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发表时间:2021-04-30

2013年中考英语语法形容词、副词考点知识复习。

老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中,大家应该开始写教案课件了。我们制定教案课件工作计划,才能对工作更加有帮助!你们会写多少教案课件范文呢?为了让您在使用时更加简单方便,下面是小编整理的“2013年中考英语语法形容词、副词考点知识复习”,仅供您在工作和学习中参考。

形容词、副词
(一)知识概要?
形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。?其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。?英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:?
构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall
youngtaller?
younger
tallest
youngest
只加r或stnice?
large
nicer
larger
nicest?
largest
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig?
fat?
hot
bigger
fatterw
hotter
biggest?
fattest
hottest
不规则变化的形容词或副词:?
原级比较级最高级
goodbetterbest
Wellbetterbest
badworseworst
badlyworseworst
manymoremost
mostmoremost
littlelesslest
farfarther
further
farthest
furthest
oldolder?
elder
oldest?
eldest
要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:?
构词法形容词副词
一般加lyCareful
kind
carefully
kindly
尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappy
busy
easy
Happily
busily
easily
其他true
terrible
full
possible
shy
whole
truly
terribly
fully
possibly
shyly
wholly
在学习过程中要注意其变化。?
此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修饰最高级的有:thevery,muchthe,far等。?
(二)正误辨析?
[误]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch.?
[正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch.?
[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:Thebeautifulisnotalwayskindness.美丽并不总代表善良。?
[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.?
[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.?
[析]意为:"危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。?
[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.?
[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.?
[析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。
[误]Sheisawarmheartwoman.?
[正]Sheisawarm?heartedwoman.?
[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:?warm?hoarted热心肠的,white?haired白毛的?
[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.?
[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.?
[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake等。?
[误]Theillmannearlydied.?
[正]Thesickmannearlydied.?
[析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluck(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣),illtemper(心绪不好)?
[误]Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.?
[正]Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.?
[析]不定代词something,anyone,somebody…在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。如:Ihaveanimportantthingtotellyou.?
[误]IllbefreeonnextSunday.?
[正]IllbefreenextSunday.?
[析]在表达将来时的时候:nextSunday,nextweek,nextyear或lastSundaylastweek,lastyear前都不加介词。?
[误]Thegirlistwo?yearold.?
[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.?
[正]Sheisatwo?year?oldgirl??
[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:two?thousand?wordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语。?
[误]TheforeignerslikethoselittlebeautifulChinesepaintings.?
[正]TheforeignerslikethosebeautifullittleChinesepaintings.?
[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。?
1.指示代词,定冠词2.数量词3.性质词4.大小?5.形状6.老少,新旧7.颜色8.材料?
但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。?
如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!?
ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.?
[误]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.
[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.
[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:Heiswell.(他身体很好)。Heisgood.(他是个好人)。?
[误]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.?
[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily??
[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.?
[误]Theteacherlookedangryatthestudents.?
[正]Theteacherlookedangrilyatthestudents.?
[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:Thefoodsmellsgood.食物闻起来很香。Theteacherlookedangry老师看起来很生气。?而此句的意思为:"老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。?
[误]Heworkedwithmefriendly.?
[正]Hewasfriendlytome.?
[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively…monthlyweekly…。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early,hourly,monthly…?
[误]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofyourfriends.?
[正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofyourfriends.?
[析]free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的"。作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的"。这些要注意的词还有:?hard努力,艰苦hardly几乎不late迟,晚?lately最近的,最新的near近nearly几乎?like像likely几乎?
[误]Theymusthavearrivedtillnow.?
[正]Theymusthavearrivedbynow.?
[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而tillnow是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。?musthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。?
[误]Someonecalledyourightnow.?
[正]Someonecalledyoujustnow.?
[析]justnow有两个意思,其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而rightnow只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.?
[误]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericaatpresent.?
[正]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericapresently.?
[析]presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与atpresent相同。而forthepresent为暂时,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepresent.
[误]Illbebackatthemoment.?
[正]Illbebackinamoment.?
[析]atthemoment其意为"现在,当时",而inamoment意为"马上过一会",与inaminute意思相近。?
[误]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereintime.?
[正]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereontime.?
[析]ontime为"准时",而intime有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:Thedoctorarrivedintime。其二是"将来,终究"。?
[误]Imetanoldfriendsometimeslastmonth.?
[正]Imetanoldfriendsometimelastmonth.?
[析]Sometime过去,或者将来某时。?Sometimes有时?
如:SometimesIgotoschoolbybus.?Sometime一些时间?
如:Ineedsometimetodomyhomework.?Sometimes几次?
如:IwenttoShanghaisometimesthismonth.?
attimes有时,偶尔?
atalltimes经常?
someothertime改天?
[误]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?
[正]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.?
[正]Imetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?
*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。?
[误]Hestudiedveryhard.andattheendhepassedtheexam.?
[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexam.?
[析]intheend=atlast意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而attheend是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveussomestorybooks。?
[误]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.?
[正]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.?
[析]everythreedays为"每三天",即每隔二天,而everyotherday为每隔一天。
[误]Hedidntgotothecinemayesterday.andIdidntgo,too.?
[正]HedidntgotothecinemayesterdayandIdidntgoeither.?
[析]英语中表示"也",有4个字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与aswell一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:Ivealsoreadherothernovels.?
[误]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?
[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?
[析]anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:Whataterribleaccident,anywaynoonewashurt.?
anyway为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:?
everyday日常的everyday每天?
faraway遥远的faraway远离?
altogether总计alltogether一块,大家一起?
already已经allready全准备好了?
[误]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?
[正]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?
[析]anytime是副词而anytime中的time是名词。?
[误]Shesaidnearlynothing.?
[正]Shesaidalmostnothing.?
[析]nearly与almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。
[误]Therearetoomuchmistakesinyourhomework.?
[正]Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.?
[析]toomuch后接不可数名词,如:Thereistoomuchwaterfortheflowers.而toomany后加可数名词,muchtoo后面加形容词,如:ItismuchtoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.?
[误]Itislateenoughthatwecangohomenow.?
[正]Itislateenoughforustogohomenow.?
[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:forsomebodytodosomething。?
[误]Thetwinsareveryalike.?
[正]Thetwinsaremuchalike.?
[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。?
[误]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents??
-Onceaweek.?
[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents??
-Onceaweek.?
[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用howoften。?
[误]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallupyou.?
[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallyouup.?
[析]当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。?如:IwanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以讲:PleaseturntheTVon.?
[误]Hedrovequicklyhisnewcar.?
[正]Hedrovehisnewcarquickly.?
[析]副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:Hequicklygivemetheanswer.②在be动词之后,如:Thelittleboyisoftenlateforclass.③第一助动词之后,如:Thisbookhasalmostbeenfinished.④在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如:Canyouhelpmethisafternoon??Icertainlycan.?但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词
词组作宾语则才可以这样用:?
Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.?
[误]Thechildrencamelateyesterdaytothecinema.?
[正]Thechildrencamelatetothecinemayesterday.?
[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。
[误]Youhavefewnewbooks,haventyou??
[正]youhavefewnewbooks,haveyou??
[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),afew(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),alittle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。
[误]Hespentquitelittlemoneyonhisfood.?
[正]Hespentquitealittlemoneyonhisfood.?
[析]quitea为一固定用法,其意为"十分,相当,所以"。quiteafew=many,quitealittle=much而onlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.?
[误]Doyouwanttohavemanybread??
[正]Doyouwanttohavesomebread??
[析]some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。其次是some可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。?
[误]Pleasetellmewheretheshoesshopis??
[正]Pleasetellmewheretheshoeshopis.?
[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:?
ashoeshop鞋店
afruitshop水果店
abookshop书店?
apostoffice邮局
apolicestation警察局
abusstop汽车站?
[误]Heisweakatphysics.?
[正]Heisweakinphysics.?
[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用begoodatsomething,而其反意词为bebadatsomething,但beweakinsomething。?
[误]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.?
[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.?
[析]beworth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。?
[误]Dontafraidofthat.?
[正]Dontbeafraidofthat.?
[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:?
beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心?
becertainof有把握,确定besureof确信?
begladof高兴besickof厌恶?
befondof喜欢?
[误]Theworkhasalreadybeendonewell.?
[正]Theworkhasalreadybeenwelldone.?
[析]well与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:Thismachinehasbeenbadlydamaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:Ididmyhomeworkwell.?
[误]Weareyetintheclassroomnow.?
[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroomnow.?
[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:
Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.?
[误]Look.Herecomeshe!?
[正]Look!Herehecomes!?
[误]Look!Herethebuscomes!?
[正]Look!Herecomesthebus!?
[析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。?
[误]Sheismyoldersister.?
[正]Sheismyeldersister.?
[析]elder和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oldest则是指岁数大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.?
[误]Imtired.Icantgofurther.?
[正]Imtired.Icantgofarther.?
[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如:Doyouneedanyfurtherexplanation?你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.?
[误]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.?
[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.?
[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。?
[误]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??
-No,notalready.?
[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??
-No,notyet.?
[析]仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already,yet与still。要注意的是already经常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:Westillcantdecidewhattodo.但也有时用于be动词之后,如:Heisstillhere.?
[误]HeisveryhigherthanIam.?
[正]HeismuchhigherthanIam.?
[析]much可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如:Imverytired.
[误]-CanIwalktothestation??-Youdbetternot.Itisveryfar.?
[正]-CanIwalktothestation??
-Youdbetternot,Itisalongway.?
[析]for一般用在疑问句与否定句中,如:Howfarisitfromheretothestation?又如:Itisntfar.?
[误]IveeverbeentoAmerica.?
[正]IvebeentoAmericaonce.?
[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon??
