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发表时间:2021-04-26

2019中考英语复习资料:形容词与副词的变化规则。

每个老师不可缺少的课件是教案课件,规划教案课件的时刻悄悄来临了。需要我们认真规划教案课件工作计划,这样我们接下来的工作才会更加好!你们会写适合教案课件的范文吗?请您阅读小编辑为您编辑整理的《2019中考英语复习资料:形容词与副词的变化规则》,欢迎大家阅读,希望对大家有所帮助。

2019中考英语复习资料:形容词与副词的变化规则

形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。 其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。 英语中形容词与副词的变化规则有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:

构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall

youngtaller?

younger

tallest

youngest

只加r或stnice?

large

nicer

larger

nicest?

largest

重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig?

fat?

hot

bigger

fatter

hotter

biggest?

fattest

hottest

扩展阅读

2018中考英语二轮复习第5讲形容词副词介词


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形容词、副词、介词

一、形容词

重点1:形容词比较等级

比较

对象形容词

形式常见句型

原级两者原形_________________________________________

_________________________________________

比较级两者形容词er_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

修饰语:_________________________________

_________________________________________

最高级三者

及以上形容词est_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

修饰语:_________________________________

_________________________________________

重点2:ing形容词和ed形容词

surprisinginterestingexcitingpleasingfrightening

surprisedinterestedexcitedpleasedfrightened

令人感动的:______________________

(令人)疲倦的:_________________________

有极大吸引力的;迷人的:________________________

ing形容词:

表主动意义,多指事物(人)对人的影响,一般修饰物

ed形容词:

表被动意义,多为人的感受,一般修饰人

难点1:形容词比较级别的转换(句子转换)

LiLeiisthetalleststudentinhisclass.

______________________inhisclass.

______________________inhisclass.

=LiLeiistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.

anyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.

therestofthestudentsinhisclass.

=NooneisastallasLiLeiinhisclass.

=NooneistallerthanLiLeiinhisclass.

难点2:多个形容词的排序问题(了解)

口诀:限观形龄颜国材(县官行令宴国才)

规则:

1.限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形物代、名词所有格、数词

2.(观点)描绘性形容词,如beautiful,fine,interesting等

3.表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词,如tall,high,small,little,round等

4.表示年龄、新旧的形容词,如young,old,new等

5.表示颜色的形容词,如black,white,blue等

6.表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词

7.表示构成材料的形容词

e.g.两个圆形蓝色塑料盘:_______________________________

两张新的中国式木制大圆桌:_____________________________

二、副词

难点1:兼有两种形式的副词

close___________Heissittingclosetome.

closely___________Watchhimclosely.

late___________Youhavecometoolate.

lately___________Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?

deep___________Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.

deeply___________Iwasdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm.

high___________Theplanewasflyinghigh.

highly___________Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.

wide___________Heopenedthedoorwide.

widely___________Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.

free___________Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurant.

freely___________Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.

三、介词及介词短语

(一)重点介词辨析

1.时间介词in,on,at

一般特殊

at+时间点atnoon/night/dawn

on+日期/星期具体的某天早上中午晚上

in+世纪,年代,年,季节,月inthemorning/evening/afternoon

2.方位介词in,on,to

________________________

3.地点介词in___________,at__________,on____________

4.方位介词两“中间”

amongbetween

5.方位介词两前两后

6.方位介词两“通过”

acrossthrough

7.方位介词三上三下

8.方式介词:with,without,by,but,except,besides,exceptfor等

(二)to作为介词时的常考短语

lookforwardto________(do)sth.

payattentionto________(do)sth.

devoteoneselfto________(do)sth.

be/become/getusedto________(do)sth.

makeacontributionto________(do)sth.

preferdoingto________(do)sth.

(三)动介短语VS动副短语

动副短语中代词作宾语时必须放在动词后副词前,当宾语是名词时,放在副词的前后均可。

初中常考动(副)介短语

到达:arrive_______闯入:break________担心:worry________

请求;要求:ask________和……意见一致:agree______

拜访;访问:call_______担心;关心:care_______

顺便来访:come_______赶上;追上:catch___________

lookatpointatlaughatknockat/on

dependoninsistongeton/offfalloff

comeupwithdealwithtalkwith/to

pointtospeaktogettohappentolistentoreplyto

learnabouttalkaboutthinkaboutknowaboutdreamabout/ofthinkof

knockintofallintogetindropin/bygoby

payforlookforwaitfor

lookaftergothroughlearnfromlooklike

初中常考动副短语

使高兴:cheer_______分发:give_______出故障:break_______

浏览:look________脱下:take_______爆发:break________

快点:come________回来:come________出版:come________

叫醒某人:wake________用光:use________

bringoutcleanoutpickouthandoutputoutsendouttakeout

findouthangoutpointoutsellout

senduphangupmakeupshowupstandupstayupwakeup

cleanuppickupgiveupputupsetupturnupdressup

getupgoupgrowup

cutdownputdowntakedowngodownfalldownliedown

putontryonfeedongoonhandonholdonkeepon

putoffturnoffgooffshowoffsetoffrunoff

putawaysendawaytakeawaygoaway

givebackgetbackputbackgobackpayback

thinkovergetovergooverlookover

handingivein

一、单选

()1.MyfamilyandIhada(n)______tripinTaiwanbecauseofthetyphoonandrainstorm.

A.suitableB.impatientC.unpleasantD.comfortable

()2.Itwassuchan______jokethateveryonefelt______.

A.embarrassed;embarrassingB.embarrassed;embarrassed

C.embarrassing;embarrassingD.embarrassing;embarrassed

()3.Isthisaphotoofyourdaughter?Shelooks______inthepinkdress!

A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politelyD.happily

()4.—George,howcanyouprovetheearthisround?

—Ican’t,sir._______,Ineversaiditwas.

A.ThenB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Instead

()5.—Doyoulikethewesternfood,LiHua?

—No,Ithinkthefoodofourcountryis______thatofwesterncountries.

A.asdeliciousasB.lessdeliciousthan

C.notasdeliciousasD.muchmoredeliciousthan

()6.—Thestuntmanisplanningtowalkonthewingsofaflyingplane.

—What?!I’veneverheardof______ideabefore.

A.acrazierB.thecrazierC.acraziestD.thecraziest

()7.Iknowyouareshorterthanyourbrothers,butyourun______.

