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高中情态动词教案

发表时间:2021-03-29

情态动词第四章情态动词(一)。

古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。作为高中教师就要在上课前做好适合自己的教案。教案可以让学生能够听懂教师所讲的内容,帮助高中教师提高自己的教学质量。关于好的高中教案要怎么样去写呢?以下是小编为大家精心整理的“情态动词第四章情态动词(一)”,大家不妨来参考。希望您能喜欢!

情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度,如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义,但不完全,是所谓的“辅助性”动词,在句中不能单独充当谓语。
一、情态动词的特征和形式
A.情态动词的各种形式见下表:
情态动词
may
might
can
could
must
haveto
oughtto
will
would
shall
should
need
dare
usedto
否定式
maynot
mightnot
cannotcannot
couldnot
mustnot
donothaveto
oughtnotto
willnot
wouldnot
shallnot
shouldnot
neednot
darenot
usednotto
didnotuseto
简略否定式
maynt(老式英语,现在不常见)
mightnt
cant
couldnt
mustnt
donthaveto
oughtntto(否定句中to可省略)
wont
wouldnt
shant(只用于英国英语)
shouldnt
neednt
darent
usedntto
didntuseto
B.情态动词除oughtto,usedto等外,后面只接不带to的不定式。
1.情态动词+do
Youshouldntbesocareless.你不该这样粗心大意。
Jessicatoldhimyesterdayshemightnotgoonthetrip.
杰西卡昨天告诉他,她可能不去旅行了。
Difficultiescanandmustbeovercome.
困难能够而且必须克服。
2.情态动词+bedoing
Shemustbelisteningtopopmusic.
她肯定在听流行音乐。
Youshouldbereviewingyourlessons.
你应该在复习功课。
Mymothermaymightbecookingnow.
我妈妈可能正在做饭。
3.情态动词+havedone
TheymighthavevisitedtheGreatWall.
他们可能参观过长城了。
Hemusthavegotupveryearlytocatchthetrain.
他一定起得很早去赶火车了。
Yououghttohavecomeearlier.
你本该早一点儿来。
4.情态动词+bedone
Thiswordcanalsobeusedasaverb.
这个词也可以用作动词。
Somethingmustbedonetostoppollution.
必须采取措施来制止污染。
Theworkoughttohavebeenfinishedlongago.
这工作早就该完成了。
C.情态动词第三人称单数一般现在时没有词形变化。
Yououghttoweararaincoat.
你应该穿件雨衣。
Sheoughttoweararaincoat.
她应该穿件雨衣。
Plantsmusthaveoxygeninordertolive.
为了存活植物必须有氧气。
Aplantmusthaveoxygeninordertolive.
为了存活植物必须有氧气。
D.情态动词的时态并不是区分时间的主要标志。在一些场合中,情态动词的现在式和过去式都可以表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。
Imafraiditmightraintonight.
我看今晚可能要下雨。
CouldIborrowyourthermos
我可以借用你的暖水瓶吗?
Itsanicedaytoday.Wecouldgoforawalk.
今天天气不错,我们可以出去散散步。
E.情态动词是互相排斥的,一般不允许两个意义相近的情态动词连用。
Soldiersmusthavetoobeyorders.
Soldiershavetoobeyorders.
军人必须服从命令。
Soldiersmustobeyorders.
军人必须服从命令。
CanIbeabletoborrowtwobooksatatime
CanIborrowtwobooksatatime
我能一次借两本书吗?
WillIbeabletoborrowtwobooksatatime
我能一次借两本书吗?

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情态动词


一位优秀的教师不打无准备之仗,会提前做好准备,高中教师要准备好教案,这是高中教师需要精心准备的。教案可以让学生更好的吸收课堂上所讲的知识点,帮助授课经验少的高中教师教学。优秀有创意的高中教案要怎样写呢?小编经过搜集和处理,为您提供情态动词,希望对您的工作和生活有所帮助。

情态动词

情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一,2005年全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。

一、情态动词表推测

1.肯定的推测一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can),其中,must的语气最强,译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,译为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(might),could的语气最弱,译为“也许”、“可能”。

①Helen_______goonthetripwithusbutsheisn’tquitesureyet.(2005年安徽卷)

A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can

②—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.

—It___Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(2005年广东卷)

A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe

③Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_______itsomewhere.(2005年北京春季卷)

A.mustdropB.musthavedropped

C.mustbedroppingD.musthavebeendropped

④IfI____plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.(2005年湖北卷)

A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto

2.否定推测分为两种情况:

1)语气不很肯定时,常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot,译为“可能不”、“也许不”。

Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2004年上海春季卷)

A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

2)否定语气较强时,则用can’t,译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。

①—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.

—Well.He______havegonefar——hiscoat’sstillhere.(2005年湖北卷)

A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’t

②—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?

