高二英语语法考点归纳：过去分词做状语。

一名优秀的教师就要对每一课堂负责，准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助高中教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。您知道高中教案应该要怎么下笔吗？以下是小编为大家收集的“高二英语语法考点归纳：过去分词做状语”仅供参考，希望能为您提供参考！

高二英语语法考点归纳：过去分词做状语

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..
Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.
过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。
Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.
1作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句
Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…
2作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。
Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…
3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句
Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….
Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…
　4作方式或伴随状语
Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.
Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.
5作让步状语
Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….
6独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。
Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.
Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.
Rewritewithproperconjunctions
Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.
Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.
1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.
→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…
2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…
3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
Ifweweregivenmoretime,
　4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,
5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,
6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,
现在分词与过去分词作状语
现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。
Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)
选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：
Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.
　在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用
注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态
_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)
______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)
belostin
bedressedin
beinterestedin
bedevotedto
besupposedto?becaughtintherain
beseatedin
bepreparedfor
bedeterminedto
　2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构
generallyspeaking　一般说来
strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说
judgingfrom从…判断
allthingsconsidered从整体来看
takingallthingsintoconsideration　全面看来
例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。
Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.
总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)
Practice
1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.
buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine
1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.
2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.
3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.
4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.
5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.
6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.
7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.
练习
1____time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
AHavinggivenBTogiveCGivingDGiven
2___in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
ABeingfoundedBItwasfounded
CFoundedDFounding
3Unless__tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
AinvitedBinviting
CbeinginvitedDhavinginvited
4___,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
AHehadbeentoldmanytimes
BHavingbeentoldmanytimes
CToldmanytimes
DAlthoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes
5Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
AintroducingBintroduced
CintroduceDbeingintroduced
6Thereseemedtobenothing___todobut___forthedoctor.
Aleave/sendBleft/tosend
Cleft/sendDleaving/send
作介词but,expect,besides的宾语，前面又有实意动词do时，不定式通常省去to
7____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere___themselves.
AHunting/hidingBTohunt/tohide
CHunted/hidingDHunted/tohide
8.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.
A.following,followingB.followed,followed
C.following,followedD.followed,following
9.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.
A.looked;takenB.looking;taken
C.looked;tookD.looking;taking
10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtied
C.tobetiedD.tied
11.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.Togive
C.GivingD.Havinggiven

精选阅读

高二英语语法考点归纳：过去分词作宾补

高二英语语法考点归纳：过去分词作宾补

英语中过去分词可作宾补，(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：
Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)
一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.
Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(谚语：少说多看)
Dontleavesuchanimportantthingundone.
Dontleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.
二.过分词用在get,have,make,的后面。
1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：
A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"
eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.
Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.
B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受.....损失"
Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.
Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.
Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：
TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.
Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.
　三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如
Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.
Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.
Hefelthimselfcheated.
Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)
四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如
Thebosswouldntliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.
Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.
Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.
Iwishtheproblemsettled.
五、过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：
Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.
Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.
Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补：　表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:Hedidntnoticemewaiting.
IheardthesongsunginEnglish.
Isawhimopeningthewindow.
Isawthewindowopened.
Isawhimopenthewindow.
IheardhersingthesonginEnglish.

专项训练1：
1.___pooratEnglish,ImafraidIcantmakemyself___.
A.Tobe;understandB.Im;tounderstandC.Being;understandingD.Being;understood
2.Ihavehadmybike___,andImgoingtohavesomebody___myradiotomorrow.
A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing
3.Youmustgetthework___beforeFriday.
A.doB.todoC.doingD.done
4.___theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder___.
A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen
5.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.
A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling
6.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad____wentwrongagain.(上海1999)
A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired
7.Itiswisetohavesomemoney___foroldage.(NMET1996)
A.putawayB.keepupC.giveawayD.laidup(putaway放好,储存...备用,处理掉,放弃,抛弃)
8.Idontwantthechildren___outinsuchweather.
A.takeB.totakeC.takenD.taking
9.ImafraidthatIcantmakemyself___becauseofmypoorEnglish.
A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood
10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied(表动作完成)

