中学生英语学习常见错误一览表1?。
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中学生英语学习常见错误一览表?A?
a?
［误］IthinkitisanusefulEnglishdictionary.?
［正］IthinkitisausefulEnglishdictionary.?
［析］在不定冠词a与an的用法中要注意的一点是：an用在以元音开头的词之前；而a则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以u字母打头的单词，如useful,university等，其第一个音标是［j］，所以要特别予以注意。?
［误］Ineedahourtofinishthisletter.?
［正］Ineedanhourtofinishthisletter.?
［析］要注意hour和honest的第一个字母不发音。?
［误］Myteacherisaunknownman,butheisaverygoodman.?
［正］Myteacherisanunknownman,butheisaverygoodman.?
［析］要注意以u打头的单词，它的发音为［?］时，单数名词前要用an，如uncle等。
［误］Thereisa"f"intheword"football".?
［正］Thereisan"f"intheword"football".?
［析］英文字母单独使用时，如其第一个发音是元音时，其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a.?
［误］Ihavealittlebrother.Heisa8?year?oldboy.?
［正］Ihavealittlebrother.Heisan8?year?oldboy.?
［析］要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音，如eight,eleven等。
?
able?
［误］Thisbikeisabletoberepaired.?
［正］Thisbikecanberepaired.?
［析］beableto主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事，应译为"有本领"、"有能力"、"可以"作某事，如：Imabletoswimacrossthisriver.而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如：Thisradiocanberepairedhere.?
about?
［误］Thisclassisabouttobeginjustnow.?
［正］Thisclassisabouttobegin.?
［析］要注意beaboutto是"将要"的意思，含有将来时之意，不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外，beaboutto一般用作书面语，对应的口语是begoingto.
?
abouton?
about与on都可以作"关于"讲，但却有所不同，例如：Thisbookisaboutphysics.应译为"这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。"而：Thisbookisonphysics.则应译为"这是一本物理学方面的专著。"?
above?
［误］Thetemperatureisfivedegreesoverzero.?
［正］Thetemperatureisfivedegreesabovezero.?
［析］表达"在……上方"时，above与over是可以互换的，如：Theskyisabove(orover)ourheads.但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用above不可用over，如：Thesunhasrisenabovethehorizon.?
［误］ThereisoftenthickcloudabovetheSouthofChinainsummer.?
［正］ThereisoftenthickcloudovertheSouthofChinainsummer.?
［析］当表达覆盖之意时，只可用over而不能用above.?
［误］Thereisabridgeabovetheriver.?
［正］Thereisabridgeovertheriver.?
［析］用来表达"从……上方越过"时不能用above只能用over，如：Theplaneflewoverthecity.但要注意Thereiswaterfallabovethebridge.则应译为"在桥的上游有一个瀑布。"?
across?
［误］Heranacrossthewood.?
［正］Heranthroughthewood.?
［析］across是指某一动作在一平面内进行，而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如：Themancameinthroughthewindow.Hewalkedacrossthesquare.
across?
across的主要用法有两个。其一，意为"对面"，如：Thereisaschooljustacrossthestreet.其二，意为"横过"，如：Hewalkedacrossthestreet.?
afraid?
［误］Idonttafraidofhim.?
［正］Iamnotafraidofhim.?
［析］要注意"害怕"afraid一词在英语中不是动词，而是形容词，要与be动词连用。?
after?
［误］Twoweeksafterheleft.?
［正］Twoweekslaterheleft.?
［正］Heleftaftertwoweeks.?
［析］要表达"在多少时间之后"，英语中有两种表达法，即：用later时，要时间在前，如threehourslater;而用after时要时间在后，如afterthreehours.?
［误］Myfatherwillbebackafterafewhours.?
［正］Myfatherwillbebackinafewhours.?
［析］受中文的影响，这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时，一定要用in，而不能用after，因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如：Thisworkwillbedoneintwodays.即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after，即表示在两天之后，完成的时间是不确定的。?
afterbehind?
after多用于表示顺序的前后，如：ShewalkedinthelineafterTom.或用来表示"追赶"，表示一种动态，如：HeranafterMary.而behind多用于强调先进与落后，如：Sheismuchbehindtheothergirlsinsewing.或者用于表达"迟于"，如：Thetrainwastenminutesbehindthetimetable.或者与表示静态的动词连用，如：Shehidherselfbehindtheflowers.?
afternoon?
［误］Heworkedveryhardinahotafternoon.?
［正］Heworkedveryhardonahotafternoon.?
［析］习惯用的词组intheafternoon,如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on，不论其修饰词在前还是在后，如：HeswaminthisriverontheafternoonofJunelst.又如：AreyoufreeonSundayafternoon??
against?
［误］Heagainstme.?
［正］Heisagainstme.?
［析］要注意against意为"反对"，但它在英文中却不是动词，而是介词，如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be,如：Heisagainstsomebody/something.?
againstfor?
against意为"反对"、"不赞成"；而for则意为"同意"，为其反意词。如：Areyouforor??against?theplan??
age?
［误］Heistwentyyearsoldofage.?
［正］Heistwenty.?
［正］Heistwentyyearsold.?
［正］Heisattheageoftwenty.?
ago?
［误］Tomsfatherhasbeendeadfiveyearsago.?
［正］Tomsfatherdiedfiveyearsago.?
［析］ago意为由说话时算起，若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用，而不要与完成时连用。?
［误］YesterdayImetafriend.Wedidntseeeachotherforalongtimesinceweleftthecollegetwentyyearsago.?
［正］YesterdayImetafriend.Wehadntseeneachotherforalongtimesinceweleftthecollegetwentyyearsago.?
［析］要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中，只是从句应用过去时，但不影响主句的时态。?
agree?
［误］Doestheteacheragreetous??
［正］Doestheteacheragreewithus??
［误］Doesheagreewithourplan??
［正］Doesheagreewithus??
［析］agreewith指"同意某人的提议、建议、计划"等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agreeto,如：Doyouagreetotheplan??
all?
［误］Theoldmanhastwosons.Allofthemareworkers.?
［正］Theoldmanhastwosons.Bothofthemareworkers.?
［析］all是指三者或以上的全部，而both则是指"两者都"。?
［误］Theallchildrenareplayingfootballnow.?
［正］Allthechildrenareplayingfootballnow.?
［析］all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前，不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词，或代词的所有格。?
［误］Youallareright.?
［正］Youareallright.?
［析］all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后，实意动词之前，如：Theteachersallworkhard.或用于第一助动词之后，如：Theboyshaveallbeenwaitingfortheirmothers.?
almost?
［误］Nearlynobodythinksheisright.?
［正］Almostnobodythinksheisright.?
［析］nearly与almost是近意词，其含意差别不大，但是与否定词连用时要用almost,例如：Shebroughtalmostnomoneywithher.此句中的almost不能用nearly替换。?
alone?
［误］Theoldmanlivedlonebuthedidntfeellonely.?
［正］Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.?
［析］alone,lone,lonely三个词全具有"孤单、孤独"之意。但其用法不同：lone可以作定语，而alone则只能作表语，lonely则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独。?
already?
［误］Wearealreadyforthework.?
［正］Weareallreadyforthework.?
［析］already是副词，其意为"已经"，如：Healreadyknewaboutit.而allready为形容词意为"准备好"。?
alreadyyet?
already多用于肯定句中，例如：Thestudentshavealreadyfinishedthework.而yet则多用于疑问句与否定句中，如：Haveyoufinishedityet?Ihaventfinishedityet.?
also?
［误］Ididntfindthedictionaryalso.?
［正］Ididntfindthedictionaryeither.?
［析］作为"也"讲，在否定句中要用either而不能用also.?
alsotoo?
also与too都可用在肯定句中表示"也"，但also通常用于be动词或情态动词之后，如：Icanalsodoitmyself.而too一般放于句尾。Illattendhisclass,too.?
always?
［误］Alwaysheaskedhimselfwhyhehadcomehere.?
［正］Healwaysaskedhimselfwhyhehadcomehere.?
［析］always一般不能用于句首，它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后，如：Ivealwaysthoughtheishonest.又如：Heisalwayslate.?
among?
［误］Ifthethreeapplesaredividedamongthetwoboyshowmuchwilleachreceive?
［正］Ifthethreeapplesaredividedamongthethreeboyshowmuchwilleachreceive?
［析］among常用于三个事物或人物之间，而between则多用于两者之间。?
an?
［误］Thisisanusefuldictionary.?
［正］Thisisausefuldictionary.?
［析］详见a条。?
and?
［误］Hedidnotspeakloudlyandclearly.?
［正］Hedidnotspeakloudlynorclearly.?
［误］OurschoolisnotinNewYorkandChicago,butinBoston.?
［正］OurschoolisnotinNewYorkorChicago,butinBoston.?
［析］"和"这一概念在肯定句中应用and，但在否定句中则要用or
angry?
［误］Mymotherwasangrytome.?
［正］Mymotherwasangrywithme.?
［误］HewasangrywithwhatIsaid.?
［正］HewasangryatwhatIsaid.?
［析］要注意beangry后面如果接人，表示"对某人生气不满"时应用beangrywithsomebody.但要接事物时要用beangryatsomething.?
another?
［误］Ihavetwosisters,oneinAmericaandanotherinEnglish.?
［正］Ihavetwosisters,oneinAmericaandtheotherinEnglish.?
［析］要注意英语中another,other,theother,theothers,others的不同用法，现分别说明如下：another作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个，别的，类似的。一般在句中作定语，如:Thisisnotgoodenough,pleaseshowmeanotherone.another还可以作为代词用，如：Onestudentsaid："Iwanttoplaybaskball."anothersaid："Iwanttoplayfootball."?other作形容词其意为"泛指其余的，别的"。如：Ihaveotherbooksbesidesthese.又如：Asksomeotherpeopleplease.theother则为特指，作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词，如：Shehastwoflowers.Oneiswhite,theotheroneisyellow.(特指，单数)又如：Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,twentyfiveareboys,theotherstudentsaregirls.(特指，复数)但当theother作为代词时，它代表的可以是单数，也可以是复数，如：Hehasabookinonehand,andapenintheother.(单数)又如：Therearesomepeopleintheroom.Fouraregirls,theother(复数)areboys.要注意的是当theother作主语时，其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定，它可能是单数，也可能是复数。others则只能作代词，其意为otherones即为：泛指某些，某一部分人或物，如：Eachofusmustthinkofothers.而theothers只能作为代词，它是特指某一些人或物，如：Iknowonlyoneortwoofthestudents;theothersareunknowntome.
?
answer?
［误］Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Pleasereplythedoorbell.?
［正］Someoneisknockingatthedoor,Pleaseanswerthedoorbell.?
［析］answer与reply是近意词，作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的，如：Thestudentanswered/repliedthathewantedtowatchTV.但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用answer，如：Youshouldanswertoyourname.Pleaseanswermyletterassoonaspossible.AnswermyquestioninEnglish.?
any?
［误］Doyouhavesomequestions??
［正］Doyouhaveanyquestions??
［析］some一般要用于肯定句，而any则用于否定句或疑问句。?
［误］ChinaislargerthananyothercountriesinAsia.?
［正］ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.?
［析］要注意anyother其后要跟单数名词，但anyoftheother其后要接复数名词。?China?islargerthananyoftheothercountriesinAsia.?
［误］Herearesomebooks;youcanchooseanyoneofthese.?
［正］Herearesomebooks;youcanchooseanyoneofthese.?
［析］anyone只能指人，而anyone即可指人也可以指物。?
around?
［误］Thenineplanetsgoaroundofthesun.?
［正］Thenineplanetsgoaroundthesun.?
［析］around后面不要再加介词，如：Thesunshinesallaroundus.?
aroundround?
作介词用的around与round通常可以互换，只不过美语常用around，而英语常用round，例如：Youcanseethepostofficeround/aroundthatcorner.(绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处：round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词；而around只能用作副词或介词。例如：Thepostofficeisjustround(around)thehouse(用作介词).Hehasroundface(用作形容词).Theriverroundedthestones.(用作动词)?
arrive?
［误］IarrivedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.?
［正］IarrivedinBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.?
［正］IreachedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.?
