightcolours.Allherpicturesweredifferentfromothers.

Attheageof8,9ofhermonkeypaintingswasmadeintoaChinesestamp.Later,shestartedtodrawpicturesofcountrysceneryandpeople.Andwhenshewasjust14,shebecametheyoungestpersontohave10(person)showsinWashingtonD.C.andmanyothercitiesaroundtheworld.

答案:

1.Seeing,现在分词短语作时间状语,相当于whenherfathersawthis,

2.and,表并列关系:

3.wereshown,考查动词的被动语态用法:

4.hadmade,由前文Bytheageofsix可知,此处应用过去完成时态。

5.Although/though,“虽然,尽管”表让步关系:

6.Instead,“相反,而是”,表转折:

7.In,inthisway是固定搭配,“用这种方法”:

8.with,介词“用,有”:

9.one,oneof+名词复数表“……之一”:

10.personal,person的形容词,“个人的”:3信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

以下是请求帮助者的资料:

[A].Asweknow,the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingandmanypeoplefromothercountrieswillcometovisitChina.ThetaxidriversinDongfengTaxiCompanythinkthewaytoshowkindnessistobeabletogreettheforeignersintheirlanguages.Theyneedsomeonewhocanteachthemlanguagesandthebesttimeisatnightwhentheyarenotsobusy.

[B].Tomissoaddictedtoon-linegamesthathecannotconcentrateonhisstudylikebefore.Nowheoftenmissesschoolinordertoplaygames,thustellingliestohisteachersandparentsagainandagain.Thoughherealizeswhathedoesiswrong,hejustcantstopit.Howbadlyheneedssomeoneshelp.

[C].Mane,a44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree,hastowalktwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedoesntknowwhichbustotake.Whatsworse,sinceshedoesnotknowwords,shecannotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also,shecanonlyrecognizeitemsbysight,soiftheproducthasadifferentlabel,shewillnotrecognizeitastheproductshewants.

[D]."Helpinghand"organizationwillholdaneventtohelpthestarvingchildreninAfrica.TheeventstartsinAugustandthosetakingpartinwillgowithoutfoodfor30hours.Inthisway,itisexpectedthatmoneywillberaisedforthepoorchildren.

[E]."GreenEarth"caresalotfortheanimalsindanger.Stillmanypeopleintheworlddontknowmuchabouttheimportanceofanimalprotecting.Thissummervacationalotofeventswillbeorganizedtocallonpeopletoliveinharmonywithourearth.

[F].AgroupofyoungchildreninaremotevillageinsouthwestChinaareingreatneedofteachers.Becauseofthelowsalary,manyteacherscameandthenwent.Thevillagershopetohaveateacherwhocanstayforatleastayear,becausetheyknowknowledgecanmakeadifferencetothechildrensfuture.以下是乐于提供帮助的人员信息介绍,请匹配他们与所对应的帮助对象。

1.Stephen:LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeoplesliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread,Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading.

2.Ben:Aftergraduation,IdontwanttoapplyforajobatonceInstead,Iplantospareoneyeartohelpthosewhoneedhelpmostandtrymybesttoimprovetheirlives.Youknow,educationisessentialtopovertyreliefandatthesametimeIllgetvaluableexperienceformyfuturecareer.

3.Susan:ImagirlfromEnglandandhasstudiedFrenchforyears.ImhereinBeijingUniversitystudyingChinese.IlikeChinaasitisfullofmysteries.SoIhopethevoluntaryworkwillhelpmetogetintouchwithChinesepeopleandgettoknowaboutChina.Althoughmystudyisbusy,Icanbefreeatnightandattheweekends.

4.Tim:SinceImyselfhaveovercomealotofdifficultiesinmylife,IunderstandyoungpeoplesproblemsandIknowhowtolistenpatientlytoothersandoffersomeadvice.ImworkingnowinthedaytimesoIcanonlyspendtwotothreehoursadayatnighttohelpothers.

