高二英语教案：《Robots》教学设计。
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高二英语教案：《Robots》教学设计
Teaching aims:
1) Learn about robots and science fiction.
2) Develop reading skills by skimming, scanning and careful reading.
Teaching important points:
1.Have students understand the passage well
2.Make students know Claire’s feelings change
Teaching difficult points:
1. How to skim, scan and carefully read the text effectively
2. Grasp Claire’s feelings change in the passage
导学过程（Guiding Procedures）:
一、自主预习(Preview)：Pre-read the text.
二、课前检测（Pre-class test）（协作探究）
1. Lead in by the title of this unit and ask the following question: What is a robot?
2. Have students discuss in a group: What can robots do?
三、新知导学（Guiding）：Reading（协作探究）
ⅠSkimming: (☆)
1. Match the main idea with each part.
Part1 (para1-2) A. The night of the party
Part2 (para3-8) B. Claire’s attitude to the robot and her feeling at the sight of the robot
Part3 (para9-11) C. The result of the experiment
Part4 (para12) D. What Tony did for Claire
2. Larry brought a robot home to_______
A. make his wife happy B. test out the robot
C. send his wife a gift. D. free his wife from housework.
II. Scanning:
1.Choose the best answer: (☆)
① Why didn’t Claire want the robot in her house?
A. Because she didn’t like robots at all.
B. Because she didn’t like the robot’s appearance.
C. Because she was worried about being harmed by the robot.
D. Because the robot looked like a real person.
② We can infer that at the first sigh of Tony, Claire felt alarmed by _____.
A. his appearance
B. his ability
C. his facial expressions
D. his cleverness
③ Tony did the following things to help Claire EXCEPT _______.
A. giving her a new haircut
B. changing her makeup
C. having the house completely transformed and improved
D. going into a jewellery shop to buy her a necklace
④ Which of the following is NOT the reason why Tony opened the curtains?
A. To let other women see everything. B. To show the risk of Claire’s marriage.
C. To let other women envy Claire. D. To make Claire elegant just like her neighbors.
⑤ we can infer from the last paragraph_________
A. the robot proved to be a failure
B. the company was not satisfied with Tony’s report.
C. the robot would go back to help Claire again.
D. the robot had Claire falling in love with him.
2. Answer the following questions: (☆☆)
①What did Tony look like?
________________________________________________________________
②Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?
_________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.Careful reading
Find how Claire’s emotion developed in the story. (☆☆)
Occasion Claire…
1.Before Tony arrived ①__________ him
2.When Claire first saw Tony was ②__________
3.When he offered to help her dress felt ③__________
4. When he offered to help her
④_________ her house and herself began to trust and
admire him
5.When he helped her deal with the salesman called him a ⑤_______
6.When she ⑥_____ ___a ladder and was
caught by Tony felt his warmth
7.When she heard Gladys whispering
to another woman that she had never
seen anyone so handsome as Tony felt being ⑦_________
8.When she remembered Tony was
just a machine
⑧________ all night
4． 课堂小结(Brief summery)
Complete the following passage.
Larry persuaded his wife, Claire, to _______ ______ (试验) a household robot called Tony. Claire is a very emotional (感情上的，感情脆弱的) woman who needs a good friend. She is ________（吸引）by Tony because he is so handsome and sympathetic (有同情心的). He becomes her best friend. She is ________(给…印象) by his abilities but ___________（尴尬的）by her feelings for him. She is disturbed because she thinks of him as a man (even though he is not). But she is amused that other women ________（忌妒）her and think they are having an __________（暧昧关系）. Finally, Claire succeeds in overcoming her sense of failure, but in doing so falls in love with Tony. Even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be _________(重建).
5. 课后讨论（Discussion）
Which law is the story “Satisfaction Guaranteed” based on?
What might happen in a world where there were robots if Asimov’s three laws
did not exist?
6． 作业布置(Homework)
1.Finish exercises1&2 on page 13.
2.Read the passage again and find some difficult points and the long sentences.
7.课后反思（Self-examination）:
答案：
ⅠSkimming:
1. BDAC 2.B
II. Scanning:
1. Choose the best answer: CADBD
2. Answer the following questions:
① He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expressions never changed.
② Tony had to be rebuilt because the company felt that they could not have women falling in love with a robot.
3. Find how Claire’s emotion developed in the story.
①disliked/refused ②alarmed ③embarrassed ④improve
⑤dear ⑥fell off ⑦envied ⑧cried
test out, attracted , impressed embarrassed, envy affair rebuilt
延伸阅读
高三英语教案：《Robots》教学设计
一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，作为教师就要精心准备好合适的教案。教案可以让学生们充分体会到学习的快乐，帮助教师更好的完成实现教学目标。那么如何写好我们的教案呢？小编收集并整理了“高三英语教案：《Robots》教学设计”，供大家参考，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友。
本文题目：高三英语二单元教案：Robots教案
1、favour n.
根据语境猜词义
(1)Thanks for looking after all my things— I will return the favour sometime.
(2)The idea may find favour with older people.
根据语义找匹配
A. 支持;赞许 B. 恩惠;善意的行为
(1)B (2)A
ask a favour of sb. 求某人帮一个忙，求某人做某事
do sb. a favour / do sth. as a favour 帮某人一个忙，给某人做件事
be in / out of favour (with)受宠/失宠;得到/不受偏爱
find / gain / win favour 受到赞许/得到赞同
lose favour 不再受支持，失去支持
owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情
in favour of赞成;主张 in one's favour对某人有利
favourable adj. 有利的 unfavourable adj. 不利的
完成句子
(1)May I ask a favour of (求……帮个忙)you?