—No,it_______behimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(2004年全国卷Ⅰ)

A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot

3.疑问句中的推测,往往用can或could。

Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?(2001年上海春季卷)

A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

4.对已发生事情的肯定推测常用“must,may,might等+完成式”;否定推测常用“can,could,may,might等+完成式”。

①Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_______atleast150kilometersanhour.(2005年重庆卷)

A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoing

C.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone

②He_______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbyseaside.(2005年北京卷)

A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t

③—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisbeabsenttoday?

—Something________tohim.(2005年江西卷)

A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappened

C.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened

④MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_____haveattendedyourlecture.(2000年上海卷)

A.couldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t

二、“情态动词+完成式”

1.“should(oughtto)+完成式”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。

①—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

—You________herlastweek.(2004年福建卷)

A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetold

C.musttellD.shouldhavetold

②Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.(2002年上海春季卷)

A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeaten

C.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat

2.“could+完成式”表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成,含有遗憾的意味。

Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.(2005年山东卷)

A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

3.“needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事。例如:

Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本不需要浇花的,因为天就要下雨了。

—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.

—Thanks.You______it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(2005年福建卷)

A.needn’tdoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedone

三、常见的情态动词

1.shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见;用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。

①“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(2004年重庆卷)

A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall

②—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.

—You______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.(2004年湖南卷)

A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

③—Theroomissodirty.______wecleanit?

—Ofcourse.(2003年北京春季卷)

A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do

2.must用于疑问句,表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩,意思为“偏偏,偏要”;mustn’t表示禁止,是说话人强有力的劝告。

①John,lookatthetime._______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(2005年全国卷Ⅲ)

A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need

②Tom,youleaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(2005年全国Ⅰ)

A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot

3.needn’t表示“没有必要”。

—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.

—She______.I’vealreadyborrowedone.(2005年湖南卷)

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

4.would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。

Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.(1996年上海卷)

A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might

5.表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作,只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could。

Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.(1997年全国卷)

A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could

6.考查情态动词用作答语的情况

①—Writetomewhenyougethome.

—_______.(2001年北京春季卷)

A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican

②—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?

—Yes,you______.(1998年上海卷)

A.willB.couldC.mayD.might

巩固练习:

1.Michael______beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.

A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may

2.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI____forher.

A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitout

C.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout

3.Jack_____yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.

A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrived

C.can’thavearrivedD.needn’thavearrived

4.Sir,you______besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.

A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t

5.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.

A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will

6.—IsJohncomingbytrain?

—Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.

A.mustB.canC.needD.may

7.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.

A.canB.willC.mayD.shall

8.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.

A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would

9.—Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.—_______.

A.Idon’tB.Iwon’tC.Ican’tD.Ihaven’t

10.Ididn’tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She____atthemeeting.

A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken

C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken

例题答案

Key:CDBBKey:CKey:CAKey:AKey:BBDAKey:DC

Key:AKey:BKey:DABKey:ABKey:CKey:A

Key:CKey:CC

练习答案与解析

1.B从第二个分句“他太矮了”可以推知说话者持否定态度,needn’t意思是“没有必要”,与语境不符。

2.C根据句意“我已经告诉她怎样到那儿,但是或许我应该给她写下来”可知,说话者含有“后悔、遗憾”的意味,应使用“情态动词+完成式”形式,“must+完成式”表示对过去的肯定推测,“should+完成式”才表示虚拟意义。

3.C根据第二分句“否则的话他就会给我打电话了”可知“Jack肯定还没到”,“can’t+完成式”意思是“根本不可能”。

4.A从第二分句可知,这是妇女和儿童专用候车室,因此你“不准”坐在这儿。mustn’t表示“禁止,不准”。

5.Bcan在此表示许可。

6.D从后一句“他喜欢开车”可知说话者把握不大。mustnot不表示推测,cannot的语气太绝对,意思是“根本不可能”。

7.Dshall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等意思。

8.Cshould在此表示惊讶的感情色彩,意思是“竟然”。

9.B对祈使句的肯定回答用Iwill;否定回答用Iwon’t。

10.D根据句意“我今天上午在会议室没见到她”,所以“她根本不可能在会上发言”。表示“根本不可能”用can’t/couldn’thavedone形式。

情态动词专项练习1

1)You____allthoseclothes!Wehaveawashingmachinetodothatsortofthing

A)neednthavewashedB)shouldnthavewashed 

 C)mustnothavewashed D)cannothavewashed

2)Johnsscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.

A)shouldstudyB)shouldhavestudied 

C)musthavestudiedD)musthavetostudy

3)Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____cleaned.(CET-4,1996,6)

A)canthavebeenB)shouldnthavebeen 

C)mustnthavebeenD)wouldnthavebeen

4)Nobodyknowshowpeoplefirstcametotheseislands.They____fromSouthAmericaonrafts.

A)musthavesailed B)cansail 

C)mighthavesailedD)shouldhavesailed

5)Marywasnotinherbedroomyesterdayafternoon.She____inherclassroom.

A)shouldhavebeenB)musthavebeenC)mustbeD)shouldbe

6)Bobsaidhewasgoingtojoinourclubbuthedidnt.He____hismind.