A.morefasterB.fastestC.morefastD.fast

()8.Wewillneverforgetwhathappened______theafternoonofMay12,2008.

A.inB.byC.atD.on

()9.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon’thaveenoughmoney_____me.

A.byB.forC.inD.with

()10.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisback______abigtree.

A.inB.belowC.besideD.against

()11.—Whendidyoulasthear______Jay?

—Hephonedmethismorning,andweagreed_______atimeandplacetomeet.

A.of;toB.about;withC.from;withD.from;on

()12.Attimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudon’tneedatall.Soyouhavetobecareful.请选出与划线部分同义的选项。

A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes

()13.Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas_______.

A.outofsightB.outofreachC.outoforderD.outofplace

()14.Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem_______.

A.onpurposeB.inallC.ontimeD.afterall

()15.Thatwomanwillquarrel______everybody______anything.

A.about;aboutB.about;withC.with;aboutD.with;with

二、根据句意,用适当的介词填空

1.Herearesomeflowers_______you_______ourbestwishes.

2.Wecan’tlive_______waterorair.

3.Japanis______theeastofChina.

三、根据提示填空

4.Ithinkthisproblemismuch_____________(easy)thanthatone.

5.Heisa(an)_____________(honest)boysoweseldombelievewhathesays.

6.Whatshouldwedotohelpthe_____________(home)peopleaftertheearthquake?

7.Danieldidtheexercisestoo_____________(粗心),anditmadehisteacherveryangry.

8.Finallywe_______________________(想出)anidea.

9.___________________(越忙)heis,___________________(越高兴)hefeels.

10.Shanghaiis__________________________________(最现代的城市之一)inChina.

一、形容词

排序:限观形龄颜国材

好美小高状其新,颜色国料用途亲

美小圆旧黄,法国木书房

功能:作表语、作定语、作宾语补足语

重点1:形容词比较等级

原级常见句型:

as+adj./adv.(原级)+as

notas/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as

比较级常见句型:

比较级+than

Which/Whois+形容词(比较级),A+or+B?

比and比

the比,the比

修饰语:any/no/much/many/very/alot/lots/agreatdeal/rather/times/far/alittle/abit/even/still等

最高级常见句型:

最高级+of/in+范围

oneof+最高级+名词

the+序数词+最高级+名词

最高级+定语从句

修饰语:(by)far/much/nearly/almost/notquite/bynomeans/very/second/next等

重点2:ing形容词和ed形容词

令人感动的:moving疲倦的:tired有极大吸引力的;迷人的:fascinating

难点1:形容词比较级别的转换(句子转换)

anyotherstudenttheotherstudents

难点2:多个形容词的排序问题(了解)

两个圆形蓝色塑料盘:tworoundblueplasticplates

两张新的中国式木制大圆桌:twobigroundnewChinesewoodentables

二、副词

动词;形容词;状语

难点1:兼有两种形式的副词

近;仔细地晚;最近深(具体);深深地(抽象)

高(具体);高度(抽象)宽(具体);广泛地(抽象)免费;无限制地

三、介词及介词短语

表语;定语;状语;宾语补足语

(一)重点介词辨析

2.in;on;to

3.in“在……里”,表示一个范围(或大地方)

at“在……”,表示一个点(或小地方)

on“在……上”,表示…的表面上

(二)to作为介词时的常考短语

doing;doing;doing;doing;doing;doing

(三)动介短语VS动副短语

初中常考动(副)介短语

到达:arrivein/at闯入:breakinto担心:worryabout

请求;要求:askfor和……意见一致:agreewith

拜访;访问:callon(sb.)/at(sth.)担心;关心:careabout

顺便来访:comeover赶上;追上:catchupwith

初中常考动副短语

使高兴:cheerup分发:giveout出故障:breakdown

浏览:lookthrough/over脱下:takeoff爆发:breakout

快点:comeon回来:comeback出版:comeout

叫醒某人:wakeup用光:useup

一、1—5:CDACD6—10:ABDDD11—15:DBADC

二、16.for;with17.without18.to

三、19.easier20.dishonest21.homeless

22.carelessly23.came/comeupwith24.Thebusier;thehappier

25.oneofthemostmoderncities

2013年中考英语语法形容词、副词考点知识复习


老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中,大家应该开始写教案课件了。我们制定教案课件工作计划,才能对工作更加有帮助!你们会写多少教案课件范文呢?为了让您在使用时更加简单方便,下面是小编整理的“2013年中考英语语法形容词、副词考点知识复习”,仅供您在工作和学习中参考。