［误］Hearrivedintheschoolat11∶00.?
［正］Hearrivedattheschoolat11∶00.?
［析］arrive为不及物动词，当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in，而到达较小的地方时则用at,如：arriveinNewYork,arriveatthevillage.?
arrivereachget?
arrive如上所述是不及物动词，而reach则是及物动词。如：Howdidyoureachtheschoolthismorning?而get可用作不及物动词，作"到达"讲时其后面多与to连用。如：WhendidyougettoNewYork??
as?
［误］Thismanworksinthebankforamanager.?
［正］Thismanworksinthebankasamanager.?
［析］as与for有时是可以通用的。如：Thisroomisusedas(for)aclassroom.但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as.?
［误］MybrotherissotallerasTom.?
［正］MybrotherisastallasTom.?
［析］as…as之间只能用形容词与副词的原级，而不能用比较级。在否定句中可以用so…as，也可以用as…as，但在肯定句中只能用as…as，如：HeisnotsotallasTom.
［误］Illgivehimthenoteassoonashewillcome.?
［正］Illgivehimthenoteassoonashecomes.?
［析］assoonas所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来。?
ask?
［误］Thestudentaskedaquestiontotheteacher.?
［正］Thestudentaskedtheteacheraquestion.?
［析］ask应接双宾语，即asksomebodysomething.?
［误］Theyaskedsomebooks.?
［正］Theyaskedforsomebooks.?
［析］向某人要求某物时应用asksomebodyforsomething或askforsomethingfromsomebody,如：Heaskedhismotherforsomemoney.或Heaskedforsomemoneyfromhismother.?
asleep?
［误］Heisdeeplyasleep.?
［正］Heisfastasleep.?
［析］要讲"熟睡"，就要用fast来修饰asleep。另外，在英语中一般不讲somebodyissleeping而要用asleep。关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有：gotosleep(如：Theoldmanusuallygoestosleepatten.)，fallasleep(如：IfellasleepatEnglishclassyesterday.)?
at?
［误］Itwillreallydoyounoharmquite.?
［正］Itwillreallydoyounoharmatall.?
［析］atall和quite的汉语意思均为"全然"、"确定的"，但atall适用于否定句，例如：?-Imsorry.Imlate.?
-Notroubleatall.?
又如：Idontthinkitisrightatall.而quite则适用于肯定句，例如：Heisquiteagoodteacher.?
［误］Thechildrenplayfootballforlunch.?
［正］Thechildrenplayfootballatlunch.?
［析］英语中的atlunch为"在吃午饭时"。这种惯用法还有atwork(在工作)，attable(在吃饭)，atdesk(在学习)。而forlunch则是为午饭而准备的食物，又如：Wehadsomemilkforbreakfast.?
［误］Thereisapostofficeinthecornerofthestreet.?
［正］Thereisapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet.?
［析］atthecorner是指墙外面的角，而inthecorner是指建筑物内部的角落。例如：Thereisacomputerinthecorneroftheroom.Thereisastreetlampatthecornerofthestreet.?
atinon?
在表示时间时用来表示具体钟点用at，如：Hewillbebackatsix.表示一天的上、下午时要用in,如：Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.但要注意的是，inthemorning和intheafternoon这两个词组中如果加入了任何修饰词，其介词要换为on，如：onthecoldmorning,onthehotafternoon.又如：SeeyouonMondaymorning.如讲到具体的某一天，要用on,如：onSunday,如：IusuallywanttovisitmymotheronSundays.在谈到周、月、季、年时要用in，如：AllthechildrenwillbehappyinEasterweek.HewasborninJuly.但要注意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节时都用at,如：WhereareyougoingatEaster.?
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中学生英语学习常见错误一览表?3
E
?
each?
［误］Everyofthemhashishabit.?
［正］Eachofthemhashishabit.?
［析］each可以作形容词，但也可作代词，而every只能作形容词。?
［误］ThemanagercomestoAmericaalmosteachmonth.?
［正］ThemanagercomestoAmericaalmosteverymonth.?
［析］each与every都作形容词讲时，都有"每个"之意，但有不同。each多指个体，而every则多指整体。如：Wewanteverystudenttosucceed.each不同来表达总体概念，所以不能与almost,nearly，likely等词连用。?
［误］Weeachhasabook.?
［正］Weeachhaveabook.?
［析］each作同位语时，其数应与其同位的名词相同，而each作主语时则应取其单数形式。?
eachotheroneanother?
eachother与oneanother这两个词组的区别在很多语法书中强调eachother是两者之间，而oneanother是多者之间，其实不然，如：Allstudentsmustcareforeachother,mustloveandhelpeachother.事实上这两个词组是同义的，如果要讲有什么区别的话，当我们非常笼统地谈，而不特指什么人时，多用oneanother.?
early?
［误］Couldyoucomeheremoreearly??
［正］Couldyoucomehereearlier??
［析］单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用?er和?est来作其结尾，如fast,soon,early,hard,long,near等。?
earth?
［误］Whatontheearthdoyoumean??
［正］Whatonearthdoyoumean??
［析］onearth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气，其意为"究竟"、"到底"。而作为"地球"讲时则要加定冠词，如：Howfaristheearthfromthemoon.而作为"泥土"讲时则为不可数名词，如：Hefilledthepotwithearthandwantedtoplantsomeflowers.?
easy?
［误］Youcaneasyimaginemysurprise.?
［正］Youcaneasilyimaginemysurprise.?
［析］easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词，如takeiteasy(不要紧张)，goeasy,standeasy等。例如：Easycome,easygo.(钱来的容易花的也快.)Easiersaidthandone.(说的容易做着难。)?
east?
［误］JapanisontheeastofChina.?
［正］JapanistotheeastofChina.?
［析］在讲述地理位置时，有3个介词常用，它们是in,on和to,其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内，如：ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.on则表示双方接壤，如：NorthKoreaisonthenortheastofChina.而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to,如：TaiwanistotheeastofFujian.?
either?
［误］-Idontlikeopera.
?-Idontliketoo.?
［正］-Idontlikeopera.
?-Idontlikeeither.?
［析］在否定句中用either表示"也"，而在肯定句中用too表示"也"。?
［误］EitheryouorIareright.?
［正］EitheryouorIamright.?
［析］这在语法书中被称作就近原则，即哪个主语离谓语动词近，则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词，相同用法的还有neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…，以及or在连接两个主语时。如：Youorheistogohome.Theotherswillhavetostayintheclassroom.?
elder?
［误］MyolderbrotherhasgonetoShanghai.?
［正］MyelderbrotherhasgonetoShanghai.?
［析］在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示"哥哥姐姐"，如：myeldersister姐姐，但表示岁数时则多用older，如：SheistwoyearsolderthanI.?
empty?
［误］Aretheseseatsempty??
［正］Aretheseseatstaken??
［析］empty是指空洞的没有任何物体，如：Thehousewasempty,其意思是没有任何家具或屋内无人。但座位是否有人坐应用take.?
English?
［误］MysisterstudiedEnglishlanguageverywell.?
［正］MysisterstudiedtheEnglishlanguageverywell.?
［正］MysisterstudiedEnglishverywell.?
［析］在泛指某一种学科时，不应加冠词，如：Ilikehistory.但如特指某一门学科时则应加冠词，如：HelikesthehistoryofAmerica.?
enjoy?
［误］Ienjoytoplayfootball.?
［正］Ienjoyplayingfootball.?
［析］enjoy后要接动名词，而不接不定式。?
［误］DidyouenjoyattheEnglishevening??
［正］DidyouenjoyyourselfattheEnglishevening??
enough?
［误］Imsorry.Youarenotstudyingenoughcarefully.?
［正］Imsorry.Youarenotstudyingcarefullyenough.?
［析］enough要用在形容词或副词之后。?
［误］Doyouhaveenoughofmoney??
［正］Doyouhaveenoughmoney??
［正］Doyouhaveenoughofthemoney??
［误］Thecoffeeisntenough.?
［正］Thereisntenoughcoffee.?
［析］enough可以作be动词的表语，但其主语应是代词，如：Thatsenough.Itwas?enough.?如果是名词时应换用上面的句型。?
entrance?
［误］Theentranceofthecinemaisonyourright.?
［正］Theentrancetothecinemaisonyourright.?
［析］在表示通往某处时entrance后面多用to作介词。这样的用法还有keytothedoor,answertothequestion等。?
evening?
［误］Iwalkedhomeinacoldevening.?
［正］Iwalkedhomeonacoldevening.?
［析］intheevening这一词组如加上另外的修饰词则其介词应换为on.?
everyone?
［误］Everyoneofyougoestoclass.?
［正］Everyoneofyougoestoclass.?
［析］everyone其后不能接of结构。在否定句中如果要讲"每一个人都没有注意到它"，就译作：Nobodynoticedit.要注意Everyoneofusisnotright.应译为"我们不都对。"而Noneofusareright.才应译为"我们全错了。"?
exam?
［误］Wetakepartinanexam.?
［正］Wetakeanexam.?
［析］takepartin为"参加"某种活动，运动，而在学科中选择某一学科学习并进行考试应用take.?
except?
［误］Theroomiscleanexcepttwodesks.?
［正］Theroomiscleanexceptfortwodesks.?
［误］IcomehereeverydayexceptforSunday.?
［正］IcomehereeverydayexceptSunday.?
［析］在同一类物体中排除某一部分用except,在不同类物体中排除某一物体时用exceptfor。而exceptthat其后接从句，如：Sheisagoodgirlexceptthatsheiscarelesssometimes.?而besides则是"包括在内"，如"我学习英语同时还学法语。"应译为：IstudyEnglishbesidesFrench.?
exercise?
［误］ThestudentsexercisespokenEnglishinthemorning.?
［正］ThestudentspractisespokenEnglishinthemorning.?
［析］exercise多指运动、训练，而practise则多指把理论付诸于实践的练习。?
［误］Everyoneshoulddoexerciseseveryday.?
［正］Everyoneshoulddoexerciseeveryday.?
［析］作为运动讲exercise是不可数名词，而当"练习"、"体操"、"早操"则是可数名词，例如：IdoalotexercisesintheP.E.class.?
F?
fail?
［误］Tomfailedhisexam.?
［正］Tomfailedinhisexam.?
［正］Tomfailedtopasstheexam.?
［析］fail为不及物动词，其后可用in加名词，或直接接不定式。?
family?
［误］ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamiliesarewaitingforme.?
［误］ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamilyiswaitingforme.?
［正］ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamilyarewaitingforme.?
［析］family是集合名词，把它当作整体看它是单数，如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数。如：Yourfamilyareverykindtome.Myfamilyisverylarge.?
far?
［误］Myschoolistenmilesfarfromhere.?
［正］Myschoolistenmilesawayfromhere.?
［析］far一般不与实际距离连用。?
［误］"Didyouwalkfar?"
?"Yes，Iwalkedfar."?
［正］"Didyouwalkfar?"
?"Yes,Iwalkedalongway."?
［析］一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语，而用alongway.far组成的常用词组有：asfaras.①远至，一直到。如：Hewalkedasfarasthestation.②就……而言。如：Asfarashewasconcernedthesebookswereverygood.③只要。如：IcanhelpyouasfarasIcan.?sofor到目前为止。例：Heisverywellsofar.?
fartherfurther?
far有两个比较级，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距离的远近，如：MilanisfartherawaythanRome.而further则是指"进一步的"，如：Willweneedanyfurtherdiscussiononthismatter.?
fast?
［误］Afasttrainrunsfastly.?
［正］Afasttrainrunsfast.?
［析］fast其形容词与副词形式相同。?
fastsoon?
fast指行动本身的速度快，如：Theforeignerspeakstoofast.而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短，时间到来的迅速，如：Shewillcomesoon.?
feel?
［误］Ifeelbadlyaboutmymistakes.?
［正］Ifeelbadaboutmymistakes.?
［析］感观动词如feel,smell等后面要接形容词而不是副词。feelgood是指某人精神好，而feelwell是指人身体状况良好。?
［误］Itrynottohurtherfeeling.?
［正］Itrynottohurtherfeelings.?