　专项训练2：
1.Wefoundhergreatly___.
A.improvingB.changedC.tohelpD.havingdisturbed
2.Janegotherbadtooth___atthedentists.
A.toputinB.pulledoutC.pushedoutD.drawingout
3.When____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(上海2002)
A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted
4.Withalotofdifficulties___,theywenttotheseashoreandhadagoodrest.
A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled
5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce___nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(NMET2002)
A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun(oncebegun在句中作状语，begin为及物动词:“着手”)
6.___,theywenthome,___.
A.Theirworkhadbeenfinished;singingandlaughing
B.Theyhadfinishedtheirwork;sangandlaughed
C.Theirworkfinished;singingandlaughing
D.aftertheirworkfinished;singingandlaughing
7.BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword___
A.speakingB.speakC.spokenD.tospeak

8.____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
9.___fromspace,theearthwithwater___70%ofitssurfacelookslikea"blueblanket".
A.Seen;coveredB.Beingseen;coversC.Seeing;coveringD.Seen;covering
10.____,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.
A.IfcarefullydoingB.IfitdonecarefullyC.IfcarefullydoneD.Ifdoingcarefully
11.Thegirlwroteacompositionwithout___.
A.askB.askingC.beingaskedD.tobeasked
12.Hefinishedhishomeworkandthenwenton___me.
A.helpingB.withhelpC.withhelpingD.tohelp
13.___wheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.
A.Havinglosthiswayandnotknowing
B.Losinghiswayanddidntknow
C.Havinglosthiswayanddidntknow
D.Losthiswayanddidntknow
14.____herfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.
A.HearingB.HavingheardC.TohearD.Heard
15.____histeamhadwon,hisfacelitupatonce.
A.KnowingB.WhenknowingC.AfterknowingD.Whenheknew
专项训练3：
1.Theyhurriedbackhomeonlytofindtheirhouse___into.
A.breakB.tobreakC.brokenD.breaking
2.Whenhecameto,hefoundhimself___onachair,withhishands___back.
A.tosit;tiedB.sitting;tyingC.sat;tiedD.sitting;tied
3.Wedonotfeel___toentermodernbuildings;everythingaboutthemseemsunfriendly.
A.invitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.tobeinvited
(feel后加形容词，此处的invited表主语we的感受)
4.Imgoingtohavemyletters____tomorrowifIvegotthemreadybythen.
A.totypeB.typeC.typedD.typing
5.Everygreatcultureinthepasthaditsownideasofbeauty___inartandliterature.
A.expressedB.toexpressC.beingexpressedD.tobeexpressed
答案：
专项训练1：1-10DCDBACACDD
专项训练2：:1-15BBAADDDADCCDDAD
专项训练3：:1-5CDACA

高二年级英语语法知识点：过去分词做状语

一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让上课时的教学氛围非常活跃，有效的提高课堂的教学效率。写好一份优质的教案要怎么做呢？下面是小编帮大家编辑的《高二年级英语语法知识点：过去分词做状语》，仅供您在工作和学习中参考。

高二年级英语语法知识点：过去分词做状语

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

1.作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句

Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

2.作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。

Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

3.作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句

Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

4.作方式或伴随状语

Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

5.作让步状语

Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

6.独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

Rewritewithproperconjunctions

Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

Ifweweregivenmoretime,

4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

Althoughhewasleftaloneathome.

现在分词与过去分词作状语

现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。

Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)

选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：

Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.

由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。

Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.

在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用

注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态

_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)

______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)

belostin

bedressedin

beinterestedin

bedevotedto

besupposedto?becaughtintherain

beseatedin

bepreparedfor

bedeterminedto

2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构

generallyspeaking　一般说来

strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说

judgingfrom从…判断

allthingsconsidered从整体来看

takingallthingsintoconsideration　全面看来

例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。

Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.

总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)

Practice

1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.

buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine

1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.

2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.

3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.

4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.

5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.

6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.

7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.

高二英语语法知识重点：过去分词作宾补

经验告诉我们，成功是留给有准备的人。作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。优秀有创意的教案要怎样写呢？下面是小编为大家整理的“高二英语语法知识重点：过去分词作宾补”，相信您能找到对自己有用的内容。

高二英语语法知识重点：过去分词作宾补

英语中过去分词可作宾补，(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)

一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.

Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(谚语：少说多看)

Dontleavesuchanimportantthingundone.

Dontleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.

二.过分词用在get,have,make,的后面。

1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：

A)表让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做

eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.

Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.

B)表遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受.....损失

Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.

Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)

2.make+宾语+过去分词,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：

TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.

Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.

Hefelthimselfcheated.

Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)

四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

Thebosswouldntliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.

Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.

Iwishtheproblemsettled.

五、过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：

Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.

Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.

Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.

六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

不定式作宾补：　表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

eg:Hedidntnoticemewaiting.

IheardthesongsunginEnglish.

Isawhimopeningthewindow.

Isawthewindowopened.

Isawhimopenthewindow.

IheardhersingthesonginEnglish.

高考英语动词过去分词语法复习

经验告诉我们，成功是留给有准备的人。教师要准备好教案，这是教师的任务之一。教案可以让学生们有一个良好的课堂环境，帮助教师在教学期间更好的掌握节奏。你知道如何去写好一份优秀的教案呢？下面是小编为大家整理的“高考英语动词过去分词语法复习”，希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

高中英语语法之动词过去分词
简介
规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词
1.及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了.
2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成.Heisretired.他已退休.
3.有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构.
过去分词构成规则
1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,
(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。
study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。
stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped
2、不规则动词，见不规则表
一、当过去分词作为表语
Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.这座城市三面环山.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.
(1)Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)
(2)Thelibraryisnowclosed.图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语)
过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.
(3)ThebookisinterestingandIminterestedinit.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.
二、当过去分词作为定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.
Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.
2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.
Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.
3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.
Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.
4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.
Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视.
三、当过去分词作为状语
1.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.
(1)Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.
written为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写.值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);stationed(驻扎);lost/absorbedin(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦).
(2)Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.
2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.
(1)Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.
再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I,即I被再给一个小时.)
(2)_Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.
从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)
如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.
(1)Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.信号一发出,汽车就开动了.(thesignal是given的逻辑主语,因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语.
(2)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语,因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语.)
3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.
(1)Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了.(caughtinaheavyrain为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain.)
(2)_Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.(growninrichsoil为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil.
状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.
Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.
4.过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.
Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.
四、当过去分词作为宾语补足语
(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类:
1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等.(1)IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;)(2)_Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.他发现他的家乡变化很大.(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found)
2.表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have,make,get,keep,leave等.
(1)Illhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理发.
(2)Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.他昨天把牙拔了.
(3)Dontleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完.
3.表示思维活动的动词如consider，know，think等后。如：
(1)Iconsiderthemattersettled.我认为这件事解决了。
(2)Ithoughtmyselfwrongedsomehowinthebargain.我认为自己在这场交易中有受愚弄了。
4.表示爱憎意愿的动词如want，wish，like，hate等后。如：
(1)Iwantedtwoticketsreserved.我要预定两张机票。
(2)Hedidn’twishitmentioned.他不愿这事被提起。
过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系.
(二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.
1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成.
Hehadhismoneystolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了)
2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如:Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了.(自己的经历)
五、"with+宾语+过去分词"的结构
此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.(1)Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)(2)Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件)(3)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因)(4)_Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.(5)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿.