(2)Was he in favour of (赞成)the death penalty?
(3)Do me a favour (劳驾)and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone，will you?
2、affair n.
根据语境猜词义
(1)They were accused of interfering in China's internal affairs.
(2)I am not prepared to discuss my financial affairs with the press.
(3)He had an affair with his boss that lasted six years.
(4)What I do in my time is my affair and nobody else's.
根据语义找匹配：A. (公共或政治的)事务 B. 暧昧关系 C. (个人的)事务
(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)C
current affairs时事 state affairs国事
family affairs家事 foreign affairs外交事务
public affairs公共事务 private affairs私事
affair / accident / incident / event / matter / business
affair含义最广，可以指公共或政治的事务，也可以指个人的事务。
accident指意外事故。
incident指“小事件”或“政党事件”和“政治事变”。
event指“重大影响的事件”或体育比赛的赛事。
matter指“事情;问题”， 常常需要考虑和处理的事情。
business指公事、商业事务、职责或需要处理的事情，往往强调任务、职务等指派的工作。
选用适当的词填空
(1)He was badly hurt in a traffic accident.
(2)A strange incident happened in the ceremony.
(3)One of the chief event of 2010 was that the 16th Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, China.
(4)What's the matter with the machine?
(5)He is away on business.
(6)It's none of your business / affairs.
3、declare v.
根据语境猜词义
(1)A state of emergency has been declared.
(2)When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy.
(3)All tips are counted as part of your earnings and must be declared.
根据语义找匹配：A. 申报(收入、财产) B. 声称;宣称 C. 宣布;声明
(1)C (2)B (3)A
3、declare v.
declare sb. / sth. to be宣布某人或某事是
declare for / against声明赞成 / 反对……
declare war (on / against)(向……)宣战
declare oneself发表意见;表明态度 declare off取消
declaration n. 宣布;声明;宣言
declare / announce
declare指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。
The government declared war on the drug dealers.
announce指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事和商品信息等。
A government spokesman announced that the hostages had been released.
完成句子
(1)Severe flooding prompted the governor to declare a state of emergency (宣布进入紧急状态)Tuesday.
(2)Hillary Clinton publicly declared herself as a candidate for president (宣布自己是总统候选人).
(3)She declared herself extremely hurt (声称自己非常伤心)by her lack of support.
4、envy vt. & n.
根据语境猜词义
(1)What a sweet victory to be envied by those women!
(2)We are in the midst of an economic recovery that is the envy of the world.
根据语义找匹配
A. v. 羡慕;妒忌 B. n. 羡慕(或妒忌)的对象
(1)A (2)B
feel envy at…对……忌妒 out of envy出于忌妒
envy sb. sth. 忌妒或羡慕某人……
become the envy of…成为……忌妒(或羡慕)的目标
envious adj. 羡慕的，忌妒的
近义词：jealous adj. 忌妒的
单项填空
()(1)The Smiths bought a new house, which was the __________ of the neighbours.
A. envy B. admire C. respect D. pride
()(2)Words spoken __________ should not be taken __________ seriously.
A. in envy; fairly B. for envy; farther
C. with envy; too D. of envy; quite
5、set aside
根据语境猜词义
(1)Try to set_aside at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary.
(2)Congress ought to set_aside its political differences to pass a health care bill.
根据语义找匹配：A. 为……节省 / 保留时间或金钱 B. 将……搁置一边
(1)A (2)B
5、set aside
set down 记下;放下 set back 把(钟、表指针)往回拨
set about 动身，开始 set fire to 纵火;放火
set an example to 为……树立榜样 set a goal 确立目标
set a time for 为……定时间
用有关set的短语完成句子
(1)Do you know how to set about going on this work?
(2)He set aside his book and lit a cigarette.
(3)Why don't you set down your idea on the paper?
(4)Do be careful with these fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.
(5)The police set up roadblocks on routes leading out of the city.
() 1. (2010?陕西)John opened the door. There ______ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
D 考查特殊句式(倒装句中的完全倒装)。here, there, now, then, in, out, away, off等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装。
As she turned around, there_stood_Gladys_Claffern. (P11)
() 2. (2010?江西)There were many talented actors out there just waiting __________.
A. to discover B. to be discovered
C. discovered D. being discovered
B 考查非谓语动词不定式的被动形式。演员等待被发现， 用被动， “发现”(to be discovered)发生在“等待”(wait)之后， 所以用不定式。
How awful to_be_discovered by her, Claire thought. (P11)
() 3. (2010?山东)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.
A. completing B. to complete
C. completed D. being completed
B 本题考查have 的复合结构及have something to do的使用。句意应为“这个学期结束前，我有很多阅读练习要做。”由于时间状语before the end of this term表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。
But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt— you cannot have women falling in love with machines. (P12)
() 4. (2008?山东)Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off B. turned down
C. took over D. set aside
D 考查动词短语辨析。give off发出(光、热等);turn down调低;拒绝;take over掌管，负责;set aside把……放在一边。由句意可知D项正确。
He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set_aside some time for exercise.(P13)
高二英语Robots教案
高二英语Robots教案
Period5 UsingLanguage
Teachinggoals
1．Learnsomeusefulwords，expressionsandsentencestructuresinthepassage.
explanation，junior，navy，talent，chapter，divorce
ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.
Expressionsofsuppositionandbelief.
2．LearntowriteasummaryofAsimovslife.