[误]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??
-No,Iamnotafraidso.?
[正]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??
-No,Imafraidnot.?
[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Doyouthinksheisagoodstudent?YesIthinkso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/Imafraidso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,Idontthinkso而在hope,belive与afraid后则常用not,如:Ihopenot.?
[误]Shedidntworkenoughhard,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?
[正]Shedidntworkhardenough,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?
[析]enough可以作名词用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglishwell.(对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)?另外它可以作为形容词,如:Ihaveenoughmoney(ormoneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?
[误]Youcantbeverycareful.?
[正]Youcantbetoocareful.?
[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事"。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensiveforme.那对我来讲是太贵了。?
[误]Heisgoodpastfifty.?
[正]Heiswellpastfifty.?
[析]well作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地",等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;?
Heiswell.?
Heisgood.?
其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同。Heiswell是"他身体不错",而Heisgood则为"他是个好人"。?
[误]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.?
[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.
[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,almost,exactly…等置?于第一?个as之前。?
[误]HeissameageasTom.?
[正]HeisthesameageasTom.?
[析]thesame…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。?
[误]Motherandherdaughterareexactlylike.?
[正]Motherandherdaughterareexactlyalike.?
*like作为介词,其意为"像",应用于looklike,belike,soundlike,其后要加宾语。而?alike?是形容词,或副词,如:YouandIthinkalike.Thetwinsaredressedalike。但alike仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。?
[误]Whoistallerofthetwo??
[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo??
[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。?
[误]IhavelessbooksthanTom.?
[正]IhavefewerbooksthanTom.?
[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。?
[误]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.TheclevererisMary.?
[正]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.ThecleverestisMary.?
[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。?
[误]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.?
[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.?
[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.?
[误]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnmore.?
[正]Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.?
[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法:①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlonger。要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more,这样的用法是:moreandmore加形容词,如:Thegirlisgrowingmoreandmorebeautiful.?
[误]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.
[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.?
[析]在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如:Torepairtheoldoneisasmuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.?
[误]Thegirlismoreclevererthantheboy.?
[正]Thegirlismuchmoreclever(muchcleverer)thantheboy.?
[析]clever有两个比较级:cleverer和moreclever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。?clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处,如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用moreclever,如:Heismorecleverthanhonest.(他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)?
[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.?
[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.?
[析]最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。?
[误]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionary.?
[正]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionaries.?
[析]在oneof后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。?
[误]ThisdictionaryisthemuchbestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.
[正]ThisdictionaryismuchthebestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.
[析]在修饰最高级时应用far/byfar/much加the加最高级。但very例外,如:Heistheverybestplayerintheteam.?
[误]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinChina.?
[正]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.?
[析]在比较级中表示比较对象时如用anyother其后一般要加单数名词。?
[误]MostofstoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[正]MostofthestoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[正]MoststoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?
[析]"大多数"一词的表达法有mostofthe+名词,或most+名词。当用前一种结构时,其后面的定冠词不可少。?
[误]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthisroom.?
[正]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthatofthisroom.?
[析]比较级用于两句话之间时,比较的部分不可省略掉,但为了避免重复,一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词,而用those代替前面的复数名词,如:Thebooksinthatboxarebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。?
[误]Heisnomorehere.Maybeheisathome.?
[正]Heisnolongerhere.Maybeheisathome.?
[析]nomore在现代英语中多译为:"从此再也不会了",如:Hisvoiceisnomorehere.他已经去世了,他的声音不可能再出现了。而用nolonger表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意:?Thisroomisnocleanerthanthatone.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净)Thisroomisnotcleanerthanthatone,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净,一间不干净。)?
(三)例题解析?
1?IthinkChineseis___thanmaths.?
A.interestingB?moreinteresting?
C.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting?
[答案]B.?
[析]在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。?
2?-WhatdoesLucylikebetter,singingordancing??
-Singing.ofcourse.Shesknownto___it.?
A.begoodatB.begoodfor
C.bebadatD.bebadfor?
[答案]A.?
[析]begoodat为固定搭配,意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢,而不能似是而非。如:?begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweekin,befitfor?
3?TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inChina.?
A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriver?
C.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver?
[答案]C.?
[析]在oneof+定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。?
4?Thegirlwas___afraid___shethrewherbagaway.?
A.so,thatB.too,toC.too,thatD.enough,to?
[答案]A.?
[析]so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何",此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何,以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形,而不是从句。?
5?Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.?
A.hotB.hoter
C.hotterD.thehottest?
[答案]C.?
[析]用than表达比较的句中应用比较级。?
6?Whichsubjectdoyoulike___,EnglishChineseormaths??
A.bestB.well
C.betterD.good?
[答案]A.?
[析]在两者之间应用比较级,而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。?
7?Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.?
A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefully
C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful?
[答案]C.?
[析]首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词,应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?
8?___sheeats,___shellbe.?
A.More…fatB.Themore…fatter?
C.More…thefatterD.Themore…thefatter?
[答案]D.?
[析]the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为:她吃得越多,她就会越胖。?
9?IdontthinkEnglishis___Chinese.?
A.asimportantasB.notimportantas?
C.notsoimportantD.importantas?
[答案]A.?
[析]think+宾语从句时,应采用否定主句的形式,如:中文讲,"我认为你不对",英文应为:"我不认为你对"。Idontthinkyouareright.所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。?
10?MissGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___English.?A.areinterestedinB.areinterestingin?
C.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto?
[答案]A.?
[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如:aninterestingbook,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如:interested其含意是"被……所吸引,感动"。而interesting则为"使人感兴趣的",如:aninterestingman一个有趣、风趣的人。?
11?Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel___.?
A.aloneB.lonely
C.happilyD.friendly?
[答案]B.?
[析]alone意为"独自的,一个人的",它只能作表语不能作定语。Iamnotaloneindoingsuchathing.而lonely意为"寂寞的,孤单的",如:Theoldmanfeltlonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.?
12?Whata___cough!Youseem___ill.?
A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible?
C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly?
[答案]A.?
[析]terrible是形容词,而terribly是副词,第一个空是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。?
13?Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgoteverything.?A.soB.too
C.veryD.much?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。?
14?Whichis___,LiLeisboxorHanMeimeisbox??
A.heavyB.heavier
C.moreheavierD.theheaviest?
[答案]B.?
[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级。?
15?YoudontlikethesamecoloursandIdontlikethem,___.?
A.tooB.also
C.eitherD.neither?
[答案]C.?
[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。?
16?Jimis___atallhislessons.AndImsurehelldovery___intheexams.?
A.well,goodB.good,well
C.well,wellD.good,good
[答案]B.?
[析]good为形容词,如:Heisgood.他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如:Heiswell为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如:HespeaksEnglishwell.?
17?Youlook___thanbefore,why??
A.morethinB.morethinner
C.muchmorethinD.muchthinner?
[答案]D.?
[析]多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner。?
18?Letsgooutforsuppernow.Imvery___.?
A.hungryB.angry
C.tiredD.thirsty?
[答案]A.?
[析]hungry-饿,angry-生气,tired-紧,疲劳,thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。?
19?-Canyouunderstandme??
-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.?
A.hardlyB.almost
C.evenD.ever?
[答案]A.?
[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白",所以只能选hardly。?
20?"___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?"?
"Abouttwiceamonth."?
A.HowoftenB.Howsoon
C.HowmuchD.Howlong?
[答案]A.?
[析]howoften用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率。howsoon是问从现在起还有多久。?
21?ChangjiangRiveris___riverinChina??
A.longB.longer
C.longestD.thelongest?
[答案]D.?
22?Illwork___Ican.?
A.sohardlyasB.sohardas
C.ashardlyasD.ashardas?
[答案]D.?
[析]hard可用作形容词和副词,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood?又如:Itisraininghard。而hardly是副词,其词义是"几乎不",如:HardlydidIsleeplastnight.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中。?
23?Itisvery___tolistentohim.?
A.interestedB.interesting
C.interestedinD.interest?
[答案]B.?
[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,①兴趣,②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词interesting是"使人感兴趣的",而interested是"感兴趣的"如:HeisinterestedinEnglish.?
24?Thingsare___worsethanIthought.?
A.moreB.few
C.veryD.much?
[答案]D.?
[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。?
25?Itisoneoclock,butherfatherhasntcomeback___.?
A.alreadyB.still
C.tooD.yet?
[答案]D.?
[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句。?
26?ComradeChenis___olderthanI.?
A.veryB.more
C.muchD.quite?
[答案]C.?
[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much,far,evenalittle,byfar等。?
27?Shedidherhomework___.?
A.carefullyB.careful
C.careD.careless?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里应填入副词,而careless是由care加less后辍得来的,less意为"没有",是否定之意,如:careless-不小心,homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。?
28?TheycantanswerthequestioninJapanese;wecantanswerit,___.?A.alsoB.too
C.eitherD.neither?
[答案]C.?
29?-Howareyourparents??
-Theyarevery___,thankyou.?
A.goodB.kind
C.wellD.happy?
[答案]C.?
[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。?30?Peterruns___inourclass.?
A.thefastB.faster
C.fastestD.mostfast?
[答案]C.?
[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词。?
31?Wewereall___gladthatwesanganddanced.?
A.suchB.so
C.veryD.quite?
[答案]B.?
[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。?
32?Katesings___Joan.?
A.aswellasB.asgoodas
C.sogoodasD.asbetteras?
[答案]A.?
[析]这里well为副词,意为"唱得好"。?
33?Thiseggsmells___,thoughitlooksallright.?
A.goodB.well
C.badD?badly?
[答案]C.?
[析]smell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词。同样的词,还有sound,feel,seem、become(变成)等等,如:Icefeelscoldinwinter.?
34?Waitaminute,Ihave___totellyou.?
A.somethinginterestedB.somethinginteresting?
C.interestingsomethingD.anythinginteresting?
[答案]B.?
[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。?
35?Ishallvisityou___nextyear.?
A.sometimesB.sometime
C.sometimeD.sometimes?
[答案]B.?
[析]sometimes有时,sometime某一时刻,sometime一段时间,sometimes若干次?
36?Mysistersaidshewouldtrytospeak___Englisheveryday.?
A.alittleB.afew
C.litttleD.few?
[答案]A.?
[析]little修饰不可数名词,而alittle意为"一些,一点"。?
37?Ihave___friendshereandIoftenvisitthem.?
A.fewB.little
C.afewD.alittle?
[答案]C.?
[析]afew意为"有些",few后面要加可数名词复数。?
38?Ofallthesebooks,doyouthink,whichoneis___??
A.interestingB.muchinteresting?
C.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting?
[答案]D.?
[析]Ofallthesebooks是用来表示最高级的范围