［析］feeling在作"感情"讲时要用复数，而作"感觉"讲则要用单数。如：Ihaveafeelingthatwewillwinthegame.?
few?
［误］Fewofthemisverygood.?
［正］Fewofthemareverygood.?
［析］few意为"几乎没有"，但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用afew,如：Therewereonlyafewpeopleinthestreet.?
［误］Therearelessfarmsthanthereusedtobe.?
［正］Therearefewerfarmsthanthereusedtobe.?
［析］few的比较级为fewer，其后接可数名词；而little的比较级为less，其后接不可数名词。?
field?
［误］Heisafamousscientistonthefieldofphysics.?
［正］Heisafamousscientistinthefieldofphysics.?
［析］inthefield是"在田野上"或是"在某一学科领域内"，而onthefield则多指"在战场上"。如：Helosthislifeonthebattlefield.?
fill?
［误］Shefilledorangeintomyglass.?
［正］Shefilledmyglasswithorange.?
［析］表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fillwith词组，如：Theboyranbackhomefilledwithjoy.?
fillfull?
fill是动词，但有及物与不及物两种用法，当表示"充满"之意时是不及物动词，应用fillwith，如：Thelittlegirlseyesfilledwithtears.而当表示"使……装满某物"时，是及物动词，如：Hefilledhispocketwithbooks.而befilledwith应看作系表结构，如：Theboysmotherwasfilledwithanger.full是形容词，要用befullof这一词组，如：Theboywasfullofjoy.?
find?
［误］Hehasfindedhislostbike.?
［正］Hehasfoundhislostbike.?
［析］find是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为"建立"，它是规则动词，其过去式及过去分词均为founded.?
［误］Itisverydifficulttolookforasuitablejob.?
［正］Itisverydifficulttofindasuitablejob.?
［析］lookfor为"寻找"，而find是找到。寻找工作并不难，难的应是找到合适的工作。?
findfindout?
findout意为"找出、算出、发现"，如：Ihavefoundouthowtodoit.而find的主要侧重点在找到某物，如：Ifindmybookunderthedesk.?
finish?
［误］Ifinishedtoreadthatbooklastnight.?
［正］Ifinishedreadingthatbooklastnight.?
［析］英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语，这样的动词在中考范围内有两个，即finish和enjoy。?
fire?
［误］Theresnosmokewithoutafire.?
［正］Theresnosmokewithoutfire.?
［析］此句应译为中文"无风不起浪"。fire作为物质名词"火"讲时为不可数名词，而作为"炉火"、"火灾"讲则是可数名词，如：Therewasafireinthenextstreetlastmonth.如要讲"着火了"要用beonfire,如：Thefactorywas
onfire.?
［误］Themanfiredtous.?
［正］Themanfiredatus.?
［析］fire(on)at均指"向某目标开火"，at用于较小目标，而on用于较大目标。?
first?
［误］IsthisyourfirstlyvisittoBeijing??
［正］IsthisyourfirstvisittoBeijing??
［析］除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外，这个词已不多见，而均被first取代。first还有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
?
follow?
［误］Ireceivedaletterwhichranasfollow.?
［正］Ireceivedaletterwhichranasfollows.?
［析］asfollows是惯用法，其意为"如下"，不论在任何场合均要用follows.?
［误］Asfollowsarehisarguments.?
［正］Thefollowingarehisarguments.?
［析］asfollows主要用于句尾，而thefollowing则用于句首。?
food?
［误］Toomuchsweetfood,suchascakes,chocolates,pastry…mayincreaseyourweight.?
［正］Toomanyfoods,suchascakes,chocolates,pastry…mayincreaseyourweight.
［析］food泛指食物时为不可数名词，如：Thereisnofoodforsupper.而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。?
foot?
［误］Thereisafive?feet?widebridge.?
［正］Thereisafive?foot?widebridge.?
［析］用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。?
［误］Wewenttocollegeonfeet.?
［正］Wewenttocollegeonfoot.?
［析］by后面加接交通工具时，不应加任何冠词，不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后，其前面的介词要作适当的改变，如：Icametoschoolinhiscaryesterday.Igotoshoolonatrain.?
for?
［误］Iwantedtogotothepubforhavingadrink.?
［正］Iwantedtogotothepubforadrink.?
［正］Iwantedtogotothepubtohaveadrink.?
［析］用for表示目的时，其后面只能接名词，而不要接动名词。?
［误］Iwenttotheofficeforseeingtheheadmaster.?
［正］Iwenttotheofficetoseetheheadmaster.?
［析］用不定式来表示动作的目的。?
［误］IwillleaveBeijingtoShanghai.?
［正］IwillleaveBeijingforShanghai.?
［正］IwillleaveforShanghai.?
［析］leavefor为一固定搭配，不要改动。?
［误］Iboughtabooktoyou.?
［正］Iboughtabookforyou.?
［误］Heisafriendforus.?
［正］Heisafriendtous.?
［析］在英文中"为"一词在泛指时用to,在特指时要用for.?
［误］Thisfoodisgoodtous.?
［正］Thisfoodisgoodforus.?
［析］词组begood(bad)for表示"对……有好(坏)处"。?
［误］ForIwasfeelingquitehungry,Iwantedtohavelunch.?
［正］Iwantedtohavelunch,forIwasfeelingquitehungry.?
［析］for作为"因为"讲时一般不要置于句首，而且口气也比because弱的多。?
forget?
［误］Ileftmykey.?
［正］Ileftmykeyathome.?
［正］Iforgotmykey.?
［析］leave是"丢下"之意，所以一定要接地点状语，而forget是"忘记"，所以不用接地点状语。?
［误］Iwillnotforgettherules.?
［正］Iwillneverforgettherules.?
［误］Pleasedontforgetpostingmyletteronyourwayhome.?
［正］Pleasedontforgettopostmyletteronyourwayhome.?
［析］要注意forgettodosomething为"忘了去作某事"，而forgetdoingsomething则应译为"对已经作过的事记不起来了"。如：Heforgetreturningthebooktothelibrary.应译为"他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了。"同样用法的词还有remember和regret.?
free?
［误］Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofmyparents.?
［正］Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofmyparents.?
［析］free作为副词时意为"免费"、"不必付款"，如：Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurant.而freely则意为"自由地"、"无限制地"。?
French?
［误］ShecomesfromFrench.?
［正］ShecomesfromFrance.?
［析］French是"法语"、"法国的"，而France才是"法国"。
?
friend?
［误］Henoddedtomefriendly.?
［正］Henoddedtomeinafriendlyfashion.?
［析］friendly是形容词，不是副词。在英语中应避免讲Heisafriendofmymother.又比如：Igotoschoolwithmyfriend.从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法。而应讲Heisafriendofmymothers.Igotoschoolwithafriend.befriendswith则是"交朋友"之意，例如：Ihopeyouwillbefriendswithme.而不应讲Ihopeyouwillbemyfriend.交朋友还有一惯用法是makefriends.?
from?
［误］Wheredoyoucomefrom??Icomefromthelibrary.?
［正］Wheredoyoucomefrom??IcomefromEngland.?
［正］Wheredidyoucomefrom??Icamefromthelibrary.?
［析］Wheredoyoucomefrom?应意为"你是从什么国家(地方)来的?"(即意为"你是哪的人?")而Wheredidyoucomefrom?才是"你刚刚从哪来?"?
front?
［误］Therearethreetalltreesinthefrontofmyhouse.?
［正］Therearethreetalltreesinfrontofmyhouse.?
［析］infrontof是某物体外部的前面，而inthefrontof是在某物体内部的前面。如：Thebusdriverisseatedinthefrontofthebus.?
G?
game?
［误］HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGame.?
［正］HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGames.?
［析］game作为"运动会"讲时应用其复数形式，而具体一个游戏则可用其单数形式。如：Ourschoolteamwonthegame.?
German?
［误］TheyareGermen.?
［正］TheyareGermans.?
［误］ShecomesfromGerman.?
［正］ShecomesfromGermany.?
［析］German是"德国人"、"德国的"、"德语"，其复数形式是Germans；而Germany才是德国。?
gather?
［误］Allthestudentsandteachersaregatheredtogethernow.?
［正］Allthestudentsandteachersaregatherednow.?
［析］用了动词gather就不要再用together了。这句话还可以这样讲：Allthestudentsandteachersgottogether.?
give?
［误］Shegivesuptolookforthelostbike.?
［正］Shegivesuplookingforthelostbike.?
［析］giveup意为"放弃"，其后只接动名词作介词宾语，而不应接不定式。
?
glad?
［误］Hisparentswereverygladforhissuccessinbusiness.?
［正］Hisparentswereverygladofhissuccessinbusiness.?
［正］Hisparentswereverygladtoknowhissuccessinbusiness.?
［析］"为……感到高兴"应是begladofsomething或begladtodosomething.?
glass?
［误］Theoldteacherhastwopairofbigglass.?
［正］Theoldteacherhastwopairsofbigglasses.?
［析］glass作为"眼镜"讲，应用复数形式，在英语中手套gloves裤子pants，剪刀scissors均用复数形式。glass作"玻璃杯"讲时则可用单数形式或复数形式，如：Iwanttwoglassesofmilk.而作为物质名词"玻璃"讲则要用作不可数名词，如：Theboybroketwopanesofglass.?
go?
［误］-Mary,couldyoucometomyhomenow??-Yes,Imgoing.?
［正］-Mary,couldyoucometomyhomenow??
-Yes,Imcoming.?
［析］go是指离开说话人所在地，而come指的是朝向说话人的方向：如：Comehere!CanIcomeandhelpyou?但在口语中也有一些例外，如表示要参加到某人或者某件活动时常用come,如：Wearegoingtohaveapartytonight.Wouldyouliketocomewithus??
gonebeen?
HehasgonetoShanghai.指此人已去上海不在此地了。?
HehasbeentoShanghai.指此人去过上海现已回来了。?
gold?
［误］Shebrushedhergoldhaircarefully.?
［正］Shebrushedhergoldenhaircarefully.?
［析］gold作形容词指"金质的"，如：agoldring，agoldcoin，而golden是"金色的"，如：goldenage(金色的时代)，但"金鱼"例外，为goldfish。
?
good?
［误］Ivebeenwaitingforgoodtwentyminutes.?
［正］Ivebeenwaitingforagoodtwentyminutes.?
［析］agood之意为"足足"、"整整"之意。?
goodwell?
Heisgood.应译为"他是个好人。"而Heiswell.应译为"他身体不错。"Ifeelgood.即精神状态良好，而Ifeelwell.即身体状况不错。?
［误］Thisfoodisverygoodtoyou.?
［正］Thisfoodisverygoodforyou.?
［析］begoodfor是"对……有利、有好处"，而begoodto是指"对待某人不错"，如：Yourfriendisverygoodtome.?
grade?
［误］-Whatgradeareyouin??-Imingrade1.?
［正］-Whatgradeareyouin??-IminGread1.?
［析］当泛指那一年级时grade的头一个字母小写，当有具体数字时则要大写。?
H?
hadbetter?
［误］Youhavebetterhurry.?
［正］Youhadbetterhurry.?
［析］hadbetter只用过去时had，不要误用成现在时have。?
［误］Youhadntbetterworry.?
［正］Youhadbetternotworry.?
［析］hadbetter后面加不带to的不定式，其否定式是"hadbetternot+动词原形"。?
half?
［误］Ihaddrivenabouthalfmile.?
［正］Ihaddrivenabouthalfamile.?
［析］"半小时"有两种讲法halfanhour,ahalfhour.而"一个半小时"应讲anhourandahalf或oneandahalfhours."半天"应讲halfaday，"半镑"应讲halfapound.但要尽量避免使用halfayear，而应用sixmonths；不用halfamonth,而用twoweeks或fifteendays.?
［误］Halfuscouldgotothepark.?
［正］Halfofuscouldgotothepark.?
［析］half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构，但用于代词前则必须加of。如：Morethanhalf(of)myclassmatesareboys.?
［误］Oneandhalfapplesareleftonthetable.?
［正］Oneandhalfapplesisleftonthetable.?
［析］一个半oneandhalf后面的名词要用复数，而句中的谓语动词却要用单数。?
［误］Halfoftheworkaredone.?