A)canthavechangedB)wouldnthavechanged

C)musthavechangedD)shouldnthavechanged

7)You____totowntoseethefilmyesterday.ItwillbeonTVtonight.

A)needntgoB)hadbetternotgo 

C)shouldnotgoD)neednthavegone

8)We____theletteryesterday,butitdidntarrive.

A)mustreceiveB)oughttoreceive

C)musthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived

9)Withalltheworkonhand,he____tothecinemalastnight.

A)mustntgoB)shouldnthavegone 

C)couldnotgoD)couldnthavegone

10)Evewaslateforclassagain.She____earlier.

A)shouldgetupB)mustgetup

C)needtogetupD)shouldhavegotup

11)Iamfeelingsick.I____somuchchocolate.

A)neednthaveeatenB)couldnthaveeaten

C)mustnthaveeatenD)shouldnthaveeaten

12)Ididntsendoutmyapplicationformlastweek,butI____.

A)hadB)woulddoC)shouldhaveD)mighthaveto

13)Walkingaloneinthedesertedvillage,Johnwasscared.Hethoughthe____Tomtogowithhim.

A)mighthaveaskedB)shouldasked

C)musthaveaskedD)shouldhaveasked

14)WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;I____thereearlier.

A)oughttogetB)oughttohavegotC)musthavegotD)mustget

15)Theroadwasmuddy.It____rainedlastnight.

A)must B)musthaveC)mustbe D)couldhave

16)ShecanspeakquitefluentEnglish.She____.

A)mustbeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

B)musthavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

C)shouldhavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

D)MaybeintheU.S.A.forsometime

17)Youshouldbearinmindthatheisnotsostrongashe____.

A)wasusedtobeB)usedtobeC)wasusedtoD)useto

18)“Wedidntseehimattheexhibitionyesterday.”“He___it.”

A)mustntvisitB)canthavevisited

C)shouldhavegonetoseeD)maysee

19)Mary____myletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

A)shouldhavereceivedB)hasreceived

C)CouldnthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived

20)I____youavaluablepresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoney.

A)wouldhavelikedtogiveB)likedtogive 

 C)havelikedtogiveD)wouldliketogive

21)“Where____myumbrella?”“Somebody____itawaybymistake.”

A)is,musthavetakenB)is,musttake

C)havebeen,musttakeD)is,takes

22)What____wouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?

A)willyousupposeB)yousuppose C)doyousuppose D)youwouldsuppose

23)Twoeyes____seemorethanone.

A)can B)mayC)willD)should

24)____youcontinueinyoureffortsandachievenewandgreatersuccesses.

A)WouldB)WillC)MayD)Should

25)Weoughttohelpeachotherinourwork,____?

A)oughtntweB)shouldweC)shouldntweD)oughttowe

26)Tom____betterthantoaskDickforhelp.

A)shallknowB)shouldntknowC)hasknownD)shouldhaveknown

27)You____yourtoothpulledoutbeforeitrotcompletely.

A)hadbettergotB)hadtogetbetter

C)hadbettertogetD)hadbetterget

28)Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhasntstartedyet,sowe____.

A)neednthurryB)didntneedhurry

C)neednttohurry D)neednthavehurried

29)Itwasreallyverydangerous;you____himseriously.

A)mighthaveinjuredB)couldinjure

C)shouldhaveinjuredD)mustinjure

30)Ashehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.

A)needntB)maynotC)mustntD)cant

31)AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.

A)mustB)couldC)may D)might

32)I____liketomakeasuggestion.

A)couldB)wouldC)mustD)might

33)Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.

A)can B)mayC)mustD)ought

34Icantfindtherecorderintheroom.It____bysomebody.

A)mayhavebeentakenawayB)mayleave

C)maytakeawayD)musthavetakenaway

35)He____the9:20trainbecausehedidntleavehometill9:25.

A)canreachB)couldcatchC)maynotcatchD)couldnthavecaught

36)You____allthoseclothes!Wehaveawashingmachinetodothatsortofthing

A)neednthavewashedB)shouldnthavewashed 

 C)mustnothavewashed D)cannothavewashed

37)Johnsscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.

A)shouldstudyB)shouldhavestudied

C)musthavestudiedD)musthavetostudy

38)Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____havebeencleaned.(CET-4,1996,6)

A)cant B)shouldntC)mustntD)wouldnt

39)Nobodyknowshowpeoplefirstcametotheseislands.They____fromSouthAmericaonrafts.

A)musthavesailed B)cansail 

C)mighthavesailedD)shouldhavesailed

40)Marywasnotinherbedroomyesterdayafternoon.She____inherclassroom.

A)shouldhavebeenB)musthavebeenC)mustbeD)shouldbe

41)Bobsaidhewasgoingtojoinourclubbuthedidnt.He____havechangedhismind.