5.Lisa:IburstintotearswhenIsawthosechildreninaTVprogramme.Whatasight.Theyhaveonlyboneandskinleft.Whatsworse,everydaythechildrenaredyingbecauseoflackoffood.IrealizedhowluckyIamwithenoughfoodandagoodchancetogeteducation.ThesummervacationiscomingandIhopeIcandosomethingforthem.[答案]求助者——提供帮助的人

1.C关键词:shedoesn’tknowwhichbustotake;shedoesnotknowwords;theycouldnotread。

2.F关键词:ingreatneedofteacher;knowledge;education。

3.A关键词:Theyneedsomeonewhocanteachthemforeignlanguages;atnight;volunteerwork;knowaboutChina。

4.B关键词:addictedtoon-linegames;realizesheiswrong;can’tstop;needhelp;listenpatiently;offersomeadvice。

5.D关键词:thestarvingchildren;thechildrenaredyingbecauseoflackoffood。

4写作训练

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

WhatlstheBestPreparationforLife?

Somepeoplesaythatthebestpreparationforlifeislearningtoworkwithothersandbecooperative.Inlifewearefacedwithmanytypesofsituations.Eachsituationrequiresustobehaveindifferentways.Inschoolorworkwemaybefacedwithalargeprojectwhichdemandsthecooperationofmanyindividuals.Inthisinstance,eachpersonmustbeflexible,supportiveandbewillingtocompromisebecauseheisonlyasmallpartofamuchlargermachine.

Otherstaketheoppositeviewandsaythatlearningtobecompetitiveisthebepreparation.Beingcompetitivealsohasaplaceinlife.Thedesiretosucceedaridbetterthanotherswillmotivateustoworkhardonthejobandstudydiligentlyschool.Butcompetitionhasitslimits.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括短文的要点;

2.然后以约120个词就“人生最好的准备”这个主题发表你的看法,至少包括以下的内容要点:

a)我们生活在竞争与合作共生共存的时代,要与人相容(compatible),合作共处;

b)今天的事业是集体的竞争,与他人相容,善于合作的人成功机会更大;

c)你对此有什么看法,为什么?

[写作要求]

你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不能抄袭阅读材料中的句子。

[评分标准]

概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。

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________________________________________________________________________________________________答案

Therearealmosttwoopinionsaboutpreparationforlife.Oneislearningtoworkandcooperatewithothers.Theotheristocompetebecausethedesiretosucceedanddobetterthanothersmotivatestoworkhard.

Wearelivingintheageofcompetition,cooperationandcoexistence,soweshouldbecompatibleandcooperativewithothers.Thebusinesstodayisacollectivecompetition,wheresomepeoplearecompatiblewithothers.Thosewhoworkinclosercooperationwiththeotherpeoplecanhavealargeropportunitytosucceedintheend.

Similarly,studentslearninggoalsmaybestructuredtopromotecooperative,competitive,orindividualisticefforts.Incooperation,studentsworkagainsteachothertoachieveagoal.Incompetitionthereisanegativeinterdependenceamonggoalachievements.

SoIthinktoomuchdesiretocompetewithothersmaybecomeselfishanddestructive.Inordertosucceedinlife,wemustlearntobebothcooperativeandcompetitive.Themostimportantthingtolearninlifeistoknowwhentobecooperativeandwhentobecompetitive.

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit 4 Wildlife Protection(必修二)


经验告诉我们,成功是留给有准备的人。高中教师要准备好教案,这是老师职责的一部分。教案可以让讲的知识能够轻松被学生吸收,有效的提高课堂的教学效率。写好一份优质的高中教案要怎么做呢?经过搜索和整理,小编为大家呈现“高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit 4 Wildlife Protection(必修二)”,欢迎您参考,希望对您有所助益!