［正］Halfoftheworkisdone.?
［误］Halfofthesixapplesisred.?
［正］Halfofthesixapplesarered.?
［析］"halfof+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致，如为不可数名词或可数名词单数，要用单数谓语动词；而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。?
hand?
［误］Heshookhandwithhisteacher.?
［正］Heshookhandswithhisteacher.?
［析］与某人握手要用shakehands.与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式，如：changehands(转手、易手)，inthehandsof(由……控制)，joinhands(与人合作)。?
happen?
［误］Whatwashappenedtoyoulastmonth??
［正］Whathappenedtoyoulastmonth??
［误］Anaccidentwashappenedinthisstreetlastnight.?
［正］Anaccidenthappenedinthisstreetlastnight.?
［析］在英语中不及物动词没有被动态，作为"发生"讲的happen，takeplace和breakout都不具有被动态。happento常用来表达一件偶然发生的事，如：Ifyouhappentomeetmysisterpleaseaskhertocallme.?
hard?
［误］Ihavetostudyhardly.?
［正］Ihavetostudyhard.?
［析］hard是形容词，如：ahardwork，但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式，但词意截然不同，意为"几乎不"。?
［误］Ihadmylegbrokenlastterm，soIcouldnthardlystudyatall.?
［正］IhadmylegbrokenlasttermsoIhardlystudiedatall.?
［析］hardly意为"否定"，所以不要再加否定词语了，如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序，如：Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.?
have?
［误］Ihadmyboydohishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon.?
［正］Ihadmyboydoinghishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon.?
［析］用havesomebodydosomething还是doingsomething要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。?
［误］Ihavemybiketorepair.?
［正］Ihavemybikerepaired.?
［析］havesomethingdone这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：Ihaverepairedmybike.(我自己已修好了自行车。)而Ihavemybikerepaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。)?
［误］Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhave.?
［正］Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhaveany.?
［析］"如果你有的话"一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：Iwantsomebooksifthereisany.?
headache?
［误］Ivegotheadache.?
［正］Ivegotaheadache.?
［析］Headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：Mymotheroftengetsheadaches.但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomache?ache等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：Ivegottoothache.但也可用作可数名词。?
hear?
［误］Hewasheardsinginthenextroom.?
［正］Hewasheardtosinginthenextroom.?
［析］hearsomebodydosomething这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hearsomebodydoingsomething这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.变为被动态时为：Shewasheardsinginginthenextroom.这种用法还适用于see,look,observe,watch,notice,listento等。?
hearlistento?
hear一词为听见了什么，或听到什么，强调其结果；而listento则强调有意要听，听的倾向。如：Iwanttolistentoyou,butIhearnothing.?
但词组hearabout(of)则为"听说过"之意，如：Iheardaboutthis.(我听说过此事。)而hearfrom则为"收到某人信件"之意：Ioftenhearfrommygirlfriend.?
help?
［误］Pleasehelpmyhomework.?
［正］Pleasehelpmedomyhomework.?
［正］Pleasehelpmewithmyhomework.?
［析］help其句型是helpsomebodydo(todo)something.意为"帮某人作某事"，但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作，如：Hehelphismothercookthemeal.即"他和母亲一起作饭。"而Hehelpmetodomyhomework.则是"他指导我做作业"。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同，并无区别。?
［误］WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelptothinkofmychildhood.?
［正］WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelpthinkingofmychildhood.?
［析］canthelpdoingsomething是"身不由己，情不自禁做某事"。?
［误］Helpyourselfwithsomecakes.?
［正］Helpyourselftosomecakes.?
［析］中文中讲"你自己拿蛋糕吃"，英文中要用helpsomebodytosomething.?
here?
［误］Herethebuscomes!?
［正］Herecomesthebus!?
［析］副词在句首时一般要用倒装语序，即谓语动词的位置前移。但是，若主语如是人称代词，则还是要用正常语序，如：Hereweare!?
high?
［误］Heisveryhigh.?
［正］Heisverytall.?
［析］英语中的两个"高"high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high则只指物体的高，所以可以讲Thisbuildingisthehighestbuildinginthecity.但tall一般不用来指山脉的高低。?
hit?
［误］Themothergotangryandhittheboy.?
［正］Themothergotangryandbeattheboy.?
［析］hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打击，如Hehithisheadagainstthewall.(他把头撞到了墙上。)而beat则指多次性的打击。?
home?
［误］Imtired.ItstimeIwenttohome.?
［正］Imtired.ItstimeIwenthome.?
［析］home此处用作副词，所以不应加to，又如：Iarrivedhomeateleventhirtyyesterdayevening.而athome除了"在家"之意外，还有像"在家里一样"之意。如Makeyourselfathome.(不要拘束就像在家一样。)?
homehousefamily?
home是指与亲人一起居住的地方，可以讲aletterfromhome，所以有人解释home包括住处和家人。而house的侧重点则在建筑物，如Manynewhouseswerebuiltthisyear.family一词，作为整体讲其谓语动词用单数，如：Herfamilyisahappyone.而作为家庭成员讲时要用复数谓语动词，如：Myfamilyarealllikeswimming.?
homgwork?
［误］Ihavesomanyhomeworktodotoday.?
［正］Ihavesomuchhomeworkgodotoday.?
［析］homework为不可数名词。同样的词还有work(work作为"著作"、"作品"、"工厂"讲时为可数名词)，fun，healthinformation等。?
hope?
［误］Ihopeyoutobeagoodstudent.?
［正］Ihopeyouwillbeagoodstudent.?
［析］hope一词不能接宾语再加上宾语补足语，但它可以接不定式作宾语，如：Ihopetobeascientist.而wish却可以接宾语加宾语补足语，如：Iwishyoutobeagoodstudent.
［误］Idonthopeyouwillgototheparktomorrow.?
［正］Ihopeyouwontgototheparktomorrow.?
［析］hope和think在否定句中的用法不同，如"我认为你错了"。应译为：Idontthinkyouareright.即否定在前。而hope则不能这样用。又如在答语中"我不这样认为"应译为Idontthinkso.或Ihopenot.?
［误］Ihopeyourhelp.?
［正］Ihopeforyourhelp.?
［析］hopefor为"期望某事发生"，虽然hope是及物动词，但表达期望某事情发生要用"hopefor+名词"这一结构。?
［误］Iwashopefultopasstheexam.?
［正］Iwashopefulofpassingtheexam.?
［析］对某事存有希望应用"hopefulof(about)+介词宾语"这一结构。?
hospital?
［误］Mymotherwasinthehospitalfortwoweeks.?
［正］Mymotherwasinhospitalfortwoweeks.?
［析］inhospital为"住院就医"。而in(at)thehospital为"在医院(工作)"。如：Heisadoctorin(at)thehospital.类似的用法还有很多，如："上学"为gotoschool，atschool为"在校就读"，gotobed为"上床睡觉"。?
how?
［误］Iwanttoknowhowtodo.?
［正］Iwanttoknowhowtodoit.?
［析］how是关联副词，要注意与关联代词的不同用法。如：Iwanttoknowwhattodo.
［误］Howdoyouthinkaboutit??
［正］Whatdoyouthinkaboutit??
［析］英文中表达你对某事的看法如何应用Whatdoyouthinkabout…这一句式。?
hurry?
［误］Letshurry.Thereisalittletimeleft.?
［正］Letshurry.Thereislittletimeleft.?
［误］Dontworry.Thereislittletimeleft.?
［正］Dontworry.Thereisalittletimeleft.?
［析］请注意英语中的惯用法："快点吧，没时间了"，或"别着急还有一点时间。"?
［误］Thecarishurryingthroughthestreet.?
［正］Thecarisrushingthroughtthestreet.?
［析］hurry一词只用于人而不用于物体。?
hundred?
［误］Therearetwohundredspeoplehere.?
［正］Therearetwohundredpeoplehere.?
［误］Therearehundredofpeoplehere.?
［正］Therearehundredsofpeoplehere.?
［析］hundred一词前如有数字时不论多少其后都不加?s，这和thousand(千)等数量词的用法一样，而hundredsof是数百的，这一词组一定要加?s.?
hurt?
［误］Idontwanttowoundherfeelings.?
［正］Idontwanttohurtherfeelings.?
［析］wound是指战场上的刀枪伤(名词)，或用刀枪"伤害"、"打伤"(动词)。
I
if?
［误］IfitwillrainIwontgotoschooltomorrow.?
［正］IfitrainsIwontgotoschooltomorrow.?
［析］由if引起的状语从句要用一般时表示将来。?
［误］Iwanttoknowifhecomesheretomorrow.?
［正］Iwanttoknowifhewillcomeheretomorrow.?
［析］if所引起的如果是宾语从句则不能用一般现在时表示将来。?
［误］Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrowhewillcomeornot.?
［正］Iwanttoknowifitrainstomorrowhewillcomeornot.?
［析］这里的if从句是整个宾语从句的条件状语，所以，还应用一般时表示将来。?
ill?
［误］Hespentmanyyearslookingafterhisillfather.?
［正］Hespentmanyyearslookingafterhissickfather.?
［析］ill和sick都可以作表语，如：Imill(sick).美国英语中常用sick，而英国英语中两者都可用，但ill一般不作定语。?
in?
［误］Inacoldmorning,Iwenttoschoolalone.?
［正］Onacoldmorning,Iwenttoschoolalone.?
［析］在inthemorning或intheafternoon词组中，不论在这两个名词的前或后加任何修饰词，其介词in都要变为on.?
［误］Iwillfinishitaftertwodays.?
［正］Iwillfinishitintwodays.?
［析］中文中几天以后可以完成，或几天后来取，在译为英文时都不要用after，而要用in.如：Hewillbebackinafewdays.?
ininto?
作为副词应用in，而不能用into，如：Comein,please.又若在句中不涉及到动词的位置，只是表达空间的位置时用in，如：Theteacherintheofficeismymother.但在go,run,come,walk,dive等词后则要用into.如：Shedivesintotheriver.?
instead?
［误］Theboystayedinbedalldayinsteadtogotoschool.?
［正］Theboystayedinbedalldayinsteadofgoingtoschool.?
［析］insteadof其后要接动名词、名词或代词，而不能用不定式，如：Ichoosethisbookinsteadofthatone.?
［误］Thebeerhereisnotgood,soIdrinkwineinsteadofit.?
［正］Thebeerhereisnotgood,soIdrinkwineinstead.?
［析］instead是副词，而insteadof是介词短语。如：Ifyouarenotfree,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.?
interest?
［误］Hehasagreatinterestforphysics.?
［正］Hehasagreatinterestinphysics.?
［误］Hehassomeinterestinmanycompanies.?
［正］Hehassomeinterestsinmanycompanies.?
［析］interest作为"兴趣"讲可用作不可数名词，但作为"利息"、"股份"讲时为可数名词。?
［误］Thisisaninterestedbook.?
［正］Thisisaninterestingbook.?
［析］修饰物时应用interesting,如，aninterestingfilm，而讲某人对某事感兴趣时要用过去分词interested，如：Iminterestedinthisplay.但"他是一个十分有趣的人"。应译为Heisaninterestingman.所以interesting是"令人感兴趣"之意，而interested则表示某人对某事物感兴趣，多用"beinterestedinsomething"这一句型。?
invent?
［误］AmericawasinventedbyChristopherColumbusin1492.?
［正］AmericawasdiscoveredbyChristopherColumbusin1492.?
［析］invent意为"发明"即从无到有，如：CompasswasinventedbytheChinesepeople.而discover则意为"发现"。?
it?
［误］Thattakesmetenyearstofinishthiswork.?
［正］Ittakesmetenyearstofinishthiswork.?
［析］it在这个句中的语法作用是形式主语，而真正的主语是句子后面的不定式。有的句子要用it作形式主语或形式宾语，如：IthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.?
J?
中学生英语学习常见错误一览表?2
B?
back?
［误］Imsorry.Ihavetobackhome.?
［正］Imsorry.Ihavetogobackhome.?
［正］Imsorry.Ihavetogohome.?
［析］back用作"回到(某处)"之意，不是动词。?
be?
［误］Wheredoyoufrom??
［正］Whereareyoufrom??