相关阅读

2015年中考英语复习形容词和副词考点跟踪


第25讲 形容词和副词

1.Ifmyfriendshaveanyproblems,mydooris__D__opentothem.(2014,安徽)

A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.always

2.—WhatwasJimwearingattheparty?

—Nothing__A__.Hewasinhisusualshirtandjeans.(2013,安徽)

A.specialB.simple

C.importantD.interesting

3.—Ourschoolbuswillleaveat8oclocktomorrow.Dontbelate.(2013,安徽)

—OK.Iwillbetheretenminutes__D__.

A.soonerB.slowerC.fasterD.earlier

4.Welostthematchbecausetheyhad__D__players.Theyhadelevenandwehadonlynine!(2012,安徽)

A.strongerB.youngerC.fewerD.more

5.—Youarerelaxingyourselfhere?(2012,安徽)

—Yes.Itfeels__A__towalkslowlyalongtheriver.

A.fantasticB.boringC.strangeD.terrible

6.Mikehurthisbackseriouslyandcan__D__getoutofbedwithouthelp.(2012,安徽)

A.quicklyB.easilyC.nearlyD.hardly

7.Wefelt__B__whenLiuXiangwonthefirstprizeagainintherace.(2011,安徽)

A.braveB.proudC.successfulD.worried

8.Jackisgoodatdrawing.Ithinknoonedraws__A__.(2011,安徽)

A.betterB.bestC.worseD.worst

9.—Didyoufindthesmallvillageyesterday?

—Yes,withoutanydifficulty,forithas__A__changedoveryears.(2010,安徽)

A.hardlyB.greatlyC.clearlyD.nearly

10.—ItseemsthatAliceneverwantstodoanythingexceptdrawpictures.(2010,安徽)

—Right.Thatswhatshelikestodo__C__.

A.moreB.lessC.mostD.least

11.—Dad,itssuchalongwayfromourhometothepark!

—Youmeanits__B__totakeataxi?(2010,安徽)

A.popularB.necessary

C.possibleD.important

从以上考题可看出,近五年来,安徽中考对形容词和副词考查的频率很高。对形容词、副词的考查主要侧重词文辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记形容词、副词比较级的构成及用法,以及与频率相关的副词及副词短语的用法,特别要注意以ed和ing结尾的形容词的用法和区别。

高频考向一 形容词

作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后;形容词修饰疑问代词时,也须放在其后。如:

Itsacoldandwindyday.这是个既寒冷又有大风的一天。

Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?你想要喝些热的东西吗?

Whatelsecanyousee?你还能看见其他什么东西?

作表语,放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be,become,get(变),make(使),turn(变),keep(保持),feel,look(看起来),seem,smell,sound,taste。如:

Helookshappytoday.他今天看起来很高兴。

Silkfeelssoft.丝绸摸起来很软。

Milkisabletoturnbadeasilyinsummer.夏天,牛奶容易变质。

作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时,应放在宾语之后,表示宾语的性质、状态等。如:

Healwaysmakesushappy.他总是使我们高兴。

注意点:

①表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。如:

Howlongistheriver?Itsabouttwothousandmetreslong.这条河有多长?大约2000米长。

②只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone独自的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的。如:

Themanisill.(正)

Theillmanismyuncle.(误)

③貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的。如:

Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我,真好。

Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.学好一门外语不容易。

—Thatclothesstoreis______onweekends.

—Isee.IllgotherenextMondaythen.(2014,重庆)

A.openB.closeC.openedD.closed

解析:由答语“我将下周一去那儿”可知“那家服装店周末是关着的”。

答案:__D__

—HaveyouheardthesongStayHereForever?

—Yes.Itsounds______.(2014,济宁)

A.wellB.loudly

C.sweetD.beautifully

解析:sounds在此作连系动词,意为“听起来”,后接形容词作表语,故排除B、D两项。well作形容词,意为“健康的”。

答案:__C__

Fredisalways______becauseheoftendoessomethinggoodforhishealthoutdoors.(2013,莱芜)

A.weakB.nervousC.seriousD.energetic

解析:由后半句句意“因为他经常在户外做一些有益健康的事情”推知,前半句句意为“Fred总是精力充沛”。weak“虚弱的”;nervous“紧张的”;serious“严肃的”;energetic“精力充沛的”。

答案:__D__

高频考向二 副词

副词按性质和用途可分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词等。

①时间副词

通常用来表示动作发生的时间。常见的时间副词有now,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。

②地点副词

通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,in,out等。

③方式副词

一般用来回答“怎样的”这类问题,绝大部分由形容词词尾加ly构成,少数与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有badly,carefully,proudly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,wildly,well,fast,hard,alone,high,straight等。

④程度副词

多数用来修饰形容词和副词,少数用来修饰动词和介词短语。常见的程度副词有much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly等。

⑤疑问副词

一般引导特殊疑问句。常见的疑问副词有how,when,where,why等。

几组常见副词的用法辨析。

①also,too,either

三者都表示“也”。also通常放在句中,位于系动词、情态动词或助动词后面,实义动词前面;too通常用在肯定句中,放在句末;either用在否定句中,放在句末。

②very与much

二者都可以表示“很”,但用法不同:very修饰形容词和副词的原级,而much修饰形容词和副词的比较级。

③ago与before

ago表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前,不能单独使用,必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配,常和过去时连用。before表示在过去或将来某个时间以前,也可以指“以前”,可单独使用,常与过去完成时、过去时、现在完成时连用。

④so与such

so修饰形容词或副词,表示“如此地”;such修饰名词,表示“如此的”。many,much,little,few+名词,前面只能用so而不能用such修饰;such可以修饰alotof+名词。

⑤sometime,sometimes,sometime与sometimes

sometime某一时间,某一时刻(可指将来,也可指过去)

sometimes有时,不时的

sometime一段时间

sometimes几次,几倍

Thebabyissleeping.Pleasespeak______.(2013,聊城)

A.loudlyB.clearlyC.quietlyD.politely

解析:loudly意为“大声地,响亮地”;clearly意为“清楚地”;quietly意为“安静地,悄悄地”;politely意为“礼貌地”。句意为“那个宝宝正在睡觉,请悄悄地说”。

答案:__C__

—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?

—Sorry.Ican______understandit.(2014,荆州)

A.almostB.probablyC.nearlyD.hardly

解析:almost“几乎;差不多”;probably“大概;或许”;nearly“几乎;差不多”;hardly“几乎不”。由答语前半句“对不起”推知,后半句句意为“我几乎不能理解你说的”。

答案:__D__

—______willyoufinishyourhomework,Kate?