形容词、副词
(一)知识概要?
形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。?其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。?英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:?
构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall
youngtaller?
younger
tallest
youngest
只加r或stnice?
large
nicer
larger
nicest?
largest
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig?
fat?
hot
bigger
fatterw
hotter
biggest?
fattest
hottest
不规则变化的形容词或副词:?
原级比较级最高级
goodbetterbest
Wellbetterbest
badworseworst
badlyworseworst
manymoremost
mostmoremost
littlelesslest
farfarther
further
farthest
furthest
oldolder?
elder
oldest?
eldest
要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:?
构词法形容词副词
一般加lyCareful
kind
carefully
kindly
尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappy
busy
easy
Happily
busily
easily
其他true
terrible
full
possible
shy
whole
truly
terribly
fully
possibly
shyly
wholly
在学习过程中要注意其变化。?
此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修饰最高级的有:thevery,muchthe,far等。?
(二)正误辨析?
[误]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch.?
[正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch.?
[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:Thebeautifulisnotalwayskindness.美丽并不总代表善良。?
[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.?
[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.?
[析]意为:"危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。?
[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.?
[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.?
[析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。
[误]Sheisawarmheartwoman.?
[正]Sheisawarm?heartedwoman.?
[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:?warm?hoarted热心肠的,white?haired白毛的?
[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.?
[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.?
[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake等。?
[误]Theillmannearlydied.?
[正]Thesickmannearlydied.?
[析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluck(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣),illtemper(心绪不好)?
[误]Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.?
[正]Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.?
[析]不定代词something,anyone,somebody…在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。如:Ihaveanimportantthingtotellyou.?
[误]IllbefreeonnextSunday.?
[正]IllbefreenextSunday.?
[析]在表达将来时的时候:nextSunday,nextweek,nextyear或lastSundaylastweek,lastyear前都不加介词。?
[误]Thegirlistwo?yearold.?
[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.?
[正]Sheisatwo?year?oldgirl??
[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:two?thousand?wordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语。?
[误]TheforeignerslikethoselittlebeautifulChinesepaintings.?
[正]TheforeignerslikethosebeautifullittleChinesepaintings.?
[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。?
1.指示代词,定冠词2.数量词3.性质词4.大小?5.形状6.老少,新旧7.颜色8.材料?
但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。?
如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!?
ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.?
[误]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.
[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.
[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:Heiswell.(他身体很好)。Heisgood.(他是个好人)。?
[误]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.?
[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily??
[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.?
[误]Theteacherlookedangryatthestudents.?
[正]Theteacherlookedangrilyatthestudents.?
[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:Thefoodsmellsgood.食物闻起来很香。Theteacherlookedangry老师看起来很生气。?而此句的意思为:"老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。?
[误]Heworkedwithmefriendly.?
[正]Hewasfriendlytome.?
[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively…monthlyweekly…。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early,hourly,monthly…?
[误]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofyourfriends.?
[正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofyourfriends.?
[析]free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的"。作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的"。这些要注意的词还有:?hard努力,艰苦hardly几乎不late迟,晚?lately最近的,最新的near近nearly几乎?like像likely几乎?
[误]Theymusthavearrivedtillnow.?
[正]Theymusthavearrivedbynow.?
[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而tillnow是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。?musthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。?
[误]Someonecalledyourightnow.?
[正]Someonecalledyoujustnow.?
[析]justnow有两个意思,其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而rightnow只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.?
[误]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericaatpresent.?
[正]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericapresently.?
[析]presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与atpresent相同。而forthepresent为暂时,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepresent.
[误]Illbebackatthemoment.?
[正]Illbebackinamoment.?
[析]atthemoment其意为"现在,当时",而inamoment意为"马上过一会",与inaminute意思相近。?
[误]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereintime.?
[正]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereontime.?
[析]ontime为"准时",而intime有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:Thedoctorarrivedintime。其二是"将来,终究"。?
[误]Imetanoldfriendsometimeslastmonth.?
[正]Imetanoldfriendsometimelastmonth.?
[析]Sometime过去,或者将来某时。?Sometimes有时?
如:SometimesIgotoschoolbybus.?Sometime一些时间?
如:Ineedsometimetodomyhomework.?Sometimes几次?
如:IwenttoShanghaisometimesthismonth.?
attimes有时,偶尔?
atalltimes经常?
someothertime改天?
[误]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?
[正]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.?
[正]Imetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?
*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。?
[误]Hestudiedveryhard.andattheendhepassedtheexam.?
[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexam.?
[析]intheend=atlast意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而attheend是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveussomestorybooks。?
[误]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.?
[正]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.?
[析]everythreedays为"每三天",即每隔二天,而everyotherday为每隔一天。
[误]Hedidntgotothecinemayesterday.andIdidntgo,too.?
[正]HedidntgotothecinemayesterdayandIdidntgoeither.?
[析]英语中表示"也",有4个字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与aswell一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:Ivealsoreadherothernovels.?
[误]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?
[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?
[析]anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:Whataterribleaccident,anywaynoonewashurt.?
anyway为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:?
everyday日常的everyday每天?
faraway遥远的faraway远离?
altogether总计alltogether一块,大家一起?
already已经allready全准备好了?
[误]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?
[正]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?
[析]anytime是副词而anytime中的time是名词。?
[误]Shesaidnearlynothing.?
[正]Shesaidalmostnothing.?
[析]nearly与almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。
[误]Therearetoomuchmistakesinyourhomework.?
[正]Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.?
[析]toomuch后接不可数名词,如:Thereistoomuchwaterfortheflowers.而toomany后加可数名词,muchtoo后面加形容词,如:ItismuchtoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.?
[误]Itislateenoughthatwecangohomenow.?
[正]Itislateenoughforustogohomenow.?
[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:forsomebodytodosomething。?
[误]Thetwinsareveryalike.?
[正]Thetwinsaremuchalike.?
[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。?
[误]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents??
-Onceaweek.?
[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents??
-Onceaweek.?
[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用howoften。?
[误]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallupyou.?
[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallyouup.?
[析]当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。?如:IwanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以讲:PleaseturntheTVon.?