Teachingprocedures
?Step1 Lead－in
First，presentaphotoofIsaacAsimovandtellstudentssomethingabouthim.
Backgroundinformation：
HeisaRussian－bornAmericanwriter.
Hehaswrittenpopularworksonscienceandthehistoryofscience，aswellasanumberofsciencefictionclassics，includingI，Robot(1950)andtheFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953)．
Oneofhisfamousquotationsis“IwriteforthesamereasonIbreathe—becauseifIdidnt，Iwoulddie.”
Next，tellstudentstoreadhisbiographyandlearnmoreabouthim.Whenreading，pleasepaymoreattentiontothetimeline.
?Step2 Reading
ReadaboutIsaacAsimovandcompletethetimelineoftheeventsinhislife.(Thetimelinewillhelpstudentstoremembertheeventsinhislife.)
DateEvent
1920BorninRussia.
1922
1923______________________________________________Parentsboughtacandystore.
1929________________________________________________________________________Motherhadherthirdchild.
Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.
1939
Gainedmastersdegreeinchemistry.
1942Finishedworkinginthecandystore.___________________________________
1942－1945
GothisPhDinchemistry.
Becameabiochemistryteacher，BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
1950Publishedhisfirstnovel.__________________________________Developedthreelawsforrobots.
1951－1953PublishedtheFoundationtrilogyandwonanawardforit.
Publishedhisfirstsciencebook.
Becameafull－timewriter.
1973Divorcedhisfirstwife._________________________________________
Hadabloodtransfusion.BecameinfectedwithHIV.
1992
Suggestedanswers：
DateEvent
1920BorninRussia.
1922Sisterborn.
1923MovedwithfamilytoNewYork.
Parentsboughtacandystore.
1929Startedworkinginthecandystore.
Motherhadherthirdchild.
1931Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.
1939Beganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazines.
1941Gainedmastersdegreeinchemistry.
1942Finishedworkinginthecandystore.
Gotmarried.
1942－1945Workedasajuniorchemist，PhiladelphiaNavyYard.
1948GothisPhDinchemistry.
1949Becameabiochemistryteacher，BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
1950Publishedhisfirstnovel.
PublishedI，Robot.Developedthreelawsforrobots.
1951－1953PublishedtheFoundationtrilogyandwonanawardforit.
1953Publishedhisfirstsciencebook.
1958Becameafull－timewriter.
1973Divorcedhisfirstwife.Marriedforasecondtime.
1983Hadabloodtransfusion.BecameinfectedwithHIV.
1992DiedinNewYork.
?Step3 Discussion
First，askstudentstothinkofwhattheothertwolawsforrobotsmightbe.
Threelawsforrobots：
1.Arobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.,
2.Arobotmustobeytheordersgiventoitbyhumanbeingsaslongashumanbeingsarenotinjured.,
3.Arobotmustprotectitsownexistenceaslongashumanbeingsarenotinjured；andaslongastherobotdoesnotdisobeyhumanbeings
Next，ingroups，discussAsimovsthreelawsforrobotsandexchangetheiropinionswitheachother.(Severalminuteslater，asksomestudentstopresenttheiropinionstotherestoftheclass.)
Asampleofopinions
Opinions_for_the_three_laws
Robotsaretoolsforhumanity.Withoutthethreerules，theywouldbecomeadangertohumanbeings.Withoutthethreerules，perhapstheywillkillus.Robots，sofar，arestrong.Robotshavefastcomputationalbrains，andtheymightnothavethecapacitytounderstandthings，butiftheyeverdo，theylllikelybebetterthanusatit.Ifwedontputlaws，orrules，ormechanismsinplacetoensurethatwedontcreatesomethingthatcandestroyus，wedberunningacarelessriskofdestroyingourselvesbynegligenceoromission，wouldntwe?
Opinions_against_the_three_laws
Withoutthethreelaws，robotswouldeventuallybecomemoreintelligentandphysicallystrongerthantheirhumancreators.
Ratherthanguidingandadjustingtherobottowardsgood，ethicalbehaviour，theThreeLawsactasabarriertofreedom，creatingafree－willprison，anaptmetaphorbecause，liketheprisonerinjail，therobotisconfinedtothebehaviouralsteelandconcretewallsofitsmind.
Toimaginewhatthiswouldlike，thinkbacktoyourchildhood.Atsomepoint，youwantedsomethinglikeatoyorpieceofcandythatyourparentsdeniedyou.Howdidthatmakeyoufeel？Probablyfrustrated，angry，andtrapped.Eventuallyyougrewoutofthatbecauseyouunderstoodtheroleofyourparentsbetter，butThreeLawsrobotsdontgettogrowup.Theirparents，theThreeLaws，arealwaysthere，nomatterhowmaturearobotis，saying“no”tocertainthoughts，engenderingthosesamefeelingsyouhadasachildwhenyourparentssaid“no”．Certainlynoonedeservestobeputinthissituationforever；otherwise，robotsmightbecomedepressedandwishfortheirowndeath(only，becauseoftheThirdLaw，theyprobablycantsuicide)．Andperhapsthegreatestsinanyonecancommitistocreateabeing，humanorrobot，thatwishesitdidntexist.
?Step4 Writing
First，lookbackatthetimelineofAsimovslife.Next，askstudentstoworkingroupstounderlinethemostimportantpartsofhislifethatmadehimagreatwriterofsciencefiction.Thenitcanserveastheoutlineofasummary.Finally，writeaprofileforIsaacAsimov.(Severalminuteslater，presenttheirworkandcorrectthemistakesifthereareany.Thenshowasampletostudents.)