高考一轮复习黄金学案――Unit4WildlifeProtection(必修二)语言要点单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇

部分

词语

辨析

1.contain/include2.reserve/keep/preserve3.reduce/decrease4.fierce/wild/violent(未调顺序)

词形

变化

1.powern.能力powerfuladj.强有力的;力量大的powerfullyadv.强有力地;力量大地2.appreciatev.理解并欣赏;赏识;高度评价appreciationn.欣赏;感激appreciativeadj.有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的3.succeedv.成功;做成;达到目的successn.成功;成就;成名;发财;胜利;达到目的successfuladj.获得成功的;取得成效的;达到目的的

重点

单词

1.wildadj.野生的,野的,未驯化的;无居民的,荒凉的2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭3.huntvt.猎取;搜索4.distantn.(空间或时间)远隔的,遥远的5.mercyn.仁慈;宽恕;宽容;恩惠;幸运

重点

词组

1.payattentionto注意2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭3.comeintobeing形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)

重点句子

1.Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewithasadfacelookingather.2.Theysetthenumberofanimalstobehunted.

重点语法

现在进行时的被动语态(见语法部分)Ⅰ词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.contain/includecontain强调主语含有某种成分或装有某物。如:include强调主语包含的人或物是主语的一部分。所以include常译为“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常见的表达形式。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Thelist________hisname.2).Beer__________alcohol.Keys:1).included2).contains2.reserve/keep/preservereserve正式用词,指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。keep最常用词,指长时间牢固地保持合伙保存。preserve主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Willyou_______thesedocumentsforus?2).Insummer,largecropsoffruitmaybe________byfreezing.3).Allthefrontseatsare_________forforeignguests.Keys:1).keep2).preserved3).reserved3.reduce/decreasereduce强调在“数量、大小,程度或强度”方面下降或减少。decrease侧重强调“稳定地,逐渐地,不断地”减少用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Theworkers_______theirwagedemands.2).Lackofsuccess_________confidence.Keys:1).reduced2).decreased4.fierce/wild/violentfierce指人或兽的凶猛残酷。wild既可指自然界的荒芜,未被驯化状态,又指人的无法无天,不文明的野蛮行为。violent指人时侧重极为不安、异常激动,暗含有暴力行为;也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Sheisafraidofhis_________looks.2).Whowasthat_________oldlady?3)._______criminalslikethatareadangertosociety.Keys:1).wild2).fierce3).violentⅡ词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1.powern.能力powerfuladj.强有力的;力量大的powerfullyadv.强有力地;力量大地2.appreciatev.理解并欣赏;赏识;高度评价appreciationn.欣赏;感激appreciativeadj.有欣赏力的;表示赏识的;感激的3.succeedv.成功;做成;达到目的successn.成功;成就;成名;发财;胜利;达到目的successfuladj.获得成功的;取得成效的;达到目的的用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)Iwilldoeverythinginmy________tohelpyou.(power)2)Heisvery_________built.(power)3)Elephantshave_________legs.(power)4)Sheshowslittleorno________ofgoodmusic.(dusk)5)Yourhelpwasgreatly_________.(dusk)6)Immost_________ofyourgenerosity.(add)7)Hewasnta________asateacher.(add)8)Ifatfirstyoudont________,try,tryagain.(add)9)Myfinalattempttofixitwas__________.Keys:1)power2)powerfully3)powerful4)appreciation5)appreciated6)appreciative7)success8)succeed9)successfulⅢ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.wildadj.野生的,野的,未驯化的;无居民的,荒凉的[典例]1).Heenjoysfilmingwildanimals.他喜欢拍摄野生动物。2).Wewalkedintoawildmountainregion.我们走进荒无人烟的山区。[重点用法]bewildaboutsth/sb(对某事物[某人])极热心或热爱bewildwith…因……而发狂[练习]中译英1).群众欣喜若狂。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thecrowdwentwildwithdelight.2).Thechildrenarewildaboutthenewcomputer.