［析］"你从何处来"应为Whereareyoufrom?或Wheredoyoucomefrom?但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的。要是口语中问"你是从什么地方来?"应讲Wheredidyoucomefrom?回答用Icamefromthelibrary.?
beat?
［误］Wehavewonyourclass.?
［正］Wehavebeatenyourclass.?
［正］Wehavewonthegame.?
［析］win是胜过之意，它是及物动词，但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称，如：Whichteamwonthefootballmatch?而beat指打败对手、敌人……如：Mybrotherbeatmeatpoker.(要注意的是，beat的过去式与原形相同，而过去分词为beaten)。?
［误］Theballbeatmebadly.?
［正］Theballhitmebadly.?
［误］Heusedtohitthelittleboyblackandblue.?
［正］Heusedtobeatthelittleboyblackandblue.?
［析］beat指打击多次，而hit则为击中对方的一次性打击。?
beautiful?
［误］Heisabeautifulboy.?
［正］Heisahandsomeboy.?
［析］我们可以讲Sheisabeautifulgirl.Thisisabeautifulpark.但要讲男人的"英俊"时要用handsome.?
because?
［误］ThereasonwhyIwaslateisbecauseIwasill.?
［正］ThereasonwhyIwaslateisthatIwasill.?
［误］BecauseitwasSunday,sotheparkwascrowded.?
［正］BecauseitwasSundaytheparkwascrowded.?
［析］这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了"所以"也就不要再用"因为"一词。例如：Becausewestudyhard,wepassedtheexameasily.或者：Westudyhardsowepassedtheexameasily.?
becausebecauseof?
because后要接从句，例如：Welikephysicsbecausewecanlearnalotofnewideas.而becauseof后要接名词作介词宾语，如：Heisnotatschoolbecauseoftheillness.?
before?
［误］Wehavetwohourstokillbeforewewillgohome.?
［正］Wehavetwohourstokillbeforewegohome.?
［析］killtime意为"消磨时光"。?
英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：Ifitrainswewillnotgotothepark.
［误］Ididthisworktwodaysbefore.?
［正］Ididthisworktwodaysago.?
［析］用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：Ihasdonethisworkafewdaysbefore.?
beforelonglongbefore?
beforelong是"不久"之意，例如：IshallgotoAmericabeforelong.而longbefore则是"很久很久"之意，如：Weknewthisteacherlongbeforewesawhim.(我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了。)?
begin?
［误］ThemeetingwillbeginfromMonday.?
［正］ThemeetingwillbeginonMonday.?
［误］Thefilmhasbegunfortenminutes.?
［正］Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.?
［析］begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：Thefilmhasbegun.这句话是对的，即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用hasbeenon即"上演了10分钟"。?
beginstart?
begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：HowoldwernyouwhenyoufirststartedlearningEnglish?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：Iwasbeginningtogethungry.但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：Theicebegantomelt.Itstartedtogetdarkbeforewegottoschool.当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：Thestudentbegantounderstandhismistakes.?
［误］Theystudyhardintheclassfromthebeginningtotheend.?
［正］Theystudyhardintheclassfrombeginningtoend.?
［析］frombeginningtoend是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：Atthebeginning,theteachergaveusanexam.?
behind?
［误］Hemissedtheclassbecausehewasbehindthetime.?
［正］Hemissedtheclassbecausehewasbehindtime.?
［析］behindtime一短语意为"晚了"，而behindthetimes意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词，如Comeoutfrombehindthedoor(介词).Hesalongwaybehind(副词).Hefellbehindwithhisclassmates(副词).?
below?
［误］Whatsthatbelowthechair.?
［正］Whatsthatunderthechair.?
［析］under意为"正下方"，而below意为"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：Thereisafallbelowtheriver.(河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over，如：Thereisabigplaneflyingoverthecity.但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用theexamplebelow,而不要用under.?
beside?
［误］Thestudentsstoodbesidestheteacher.?
［正］Thestudentsstoodbesidetheteacher.?
［误］IstudyEnglishbesideChinese.?
［正］IstudyEnglishbesidesChinese.?
［析］beside意为"在……旁边"，而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。?
besidebynear?
beside意为"在……旁"，如：Thereisatalltreebesidetheriver.by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意，如：Sheisstandingbythewindow.near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：Thereisapostofficenearourschool.?
better?
［误］Youhadbettertodoitathome.?
［正］Youhadbetterdoitathome.?
［误］Youhadntbetterwakemeupatsix.?
［正］Youhadbetternotwakemeupatsix.?
［析］hadbetter在肯定句中为"应该作某事"，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用hadbetter+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为d，如：Youdbetternot.又如：
?Lets?gofirst.No,wedbetternot.?
between?
［误］Amongthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet.?
［正］Betweenthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet.?
［析］两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among.?
［误］Youmustchoosebetweenthiscluborthatclub.?
［正］Youmustchoosebetweenthisclubandthatclub.?
［析］在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…，而不能用between…or….?
big?
［误］Therewasabigrainlastnight.?
［正］Therewasaheavyrainlastnight.?
［析］大雨在英语中只能用aheavyrain而不要用abigrain.?
bit?
［误］Heisabitfool.?
［正］Heisabitofafool.?
［析］abit可以作程度副词，与alittle相同，但它用于名词前应用abitof,而用于形容词前则应用abit，如：Imabittired,而其简答的否定句应为Notabit,(一点儿也不。)又如：?
-DoyoumindifIopenthedoor??
-Notabit.?
black?
［误］Thechildrenbecameblackafterswimminginthesea.?
［正］Thechildrenbecamesunburnedafterswimminginthesea.?
［析］因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用black而应用sunburned,suncolour或dark.?
［误］Thegirlhasblackeyesandblack
hair.?
［正］Thegirlhasdarkeyesandblackhair.?
［析］英语中blackeyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。?
［误］TheEuropeanslikeredtea.?
［正］TheEuropeanslikeblacktea.?
［析］红茶在英文中应为blacktea.这种惯用法还有：blackandblue(鼻青脸肿，青一块紫一块)；black?and?white(黑白电视片)。goblack意为"在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗"；lookblack意为"情况不妙，前景暗淡"。如：Afterthefighthewasblackandblue.OnTV,Ilikecolourforsomethingandblack?and?whiteforothers.?
body?
［误］Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourbody.?
［正］Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourhealth.?
［析］中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。?
borrow?
［误］MayIlendsomebooksfromthelibrary??
［正］MayIborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary??
［误］HowlongcanIborrowit??
［正］HowlongcanIkeepit??
［析］英语中有三个词都可译为"借"，但意义各不相同如："借入"是borrow，其常用句型结构是borrowsomethingfromsomebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：Thestudentswanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary."借出"用lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lendsomebodysomething,或lendsomethingtosomebody.例如：Couldyoulendusyourdictionary?或Couldyoulendyourdictionarytous?它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与howlong等疑问词连用，如：Youcankeepitforthreedays.?
born(bear的过去分词)?
［误］IborninShanghai.?
［正］IwasborninShanghai.?
［误］HewasbornfromGreekparents.?
［正］HewasbornofGreekparents.?
［析］"出身于……样的家庭"不要作from而要用of，例如：Hewasbornofapoorfamily.
both?
［误］Theybotharestudents.?
［正］Theyarebothstudents.?
［误］Theyrefusebothtoanswerthisquestion.?
［正］Theybothrefusetoanswerthisquestion.?
［析］both作同位语时，一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。
［误］Iknowhisbothparents.?
［正］Iknowbothhisparents.?
［误］Thebothbrotherswerestudents.?
［正］Boththebrotherswerestudents.?
［正］Bothbrotherswerestudents.?
［析］当both与形容词性物主代词my,his,her等以及定冠词the连用时，都应将这些词置于both之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。?
［误］Bothofmyparentsarenotathome.?
［正］Neitherofmyparentsareathome.?
［误］Bothofyouranswersarenotright.?
［正］Neitherofyouranswersisright.?
［正］Bothyouranswersarewrong.?
［析］both不能用于否定句中作主语。表示"两者都不"时要用neither;但作宾语时both与either则都对，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：Icannotgivebothofthebookstoyou.(我不能将两本书全给你。)而Icannotgiveeitherofthebookstoyou.(两本书中哪本书也不能给你。)?
bring?
［误］PleasebringthisdictionarytoMrBrown.?
［正］PleasetakethisdictionarytoMrBrown.?
［误］Nexttime,pleasetakeyourlittlesisterhere.?
［正］Nexttime,pleasebringyourlittlesisterhere.?
［析］英语中bring是"带来"，而take是"带走"。还有一个词fetch,表示"到某处去把某物取、接回来"。如：Pleasefetchthedoctoratonce.?
business?
［误］MyfatherwenttoShanghaiforbusiness.?
［正］MyfatherwenttoShanghaionbusiness.?
［析］onbusiness出差?
busy?
［误］Thestudentswereverybusytopreparefortheexam.?
［正］Thestudentswereverybusypreparingfortheexam.?
［析］bebusydoingsomething为"忙于作某事"?
［误］Thestudentswerebusyfortheexam.?
［正］Thestudentswerebusywiththeexam.?
［析］busy直接接名词时应用with.?
but?
［误］Hecouldnthelpbutrealizingthathewaswrong.?
［正］Hecouldnthelpbutrealizethathewaswrong.?
［误］Shecouldnthelptocrywhenshesawhermother.?
［正］Shecouldnthelpcryingwhenshesawhermother.?
［析］couldnthelp其后应接动名词，表示情不自禁的动作，但couldnthelpbut后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句应译为"他才真正认识到他错了。"
?
buy?
［误］Ihaveboughtthisdictionaryforthreeyears.?
［正］Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.?
［析］buy是截止性(即瞬间)动词，它可以有完成时，如：Ihaveboughtthisdictionary.但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了则要用havehad这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了。?
by?
［误］Theboyshotthecatbyagun.?
［正］Theboyshotthecatwithagun.?
［误］Hecametoschoolbyataxithismorning.?
［正］Hecametoschoolbytaxithismorning.?
［析］作为某种运输手段来讲，by与名词间不能有冠词，如：bycar,bybike,byair等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词，则应用别的相应的介词，如："我们今天早上是乘他的车来的"一句应译为：Wecamehereinhiscarthismorning.?与by结合而成的词组很多，常用的有：bytheway顺便说说；byhand手工制作；byoneself独自地；bynomeans决不。?
C
call?
［误］IllcallatMrBrown.?
［正］IllcallonMrBrown.?
［误］IllcallonMrBrownshome.?
［正］IllcallatMrBrownshome.?
［析］作"拜访"讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。
?callondropinvisit?
callon比较正式的为公务的访问，如：Wewerecalledonbytheoldstudents.而dropin则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：Ifyourefree,dropin.而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：MyschoolsheadmasterwillvisitAmericanextweek.?
can?
［误］Ablindmancannotjudgecolours.?
［正］Ablindmancannotjudgecolours.?
［误］Icanntcallforyouatten.?
［正］Icantcallforyouatten.?
［析］can的否定形式应为cannot或cant.?
［误］Itsonlysixoclock.Thatmustntbethepostman.?
［正］Itsonlysixoclock.Thatcantbethepostman.?
［析］must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：Shemusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.但在否定句中则要用cant，要表示对过去的推测则要用"must+have+过去分词"的表达法，如：Thelightshavegoneout.Afusemusthaveblown.而对过去的否定推测则多用"?cant?+have+过去分词"，如：Idontthinkhecanhaveheardyou.Callagain.?
［误］Wecouldnothelptolaughatonce.?
［正］Wecouldnothelplaughingatonce.?
［正］Wecouldnothelpbutlaughatonce.?
［析］"couldnthelp+动名词"表示禁不住做了某事。但couldnothelpbut与couldnotbut后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：Youcouldnot(help)butrespecthim.?
canbeableto?
can与beableto都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，beableto则可用任何时态，如：Hewillbeabletoteachthechild.但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用beableto，如：Hefinallywasabletojumpover2?10meters.或：Theplanewasabletoflyoverthemountain.但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而beableto后面不接不定式的被动态。?
cancould?
can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：Couldyoutellusastory?
care?
［误］Idontcarecoffee.?