[误]Hedrovequicklyhisnewcar.?
[正]Hedrovehisnewcarquickly.?
[析]副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:Hequicklygivemetheanswer.②在be动词之后,如:Thelittleboyisoftenlateforclass.③第一助动词之后,如:Thisbookhasalmostbeenfinished.④在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如:Canyouhelpmethisafternoon??Icertainlycan.?但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词
词组作宾语则才可以这样用:?
Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.?
[误]Thechildrencamelateyesterdaytothecinema.?
[正]Thechildrencamelatetothecinemayesterday.?
[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。
[误]Youhavefewnewbooks,haventyou??
[正]youhavefewnewbooks,haveyou??
[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),afew(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),alittle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。
[误]Hespentquitelittlemoneyonhisfood.?
[正]Hespentquitealittlemoneyonhisfood.?
[析]quitea为一固定用法,其意为"十分,相当,所以"。quiteafew=many,quitealittle=much而onlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.?
[误]Doyouwanttohavemanybread??
[正]Doyouwanttohavesomebread??
[析]some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。其次是some可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。?
[误]Pleasetellmewheretheshoesshopis??
[正]Pleasetellmewheretheshoeshopis.?
[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:?
ashoeshop鞋店
afruitshop水果店
abookshop书店?
apostoffice邮局
apolicestation警察局
abusstop汽车站?
[误]Heisweakatphysics.?
[正]Heisweakinphysics.?
[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用begoodatsomething,而其反意词为bebadatsomething,但beweakinsomething。?
[误]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.?
[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.?
[析]beworth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。?
[误]Dontafraidofthat.?
[正]Dontbeafraidofthat.?
[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:?
beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心?
becertainof有把握,确定besureof确信?
begladof高兴besickof厌恶?
befondof喜欢?
[误]Theworkhasalreadybeendonewell.?
[正]Theworkhasalreadybeenwelldone.?
[析]well与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:Thismachinehasbeenbadlydamaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:Ididmyhomeworkwell.?
[误]Weareyetintheclassroomnow.?
[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroomnow.?
[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:
Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.?
[误]Look.Herecomeshe!?
[正]Look!Herehecomes!?
[误]Look!Herethebuscomes!?
[正]Look!Herecomesthebus!?
[析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。?
[误]Sheismyoldersister.?
[正]Sheismyeldersister.?
[析]elder和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oldest则是指岁数大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.?
[误]Imtired.Icantgofurther.?
[正]Imtired.Icantgofarther.?
[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如:Doyouneedanyfurtherexplanation?你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.?
[误]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.?
[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.?
[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。?
[误]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??
-No,notalready.?
[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??
-No,notyet.?
[析]仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already,yet与still。要注意的是already经常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:Westillcantdecidewhattodo.但也有时用于be动词之后,如:Heisstillhere.?
[误]HeisveryhigherthanIam.?
[正]HeismuchhigherthanIam.?
[析]much可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如:Imverytired.
[误]-CanIwalktothestation??-Youdbetternot.Itisveryfar.?
[正]-CanIwalktothestation??
-Youdbetternot,Itisalongway.?
[析]for一般用在疑问句与否定句中,如:Howfarisitfromheretothestation?又如:Itisntfar.?
[误]IveeverbeentoAmerica.?
[正]IvebeentoAmericaonce.?
[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon??
[误]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??
-No,Iamnotafraidso.?
[正]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??
-No,Imafraidnot.?
[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Doyouthinksheisagoodstudent?YesIthinkso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/Imafraidso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,Idontthinkso而在hope,belive与afraid后则常用not,如:Ihopenot.?
[误]Shedidntworkenoughhard,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?
[正]Shedidntworkhardenough,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?
[析]enough可以作名词用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglishwell.(对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)?另外它可以作为形容词,如:Ihaveenoughmoney(ormoneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?
[误]Youcantbeverycareful.?
[正]Youcantbetoocareful.?
[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事"。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensiveforme.那对我来讲是太贵了。?
[误]Heisgoodpastfifty.?
[正]Heiswellpastfifty.?
[析]well作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地",等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;?
Heiswell.?
Heisgood.?
其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同。Heiswell是"他身体不错",而Heisgood则为"他是个好人"。?
[误]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.?
[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.
[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,almost,exactly…等置?于第一?个as之前。?
[误]HeissameageasTom.?
[正]HeisthesameageasTom.?
[析]thesame…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。?
[误]Motherandherdaughterareexactlylike.?
[正]Motherandherdaughterareexactlyalike.?
*like作为介词,其意为"像",应用于looklike,belike,soundlike,其后要加宾语。而?alike?是形容词,或副词,如:YouandIthinkalike.Thetwinsaredressedalike。但alike仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。?
[误]Whoistallerofthetwo??
[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo??
[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。?
[误]IhavelessbooksthanTom.?
[正]IhavefewerbooksthanTom.?
[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。?
[误]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.TheclevererisMary.?
[正]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.ThecleverestisMary.?
[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。?
[误]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.?
[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.?
[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.?
[误]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnmore.?
[正]Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.?
[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法:①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlonger。要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more,这样的用法是:moreandmore加形容词,如:Thegirlisgrowingmoreandmorebeautiful.?
[误]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.
[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.?
[析]在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如:Torepairtheoldoneisasmuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.?
[误]Thegirlismoreclevererthantheboy.?
[正]Thegirlismuchmoreclever(muchcleverer)thantheboy.?
[析]clever有两个比较级:cleverer和moreclever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。?clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处,如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用moreclever,如:Heismorecleverthanhonest.(他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)?
[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.?
[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.?
[析]最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。?
[误]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionary.?
[正]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionaries.?
[析]在oneof后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。?
[误]ThisdictionaryisthemuchbestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.
[正]ThisdictionaryismuchthebestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.
[析]在修饰最高级时应用far/byfar/much加the加最高级。但very例外,如:Heistheverybestplayerintheteam.?
[误]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinChina.?
[正]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.?
[析]在比较级中表示比较对象时如用anyother其后一般要加单数名词。?