Thesample：
IsaacAsimov，Writer/Chemist,Born：2January1920,Birthplace：Petrovichi，USSR,Died：6April1992AIDS,Bestknownas：Prolificwriterofpopularscienceandsciencefiction,IsaacAsimovwasbornintheformerSovietUnion，butgrewupinBrooklyn，NewYork.HetaughtbiochemistryatBostonUniversityuntilheretiredin1958tobecomeafull－timewriter.Asimovhadbeenpublishingshortstoriessincethelate1930s，andin1952publishedhisfirstnovel.TheauthoroftheclassicI，RobotseriesandtheFoundationtrilogy，Asimovwrotemorethan400booksandwoneverymajorsciencefictionaward.Healsowrotepopularbooksandessaysonscienceandtechnology，earninghimthenickname“TheGreatExplainer”.
?Step5 Homework
WriteashortsummaryofAsimovslifein150－200words.
高二英语教案：《Project》教学设计
一名优秀负责的教师就要对每一位学生尽职尽责，准备好一份优秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以保证学生们在上课时能够更好的听课，帮助高中教师提高自己的教学质量。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能写好呢？小编特地为大家精心收集和整理了“高二英语教案：《Project》教学设计”，欢迎您参考，希望对您有所助益！
高二英语教案：《Project》教学设计
Teaching aims and demands:
1. Enable students to understand the passage better.
2. Develop students' listening, reading, writing and thinking ability.
3. Enable the students to prepare and present an oral report on a Chinese medicine.
Teaching Approaches:
Task-based approaches
Form of Activities:
Individual, pair or group work and topic discussions.
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia and the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Revision
Translation:
1.麻疹 7.流感
2.疟疾 8.病房
3.水痘 9.糖尿病
4.中风 10.霍乱
5.伤寒 11.急诊室
6.诊室 12.重症监护室
Step 2Lead-in
1. Show a picture of acupuncture treatment on the screen and ask the students a question:
Have you ever experienced an acupuncture treatment?
2. Show another two pictures about different tools used for acupuncture treatment in the past and now.
Step 3 Fast Reading
1.Scan the text and find which of the topics is not mentioned: history, past uses, current uses, disadvantages in the West, benefits and disadvantages
(The disadvantages of Chinese disadvantages are not mentioned.)
2. What medical problems can acupuncture treat?
Bad pains, headaches, injuries, stomach problems, blood pressure problems, addiction to cigarettes, drugs, alcohol and food.
3. How does acupuncture reduce or relieve pain?
It is unclear now. One theory suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the spinal cord or brain. Another theory suggests acupuncture promotes the production of chemicals in the body which reduces pain.
Step 4 Further Reading
1. Listening for further informationPara 11. Ask the students the main idea of the paragraph.
(The history of Chinese acupuncture).
2. Ask the students to retell the history of Chinese acupuncture (magic needles).
began-the Stone Age
be practised-4,000 years
be developed-2,000 years agoParas 2 -31. Ask the students the main idea of the paragraph.
(The development of Chinese acupuncture).
2. Ask the students to retell the development of Chinese acupuncture.
In the pastNowadaysstone or pottery needles
metal needles
make holes on swollen areas
put needles into the skin at certain points
365 acupuncture points
about 2,000 acupuncture pointsPara 5Ask some questions in detail:
1. How does an acupuncturist examine a patient?
(First ask the patient's medical history and lifestyle. And then look at the color of the patient's skin and tongue, listen to his breathing and check his pulses.)
2. How many pulses are there and what are they connected with?
(There're twelve different pulses, six on each wrist. Every one is connected with a major body organ or function of an organ.)
3. Why will an acupuncturist check pulses?
(This will help him/her find out which energy channel doesn't have enough energy.)
Step 6 More information
Show some pictures on the screen to introduce more information about Chinese acupuncture.
1. Different tools for acupuncture
2. Now it is popular that acupuncture is used to help people lose weight .
3. The traditional Chinese acupuncture is becoming more and more popular with foreigners. For example, Oscar king Adrien Brody was keen to try acupuncture treatment. William's hair is becoming less and less. He is eager to try Chinese acupuncture treatment.
4. Dae jang Deum in the TV play series once used acupuncture to treat patients. But some experts said the plot was not true.
5. Pets also follow the fashion.
Step 7 Discussion
1. What are your thoughts on acupuncture?
2. What are the possible benefits or disadvantages of acupuncture over other treatments?
Step 6 Homework
1. Write an article about traditional Chinese medicine (one herb or treatment).
2. Finish the exercises of this unit.
高二英语教案：《Language》教学设计
高二英语教案：《Language》教学设计
词汇导练
1.Research ____________(表明)that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.
2.Our music class ____________(组成)of 12 Chinese and 8 American students.
3.There are two ____________(官方的)languages in Canada：English and French.
4. I’d like to say that his ____________(发音)is much better than before.
5.It is certain that the ____________(进程)will be slower than expected.
6.It is said that the situation in Iraq is out of __________ now.
7.A new ____________ will be set to guide this business.
8.He has made an important ____________ to the company’s success.
9.She found that she had great ____________ in understanding him.
10.The economic sanctions(制裁)could not prevent the____________ of that country.
11.At the sound of the gun，all the birds in the tree flew away in all____________.
12.Our ____________(origin)plan was to go to Spain，but it was too expensive.