2.reliefn.(痛苦﹑困苦﹑忧虑等的)减轻或解除[典例]1).Thedruggivessomerelieffrompain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。2).Ibreathed/heavedasighofreliefwhenIheardhewassafe.我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。[重点用法](much)toone’srelief使某人大为放心;使某人深感宽慰[练习]中译英1).我最庆幸的是没有迟到。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).见到你在这儿也就放心了。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Tomygreatrelief/Muchtomyrelief,Iwasntlate.2).Itsagreatrelieftofindyouhere.3.huntvt.猎取;搜索[典例]1).Wolveshuntinpacks.狼是成群猎食的。2).Policearehuntinganescapedcriminal.警方正在追捕逃犯。[重点用法]huntfor试图找到(某物[某人])huntafter探求;追求[练习]中译英1).我在寻找一本失去的书。2).许多人一生追求成名,但一无所获。Keys:1).Iamhuntingforalostbook.2).Manypeoplehuntafterfameintheirlivesbutneverfindit.4.distantn.(空间或时间)远隔的,遥远的[典例]1).Theairportisabouttenmilesdistantfromthecity.机场距离城市大约十英里远。2).Sheisadistantcousinofmine.她是我的远房表妹。[重点用法]bedistantwith/towardswithsb.对……冷淡[练习]中译英1).这两种学说之间没有什么关联。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她对妈妈总是很冷淡。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thereisadistantconnectionbetweenthetwotheories.2).Sheisalwaysdistantwithhermother.5.mercyn.仁慈;宽恕;宽容;恩惠;幸运[典例]1).Theyshowedmercytotheirenemies.他们对敌人很仁慈。2).Itsamercyshewasnthurtintheaccident.她在事故中未受伤,真幸运。[重点用法]atthemercyofsb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制havemercyon/upon对……有怜悯心[练习]中译英1).那只船在暴风雨中失去控制_____________________________________________________________________________________2).可怜可怜我们吧。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Theshipwasatthemercyofthestorm.2).Havemercyonus!Ⅳ重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)词组1.payattentionto注意[典例]1).PleasepayattentiontowhatIamsaying.请注意我说的话。2).Sheturnedherattentiontoanewproblem.她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。[短语归纳]catchsbsattention吸引某人的注意drawattentiontosth.注意某事物giveonesattentionto注意……[练习]中译英1).报纸的大标题引起他的注意。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).她要我注意报告中的一处错误。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Anewspaperheadlinecaughthisattention.2).Shedrewmyattentiontoanerrorinthereport.2.dieout(指物种)死光;灭绝,火慢慢熄灭[典例]1).Themothshabitatisbeingdestroyedandithasnearlydiedout.这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏,几乎绝种了。[短语归纳]dieaway减弱(以至觉察不到);淡化diedown逐渐降低;减弱bedying垂死的bedyingfor/todosth.渴望dieof死于(饥饿;病)diefrom死于(外界引起的)diehard很难改变;顽固[练习]用die构成的词组填空1).Thenoiseofthecar________inthedistance.2).Theoldtraditionsare_________.3).Theman_________awound4).Im________somethingtoeat.Keys:1).diedaway2).dyingout3).diedfrom4).dyingfor3.comeintobeing形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)[典例]Dinosaurslivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。[短语归纳]comeintoeffect实施comeintouse投入使用comeintopower上台执政[练习]用come的相关词汇填空1).Whendidtheworld_________?2).Thenewseat-beltregulations__________lastweek.3).Whendidthisword___________?Keys:1).comeintobeing2).cameintoeffect3).comeintouseⅤ重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1.Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewithasadfacelookingather.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。[解释]此句可改成:Sheturnedaroundandtherewasanantelopewhichwaslookingatherwithasadface.“withasadfacelookingather”为with的复合结构,即with+名词、代词(介词宾语)+v.-ing(宾补)。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为:with+宾语+-v.-ed/v.-ing/todo)作伴随状语或定语[典例]Withsomestudentsfollowingbehind,hecamein.[练习]中译英1).站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).新老板很担心,因为有很多事要处理。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Dontstandwithyourhandsinyourpockets.2).Withalotofthingtobesolved,thenewbossworriedalot.2.Theysetthenumberofanimalstobehunted.