［正］Idontcareforcoffee.?
［误］Takecareforyoursteps.?
［正］Takecareofyoursteps.?
［析］carefor是"对某物感兴趣"，而careof是"关心，要当心某事"，如：Shedidntcareforhim.Takecareofwhatyouaredoing.?
［误］Idontcarewherewewillgoifitdoesntrain.?
［正］Idontcarewherewegoifitdoesntrain.?
［析］在itdoesntmatter,Idontcare,Idontmind,及incase引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：Ivegotafootballincasewehavetimeforagame.?
change?
［误］Iwanttochangemycamerawiththatone.?
［正］Iwanttochangemycameraforthatone.?
［析］changefor为"以某物为交换物"。而changewith则是"随……而变"，如：Thewoodscolourchangedwiththeseason.?
cheap?
［误］Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverycheap.?
［正］Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverylow.?
［析］工资的高低要用low，cheap是指价格便宜，如果要讲物美价廉则要用notexpensive,如：Thiscarisnotexpensive.?
choose?
［误］WeeachhadtohaveachooseofAorB.?
［正］WeeachhadtohaveachoiceofAorB.?
［析］choice是名词，而choose是动词。?
class?
［误］TheclassiswatchingTV.?
［正］TheclassarewatchingTV.?
［析］class作主语时，如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：Theclasswasmorethanfortyinnumber.如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词，如：Theclassare,ingeneral,verybright.?
clean?
［误］Sorry,Ididntboughtithere.Icleanlyforgot.?
［正］Sorry,Ididntboughtithere.Icleanforgot.?
［析］clean可以作为副词讲，其意为"完全"，而cleanly则意为"正确地"、"干净利落地"，如：Theknifedoesntcutcleanly.而clean作为形容词讲时意为"清洁的"、"干净的"，如：Herfaceisnotcleannow.?
clever?
［误］ImnotcleverinEnglish.?
［正］ImnotcleveratEnglish.?
［析］cleverat是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特长。?
close?
［误］Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclose.?
［正］Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclosed.?
［析］这里的close是动词，意为"关闭"，而keep后要加形容词，所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词。作形容词用的close意为"近的"、"亲密的"。?
［误］ComecloselysothatIcanseeyou.?
［正］ComeclosesothatIcanseeyou.?
［误］Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloserelated.?
［正］Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloselyrelated.?
［析］close,closely同样可以作副词用，但其意义不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely则是"紧密"、"严密"、"密切"之意。?
［误］Myschoolwasquiteclosefrommyhome.?
［正］Myschoolwasquiteclosetomyhome.?
［析］"与……接近"是closeto…，例如：?
Hewasclosetofifty.?
Thereisabus?stopclosetothestation.?
closeshutturn?
shut与close是同义词，如closethedoor或shutthedoor.但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用shutsomebodyout而不能用close，因shut语气较强，并含有隔离之意。而turnoff是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类，有切断之意。?
cloth?
［误］Thechildrenwearverygoodclothtogotoschool.?
［正］Thechildrenwearverygoodclothestogotoschool.?
［误］Ineedalotofclothing.?
Imgoingtomakeanewcloth.?
［正］Ineedalotofcloth.?
Imgoingtomakeanewdress.?
［析］cloth是"布"、"布料"，没有复数形式。一块布料是apieceofcloth,而clothes统指衣服，是复数名词，"一套衣服"要讲asuitofclothes，如果是"一件件衣服"应讲shirt,dress,sweater等。而clothing是衣物的总称，是不可数名词。例如：Thisclothingisneededinwarmcountries.Herclothesaremadeoffinecloth.?英语中的dress是指比较正式的服装，如aschooldress(校服)，astudentdress(学生套装)，aworkingdress(工作服)。?
coffee?
［误］Pleasegivemetwowaters.?
［正］Pleasegivemetwocoffees.?
［正］Pleasegivemetwocupsofwater.?
［析］虽然coffee,water,tea等都是物质名词，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的却不行，其前要加acupof或aglassof.?
colour(color)?
［误］Coloursofflowersarered,yellowandwhite.?
［正］Flowersarered,yellowandwhite.?
［析］中文的"花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色"，若译为英文Coloursofflowersare…，就显得重复了。?
［误］Ilikegreencolour.?
［正］Ilikegreen.?
［正］Ilikecolourgreen.?
［析］colourgreen中的colour是green的同位语，所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。?
come?
［误］Icameacrosswithanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.?
［正］Icameacrossanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.?
［析］comeacross是"偶然碰见、遇见"，要直接加宾语，如：Ivejustcomeacrossabeautifulpoeminthismagazine.?
［误］Wheredoyoucomefrom??
Icomefromthestation.?
［正］Wheredidyoucomefrom??
Icamefromthestation.?
［正］Wheredoyoucomefrom??
IcomefromChina.?
［析］Wheredoyoucomefrom?意为"你是什么地方的人?"?而Wheredidyoucomefrom?则是"你从何处来?"?
［误］Thestarsarecomingoutfromthecloud.?
［正］Thestarsarecomingoutofthecloud.?
［析］comeoutof意为"从……地方出来"。?
comeincomeintoenter?
comein与comeinto的意义相同，但comeinto后面要加宾语，而comein后面不用宾语。如Ifoundsomeonecameintomyroom.Thedooropenedandthechildcamein.?
enter常作为及物动词使用，如：ThebusenteredtheEnglishtunnel.?
congratulate?
［误］Iwanttocongratulateyouforyoursuccesswithallmyheart.?
［正］Iwanttocongratulateyouonyoursuccesswithallmyheart.?
［析］动词congratulatesomebodyonsomething是"向某人祝贺某事"。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数，如：Iofferedhimmycongratulationsonhissuccess.
又如：Congratulations!?
cook?
［误］Myfatherisagoodcooker.?
［正］Myfatherisagoodcook.?
［析］很多动词加上?er则变为执行该动作的一种人，如work?worker,teach?teacher.但cook即是动词"做饭"，同时名词也是"厨师"。而cooker则是"厨具"、"炊具"之意。如：Iwillcookthedinner.Iboughtagoodpresscooker(高压锅)。?
corner?
［误］Thereisapostofficeinthecornerofthestreet.?
［正］Thereisapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet.?
［误］Agirlsatatthecorneroftheroom.?
［正］Agirlsatinthecorneroftheroom.?
［析］inthecorner是在建筑物内部的角上，而atthecorner是在外部的角上，如：Thereisabigtreeatthecornerofthebuilding.?
cost?
［误］Icosttendollarsforthebook.?
［正］Ispenttendollarsonthebook.?
［误］Icosttwohourstodomyhomework.?
［正］Ittookmetwohourstodomyhomework.?
［析］cost,spend.take都可以作"花费"讲，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱"，如：Thebookcostmetendollars.spend的用法是"somebody+spend+时间+(in)doingsomething"，如：Ispenttwohours(in)writingthisbook.或"somebody+spend+金钱+onsomething"，如：Ispendtwodollarsonthisbook.而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:"It+takes+somebody+时间+todosomething",如：Ittookmeanhourtocleantheclassroom.?
country?
［误］Youcanfindcowsinacountry.?
［正］Youcanfindcowsinthecountry.?
［析］country即可作"国家"讲，也可作"农村"讲。当作"农村"讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。例如：?
［误］Farmersliveinthecountries.?
［正］Farmersliveinthecountry.?
［析］但作为"国家"讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：JapanisanAsiancountry.Japan,China,andIndiaareAsiancountries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：NewZealandisanagriculturalcountry.而nation多指民族组成的国家，如：TheChinesenation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：thestatefarm(国营农场)。?
cross?
［误］Therearetrafficlightsatthecross.?
［正］Therearetrafficlightsatthecrossing.?
［析］cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：RedCross(红十字会)。?
［误］Thelittleboyisgoingtoacrossthestreet.?
［正］Thelittleboyisgoingtocrossthestreet.?
［析］across是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。?
crosspass?
cross是指横过某地，如：Hecrossedthesquare.而pass则强调从某物体旁经过，如：ImailedsomeletterswhenIpassedthepostoffice.?
crowd?
［误］Theroomsoonwascrowdedbypeople.?
［正］Theroomsoonwascrowdedwithpeople.?
［析］crowded在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：Theroomwascrowdedwithbooks.?
cup?
［误］Asilverglasswasgiventothewinner.?
［正］Asilvercupwasgiventothewinner.?
［误］Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskycup.?
［正］Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskyglass.?
［析］glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲Idrinkaglassofwineatsupper.而不讲Idrinkacupofwineatsupper.?
D?
dance?
［误］Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadanceparty.?
［正］Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadancingparty.?
［正］Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadance.?
［正］Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoaball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)?
date?
［误］Hestudiedtenhoursadate.?
［正］Hestudiedtenhoursaday.?
［析］date是指具体日期。如问Whatsthedatetoday?应回答具体日期："October1st1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如Whatdayistoday?问的是星期几，应回答"ItsSunday."
［误］TodaysdateisJanuaryfirst.1998.?
［正］TodaysdateisJanuary1，1998.?
［正］TodaysdateisJanuary1st，1998.?
［析］在日期书写中不要用序数词全写，而要用1st，2nd，3rd……如果一定要用序数词，其顺序应为：ItisthefirstofJanuary.?
day?
［误］ThisisabookabouteverydayEnglish.?
［正］ThisisabookabouteverydayEnglish.?
［正］ThisisaneverydayEnglishbook.?
［误］Wegotoschooleveryday.?
［正］Wegotoschooleveryday.?
［析］everyday是形容词，意为"日常的"，而everyday则是"每天"、"天天"之意。?
dead?
［误］Myfatherhasdiedfortenyears.?
［正］Myfatherhasbeendeadfortenyears.?
［析］die是瞬间动词，它可以用于完成时，如：Myfatherhasdied.但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时，如：Myfatherdiedthreeyearsago
［误］Wellalwaysrememberthedeadswhowerekilledinthewar.?
［正］Wellalwaysrememberthedeadwhowerekilledinthewar.?
［析］形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人，如therich(富人)，thesick(病人)，thepoor(穷人)，其后的谓语动词要用复数，如：Thericharenotalwayshappy.?
deaddeadly?
dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思，如deadright,deadtired,deadsure。而deadly则是"致命的"，如：Therichmanhadmanydeadlyenemies.又如：Cancerisadeadlydisease.?
deaddied?
dead是形容词，如：MrsGintywasdead.而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词，如：Shediedin1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是passaway,如：Myfatherpassedaway,thismorning.?
deer?
［误］Inthezoo,therearemanydeers.?
［正］Inthezoo,therearemanydeer.?
［析］deer是单、复数同形的词，如：onedeer，twodeer，这样的名词还有fish，sheep等。但如果讲Therearemanyfisheshere.这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"?
desk?
［误］Theboysatinhisdesk.?
［正］Theboysatathisdesk.?
［析］在课桌旁坐着应用介词at,而atdesk则应译为"在学习"，attable应译为"在吃饭"。?
die?
［误］InSouthAfricamanypeoplediedfromcancer.?
［正］InSouthAfricamanypeoplediedofcancer.?
［误］Theoldmandiedofoverwork.?
［正］Theoldmandiedfromoverwork.?
［析］死于疾病应用dieof，而死于某种外因事故则多用from.?
［误］Hismotherisdied.?
［正］Hismotherisdead.?
［误］Theoldwomanwasdeadattheageofseventy.?
［正］Theoldwomandiedattheageofseventy.?
［析］dead是形容词，而die是动词。形容词表示状态，动词则表示动作。?
［误］Hediedinatrafficaccident.?
［正］Hewaskilledinatrafficaccident.?
［析］由于事故而造成的死亡一般用tobekilled.?
［误］Whenthedoctorcame，theoldmanhadalreadydied.?
［正］Whenthedoctorcame，theoldmanwasalreadydead.?
［正］Theoldmandiedbeforethedoctorcame.?
different?
［误］Myroomisdifferentwithyours.?
［正］Myroomisdifferentfromyours.?
［误］Thevillageisverydifferentwithwhatitwas.?
［正］Thevillageisverydifferentfromwhatitwas.?
［析］differentfrom是"与……不同"之意。?
difficult?