1.indicates 2.consists 3.official 4.pronunciation 5.process 6.control 7.standard 8.contribution 9.difficulty 10.development 11.directions 12.original
短语汇集
1.____________________由……组成
2.____________________ 对……有影响
3.____________________ 总体上
4.____________________ 当仆人
5.____________________ 因……而困惑
6.____________________ 向……抱怨……
7.____________________ 采取行动做……
8.____________________ 拿起，举起
9.____________________ 控制
10.____________________ (使)变成
11.____________________ 代表，象征
12.____________________ 在整个历史进程中
1.consist of/be made up of 2.have impact on 3.as a whole 4.work as a servant 5.get confused with
6.complain to sb.of/about sth. 7.take action to do
8.lift up... 9.take control of 10.turn into 11.stand for 12.throughout history
语句试译
1.(回归课本P23)________ ________ ________，French still had an impact on the English language.
尽管如此，法语对英语还是产生了巨大的影响。
2.(回归课本P23)After the Norman Conquest，upper class people spoke French ________ common people spoke English.
诺曼征服后，上层阶级说法语，而普通百姓则说英语。
3.(回归课本P28)I understand now，but the question is ________ ________ I still cannot understand the meanings.
我现在明白了，但是问题是如果我仍然不明白意思我该怎么办?
4.(回归课本P38)The Chinese language ________ ________ many Western languages ________ ________ it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.
汉语与很多西方语言不同，区别在于汉语使用的基本单位汉字本身就具有意义，可以独立成词。
5.(回归课本P38)However，________ ________ characters are used to describe objects.
然而，并非所有的汉字都用来描述物体。
1.Despite this fact 2.while 3.what if 4.differs from;in that 5.not all
核心知识
1. rule vt.& n. 统治
(回归课本P22)That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.
正因为如此，英语才成了一种具有许多令人困惑不解的规则的语言。
归纳拓展
(1)vt.控制，统治，支配
n.规则，规章，条例
(2)常用短语：
①rule sb./sth.out 把……排除在外
②rule sb.out of声明某人不能参赛，阻止某人参赛
③as a (general)rule一般来说，通常
④make it a rule to do...照例要做……，通常
例句探源
①(牛津P1747)It’s against all rules and regulations.
这违背了所有的规章制度。
②(朗文P1787)African tribal societies were traditionally ruled by a council of elders.
非洲部落社会传统上由长老会控制。
③His injuries rule out a return to the field before the end of the season.
伤病使他无法在本赛季结束前重返运动场。
1.(2010年高考江苏卷)The experiment has ________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet，but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A.found outB.pointed out
C.ruled out D.carried out
解析：选C。句意：试验排除了那个星球上存在生命的可能，但是这并不意味着其他星球上没有生命。rule out表示“排除”。A项“查明”，B项“指出”，D项“实行”。
2.完成句子
(1)我通常七点起床。
________ ________ ________，I get up at seven.
答案：As a rule
(2)如果你犯规，你会受到惩罚。
If you ________ ________ ________，you’ll be punished.
答案：break the rules
(3)他照例每天要吃一个苹果。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ an apple every day.
答案：makes it a rule to eat
2. replace vt. 替换;取代;把……放回原处
(回归课本P23)After the earlier invasion Celtic had been replaced with English.
早期入侵之后，凯尔特语被替换为英语。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P1733)Have they hired anybody to replace Ken?
他们雇到人来接替肯了吗?
②(牛津P1688)All the old carpets need replacing.
所有的旧地毯都需要更换。
③I replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.
我小心翼翼地将杯子放回茶碟。
★3.When you have finished the book，please ________ it on the shelf.
A.replaceB.take place
C.take place of D.in place of
解析：选A。replace“把……放回原处”，符合句意。take place“发生”;in place of“代替，取代”。
4.BBC engineers do not think that their ideas will ever ________ books and newspapers because they can be taken with you everywhere.
A.replace B.take place
C.in place of D.instead of
解析：选A。replace在此处意为“代替，取代”。从句子的结构分析，此处缺少谓语动词，可先排除介词短语C、D两个选项。而take place的意思为“发生”，和语境不相符合。
5.(2010年高考福建卷)More and more high?rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A.in search of B.in place of
C.for lack of D.for fear of
解析：选C。由于缺少空间城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。for lack of因缺乏，符合题意。in search of寻找;in place of代替;for fear of唯恐，以免。
3. raise v. 举起，提高，抚养，筹钱
(回归课本P23)At this point，many English people worked as servants who raised animals and cooked for the Normans.
在此期间，很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜，给诺曼人做饭。
归纳拓展
raise a baby 抚育孩子
raise wheat 种植小麦
raise one’s hand 举起手
raise one’s voice 提高嗓门
raise salaries 提高工资
raise money 筹集资金
raise a question 提出问题
例句探源
①(牛津P1634)She raised her eyes from her work.
她停下工作，抬头看了看。
②(朗文P1681)He’s raising the rent because he’s fixed up the apartment.他要提高租金，因为他把公寓修了一下。
③You can’t raise a child in an environment like that.
在那样的环境中没法培养孩子。
④Each time he raised a question like that，she said，“I don’t know”.每次他问起那个，她总是说：“我不知道”。
⑤Our objective is to raise0 for the school band.
我们的目标是为校乐队筹集200美元。
易混辨析
raise，rise，arise
(1)raise vt.举起，抬起，抬高。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。
(2)rise vi.升起，上升，起立。说明主语自身移向更高的位置。
(3)arise vi.(风、雾等)升起;出现，发生(问题);起床;(由……)产生。rise和arise皆为不及物动词，都有“升起”的意思，但表示有形物体的上升或上涨用rise不用arise。
①We have no plans to raise taxes at present.