[误]MostofstoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[正]MostofthestoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[正]MoststoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[析]"大多数"一词的表达法有mostofthe+名词,或most+名词。当用前一种结构时,其后面的定冠词不可少。?
[误]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthisroom.?
[正]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthatofthisroom.?
[析]比较级用于两句话之间时,比较的部分不可省略掉,但为了避免重复,一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词,而用those代替前面的复数名词,如:Thebooksinthatboxarebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。?
[误]Heisnomorehere.Maybeheisathome.?
[正]Heisnolongerhere.Maybeheisathome.?
[析]nomore在现代英语中多译为:"从此再也不会了",如:Hisvoiceisnomorehere.他已经去世了,他的声音不可能再出现了。而用nolonger表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意:?Thisroomisnocleanerthanthatone.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净)Thisroomisnotcleanerthanthatone,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净,一间不干净。)?
(三)例题解析?
1?IthinkChineseis___thanmaths.?
A.interestingB?moreinteresting?
C.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting?
[答案]B.?
[析]在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。?
2?-WhatdoesLucylikebetter,singingordancing??
-Singing.ofcourse.Shesknownto___it.?
A.begoodatB.begoodfor
C.bebadatD.bebadfor?
[答案]A.?
[析]begoodat为固定搭配,意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢,而不能似是而非。如:?begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweekin,befitfor?
3?TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inChina.?
A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriver?
C.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver?
[答案]C.?
[析]在oneof+定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。?
4?Thegirlwas___afraid___shethrewherbagaway.?
A.so,thatB.too,toC.too,thatD.enough,to?
[答案]A.?
[析]so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何",此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何,以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形,而不是从句。?
5?Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.?
A.hotB.hoter
C.hotterD.thehottest?
[答案]C.?
[析]用than表达比较的句中应用比较级。?
6?Whichsubjectdoyoulike___,EnglishChineseormaths??
A.bestB.well
C.betterD.good?
[答案]A.?
[析]在两者之间应用比较级,而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。?
7?Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.?
A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefully
C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful?
[答案]C.?
[析]首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词,应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?
8?___sheeats,___shellbe.?
A.More…fatB.Themore…fatter?
C.More…thefatterD.Themore…thefatter?
[答案]D.?
[析]the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为:她吃得越多,她就会越胖。?
9?IdontthinkEnglishis___Chinese.?
A.asimportantasB.notimportantas?
C.notsoimportantD.importantas?
[答案]A.?
[析]think+宾语从句时,应采用否定主句的形式,如:中文讲,"我认为你不对",英文应为:"我不认为你对"。Idontthinkyouareright.所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。?
10?MissGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___English.?A.areinterestedinB.areinterestingin?
C.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto?
[答案]A.?
[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如:aninterestingbook,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如:interested其含意是"被……所吸引,感动"。而interesting则为"使人感兴趣的",如:aninterestingman一个有趣、风趣的人。?
11?Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel___.?
A.aloneB.lonely
C.happilyD.friendly?
[答案]B.?
[析]alone意为"独自的,一个人的",它只能作表语不能作定语。Iamnotaloneindoingsuchathing.而lonely意为"寂寞的,孤单的",如:Theoldmanfeltlonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.?
12?Whata___cough!Youseem___ill.?
A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible?
C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly?
[答案]A.?
[析]terrible是形容词,而terribly是副词,第一个空是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。?
13?Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgoteverything.?A.soB.too
C.veryD.much?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。?
14?Whichis___,LiLeisboxorHanMeimeisbox??
A.heavyB.heavier
C.moreheavierD.theheaviest?
[答案]B.?
[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级。?
15?YoudontlikethesamecoloursandIdontlikethem,___.?
A.tooB.also
C.eitherD.neither?
[答案]C.?
[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。?
16?Jimis___atallhislessons.AndImsurehelldovery___intheexams.?
A.well,goodB.good,well
C.well,wellD.good,good
[答案]B.?
[析]good为形容词,如:Heisgood.他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如:Heiswell为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如:HespeaksEnglishwell.?
17?Youlook___thanbefore,why??
A.morethinB.morethinner
C.muchmorethinD.muchthinner?
[答案]D.?
[析]多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner。?
18?Letsgooutforsuppernow.Imvery___.?
A.hungryB.angry
C.tiredD.thirsty?
[答案]A.?
[析]hungry-饿,angry-生气,tired-紧,疲劳,thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。?
19?-Canyouunderstandme??
-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.?
A.hardlyB.almost
C.evenD.ever?
[答案]A.?
[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白",所以只能选hardly。?
20?"___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?"?
"Abouttwiceamonth."?
A.HowoftenB.Howsoon
C.HowmuchD.Howlong?
[答案]A.?
[析]howoften用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率。howsoon是问从现在起还有多久。?
21?ChangjiangRiveris___riverinChina??
A.longB.longer
C.longestD.thelongest?
[答案]D.?
22?Illwork___Ican.?
A.sohardlyasB.sohardas
C.ashardlyasD.ashardas?
[答案]D.?
[析]hard可用作形容词和副词,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood?又如:Itisraininghard。而hardly是副词,其词义是"几乎不",如:HardlydidIsleeplastnight.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中。?
23?Itisvery___tolistentohim.?
A.interestedB.interesting
C.interestedinD.interest?
[答案]B.?
[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,①兴趣,②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词interesting是"使人感兴趣的",而interested是"感兴趣的"如:HeisinterestedinEnglish.?
24?Thingsare___worsethanIthought.?
A.moreB.few
C.veryD.much?
[答案]D.?
[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。?
25?Itisoneoclock,butherfatherhasntcomeback___.?
A.alreadyB.still
C.tooD.yet?
[答案]D.?
[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句。?
26?ComradeChenis___olderthanI.?
A.veryB.more
C.muchD.quite?
[答案]C.?
[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much,far,evenalittle,byfar等。?
27?Shedidherhomework___.?
A.carefullyB.careful
C.careD.careless?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里应填入副词,而careless是由care加less后辍得来的,less意为"没有",是否定之意,如:careless-不小心,homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。?
28?TheycantanswerthequestioninJapanese;wecantanswerit,___.?A.alsoB.too
C.eitherD.neither?
[答案]C.?
29?-Howareyourparents??
-Theyarevery___,thankyou.?
A.goodB.kind
C.wellD.happy?
[答案]C.?
[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。?30?Peterruns___inourclass.?
A.thefastB.faster
C.fastestD.mostfast?
[答案]C.?
[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词。?
31?Wewereall___gladthatwesanganddanced.?
A.suchB.so
C.veryD.quite?
[答案]B.?
[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。?
32?Katesings___Joan.?
A.aswellasB.asgoodas
C.sogoodasD.asbetteras?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里well为副词,意为"唱得好"。?
33?Thiseggsmells___,thoughitlooksallright.?
A.goodB.well
C.badD?badly?
[答案]C.?
[析]smell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词。同样的词,还有sound,feel,seem、become(变成)等等,如:Icefeelscoldinwinter.?
34?Waitaminute,Ihave___totellyou.?
A.somethinginterestedB.somethinginteresting?
C.interestingsomethingD.anythinginteresting?
[答案]B.?
[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。?
35?Ishallvisityou___nextyear.?
A.sometimesB.sometime
C.sometimeD.sometimes?
[答案]B.?
[析]sometimes有时,sometime某一时刻,sometime一段时间,sometimes若干次?
36?Mysistersaidshewouldtrytospeak___Englisheveryday.?
A.alittleB.afew
C.litttleD.few?
[答案]A.?
[析]little修饰不可数名词,而alittle意为"一些,一点"。?
37?Ihave___friendshereandIoftenvisitthem.?
A.fewB.little
C.afewD.alittle?
[答案]C.?
[析]afew意为"有些",few后面要加可数名词复数。?
38?Ofallthesebooks,doyouthink,whichoneis___??
A.interestingB.muchinteresting?
C.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting?
[答案]D.?
[析]Ofallthesebooks是用来表示最高级的范围