—Inanhour.(2014,邵阳)

A.HowsoonB.Howoften

C.Howlong

解析:howsoon“多久以后”;howoften“多久一次”;howlong“多长时间”。由答句句意“一个小时后”可知此处是提问“多久以后”。

答案:__A__

高频考向三 形容词、副词等级的用法

1.形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成

①规则变化

构成方法原级比较级最高级

一般单音节词末尾加er,estsmall

fast

quicksmaller

faster

quickersmallest

fastest

quickest

以不发音的e结尾的单音节词末尾加r,stnice

finenicer

finernicest

finest

以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词,先把y变为i,再加er,estlonely

happylonelier

happierloneliest

happiest

以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写末尾的字母再加er,esthot

big

thinhotter

bigger

thinnerhottest

biggest

thinnest

部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more,most

interesting

tiredmore

interesting

moretiredmost

interesting

mosttired

②不规则变化

原级比较级最高级

good/wellbetterbest

bad/ill/badlyworseworst

littlelessleast

many/muchmoremost

farfartherfarthest

oldolder/elderoldest/eldest

latelaterlatest

③下列单、双音节词只能加more和most

原级比较级最高级

like(相似的,同样的)morelikemostlike

real(真的)morerealmostreal

tired(疲乏的)moretiredmosttired

pleased(高兴的)morepleasedmostpleased

often(经常)moreoftenmostoften

2.形容词、副词等级的用法

原级的用法

①只能修饰原级的词:very,quite,so,too,rather。如:Heistootiredtowalkon.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

②as...as...和……一样(中间用原级)

notas(so)...as和……不一样(中间用原级) 如:TomisasoldasKate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。

TomistwiceasoldasKate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的两倍。

Thisroomisnotso/asbigasthatone.这个房间不如那个大。

比较级的用法

①可以修饰比较级的词:much,alot,far,alittle,abit,even,still。

②...than...……比……

如:TomistallerthanKate.汤姆比凯特高。

③选择疑问句中,二选一时

如:Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?哪一个更大,地球还是月球?

④用比较级表示最高级的意思

如:TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.在中国,长江比其他任何一条河都长。

⑤“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”

如:Heisgettingtallerandtaller.他变得越来越高了。

Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花儿越来越漂亮了。

⑥“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”

如:Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyoullmake.你越认真,犯的错误就越少。

⑦在比较级中为了避免重复,在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。

如:TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatinShanghai.这里的天气比上海的暖和。

⑧表示倍数的比较

如:Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.这个房间比那个大3倍。

最高级的用法

①形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略the。

②有范围(in,of,among或从句等)修饰的用最高级。

如:Winteristhecoldestseasonoftheyear.冬季是一年里最冷的季节。

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的最好的电影。

③“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

如:BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中国最大的城市之一。

④选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较。

如:Whichcountryisthelargest,China,BrazilorCanada?哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?

Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best,spring,summerorautumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?

⑤表示“第几个最……”时,用“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数”的结构。

如:TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。

Mygrandpatoldagoodstory,butItolda______one.(2013,河南)

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.worse

解析:由前半句句意“我爷爷讲了一个好故事”可知,后半句句意为“但我讲了一个更好的”,两者比较用比较级。

答案:__B__

—Manyboystudentsthinkmathis______English.

—Iagree.ImweakinEnglish.(2014,镇江)

A.muchdifficultthanB.sodifficultas

C.lessdifficultthanD.moredifficultthan

解析:A选项中much常用来修饰比较级,此处后面跟原级,故排除。B选项的结构常常用在否定句中,故排除。根据回答“Iagree.ImweakinEnglish.”可推知前句意为“大多数男学生认为数学没有英语难”。

答案:__C__

ImsorryImlate.Ishouldgethere10minutes________.(2013,河北)

A.earlyB.earlier

C.theearlierD.theearliest

解析:根据前句“ImsorryImlate.(很抱歉我迟到了。)”可推知后句句意为“我应该早10分钟到达这儿。”指的是与现在相比较更早些,故用比较级。注意,除非明确指两者进行比较时,其中“较(更)……的一个”,或用在固定句式中,否则比较级前不能加the。

答案:__B__

Helooksmuch______withoutsunglasses.

A.wellB.goodC.bestD.better

解析:much修饰形容词的比较级,表示比较的程度,意为“……得多”。句意为“不戴太阳镜,他看上去好得多。”

答案:__D__

一、单项选择。

1.LiKe__B__runsinthemorning,forhewantstobehealthy.(2014,成都)

A.neverB.oftenC.hardlyD.seldom

2.Monadoesntlikemakingspeeches.Shefeels__C__talkinginfrontoftheclass.(2014,湖州)

A.annoyedB.excitedC.nervousD.surprised

3.—DoyouenjoyHanLeissongs?

—Yes.HeisthewinnerofImSingerⅡ.Icantthinkofanyonewitha__A__voice.(2014,南京)

A.betterB.bestC.moreD.most

4.Thefruitsare__A__,becausetheywerepickedfromthegardenjustnow.(2014,台州)

A.freshB.cheap

C.bigD.unhealthy

5.—Isyourheadachegetting__A__?

—No,itsworse.(2014,泰安)

A.betterB.badC.lessD.well

6.—Whichoceanis__B__,theAtlanticorthePacific?

—ThePacific.(2014,沈阳)

A.deepB.deeper

C.deepestD.moredeeper

7.—Tom,areyou__A__boyinyourclass?

—No,butJohnis.Imshorterthanhim.(2014,滨州)

A.thetallestB.theshortest

C.theyoungestD.theoldest

8.—Asweknowitsdifficulttoliveinaforeigncountry.

—__D__ifyoucantunderstandthelanguagethere.(2014,咸宁)

A.ExactlyB.Naturally

C.UsuallyD.Especially

9.—FredisstudyingChineseinoneeveningschool.

—Isthattrue?Hehas__D__toldmeaboutit.(2014,安顺)

A.everB.evenC.alreadyD.never

10.IveheardthatZhuhaiChimelongOceanKingdomisoneof__D__oceanparksinAsia.(2014,广东)

A.verylargeB.thelarger

C.muchlargerD.thelargest

11.Mikeis______,buthisbrotherSamismuch__A__.(2014,宜宾)

A.heavy;heavierB.heavy;heaviest

C.heavier;heaviestD.heavier;theheaviest

12.______hemountainis,__C__theairis.(2014,黔南)

A.Thehigher;thethinnest

B.Higher;thinner

C.Thehigher;thethinner

D.Morehigher;morethinner

13.Heworks______andfeels__A__everyday.(2014,玉林)

A.hard;happyB.hardly;happily

C.hard;happilyD.hardly;unhappily

14.Itssnowing__B__,wecangoouttomakeasnowman.(2014,贺州)

A.heavyB.heavilyC.bigD.quickly

15.—__C__doyouexercise?

—Twiceaweek.(2014,泸州)

A.HowlongB.Howmuch

C.HowoftenD.Howhard

16.Youdidntknow__C__Iwantedtoseeyou.ItsayearsinceIlastsawyou.(2014,威海)

A.howoftenB.howlong

C.howmuchD.howfar

17.Ihavealovelyroom.Itsthe__C__inthehotel.(2014,广州)

A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.mostnice

18.Wedontwanttospeakbadlyor__C__infrontoftheclass.(2014,天津)

A.clearlyB.carefullyC.carelesslyD.properly

二、单词拼写。

19.Wereyouasleepor__awake__(醒着的)attenlastnight?

20.Theboywasso__lazy__(懒惰的)thatheneverdidhishomework.

21.Nicksteacherwas__angry__(生气的)becausehefoughtwithhisclassmate.

22.Janeis__busy__(忙碌的).Shecantgotothemovieswithyou.

23.Mom,Im__hungry__(饿的).Iwanttoeatsomething.

24.Soniafeels__nervous__(紧张的)whenshespeaksinpublic.

2013年中考英语语法代词考点知识复习


一般给学生们上课之前,老师就早早地准备好了教案课件,大家在认真准备自己的教案课件了吧。只有制定教案课件工作计划,可以更好完成工作任务!你们了解多少教案课件范文呢?为满足您的需求,小编特地编辑了“2013年中考英语语法代词考点知识复习”,供大家参考,希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。