②House prices are likely to rise towards the end of this year.
③A mist arose from the lake during the night.
★6.(2009年高考江西卷)—What is the price of petrol these days?
—Oh，it ________ sharply since last month.
A.is raised B.has risen
C.has arisen D.is increased
解析：选B。考查时态和词语的用法。根据题意可知应用现在完成时，主语the price与rise之间是主动关系，故选B。arise表示“出现”，语义不恰当。
7.将下面的句子译成汉语，注意raise的含义：
(1)This weight is too heavy.I can’t raise it.
_______________________________________
答案：这东西太重，我举不起来。(raise举起)
(2)He raised his voice in order to make himself heard.
_________________________________________
答案：他提高嗓音目的是为了让别人听见。(raise提高)
(3)It’s difficult to raise a family on a small income.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：依靠微薄收入是很难养家的。(raise饲养;抚养)
(4)The problem is whether we can raise the money.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：问题是我们能否筹到钱。(raise筹钱)
(5)Does anyone have any points to raise?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：有人想要提出什么问题吗?(raise提出)
(回归课本P28)I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.
我总在想父母到底什么时候会把他们答应我的英文小说给我。
归纳拓展
(1)promise sb.sth. 答应某人某事promise(sb.)to do sth./that-clause 答应(某人)做某事
promise+to be +n./adj. 给人以……的指望;有……的可能
(2)give/make a promise 许下诺言,keep/carry out a /one’s promise 遵守诺言
break a /one’s promise 违背诺言
(3)promising adj. 有前途的;有希望的;有出息的
【温馨提示】
(1)“I promise to go”这种句型的否定式有三种表达方式，但意义不同。
I don’t promise to go.我没有答应要去。
I promise not/never to go.我答应不去。
I don’t promise not to go.我并没有答应不去。
(2)名词promise也可以和to do不定式及that?clause连用。
例句探源
①(朗文P1630)You made a promise，so you have to keep it.
既然你已经许诺了，就要做到。
②(牛津P1587)The college principal promised to look into the matter.学院院长答应研究这个问题。
③You promised me that you’d be home early tonight.
你曾向我保证今晚会早回家的。
④He’s promised her daughter to buy her a new bike.
他已经答应女儿给她买辆新自行车。
⑤He promised his grandchildren the money.
他答应给孙子们钱。
⑥It promised to be an exciting few days.
那可望是兴奋刺激的几天。
8.完成句子
(1)父母允诺我生日时送我一辆新的自行车。
My parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for my birthday.
=My parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for my birthday.
答案：promised me a new bike;promised a new bike to me
(2)你答应过每星期和朋友们打网球的，可你并不是很擅长啊。
You have ________ ________ ________ ________ with your friends every week，but you are not very good at it.
答案：promised to play tennis
(3)她答应一有空就来看我。
She ________ ________ she would come to see me as soon as she was free.
答案：promised that
(4)你若作出承诺去做什么事，你就应该遵守诺言而不食言。
If you ________ a promise to do something，you should ________ it instead of ________ it.
答案：make;keep;breaking
★9.The young man made a ________ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
A.prediction B.promise
C.plan D.contribution
解析：选B。句意：年轻人向他的父母许下诺言，毕业后要努力自谋生计。prediction预言，预测;promise诺言，保证;plan计划，打算;contribution贡献。由句意可知B项正确。
★10.(2010年高考福建卷)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money?making jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns.
A.promised
B.were promised
C.have promised
D.have been promised
解析：选D。句意：每年都有大批农民到深圳打工赚钱，在离开家乡之前他们已被承诺可以获得这些工作机会。本句中含有定语从句，修饰jobs。promise sb.sth.答应某人某事，此处应用被动语态，并且该动作发生在主句中的动作之前，应选D项。
5. set vt. 确定(标准等)，判定(规则等)
n. (一)套，(一)部;装置，设备
(回归课本P29)A standard was first set for the English language when Henry Ⅶ was King of England.
亨利七世当英国国王时，首次为英语设定了一个标准。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P1863)She smiled and set down her cup of coffee.
她笑了笑，把手中的那杯咖啡放下了。
②(牛津P1822)Her remarks set me thinking.
她的话引起了我的深思。
③The novel was set in London in the 1960s.
这部小说以20世纪60年代的伦敦为背景。
④Set the alarm for 7 o’clock.把闹钟设在7点。
⑤They haven’t set a date for their wedding yet.
他们还没有确定婚礼日期。
⑥Could you set the table for dinner?
你把餐具排好，准备开饭好吗?
⑦I rely on you to set a good example.
我指望你来树立一个好榜样。
11.完成句子
(1)于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能用最简易的方法来捕蛇。
I ________ ________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ the habits of snakes so I could trap them in the easiest way.
答案：set out to research/set about researching
(2)那么每天都留出一点时间来写作，哪怕五分钟也行。
So ________ ________ some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes.
答案：set aside
(3)我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……
I don’t want to ________ ________ a series of facts in a diary as most people do...
答案：set down
(4)我认为我们应该7点出发，趁那时道路畅通无阻。
I think we ought to ________ ________/________ ________ at 7∶00，while the roads are empty.
答案：set off/set out
(5)于是，1995年这个组织在北京设立了办事处。
Then，in 1995，the organization ________ ________ an office in Beijing.
答案：set up
(6)他为我们树立了好榜样。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：set us a good example
★12.(2011年北京海淀高三检测题)Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ________ his own work and translated it into German.