A)cant B)wouldntC)mustD)shouldnt

42)You____totowntoseethefilmyesterday.ItwillbeonTVtonight.

A)needntgoB)hadbetternotgo C)shouldnotgo D)neednthavegone

43)We____theletteryesterday,butitdidntarrive.

A)mustreceiveB)oughttoreceive

C)musthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived

44)Withalltheworkonhand,he____tothecinemalastnight.

A)mustntgoB)shouldnthavegone 

C)couldnotgoD)couldnthavegone

45)Evewaslateforclassagain.She____earlier.

A)shouldgetup B)mustgetup C)needtogetup D)shouldhavegotup

46)Iamfeelingsick.I____haveeatensomuchchocolate.

A)neednt B)couldntC)mustntD)shouldnt

47)Ididntsendoutmyapplicationformlastweek,butI____.

A)hadB)woulddoC)shouldhaveD)mighthaveto

48)Walkingaloneinthedesertedvillage,Johnwasscared.Hethoughthe____Tomtogowithhim.

A)mighthaveasked B)shouldasked C)musthaveaskedD)shouldhaveasked

49)WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;I____thereearlier.

A)oughttogetB)oughttohavegotC)musthavegotD)mustget

50)Theroadwasmuddy.It____rainedlastnight.

A)mustB)musthaveC)mustbeD)couldhave

A)mustbeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

B)musthavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

C)shouldhavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime

D)MaybeintheU.S.A.forsometime

52)Youshouldbearinmindthatheisnotsostrongashe____.

A)wasusedtobeB)usedtobeC)wasusedtoD)useto

53)“Wedidntseehimattheexhibitionyesterday.”“He___it.”

A)mustntvisitB)canthavevisited

C)shouldhavegonetoseeD)maysee

54)Mary____myletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

A)shouldhavereceivedB)hasreceived

C)CouldnthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived

55)I____youavaluablepresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoney.

A)wouldhavelikedtogiveB)likedtogive 

 C)havelikedtogiveD)wouldliketogive

56)“Where____myumbrella?”“Somebody____itawaybymistake.”

A)is,musthavetakenB)is,musttake

C)havebeen,musttakeD)is,takes

57)What____wouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?

A)willyousupposeB)yousuppose C)doyousuppose D)youwouldsuppose

58)Twoeyes____seemorethanone.

A)can B)mayC)willD)should

59)____youcontinueinyoureffortsandachievenewandgreatersuccesses.

A)WouldB)WillC)MayD)Should

60)Weoughttohelpeachotherinourwork,____?

A)oughtntweB)shouldweC)shouldntweD)oughttowe

61)Tom____betterthantoaskDickforhelp.

A)shallknowB)shouldntknowC)hasknownD)shouldhaveknown

62)You____yourtoothpulledoutbeforeitrotcompletely.

A)hadbettergotB)hadtogetbetter

C)hadbettertogetD)hadbetterget

63)Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhasntstartedyet,sowe____.

A)neednthurryB)didntneedhurry

C)neednttohurry D)neednthavehurried

64)Itwasreallyverydangerous;you____himseriously.

A)mighthaveinjuredB)couldinjure

C)shouldhaveinjuredD)mustinjure

65)Ashehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.

A)needntB)maynotC)mustntD)cant

66)AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.

A)mustB)couldC)may D)might

67)I____liketomakeasuggestion.

A)couldB)wouldC)mustD)might

68)Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.

A)canB)mayC)mustD)ought

69)Icantfindtherecorderintheroom.It____bysomebody.

A)mayhavebeentakenawayB)mayleave

C)maytakeaway D)musthavetakenaway

70)He____the9:20trainbecausehedidntleavehometill9:25.

A)canreach B)couldcatch C)maynotcatch D)couldnthavecaught

情态动词专项练习2

1.Ithoughtyou___likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.

A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must

2.You tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.

 A.neednttocome B.dontneedcome C.dontneedcoming D.needntcome

3.He_ youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.

 A.mighthavegiven B.mightgive C.mayhavegiven D.maygive

4.─Ihelpyouwithsomeshoes,madam?

 ─Yes,Iwouldliketotryonthosebrownones.

 A.WillB.ShouldC.MayD.Must

5.Thereasonwhythey leavewasntexplainedtous.

 A.hadB.hadto C.mustD.might

6.Isearchedformywalletanditwasntthere.IthoughtI itathome.

 A.leftB.haveleft C.mighthaveleftD.couldhaveleft

7.I asleepbecauseittookmealongtimetorealizethatthetelephonewasringing. 

 A.couldhavefallen B.shouldhavefallen

 C.musthavefallen D.mustnthavefallen

8.Theonlythingthatreallymatterstothechildrenishowsoontheyreturntotheirschool.

 A.canB.must C.havetoD.oughtto

9.Iwanttogotothechemists,butyougowithme. 

 A.neednotB.mustnotC.needD.must

10.Ithoughtitover,but cometonoconclusion.

 A.canB.couldC.shouldD.would

11.Whatwe getseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.