2011届中考英语语法复习:形容词、副词复习?


形容词、副词?

(一)知识概要?

形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。?其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。?英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:?

构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall

youngtaller?

younger

tallest

youngest

只加r或stnice?

large

nicer

larger

nicest?

largest

重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig?

fat?

hot

bigger

fatter

hotter

biggest?

fattest

hottest

不规则变化的形容词或副词:?

原级比较级最高级

goodbetterbest

Wellbetterbest

badworseworst

badlyworseworst

manymoremost

mostmoremost

littlelesslest

farfarther

further

farthest

furthest

oldolder?

elder

oldest?

eldest

要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:?

构词法形容词副词

一般加lyCareful

kind

carefully

kindly

尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappy

busy

easy

Happily

busily

easily

其他true

terrible

full

possible

shy

whole

truly

terribly

fully

possibly

shyly

wholly

在学习过程中要注意其变化。?

此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修饰最高级的有:thevery,muchthe,far等。?

(二)正误辨析?

[误]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch.?

[正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch.?

[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:Thebeautifulisnotalwayskindness.美丽并不总代表善良。?

[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.?

[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.?

[析]意为:"危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。?

[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.?

[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.?

[析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。

[误]Sheisawarmheartwoman.?

[正]Sheisawarm?heartedwoman.?

[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:?warm?hoarted热心肠的,white?haired白毛的?

[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.?

[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.?

[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake等。?

[误]Theillmannearlydied.?

[正]Thesickmannearlydied.?

[析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluck(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣),illtemper(心绪不好)?

[误]Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.?

[正]Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.?

[析]不定代词something,anyone,somebody…在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。如:Ihaveanimportantthingtotellyou.?

[误]IllbefreeonnextSunday.?

[正]IllbefreenextSunday.?

[析]在表达将来时的时候:nextSunday,nextweek,nextyear或lastSundaylastweek,lastyear前都不加介词。?

[误]Thegirlistwo?yearold.?

[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.?

[正]Sheisatwo?year?oldgirl??

[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:two?thousand?wordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语。?

[误]TheforeignerslikethoselittlebeautifulChinesepaintings.?

[正]TheforeignerslikethosebeautifullittleChinesepaintings.?

[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。?

1.指示代词,定冠词2.数量词3.性质词4.大小?5.形状6.老少,新旧7.颜色8.材料?

但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。?

如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!?

ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.?

[误]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.

[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.

[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:Heiswell.(他身体很好)。Heisgood.(他是个好人)。?

[误]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.?

[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily??

[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.?

[误]Theteacherlookedangryatthestudents.?

[正]Theteacherlookedangrilyatthestudents.?

[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:Thefoodsmellsgood.食物闻起来很香。Theteacherlookedangry老师看起来很生气。?而此句的意思为:"老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。?

[误]Heworkedwithmefriendly.?

[正]Hewasfriendlytome.?

[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively…monthlyweekly…。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early,hourly,monthly…?

[误]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofyourfriends.?

[正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofyourfriends.?

[析]free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的"。作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的"。这些要注意的词还有:?hard努力,艰苦hardly几乎不late迟,晚?lately最近的,最新的near近nearly几乎?like像likely几乎?

[误]Theymusthavearrivedtillnow.?

[正]Theymusthavearrivedbynow.?

[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而tillnow是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。?musthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。?

[误]Someonecalledyourightnow.?

[正]Someonecalledyoujustnow.?

[析]justnow有两个意思,其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而rightnow只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.?

[误]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericaatpresent.?

[正]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericapresently.?

[析]presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与atpresent相同。而forthepresent为暂时,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepresent.

[误]Illbebackatthemoment.?

[正]Illbebackinamoment.?

[析]atthemoment其意为"现在,当时",而inamoment意为"马上过一会",与inaminute意思相近。?

[误]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereintime.?

[正]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereontime.?

[析]ontime为"准时",而intime有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:Thedoctorarrivedintime。其二是"将来,终究"。?

[误]Imetanoldfriendsometimeslastmonth.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendsometimelastmonth.?

[析]Sometime过去,或者将来某时。?Sometimes有时?

如:SometimesIgotoschoolbybus.?Sometime一些时间?

如:Ineedsometimetodomyhomework.?Sometimes几次?

如:IwenttoShanghaisometimesthismonth.?

attimes有时,偶尔?

atalltimes经常?

someothertime改天?

[误]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

[正]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。?

[误]Hestudiedveryhard.andattheendhepassedtheexam.?

[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexam.?

[析]intheend=atlast意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而attheend是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveussomestorybooks。?

[误]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.?

[正]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.?

[析]everythreedays为"每三天",即每隔二天,而everyotherday为每隔一天。

[误]Hedidntgotothecinemayesterday.andIdidntgo,too.?

[正]HedidntgotothecinemayesterdayandIdidntgoeither.?

[析]英语中表示"也",有4个字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与aswell一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:Ivealsoreadherothernovels.?

[误]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[析]anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:Whataterribleaccident,anywaynoonewashurt.?

anyway为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:?

everyday日常的everyday每天?

faraway遥远的faraway远离?

altogether总计alltogether一块,大家一起?

already已经allready全准备好了?

[误]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?

[正]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?

[析]anytime是副词而anytime中的time是名词。?

[误]Shesaidnearlynothing.?

[正]Shesaidalmostnothing.?

[析]nearly与almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。

[误]Therearetoomuchmistakesinyourhomework.?

[正]Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.?

[析]toomuch后接不可数名词,如:Thereistoomuchwaterfortheflowers.而toomany后加可数名词,muchtoo后面加形容词,如:ItismuchtoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.?

[误]Itislateenoughthatwecangohomenow.?

[正]Itislateenoughforustogohomenow.?

[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:forsomebodytodosomething。?

[误]Thetwinsareveryalike.?

[正]Thetwinsaremuchalike.?

[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。?

[误]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用howoften。?

[误]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallupyou.?

[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallyouup.?

[析]当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。?如:IwanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以讲:PleaseturntheTVon.?

[误]Hedrovequicklyhisnewcar.?

[正]Hedrovehisnewcarquickly.?

[析]副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:Hequicklygivemetheanswer.②在be动词之后,如:Thelittleboyisoftenlateforclass.③第一助动词之后,如:Thisbookhasalmostbeenfinished.④在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如:Canyouhelpmethisafternoon??Icertainlycan.?但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词

词组作宾语则才可以这样用:?

Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.?

[误]Thechildrencamelateyesterdaytothecinema.?

[正]Thechildrencamelatetothecinemayesterday.?

[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。

[误]Youhavefewnewbooks,haventyou??

[正]youhavefewnewbooks,haveyou??

[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),afew(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),alittle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。

[误]Hespentquitelittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[正]Hespentquitealittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[析]quitea为一固定用法,其意为"十分,相当,所以"。quiteafew=many,quitealittle=much而onlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.

[误]Doyouwanttohavemanybread??

[正]Doyouwanttohavesomebread??

[析]some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。其次是some可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。?

[误]Pleasetellmewheretheshoesshopis??