代词
(一)知识概要
英语中代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。?人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。请看下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们 
主格iyouhesheitweyouthey
宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。请看下表?
人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的
形容词性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey
名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
反身代词可见下表
人称我你他她它我们你们他们 
反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves
指示代词主要有this,that,these,those
疑问代词有:who,whomwhose,what,which,
还有疑问副词when,how,where,why。
不定代词在初中课本中主要有some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…
(二)正误辨析
[误]Tomsmotheristallerthanmy.
[正]Tomsmotheristallerthanmine.
[析]形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,如:mybook,而这句话的意思是:汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是mymother,也就是mine。
[误]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.
[正]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.
[析]在应用代词时,要注意人称,格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework,所以应用it。
[误]Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[正]Youandheshouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[析]这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you,he,she,I,而复数时为we,you,they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:Heandshe…如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I,he,she,you,复数时用They,you,we,如:TomandIaregoodfriends.
You,heandImustgotoplaythegameforourteamthisafternoon.
We,youandtheyhavebeentherebefore.
I,heandyouhavetopayforit.
[误]Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.
[正]Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.
[析]由either…or,neither…nor,or连接两个主语时,如果两主语是单数时,用单数代词,如两主语是复数时,用复数代词,如:Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.如是一单一复两名词时,一般将单数名词放在前,复数名词放在后,要用复数代词,如:Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroomtogether.
[误]Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.
[正]Hisbrotheristallerthanhe.
[析]than是连词,其后应视为省略句,thanheis.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。
Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.
[正]Ilikeyouasmuchasher.
[析]as…as其后也应看作是省略句。应为asIlikeher.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。
[误]Myselfdidityesterday.
[正]Imyselfdidityesterday.
[正]Ididitmyselfyesterday.
[析]反身代词不可作主语,但可以用作主语的同位语。?
[误]Takecareofourselves.
[正]Takecareofyourselves.(yourself)
[析]祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.
[误]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.
[正]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyou.
[析]反身代词不能作介词宾语,除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语,如:Theoldwomanspoketoherself.
[误]Makeyourselfhome.
[正]Makeyourselfathome.
[析]这是英语中的习惯用法,意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有:?
enjoyoneself玩得开心makeyourselfathome像在家中一样
helpyourselftosomething自己拿某物lostoneself迷路
seatoneself就坐dressoneself穿衣
[误]— Whosthisspeaking.— ThatsMary.
[正]— Whosthatspeaking.— ThisisMary.
[析]在电话用语中,this指讲话人自己,而that指对方。
[误]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.
[正]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.
[析]在比较句中往往为了避免重复,可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物,如是单数时用that,复数时用those,如:TheweatherinBeijingishotterthanthatinChangChun.
[误]Itissoagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikestoread.
[析]在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句,也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时,只用such,如:ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.在many,much,few,little这4个词前仅能用so,如:Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshewants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时,则不能用such,如:Sheissosweetthateveryonelikesher.
[误]Iwanttobuyasamedictionaryasyours.
[正]Iwanttobuythesamedictionaryasyours.
[析]same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有allthesame(仍然)。
[误]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Idonthopeso.
[正]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Ihopenot.
[析]在作肯定回答时,Ithinkso.Ihopeso.Ibelieveso.但作否定回答时为:Idontthinkso.Ihope/believenot.
[误]— Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Soshedid.
[正]—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Sodidshe.
[误]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soisit.
[正]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soitis.
[析]在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语,这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句,即studiedhard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复,即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为:英语难学。答语为:是的,难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。
[误]Everyoneshoulddoonesbest.
[正]Everyoneshoulddohisbest.
[析]one作代词时,它的复数形式是ones,所有格形式是ones,反身代词为oneself.如果讲Oneshoulddoonesbest.则是对句。如果one与别的词组成其他词,如:someone,anyone,everyone或onlyone则要用his/her,来作其所有格形式。
[误]—Whowonthegame?—None.
[正]—Whowonthegame?—Noone.
[析]由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是noone,而由Howmany提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如:Howmanybooksarethere?None.
[误]Therearemanytreesoneithersidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.
[析]either作代词时由两个含意,其一是两者中随便哪一个,如:Youcantakeeither.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either后要加单数名词,如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。
[误]EitheryouorIareright.
[正]EitheryouorIamright.
[析]在either…or,或neither…nor连接两个主语时,其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。
[误]Ihavethreesisters.Neitherofthemisadoctor.
[正]Ihavethreesisters.Noneofthemisadoctor.
[析]neither用于两者中无一是,而none则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。
[误]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera.Idontliketoo.
[正]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera,Idontlikeeither.
[析]either作为“也”讲时,要用于否定句中,而too则用于肯定句中。
[误]Welikeboththislittleboy.
[正]Webothlikethislittleboy.
[析]both作同位语时,它在句中的位置有:在be动词之后,如:Wearebothstudents.在实意动词之前,如:Theparentsbothwanttogotothecinema.用于第一助动词之后,如:WehavebothreadtheseEnglishnovels.使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意:Bothofusarenotright.应译为:我们俩不都对。Neitherofusisright.才应译为:我俩都不对。又如:Icantgiveyoubothofthebooks.意为:两本书我不能全给你,而Icantgiveyoueitherofthebooks.才为:两本书我全不能给你。
[误]Weeachhasaticketfortheconcert.
[正]Weeachhaveaticketfortheconcert.
[析]each作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式,如:EachofuswantstolearnEnglishwell,但each作同位语时,则应以原名词的数为准。
[误]Everyofushastopasstheexam.
[正]Eachofushastopasstheexam.
[析]every只可作形容词,不可作代词,而each既可作形容词,又可作代词,在作形容词时each侧重强调个体,而every则侧重于全体。
[误]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[正]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[析]everyone不可与of结构相连接使用,而everyone则可以这样用。
[误]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[正]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[析]要注意的是everyday是“每天”,而everyday则是形容词为“日常的”。如:everydayEnglish日常英语,everydaylife日常生活。
[误]Therearetreesoneverysidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.
[析]every用于三者或三者以上的每一个,而each用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧,所以只能用each而不能用every.
[误]Allmyparentsareengineers.
[正]Bothmyparentsareengineers.
[析]all用于三者或三者以上的全部,而both则用于两者的全部。
[误]Allofstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allofthestudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[析]非特指的名词前可用all但不可用allof结构,也就是讲allof结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all有关的习惯用法还有:
alltheyearround,allweek,allday,allwinter
[误]Theallvillagewasflooded.
[正]Allthevillagewasflooded.
[析]all作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。
[误]Thepostofficeisonothersideofthestreet.
[正]Thepostofficeisontheothersideofthestreet.
[析]单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用theother,因街道只有两边,而不在这边必定是在另一边,所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。
 单数复数
泛指another形容词作定语作名词
another代词otherothers
特指theother形容词
theother代词
theothertheothers
[误]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheothersstudents?
[正]Therearetenstudentshere.Wherearetheothers?
[正]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheotherstudents?
[析]theothers=theotherstudents.
[误]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,anotherisadoctor.
[正]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.
[析]another用于泛指,如:Isitfarfromheretothestation?Imsorry.Ihavenoidea.Onemaysayitisquitenear;anothermaysayitisfarfromhere.但在特指时则要用theother.它可以用作定语,theotherone,也可以用作代词theother,但theother用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。如果指三者或者三者以上的情况时,则要用one…another…theother.或者one…asecond…thethird…
[误]Somepeoplelikesports.Theotherslikereading.
[正]Somepeoplelikesports.Otherslikereading.
[析]在泛指的复数名词前用some…others…others…来表示某些人……某些人……某些人……。
[误]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseachotherday.
[正]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseveryotherday.
[析]everyotherday为每隔一天。是习惯用法,不要随意改动。又如:ontheotherhand另一方面。
[误]Manyknowhim,butfewlikeshim.
[正]Manyknowhim,butfewlikehim.
[析]few用于可数名词,意为几乎没有,但few作主语时谓语动词则要用复数形式,而afew为有一些。
[误]Youhavefewfriends,haventyou?
[正]Youhavefewfriends,haveyou?
[析]little与few用于句中时,均要按否定句看待。
[误]Muchofwhatyousaidaretrue.
[正]Muchofwhatyousaidistrue.
[析]much用于不可数名词,作主语时用单数谓语动词。而many用于可数名词,它作主语时用复数形式的谓语动词。
[误]Thisroomisenoughlargeforthestudentstolivein.
[正]Thisroomislargeenoughforthestudentstolivein.
[析]enough可以用作代词,如:Thereisenoughofthefood.又如:Enoughhasbeendoneforthework,但enough还可以作形容词来修饰名词,这时enough可以放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后,如:moneyenough与enoughmoney都是对的。但当enough作副词修饰形容词时,则只能置于形容词之后了。
[误]Iwantanybookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[正]Iwantsomebookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[析]按照语法any用于疑问句和否定句,而some用于肯定句。
[误]Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?
[正]Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
[析]在由wouldyoulike发出的问句中,表达了说话者真心实意要为对方提供些饮料,或在说话者想得到对方的肯定答复时,在疑问句中要用some而不用any。
[误]Someonewanttomeetyou.
[正]Someonewantstomeetyou.
[析]不定代词应被看作单数,即使用and连接两个不定代词,也要看作单数,如:?Anyoneandeveryonehastheright.任何人,每一个人都有这样的权力。
[误]NewYorkismuchcolderinwinterthanbefore.
[正]ItismuchcolderinNewYorkinwinterthanbefore.
[析]it常常用在英文的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象,或用在句中作形式主语或宾语,如:
Itistenoclocknow.(代时间)
Itisfarfromheretotheairport.(代距离)
Itisveryhot.(代天气)
ItisverydifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(作形式主语)
Wefounditverydifficulttoanswerthequestion.(作形式宾语)
[误]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomany.
[正]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomuch.
[析]这里much所代的应是饮料或水,所以应为不可数名词。
(三)例题解析
1Theseare___books.Yoursareoverthere.
AIBmyCmeDmine?
[答案]B.
[析]这里应用形容词性物主代词。?
2—___isshe?
—Sheisateacher.
AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立,但其意义不同。Whatisshe?应译为“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而Howisshe?应译为“她身体如何?”而Whoisshe?应译为“她是谁?”其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Whereisshe?应为“她在什么地方?”由答语决定了这道题的选择。
3___iswrongwithmywatch.Ithasstopped___.
ASomething,workingBSomething,towork
CAnything,workingDAnything,towork?
[答案]A.
[析]因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了,则stop后要用动名词。
4Mary,help___tothebananas,please.
AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves?
[答案]C.
[析]helponeselftosomething为“自己拿某物”。yourself为“你一个人”,而yourselves为“你们”。
5—___doyougotoschooleveryday?
—Bybus.
AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]这题的答案是由问句决定的。?
6Myskirtis___popularthan___.
Amuch,herBmuch,hersCmore,herDmore,hers?
[答案]D.
[析]因句中有than,所以应选用比较级,而than后要选用名词性物主代词。
7—CanyouspeakEnglish?
—Yes,butonly___.
AfewBafewClittleDalittle
[答案]D.
[析]因会讲某种语言的多少要用alittle,把它看作不可数名词对待,此答语为:是的,但仅仅会讲一点。
8Mr. Smithisanoldfriendof___.
AIBmeCmyDmine?
[答案]D.
[析]这里应选名词性物主代词,这也是英语的一种习惯用法,而不要选择my。
9“___doyouhearfromyourparents?”
“Aboutonceamonth.”
AHowlongBHowmany
CHowoftenDHowmuch?
[答案]C.
[析]Howoften问的是某一动作发生的频率,即在单位时间内发生多少次。
10MrGreenwouldntsay___atthemeeting.
AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething?
[答案]C.
[析]在否定句中应用anything
11“Mum,Annscomingtonight.Letsgiveher___toeat.”
“Goodidea!”
AanythingniceBniceanything
CsomethingniceDnicesomething?
[答案]C.
[析]肯定句中用something而不用anything,不定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。
12—Whenshallwemeet,thiseveningortomorrowevening?
—Idontmind.___timeisOK.
ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth?
[答案]C.
[析]因如选用both则名词要用复数名词,也要用复数谓语动词,由于答语前有Idontmind则决定不能选择neither.
13Thisisnotherkite, but___.
AhesBhimCheDhis?
[答案]D.
[析]要注意“他的”名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的。?
14Dontworry,Mum!___newsisgoodnews.Imsuredaddywillcomebacksoon.
ANoBManyCThoseDTwo
?[答案]A.
[析]这是一条谚语,即没有消息就是好消息。?
15Maryhassixapples.Herbrotherhasthree.Shehas___applesthanhe.
AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer?
[答案]C.
[析]由于是比较级,根据题意应选“多于”而不是“少于”。?
16Thereisnt___intodaysnewspaper.
Aanythinginteresting
Bsomethinginteresting
Cnothinginteresting
Dinterestinganything
[答案]A.
[析]由于句子是否定句,应选择anything,而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面。
17September10this___Day?
ATeacherBTeachersCTeachersDTeachers
[答案]D.
[析]教师节TeachersDay,儿童节ChildrensDay,妇女节WomensDay
18—InEngland,peopleeatalotof“takeaway”food.Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry?
—___
ASowedo.BWedoso.CSodowe.DWesodo.?
[答案]C.
[析]在答语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时,则要采用倒装句,但如果仅仅是对上句的重复则不要倒装。?
19—Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?
—Sorry.Iwont.Ihave___todothere.
AeverythingBanythingCsomethingDnothing?
[答案]D.
[析]这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出决定。?
20—Oh,dear!Whobroketheglass?
—___Sam___Bruce.Itwasthecat.
ABoth,andBNot,butCNeither,norDEither,or?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor意为既不……也不……
21Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.___areclimbingthehill.
AOthersBOtherCAnotherDTheother
?
[答案]A.
[析]这里因为是代替复数名词,所以应用名词性的复数代名词。?
22Sheisnotanurse.Imnot___.
AalsoBeitherCneitherDtoo?
[答案]B.
[析]在否定句中该用either,而不用too和also.
23Ihavetwopencils.Oneisred,___isblue.
AtheotherBanotherCothersDtheothers?
[答案]A.
[析]两者中的另一个应为特指。而且应为单数形式的代名词。而another是泛指单数代名词。others是泛指复数代名词,而theothers是特指复数代名词。
24Sorry,Icantansweryourquestion.
Iknow___aboutthesubject.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]A.
[析]中文讲我对此知道的不多,而英文中要用little。其含意为否定句。
25Mysisterdoesntlikeskating___.
ASodoIBSoIdont
CNeitherIdontDNeitherdoI?
[答案]D.
[析]这是表达上面否定句中的动作,也同样不适合
于第二个人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒装句。
26Yesterdaymorningtherewereonlythreeboysinourroom,___.
Ayou,heandIBI,youandhe
Che,IandyouDyou,Iandhe?
[答案]A.
[析]这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题。请参看辨析中的例子。?
27Allthestudentsarebusy,so___ofthemwillgototheconcert.
AmanyBlittleCafewDfew?
[答案]D.
[析]student为可数名词。
28Theteachergave___studentanewbook.
AnobodyBbothCeachDany?
[答案]C.
[析]both其后的名词应为复数,而any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词。
29Blackisneitherateacher___aworker.
AorBeitherCnorDand?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor为“既不……也不……”的固定搭配。
30Ourteachergaveus___onstudying.
AmanyadvicesBsomeadvices
CanadviceDsomeadvice?
[答案]D.
[析]advice为不可数名词。some可用于可数或不可数名词之前。
31Therearetwoforeignfriendsinthepark.One___isfromJapan,isfromAmerica.
AotherBothersCtheotherDtheothers?
[答案]C.
[析]因为是两者中的一个,所以另一个应用单数特指代词。?
32Arethere___onthetable?
AsomecupsBanycupCsomecupDanycups?
[答案]D.
[析]此句是疑问句,应用anycups,因提问时的be动词用的是are。
33Ivejustboughtfivestamps.OneisaGermanstamp,___areAmericanstamps.
AtheotherBtheothersCotherDothers?
[答案]B.
[析]此空应填入主语。又因其范围已定,所以应选特指的代名词。theother只能用作单数,而others是泛指复数代名词,故只能选B。
34Itwas___finedaythattheywenttothepark.
AasoBsoaCsuchaDasuch?
[答案]C.
[析]在单数可数名词前可以有两种表达法,即such+不定冠词+形容词+可数名词单数形式,如:suchagoodday,或者用so加形容词+不定冠词+可数名词单数,如:sogoodaday.
35Atthattimethetrainwasslowandnoisy.So___peoplelikedtakingtrains.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]C.
[析]这是英文的表达法与中文不同之处。中文讲只有少数人喜欢坐火车,英文要选用“few”。
36Wemusthelpandunderstandeach___.
AotherBanotherCothersDtheother?
[答案]A.
[析]eachother意为“互相”,是习惯用语。
37___isdifficulttowalkonthemoon.
AManBOneCThatDIt?
[答案]D.
[析]这里的真正主语应为不定式towalkonthemoon.而形式主语只能用it.
38Janehassentseveralletters,but___ofthemhavebeenanswered.
AallBbothCeitherDnone?
[答案]D.
[析]severalletters意为“若干信件”,应看作多于两者,则在A、D中作选择,仅D符合句意。
39Idontknow___aboutthenewheadmaster.
AsomethingBeverythingCnothingDanything?
[答案]D.
[析]否定句中应用anything.
40___ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion.
ANoBNoneCNotDNeither?
[答案]B.