他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。[解释]tobehunted为动词不定式的被动式,在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时,在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者,常用不定式的主动式,找不到时常用不定式的被动式。[典例]Thefirstthingtobedoneistotidyuptheoffice.Thefirstthingforyoutodoistotidyuptheoffice.[练习]中译英1).在我们出发之前,这辆车必须修理一下。_____________________________________________________________________________________2).会议明天举行。_____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Thecarneedstoberepairedbeforewestart.2).Themeetingistobeheldtomorrow.课文要点1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:Daisydesiredtohelp1(endanger)speciesofwildlifebecausealargenumberofanimalsaredying2.Oneday,aflyingcarpettookhertoa3(遥远)land,4shecouldfindantelopes5gavefurtomakesweaters.Thenshemetanelephantin!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Zimbabweandwastoldthatelephantsusedtobehuntedwithout6.Butnowpeopleknowthe7(重要)ofwildlife8(protect).答案:1.endangered2.out3.distant4.where5.that/which6.mercy7.importance8.protection2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)阅读课文,试着用30个单词概括课文大意,再比较答案文章讲述了Daisy的经历。她到西藏,津巴布韦和热带雨林游览,在那她发现一些动物濒意识到临灭绝,由此她保护动物的重要性。Thepassagetellsus_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:ThepassagetellsusDaisy’sexperience.ShevisitedTibet,Zimbabweandarainforest,whereshefoundthatsomeanimalsareindangerandrealizedtheimportanceofprotectinganimals.3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)1.PleasetakemetoadistantlandwhereIcanfindtheanimalsthatgavefurtomakethissweater.请带我到遥远的地方,在那里我可以发现为制作这件毛衣而提供毛绒的那种动物。[模仿要点]句子结构:定语从句1(where)+定语从句2我知道有这么一个地方盛产西瓜,而且西瓜含糖高。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Iknowthereisaplacewhereyoucanfindwatermelonseverywherewhichissugary.我们已经处于这样的处境---我们不得不马上解决我们面临的问题。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Weareputintosuchapositionwherewehavetosolvetheproblemswhichwearefacedwith.2.Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.千百万年,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。[模仿要点]句子结构:…+longbefore….:早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:Iknewthenewsthattheywereinvitedtotheparty,longbeforeyoutoldme.在我认识他们之前的很久他们就互相认识了。_____________________________________________________________________________
答案:TheyhadknowneachotherlongbeforeIknewthem.单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数:198完成时间:13分钟难度:***Itisa21day.IgotintouchwithMichaelwhomIhavebeenlosing22foroneyear.Wehavelostcontactsinceourlast23inmysenior3.HementionedtomeinhislastletterthathewaspreparingforgoingtotheUKto24hiseducation.I,shamefully,wastoobusytoreplyhismailthen.WhenIwas25totheZJUandwonthefinalfreedom,IthoughthehadalreadybeeninUKsoIhadno26wheretowritehim.Iusedtothinkthatwewouldnever27again.However,Ifoundout28thatheisstillinPRC.Ieventuallygothimonthephone.Hewasverysurprised.Lifeis29inmomentssuchlikethis.Oldfriendsmeetagainsurprisingly;theylookatthefaceofeachother,andrecognizetheoldpal.Itissuchmomentthatmakesmefeelgratefultolife:wheneverIsetoffforanew30,IseeIhavefriendsinthesamedirection,withwhomIwontfeelaloneanymore.21.A.celebratingB.terrifying.C.surprisingD.shamefully22.A.joinB.contactC.connectD.relate23.A.friendshipB.roommateshipC.correspondenceD.relationship24.A.receiveB.continueC.keepD.further25.A.recommendedB.commandedC.congratulatedD.achieved26.A.suggestionB.helpC.idea.D.thought27.A.meetB.seeC.helpD.communicate28.A.sadlyB.excitedlyC.astonishedlyD.worriedly29.A.enjoyableB.unforgettableC.responsibleD.patient30.A.systemB.ambitionC.achievementD.destination内容概要:本文讲述了这篇文章描述了两位很久没见面的老学友重逢的高兴和感慨-我们应感恩生活。