[正]Pleasetellmewheretheshoeshopis.?

[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:?

ashoeshop鞋店

afruitshop水果店

abookshop书店?

apostoffice邮局

apolicestation警察局

abusstop汽车站?

[误]Heisweakatphysics.?

[正]Heisweakinphysics.?

[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用begoodatsomething,而其反意词为bebadatsomething,但beweakinsomething。?

[误]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.?

[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.?

[析]beworth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。?

[误]Dontafraidofthat.?

[正]Dontbeafraidofthat.?

[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:?

beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心?

becertainof有把握,确定besureof确信?

begladof高兴besickof厌恶?

befondof喜欢?

[误]Theworkhasalreadybeendonewell.?

[正]Theworkhasalreadybeenwelldone.?

[析]well与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:Thismachinehasbeenbadlydamaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:Ididmyhomeworkwell.[误]Weareyetintheclassroomnow.?

[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroomnow.?

[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:

Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.?

[误]Look.Herecomeshe!?

[正]Look!Herehecomes!?

[误]Look!Herethebuscomes!?

[正]Look!Herecomesthebus!?

[析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。?

[误]Sheismyoldersister.?

[正]Sheismyeldersister.?

[析]elder和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oldest则是指岁数大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.?

[误]Imtired.Icantgofurther.?

[正]Imtired.Icantgofarther.?

[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如:Doyouneedanyfurtherexplanation?你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.?

[误]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.?

[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.?

[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。?

[误]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notalready.?

[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notyet.?

[析]仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already,yet与still。要注意的是already经常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:Westillcantdecidewhattodo.但也有时用于be动词之后,如:Heisstillhere.?

[误]HeisveryhigherthanIam.?

[正]HeismuchhigherthanIam.?

[析]much可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如:Imverytired.

[误]-CanIwalktothestation??-Youdbetternot.Itisveryfar.?

[正]-CanIwalktothestation??

-Youdbetternot,Itisalongway.?

[析]for一般用在疑问句与否定句中,如:Howfarisitfromheretothestation?又如:Itisntfar.?

[误]IveeverbeentoAmerica.?

[正]IvebeentoAmericaonce.?

[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon??

[误]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,Iamnotafraidso.?

[正]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,Imafraidnot.?

[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Doyouthinksheisagoodstudent?YesIthinkso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/Imafraidso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,Idontthinkso而在hope,belive与afraid后则常用not,如:Ihopenot.?

[误]Shedidntworkenoughhard,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?

[正]Shedidntworkhardenough,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?

[析]enough可以作名词用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglishwell.(对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)?另外它可以作为形容词,如:Ihaveenoughmoney(ormoneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?

[误]Youcantbeverycareful.?

[正]Youcantbetoocareful.?

[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事"。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensiveforme.那对我来讲是太贵了。?

[误]Heisgoodpastfifty.?

[正]Heiswellpastfifty.?

[析]well作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地",等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;?

Heiswell.?

Heisgood.?

其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同。Heiswell是"他身体不错",而Heisgood则为"他是个好人"。?

[误]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.?

[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.?

[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,almost,exactly…等置?于第一?个as之前。?

[误]HeissameageasTom.?

[正]HeisthesameageasTom.?

[析]thesame…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。?

[误]Motherandherdaughterareexactlylike.?

[正]Motherandherdaughterareexactlyalike.?

*like作为介词,其意为"像",应用于looklike,belike,soundlike,其后要加宾语。而?alike?是形容词,或副词,如:YouandIthinkalike.Thetwinsaredressedalike。但alike仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。?

[误]Whoistallerofthetwo??

[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo??

[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。?

[误]IhavelessbooksthanTom.?

[正]IhavefewerbooksthanTom.?

[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。?

[误]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.TheclevererisMary.?

[正]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.ThecleverestisMary.?

[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。?

[误]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.?

[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.?

[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.?

[误]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnmore.?

[正]Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.?

[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法:①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlonger。要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more,这样的用法是:moreandmore加形容词,如:Thegirlisgrowingmoreandmorebeautiful.?

[误]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.?

[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.?

[析]在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如:Torepairtheoldoneisasmuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.?

[误]Thegirlismoreclevererthantheboy.?

[正]Thegirlismuchmoreclever(muchcleverer)thantheboy.?

[析]clever有两个比较级:cleverer和moreclever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。?clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处,如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用moreclever,如:Heismorecleverthanhonest.(他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)?

[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.?

[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.?

[析]最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。?

[误]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionary.?

[正]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionaries.?

[析]在oneof后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。?

[误]ThisdictionaryisthemuchbestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.

[正]ThisdictionaryismuchthebestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.

[析]在修饰最高级时应用far/byfar/much加the加最高级。但very例外,如:Heistheverybestplayerintheteam.?

[误]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinChina.?

[正]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.?

[析]在比较级中表示比较对象时如用anyother其后一般要加单数名词。?

[误]MostofstoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[正]MostofthestoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[正]MoststoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[析]"大多数"一词的表达法有mostofthe+名词,或most+名词。当用前一种结构时,其后面的定冠词不可少。?

[误]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthisroom.?

[正]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthatofthisroom.?

[析]比较级用于两句话之间时,比较的部分不可省略掉,但为了避免重复,一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词,而用those代替前面的复数名词,如:Thebooksinthatboxarebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。?

[误]Heisnomorehere.Maybeheisathome.?

[正]Heisnolongerhere.Maybeheisathome.?

[析]nomore在现代英语中多译为:"从此再也不会了",如:Hisvoiceisnomorehere.他已经去世了,他的声音不可能再出现了。而用nolonger表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意:?Thisroomisnocleanerthanthatone.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净)Thisroomisnotcleanerthanthatone,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净,一间不干净。)?

(三)例题解析?

1?IthinkChineseis___thanmaths.?

A.interestingB?moreinteresting?

C.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting?

[答案]B.?

[析]在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。?

2?-WhatdoesLucylikebetter,singingordancing??

-Singing.ofcourse.Shesknownto___it.?

A.begoodatB.begoodforC.bebadatD.bebadfor?

[答案]A.?

[析]begoodat为固定搭配,意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢,而不能似是而非。如:?begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweekin,befitfor?

3?TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inChina.?

A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriver?

C.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver?

[答案]C.?

[析]在oneof+定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。?