2011届中考英语语法复习:形容词、副词复习?


形容词、副词?

(一)知识概要?

形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。?其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。?英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:?

构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall

youngtaller?

younger

tallest

youngest

只加r或stnice?

large

nicer

larger

nicest?

largest

重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig?

fat?

hot

bigger

fatter

hotter

biggest?

fattest

hottest

不规则变化的形容词或副词:?

原级比较级最高级

goodbetterbest

Wellbetterbest

badworseworst

badlyworseworst

manymoremost

mostmoremost

littlelesslest

farfarther

further

farthest

furthest

oldolder?

elder

oldest?

eldest

要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:?

构词法形容词副词

一般加lyCareful

kind

carefully

kindly

尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappy

busy

easy

Happily

busily

easily

其他true

terrible

full

possible

shy

whole

truly

terribly

fully

possibly

shyly

wholly

在学习过程中要注意其变化。?

此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修饰最高级的有:thevery,muchthe,far等。?

(二)正误辨析?

[误]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch.?

[正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch.?

[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:Thebeautifulisnotalwayskindness.美丽并不总代表善良。?

[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.?

[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.?

[析]意为:"危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。?

[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.?

[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.?

[析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。

[误]Sheisawarmheartwoman.?

[正]Sheisawarm?heartedwoman.?

[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:?warm?hoarted热心肠的,white?haired白毛的?

[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.?

[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.?

[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake等。?

[误]Theillmannearlydied.?

[正]Thesickmannearlydied.?

[析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluck(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣),illtemper(心绪不好)?

[误]Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.?

[正]Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.?

[析]不定代词something,anyone,somebody…在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。如:Ihaveanimportantthingtotellyou.?

[误]IllbefreeonnextSunday.?