 A.canB.couldC.cantD.Couldn’t

12.─Mygoodness!Ivejustmissedthetrain.

─Thatstoobad.Iamsureyou it,ifyouhadhurried.

 A.couldhavecaught B.hadcaught C.wouldcatch D.couldcatch

13.Look!Whatyouvedone!You morecareful.

 A.maybe B.hadto C.shouldhavebeenD.wouldbe

14. Irepeatthequestion?

 A.ShallB.Will C.DoyouwantthatD.Do

15.ProfessorLi,manystudentswanttoseeyou.theywaithereoroutside!

 A.DoB.WillC.ShallD.Are

16.You readthatbookifyoudontwantto.

 A.haventB.cantC.mustnt D.neednt

17.Johnny,you playwiththeknife;you hurtyourself.

 A.wont;cantB.cant;shouldntC.shouldnt;mustD.mustnt;may

18.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack behereatanymoment.

 A.mustB.needC.can D.should

19.─Therewerealready5peopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.─It acomfortablejourney.

 A.cantbe B.shouldntbe C.couldnthavebeen D.mustnthavebeen

20.Tomoughtnottomeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.

 A.havetoldB.tell C.betelling D.havingtold

21.Everyoneishere.westartthemeeting?

 A.Can B.MustC.ShouldD.Shall

22.Iparkedmycarrightherebutnowitsgone.It.

 A.mustbestolenB.maybestolen

 C.musthavestolen D.musthavebeenstolen

23.Hetheworkyesterday,buthedidnt.

 A.musthavefinished B.needhavefinished

 C.finishedD.shouldhavefinished

24.Hedidnotpasstheexamination.Asagoodstudent,he .

 A.mustnthavefailed B.maynothavefailed

 C.neednthavefailed D.shouldnthavefailed

25.itbetruethatAlbertpassedthetestingeography?

 A.MayB.shouldC.CouldD.would

26.Youleadahorsetothewaterbutyounotmakeitdrink.

 A.will;can B.may;can C.may;dareD.dare;can

27.─Mustwefinishthecompositioninclass?

─No,you .

 A.neednt B.mustnt C.wontD.shouldnt

28.Hereyeswerered.She.

 A.mustcry B.mustbecried C.musthavebeencrying D.maycry

29.Maryhisletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

 A.hasreceived B.mustreceive

 C.couldnthavereceived D.shouldnthavereceived

30.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI forher.

 A.hadtowriteitout B.musthavewrittenitout

 C.shouldhavewrittenitout D.oughttowriteitout 

情态动词练习题答案

1)A2)C3)A4)C5)B6)C7)D8)D9)D10)D11)D12)C13)D14)B15)B16)B17)B18)C19)C20)A21)A22)C23)A24)C25)A26)D27)D28)D29)A30)C31)B32)B33)C34)A35)D1)A2)C3)A4)C5)B6)C7)D8)D9)D10)D11)D12)C13)D14)B15)B16)B17)B18)C19)C20)A21)A22)C23)A24)C25)A26)D27)D28)D29)A30)C

31)B32)B33)C34)A35)D

情态动词专项练习2

1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.C7.C8.A9.A10.B

11.C12.A13.C14.A15.C16.D17.D18.D19.C20.A

21.D22.D23.D24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.C30.C

情态动词复习


一名优秀的教师在教学方面无论做什么事都有计划和准备,作为高中教师准备好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以让学生更好的消化课堂内容,帮助高中教师掌握上课时的教学节奏。您知道高中教案应该要怎么下笔吗?小编收集并整理了“情态动词复习”,仅供参考,希望能为您提供参考!

情态动词复习
1情态动词的语法特征
 1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
 2)情态动词除ought和have外,后面只能接不带to的不定式。
 3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
 4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。
2比较can和beableto
1)can could表示能力;可能(过去时用could),
只用于现在式和过去式(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。
 Theywillbeabletotellyouthenewssoon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2)只用beableto
 a.位于助动词后。
 b.情态动词后。
 c.表示过去某时刻动作时。
 d.用于句首表示条件。
 e.表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/wereableto,不能用could。
 HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.
=HemanagedtofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.
注意:could不表示时态
1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。
---CouldIhavethetelevisionon?
---Yes,youcan./No,youcant.
2)在否定,疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
Hecouldntbeabadman.
他不大可能是坏人。
3比较may和might
1)表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may放在句首,表示祝愿。
MayGodblessyou!
Hemightbeathome.
注意:might表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比may小。
2)成语:may/mightaswell,后面接不带to的不定式,意为"不妨"。
 Ifthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry.
典型例题
 Peter___comewithustonight,butheisntverysureyet.
 A.mustB.may C.can D.will
 答案B.表可能性只能用may. 此句意可从后半句推出。
4比较haveto和must
1) 两词都是必须的意思,haveto表示客观的需要,must表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。
Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight. 我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)
2) haveto有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.
3)在否定结构中:donthaveto 表示"不必"
mustnt表示"禁止",
Youdonthavetotellhimaboutit. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。
Youmustnttellhimaboutit.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
5must表示推测
 1)must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为"一定"。
 2)must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时,must后面通常接系动词be的原形或行为动词的进行式。
 Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired. 你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)
 Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他一定在办公室工作呢。
比较:
 Hemustbestayingthere. 
 他现在肯定呆在那里。
 Hemuststaythere.
 他必须呆在那。
 3)must表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must要接完成式。
Ididnthearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。
 4)must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must后面要接不定式的完成进行式。
---Whydidntyouanswermyphonecall?
---Well,Imusthavebeensleeping,soIdidnthearit.
5)否定推测用cant。
IfTomdidntleavehereuntilfiveoclock,hecantbehomeyet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿,他此时一定还未到家。
6表示推测的用法
 can,could,may,might,must皆可表示推测,其用法如下:
1)情态动词+动词原形。
表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。
Idontknowwheresheis,shemaybeinWuhan.
2)情态动词+动词现在进行时。
表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。
Atthismoment,ourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.
这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3)情态动词+动词完成时。
表示对过去情况的推测。
WewouldhavefinishedthisworkbytheendofnextDecember.
明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。
Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.
地是湿的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。
表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。
Yourmothermusthavebeenlookingforyou.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。
5)推测的否定形式,疑问形式用cant,couldnt表示。
Mikecanthavefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。
注意:could,might表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的程度不如can,may。
7情态动词+have+过去分词
1)may(might)have+donesth,can(could)have+donesth 表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。
Philipmay(might)havebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
Philipcan(could)havebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
2) musthave+donesth,对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测,语气较强,具有"肯定","谅必"的意思。
 ---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.
 ---Shemusthavegonebybus.
3)oughttohavedonesth,shouldhavedonesth
本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。
Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.
Heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway.(事实上已扔了。)
oughtto在语气上比should要强。
4)neednthavedonesth 本没必要做某事
Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI neednthavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.
5)wouldliketohavedonesth 本打算做某事 
Iwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.
8should和oughtto
should和oughtto都为"应该"的意思,可用于各种人称。
---Oughthetogo?
---Yes.Ithinkheoughtto.
表示要求,命令时,语气由should(应该)、hadbetter最好)、must(必须)渐强。
9hadbetter表示"最好"
hadbetter相当于一个助动词,它只有一种形式,它后面要跟动词原形。
hadbetterdosth
hadbetternotdosth
Itisprettycold.Youdbetterputonmycoat.
Shedbetternotplaywiththedog.
hadbetterhavedonesth表示与事实相反的结果,意为"本来最好"。
Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.
10wouldrather表示"宁愿"
 wouldratherdo
 wouldrathernotdo
 wouldrather…than… 宁愿……而不愿。
还有wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。
IfIhaveachoice,Ihadsoonernotcontinuemystudiesatthisschool.
 Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangohome.
典型例题
----Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?
----Which___do? 
A.doyouratherB.wouldyourather C.willyourather D.shouldyourather
答案B。本题考查情态动词rather的用法,wouldrather+dosth意为"宁愿",本题为疑问句,would提前,所以选B。

11will和would
 注意:
 1)wouldlike;Wouldliketodo=wantto想要,为固定搭配。
Wouldyouliketogowithme?
 2)Willyou…? Wouldyoulike…?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some,而不是any。
Wouldyoulikesomecake?
 3)否定结构中用will,一般不用would,wontyou是一种委婉语气。
Wontyousitdown?
12情态动词的回答方式
问句 肯定回答否定回答
Needyou…?Yes,Imust. No,Ineednt
Mustyou…? /donthaveto.
典型例题
1)---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?
---Yes,ofcourse,you____. 
 A.might B.will C.can D.should
 答案C.could表示委婉的语气,并不为时态。答语中ofcourse,表示肯定的语气,允许某人做某事时,用can和may来表达,不能用could或might。复习:will与you连用,用来提出要求或下命令。should与you连用,用来提出劝告。
2)---ShallItellJohnaboutit?
---No,you___.Ivetoldhimalready.
 A.needntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt
 答案A。neednt不必,不用。wouldnt将不,不会的。mustnt禁止、不能。shouldnt 不应该。本题为不需要,不必的意思,应用neednt。
3)---Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.
---______.
A.Idont B. Iwont C.Icant D.Ihavent
答案B. will既可当作情态动词,表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表"意愿、意志、决心",本题表示决心,选B。
13带to的情态动词
 带to的情态动词有四个:oughtto,haveto,usedto,beto,如加上havegotto,(=must),beableto,为六个。它们的疑问,否定形式应予以注意:
 Dotheyhavetopaytheirbillbeforetheendofthemonth?
 Shedidntusetoplaytennisbeforeshewasfourteen.
 Yououghtnottohavetoldherallaboutit.
 Oughthetoseeaheartspecialistatonce.?
oughtto本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用,变疑问,否定时,须有do
等助动词协助。

典型例题
 Tomoughtnotto___meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm. 
 A.havetold B.tell C.betelling D.havingtold
 答案A。由于后句为过去时,告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前因,此地应用过去完成时,但它在情态动词oughtto后,所以用have。
14比较need和dare
 这两词既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者都只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时,后面的to时常可以被省略。
1)实义动词:need (需要,要求)
 need+n./todosth
2)情态动词:need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式为neednot。
Needyougoyet?
Yes,Imust./No,Ineednt.
3)need的被动含义:need,want,require,worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动: 
needdoing=needtobedone

情态动词高考题汇编


1.SorryI’mlate.I____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

2.----Writetomewhenyougethome.