答案解析:21.选A.老朋友相见是一件值得庆祝的事情。22.选B.下文有losecontact。23.选C.文章下文有“thelastletter”,作者与同学的高三毕业后的第一次通信(correspondence)。24.选D.作者的旧学友到英国去深造。25.选A.作者被推荐到大公司工作。不能是commanded“命令”也不能是congratulated“恭喜”和achieved“获得”26.选C作者没法知道旧学友的地址,故不知道怎么联系。havenoidea“不知道”。27.选A.作者和同学再次见面。28.选B.作者和旧学友再次见面,当然是令人高兴的事情。29.选A.作者见到旧学友非常高兴,自然会感叹“Lifeisenjoyable.”。30.选D.作者感恩生活,无论自己往哪个目标,都会有朋友并肩前行。2语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。字数:155完成时间:9分钟难度:***HereisaSHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGforyounow.31isknowntoall,thestylesofWesternart32(change)manytimes,whileChinesearthaschanged33often.During34MiddleAges,themainpurposeofapainterwastorepresentreligiousthemes.35bythe13thcenturypaintersbegantopaintmorerealistically.IntheRenaissance,painterstriedtopaintpeopleandnatureasthey36were.Andtheylearnedtodrawthingsinperspective.37late19thtoearly20thcentury,theimpressionistpainterswantedtoshow38lightandshadowfellonobjects.From20thcenturytonow,39haveappearedscoresofmodemartandstyles.Newstylesofpaintingareexpected40(come)intobeinginthefuture.答案:31.As32.haschanged33.1ess34。the35.But36.really37.From38.how39.there40.tocome31.As.引导定语从句,as代替整个主句:32.haschanged,有manytimes用现在完成时,且后一句的对比也用了现在完成时:33.1ess与manytimes形成对比;34.thetheMiddleAges专有名词,“中世纪”(欧洲历史上从公元1000年到1450年)35.But表示转折;36.really副词做状语。37.from因from...to...表示从“(什么时候)到(什么时候)”:38.how.引导宾语从句,在从句本身做方式状语。39.there.因thereappear...是therebe…句型的变体。40.tocome表示将来,故用不定式:3阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数:403完成时间:8分钟难度:*****TheAmericanWestwardMovementwasamovementofpeoplefromthesealedregionstolandsfartherwest.Betweentheearly17thandlate19thcenturies,Anglo-AmericanpeoplesandtheirsocietiesexpandedfromtheAtlanticCoasttothePacificCoastbygreatlyexpandingthenation’sborders,andtheUnitedStatesbecameapowerfulnationinthe20thcentury.However,thisexpansionalsoresultedingreatsufferinganddestruction,andapainfullossofcultureforNativeAmericans.SomeoftheNativeAmericantribes(部落)oftheGmatPlainswerehuntersandgatherers.MosttribesintheSouthwestwerehuntersandfarmers.InthePacificNorthwest,tribesweretradersandfishermen,andreliedonriversrichwithallsortsoffish.Westwardexpansiondestroyedresourcesanddamagedtheenvironment,thusdestroyingtheabilityofNativeAmericanstosupportthemselves.Inaddition,thepioneerscarrieddiseasesthatkilledthousands.SomeNativeAmericansfoughtagainstthecomingofwhitesettlers.ThemostfamousconflictstookplaceontheGreatPlains,wheremanytribesfoughtagainsttheU.S.Armyinseveralwarsbetween1855and1877.NativeAmericanswonsomebigvictories,includingthefamousdefeatofGeorgeCusteronMontanasLittleBighornRiverin1876,butwerefinallysuppressed(镇压),andthenforcedtoreservations(居留地).In1877theNezPercetribefoughtan.unsuccessfulattempttoescapetoCanada.SouthwesternApachepeoples,withtheirmostfamousleader,Geronimo,foughtagainsttheoccupationoftheirlandsuntil1886.However,itwasntaconflictthatdestroyedindependentNativeAmericanculture;itwasthegreatnumberofwhitesealersthattookoverNativeAmericanlands,andthewaysinwhichthesesettlerstransformedtheWest.NewlawslimitedNativeAmericanstoreservationsandforcedthemtotakemeager(贫困的)governmenthandouts.Governmentpolicytriedtoassimilate(同化)thetribesintowhitesocietybyreducingnativecultureandtryingtomakeNativeAmericansfollowwhitecustoms.TheDawesActof1887aimedtoputanendtothereservations,anddecreasetheimportanceofthetribesbyhandingoutreservationlandtoindividualnatives.Between1887and1934,dozensofreservationsweredestroyed,andNativeAmericanlandswerereducedfrom150millionareasto48million.Luckily,however,despitethepoorlivingconditionsonmanyreservationseventothisday,NativeAmericanshavemanagedinmanycasestokeepmuchoftheircultureandidentity.41.Bywritingthispassagetheauthorintendsto_________.A.showtheimportanceoftheWestwardMovementintheUnitedStatesB.introducethehistoryofsettlementduringtheWestwardMovementC.showthepainfullossofnativewaysoflifeduringtheWestwardMovementD.criticizewhiteAmericansforsuppressingthenativesanddestroyingtheircultures42.Intheauthor’sopinion,theNativeAmericanssufferedmostfrom__________.A.thediseasescarriedbythewhitesB.thelossoftheirlandsC.thewarsagainstthewhitesettlersD.culturalassimilationbywhites43.NativeculturewasfirstcutdownintheprocessofWestwardMovementmainlybythe___________.A.conflictsB.reservationsC.newlawsD.policiesofassimilation44.TheDawesActof1887wascarriedoutto__________.A.maketheoccupationoflandsbywhiteslawfulB.destroynativemeansoflivingC.weakennativecultureandidentityD.establishthewhitesrule45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thewriterisrelievedthatsomenativeculturehasbeensaved.B.Nativelandswerereducedbecausethenativesweredefeatedbythewhims.C.Nativeculturesonlyexistonreservationsnow.D.Thenativeswerentashealthyasthewhites.答案:本文是一篇历史性的夹叙夹议文,文章主要陈述了美国西进运动对当地的北美居民的影响。41.C。作者态度题。文章的意旨是介绍西进运动中北美当地居民的文化的丧失,所以应该选择C。42.D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段的描述美国当地居民在白人对当地居民进行文化同化中损失最大。43.A。推理判断题。从本段的文字“However,itwasn’taconflictthatdestroyedindependentNativeAmericanculture;itwasthegreatnumberofwhitesettlersthattookoverNativeAmericanlands,andthewaysinwhichthesesettlerstransformedtheWest.”也可以看出美国印第安文化并没有被摧毁,只能在某些程度上被削弱了。44.C。推理判断题。最后一段说政府制定了政策来同化北美当地居民,所以应该选择C。45.A。推理判断题。根据Luckily,however,despitethepoorlivingconditionseventothisday,NativeAmericanshavemanagedinmanycasestokeepmuchoftheircultureandidentity.可以推断A正确。4.读写任务阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文:About43yearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitarycollegeatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatwerewondersofstupidity.Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCesarshistory.Buthedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Itestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsabout,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.Hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandmorethanheweresharplycriticized!Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,however,Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookthefirstprize!Andhegotthehighestpraise.[写作内容]1)以约30个词概括短文的要点.2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文,描写你了解的某人一次靠不断努力取得成功的经历,并包括如下的要点:①叙述你了解的某人靠不断努力取得成功的一次真实或虚构的经历。②别人对此事如何评价。[写作要求]1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;标题自定。2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]PerseveranceCreatesMiraclesHisinstructorshelpandhisdiligencemadeScoresby,astupidmilitaryman,didbetterthanothersinthehistoryexaminationandevenwonthefirstprizeinthemathsexamination.Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceofmyseatmate.Hewasreallyabasketballfan.Soyoucanimaginehowangryanddisappointedhisparentswereeverytimetheresultofanexamcameout!Hehadbeenthelastinthelistofthewholegrade!Everybodyaroundmyseatmatebelievedhimhopeless.However,whenhebecameastudentofSeniorThree,forsomereason,hebegantostudyveryhard,orrather,alldayandallnight.Despitethefactthathewasquiteoftenlaughedatandlookeddownupon,hekeptonstudying.Toeverybodyssurprise,hewasfinallyadmittedintoafamousuniversityinGuangdongProvince.Infact,nothingisimpossibleandperseverancecreatesmiracles。