[正]IllbefreenextSunday.?

[析]在表达将来时的时候:nextSunday,nextweek,nextyear或lastSundaylastweek,lastyear前都不加介词。?

[误]Thegirlistwo?yearold.?

[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.?

[正]Sheisatwo?year?oldgirl??

[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:two?thousand?wordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语。?

[误]TheforeignerslikethoselittlebeautifulChinesepaintings.?

[正]TheforeignerslikethosebeautifullittleChinesepaintings.?

[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。?

1.指示代词,定冠词2.数量词3.性质词4.大小?5.形状6.老少,新旧7.颜色8.材料?

但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。?

如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!?

ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.?

[误]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.

[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeakwithEnglishmaneveryday.

[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:Heiswell.(他身体很好)。Heisgood.(他是个好人)。?

[误]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.?

[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily??

[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.?

[误]Theteacherlookedangryatthestudents.?

[正]Theteacherlookedangrilyatthestudents.?

[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:Thefoodsmellsgood.食物闻起来很香。Theteacherlookedangry老师看起来很生气。?而此句的意思为:"老师生气地看着学生",所以应用副词形式。?

[误]Heworkedwithmefriendly.?

[正]Hewasfriendlytome.?

[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively…monthlyweekly…。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early,hourly,monthly…?

[误]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofyourfriends.?

[正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofyourfriends.?

[析]free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的"。作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的"。这些要注意的词还有:?hard努力,艰苦hardly几乎不late迟,晚?lately最近的,最新的near近nearly几乎?like像likely几乎?

[误]Theymusthavearrivedtillnow.?

[正]Theymusthavearrivedbynow.?

[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而tillnow是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。?musthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。?

[误]Someonecalledyourightnow.?

[正]Someonecalledyoujustnow.?

[析]justnow有两个意思,其一是"刚才",其二是"现在",而rightnow只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.?

[误]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericaatpresent.?

[正]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericapresently.?

[析]presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与atpresent相同。而forthepresent为暂时,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepresent.

[误]Illbebackatthemoment.?

[正]Illbebackinamoment.?

[析]atthemoment其意为"现在,当时",而inamoment意为"马上过一会",与inaminute意思相近。?

[误]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereintime.?

[正]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereontime.?

[析]ontime为"准时",而intime有两个含意。其一是"及时",如:Thedoctorarrivedintime。其二是"将来,终究"。?

[误]Imetanoldfriendsometimeslastmonth.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendsometimelastmonth.?

[析]Sometime过去,或者将来某时。?Sometimes有时?

如:SometimesIgotoschoolbybus.?Sometime一些时间?

如:Ineedsometimetodomyhomework.?Sometimes几次?

如:IwenttoShanghaisometimesthismonth.?

attimes有时,偶尔?

atalltimes经常?

someothertime改天?

[误]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

[正]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。?

[误]Hestudiedveryhard.andattheendhepassedtheexam.?

[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexam.?

[析]intheend=atlast意为"最终,终于",表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而attheend是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveussomestorybooks。?

[误]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.?

[正]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.?

[析]everythreedays为"每三天",即每隔二天,而everyotherday为每隔一天。

[误]Hedidntgotothecinemayesterday.andIdidntgo,too.?

[正]HedidntgotothecinemayesterdayandIdidntgoeither.?

[析]英语中表示"也",有4个字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与aswell一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:Ivealsoreadherothernovels.?

[误]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[析]anyway为"不管怎么"讲,"无论如何",如:Whataterribleaccident,anywaynoonewashurt.?

anyway为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:?

everyday日常的everyday每天?

faraway遥远的faraway远离?

altogether总计alltogether一块,大家一起?

already已经allready全准备好了?

[误]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?

[正]Youcancometothedoctorsatanytime.?

[析]anytime是副词而anytime中的time是名词。?

[误]Shesaidnearlynothing.?

[正]Shesaidalmostnothing.?

[析]nearly与almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。

[误]Therearetoomuchmistakesinyourhomework.?

[正]Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.?

[析]toomuch后接不可数名词,如:Thereistoomuchwaterfortheflowers.而toomany后加可数名词,muchtoo后面加形容词,如:ItismuchtoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.?

[误]Itislateenoughthatwecangohomenow.?

[正]Itislateenoughforustogohomenow.?

[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:forsomebodytodosomething。?

[误]Thetwinsareveryalike.?

[正]Thetwinsaremuchalike.?

[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。?

[误]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用howoften。?

[误]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallupyou.?

[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,Illcallyouup.?

[析]当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。?如:IwanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以讲:PleaseturntheTVon.?

[误]Hedrovequicklyhisnewcar.?

[正]Hedrovehisnewcarquickly.?

[析]副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:Hequicklygivemetheanswer.②在be动词之后,如:Thelittleboyisoftenlateforclass.③第一助动词之后,如:Thisbookhasalmostbeenfinished.④在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如:Canyouhelpmethisafternoon??Icertainlycan.?但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词

词组作宾语则才可以这样用:?

Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.?

[误]Thechildrencamelateyesterdaytothecinema.?

[正]Thechildrencamelatetothecinemayesterday.?

[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。

[误]Youhavefewnewbooks,haventyou??

[正]youhavefewnewbooks,haveyou??

[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),afew(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),alittle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。

[误]Hespentquitelittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[正]Hespentquitealittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[析]quitea为一固定用法,其意为"十分,相当,所以"。quiteafew=many,quitealittle=much而onlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.

[误]Doyouwanttohavemanybread??

[正]Doyouwanttohavesomebread??

[析]some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。其次是some可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。?

[误]Pleasetellmewheretheshoesshopis??

[正]Pleasetellmewheretheshoeshopis.?

[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:?

ashoeshop鞋店

afruitshop水果店

abookshop书店?

apostoffice邮局

apolicestation警察局

abusstop汽车站?

[误]Heisweakatphysics.?

[正]Heisweakinphysics.?

[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用begoodatsomething,而其反意词为bebadatsomething,但beweakinsomething。?

[误]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.?

[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.?

[析]beworth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。?

[误]Dontafraidofthat.?

[正]Dontbeafraidofthat.?

[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:?

beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心?

becertainof有把握,确定besureof确信?

begladof高兴besickof厌恶?

befondof喜欢?

[误]Theworkhasalreadybeendonewell.?

[正]Theworkhasalreadybeenwelldone.?

[析]well与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:Thismachinehasbeenbadlydamaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:Ididmyhomeworkwell.[误]Weareyetintheclassroomnow.?

[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroomnow.?

[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:

Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.?

[误]Look.Herecomeshe!?

[正]Look!Herehecomes!?

[误]Look!Herethebuscomes!?

[正]Look!Herecomesthebus!?

[析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。?

[误]Sheismyoldersister.?

[正]Sheismyeldersister.?

[析]elder和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oldest则是指岁数大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.?

[误]Imtired.Icantgofurther.?

[正]Imtired.Icantgofarther.?

[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如:Doyouneedanyfurtherexplanation?你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.?

[误]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.?

[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.?

[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。?

[误]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notalready.?

[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notyet.?

[析]仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already,yet与still。要注意的是already经常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:Westillcantdecidewhattodo.但也有时用于be动词之后,如:Heisstillhere.?

[误]HeisveryhigherthanIam.?

[正]HeismuchhigherthanIam.?

[析]much可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如:Imverytired.

[误]-CanIwalktothestation??-Youdbetternot.Itisveryfar.?

[正]-CanIwalktothestation??

-Youdbetternot,Itisalongway.?

[析]for一般用在疑问句与否定句中,如:Howfarisitfromheretothestation?又如:Itisntfar.?

[误]IveeverbeentoAmerica.?

[正]IvebeentoAmericaonce.?

[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon??

[误]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,Iamnotafraidso.?

[正]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,Imafraidnot.?

[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Doyouthinksheisagoodstudent?YesIthinkso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/Imafraidso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,Idontthinkso而在hope,belive与afraid后则常用not,如:Ihopenot.?

[误]Shedidntworkenoughhard,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?

[正]Shedidntworkhardenough,soshecouldntpasstheexam.?

[析]enough可以作名词用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglishwell.(对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)?另外它可以作为形容词,如:Ihaveenoughmoney(ormoneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?

[误]Youcantbeverycareful.?

[正]Youcantbetoocareful.?

[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事"。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensiveforme.那对我来讲是太贵了。?

[误]Heisgoodpastfifty.?

[正]Heiswellpastfifty.?

[析]well作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地",等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;?

Heiswell.?

Heisgood.?

其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同。Heiswell是"他身体不错",而Heisgood则为"他是个好人"。?

[误]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.?

[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.?

[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,almost,exactly…等置?于第一?个as之前。?

[误]HeissameageasTom.?

[正]HeisthesameageasTom.?

[析]thesame…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。?

[误]Motherandherdaughterareexactlylike.?

[正]Motherandherdaughterareexactlyalike.?

*like作为介词,其意为"像",应用于looklike,belike,soundlike,其后要加宾语。而?alike?是形容词,或副词,如:YouandIthinkalike.Thetwinsaredressedalike。但alike仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。?