----________.

A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican

3.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You______homewithoutaword.

A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleft

C.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave

4.--------Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluablecoins.______Ihavealook?

--------Yes,certainly.

A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should

5.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.

A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeaten

C.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat

6.-------Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.

-----It_______truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.

A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe

7.-------Theroomissodirty._____wecleanit?

-------Ofcourse.

A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do

8.Mydictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_____havetakenit?

A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would

9.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI____reportittothepolice?

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

10.Mr.White______at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.

A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive

C.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving

11.----Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?

-----No,it_____behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.

A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot

12.------Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.

-----oh,he_____havebeenaverysmartboythen.

A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must

13.-------Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.

--------You_____.I’mnotaskingyouforit.

A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t

14.-----Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?

-------Well,ifyou_____know,hernameisMabel.

A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall

15.----I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

-----You_____herlastweek.

A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetold

C.musttellD.shouldhavetold

16.(2008福建卷)ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometime。

 A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would

17.(2008湖南卷)Youdonthavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You_____findthebookbythetitle。

 A.mustB.needC.canD.would

18.(2008江苏卷)

—Imsorry.I______atyoutheotherday。

 —Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself。

A.shouldntshoutB.shouldnthaveshouted

C.mustntshoutC.mustnthaveshouted

19(2008山东卷)Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idontthinkwe______itwithoutyou。

A.canmanageB.couldhavemanaged

C.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged

20(2008江西卷)Whatapity.Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he____better。

A.needhavedoneB.musthavedone

C.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone

21(2008辽宁卷)Peter______bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhesanicepersoningeneral。

A.shallB.should C.canD.must

22(2008全国II)Liza___wellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling。

A.willB.canC.mustD.may

23(2008陕西卷)

—Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?

—Well,it_________bebig--thatsnotimportant。

A.mustntB.needntC.cantD.wont

24(2008四川卷)Althoughthis____soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded。

A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should

25(2008浙江卷)You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!

 A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt

26(09安徽)Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;theyjustbequietpeople.

A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would

27(09北京)Oneofthefewthingsyou____sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.

A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can

28(09福建).ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.

A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewon

C.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon

29(09湖南)

—It’stheoffice!Soyouknoweatingisnotallowedhere.

—Oh,sorry.

A.mustB.willC.mayD.need

30(09海南)Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?Therebetwelve

A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.shall

31(09上海)It_____havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.

A.mayB.canC.mustD.should

32(09四川)—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.

—Well,you_______

A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might

33(09天津)Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

34(09重庆)—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?

—She_____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.

A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeen

C.mustbeD.mighthavebeen

35(09全国2)10.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatIstayhereuntilshecomesback.

A.canB.mustC.willD.may

keys:1-5:ACBBC6-10:CBCAA11-15:ADDCD

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高考英语备考情态动词


2011高考英语备考(考点聚焦+名题导解)情态动词一、考点聚焦1、情态动词的基本用法(1)can、beableto和could①can和beableto都表示能力,意思上没多大区别。但can只有现在和过去时,而beableto则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时,通常不用could而用was/wereableto来表示。这时was/wereableto相当于managedto,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。如:Canyouusechopsticks?Thewoundedmanstillwasabletogettothevillageandwassavedintheend.②can和couldcan和could都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,一般用could,回答时则用can。如:Couldyouhelpmecarrythebag?CanIhelpyou?(2)may/might①may/might表示可能,但may比might可能性大。如:-Whyisn’theinclass?

Hemaybesick.(生病的可能性较大)

Hemightbesick.(生病的可能性较小)

②may/might表示“允许”,may用于现在时或将来时,might常用在间接引语中表过去时,但might也可用于现在时间,表示比较委婉的语气,回答用may。如:

Hesayswemayleave.Hesaidwemightleave.③may/might表示建议或请求,但might比may更客气,意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义。Yes,youcan/may.—May/MightIuseyourbike?—No,youmustn’t(3)must①must表示必须,应该,没有时态变化。如:

YoumustdoeverythingasIdo.

②must表示肯定的推测。如:

Thelightisstillon,sohemustbeathome.

③mustn’t表示禁止做某事。如:

Youmustn’tsmokeintheoffice.