［误］Englishisverydifficulttobelearned.?
［正］Englishisverydifficulttolearn.?
［误］Helearnedphysicsisdifficult.?
［正］Itisverydifficultforhimtolearnphysics.?
［析］要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。Itisdifficultforsomebodytodosomething.为"对于某人来说做某事很困难。"?
difficulty?
［误］Therewaslittledifficultytofindhim.?
［正］Therewaslittledifficultyinfindinghim.?
［析］这种用法还有trouble,即difficulty(trouble)indoingsomething.
dinner?
［误］Whendidyouhavethesupper??
［正］Whendidyouhavesupper??
［析］英语中一日三餐前无冠词，例如：?
［误］Ihadalunchat12oclock.?
［正］Ihadlunchat12oclock.?
［析］在某些特定场合，如指某次宴会，则要加冠词，如：Thedinnerwasgiveninhonouroftheguest.?
dress?
［误］Myfatherboughtanewdressforhimselfyesterday.?
［正］Myfatherboughtanewsuitforhimselfyesterday.?
［析］一般来讲男套装用suit，女服则用dress；作男服的服装店是tailorshop(tailors),而做女装的服装店是dressmakers.?
［误］Themotherdressedtheclothesonherchild.?
［正］Themotherdressedherchild.?
［析］dress作及物动词当"穿衣服"讲时，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：Theboyisstilltooyoungtodresshimself.但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时，则多用其过去分词作形容词，如：Heisnotdressedinhisnewsuit.或Sheisdressedinred.词组dressup是过节日时应服装整齐，如：Theydressedupfortheholiday.
dresshaveonputonwear?
要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是haveon和wear，如：Hehasonawhitecoat.Hewaswearingheavyshoes.而puton则表示穿衣的动作，如：Putonyourcoat,itiscoldoutside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作，作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如：Isawaladydressedinred.Isawagirldressingherself.?
drop?
［误］Thestudentsfelltheirvoice.?
［正］Thestudentsdroppedtheirvoice.?
［析］drop与fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意，有时可以互换，如：Thedictionaryfell(dropped)fromthetable.但drop还可以作及物动词，而fall一般只能作不及物动词。?
［误］Ishalldropinyou.?
［正］Ishalldropinonyou.?
［析］dropin是随便拜访某人，而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。?
during?
［误］DuringIwassick，Icouldnteatwell.?
［正］WhileIwassick，Icouldnteatwell.?
［析］during后不能接从句，而when和while后可接从句。?
［误］IhavebeenstudyingEnglishduringthreedays.?
［正］IhavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreedays.?
［析］during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间，而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时，不能用完成时。?
中学生英语学习常见错误一览表5
spring?
［误］IllvisitAmericainthisspring.?
［正］IllvisitAmericainspring.?
［正］IllvisitAmericathisspring.?
［析］英语一年四季前如果有that,this,last,next等词，则其前面不要再加介词。这样的用法还有周、月、年等。请看下面句子中的用法有何不同：Hetoldmethatshediditonthenextday.这时是指过去某一天的第二天，所以才有这种用法。如果以现在为时间基点的第二天应为Illdoitnextday.?
start?
［误］WhattimewillyoustarttoSanFrancisco??
［正］WhattimewillyoustartforSanFrancisco??
［析］start与leave一样，其后接"for+目的地"。?
beginstart?
begin与start在很多场合下是一样的意思，如：Westarted/begantostudyEnglishtwoyearsago.但在如下场合则不能用begin:①作为"启程"讲，如：Ithinkweoughttostartatsix.②表示"开始工作"，如：Thecarwontstart.(车子发动不起来。)③作为"开动"、"启动"讲，如：Doyouknowhowtostartthismachine.?
still?
［误］Oh,itisstillrainingnow.?
［正］Oh,itisstillraining.?
［析］因still即包含有现在仍然如何，所以now是多余词。?
stillyetalready?
still一般与动词连用，可放于句子中间用以说明过去开始的动作现在仍然在继续，特别用来表示我们希望它早点停止。如：Ivebeenthinkingforhours,butIstillcantdecide.yet一般放于句末，用在疑问句与否定句中。如：Hasthepostmancomeyet?already则与动词连用，可放于句中表示某事的发生比预期的要早，如：Ivealreadyfinishedmyhomework.?
stop?
［误］Whentheteachercameintotheclassroomthestudentsstoppedtotalk.?
［正］Whentheteachercameintotheclassroomthestudentsstoppedtalking.?
［析］stoptodosomething是"停下来去做某事"，而stopdoingsomething是"停止做某事"。?
street?
［误］Thereisanarrowwindingstreetfromourvillagetothenextone.?
［正］Thereisanarrowwindingroadfromourvillagetothenextone.?
［析］street一般指城市中两旁有建筑物的"街道"，而road多指乡间的"路"。?
strict?
［误］Yououghttobestricttohim.?
［正］Yououghttobestrictwithhim.?
［析］bestrictwith是"对……严格的"。?
such?
［误］Doyouwanttohavesuchadictionary??
［正］Doyouwanttohavesuchagooddictionary??
［正］Doyouwanttohaveadictionarylikethat??
［析］such作加强语气时一般是"such+(冠词)形容词+名词"，如：Itssuchagoodbook.但如果名词前没有形容词则要看其名词是否具有"能显示程度的含意"，如：Ivegotsuchaheadache.Youaresuchfools!否则在such与名词之间一定要有形容词。?
sure?
［误］Iamquitesureforthatanswer.?
［正］Iamquitesureofthatanswer.?
［析］sure用于句中表示"对……事有确实把握"时应跟of或about，而不跟for，如：Imsureabout(of)hisabilitytocontrolthismachine.?
sweet?
［误］Honeytastessweetly.?
［正］Honeytastessweet.?
［析］sweet可以作为名词，意为"糖果"，是可数名词，如：MayIhaveasweet?作形容词，如：Thechildlookedverysweet.而sweetly为副词，意为"甜美地"、"悦耳地"。要注意taste为感观动词，其后面要接形容词而不是副词。?
Ｔ?
take?
［误］ThisyearIwanttotakethedriverslicense.?
［正］ThisyearIwanttogetthedriverslicense.?
［析］take可以作为动词，意为"拿"、"取"，如：Iwanttotakemymail.而要获得某种证书、证明，要用get而不用take，take在学校范围内意为"参加"或"选修"某些课程，如：ThistermIwanttotakebothFrenchandSpanish.?
［误］Theaccidentwastakenplaceatthestreetcorner.?
［正］Theaccidenttookplaceatthestreetcorner.?
［析］takeplace与happen一样作为"发生"讲时没有被动语态。?
［误］Doyoutakemeasafool??
［正］Doyoutakemeforafool??
［析］take…for…意为"以为是……"、"错当作……"、"误认为"，而这一意思还可以用于Itookyoutobethebestfriend.(我把你认作是最好的朋友。)?
［误］MyEnglishteacherwasill.Whowilltakeplaceher??
［正］MyEnglishteacherwasill.Whowilltaketheplaceofher??
［析］taketheplaceof…意为"取代"。?
talk?
［误］YesterdayImetanoldfriend.Wetalkedmanythings.?
［正］YesterdayImetanoldfriend.Wetakedaboutmanythings.?
［析］talk是不及物动词。?
team?［误］Ourteamlikesseeingfilm.?
［正］Ourteamlikeseeingfilm.?
［析］team与family，class等词一样，指整体时为单数名词。如：Ourteamisexcellent,而指集体中的个体时要用作复数。?
than?
［误］Theymadefewermistakesthistermthantheymadelastlerm.?
［正］Theymadefewermistakesthistermthantheydidlastlerm.?
［析］当一个动作在同一个句子中重复时，第二次要用do来代替，以避免重复。?
［误］YoumakemedomorethenanybodyIknow.?
［正］YoumakemedomorethananybodyIknow.?
［误］Igotintotherestroomthansomeoneknockedatthedoor.?
［正］Igotintotherestroomthensomeoneknockedatthedoor.?
［析］than与then不要误用。?
then?
［误］Wewenttothecinema,thenwenttoaChineserestaurant.?
［正］Wewenttothecinema,andthenwenttoaChineserestaurant.?
［正］Wewenttothecinema;thenwenttoaChineserestaurant.?
［析］then作"然后"讲时，在then前应加分号而不用逗号，或加逗号用andthen，但是如果是倒装句则要用逗号，如：FirstcomeTom,thenMary.?
think?
［误］Ithinkyouarenotright.?
［正］Idontthinkyouareright.?
［析］think在肯定句中与中文的习惯用法是一致的，如：Ithinkyouareright.但在宾语从句是否定意思时，要否定think，如：Idontthinkyouareright.?
［误］Ithinkhewillcomehere,doI??
［正］Ithinkhewillcomehere,wonthe??
［析］think加宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主语应用宾语从句中的主语，助动词要用宾语从句中的助动词，而肯定还是否定要看主句中的情况决定：如主句用肯定句，则反意疑问句用否定句，反之亦然。?
［误］Peoplethinkveryhighofhiswork.?
［正］Peoplethinkveryhighlyofhiswork.?
［析］thinkhighlyof为"对某人某事评价很高"。?
［误］WhenwetalkaboutChinesepeoplewealwaysthinktheYellowRiver.?
［正］WhenwetalkaboutChinesepeoplewealwaysthinkabouttheYellowRiver.?
［析］thinkabout意为"想起"、"想到"。?
thousand?
［误］Hegotthousandofbooksfromasecond?hand?bookshop.?
［正］Hegotthousandsofbooksfromasecond?hand?bookshop.?
［析］虽然twothousand,threethousand在thousand后都不加?s，但thousandsof则为"数千"，该结构中一定要加?s。?
through?
［误］IhadalongdistancecallwithJohnthroughtthetelephone.?
［正］IhadalongdistancecallwithJohnonthetelephone.?
［误］Ittookustwohourstowalkacrosstheforest.?
［正］Ittookustwohourstowalkthroughtheforest.?
［析］across是表示在一平面上进行的动作，而through则是用在三维空间的动作。如：Theriverwasfrozen,sowecouldwalkacrossit.Ipushedthroughthecrowdstotheentrance.?
throw?
［误］Hethrewastonetome.?
［正］Hethrewastoneatme.?
［析］"扔"这个词表示方向时要注意他向我扔石头是atme，我向他扔石头则为tohim，但throwat还有寻衅之意，如：Stopthrowingstonesatthecars.这时不要误用to.?
time?
［误］Thedoctorcameontimesoshewassaved.?
［正］Thedoctorcameintimesoshewassaved.?
［析］intime为"及时赶到"，如：Doyouthinkwecangetthereintimeforthefirstact.而ontime意为"准时"，如：Thetrainarrivedontime.?
［误］Itistimewegohome.?
［正］Itistimeweshouldgohome.?
［正］Itistimewewenthome.?
［析］"是该作某事的时候了"，其句形为：①Itistimeforsomebodytodosomething.②"Itistime+从句"，从句中用"should+动词原形"，或直接用动词的过去式。?
［误］Letshurry.Wehaventmanytimes.?
［正］Letshurry.Wehaventmuchtime.?
［误］IhavebeentoAmericatwotimes.?
［正］IhavebeentoAmericatwice.?
［析］time作为"时间"讲时为不可数名词，而作为"次"讲时则是可数名词。但"一次"不是onetime，而是once；"二次"不是twotimes，而是twice；"三次"则是threetimes.?
too?
［误］Thisboxistooheavytoliftit.?
［正］Thisboxistooheavytolift.?
［析］在too…to这一结构中，如果主语和不定式的宾语是一致的，则不要重复。?
［误］Thechildistooyoungnottogotoschool.?
［正］Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.?
［析］too…to这一结构用来表示"太……以致于不能……"，但下面的句子则不能照此翻译：Imtoogladtomeetyou.应译为"我见到你真太高兴了"。?
［误］Thereismuchtoonoise.?
［正］Thereistoomuchnoise.?
［析］"muchtoo+形容词"，而"toomuch+不可数名词"。?
［误］Youhaveboughttoomuchtomatoes.?
［正］Youhaveboughttoomanytomatoes.?