4?Thegirlwas___afraid___shethrewherbagaway.?

A.so,thatB.too,toC.too,thatD.enough,to?

[答案]A.?

[析]so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何",此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何,以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形,而不是从句。?

5?Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.?

A.hotB.hoterC.hotterD.thehottest?

[答案]C.?

[析]用than表达比较的句中应用比较级。?

6?Whichsubjectdoyoulike___,EnglishChineseormaths??

A.bestB.wellC.betterD.good?

[答案]A.?

[析]在两者之间应用比较级,而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。

7?Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.?

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefully

C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful?

[答案]C.?

[析]首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词,应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?

8?___sheeats,___shellbe.?

A.More…fatB.Themore…fatter?

C.More…thefatterD.Themore…thefatter?

[答案]D.?

[析]the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为:她吃得越多,她就会越胖。?

9?IdontthinkEnglishis___Chinese.?

A.asimportantasB.notimportantas?

C.notsoimportantD.importantas?

[答案]A.?

[析]think+宾语从句时,应采用否定主句的形式,如:中文讲,"我认为你不对",英文应为:"我不认为你对"。Idontthinkyouareright.所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。?

10?MissGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___English.?A.areinterestedinB.areinterestingin?

C.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto?

[答案]A.?

[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如:aninterestingbook,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如:interested其含意是"被……所吸引,感动"。而interesting则为"使人感兴趣的",如:aninterestingman一个有趣、风趣的人。?

11?Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel_.?A.aloneB.lonelyC.happilyD.friendly?

[答案]B.?

[析]alone意为"独自的,一个人的",它只能作表语不能作定语。Iamnotaloneindoingsuchathing.而lonely意为"寂寞的,孤单的",如:Theoldmanfeltlonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.?

12?Whata___cough!Youseem___ill.?

A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible?

C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly?

[答案]A.?

[析]terrible是形容词,而terribly是副词,第一个空是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。?

13?Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgoteverything.?A.soB.tooC.veryD.much?

[答案]A.?

[析]这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。?

14?Whichis___,LiLeisboxorHanMeimeisbox??

A.heavyB.heavierC.moreheavierD.theheaviest?

[答案]B.?

[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级。?

15?YoudontlikethesamecoloursandIdontlikethem,___.?

A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neither?

[答案]C.?

[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。?

16?Jimis___atallhislessons.AndImsurehelldovery___intheexams.?

A.well,goodB.good,wellC.well,wellD.good,good?

[答案]B.?

[析]good为形容词,如:Heisgood.他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如:Heiswell为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如:HespeaksEnglishwell.?

17?Youlook___thanbefore,why??

A.morethinB.morethinner

C.muchmorethinD.muchthinner?

[答案]D.?

[析]多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner。?

18?Letsgooutforsuppernow.Imvery___.?

A.hungryB.angryC.tiredD.thirsty?

[答案]A.?

[析]hungry-饿,angry-生气,tired-紧,疲劳,thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。?

19?-Canyouunderstandme??

-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.?

A.hardlyB.almostC.evenD.ever?

[答案]A.?

[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白",所以只能选hardly。?

20?"___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?"?

"Abouttwiceamonth."?

A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowmuchD.Howlong?

[答案]A.?

[析]howoften用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率。howsoon是问从现在起还有多久。?

21?ChangjiangRiveris___riverinChina??

A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest?[答案]D.?

22?Illwork___Ican.?

A.sohardlyasB.sohardasC.ashardlyasD.ashardas?

[答案]D.?

[析]hard可用作形容词和副词,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood?又如:Itisraininghard。而hardly是副词,其词义是"几乎不",如:HardlydidIsleeplastnight.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中。?

23?Itisvery___tolistentohim.?

A.interestedB.interestingC.interestedinD.interest?

[答案]B.?

[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,①兴趣,②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词interesting是"使人感兴趣的",而interested是"感兴趣的"如:HeisinterestedinEnglish.?

24?Thingsare___worsethanIthought.?

A.moreB.fewC.veryD.much?

[答案]D.?[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。?

25?Itisoneoclock,butherfatherhasntcomeback___.?

A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet?

[答案]D.?

[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句。?

26?ComradeChenis___olderthanI.?

A.veryB.moreC.muchD.quite?

[答案]C.?

[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much,far,evenalittle,byfar等。?

27?Shedidherhomework___.?

A.carefullyB.carefulC.careD.careless?

[答案]A.?

[析]这里应填入副词,而careless是由care加less后辍得来的,less意为"没有",是否定之意,如:careless-不小心,homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。?

28?TheycantanswerthequestioninJapanese;wecantanswerit,___.?

A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.neither?[答案]C.?

29?-Howareyourparents??

-Theyarevery___,thankyou.?

A.goodB.kindC.wellD.happy?

[答案]C.?

[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。?

30?Peterruns___inourclass.?

A.thefastB.fasterC.fastestD.mostfast?

[答案]C.?

[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词。?

31?Wewereall___gladthatwesanganddanced.?

A.suchB.soC.veryD.quite?

[答案]B.?

[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。?

32?Katesings___Joan.?

A.aswellasB.asgoodasC.sogoodasD.asbetteras?

[答案]A.?[析]这里well为副词,意为"唱得好"。?

33?Thiseggsmells___,thoughitlooksallright.?

A.goodB.wellC.badD?badly?

[答案]C.?

[析]smell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词。同样的词,还有sound,feel,seem、become(变成)等等,如:Icefeelscoldinwinter.

34?Waitaminute,Ihave___totellyou.?

A.somethinginterestedB.somethinginteresting?

C.interestingsomethingD.anythinginteresting?

[答案]B.?[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。

35?Ishallvisityou___nextyear.?

A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimeD.sometimes?

[答案]B.?

[析]sometimes有时,sometime某一时刻,sometime一段时间,sometimes若干次?

36?Mysistersaidshewouldtrytospeak___Englisheveryday.

A.alittleB.afewC.litttleD.few?

[答案]A.?

[析]little修饰不可数名词,而alittle意为"一些,一点"。?

37?Ihave___friendshereandIoftenvisitthem.?

A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle?

[答案]C.[析]afew意为"有些",few后面要加可数名词复数。

38?Ofallthesebooks,doyouthink,whichoneis___??

A.interestingB.muchinteresting?

C.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting?

[答案]D.?[析]Ofallthesebooks是用来表示最高级的范围