(4)haveto

haveto表示“必须、不得不”,是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须”,“不得不”做某事,也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。haveto的否定形式表示不必。haveto可用于多种时态中。如:

Youwillhavetocleanyourownbootswhenyoujointhearmy.

Ihavetobeatmyofficeeveryevening.

(5)should/oughtto

①should和oughtto表示应当、应该,前者比后者语气轻。如:

Youshould/oughttoworkhard.

②should/oughttoworkhard.

Sincesheisnothere,wheshould/oughttobeintheclassroom.

③should/oughtto的否定形式表示禁止之意。如:

Childrenshouldn’tsmoke.

④should可表示陈述意见,推出建议或请求;而oughtto可以表示劝告之意。如:

Yououghttorespectyourparents.

Hesuggestedthattheyshouldleaveatonce.

(6)will/would

①will用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等,否定式won’t+动词。如:

Iwilltellyouallaboutit.

Tomwon’tdosuchathing.

②will用于疑问句中,常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如:

Willyoupleasetellherthenewswhenyouseeher?

③will表示习惯性的动作,有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。如:

Fishwilldieoutofwater.

④would表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如:

Wouldyoupleasebequiet?

Wouldyoulikecoffee?

⑤would表示过去反复发生的动作。如:

WhenIpassedmyschoolIwouldseemyteacherswhotaughtme5yearsago.

(7)need

need作“必要”讲,既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词。作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to,其变化与一般动词相同。如:

Ineedtothinkitover.

—Needyougonow?—Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn’t

(8)dare

dare表示“敢”的意思。作为情态动词时,主要用在疑问句和否定句中。dare若作实义动词,后面可带to的不定式,此时to也可以省略。dare与need的用法相似。如:

Howdareyousaythat?

Shedoesn’tdate(to)askherfather.

(9)usedto

usedto表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的习惯,但现在已不复存在了。如:

Heusedtosmoke.

(10)shall

①shall作为情态动词用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令”、“警告、威胁、强制”和“允许”等意思。如:

Weshalldoasourteachersays.

YoushallhavethebookassoonasIfinishit.

②在疑问句中,shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示,常用于第一、第三人称。如:

Whereshallhewaitforus?

Shallwegooutforawalk?

2、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法

下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合:

情态动词

对现在和未来的推测

对过去的推测

使用场合

must

must+动词原形

musthavedone

肯定句

may/might

may/might+动词原形

May/mighthavedone

肯定句、否定句

can/could

can/coulddo

Can/couldhavedone

否定句、疑问名(could可用于肯定句)

should

用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”shoulddo/be

shouldhavedone

肯定句、否定句、疑问句

例如:

Itmusthaverainedlastnight.

Shemaynotbeathome.=Itispossiblethatsheisnotathome.

Shecan’tbeathome.=Itisimpossiblethatsheisathome.

Theyshouldbethererightnow.

3、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法

情态动词用于虚拟语气中表示责备的感情色彩,用法如下:

(1)shouldhavedone表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”,而shouldn’thavedone则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。如:Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.Youshouldn’thavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents.(2)oughttohavedone也表示“本应该……”而oughtnottohavedone则意为“本不应该……”。如:Yououghttohavetoldmeaboutitearlier.Yououghtnottohavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents.(3)needn’thavedone表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。如:Youneedn’thavewalkedsoquicklysincetimewasenough.(4)couldhavedone表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”。如:Icouldhavecomeontime,butmycarbrokeontheway.ù二、精典名题导解选择填空1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You________homewithoutaword.A.mustn’thaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’thave解析:答案为B。本题考查的是情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。题目给出的条件是“我确实非常担心你”,因此后面可知应是责备you不应该没说一句话就离开了。2.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I__________gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might解析:答案为D。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。由题目中“I’mnotsure”,表明我可能去Jeff’sparty,也可能去音乐会,故用might。3.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,____________.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t解析:答案为B。本题考查表示请求的英语口语,用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构,是表示一种请求和意愿,是用疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气,意思是“请你……,好吗”,对于这种问句的肯定回答是:Suree!Gertainly!Yes,ofcourse.I’dbegladto等;否定回答通常是:I’msorry,Ican’t.No,I’mafraidIcan’t.I’msorry,but…I’dliketo,but…等。注意情态动词表客气的用法及其在一般疑问句中的问与答。4.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,itbehimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot解析:答案为A。本题考查情态动词表推测。问:那边的难道不是Ann的丈夫吗?答:不是。不可能是他,我确信他不戴眼镜。5.Youbetired-you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot解析:答案为C。本题考查情态动词。句中破折号后的内容对前一句进行解释说明:你只工作了一个小时,所以你不可能累的。表否定推测时用can’t。A项表禁止(不许),B项表未来,D项表不允许。均不可用,故选C。6.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkIreportittothepolice?A.shouldB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever解析:答案为A。本题考情态动词。在空房子里看到灯光,是一件奇怪而令人生疑的事,故问:你是否认为我应当把这事儿报告给警察?应用A。