[误]Whoistallerofthetwo??

[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo??

[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。?

[误]IhavelessbooksthanTom.?

[正]IhavefewerbooksthanTom.?

[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。?

[误]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.TheclevererisMary.?

[正]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.ThecleverestisMary.?

[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。?

[误]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.?

[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.?

[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.?

[误]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnmore.?

[正]Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.?

[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法:①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlonger。要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more,这样的用法是:moreandmore加形容词,如:Thegirlisgrowingmoreandmorebeautiful.?

[误]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.?

[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.?

[析]在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如:Torepairtheoldoneisasmuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.?

[误]Thegirlismoreclevererthantheboy.?

[正]Thegirlismuchmoreclever(muchcleverer)thantheboy.?

[析]clever有两个比较级:cleverer和moreclever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。?clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处,如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用moreclever,如:Heismorecleverthanhonest.(他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)?

[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.?

[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.?

[析]最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。?

[误]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionary.?

[正]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionaries.?

[析]在oneof后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。?

[误]ThisdictionaryisthemuchbestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.

[正]ThisdictionaryismuchthebestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionaries.

[析]在修饰最高级时应用far/byfar/much加the加最高级。但very例外,如:Heistheverybestplayerintheteam.?

[误]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinChina.?

[正]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.?

[析]在比较级中表示比较对象时如用anyother其后一般要加单数名词。?

[误]MostofstoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[正]MostofthestoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[正]MoststoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[析]"大多数"一词的表达法有mostofthe+名词,或most+名词。当用前一种结构时,其后面的定冠词不可少。?

[误]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthisroom.?

[正]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthatofthisroom.?

[析]比较级用于两句话之间时,比较的部分不可省略掉,但为了避免重复,一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词,而用those代替前面的复数名词,如:Thebooksinthatboxarebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。?

[误]Heisnomorehere.Maybeheisathome.?

[正]Heisnolongerhere.Maybeheisathome.?

[析]nomore在现代英语中多译为:"从此再也不会了",如:Hisvoiceisnomorehere.他已经去世了,他的声音不可能再出现了。而用nolonger表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意:?Thisroomisnocleanerthanthatone.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净)Thisroomisnotcleanerthanthatone,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净,一间不干净。)?

(三)例题解析?

1?IthinkChineseis___thanmaths.?

A.interestingB?moreinteresting?

C.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting?

[答案]B.?

[析]在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。?

2?-WhatdoesLucylikebetter,singingordancing??

-Singing.ofcourse.Shesknownto___it.?

A.begoodatB.begoodforC.bebadatD.bebadfor?

[答案]A.?

[析]begoodat为固定搭配,意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢,而不能似是而非。如:?begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweekin,befitfor?

3?TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inChina.?

A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriver?

C.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver?

[答案]C.?

[析]在oneof+定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。?

4?Thegirlwas___afraid___shethrewherbagaway.?

A.so,thatB.too,toC.too,thatD.enough,to?

[答案]A.?

[析]so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何",此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何,以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形,而不是从句。?

5?Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.?

A.hotB.hoterC.hotterD.thehottest?

[答案]C.?

[析]用than表达比较的句中应用比较级。?

6?Whichsubjectdoyoulike___,EnglishChineseormaths??

A.bestB.wellC.betterD.good?

[答案]A.?

[析]在两者之间应用比较级,而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。

7?Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.?

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefully

C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful?

[答案]C.?

[析]首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词,应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。?

8?___sheeats,___shellbe.?

A.More…fatB.Themore…fatter?

C.More…thefatterD.Themore…thefatter?

[答案]D.?

[析]the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为:她吃得越多,她就会越胖。?

9?IdontthinkEnglishis___Chinese.?

A.asimportantasB.notimportantas?

C.notsoimportantD.importantas?

[答案]A.?

[析]think+宾语从句时,应采用否定主句的形式,如:中文讲,"我认为你不对",英文应为:"我不认为你对"。Idontthinkyouareright.所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。?

10?MissGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___English.?A.areinterestedinB.areinterestingin?

C.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto?

[答案]A.?

[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如:aninterestingbook,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如:interested其含意是"被……所吸引,感动"。而interesting则为"使人感兴趣的",如:aninterestingman一个有趣、风趣的人。?

11?Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel_.?A.aloneB.lonelyC.happilyD.friendly?

[答案]B.?

[析]alone意为"独自的,一个人的",它只能作表语不能作定语。Iamnotaloneindoingsuchathing.而lonely意为"寂寞的,孤单的",如:Theoldmanfeltlonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.?

12?Whata___cough!Youseem___ill.?

A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible?

C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly?

[答案]A.?

[析]terrible是形容词,而terribly是副词,第一个空是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。?

13?Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgoteverything.?A.soB.tooC.veryD.much?

[答案]A.?

[析]这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。?

14?Whichis___,LiLeisboxorHanMeimeisbox??

A.heavyB.heavierC.moreheavierD.theheaviest?

[答案]B.?

[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级。?

15?YoudontlikethesamecoloursandIdontlikethem,___.?

A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neither?

[答案]C.?

[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。?

16?Jimis___atallhislessons.AndImsurehelldovery___intheexams.?

A.well,goodB.good,wellC.well,wellD.good,good?

[答案]B.?

[析]good为形容词,如:Heisgood.他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如:Heiswell为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如:HespeaksEnglishwell.?

17?Youlook___thanbefore,why??

A.morethinB.morethinner

C.muchmorethinD.muchthinner?

[答案]D.?

[析]多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner。?

18?Letsgooutforsuppernow.Imvery___.?

A.hungryB.angryC.tiredD.thirsty?

[答案]A.?

[析]hungry-饿,angry-生气,tired-紧,疲劳,thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。?

19?-Canyouunderstandme??

-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.?

A.hardlyB.almostC.evenD.ever?

[答案]A.?

[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白",所以只能选hardly。?

20?"___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?"?

"Abouttwiceamonth."?

A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowmuchD.Howlong?

[答案]A.?

[析]howoften用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率。howsoon是问从现在起还有多久。?

21?ChangjiangRiveris___riverinChina??

A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest?[答案]D.?

22?Illwork___Ican.?

A.sohardlyasB.sohardasC.ashardlyasD.ashardas?

[答案]D.?

[析]hard可用作形容词和副词,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood?又如:Itisraininghard。而hardly是副词,其词义是"几乎不",如:HardlydidIsleeplastnight.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中。?

23?Itisvery___tolistentohim.?

A.interestedB.interestingC.interestedinD.interest?

[答案]B.?

[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,①兴趣,②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词interesting是"使人感兴趣的",而interested是"感兴趣的"如:HeisinterestedinEnglish.?

24?Thingsare___worsethanIthought.?

A.moreB.fewC.veryD.much?

[答案]D.?[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。?

25?Itisoneoclock,butherfatherhasntcomeback___.?

A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet?

[答案]D.?

[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句。?

26?ComradeChenis___olderthanI.?

A.veryB.moreC.muchD.quite?

[答案]C.?

[析]只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much,far,evenalittle,byfar等。?

27?Shedidherhomework___.?

A.carefullyB.carefulC.careD.careless?

[答案]A.?

[析]这里应填入副词,而careless是由care加less后辍得来的,less意为"没有",是否定之意,如:careless-不小心,homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。?

28?TheycantanswerthequestioninJapanese;wecantanswerit,___.?

A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.neither?[答案]C.?

29?-Howareyourparents??

-Theyarevery___,thankyou.?

A.goodB.kindC.wellD.happy?

[答案]C.?

[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。?

30?Peterruns___inourclass.?

A.thefastB.fasterC.fastestD.mostfast?

[答案]C.?

[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词。?

31?Wewereall___gladthatwesanganddanced.?

A.suchB.soC.veryD.quite?

[答案]B.?

[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。?

32?Katesings___Joan.?

A.aswellasB.asgoodasC.sogoodasD.asbetteras?

[答案]A.?[析]这里well为副词,意为"唱得好"。?

33?Thiseggsmells___,thoughitlooksallright.?

A.goodB.wellC.badD?badly?

[答案]C.?

[析]smell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词。同样的词,还有sound,feel,seem、become(变成)等等,如:Icefeelscoldinwinter.

34?Waitaminute,Ihave___totellyou.?

A.somethinginterestedB.somethinginteresting?

C.interestingsomethingD.anythinginteresting?

[答案]B.?[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。

35?Ishallvisityou___nextyear.?

A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimeD.sometimes?

[答案]B.?

[析]sometimes有时,sometime某一时刻,sometime一段时间,sometimes若干次?

36?Mysistersaidshewouldtrytospeak___Englisheveryday.

A.alittleB.afewC.litttleD.few?

[答案]A.?

[析]little修饰不可数名词,而alittle意为"一些,一点"。?

37?Ihave___friendshereandIoftenvisitthem.?

A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle?

[答案]C.[析]afew意为"有些",few后面要加可数名词复数。

38?Ofallthesebooks,doyouthink,whichoneis___??

A.interestingB.muchinteresting?

C.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting?

[答案]D.?[析]Ofallthesebooks是用来表示最高级的范围