练习
1.Mr.Smith,_______ofthe________speech,startedtoreadanovel.
A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring
2.Ongettingtothekindergarten,themotherwasgladtoseeherbabywell_________.
A.lookedforB.caredforC.takecareofD.caredafter
3.Thetwooldsisters,_________solong,heldeachotherandburstintotears.
A.beingseparatedB.havingbeenseparated
C.havingseparatedD.hadbeenseparated
4.Let’shavearest.The_______workmademevery________.
A.tired;tiredB.tiring;tiringC.tired;tiringD.tiring;tired
5.Justasthevalueofatelephonenetworkincreaseswitheachnewphone_________tothesystem,sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincreasewitheachprogramthatturnsout.
A.addingB.tohaveaddedC.toaddD.added
6.Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepus______aboutwhatishappeningintheworld.
A.informingB.toinformC.informedD.beinginformed
7.Everyonewas________byhis_______progresswhichhemadeduringthetwomonths.
A.surprised;surpriseB.surprised;surprised
C.surprised;surprisingD.surprising;surprising
8.Whenheturnedaround,hefoundapairofeyes_________him.
A.lookingB.watchatC.fixingonD.staringat
9.Thefilmyousawlastlightwasmade_________onatruestorythathappenedmanyyearsago.A.baseB.tobebasedC.basedD.basing
10.After_______hiswork,theteachercametohelpmewithmyEnglish.
A.finishedB.beingfinishedC.havingfinishedD.befinishing
11.Followthedirectionsonthebottlecarefullywhen__________themedicine.
A.youwilltakeB.takingC.totakeD.taken
12.Thestudents,________theirteachers,camehome.
A.followedB.followC.followingD.willfollow
13.Thelong-lastingwar,filledwithbloodanddeaths,endedinpeople’ssadness,_______noresult.A.reachedB.toreachC.wouldreachD.reaching
14.Theyspentthenight_________intheroom.
A.havinglockedB.lockingC.tobelockedD.locked
15.Hewrotealettertotheking___________.
A.hopingtobesetfreeB.tosethimfreeC.sothatbesetfreeD.askedtobesetfree
16.Stevenhasdevotedallhislifeto_______films,andKate,hiswife,isalso________tothedutyofherprofession.
A.make;devotedB.making;devotingC.making;devotedD.make;devoting
17.________inthedark,hisheadhitagainstatree.
A.WalkingB.HewaswalkingC.WalkedD.Whenhewaswalking
18.Timeshouldbemadegooduse________ourlessonswell.
A.oflearningB.tolearnC.tolearningD.oftolearn
19.Thefilm,________truestoryofthisRedArmygeneral,attractedpeople’sinterestalloverthecountry.
A.isbasedonB.isonthebaseof
C.whichisthebaseofD.basedupon
20.Shereturnedhomefromthemarketonlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings_______.
A.stoleB.missingC.missedD.losing
21._________itrains,wewillstayathome.
A.SupposedB.SupposingC.TosupposeD.Ifsuppose
22._________withyours,ourlibraryis_________toosmallasize.
A.Comparing;inB.Comparing;ofC.Compared;inD.Compared;of
23.It’sdangeroustocarryahotpanwith________oil.
A.burningB.burntC.burnD.burns
24.Weweretoldthatthestonefigure_______backtothe16thcenturywasofgreatvalue.
A.datedB.datingC.comingD.kept
25.Theboylayonhisback,histeeth_______andhisglaringeyes_______straightupwards.
A.set;lookedB.set;lookingC.setting;lookedD.setting;looking
26.________intheforest,hehadtoaskforhelpbysendingoutsignals.
A.HavinglostB.LosingC.LostD.Hewaslost
27.TheGoldenGateBridge,________severalhundredyearsago,isworldwidefamous.
A.whichisbuiltB.whichbuiltC.havingbuiltD.built
28.Isuggestedthecheat_________intoprison.
A.referredtobeingputB.referredbeput
C.referredshouldbeputD.referredtobeput
29.___________,Iwentoutforawalk.
A.TherewasnothingtodoB.Therebeingnothingtodo
C.TherehadnothingtodoD.Hadnothingtodo
30.Hereturnedhometolearnthatthegirl________hadbeenmarriedthesecretaryvillage.
A.becameengagedtohimB.wasengagedtohim
C.engagedtohimbeforeD.gotengagedtohim
31.__________atfailinginthemathsexam,Johnwouldn’tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.
A.DisappointedB.TobedisappointedC.DisappointingD.Havingdisappointed
32._________inthedarkcave,hewasnotafraidofbeingfoundby________enemysoldiers.
A.Hidden;armedB.Hide;armedC.hidden;armD.Hiding;armed
33.Tohavethewonderfulcloth________newclothes,theyhadthemachine______alldaylong.
A.madeof;runningB.madeof;runC.madeinto;workingD.madeinto;work
34.TheWorldTradeOrganizationfinallyopeneditsdoortoChinaonNovember10,_______ourChinese15-yearwait.A.toendB.endedC.endingD.ends
35.If_______inwetsand,thevegetablescan_______freshforalongtime.
A.beingburied;remainB.buried;remainC.buried;beremainedD.burying;remain
36._________overandoveragain,buthestillcouldn’tunderstand.
A.HavingexplainedB.havingbeenexplainedC.ExplainingD.Ithadbeenexplained
37.Everything_________,theplanisfairlypractical,youcanputitintopractice.
A.consideringB.takenintoconsiderationC.toconsiderD.takingintoconsideration
38.________fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_______seventypercentofitssurface,appearsasa“blueball”.
A.Seen;coveredB.seeing;coveringC.Seen;coveringD.Tosee;tocover
39.Agreatbigfellow,________around250pounds,walkedwithslowheavynoisyfootstepsuptotheproducercounterinthesupermarket.
A.weighedB.weighingC.weighsD.weighty
40.---Theplan________isofgreatimportancetoeverybody.
---Isee.Heissuretofinishitontime.
A.madeB.makingC.tobemadeD.tomake
41.Fromthedates________onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked
42.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload________mymind.
A.takingoffB.tobetakenoffC.havingtakenoffD.takenoff
43.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,withtheireyes________.
A.widelyopenB.wideopenedC.widelyopenedD.wideopen
44.Thescientistcametothemeetingwithhiswife________him.
A.beingsupportedB.supportingC.supportedD.support
45.Thenoiseofthemachines_________canbeclearlyheardinourclassroom.
A.fixedB.beingfixedC.tobefixedD.havingbeenfixed
46.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute__________.
A.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettled
47.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience_________onbenches,chairs,orboxes.A.havingseatedB.seatingC.seatedD.seat
48.__________inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodisappointing.
A.TolookatB.LookingatC.LookedatD.Tobelookedat
49._________inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling,000.
A.TobejudgedthebestB.Havingjudgedthebest
C.JudgedthebestD.Judgingthebest
50.Thepresidentpromisedtokeepalltheboardmembers_________ofhowthenegotiationsweregoingon.