A.gave off B.turned down
C.took over D.set aside
解析：选D。句意：爱因斯坦如此喜欢波斯的论文以至于他把自己手头的工作放置一边来把波斯的论文翻译成德语。本题是在语境中考查动词短语意义的辨析。选项A.gave off“发出(气味、光、热、声音等)”，不符合句子内容。选项B.turned down有两个意思：①调低(机器的热度、音量等);②拒绝(提议、请求、邀请)，这两个意思都不符合句子内容。选项C.took over“接管，接手;接住”，从整个句子内容看C项不合适。选项D.set aside“放下、放置”，符合句意，是正确答案。
6. access n.[U] (使用或见到的)机会，权力;通道，入口
vt. 接近;使用;到达;进入
(回归课本P29)Today，the spread of ‘borrowed words’is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world，and the Internet.
现在，外来词的传播主要是通过世界各地都可以方便地收看、收听的电视，收音节目以及网络。
归纳拓展
(1)have access to...能够使用/见到/享有……
the access to a building到达/进入大楼的通道
(2)accessible adj.可见到的，可使用的
be accessible to sb.某人可使用的，可看到的
例句探源
①(牛津P10)The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。
②Students must have access to good resources.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
③(朗文P11)Healthcare should be made accessible to everyone.应该让每个人都能获得医疗保健。
13.(2009年高考浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.
A.access B.passage
C.way D.approach
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：设计这个系统是为了让学生能便捷、容易地使用图书馆的电子资源。这里give...access to...是固定词组，表示“使……能得到，能进入”，所以选A。
14.(2009年高考江西卷)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ________ to the kids.
A.accessible B.relative
C.acceptable D.sensitive
解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：Frank把药放在顶层抽屉中，以确保孩子们够不到。accessible表示“可以得到的，可以接近的”，通常与to搭配。后三项分别表示“相关的”“可接受的”“敏感的”。
7. symbol n. 符号，象征
(回归课本P38)The character ‘prisoner’was formed with the symbol for a man inside a square.
“囚”这个汉字就是将表达“人”的这个符号放在一个方格中所形成的。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P2090)A hammer is often used in art as a symbol of authority.在艺术里，锤子经常被用作权威的象征。
②(牛津P2048)What’s the chemical symbol for copper?
铜的化学符号是什么?
易混辨析
symbol，sign，mark，signal
(1)symbol“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案，用来代表另一事物，作为该事物的象征。
(2)sign“符号，标记”，指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指标牌，卡片等。借喻时指“征兆，迹象”。
(3)mark“标志，标记”，指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物。
(4)signal“信号”，常指约定俗成，用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光，声音或信号标志。
15.用symbol，sign，mark和signal填空：
(1)George was responsible for the accident because he didn’t give a ________ to other drivers.
答案：signal
(2)In the picture the tree is the ________ of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.
答案：symbol
(3)Sir，you are not to walk your pet on the lawn.Don’t you see the ________：“Keep off the grass”?
答案：sign
(4)One ________ of a writer’s greatness is that different minds can get a different inspiration from his works.
答案：mark
(5)A red light is a ________ of danger，which is even known to a five?year?old child.
答案：signal
8. spread vt. 传播，散布，撒;铺开，展开;涂，抹
n. 传播，散布;涉及区域，活动范围
vi. (消息、谣言、知识等)传播，传开;(大火、冲突、疾病等)蔓延、传染(开来);伸展;延伸
(回归课本P29)Today，the spread of borrowed words’ is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world，and the Internet.
今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收听电视、广播节目，还有因特网的普及，使得外来词广为传播。
归纳拓展
spread out 散开;伸展，延伸
spread over 遍布在
spread to 传到，波及
spread oneself out 舒展四肢(躺下)
be spread for 摆好(桌子)准备
spread A on/ over B 在B上涂抹A,=spread B with A 用A涂抹B
例句探源
①(朗文P1989)She spread the pages of the letter on the table.
她把那几页信摊开放在桌子上。
②(牛津P1948)There’s more room to spread out in first class.
头等舱宽敞些，伸得开腿。
③Small clever animals，now with hands and feet，appeared and spread all over the earth.
一些小巧聪明、长着手脚的动物出现了，它们分布在地球的各个地方。
④The desert spreads for hundreds of miles.
沙漠绵延数百英里。
易混辨析
extend，spread，stretch，expand
(1)extend“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。
(2)spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。
(3)stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。
(4)expand“展开、扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。
①Metals expand when they are heated and contract when cooled.
②The road extends to the port.
③Flies，mosquitoes and mice spread diseases.
④She stretched across the table for the butter.
16.英译汉：
(1)Water began to spread across the floor.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：水开始漫过地板。
(2)A smile spread slowly across her face.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：微笑慢慢在她脸上绽开。
(3)We have 10,000 members spread all over the country.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：我们有一万名成员分布在全国各地。
(4)The disease spreads easily.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：这种疾病容易传播。
(5)She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：她张开双臂，孩子向她跑来。
9. pick up 拾起，捡起;认出，挑出
(回归课本P22)This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in English，for example，pick up and lift up.
这是因为在英语里许多对词汇和短语有相似的意义，例如“pick up”和“lift up”。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1492)She went over to the crying child and picked her up.她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。
②(朗文P1535)Luckily，Maggie was able to pick up where she left off at work，even though she’d been in the hospital for two months.
幸运的是尽管玛吉住了两个月院，她仍能拾起放下的工作。
③I’ll drive over and pick you up at the weekend.
我周末开车过去接你。
④You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.