［析］toomany后才加可数名词。?
alsoaswelltoo?
这三个词是近义词，但其用法各有不同。其一，too和aswell通常用于句末，如：Shewenttothecinemaandherbrotherwenttoo.而also则不用于句末，如：Ivealsoreadherothernovels.其二，这三个词都不用于否定句中，否定句中用not…either，或neither/nor…,如：He?isnt?hereeither.?
trousers?
［误］Mytrouserisgettingsmallerandsmaller.?
［正］Mytrousersaregettingsmallerandsmaller.?
［析］英语中trousers,pants,shorts(短裤)，glasses(眼镜)都要用复数形式。?
［误］Thispairofglassesareverygood.?
［正］Thispairofglassesisverygood.?
［析］有了量词apairof，其后的谓语动词要与量词相一致。如：twopairsof…的谓语动词就要用复数。?
try?
［误］Itriedtosendherflowersbutitdidnthaveanyeffect.?
［正］Itriedsendingherflowersbutitdidnthaveanyeffect.(我试着给她送花，但没有什么结果。)?
［误］Pleasetryunderstandingit.?
［正］Pleasetrytounderstandit.?
［析］"try+动名词"的意思是"试一试"，或"做某事看看会发生什么情况"，而"try+不定式"表示为达到目的要去做的事。?
Ｕ
?
under?
［误］Thelakeistwometersundersealevel.?
［正］Thelakeistwometersbelowsealevel.?
［析］under的意思是在某物的下面，而below＝lowerthan,即"低于"。?
［误］Underthehelpofourteacher,allofuspassedtheexam.?
［正］Withthehelpofourteacher,allofuspassedtheexam.?
understand?
［误］Ithinkitisdiffculttomakemyselftounderstand.?
［正］Ithinkitisdiffculttomakemyselfunderstood.?
［析］这句话的意思是"我想让别人理解我太难了"。?
［误］Iamunderstandingthelessonnow.?
［正］Iunderstandthelessonnow.?
［析］understand一词没有进行时态。类似的词还有belong,find,hear,love,like等。?
until?
［误］Wewalkeduntiltheedgeoftheforest.?
［正］Wewalkedasfarastheedgeoftheforest.?
［误］Ourschoolbuscanholduntiltwentychildren.?
［正］Ourschoolbuscanholduptotwentychildren.?
［析］until与till两词的意思一样，但两个词都只能用于时间，如：IllwaituntilIhearfromyou.?
［误］Iwaitedformymothertosevenoclock,butshedidntcome.?
［正］Iwaitedformymotheruntilsevenoclock,butshedidntcome.
［误］CanyoureturnthisbookuntilMonday??
［正］CanyoureturnthisbookbyMonday??
［析］当我们谈目前正在进行而将来某一时刻才停止的事件时用until，而用by来表达将来某一时刻会发生的动作。?
［误］Wearrivedhomeuntilitbecamedark.?
［正］Wedidntarrivedhomeuntilitbecamedark.?
［析］until用于肯定句时表示"某动作直到……为止"，如：Theyworkeduntil5∶00P.M.用于否定句中时意为"直到……才"。所以用于肯定句中要使用延续性动词，但截止性动词却可以用在否定句中。?
upstairs?
［误］Hewenttoupstairs.?
［正］Hewentupstairs.?
［析］upstairs一词可用作副词，如：Weallhurriedupstairstoseewhathappened.也可用作名词，如；Theupstairsofthehouseneedspainting.同时也可以用作形容词，如：Ahousewiththreeupstairsroomsisquitegood.?
use?
［误］Itisnousetoaskher.?
［正］Itisnouseaskingher.?
［析］Itisnouse…与Thereisnouse…后通常用动名词，而不用不定式。?
［误］Illgetusedtotreatthestudentsthisway.?
［正］Illgetusedtotreatingthestudentsthisway.?
［析］beusedto与getusedto后要接动名词表示"习惯于"做某事。?
［误］Iusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.?
［正］Iusedtogetupearlyinthemorning.?
［析］usedto表示过去习惯的动作，其后要加动词原形。?
［误］Oilwasusedtocooking.?
［正］Oilwasusedtocook.?
［析］这里的句型虽然也是beusedto但这里不是主动态，而是被动态，所以不能接动名词而应接不定式。?
［误］WeusedtogototheGreatWallthreetimes.?
［正］WewenttotheGreatWallthreetimes.?
［析］usedto只能用来表示一种习惯，而不能用来表达某事发生的次数。?
Ｖ
?
very?
［误］Thankyouindeed.?
［正］Thankyouverymuchindeed.?
［析］indeed用来修饰verymuch,但要放其后面，而且也不要单独使用。?
［误］Thebabywasveryasleep.?
［正］Thebabywasfastasleep.?
［析］不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰，如：Imwideawake.(我全醒了。)再如：allalone(十分孤独)，muchafraid等。?
［误］Thethingseemstobeveryimproved.?
［正］Thethingseemstobemuchimproved.?
［析］有些语法书讲very修饰现在分词，而much修饰过去分词，这要分别对待。如果过去分词是指一个具体的动作，而且是句中主要动词的一部分就必须用much，而某些形容词化的过去分词，还是要用very来修饰的，如：Iamverytired.?
［误］Thereisverylesswaterintheriverthanusual.?
［正］Thereismuch/farlesswaterintheriverthanusual.?
［析］very不能修饰形容词或副词的比较级，而要用far,much等来修饰。?
Ｗ?
wait?
［误］TomorrowIwillwaityouatthebusstop.?
［正］TomorrowIwillwaitforyouatthebusstop.?
［析］wait是不及物动词，"等人"要用waitforsomebody；而waitup为"不睡觉等候某事"，如：Illwaituptonight.?
walk?
［误］Ithinkshewentawalkyesterday.?
［正］Ithinkshewentoutforawalkyesterday.?
［析］散步在英文中要讲haveawalk,takeawalk.如果用go要用goforawalk.?
want?
［误］Theflowerswanttowater.?
［正］Theflowerswantwatering.?
［析］want在这里作为"需要"讲，其后加动名词。这句话的意思是"这花需要浇水。"?
［误］Doyouwantsomeonegoalongwithyou??
［正］Doyouwantsomeonetogoalongwithyou??
［析］wantsomebodytodosomething为一固定用法。?
wash?
［误］Areyougoingtomakwashingthisweekend??
［正］Areyougoingtodowashingthisweekend??
［析］dowashing为"洗衣服"，是固定搭配。?
watch?
［误］Yourwatchiswhattime??
［正］Whattimeisitbyyourwatch??
［析］一定要记住英文的习惯用法。?
［误］Themotherwanttowatchthechildrentoplayonthegrass.?
［正］Themotherwanttowatchthechildrenplay(playing)onthegrass.?
［析］watch的用法同see,hear等词。?
way?
［误］Pleasemovethechair,itisontheway.?
［正］Pleasemovethechair,itisintheway.?
［析］intheway为"挡道"，而ontheway为"在路上"，如：onmywayhome(在回家路上)，onhiswaytothestation(在他去火车站的路上)。而bytheway是"顺便说"，如：Bytheway,haveyouheardfromJoanrecently??
［误］Thestudentswereontheirwaytohome.?
［正］Thestudentswereontheirwayhome.?
［析］home在这里为副词。?
wear?
［误］Thelittlegirlisoldenoughtowearherself.?
［正］Thelittlegirlisoldenoughtodressherself.?
［析］wear后接衣物而不接反身代词。?
what?
［误］Iwanttoknowwhattodoit??
［正］Iwanttoknowwhattodo??［误］Iwanttoknowhowtodo??
［正］Iwanttoknowhowtodoit??
［析］what是疑问代词，而how是疑问副词。要注意它们用法的不同。?
when?
［误］Idcookyounicemealwhenyoudcomehomeintheevening.?
［正］Idcookyounicemealwhenyoucamehomeintheevening.?
［析］在when引导的状语从句中，要用一般时表示将来，即主句中是将来时，从句中应用一般现在时，如主句中是过去将来时，从句中应用一般过去时。如：Illbebackwhenyoucomebackfromschool.?
［误］Wheninthesecondgrade,hismotherboughthimabike.?
［正］WhenTomwasinthesecondgrade,hismotherboughthimabike.?
［析］复合句中只有当主句的主语与从句的主语一致的情况下，才有可能省略，如：Whenyounghehadtoworkallday.?
［误］Wellgototheparkwhenitdoesntraintomorrow.?
［正］Wellgototheparkifitdoesntraintomorrow.?
［析］if用来表示不能肯定的事如果发生会如何；而when用来表示肯定会发生或很可能会发生的事情，如：IllseeyouinSeptemberwhenIcomeback.?［误］Idontknowwhenhecomeshometomorrow.?
［正］Idontknowwhenhewillcomehometomorrow.?
［析］when所引出的宾语从句如果是表示将来的动作要用将来时，而不是像时间状语从句中用一般时表示将来。
where?
［误］Idontknowwheretogoto.?
［正］Idontknowwheretogo.?
［析］where是疑问副词。?
whether?
［误］Itisunknownifhewillcome.?
［正］Itisunknownwhetherhewillcome.?
［析］if不能引导主语从句。上句中it是形式主语，其后的从句才是真正的主语从句。要注意以下各种情况不宜用if而要用whether:?
①Ididntknowwhetheryoullgoornot.(因句中有ornot选项。)?
②Hedidntknowwhethertovisittheoldman.(因用于不定式前。)?
③Iminterestedinwhetherhellgo.(因作介词的宾语从句。)?
④Iwanttoknowthenewswhetherourteamwillwin.(同位语从句。)?
⑤Letmeknowwhetheryoucancome.(此句如用if则含意有所不同，其意就变为"如果你能来请通知我"。而用whether则意为"让我知道你是否能来"。)?
who?
［误］Whomdoyouthinkwouldliketocomeforagameoffootball??
［正］Whodoyouthinkwouldliketocomeforagameoffootball??
［析］在这个句式中"doyouthink"应看作插入语，所以原句应为Whowouldliketocomeforagameoffootball??
［误］Fromwhowasthegift??
［正］Fromwhomwasthegift??
［正］Whowasthatgiftfrom??
［析］在句首时现代英语常用who取代whom，而在紧跟介词时则不能用who来取代whom.?
why?
［误］Whynottogotothepark??
［正］Whynotgotothepark??
［析］whynot后面接不带to的不定式，也可以用whydontyougowithher??
win?
［误］Wehavewonyourclass.?
［正］Wehavebeatenyourclass.?
［析］win是及物动词，其后的宾语应是比赛、战争、奖品、奖金，如：Whichteamwonthefootballmatch?而beat是指"打败"对手、敌人，如：Mybrotherbeatmeatpoker.(请注意，beat是不规则动词，其过去式与原形相同，而过去分词为beaten.)?
wish?
［误］Ihopeyoutobeagoodstudent.?
［正］Iwishyoutobeagoodstudent.?
［析］hope不能加宾语再加宾语补足语，而wish则可以，如：Iwishyouluck.(我祝你走运。)?
without?
［误］Icantdothisworkwellwithoutyouhelpme.?
［正］Icantdothisworkwellwithoutyourhelp.?
［析］without其后接动名词或名词而不接从句。?
work?
［误］Thisgirlislookingforaworkatthebank.?
［正］Thisgirlislookingforajobatthebank.?
［析］"找工作"一般应为tofindajob，而works作为"工作"讲为不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，也不可用复数。当work作为"作品"、"著作"讲时，为可数名词，如：Thispaintingisoneofhisgreatworks.而works作为"工厂"讲时单复数形式相同，如：anironworks或twoironworks.作主语时其谓语动词可用单数，如：Thesteelworksisclosedfortheholidays.?
write?
［误］Youmaywritewithink.?
［正］Youmaywriteinink.?
［正］Youmaywritewithapen.?
［析］"用……写"这一表达法要看用的是什么：如果用钢笔则应用with,如：Pleasefillinthisformwithapen.但讲用墨水时则要用in.?
Ｙ?
yesterday?
［误］Icameacrossmyoldfriendyesterdaynight.?
［正］Icameacrossmyoldfriendlastnight.?
［析］"昨晚"应译为lastnight.