A.informB.informingC.beinformedD.informed
51.________withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.
A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing
52.WhenthefirstEnglishsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians________jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.
A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn
53.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures______inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.
A.toformB.formC.formingD.havingformed
54.Whenfirst_________tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced
55.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen_________atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned
56.________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
57.Theflowers________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
58.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticattheparty.
A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded
59.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,___________.
A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsed
C.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists
60.________bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanthertwodaysonthefarm.
A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted
61.Theoldman,_________abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismother.
A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked
62.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,________as3M.
A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown
63._________theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwodays.
A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Notcompleted
64.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry
65.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting
66.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto________beforetheparty.
A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange
67.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,__________.
A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted
68.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.
A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked
69.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_______thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappeared
C.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing
70.________time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given
71.Generallyspeaking,_______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.
A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken
72.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan__________.
A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkept
73.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited
74.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen
75.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun
76.________tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’shealth.
A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed
77.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,_______ourheateddiscussion.
A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interrupting
C.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted
78.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevotedallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.
A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup
79.__________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.
A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered
80.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.
A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout
81._________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
A.BeingfoundB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding
82.Thepicture________onthewallispaintedbymynephew.
A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung
83.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.
A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay
84.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
85.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.
A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake
86._________inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose
87.Theladysaidthatshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_________.
A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremain
C.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars
88._________andhappy,Tonnystoodupandacceptedtheprize.
A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising
89.Agoodstorydoesn’tnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_________.
A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied
90.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle_______toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.
A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven
91.Thefirsttextbooks_________forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written
92.Thecomputercentre,_______lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.
A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened
93.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes__________.
A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.opening
94.Themurdererwasbroughtinwithhishands_________behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied
95._________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.togiveC.GivingD.havinggiven
96.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_______bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
97.TheOlympicGames,________in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying
98.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
99.________suchheavypollutionsalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.
A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.suffered
100.Sugar,when________withwater,dissolvesquickly.
A.mixedB.mixingC.mixD.ismixed
答案：1-10ABBDDCCDCC11-20BCADBCDDDB21-30BDABBCDDBC31-40AACCBDBCBC41-50BDDBBDCCCD51-60CACBCCBABB61-70BBAADADBDD71-80BAABDCABBC81-90CBAAACDBAC90-100DDADACCCAA