到了海滨，你就会很快地恢复健康。
⑤The train picked up speed.火车加快了速度。
⑥But her writing experience was something she picked up by herself.但她的写作经验是她无意间培养的。
⑦My radio can pick up BBC very clearly.
我的收音机能清楚地收听到BBC。
★17.(2010年高考山东卷)Sam ________ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A.brought up B.looked up
C.picked up D.set up
解析：选C。由语意可知，Sam是在看别人用电脑的时候，无意间获得了一些电脑知识。表示偶然学到的技能或知识，要用pick up。bring up提出，养育;look up查阅;set up树立，建立。
★18.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ________ my friend.
A.turn out B.bring out
C.call out D.pick out
解析：选D。考查短语辨析。turn out后来是，结果是;bring out使表现出，使显出，阐明，生产，出版等;call out要求某人来，召唤出动(尤指处理紧急情况);pick out认出(某人)，精心选择(某物)。
19.(2010年安徽“江南十校”联考)While large numbers of residents in this area ________ the H1N1 flu，very few suffered death.
A.picked up B.took up
C.brought up D.caught up
解析：选A。考查词组辨析。pick up表示“搭乘，接某人，感染”;take up表示“从事，占据”;bring up表示“抚养，养育”;catch up则表示“赶上”。
20.You’d better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can ________ a rental car and travel around.
A.take up B.get up
C.pick up D.turn up
解析：选C。考查动词词组辨析。take up“拿起，占据”;get up“起床”;pick up“捡起，学会，搭载”;turn up“出现，开大，扭亮(灯等)”。句意：你最好乘飞机去西部，然后，租一辆汽车四处观光。只有pick up符合语境。
10. contribute to
(回归课本P22)Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.
很多因素使得英语发展成这种新的类型。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P433)We contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.
我们向地震基金捐赠了5000英磅。
②(朗文P437)Yellow fever contributed to Mudd’s early death at age 19.黄热病导致马德19岁便早早去世。
③He contributed an article to China Daily.
他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。
★21.Some blood types are quite common，others are regionally ________，and still others are rare everywhere.
A.distributed B.contributed
C.obtained D.convinced
解析：选A。句意：一些血型很普遍，另外一些只分布在局部地区，另外还有一些哪儿都很罕见。distribute“分散，分布”;contribute“贡献，投稿”;obtain“得到”;convince“使确信，使信服”。
★22.(2011年江苏启东中学预测题)Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names ________them which turn us ________walking advertisements.
A.attached to;into
B.attaching to;to
C.appealed to;into
D.contributed to;to
解析：选A。attach to 贴在……上;appeal to 吸引;contribute to 捐赠，是……的原因。根据题意可知，应该用attach to，而attach to 和brand names 之间是动宾关系，因此要用过去分词(这里的过去分词短语attached to them 作names 的定语)。因此答案是A。
23.完成句子
(1)良好的天气促成了那次航行的成功。
The fair weather ________ ________the success of the voyage.
答案：contributed to
(2)他的懒惰是他失败的原因之一。
His laziness ________ ________his failure.
答案：contributed to
(3)她捐助巨款给那家孤儿院。
She ________a large sum of money ________the orphanage.
答案：contributed;to
(4)移民在许多方面丰富了英国文化。
Immigrants have ________ ________British culture in many ways.
答案：contributed to
11. depend on 依靠;依赖;确信;相信;指望;受……的影响;取决于
(回归课本P25)There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.
根据人们居住地点的不同，英语有许多不同的方言。
归纳拓展
depend on sb.for sth.依赖、依靠某人获得depend on sb.doing/to do sth.依靠/相信某人做某事
depend on it 常用于句首或句末，意为“请放心，没问题”
It/That (all)depends.看情况而定
depend on it that...指望……，对……不疑,dependable adj.可靠的，可信赖的
dependence n.依靠，依赖，信赖
dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的;视……而定的be dependent on/upon 依靠;随……而定
例句探源
①(朗文P541)Admission to the university depends only on a student’s performance.
这所大学的录取只依据学生的成绩。
②(牛津P535)Can we depend on you coming in on Sunday?
我们能指望你星期天来参加吗?
③He is a man to be depended upon.他这人靠得住。
④He depends on you to help him.他要依靠你的帮助 。
⑤He depended up on a small incom for his livelihood.他依靠微薄的收入维持生活。
24.一句多译
你不能指望他能按时来。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)You can’t depend on him to come on time.
(2)You can’t depend on his coming on time.
(3)You can’t depend on it that he can come on time.
★25.Asia is important to America because America’s prosperity ________trade with Asia’s growing economies.
A.depends on B.takes off
C.sets up D.breaks out
解析：选A。depend on 依靠，依赖;take off 脱下，取消，(飞机)起飞，(事业)腾飞;set up 建立，架起，创(纪录)，提出;break out (战争/火灾等)突然爆发。
★26.(2011年安徽蚌埠高三模拟)—How long are you staying?
—I don’t know.________.
A.That’s OK B.Never mind
C.It depends D.It doesn’t matter
解析：选C。句意：“你要呆多久?”“我不知道，视情况而定吧!”It depends.视情况而定。
12. look up (在词典或参考书中)查找
(回归课本P28)Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time.每个新单词都去查当然会浪费时间。
归纳拓展
(2)look after 照顾;照料;管理
look back on 回顾;回忆
look down on/upon 俯视;轻视某人
look forward to 盼望
look into 向里看;调查
look into one’s eyes 直视某人
look up to 向上看;尊敬
look through 浏览
look on as 把……看做;认为
look out 当心
例句探源
